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江西省宜丰县中2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
Master Gardener Volunteers
Wanted
Why Become a Master
Gardener
The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer
organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills
while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture, and so on!
Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general
well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management
practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing
environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and
by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and
vegetable production.
What Qualifications Must You
Meet
Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener—you don't
need to be an expert or have a degree. You do, however, need to:
●Have certain experience or know a little about
gardening or landscape management.
●Be willing to share horticulture information with
others.
●Be willing to attend a training program and can
devote time to volunteering and continuing education.
Besides, to become a Master Gardener volunteer,
each applicant needs to complete an application, prepare background screening
paperwork and schedule an interview with Extension staff.
What Does the Training
Involve
Training sessions are offered one day a week over a
three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region. Approximately
60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer
internship (实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified. In
order to remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hours of volunteer work and 10
hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year.
1．What does a Master Gardener do
A．Help raise people's quality of life by horticulture.
B．Teach the youth about diets and agriculture.
C．Promote horticultural practices at home.
D．Train volunteers to help with gardening.
2．What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener
A．Acquiring excellent teaching skills.
B．Having some relevant knowledge.
C．Completing given training sessions.
D．Obtaining rich volunteer experience.
3．How long will it take to become a qualified Master Gardener
A．A year. B．Three months.
C．About 160 hours. D．About 120 hours.
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读理解
This week, my social media feed was flooded with pictures of a festival that is typically celebrated in March in Nepal. For me growing up, the festival, which is a Nepalese tradition, had less regional significance and was largely cultural, providing me with a day to play with color and water with my beloved family and friends.
As an international student, being away from home means being disconnected from cultural traditions. While a cultural disconnect is unavoidable, when I see the news headlines or posts that friends share on social media, being ignorant about what's happening hack home fills me with penitence. It had been a while since I read articles about what was happening in Nepal. Even catching up with family members and old friends takes weeks to achieve.
In all honesty, I don't know how to do a better job of keeping up to date with everything when focused on classes and work, and adjusting to college life. The news cycles in the US and at home are changing constantly, and can sometimes feel astonishing. But at least here in Rochester, the everyday chat keeps you knowing what's happening outside the campus. Keeping up with news from home, however, requires the extra individual effort I just can't spare time for while dealing with everything else I have to do here.
Talking to other international students, I find the feeling seems to be common for many of us. Maybe that's just the reality of living abroad, and all we can do is our best. But with the opportunity to celebrate the festival away from home with friends at the university and learn to forgive myself for not staying up to date with what's happening in my country, I know what I have at present is exactly what I need to hold dear and deserves my deep gratefulness.
4．What did the author regard the festival as
A．A connection with her hometown.
B．A chance to have fun with loved ones.
C．A tradition featuring color and water.
D．A holiday reflecting cultural uniqueness.
5．What does the underlined word "penitence" mean in paragraph 2
A．Guilt. B．Hope. C．Admiration. D．Surprise.
6．What mainly caused the author to be disconnected from home
A．Constant changes in Nepal.
B．Lack of channels of getting news.
C．Her tight schedule at school.
D．Different lifestyles at home and abroad.
7．What does the author think of her current life
A．It inspires her to try her best.
B．It should be treasured and appreciated.
C．It needs a change immediately.
D．It's similar to the life of other foreigners.
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读理解
The fish eggs, all 200 of them, were settled and ready to go. The ground crew had counted the eggs carefully, and sealed them tightly within a plate filled precisely to the edge with seawater.
The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket's engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.
Well, they haven't actually left yet. But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. It's a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.
Finally, Cyrille Przybyla, an aquaculture (水产养殖) researcher at the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea who led the research, dreams of designing a lunar fish farm that uses water already on the moon to help feed residents of the future Moon Village set to be established by the European Space Agency (ESA).
Przybyla's hope is to offer lunar residents fresh, inviting, protein-rich fish—not just packets of freeze-dried food. "I proposed the idea to send eggs, not fish, because eggs are very strong," he says.
Besides, Przybyla suggests there will be other benefits for astronauts who may one day find themselves raising animals in space. "From the psychological point of view, it's better to have a reminder of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish," he says.
Designing self-contained and self-supporting systems for food production beyond Earth will be crucial for future space exploration programs, says Luke Roberson, a researcher at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. And he says Przybyla's study is "a great first step" toward showing that aquaculture is a practical part of that future.
8．What is Paragraph 2 writing about
A．An experience. B．An experiment.
C．An imagination. D．An adventure.
9．Why do the researchers want to send the eggs to the moon
A．To offer eggs to astronauts as food.
B．To test whether the eggs are strong.
C．To promote aquaculture on the moon.
D．To see the possibility of raising fish on the moon.
10．What's the psychological advantage of raising animals in space
A．It can get rid of loneliness.
B．It diversifies the space food.
C．It gives astronauts something to do.
D．It helps astronauts remember the Earth.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How to Send Eggs to The Moon
B．A Great First Step towards Future
C．The Plan to Raise Fish on The Moon
D．A Practical Approach to Aquaculture
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读理解
I major in Mechanical Engineering and Political Science. When someone hears what I study, I'm usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word "overachiever" on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) "why ". The short answer: I want to be a problem solver, and engineering teaches me how to become that type of person. In addition, I also want to be able to look at the bigger picture.
It's the beginning of a new year, and a lot of first-years have plans for double or triple majors. However, as most of us quickly realize after that first fall semester, college is a lot! We are unavoidably forced to make choices - do we keep trying to make our double or triple majors work or do we completely switch gears The thing I wished someone told me on day one is if you're passionate about something, it's not going to feel like work. Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it's fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.
This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you're in a race with your peers, you're only running yourself into the ground. Don't double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years. What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.
Always think about your "why" when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it's going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you're doing along the ride for what it's worth.
12．How do people tend to feel about the writer's majors
A．Impressed or puzzled. B．Ashamed or challenged.
C．Satisfied or confused. D．Amazed or concerned.
13．What enables the writer to enjoy learning Political Science
A．The value of studying the Constitution.
B．The influence of learning engineering.
C．His career planning for the future.
D．His enthusiasm for the major.
14．According to the author, what causes multiple majors' hard situation in college
A．Adjusting the schedule for majors constantly.
B．Pursuing multiple majors out of competitive motivation.
C．Making random choices without sufficient consideration.
D．Estimating the difficulty of multiple majoring inaccurately.
15．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To promote the concept of multiple majoring.
B．To explain the reasons for choosing a double major.
C．To compare the gains and losses of multiple majoring.
D．To stress the significance of passion in multiple majoring.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people find it hard to say no, even when they are over-stressed, over-booked and just too busy to take on anything else. 16． . But it's important to learn how to say no to people and their requests. Being unable can contribute to more stress, which may eventually turn to resentment (怨恨).
17． . This article discusses some strategies you can use to set boundaries, protect your personal time and say no more often.
I'm sorry – I can't do this right now
Sometimes, it helps to wait and think about whether you can take on a commitment. It's usually best not to rush into things. 18． . Most reasonable people will accept this as an answer, so if someone keeps pressuring you, they're being rude.
Let me think about it
If you're uncomfortable being firm or are dealing with pushy people, it's OK to say, "Let me think about it and get back to you." 19． .
This strategy also allows you to think about whether you want to say "yes" to another commitment. To decide, do a cost-benefit analysis and then get back to them with a yes or no.
20．
If you would really like to do what they're requesting, but don't have the time, it's fine to say no to all or part of the request but mention a lesser commitment that you can make. This way you'll still be partially involved, but it will be on your own terms.
A. I can't do this, but I can do that
B. If you struggle with this, then you're not alone
C. I wish I could, but I have a lot going on right now
D. This gives you a chance to review your schedule and consider your options
E. Luckily, you can learn how to say no to people without causing hurt feelings
F. If pressured, reply that it doesn't fit into your schedule and change the subject
G. You have every right to ensure you have time for the things that are important to you
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My job is to help clients find jobs and return to school for training. One day, a lady came to my office with a dream to become a registered nurse. However, her family did not 21． . With young children to care for and her husband unemployed, she simply didn't have the 22． to return to school.
It was clear that this lady had a(n) 23． for the nursing profession, so I encouraged her to realize her dream. I 24． her with necessary information to apply for nursing school. She left my office, and I never 25． whether she followed her dream or not.
