北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit1 Relationships单元语法详解课件(共14张PPT)

(共14张PPT)
Unit 1 Relationships
单元语法详解
北师大版新教材选择性必修一
本单元重点语法
→过去完成时
a. Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full
of strange words to me.（教材 P8）
b. I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class.
I had heard stories about his bad behavior. (教材 P9)
c. He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects. (教
材 P9)
d. I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.
(教材 P9)
e. The whole class cheered for John because he had run the fastest on
Sports Day. (教材 P11)
◆ 原句再现
◆ 过去完成时含义
● 过去某一时刻或某一事件前完成的动作或状态，请观察以下句子
By the end of last term we had learned twelve units.
到上学期末， 我们已经学完了十二个单元
b. I had been a nurse before I entered the medical college.
我在上那所医院之前是一名护士
● 某一时刻或某一事件前已发生但未完成的动作，请观察以下句子
By December last year, he had worked in Beijing for five years.
到去年十二月为止，他已经在北京工作五年了
● 表示非真实的、想象的过去动作或状态，请观察以下句子
a. If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
b. They had meant to see me off at the airport, but they got there too late.
●各种人称 + 助动词 had + 过去分词…..，即：主语 + had + done…
请观察以下句子
◆ 过去完成时的构成
He had been in this college for three years before I came to study.
b. I had finished my homework by that time.
◆过去完成时的用法
※ 悄悄告诉你：过去完成时在时间上是"过去的过去”, 因此,句子
一般都有一个明确的状语或状语从句来表示过去的时间
● 表示某动作或状态从过去某一时间以前开始并一直持续到这一时间，常与延续性动词连用，并带有for, since, by, when, until 等表示一段时间或起止的时间状语，请观察以下句子
a. I had stayed in Beijing for three years by then.
b. Until then he had known nothing about it.
c. The boy told his mother that he had been ill since he came back from the school.
d. She had only been here for ten minutes when Jim came in.
※ 温馨告知： after, before 等引导的状语从句中，由于这类词本身意义能明确表示时间先后关系，因此，谓语动词常用一般过去时代替过去完成时，请观察下面句子
After he finished his homework, he went to bed.
● 表示动作在过去一段时间之前已经结束，通常月非延续性动词连用，句中常带有 by, before 等引起的时间，请观察以下句子
When they got to the field, the football match had already started.
b. He had learned two hundred English words by the end of last term.
c. I hadn’t waited long before he came.
● 表示在过去某一时间之前反复发生的动作或出现的状态,常与频度状语 twice, three times, many times等连用，请观察以下句子
a. He said he had read the detective novel twice.
b. I had seen the film many times on CCTV6.
c. My mother said that she had been there three times.
●表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图，常与 hope, intend, mean, expect, think, want, suppose 等词连用，请观察以下句子
I had hoped to be able to take my seat in all this noise without being
seen, but that morning the room was quiet and orderly.
b. We had hoped to catch the 8:00 train, but found it was gone.
c. I had meant to tell you the news, but I was too busy.
d. I had intended to come over to see you last night, but my old friend called and I couldn’t get away.
● 过去完成时在 It was the first… time + that 从句结构中, 从句谓语
常用 过去完成时，it 有时可以换成 this, that 等，请观察以下句子
a. It was the first time last year that he had visited our school.
b. It was the fifth time that he had spoken to me in such a short time.
c. This was the last time that he had done that kind of work.
d. That was the third time that he had been there.
e. It was the second time that she had been punished by her father.
◆过去完成时的基本形式
● 肯定式：以动词 do 为例
※ I/He/ She/It/We/You/They + had + done…
● 否定式：以动词 do 为例
※ -- Had I done… -- Yes, you had. (No, you hadn’t.)
-- Had she/he/it done… -- Yes, she/he/it had. (No, he/she/it hadn’t.)
-- Had we done… -- Yes, you/we had. (No, you/we hadn’t.)
-- Had you done… -- Yes, I/we had. (No, I/we hadn’t.)
-- Had they done… – Yes, they had. ( No, they hadn’t.)
● 一般疑问式及回答: 以动词 do 为例
※ I/He/ She/It/We/You/They + hadn’t + done…
◆ 过去完成时的被动语态
●主语 + had been done, 请观察以下句子
a. The task had been done by five o’clock yesterday afternoon.
b. These people had been warned twice by the end of last week.
※ 考点训练
1. He asked me _______ during the summer holidays.
where I had been B. where I had gone
C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What ______ Jane ______ by the time he was sever
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I _______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ______ lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ___________ the
dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
A
D
C
A
A
6. She said she ________ the principle already.
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
7. She said her family ______ themselves ___ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with 8. By the time he was ten years old, he ________.
A. has completed university B. has completed the university
C. had completed an university D. had completed university
9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
10. He ______ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano
C. has learned, the piano D. learns, piano
11. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten
A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done
D
B
D
C
B
D
12 .He _____ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.
A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work
13. By the end of last week, they _______ the bridge.
has completed B. completed
C. will complete D. had completed
14. Ben hates playing ______ violin, but he likes playing ____ football.
A. a…the B. the…the C. / …the D. the…/
15. By the time he was 4, he ________ a lot of German words.
A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns
16. Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom.
was left B. had left C. has left D. left
17. They ________ in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living
C
D
D
A
D
C
18. The train from Beijing _______ ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived
19. The students ________ their classroom when the visitors arrived.
A. have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned
20. David _______ the project in one hour.
A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished
21. The man ________ his coat and went out.
A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on
22 My mother _________ in that factory at the age of 18.
had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works
23. Dad ________ while he _______ TV.
A .fell asleep…watch B. was falling asleep…watched
C. fell asleep……was watching D. had fallen asleep…watched
C
B
B
A
C
C
That’s all!
Thank you!