Unit 3 Environmental Protection-Using Language
词汇短语过关斩将
一.默写单词
1.smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
2.volume n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
3.garbage n. 垃圾；废物
4.enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
5.dozen n. (一)打；十二个
6.fine vt. 对………处以罚款
7.campaign n. 运动；战役vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动
8.waterway n. 水道；航道
9.agenda n. 议程表；议事日程
二.拓展词汇
1.originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立→origination n.起源；开始
2.restore vt.恢复；使复原；修复→restoration n.恢复
3.conserve vt.保存→conservation n.对(环境、文物等)保护；保持
4.regulate vt.调节；规定；控制→regulation n.章程；规章制度
5.dispose vt.& vi.处理；安排→disposal n.去掉；清除；处理
6.inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅→inspection n.检查；查看；视察
7.tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→toleration n.宽容；忍受
三.翻译短语
1.contribute to 有助于；导致；把时间投入到……
2.end up 最终
3.dozens of 许多；很多
4.set up 建立；开业；竖立
5.carry out 执行；实行；贯彻
6.in effect 实际上；生效
基础句法精益求精
1.Water pollution levels increased，with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.(教材P32)水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。
2.With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.(教材P33)有了这些措施，人们相信漓江的美丽将世世代代保存下来。
【基 础 练】
一.单词拼写
1.The measures are intended to (恢复)public confidence in the economy.
2.For the government，education is now at the top of the (议程表).
3.The head went on a tour of (视察) of all the classrooms.
4.Today police launched a (运动)to reduce road accidents.
5.There are more than 400 miles of (航道) to explore in the area.
6.There are plenty of small industrial (企业) in this area.
7.Environmental (保护) has been a hot topic in recent years.
8.Don’t forget to take out the (垃圾).
【答案】1.restore 2.agenda 3.inspection 4.campaign 5.waterways 6.enterprises 7.conservation 8.garbage
二.单句语法填空
1.People are concerned the quality of the air they breathe.
2.The activities of credit companies (regulation) by law.
3.She had no (tolerate) for jokes of any kind.
4.She (fine) $300 and banned from driving for one month.
5.Have the passengers gone board yet
6.That seems to have (disposal)of most of their arguments.
【答案】1.about 2.are regulated3.tolerance 4.was fined5.on 6.disposed
三.选词填空
carry out，set up，dozens of，in addition，at the same time，the number of
1. ，he served as a visiting professor at several American universities.
2. people have been injured and many vehicles were set on fire.
3.The two sides agreed to a commission to investigate the accident.
4.I myself will firmly this plan.
5.You can do this and accomplish more .
6. the cars supposes that the city traffic would get busier and busier.
【答案】1.In addition2.Dozens of3.set up4.carry out5.at the same time6.The number of
四.补全/翻译句子
1.In the great effort not to offend，we .(end up)
为了尽量不冒犯人，我们最终什么也没说。
2.I couldn’t put into my study .(with的复合结构)
孩子们在外面吵闹，我没法集中精力学习。
3.Since there is always extreme weather，a lot of people begin to environment protection.(concern)
由于总是出现极端天气，许多人开始关心环保。
4.众所周知，光比声音传播得快。(it作形式主语)
.
5.人们相信健康重于财富。(it is believed that...)
.
【答案】1.end up saying nothing2.with the children making noise outside3.show concern for 4.It is known to all that light travels faster than sound5.It is believed that health is above wealth.
五.课文语法填空
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist 1.____________ (destination)in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Its reputation has had negative effects 2.____________ the river’s water quality.The water quality had suffered greatly from an 3.____________ (increase)volume of tourists，with more household and commercial waste 4.____________ (end)up in the river.
A comprehensive initiative 5.____________ (start)，with a number of measures 6.____________ addressed the issues.The local government set up strict regulations 7.____________ (regard) further industrial development.Furthermore，the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental 8.____________ (aware)and encourage greater use of clean energy.In addition，the ambitious “Water Ten Plan”and the “River Chief system” are now tackling water pollution across the country.With such campaigns 9.____________ effect，China’s waterways are heading towards 10.____________ clean and sustainable future.