Many years later, I was diagnosed (诊断) with breast cancer. I was 26． to hospital. The surgery was successful. It was, 27． ，very painful. Though I 28． myself on not being a bell ringer, one night the pain was so 29． that I had to call for a nurse. I rang the bell and waited for 30． . A nurse came through the door and offered to help. I 31． thanked her for coming to my rescue. I said, "I am not usually like this."
To my 32． , she said, "Oh, I know that, Mrs. Bryenton." It 33． that she was just the lady who I had encouraged to follow her dream years before. She subsequently (随后) returned to school for upgrading and later 34． nursing.
You never know what 35． your encouraging words will have on someone. It is amazing that many of my clients would return to say thanks to me.
21．A．respond B．approve C．care D．decline
22．A．means B．qualities C．right D．invitation
23．A．talent B．experience C．passion D．ability
24．A．compared B．occupied C．charged D．equipped
25．A．imagined B．considered C．knew D．expected
26．A．exposed B．admitted C．refused D．referred
27．A．instead B．therefore C．however D．otherwise
28．A．prided B．depended C．concentrated D．impressed
29．A．sharp B．constant C．slight D．mild
30．A．consultation B．sympathy C．assessment D．assistance
31．A．dynamically B．apologetically C．shyly D．crucially
32．A．delight B．relief C．disappointment D．amazement
33．A．turned out B．turned up C．came out D．came up
34．A．dismissed B．evaluated C．applied for D．accounted for
35．A．hardship B．impact C．emphasis D．mercy
四、语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）语法填空
Young Chinese are fighting against society through a simple act of resistance: lying down. Examples of the "tangping", or "lying flat", way of life 36． (include) not getting married, not having children, and refusing to work extra hours or to hold a job at all. "I stay at home and sleep and watch television series." said Zhang, who described herself as "lying flat" for the last two weeks 37． leaving her job in the film industry in Wuxi.
"Tangping" 38． (emerge) over the last few months. Some compare them to the 1950s Beat Generation in the United States. 39． (other) call their behavior a form of nonviolent resistance. "People realize there is no upward mobility," said Yicheng Wang, a PhD student in political science at Boston University. The term developed after 40． April post on the Tieba forum, whose author, unemployed for the last two years, described a low-effort, low-cost lifestyle consisting of just a few months' work out of the year.
"Lying flat is my movement," he 41． (write), referring to the Greek philosopher Diogenes, who was known for living in a large container. He posted a picture of himself lying in bed in the middle of the day with the curtains 42． (draw).
But as "tangping" gained 43． (popular), it also brought a level of dishonor. Nanfang Daily called the philosophy "shameful". Global Times made light of it describing "lying flat" as "not a serious philosophy".
For Zhang in Wuxi, lying flat is not about giving up or withdrawing from society. "Many people want to lie down because 996 is too 44． (tire)," she said, referring to the constant hours common in tech industry, 45． the staff are expected to work from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. , six days a week. The philosophy is also about giving oneself a break.
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46．（2022·模拟）假定你是李华,你校英语俱乐部正在开展以"TeamSpirit"为主题的讨论活动,请你就此话题写一篇短文参与活动,内容包括:
1）团队精神的重要性;
2）如何培养团队精神;
3）向同学们发出倡议。
注意：
1）词数100左右;
2）可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Team
Spirit
47．（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Christmas Day was coming. I was just a kid then, and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus. I fled to my Grandma because she would be straight with me. I knew Grandma always told me the truth. Grandma was home, and I told her everything. She was ready for me. "No Santa Claus!" She shouted. "Ridiculous! Don't believe it. That rumor has been going around for years, and it makes me mad, plain mad."
"Now, put on your coat, and let's go."
"Go where, Grandma " I asked. "Where" turned out to be Kerby's General Store. the one store in town that had a little bit of just about everything. As we walked through its doors, Grandma handed me ten dollars. "Take this money." she said, "and buy something for someone who needs it. I'll wait for you in the car." Then she turned and walked out of Kerby's.
I was only eight years old. I'd often gone shopping with my mother, but never had I shopped for anything all by myself. The store seemed big and crowded, full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping. For a few moments I just stood there, confused, holding that ten-dollar bill, wondering what to buy and who to buy it for. I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker, who was a kid with bad breath and messy hair. He sat right behind me in Mrs. Pollock's grade-two class.
Bobby Decker didn't have a coat. I knew that because he never went out for recess(休息) during the winter. His mother always wrote a note, telling the teacher that he had a cough, but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didn't have a cough, and he didn't have a coat. I fingered the ten dollar bill with growing excitement. I would buy Bobby Decker a coat! I settled on a red one, which looked really warm, and he would like that.
"Is this a Christmas present for someone " the lady behind the counter asked kindly, as I laid my ten dollars down. "Yes."
The nice lady smiled at me, put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右;
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.
……
Grandma and I waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker's front door to open.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一篇园艺大师志愿者的招聘广告。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一则广告，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据 Why Become a Master Gardener 部分中的"Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.”园艺大师通过帮助人们找到家庭和城市自然资源的合理管理方法，通过人与植物的互动和园艺治疗创造令人愉悦的环境，通过家庭水果和蔬菜生产促进安全、丰富的食物供应，使人们参与活动，以改善他们的总体福祉和全面的生活享受。可知，园艺大师通过园艺疗法帮助提高人们的生活质量。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据What Qualifications Must You Meet 部分中的"Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management. ”对园艺或景观管理有一定经验或略知一二。可知，如果你想申请成为园艺大师，需要有一定的相关知识。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据 Why Become a Master Gardener 部分中的"Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship (实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified.”大约需要60小时的课堂教学和实地研究以及60小时的志愿者实习工作才能完成该项目并获得认证。可知，成为一名合格的园艺师需要的时间是60h+60h=120h。故选D。
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；记叙文；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者是一名留学生，社交媒体上推送的有关故乡传统节日的图片引发了她对国外生活的思考，使其明白了故乡的节日对留学生的意义。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中"For me growing up, the festival... providing me with a day to play with color and water with my beloved family and friends"在我的成长过程中，这个尼泊尔传统节日的地域意义不大，很大程度上是文化的，让我有一天可以和我爱的家人和朋友一起玩颜色和水。可知，作者将这个节日视为和所爱的家人及朋友一起庆祝、玩乐的日子。故选B。
5．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"being away from home means being disconnected from cultural traditions."离家意味着与文化传统脱节；以及画线词所在句中的转折词While和下文提到的作者对故乡关注不够，和家人及朋友联系少，可推断“ While a cultural disconnect is unavoidable, when I see the news headlines or posts that friends share on social media, being ignorant about what's happening hack home fills me with penitence. ”表达的是"虽然文化上的脱节是不可避免的，但当作者看到新闻提要或朋友们在社交媒体上分享的帖子时，她还是会为没有及时了解故乡发生的事情而感到内疚"，guilt是"内疚，悔恨"可解释画线词的意思。故选A。
