短文填空
题型解读———短文填空
“短文填空”是检测学生语言知识在语篇层面上的运用能力,即在理解和把握语篇的基础上进
行恰当的甄别、判断和选择,正确、得体地运用语法、词汇、词组、句型和语言结构的能力。 其主要测
试形式为:设置“语义”空格,要求学生根据文章的逻辑思路和语言结构选出并正确填写答案,使语
篇在形式和意思上均达到完整、连贯。
短文填空和单项选择、完形填空三者共同形成一个完整的测试体系,其中短文填空题在难度上
与单项选择题、完形填空题呈递进状态,是三者中难度系数最大的,能有效检测学生在实际情境中
内化了的语言能力,较好地体现了选拔考试的特点和要求。
获取、处理语篇信息,是学生积极主动与语篇建构意义的过程。 在这一过程中,学生必须学会
以“主题”为统领,以“语篇”为载体,运用恰当的阅读策略,进行预测、获取、分析、比较、评价、创新等
思维活动,在真正“吃透”文本的基础上进行恰当的甄别、判断和选择,正确、得体地运用所给选择项
中的词汇,使语篇完形且完意,从而达到训练思维能力、发展思维品质的目的。
【2022·成都中考】
先花 5 分钟的时间静心阅读并自行解题,然后对照解析说明,学习解题技能,提升思维品质。
短文填空。 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词
限用一次)。 (共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,计 10 分)
clear, complete, excite, follow, health, interview, luck, shine, silence, ten, touch, well
When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered and clapped.
Then it was Niu s turn. The audience suddenly became 1 . However, after four or five
seconds, Niu 2 heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool!”
Niu Yu, 24, became a(n) 3 star at Shanghai Fashion Week for her confidence,
even though she was wearing a prosthetic leg. When Niu was only 11, she 4 lost her
right leg during the Wenchuan Earthquake.
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Niu has won lots of praise. This gives those who have prejudice(偏见) against the disabled a hit on
the nose. “ I 5 by something they said. They said the traditional view was that sports were for people
with 6 legs, but sports should be a kind of spirit. Even though I have lost a leg, I still deeply love
sports and will do so forever,” Niu said. Actually, Niu first drew the public s attention when she 7 a
marathon — a 42-kilometer race in 2018, which was held in Wenchuan to mark the 8 anniversary(周
年纪念) of the earthquake.
Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 850,000 9 on social platforms, such as
Douyin. “ I feel I have a social responsibility to bridge the disabled and the public. Showing my life to the
public can allow them to 10 understand our group and can also tell other disabled people that our so-
ciety is more tolerant(宽容) than they imagined,” she explained.
1. silent became 后接形容词作表语,结合选词及“When the other models appeared on the stage, the
audience cheered and clapped. ”和“suddenly”可知,此处指的是“突然安静了”,故填 silent。
2. clearly 根据“ heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, ‘So cool! ”及选词可知,此处
用副词修饰动词,指的是“清楚地听到”,故填 clearly。
3. shining 空处修饰其后的名词,应用形容词作定语。 结合选词可知,此处指的是“耀眼的明星”,
故填 shining。
4. unluckily 根据“ lost her right leg”及选词可知,失去右腿是不幸地。 空处修饰动词,应用副词形
式,故填 unluckily。
5. was touched 根据“by something they said”及选词可知,牛钰被他们的话感动了。 主语与动词之
间是被动关系,应用被动语态。 描述过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填 was touched。
6. healthy 根据“ the traditional view was that sports were for people”及选词和常识可知,传统的观念
认为运动是有健康的腿的人们才能做的。 空处用形容词修饰其后的名词,故填 healthy。
7. completed 句子缺少谓语,空处应填动词。 结合选词及“a marathon”可知,此处指的是“完成马
拉松”。 发生在过去的动作,动词用过去式,故填 completed。
8. tenth 空处修饰“anniversary of the earthquake”,结合选词可知,此处用序数词 tenth“第十”修饰,
故填 tenth。
9. followers 根据“more than 850,000 on social platforms, such as Douyin”及选词可知,拥有 85 万
多追随者。 此处名词用复数形式,故填 followers。
10. better / well 空处修饰动词“understand”,应用副词形式。 此处也可以表示暗含着与之前的比
较,故可以用副词原级,也可以用比较级形式,故填 better / well。
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题型专练———短文填空
短文填空。 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词
限用一次)。
A
accident, appear, care, early, everything, know, mark, popular, remain, someone, surface, wide
On October 30th, Ado Campeol who ran a restaurant passed away at the age of 93. He 1 as “ the
father of tiramisu” .