【语篇解读】 本文分析了漓江的水污染原因及治理措施。
【答案】1.destinations 考查词性转换。前面有one of“……之一”，后面的名词应用复数形式。
2.on 考查固定搭配。have an effect on/have effects on“对……产生影响”。
3.increasing 考查词性转换。此处需填形容词来修饰后面的名词volume。increasing“不断增长的”。
4.ending 考查非谓语动词。本句是一个简单句。谓语动词是had suffered，此处只能用非谓语动词，end与waste“废物”构成主动关系，故用现在分词。
5.was started 考查时态和语态。句意为“启动了一项综合性倡议，采取了一系列措施来解决这些问题。”，主语为initiative“倡议”，故用被动语态。
6.that 考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为measures，定语从句缺少主语，故用that。
7.regarding 考查词性转换。句意为“当地政府对进一步的工业发展制定了严格的规章制度。”regarding prep.关于；至于。
8.awareness 考查词性转换。environmental awareness“环保意识”。
9.in 考查固定搭配。in effect“生效”。句意“随着这些运动的实施，中国的水道正在走向清洁和可持续的未来。”
10.a 考查冠词。名词future前有形容词clean and sustainable修饰，前面需用不定冠词。
【提 能 练】
一.七选五
We all have to make decisions all the time，and we have an abundance of choices，ranging from tiny issues to vital ones.Unfortunately，people often find it hard to make decisions.__1__ If you would like to improve your skill of decision making，here are four suggestions for you.
Don’t expect to have it all.
__2__ You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu.And there will be paths not taken，careers not chosen，to name but a few.You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must，but do not let them take up too much space in your brain.
__3__
It’s often good to think through your decisions.But don’t overdo it.Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce，which makes it confusing more than clarifying.Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition(直觉) as on careful assessment of endless data.
Don’t delay making decisions.
Yes，there is a time to put off making a decision.Perhaps you need more information.__4__ Or it’s likely that you wait for a less stressful time.Just don’t wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness.
Don’t be hard on yourself.
You decide to go on a voyage.You choose an expensive liner.Everything should work out just right.Only you didn’t expect a bug that ran around on the ship，making you and your family sick for five days.__5__ But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.
A.Don’t spend too much time thinking.
B.It is an important source of information.
C.You may regret making such a stupid decision.
D.Don’t count on emotion to make decisions.
E.Maybe you wish to consult with your adviser.
F.Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities.
G.That means the skill of good decision making counts a lot.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了提高决策技能的四条建议。
【答案】1.G 根据空处所在位置可知，该句承上启下；根据空前一句“Unfortunately，people often find it hard to make decisions”可知，不幸的是，人们经常发现很难做决定；据此可以推断，做决定的技能很重要，故G项正确。空处下文中的“your skill of decision making”也是提示。
2.F 根据该段小标题“Don’t expect to have it all”可知，该段主要论述“不要求全责备”；结合空后的“You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu.And there will be paths not taken，careers not chosen，to name but a few”可知，决定迫使我们关闭其他可能性的大门，故F项正确。
3.A 根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标题；结合本段第一、二句“It’s often good to think through your decisions.But don’t overdo it”可知，该段主要论述“不要费时思虑太多”这一观点，故A项正确。
4.E 根据空前的“there is a time to put off making a decision”可知，空处与空前一句和空后一句都为延迟做决定的可能原因，故E项“你可能希望咨询你的顾问”符合语境。
5.C 根据该段小标题“Don’t be hard on yourself”可知，不要太苛求自己；结合空后一句“But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes”可知，你要记住这是不可避免的事情；据此可以推断，空处表示“你可能会对你愚蠢的决定后悔”，故C项正确。
二.完形填空
Once a fine blacksmith (铁匠) named Walukaga was brought to the king.Several servants appeared with some iron.“You must change this __1__ into a man，” said the king.“Not just a __2__，but a living man who can walk and talk.” Everyone knew if anyone failed to __3__ an order，he would be put to death.