6．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"I don't know how to do a better job of keeping up to date with everything when focused on classes and work, and adjusting to college life."我不知道怎样才能在专注于课堂和工作，适应大学生活的同时，更好地跟上所有事情的进展；以及"Keeping up with news from home, however, requires the extra individual effort I just can't spare time for while dealing with everything else I have to do here."然而，了解来自家里的消息需要我额外的个人努力，我无法在处理我必须在这里做的所有其他事情的同时抽出时间。可知，作者因为校园生活太忙而没有时间关注故乡的消息，这导致作者和故乡脱节了。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"But with the opportunity to celebrate the festival away from home with friends at the university and learn to forgive myself for not staying up to date with what's happening in my country, I know what I have at present is exactly what I need to hold dear and deserves my deep gratefulness."但是有机会在离家很远的地方和大学里的朋友们一起庆祝这个节日，并学会原谅自己没有跟上国家所发生的事情，我知道我现在所拥有的正是我需要珍惜的，值得我深深的感激。可推知，有机会在大学与朋友一起庆祝节日，并学会原谅自己没有及时了解故乡正在发生的事情让作者知道她目前的生活正是她需要珍惜并深深感激的。 故选B。
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．D
11．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空养鱼计划。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第二段"The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket's engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.”倒计时，然后点火！在整整两分钟的时间里，当火箭发动机爆炸并升空时，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的震动。这些卵正在前往低地球轨道的途中。下一站：月亮；以及第三段中的"Well, they haven't actually left yet.But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. ”但在最近一次旨在重现典型起飞时剧烈震动的模拟之后，法国的研究人员发现鱼卵存活了下来。可知第二段介绍的一次送鱼卵到太空的实验。故选B。
9．考查推理判断。根据第二段"The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket's engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.”倒计时，然后点火!在整整两分钟的时间里，随着火箭引擎的爆炸，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的摇晃，然后升向天空。这些鸡蛋正在飞往近地轨道的途中。下一站:月球；以及第三段中的"It's a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.” 这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养鱼。对第二段进总结。可知研究人员想把这些卵送到月球上，看看在月球上养鱼的可能性。故选D。
10．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"‘From the psychological point of view, it's better to have a reminder of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish,'he says.”“从心理学的 角度来看，最好有一个地球的提醒物——你有一个花园；有一缸鱼，”他说。可知，在太空中饲养动物的心理优势在于，它能帮助宇航员记住地球。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的"It's a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.”这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养鱼；以及后文讲到在太空养鱼的好处及意义。可知文章主要讲解的是太空的养鱼的计划。故选C。
【答案】12．A
13．D
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；议论文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了大学生不要盲目为了竞争而选择多个专业，一定要是因为热情和激情才去选择多个专业。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"When someone hears what I study, I'm usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word ‘overachiever' on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) ‘why '."当有人听到我学习的内容时，我通常会有两种反应。首先是一个小小的微笑并且说"太有成就了"。第二种是困惑的表情，接着是夸张的"为什么？"。可知，当人们听到作者的专业时，有的会很佩服，有的是很困惑。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it's fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation."政治学可能具有挑战性，但对我来说，阅读《宪法》，看看每一个字对我们的解释有什么影响是很有趣的；以及第三段中的"What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do."让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中。可知，是热情和激情使得作者喜欢学习政治学。故选D。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you're in a race with your peers, you're only running yourself into the ground. Don't double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years."这听起来可能很难接受，但如果你是双主修或三主修，因为你认为你在与同龄人竞争，你只是把自己撞到地上。如果你是为了简历上的一个分数而选择双主修或三主修，那么你的生活在接下来的四年里将是一个地狱。可知，在作者看来，选择多个专业让大学生们处在糟糕的状况的原因是，他们只是为了在跟同龄人竞争才选择多个专业的。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do."让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中；以及最后一段"Always think about your‘why'when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it's going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you're doing along the ride for what it's worth."当涉及到一个双主修或三主修课程的时间表时，一定要考虑你的"为什么"。因为在一天结束的时候，是你自己在做家庭作业，所以试着享受你在旅途中所做的一切，因为它是值得的。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是在建议人们要带着激情去选择专业，强调激情在多专业中的重要性。故选D。
【答案】16．B；17．E；18．C；19．D；20．A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，学会拒绝别人和他们的要求是很重要的，作者就此提出一些方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Many people find it hard to say no, even when they are over-stressed, over-booked and just too busy to take on anything else."许多人发现很难说不，即使是在压力过大、超额安排、太忙而没有时间做其他事情的时候。提出许多人很难说"不"，空处应该承接上文，指出如果你也很难说"不"，这是正常的，B. If you struggle with this, then you're not alone"如果你为此挣扎，那么你并不孤单"符合上下文连贯，且句中"this"代指上文提到的内容，故选B。
17．根据空前"But it's important to learn how to say no to people and their requests. Being unable can contribute to more stress, which may eventually turn to resentment "但是学会拒绝别人和他们的要求是很重要的。不会说"不"会导致更多的压力，最终可能变成怨恨，指出学会拒绝别人很重要，如果不会拒绝别人会导致别人怨恨你；以及空后"This article discusses some strategies you can use to set boundaries, protect your personal time and say no more often."这篇文章讨论了一些策略，你可以用来设定界限，保护你的个人时间，并更经常地对别人说"不"。指出有一些策略能帮助你学会拒绝别人，空处应用承上启下，学会拒绝别人很重要，所以你要学习一些策略，下文就此提出一些策略，E. Luckily, you can learn how to say no to people without causing hurt feelings"幸运的是，你可以学会如何在不伤害别人感情的情况下拒绝别人"符合上下文连贯，故选E。
18．根据空前"Sometimes, it helps to wait and think about whether you can take on a commitment. It's usually best not to rush into things."有时候，等待和思考一下你是否能够承担责任是有帮助的。通常最好不要急于求成。指出在别人提出要求后，你要先思考一下自己是否能承担责任，不要急于求成；以及空后"Most reasonable people will accept this as an answer, so if someone keeps pressuring you, they're being rude."大多数通情达理的人都会接受这个答案，所以如果有人一直向你施压，他们就是粗鲁的。指出通情达理的人们会接受这个答案，可知，空处应该指出这个答案具体是什么，即如何不急于求成地回答别人，C. I wish I could, but I have a lot going on right now"我希望我可以，但我现在有很多事要做"符合上下文连贯，故选C。
19．根据空前"If you're uncomfortable being firm or are dealing with pushy people, it's OK to say, ‘Let me think about it and get back to you.' " 如果你不喜欢强硬的态度，或者和咄咄逼人的人打交道，你可以说："让我考虑一下，回头再联系你。"指出你如果对坚定立场感到不舒服，或者正在和咄咄逼人的人打交道，你可以回答"让我考虑一下，然后再给你答复"，空处应该承接上文，指出这样回答的好处，D. This gives you a chance to review your schedule and consider your options"这样你就有机会回顾你的日程安排并考虑你的选择"符合上下文连贯，故选D。
20．根究空后"If you would really like to do what they're requesting, but don't have the time, it's fine to say no to all or part of the request but mention a lesser commitment that you can make."如果你真的想做他们要求的事情，但是没有时间，对所有或者部分要求说"不"是没有关系的，但是要提到一个你可以做出的较小的承诺。可知，本段主要讲了如果你不能做到别人要求的某一件事时，你可以承诺做另外一件事，A. I can't do this, but I can do that"我做不到这件事，但我能做到那件事"能概括出本段内容，故选A。
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．D；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．A；29．A；30．D；31．B；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作为职业规划师，作者在帮助他人的同时也获得了他人的尊重。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：然而，她的家人不同意。A. respond"回应"；B. approve"同意"；C. care"照顾"；D. decline"减少"。根据下文"With young children to care for and her husband unemployed, she simply didn't have the 2 to return to school."可知，她家里又各种困难，所以是家人不同意她回学校进修。故选B。
22．句意：她有年幼的孩子要照顾，她的丈夫失业，她根本没有钱重返学校。A. means"钱财"；B. qualities"质量"；C. right"权利"；D. invitation"邀请"。根据空前"With young children to care for and her husband unemployed"可知，家里有孩子需要照顾，丈夫又失业在家，她没有钱财重返学校。故选A。
23．句意：很明显，这位女士对护士职业很有热情，所以我鼓励她去实现她的梦想。A. talent"才能"；B. experience"经验"；C. passion"激情"；D. ability"能力"。根据空后"so I encouraged her to realize her dream."可推知，做护士是这位女士的梦想，所以应该对护士职业很有热情。故选C。
24．句意：我帮她准备了申请护理学校所需要的信息。A. compared"比较"；B. occupied"占用"；C. charged"控告"；D. equipped"准备"。根据上文"so I encouraged her to realize her dream."可知，"我"鼓励她去实现她的梦想，所以此处应该是"我"帮她准备了申请护理学校所需要的信息。故选D。
25．句意： 她离开了办公室，我不知道她是否追寻了自己的梦想。A. imagined"想象"；B. considered"认为"；C. knew"知道"；D. expected"预料"。根据空后"whether she followed her dream or not."可知，是"我"不知道她是否追寻了自己的梦想。故选C。