Tiramisu translates into English as “pick me up” . According to the BBC, it was a(n) 2 inven-
tion. And it has been 3 accepted for about 40 years. One day, cook Roberto wanted to make ice-
cream. However, he 4 dropped some cheese into the bowl. He was so amazed and ran to tell his boss
Campeol. Campeol and his wife Alba added some coffee-flavored biscuits and covered the 5 with
cocoa powder to improve the dessert. In 1972, tiramisu was on the list of his restaurant s menu.
When the dish 6 in the local newspaper in 1981, it got tons of attention and became worldwide.
“The 7 of tiramisu has risen around because it could be eaten as a dessert, but would be an
amazing choice at breakfast as well,” noted National Geographic.
Many people want to make their 8 and create their own dessert. 9 from pumpkin to lemon to
matcha(抹茶) has been added to it. In order to stick to the 10 way to make tiramisu, an Italian poli-
tician(政治家), Luca Zaia, called on the European Union to give the dish protected status(状态) in
2013.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
B
arrive, closely, come, happy, how, little, much, other, quickly, warm, what, you
On a cold morning that December, my brother Rick and I were sent to Uncle Tommie s on the other
side of Little Mountain to get a goose for Christmas dinner.
That morning, dark clouds 1 together overhead. I knew it was going to snow on the mountain.
When we 2 , Uncle Tommie was already waiting for us. “Boys, I m not rushing you off,” he said,
“but the wind is picking up. You d better get the goose and head for home soon. ” After a(n) 3
thank-you and goodbye I took the goose and we left.
Halfway up the mountain, it began to snow heavily. I held the goose 4 to me. By the time we
reached the top of the mountain, it snowed 5 heavily. And the wind seemed to blow straight through
my coat. I stepped in front of Rick. “You must be cold. Open your coat!”
“Are you crazy ” Rick asked. “ I ll lose what little 6 I have!” When he saw I was serious, he
slowly opened his coat. I placed the warm goose inside his coat. Rick sighed 7 . My plan was working.
On the way down, I started to shiver(发抖) . Rick said, “Dave, it s 8 turn now. ” We passed
the goose back and forth(来回地) between us all the way. Finally, we got home.
Sitting at the table, we explained 9 the goose kept us from freezing. “We can t have him for
dinner! This goose help save our lives,” I said.
Later, we named the goose Charley. He lived out his life in the yard, bossing around the chickens and
10 goose we bought to keep him company. A life as the most important bird was fitting for our hero.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
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短文填空。 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词
限用一次)。
A
age, bad, careful, complete, educate, examine, expect, expert, hard, hear, laugh, surprise
In 1998, when the volunteer teacher Han Mei first entered the small mountain village school, she
couldn t believe her eyes. She was 1 to see the sights(情景) in front of her: broken windows, small
old desks and chairs. Even worse, students of different 2 were in the same classroom. It was the only
class in the school. Han Mei realized how poor the local people were in 3 , so she decided to find out
as many ways as she could to help them.
One day when Han Mei was giving a class, Ma Qiang, a naughty(顽皮的) boy, made some noises
for fun. Other kids 4 . At that time Han Mei decided to make good use of the chance to help him.
She walked towards Ma Qiang and asked him to put out his hands. Han Mei stood silently beside Ma
Qiang and looked at them 5 , and then she said with a smile, “ I 6 your little fingers just now. I
know you will become a good doctor in the e on!” 7 this, Ma Qiang was surprised be-
cause nobody had said such words to him before. This was the first time he had heard them. He couldn t
believe that 8 but he remembered what the teacher said in his heart.
After that, Ma Qiang studied much 9 and later he went to college. After many years, just as his
volunteer teacher 10 , he became a famous doctor. Ma Qiang always says his volunteer teacher s en-
couraging words have made what he is.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
B
buy, choose, close, correct, educate, he, instruct, laugh, proper, reply, usually, who
There was once a very wise man who lived in ancient times. He was elderly and 1 .