One evening，walking through a __4__ area，he discovered a boyhood friend who had become mad and lived alone.Walukaga had __5__ else to do，so he decided to tell the king’s __6__ to him.To his __7__，the fellow listened to the end without __8__ “I know what to do，” said the madman immediately.“Tell the king that to make the man，you must have one hundred pots of tears of his people，__9__ only tears may keep your fire __10__ at the right temperature.”
On hearing such good advice，the blacksmith __11__ to the king’s palace.After he explained what he must have the king was quite __12__.But try as the people might，it was impossible to __13__ enough tears.Finally the king said，“My people can never __14__ one hundred pots with tears.I therefore __15__ you from your task.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。国王命令铁匠用铁铸造一个活人，否则就会处死他，左右为难的铁匠偶遇一个儿时的朋友，这个朋友的建议拯救了铁匠。
1.A.metal B.rock C.solid D.bar
【答案】 A 根据语境及空前一句中的“some iron”可知，此处表示国王要求铁匠一定要把金属(metal)变成一个人。
2.A.picture B.statue C.fancy D.doll
【答案】 B 根据空后的“but a living man who can walk and talk”可推知，国王要求铁匠用金属铸造成一个会走路、会说话的活人，而不是一尊雕塑(statue)。
3.A.put up B.work out C.give up D.carry out
【答案】 D 根据语境可知，此处表示每个人都知道任何没有执行(carry out)命令的人，最终都会被处死。
4.A.frozen B.contented C.deserted D.preserved
【答案】 C 根据该句中的“become mad and lived alone”可推知，他穿过一个荒芜的(deserted)区域。
5.A.none B.much C.something D.nothing
【答案】 D 根据空后的“so he decided to tell the king’s...”可知，他没有什么(nothing)其他的事情可做。
6.A.information B.message C.demand D.offer
【答案】 C 根据上文中的“Everyone knew if anyone failed to ________ an order”可知，此处表示告诉他国王的命令(demand)。
7.A.relief B.surprise C.delight D.disappointment
【答案】 B 根据语境可知，此处表示让他惊讶(surprise)的是，他的朋友听他讲述国王的命令，从头听到尾却没有打断(interrupting)他。
8.A.interrupting B.nodding C.smiling D.understanding
【答案】 A 参见上题解析。
9.A.since B.while C.when D.if
【答案】 A 根据语境可知，此处上文形成因果关系，前果后因，故选A。
10.A.setting B.spreading C.burning D.lighting
【答案】 C 根据语境可知，此处表示因为只有眼泪才能让你的火在合适的温度燃烧(burning)。
11.A.held on B.lived up C.got down D.hurried off
【答案】 D 听到这么好的建议后，铁匠匆忙离开(hurried off)来到国王的宫殿。hold on意为“别挂断，坚持住”。
12.A.annoyed B.agreeable C.cautious D.awkward
【答案】 B 根据空后一句“But try...enough tears.”可知，国王欣然同意铁匠的要求。
13.A.collect B.find C.win D.keep
【答案】 A 根据上文中的“you must have one hundred pots of tears of his people”可知，此处表示收集(collect)足够多的眼泪。
14.A.supply B.combine C.put D.fill
【答案】 D 根据语境可知，国王说他的人民永远不能把一百个罐装满(fill)泪水。
15.A.shelter B.free C.keep D.protect
【答案】 B 根据上文国王无法实现铁匠提出的要求可推知，国王因此免去了他的任务。
三.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The event that stands out in Tom’s memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different.
“Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop.” someone shouted.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him.The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.
Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room.They rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke.
They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane suddenly stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed her.
Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them，who they called Makcik.Jane began banging on Makcik’s door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighbors—some still in their pajamas (睡衣)—running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind.