26．句意：我住进了医院。A. exposed"暴露"；B. admitted"准许"；C. refused"拒绝"；D. referred"提及"。根据是哪个问"Many years later, I was diagnosed (诊断) with breast cancer"可知，"我"被诊断出乳腺癌，住进了医院。故选B。
27．句意：然而，这是非常痛苦的。A. instead"相反"；B. therefore"因此"；C. however"然而"；D. otherwise"否则"。根据上文"The surgery was successful"以及空后"very painful"可知，尽管手术很成功，但是我感觉很疼。两句间是转折关系。故选C。
28．句意：尽管我为不摁铃呼叫护士而感到自豪，但有一天晚上，疼痛如此剧烈，我不得不叫了一个护士。A. prided"以……自豪"；B. depended"取决于"；C. concentrated "聚精会神"；D. impressed"留下深刻印象"。根据空前"Though"，以及空后"one night the pain was so 9 that I had to call for a nurse."可知，两句间是转折关系，后文是"我"不得不叫护士，结合选项，所以本句是"我"以不叫护士而自豪。故选A。
29．句意：尽管我为不摁铃呼叫护士而感到自豪，但有一天晚上，疼痛如此剧烈，我不得不叫了一个护士。A. sharp"剧烈的"；B. constant"恒定的"；C. slight"轻微的"；D. mild"温和的"。根据上文"It was, 7 , very painful."以及后文"I had to call for a nurse"可知，是疼痛如此剧烈，"我"才不得不叫了一个护士。故选A。
30．句意：我按了铃，等待救援。A. consultation"咨询"；B. sympathy"同情"；C. assessment"评估"；D. assistance"帮助"。根据空前"I rang the bell"可知，"我"按了铃呼叫护士，所以是等待帮助。故选D。
31．句意：我抱歉地感谢她来救我。A. dynamically"充满活力地"；B. apologetically"抱歉地"；C. shyly"羞怯地"；D. crucially"关键性地"。根据下文"I said, ‘I am not usually like this.'"可知，对呼叫护士，"我"很不好意思，所以是感到很抱歉的感谢护士。故选B。
32．句意：令我惊讶的是，她说:"哦，我知道，布莱顿夫人。"。A. delight"高兴"；B. relief"轻松"；C. disappointment"失望"；D. amazement"惊讶"。根据空后"she said, ‘Oh, I know that, Mrs. Bryenton.' "，这位护士竟然认识"我"，知道"我"的习性，让"我"很惊讶。故选D。
33．句意：原来，她正是我多年前鼓励她追寻梦想的那位女士。A. turned out"结果发现"；B. turned up"出现"；C. came out"出版"；D. came up"即将发生"。根据空后"she was just the lady who I had encouraged to follow her dream years before."可知，是"我"发现她是"我"多年前鼓励她追寻梦想的那位女士。故选A。
34．句意：她随后回到学校进修，后来又申请了护理专业。A. dismissed"消除"；B. evaluated"估计"；C. applied for"申请"；D. accounted for" (数量或比例上) 占"。根据上文"I 4 her with necessary information to apply for nursing school."可知，这位女士想要申请的是护士专业，所以她回到学校进修，后来又申请了护理专业。故选C。
35．句意：你永远不知道你的鼓励会对别人产生什么样的影响。A. hardship"困难"；B. impact"影响"；C. emphasis"强调"；D. mercy"仁慈"。根据上文"so I encouraged her to realize her dream."以及"She subsequently returned to school for upgrading and later 14 nursing."可知，"我"鼓励一位女士去追求梦想，她在"我"的鼓励下，最终达成了梦想，所以此处表达"你永远不知道你的鼓励会对别人产生什么样的影响"之意。故选B。
【答案】36．include；37．after；38．has emerged；39．Others；40．an；41．wrote；42．drawn；43．popularity；44．tiring；45．where
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种社会现象——中国年轻人通过"躺平"的生活方式对抗生活压力。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，介词，代词，冠词，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意："躺平"生活方式的例子包括不结婚、不生孩子、拒绝加班或根本不工作。include做谓语动词，陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Examples复数，谓语复数形式。故填include。
37．句意："我呆在家里睡觉，看电视连续剧。"张女士说，她辞去无锡电影业的工作之后，两周都处于"躺平"状态。介词after (在……之后)符合句意。故填after。
38．句意："躺平"在过去几个月出现了。emerge做谓语动词，由时间状语over the last few months可知用现在完成时，主动语态，主语"Tangping"单数，谓语单数形式。故填has emerged。
39．句意：其他人称他们的行为是非暴力抵抗的一种形式。some...others...(一些人……另一些人……)，首字母大写。故填Others。
40．句意：这个词是在4月份贴吧论坛上的一篇帖子后发展而来的，该文章的作者在过去两年中失业，描述了一种低努力、低成本、一年中只有几个月的工作的生活方式。此处泛指"一篇4月份的帖子"，April以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
41．句意："躺平是我的运动，"他写道，提及以睡在大箱子里而闻名的希腊哲学家第欧根尼。事情发生在过去，谓语动词write用一般过去时。故填wrote。
42．句意：他贴了一张自己中午拉着窗帘躺在床上的照片。with复合结构，逻辑主语the curtains和非谓语动词draw是被动关系，draw用过去分词做宾补。故填drawn。
43．句意：但随着"躺平"越来越受欢迎，它也带来了一定程度的耻辱。抽象名词popularity做宾语。故填popularity。
44．句意：她说，"很多人想躺平，因为996太累了"，996指的是科技行业中常见的固定工作时间，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点到晚上9点。主语996是物，用修饰形容物的-ing形容词tiring作表语。故填tiring。
45．句意：她说，"很多人想躺平，因为996太累了"，996指的是科技行业中常见的固定工作时间，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点到晚上9点。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是tech industry，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
46．【答案】One possible version:
Team Spirit
Team spirit is highly appreciated nowadays because having strong team spirit can improve productivity and creativity. I would like to offer some advice on how to develop team spirit.
First, team members should have a common goal they need to achieve. Second, everyone is supposed to take an active part in the project and do his own duty. Third, it's important for team members to communicate with each other and share their experience. By making joint efforts, team members will be able to attain their goal in the end.
As the saying goes, "Teamwork makes the dream work." Let's learn to cooperate with others. With good team spirit, we can expect to get the desired results.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇短文参与活动 。写作背景： 你校英语俱乐部正在开展以"TeamSpirit"为主题的讨论活动 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）团队精神的重要性；2）如何培养团队精神；3）向同学们发出倡议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Team spirit is highly appreciated nowadays because having strong team spirit can improve productivity and creativity.运用了原因状语从句； I would like to offer some advice on how to develop team spirit.运用了“疑问词+不定式”作介词宾语；Third, it's important for team members to communicate with each other and share their experience. 运用了it作形式主语；As the saying goes, "Teamwork makes the dream work." 运用了名言警句；Let's learn to cooperate with others. 运用了祈使句。
47．【答案】 That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper. She wrote "To Bobby, From Santa Claus" on it, after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker's house, explaining I was officially one of Santa's helpers. Grandma parked down the street from Bobby's house, and I took a deep breath, and dashed for his front door. Seeing no other people notice us, I put the Christmas present down, pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I hid in the car.
Grandma and I waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker's front door to open. Out went Bobby Decker. Seeing the coat in the bag, he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out. After hearing them say "Thanks" to Santa Claus, I felt very proud of what I had done. At that time, I decided to be Santa's helper forever. It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者的姐姐告诉作者世界上没有圣诞老人，作者逃到奶奶那里想要听奶奶说实话，结果奶奶把作者带到一个商店，给了作者10美元，让作者给有需要的人买东西，于是作者给班里坐在自己后面的Bobby Decker买了一件红色的外套。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"那天晚上，奶奶帮我用圣诞包装纸把外套包好。"可知，第一段可描写作者和奶奶去给Bobby Decker送外套的经过。②由第二段首句内容"奶奶和我气喘吁吁地等着Bobby Decker的前门打开。"可知，第二段可描写Bobby Decker收到外套后的反应，以及这件事后作者的内心活动，作者为自己的所作所为感到非常自豪，决定永远做圣诞老人的帮手。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：She wrote "To Bobby, From Santa Claus" on it, after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker's house, explaining I was officially one of Santa's helpers.运用了非限制性定语从句，现在分词作状语，宾语从句； Grandma parked down the street from Bobby's house, and I took a deep breath, and dashed for his front door.运用了并列句； Seeing no other people notice us, I put the Christmas present down, pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I hid in the car. 运用了并列句；Out went Bobby Decker.运用了倒装句； Seeing the coat in the bag, he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out. 运用了现在分词作状语；After hearing them say "Thanks" to Santa Claus, I felt very proud of what I had done. 运用了宾语从句； It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree.运用了强调句，限制性定语从句。
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江西省宜丰县中2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
Master Gardener Volunteers
Wanted
Why Become a Master
Gardener
The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer
organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills
while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture, and so on!
Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general
well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management
practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing
environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and
by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and
vegetable production.
What Qualifications Must You
Meet
Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener—you don't
need to be an expert or have a degree. You do, however, need to:
●Have certain experience or know a little about
gardening or landscape management.
●Be willing to share horticulture information with
others.
●Be willing to attend a training program and can
devote time to volunteering and continuing education.
Besides, to become a Master Gardener volunteer,
each applicant needs to complete an application, prepare background screening
paperwork and schedule an interview with Extension staff.
What Does the Training
Involve
Training sessions are offered one day a week over a
three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region. Approximately
60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer
internship (实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified. In
order to remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hours of volunteer work and 10
hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year.
1．What does a Master Gardener do
A．Help raise people's quality of life by horticulture.
B．Teach the youth about diets and agriculture.
C．Promote horticultural practices at home.
D．Train volunteers to help with gardening.
2．What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener
A．Acquiring excellent teaching skills.
B．Having some relevant knowledge.
C．Completing given training sessions.
D．Obtaining rich volunteer experience.
3．How long will it take to become a qualified Master Gardener
A．A year. B．Three months.
C．About 160 hours. D．About 120 hours.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一篇园艺大师志愿者的招聘广告。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一则广告，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据 Why Become a Master Gardener 部分中的"Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy (园艺疗法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.”园艺大师通过帮助人们找到家庭和城市自然资源的合理管理方法，通过人与植物的互动和园艺治疗创造令人愉悦的环境，通过家庭水果和蔬菜生产促进安全、丰富的食物供应，使人们参与活动，以改善他们的总体福祉和全面的生活享受。可知，园艺大师通过园艺疗法帮助提高人们的生活质量。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据What Qualifications Must You Meet 部分中的"Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management. ”对园艺或景观管理有一定经验或略知一二。可知，如果你想申请成为园艺大师，需要有一定的相关知识。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据 Why Become a Master Gardener 部分中的"Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship (实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified.”大约需要60小时的课堂教学和实地研究以及60小时的志愿者实习工作才能完成该项目并获得认证。可知，成为一名合格的园艺师需要的时间是60h+60h=120h。故选D。
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读理解
This week, my social media feed was flooded with pictures of a festival that is typically celebrated in March in Nepal. For me growing up, the festival, which is a Nepalese tradition, had less regional significance and was largely cultural, providing me with a day to play with color and water with my beloved family and friends.
As an international student, being away from home means being disconnected from cultural traditions. While a cultural disconnect is unavoidable, when I see the news headlines or posts that friends share on social media, being ignorant about what's happening hack home fills me with penitence. It had been a while since I read articles about what was happening in Nepal. Even catching up with family members and old friends takes weeks to achieve.
In all honesty, I don't know how to do a better job of keeping up to date with everything when focused on classes and work, and adjusting to college life. The news cycles in the US and at home are changing constantly, and can sometimes feel astonishing. But at least here in Rochester, the everyday chat keeps you knowing what's happening outside the campus. Keeping up with news from home, however, requires the extra individual effort I just can't spare time for while dealing with everything else I have to do here.
Talking to other international students, I find the feeling seems to be common for many of us. Maybe that's just the reality of living abroad, and all we can do is our best. But with the opportunity to celebrate the festival away from home with friends at the university and learn to forgive myself for not staying up to date with what's happening in my country, I know what I have at present is exactly what I need to hold dear and deserves my deep gratefulness.
4．What did the author regard the festival as
A．A connection with her hometown.
B．A chance to have fun with loved ones.
C．A tradition featuring color and water.
D．A holiday reflecting cultural uniqueness.
5．What does the underlined word "penitence" mean in paragraph 2
A．Guilt. B．Hope. C．Admiration. D．Surprise.
6．What mainly caused the author to be disconnected from home
A．Constant changes in Nepal.
B．Lack of channels of getting news.
C．Her tight schedule at school.
D．Different lifestyles at home and abroad.
7．What does the author think of her current life
A．It inspires her to try her best.
B．It should be treasured and appreciated.
C．It needs a change immediately.
D．It's similar to the life of other foreigners.
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；记叙文；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者是一名留学生，社交媒体上推送的有关故乡传统节日的图片引发了她对国外生活的思考，使其明白了故乡的节日对留学生的意义。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中"For me growing up, the festival... providing me with a day to play with color and water with my beloved family and friends"在我的成长过程中，这个尼泊尔传统节日的地域意义不大，很大程度上是文化的，让我有一天可以和我爱的家人和朋友一起玩颜色和水。可知，作者将这个节日视为和所爱的家人及朋友一起庆祝、玩乐的日子。故选B。
5．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"being away from home means being disconnected from cultural traditions."离家意味着与文化传统脱节；以及画线词所在句中的转折词While和下文提到的作者对故乡关注不够，和家人及朋友联系少，可推断“ While a cultural disconnect is unavoidable, when I see the news headlines or posts that friends share on social media, being ignorant about what's happening hack home fills me with penitence. ”表达的是"虽然文化上的脱节是不可避免的，但当作者看到新闻提要或朋友们在社交媒体上分享的帖子时，她还是会为没有及时了解故乡发生的事情而感到内疚"，guilt是"内疚，悔恨"可解释画线词的意思。故选A。
6．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"I don't know how to do a better job of keeping up to date with everything when focused on classes and work, and adjusting to college life."我不知道怎样才能在专注于课堂和工作，适应大学生活的同时，更好地跟上所有事情的进展；以及"Keeping up with news from home, however, requires the extra individual effort I just can't spare time for while dealing with everything else I have to do here."然而，了解来自家里的消息需要我额外的个人努力，我无法在处理我必须在这里做的所有其他事情的同时抽出时间。可知，作者因为校园生活太忙而没有时间关注故乡的消息，这导致作者和故乡脱节了。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"But with the opportunity to celebrate the festival away from home with friends at the university and learn to forgive myself for not staying up to date with what's happening in my country, I know what I have at present is exactly what I need to hold dear and deserves my deep gratefulness."但是有机会在离家很远的地方和大学里的朋友们一起庆祝这个节日，并学会原谅自己没有跟上国家所发生的事情，我知道我现在所拥有的正是我需要珍惜的，值得我深深的感激。可推知，有机会在大学与朋友一起庆祝节日，并学会原谅自己没有及时了解故乡正在发生的事情让作者知道她目前的生活正是她需要珍惜并深深感激的。 故选B。
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读理解
The fish eggs, all 200 of them, were settled and ready to go. The ground crew had counted the eggs carefully, and sealed them tightly within a plate filled precisely to the edge with seawater.
The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket's engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.
Well, they haven't actually left yet. But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. It's a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.
Finally, Cyrille Przybyla, an aquaculture (水产养殖) researcher at the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea who led the research, dreams of designing a lunar fish farm that uses water already on the moon to help feed residents of the future Moon Village set to be established by the European Space Agency (ESA).
Przybyla's hope is to offer lunar residents fresh, inviting, protein-rich fish—not just packets of freeze-dried food. "I proposed the idea to send eggs, not fish, because eggs are very strong," he says.
Besides, Przybyla suggests there will be other benefits for astronauts who may one day find themselves raising animals in space. "From the psychological point of view, it's better to have a reminder of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish," he says.
Designing self-contained and self-supporting systems for food production beyond Earth will be crucial for future space exploration programs, says Luke Roberson, a researcher at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. And he says Przybyla's study is "a great first step" toward showing that aquaculture is a practical part of that future.
8．What is Paragraph 2 writing about
A．An experience. B．An experiment.
C．An imagination. D．An adventure.
9．Why do the researchers want to send the eggs to the moon
A．To offer eggs to astronauts as food.
B．To test whether the eggs are strong.
C．To promote aquaculture on the moon.
D．To see the possibility of raising fish on the moon.
10．What's the psychological advantage of raising animals in space
A．It can get rid of loneliness.
B．It diversifies the space food.
C．It gives astronauts something to do.