“She would have run for safety like everyone else！” Tom cried.However，Jane refused to give up.“I know Makcik’s still inside.” She said she was familiar with Makcik’s daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded against the door.“Go downstairs.Go now! Go！”
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Tom noticed the flame (火焰) was reaching up.
Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.
【参考范文】
Tom__noticed__the__flame__was__reaching__up. Frozen with fear，he stood rooted to the spot.He comprehended the gravity of the situation and held Jane’s hand tightly.Both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still，though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible.Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head.She kept pounding against the door.Tom burst out crying.
Luckily，some__neighbors__passing__by__stopped__and__offered__help. A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane’s mind.She told them Ms.Makcik must be still in the room.They forced the door open with all their might.Sure enough，Makcik was lying in bed，unconscious.She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital，where she finally came to herself.People in the neighborhood felt relieved and Jane and Tom were very happy.Unit 3 Environmental Protection-Using Language
词汇短语过关斩将
一.默写单词
1. n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
2. n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
3. n. 垃圾；废物
4. n. 公司；企业；事业
5. n. (一)打；十二个
6. vt. 对………处以罚款
7. n. 运动；战役vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动
8. n. 水道；航道
9. n. 议程表；议事日程
二.拓展词汇
1.originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立→ n.起源；开始
2.restore vt.恢复；使复原；修复→ n.恢复
3.conserve vt.保存→ n.对(环境、文物等)保护；保持
4.regulate vt.调节；规定；控制→ n.章程；规章制度
5.dispose vt.& vi.处理；安排→ n.去掉；清除；处理
6.inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅→ n.检查；查看；视察
7.tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→ n.宽容；忍受
三.翻译短语
1. 有助于；导致；把时间投入到……
2. 最终
3. 许多；很多
4. 建立；开业；竖立
5. 执行；实行；贯彻
6. 实际上；生效
基础句法精益求精
1.Water pollution levels increased， .(教材P32)水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。
2.With these measures， the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.(教材P33)有了这些措施，人们相信漓江的美丽将世世代代保存下来。
【基 础 练】
一.单词拼写
1.The measures are intended to (恢复)public confidence in the economy.
2.For the government，education is now at the top of the (议程表).
3.The head went on a tour of (视察) of all the classrooms.
4.Today police launched a (运动)to reduce road accidents.
5.There are more than 400 miles of (航道) to explore in the area.
6.There are plenty of small industrial (企业) in this area.
7.Environmental (保护) has been a hot topic in recent years.
8.Don’t forget to take out the (垃圾).
二.单句语法填空
1.People are concerned the quality of the air they breathe.
2.The activities of credit companies (regulation) by law.
3.She had no (tolerate) for jokes of any kind.
4.She (fine) $300 and banned from driving for one month.
5.Have the passengers gone board yet
6.That seems to have (disposal)of most of their arguments.
三.选词填空
carry out，set up，dozens of，in addition，at the same time，the number of
1. ，he served as a visiting professor at several American universities.
2. people have been injured and many vehicles were set on fire.
3.The two sides agreed to a commission to investigate the accident.
4.I myself will firmly this plan.
5.You can do this and accomplish more .
6. the cars supposes that the city traffic would get busier and busier.
四.补全/翻译句子
1.In the great effort not to offend，we .(end up)
为了尽量不冒犯人，我们最终什么也没说。
2.I couldn’t put into my study .(with的复合结构)
孩子们在外面吵闹，我没法集中精力学习。
3.Since there is always extreme weather，a lot of people begin to environment protection.(concern)
由于总是出现极端天气，许多人开始关心环保。
4.众所周知，光比声音传播得快。(it作形式主语)
.
5.人们相信健康重于财富。(it is believed that...)
.
五.课文语法填空
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist 1.____________ (destination)in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Its reputation has had negative effects 2.____________ the river’s water quality.The water quality had suffered greatly from an 3.____________ (increase)volume of tourists，with more household and commercial waste 4.____________ (end)up in the river.