D．It helps astronauts remember the Earth.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How to Send Eggs to The Moon
B．A Great First Step towards Future
C．The Plan to Raise Fish on The Moon
D．A Practical Approach to Aquaculture
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．D
11．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空养鱼计划。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第二段"The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket's engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.”倒计时，然后点火！在整整两分钟的时间里，当火箭发动机爆炸并升空时，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的震动。这些卵正在前往低地球轨道的途中。下一站：月亮；以及第三段中的"Well, they haven't actually left yet.But after a recent simulation (模拟) designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived. ”但在最近一次旨在重现典型起飞时剧烈震动的模拟之后，法国的研究人员发现鱼卵存活了下来。可知第二段介绍的一次送鱼卵到太空的实验。故选B。
9．考查推理判断。根据第二段"The countdown, and then—ignition (点火)! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a violent shaking as the rocket's engines exploded to life, and then rise to the heavens. These eggs were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.”倒计时，然后点火!在整整两分钟的时间里，随着火箭引擎的爆炸，这些珍贵的鸡蛋遭受了剧烈的摇晃，然后升向天空。这些鸡蛋正在飞往近地轨道的途中。下一站:月球；以及第三段中的"It's a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.” 这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养鱼。对第二段进总结。可知研究人员想把这些卵送到月球上，看看在月球上养鱼的可能性。故选D。
10．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"‘From the psychological point of view, it's better to have a reminder of Earth–you have a garden; you have a tank with fish,'he says.”“从心理学的 角度来看，最好有一个地球的提醒物——你有一个花园；有一缸鱼，”他说。可知，在太空中饲养动物的心理优势在于，它能帮助宇航员记住地球。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的"It's a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully raise fish on a future moon base.”这是月球孵化计划进展中的一个重要发现，该计划旨在确定宇航员能否在未来的月球基地成功养鱼；以及后文讲到在太空养鱼的好处及意义。可知文章主要讲解的是太空的养鱼的计划。故选C。
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读理解
I major in Mechanical Engineering and Political Science. When someone hears what I study, I'm usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word "overachiever" on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) "why ". The short answer: I want to be a problem solver, and engineering teaches me how to become that type of person. In addition, I also want to be able to look at the bigger picture.
It's the beginning of a new year, and a lot of first-years have plans for double or triple majors. However, as most of us quickly realize after that first fall semester, college is a lot! We are unavoidably forced to make choices - do we keep trying to make our double or triple majors work or do we completely switch gears The thing I wished someone told me on day one is if you're passionate about something, it's not going to feel like work. Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it's fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.
This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you're in a race with your peers, you're only running yourself into the ground. Don't double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years. What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.
Always think about your "why" when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it's going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you're doing along the ride for what it's worth.
12．How do people tend to feel about the writer's majors
A．Impressed or puzzled. B．Ashamed or challenged.
C．Satisfied or confused. D．Amazed or concerned.
13．What enables the writer to enjoy learning Political Science
A．The value of studying the Constitution.
B．The influence of learning engineering.
C．His career planning for the future.
D．His enthusiasm for the major.
14．According to the author, what causes multiple majors' hard situation in college
A．Adjusting the schedule for majors constantly.
B．Pursuing multiple majors out of competitive motivation.
C．Making random choices without sufficient consideration.
D．Estimating the difficulty of multiple majoring inaccurately.
15．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To promote the concept of multiple majoring.
B．To explain the reasons for choosing a double major.
C．To compare the gains and losses of multiple majoring.
D．To stress the significance of passion in multiple majoring.
【答案】12．A
13．D
14．B
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；议论文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了大学生不要盲目为了竞争而选择多个专业，一定要是因为热情和激情才去选择多个专业。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"When someone hears what I study, I'm usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word ‘overachiever' on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) ‘why '."当有人听到我学习的内容时，我通常会有两种反应。首先是一个小小的微笑并且说"太有成就了"。第二种是困惑的表情，接着是夸张的"为什么？"。可知，当人们听到作者的专业时，有的会很佩服，有的是很困惑。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it's fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation."政治学可能具有挑战性，但对我来说，阅读《宪法》，看看每一个字对我们的解释有什么影响是很有趣的；以及第三段中的"What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do."让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中。可知，是热情和激情使得作者喜欢学习政治学。故选D。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you're in a race with your peers, you're only running yourself into the ground. Don't double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years."这听起来可能很难接受，但如果你是双主修或三主修，因为你认为你在与同龄人竞争，你只是把自己撞到地上。如果你是为了简历上的一个分数而选择双主修或三主修，那么你的生活在接下来的四年里将是一个地狱。可知，在作者看来，选择多个专业让大学生们处在糟糕的状况的原因是，他们只是为了在跟同龄人竞争才选择多个专业的。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do."让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中；以及最后一段"Always think about your‘why'when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it's going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you're doing along the ride for what it's worth."当涉及到一个双主修或三主修课程的时间表时，一定要考虑你的"为什么"。因为在一天结束的时候，是你自己在做家庭作业，所以试着享受你在旅途中所做的一切，因为它是值得的。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是在建议人们要带着激情去选择专业，强调激情在多专业中的重要性。故选D。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people find it hard to say no, even when they are over-stressed, over-booked and just too busy to take on anything else. 16． . But it's important to learn how to say no to people and their requests. Being unable can contribute to more stress, which may eventually turn to resentment (怨恨).
17． . This article discusses some strategies you can use to set boundaries, protect your personal time and say no more often.
I'm sorry – I can't do this right now
Sometimes, it helps to wait and think about whether you can take on a commitment. It's usually best not to rush into things. 18． . Most reasonable people will accept this as an answer, so if someone keeps pressuring you, they're being rude.
Let me think about it
If you're uncomfortable being firm or are dealing with pushy people, it's OK to say, "Let me think about it and get back to you." 19． .
This strategy also allows you to think about whether you want to say "yes" to another commitment. To decide, do a cost-benefit analysis and then get back to them with a yes or no.
20．
If you would really like to do what they're requesting, but don't have the time, it's fine to say no to all or part of the request but mention a lesser commitment that you can make. This way you'll still be partially involved, but it will be on your own terms.
A. I can't do this, but I can do that
B. If you struggle with this, then you're not alone
C. I wish I could, but I have a lot going on right now
D. This gives you a chance to review your schedule and consider your options
E. Luckily, you can learn how to say no to people without causing hurt feelings
F. If pressured, reply that it doesn't fit into your schedule and change the subject
G. You have every right to ensure you have time for the things that are important to you
【答案】16．B；17．E；18．C；19．D；20．A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，学会拒绝别人和他们的要求是很重要的，作者就此提出一些方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Many people find it hard to say no, even when they are over-stressed, over-booked and just too busy to take on anything else."许多人发现很难说不，即使是在压力过大、超额安排、太忙而没有时间做其他事情的时候。提出许多人很难说"不"，空处应该承接上文，指出如果你也很难说"不"，这是正常的，B. If you struggle with this, then you're not alone"如果你为此挣扎，那么你并不孤单"符合上下文连贯，且句中"this"代指上文提到的内容，故选B。
17．根据空前"But it's important to learn how to say no to people and their requests. Being unable can contribute to more stress, which may eventually turn to resentment "但是学会拒绝别人和他们的要求是很重要的。不会说"不"会导致更多的压力，最终可能变成怨恨，指出学会拒绝别人很重要，如果不会拒绝别人会导致别人怨恨你；以及空后"This article discusses some strategies you can use to set boundaries, protect your personal time and say no more often."这篇文章讨论了一些策略，你可以用来设定界限，保护你的个人时间，并更经常地对别人说"不"。指出有一些策略能帮助你学会拒绝别人，空处应用承上启下，学会拒绝别人很重要，所以你要学习一些策略，下文就此提出一些策略，E. Luckily, you can learn how to say no to people without causing hurt feelings"幸运的是，你可以学会如何在不伤害别人感情的情况下拒绝别人"符合上下文连贯，故选E。
18．根据空前"Sometimes, it helps to wait and think about whether you can take on a commitment. It's usually best not to rush into things."有时候，等待和思考一下你是否能够承担责任是有帮助的。通常最好不要急于求成。指出在别人提出要求后，你要先思考一下自己是否能承担责任，不要急于求成；以及空后"Most reasonable people will accept this as an answer, so if someone keeps pressuring you, they're being rude."大多数通情达理的人都会接受这个答案，所以如果有人一直向你施压，他们就是粗鲁的。指出通情达理的人们会接受这个答案，可知，空处应该指出这个答案具体是什么，即如何不急于求成地回答别人，C. I wish I could, but I have a lot going on right now"我希望我可以，但我现在有很多事要做"符合上下文连贯，故选C。
19．根据空前"If you're uncomfortable being firm or are dealing with pushy people, it's OK to say, ‘Let me think about it and get back to you.' " 如果你不喜欢强硬的态度，或者和咄咄逼人的人打交道，你可以说："让我考虑一下，回头再联系你。"指出你如果对坚定立场感到不舒服，或者正在和咄咄逼人的人打交道，你可以回答"让我考虑一下，然后再给你答复"，空处应该承接上文，指出这样回答的好处，D. This gives you a chance to review your schedule and consider your options"这样你就有机会回顾你的日程安排并考虑你的选择"符合上下文连贯，故选D。
20．根究空后"If you would really like to do what they're requesting, but don't have the time, it's fine to say no to all or part of the request but mention a lesser commitment that you can make."如果你真的想做他们要求的事情，但是没有时间，对所有或者部分要求说"不"是没有关系的，但是要提到一个你可以做出的较小的承诺。可知，本段主要讲了如果你不能做到别人要求的某一件事时，你可以承诺做另外一件事，A. I can't do this, but I can do that"我做不到这件事，但我能做到那件事"能概括出本段内容，故选A。
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My job is to help clients find jobs and return to school for training. One day, a lady came to my office with a dream to become a registered nurse. However, her family did not 21． . With young children to care for and her husband unemployed, she simply didn't have the 22． to return to school.
It was clear that this lady had a(n) 23． for the nursing profession, so I encouraged her to realize her dream. I 24． her with necessary information to apply for nursing school. She left my office, and I never 25． whether she followed her dream or not.
Many years later, I was diagnosed (诊断) with breast cancer. I was 26． to hospital. The surgery was successful. It was, 27． ，very painful. Though I 28． myself on not being a bell ringer, one night the pain was so 29． that I had to call for a nurse. I rang the bell and waited for 30． . A nurse came through the door and offered to help. I 31． thanked her for coming to my rescue. I said, "I am not usually like this."
To my 32． , she said, "Oh, I know that, Mrs. Bryenton." It 33． that she was just the lady who I had encouraged to follow her dream years before. She subsequently (随后) returned to school for upgrading and later 34． nursing.
You never know what 35． your encouraging words will have on someone. It is amazing that many of my clients would return to say thanks to me.
21．A．respond B．approve C．care D．decline
22．A．means B．qualities C．right D．invitation
23．A．talent B．experience C．passion D．ability
24．A．compared B．occupied C．charged D．equipped
25．A．imagined B．considered C．knew D．expected
26．A．exposed B．admitted C．refused D．referred
27．A．instead B．therefore C．however D．otherwise
28．A．prided B．depended C．concentrated D．impressed
29．A．sharp B．constant C．slight D．mild
30．A．consultation B．sympathy C．assessment D．assistance
31．A．dynamically B．apologetically C．shyly D．crucially
32．A．delight B．relief C．disappointment D．amazement
33．A．turned out B．turned up C．came out D．came up
34．A．dismissed B．evaluated C．applied for D．accounted for
35．A．hardship B．impact C．emphasis D．mercy
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．D；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．A；29．A；30．D；31．B；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作为职业规划师，作者在帮助他人的同时也获得了他人的尊重。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：然而，她的家人不同意。A. respond"回应"；B. approve"同意"；C. care"照顾"；D. decline"减少"。根据下文"With young children to care for and her husband unemployed, she simply didn't have the 2 to return to school."可知，她家里又各种困难，所以是家人不同意她回学校进修。故选B。
22．句意：她有年幼的孩子要照顾，她的丈夫失业，她根本没有钱重返学校。A. means"钱财"；B. qualities"质量"；C. right"权利"；D. invitation"邀请"。根据空前"With young children to care for and her husband unemployed"可知，家里有孩子需要照顾，丈夫又失业在家，她没有钱财重返学校。故选A。
23．句意：很明显，这位女士对护士职业很有热情，所以我鼓励她去实现她的梦想。A. talent"才能"；B. experience"经验"；C. passion"激情"；D. ability"能力"。根据空后"so I encouraged her to realize her dream."可推知，做护士是这位女士的梦想，所以应该对护士职业很有热情。故选C。
24．句意：我帮她准备了申请护理学校所需要的信息。A. compared"比较"；B. occupied"占用"；C. charged"控告"；D. equipped"准备"。根据上文"so I encouraged her to realize her dream."可知，"我"鼓励她去实现她的梦想，所以此处应该是"我"帮她准备了申请护理学校所需要的信息。故选D。
25．句意： 她离开了办公室，我不知道她是否追寻了自己的梦想。A. imagined"想象"；B. considered"认为"；C. knew"知道"；D. expected"预料"。根据空后"whether she followed her dream or not."可知，是"我"不知道她是否追寻了自己的梦想。故选C。
26．句意：我住进了医院。A. exposed"暴露"；B. admitted"准许"；C. refused"拒绝"；D. referred"提及"。根据是哪个问"Many years later, I was diagnosed (诊断) with breast cancer"可知，"我"被诊断出乳腺癌，住进了医院。故选B。
27．句意：然而，这是非常痛苦的。A. instead"相反"；B. therefore"因此"；C. however"然而"；D. otherwise"否则"。根据上文"The surgery was successful"以及空后"very painful"可知，尽管手术很成功，但是我感觉很疼。两句间是转折关系。故选C。
28．句意：尽管我为不摁铃呼叫护士而感到自豪，但有一天晚上，疼痛如此剧烈，我不得不叫了一个护士。A. prided"以……自豪"；B. depended"取决于"；C. concentrated "聚精会神"；D. impressed"留下深刻印象"。根据空前"Though"，以及空后"one night the pain was so 9 that I had to call for a nurse."可知，两句间是转折关系，后文是"我"不得不叫护士，结合选项，所以本句是"我"以不叫护士而自豪。故选A。
29．句意：尽管我为不摁铃呼叫护士而感到自豪，但有一天晚上，疼痛如此剧烈，我不得不叫了一个护士。A. sharp"剧烈的"；B. constant"恒定的"；C. slight"轻微的"；D. mild"温和的"。根据上文"It was, 7 , very painful."以及后文"I had to call for a nurse"可知，是疼痛如此剧烈，"我"才不得不叫了一个护士。故选A。
30．句意：我按了铃，等待救援。A. consultation"咨询"；B. sympathy"同情"；C. assessment"评估"；D. assistance"帮助"。根据空前"I rang the bell"可知，"我"按了铃呼叫护士，所以是等待帮助。故选D。
31．句意：我抱歉地感谢她来救我。A. dynamically"充满活力地"；B. apologetically"抱歉地"；C. shyly"羞怯地"；D. crucially"关键性地"。根据下文"I said, ‘I am not usually like this.'"可知，对呼叫护士，"我"很不好意思，所以是感到很抱歉的感谢护士。故选B。
32．句意：令我惊讶的是，她说:"哦，我知道，布莱顿夫人。"。A. delight"高兴"；B. relief"轻松"；C. disappointment"失望"；D. amazement"惊讶"。根据空后"she said, ‘Oh, I know that, Mrs. Bryenton.' "，这位护士竟然认识"我"，知道"我"的习性，让"我"很惊讶。故选D。
33．句意：原来，她正是我多年前鼓励她追寻梦想的那位女士。A. turned out"结果发现"；B. turned up"出现"；C. came out"出版"；D. came up"即将发生"。根据空后"she was just the lady who I had encouraged to follow her dream years before."可知，是"我"发现她是"我"多年前鼓励她追寻梦想的那位女士。故选A。
34．句意：她随后回到学校进修，后来又申请了护理专业。A. dismissed"消除"；B. evaluated"估计"；C. applied for"申请"；D. accounted for" (数量或比例上) 占"。根据上文"I 4 her with necessary information to apply for nursing school."可知，这位女士想要申请的是护士专业，所以她回到学校进修，后来又申请了护理专业。故选C。
35．句意：你永远不知道你的鼓励会对别人产生什么样的影响。A. hardship"困难"；B. impact"影响"；C. emphasis"强调"；D. mercy"仁慈"。根据上文"so I encouraged her to realize her dream."以及"She subsequently returned to school for upgrading and later 14 nursing."可知，"我"鼓励一位女士去追求梦想，她在"我"的鼓励下，最终达成了梦想，所以此处表达"你永远不知道你的鼓励会对别人产生什么样的影响"之意。故选B。
四、语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）语法填空
Young Chinese are fighting against society through a simple act of resistance: lying down. Examples of the "tangping", or "lying flat", way of life 36． (include) not getting married, not having children, and refusing to work extra hours or to hold a job at all. "I stay at home and sleep and watch television series." said Zhang, who described herself as "lying flat" for the last two weeks 37． leaving her job in the film industry in Wuxi.