A comprehensive initiative 5.____________ (start)，with a number of measures 6.____________ addressed the issues.The local government set up strict regulations 7.____________ (regard) further industrial development.Furthermore，the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental 8.____________ (aware)and encourage greater use of clean energy.In addition，the ambitious “Water Ten Plan”and the “River Chief system” are now tackling water pollution across the country.With such campaigns 9.____________ effect，China’s waterways are heading towards 10.____________ clean and sustainable future.
【提 能 练】
一.七选五
We all have to make decisions all the time，and we have an abundance of choices，ranging from tiny issues to vital ones.Unfortunately，people often find it hard to make decisions.__1__ If you would like to improve your skill of decision making，here are four suggestions for you.
Don’t expect to have it all.
__2__ You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu.And there will be paths not taken，careers not chosen，to name but a few.You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must，but do not let them take up too much space in your brain.
__3__
It’s often good to think through your decisions.But don’t overdo it.Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce，which makes it confusing more than clarifying.Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition(直觉) as on careful assessment of endless data.
Don’t delay making decisions.
Yes，there is a time to put off making a decision.Perhaps you need more information.__4__ Or it’s likely that you wait for a less stressful time.Just don’t wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness.
Don’t be hard on yourself.
You decide to go on a voyage.You choose an expensive liner.Everything should work out just right.Only you didn’t expect a bug that ran around on the ship，making you and your family sick for five days.__5__ But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.
A.Don’t spend too much time thinking.
B.It is an important source of information.
C.You may regret making such a stupid decision.
D.Don’t count on emotion to make decisions.
E.Maybe you wish to consult with your adviser.
F.Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities.
G.That means the skill of good decision making counts a lot.
二.完形填空
Once a fine blacksmith (铁匠) named Walukaga was brought to the king.Several servants appeared with some iron.“You must change this __1__ into a man，” said the king.“Not just a __2__，but a living man who can walk and talk.” Everyone knew if anyone failed to __3__ an order，he would be put to death.
One evening，walking through a __4__ area，he discovered a boyhood friend who had become mad and lived alone.Walukaga had __5__ else to do，so he decided to tell the king’s __6__ to him.To his __7__，the fellow listened to the end without __8__ “I know what to do，” said the madman immediately.“Tell the king that to make the man，you must have one hundred pots of tears of his people，__9__ only tears may keep your fire __10__ at the right temperature.”
On hearing such good advice，the blacksmith __11__ to the king’s palace.After he explained what he must have the king was quite __12__.But try as the people might，it was impossible to __13__ enough tears.Finally the king said，“My people can never __14__ one hundred pots with tears.I therefore __15__ you from your task.”
1.A.metal B.rock C.solid D.bar
2.A.picture B.statue C.fancy D.doll
3.A.put up B.work out C.give up D.carry out
4.A.frozen B.contented C.deserted D.preserved
5.A.none B.much C.something D.nothing
6.A.information B.message C.demand D.offer
7.A.relief B.surprise C.delight D.disappointment
8.A.interrupting B.nodding C.smiling D.understanding
9.A.since B.while C.when D.if
10.A.setting B.spreading C.burning D.lighting
11.A.held on B.lived up C.got down D.hurried off
12.A.annoyed B.agreeable C.cautious D.awkward
13.A.collect B.find C.win D.keep
14.A.supply B.combine C.put D.fill
15.A.shelter B.free C.keep D.protect
三.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The event that stands out in Tom’s memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different.
“Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop.” someone shouted.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him.The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.
Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room.They rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke.
They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane suddenly stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed her.
Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them，who they called Makcik.Jane began banging on Makcik’s door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighbors—some still in their pajamas (睡衣)—running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind.
“She would have run for safety like everyone else！” Tom cried.However，Jane refused to give up.“I know Makcik’s still inside.” She said she was familiar with Makcik’s daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded against the door.“Go downstairs.Go now! Go！”
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Tom noticed the flame (火焰) was reaching up.
Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.