"Tangping" 38． (emerge) over the last few months. Some compare them to the 1950s Beat Generation in the United States. 39． (other) call their behavior a form of nonviolent resistance. "People realize there is no upward mobility," said Yicheng Wang, a PhD student in political science at Boston University. The term developed after 40． April post on the Tieba forum, whose author, unemployed for the last two years, described a low-effort, low-cost lifestyle consisting of just a few months' work out of the year.
"Lying flat is my movement," he 41． (write), referring to the Greek philosopher Diogenes, who was known for living in a large container. He posted a picture of himself lying in bed in the middle of the day with the curtains 42． (draw).
But as "tangping" gained 43． (popular), it also brought a level of dishonor. Nanfang Daily called the philosophy "shameful". Global Times made light of it describing "lying flat" as "not a serious philosophy".
For Zhang in Wuxi, lying flat is not about giving up or withdrawing from society. "Many people want to lie down because 996 is too 44． (tire)," she said, referring to the constant hours common in tech industry, 45． the staff are expected to work from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. , six days a week. The philosophy is also about giving oneself a break.
【答案】36．include；37．after；38．has emerged；39．Others；40．an；41．wrote；42．drawn；43．popularity；44．tiring；45．where
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种社会现象——中国年轻人通过"躺平"的生活方式对抗生活压力。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，介词，代词，冠词，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意："躺平"生活方式的例子包括不结婚、不生孩子、拒绝加班或根本不工作。include做谓语动词，陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Examples复数，谓语复数形式。故填include。
37．句意："我呆在家里睡觉，看电视连续剧。"张女士说，她辞去无锡电影业的工作之后，两周都处于"躺平"状态。介词after (在……之后)符合句意。故填after。
38．句意："躺平"在过去几个月出现了。emerge做谓语动词，由时间状语over the last few months可知用现在完成时，主动语态，主语"Tangping"单数，谓语单数形式。故填has emerged。
39．句意：其他人称他们的行为是非暴力抵抗的一种形式。some...others...(一些人……另一些人……)，首字母大写。故填Others。
40．句意：这个词是在4月份贴吧论坛上的一篇帖子后发展而来的，该文章的作者在过去两年中失业，描述了一种低努力、低成本、一年中只有几个月的工作的生活方式。此处泛指"一篇4月份的帖子"，April以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
41．句意："躺平是我的运动，"他写道，提及以睡在大箱子里而闻名的希腊哲学家第欧根尼。事情发生在过去，谓语动词write用一般过去时。故填wrote。
42．句意：他贴了一张自己中午拉着窗帘躺在床上的照片。with复合结构，逻辑主语the curtains和非谓语动词draw是被动关系，draw用过去分词做宾补。故填drawn。
43．句意：但随着"躺平"越来越受欢迎，它也带来了一定程度的耻辱。抽象名词popularity做宾语。故填popularity。
44．句意：她说，"很多人想躺平，因为996太累了"，996指的是科技行业中常见的固定工作时间，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点到晚上9点。主语996是物，用修饰形容物的-ing形容词tiring作表语。故填tiring。
45．句意：她说，"很多人想躺平，因为996太累了"，996指的是科技行业中常见的固定工作时间，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点到晚上9点。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是tech industry，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46．（2022·模拟）假定你是李华,你校英语俱乐部正在开展以"TeamSpirit"为主题的讨论活动,请你就此话题写一篇短文参与活动,内容包括:
1）团队精神的重要性;
2）如何培养团队精神;
3）向同学们发出倡议。
注意：
1）词数100左右;
2）可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Team
Spirit
【答案】One possible version:
Team Spirit
Team spirit is highly appreciated nowadays because having strong team spirit can improve productivity and creativity. I would like to offer some advice on how to develop team spirit.
First, team members should have a common goal they need to achieve. Second, everyone is supposed to take an active part in the project and do his own duty. Third, it's important for team members to communicate with each other and share their experience. By making joint efforts, team members will be able to attain their goal in the end.
As the saying goes, "Teamwork makes the dream work." Let's learn to cooperate with others. With good team spirit, we can expect to get the desired results.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇短文参与活动 。写作背景： 你校英语俱乐部正在开展以"TeamSpirit"为主题的讨论活动 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）团队精神的重要性；2）如何培养团队精神；3）向同学们发出倡议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Team spirit is highly appreciated nowadays because having strong team spirit can improve productivity and creativity.运用了原因状语从句； I would like to offer some advice on how to develop team spirit.运用了“疑问词+不定式”作介词宾语；Third, it's important for team members to communicate with each other and share their experience. 运用了it作形式主语；As the saying goes, "Teamwork makes the dream work." 运用了名言警句；Let's learn to cooperate with others. 运用了祈使句。
47．（2023高二下·宜丰开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Christmas Day was coming. I was just a kid then, and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus. I fled to my Grandma because she would be straight with me. I knew Grandma always told me the truth. Grandma was home, and I told her everything. She was ready for me. "No Santa Claus!" She shouted. "Ridiculous! Don't believe it. That rumor has been going around for years, and it makes me mad, plain mad."
"Now, put on your coat, and let's go."
"Go where, Grandma " I asked. "Where" turned out to be Kerby's General Store. the one store in town that had a little bit of just about everything. As we walked through its doors, Grandma handed me ten dollars. "Take this money." she said, "and buy something for someone who needs it. I'll wait for you in the car." Then she turned and walked out of Kerby's.
I was only eight years old. I'd often gone shopping with my mother, but never had I shopped for anything all by myself. The store seemed big and crowded, full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping. For a few moments I just stood there, confused, holding that ten-dollar bill, wondering what to buy and who to buy it for. I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker, who was a kid with bad breath and messy hair. He sat right behind me in Mrs. Pollock's grade-two class.
Bobby Decker didn't have a coat. I knew that because he never went out for recess(休息) during the winter. His mother always wrote a note, telling the teacher that he had a cough, but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didn't have a cough, and he didn't have a coat. I fingered the ten dollar bill with growing excitement. I would buy Bobby Decker a coat! I settled on a red one, which looked really warm, and he would like that.
"Is this a Christmas present for someone " the lady behind the counter asked kindly, as I laid my ten dollars down. "Yes."
The nice lady smiled at me, put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右;
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.
……
Grandma and I waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker's front door to open.
【答案】 That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper. She wrote "To Bobby, From Santa Claus" on it, after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker's house, explaining I was officially one of Santa's helpers. Grandma parked down the street from Bobby's house, and I took a deep breath, and dashed for his front door. Seeing no other people notice us, I put the Christmas present down, pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I hid in the car.
Grandma and I waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker's front door to open. Out went Bobby Decker. Seeing the coat in the bag, he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out. After hearing them say "Thanks" to Santa Claus, I felt very proud of what I had done. At that time, I decided to be Santa's helper forever. It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者的姐姐告诉作者世界上没有圣诞老人，作者逃到奶奶那里想要听奶奶说实话，结果奶奶把作者带到一个商店，给了作者10美元，让作者给有需要的人买东西，于是作者给班里坐在自己后面的Bobby Decker买了一件红色的外套。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"那天晚上，奶奶帮我用圣诞包装纸把外套包好。"可知，第一段可描写作者和奶奶去给Bobby Decker送外套的经过。②由第二段首句内容"奶奶和我气喘吁吁地等着Bobby Decker的前门打开。"可知，第二段可描写Bobby Decker收到外套后的反应，以及这件事后作者的内心活动，作者为自己的所作所为感到非常自豪，决定永远做圣诞老人的帮手。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：She wrote "To Bobby, From Santa Claus" on it, after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker's house, explaining I was officially one of Santa's helpers.运用了非限制性定语从句，现在分词作状语，宾语从句； Grandma parked down the street from Bobby's house, and I took a deep breath, and dashed for his front door.运用了并列句； Seeing no other people notice us, I put the Christmas present down, pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I hid in the car. 运用了并列句；Out went Bobby Decker.运用了倒装句； Seeing the coat in the bag, he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out. 运用了现在分词作状语；After hearing them say "Thanks" to Santa Claus, I felt very proud of what I had done. 运用了宾语从句； It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree.运用了强调句，限制性定语从句。
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