One day while on a walk, he realized that his shoes were starting to wear out. He knew he had to buy
a new pair. But he didn t want to buy the wrong shoes. He collected some books and spent a lot of time
reading about how to know if a pair of shoes fits 2 .
Following the books 3 , the man took a stick and measured(测量) his feet with it. He then
went to the market. However, he left the stick at home, which was far away from the shop.
By the time the man returned to the market, the shop was 4 . And by that point, his shoes were
completely worn out, so he had to return home barefoot(光脚) .
The next morning, he walked back to the market with bare feet, but the shoes that he 5 the day
before had been sold. The wise man explained what had happened to the shopkeeper, 6 asked,
“Why didn t you buy the shoes yesterday ”
The wise man 7 , “Because I forgot the stick that I had used to measure my feet back home. And
I have to have the right measurements of my feet before I can buy shoes. I didn t want to buy the 8
size. ”
Even more confused, the shopkeeper asked, “But your feet are always with you. Why didn t you just
try the shoes on ”
The wise man said, “All the books say shoes must 9 with the exact same measurements of the
shoes you already own. ”
10 loudly, the shop owner said, “You don t need advice from books to buy shoes. You just need
to have your feet, some money and some common sense. ”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
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短文填空。 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词
限用一次)。
A
cry, do, everything, happen, healthy, possibly, serious, sleep, surprise, though, which, whom
How many times have you told yourself that you can t do something Well, probably you can do it.
Mary was eleven years old and she has something 1 wrong with her nervous system(神经系统) .
She was not able to walk. What was worse, she could hardly move. She still believed that she had a good
chance to get well again, 2 the doctor said that few people could come back to normal after getting
this disease(疾病) . The little girl didn t give up after she heard this. When she was lying in her hospital
bed, she believed that no matter what the doctors said, her going back to school was 3 .
She was sent to a(n) 4 center. Every method was tried and none worked. However, she would
not give up. It seemed that 5 could beat her. The doctors all admired and encouraged her. Every day
Mary would keep 6 exercise carefully with the help of doctors and nurses.
One day, as she was trying to move her legs, and a miracle(奇迹) 7 : The legs began to move!
“Look! My legs are moving! Look! I can do it! I moved!” She 8 excitedly. At this moment, every-
one around Mary was 9 . They had never thought Mary could get well. But now, her legs were really
moving. And only a few years later, she s back to school. You see, to such a person 10 has a strong
will, such a disease is just a small problem. So remember that as long as we still have hope and never give
up, we will finally succeed.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
B
be, contact, conversation, difficult, easy, good, into, out, skill, society, specially, they
It s hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. You need to get 1 of the house and
do things that will help you meet other people. Join in a club or play a sport. You will find that it s 2
to make friends when you have similar interests.
Learn from people at school who seem to make friends easily. Notice what they say and how they act.
Don t copy everything they do, but try some of their 3 . It will help you develop your own 4
style.
Don t be afraid to show people what you re really good at. Talk about the things you like and do
5 . People will want to learn about your interests most.
Think of some topics that would make good 6 . Find out the latest news or listen to the most pop-
ular types of music. The more you have to say, the more people will want to talk with you.
Be a good listener. Let people talk about 7 . Don t try to control the conversation with “me, me,
me” . Ask lots of questions, and show an interest in their answers. This will make people feel 8 , and
they will want to be your friends.
Look people in the eye when you talk to them. If you don t make eye 9 , people may think you re
not interested in them. As a result, they may stop 10 interested in you.
After you make new friends, keep them being a good friend. It s likely that your friends will treat you
in the same way.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
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短文填空。 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词
限用一次)。
A
because, deep, encourage, include, little, physical, press, spread, stand, three, usual, while
Baduanjin is broken down into eight sections. There are different names for each of the movements.
For example, the first movement is called “Support the sky by putting something under it”, and it is also
called “ 1 the sky with two hands” . You need to continue raising your hands overhead and rise up on
your feet. The movements are 2 exercises which can help you improve health and feel 3
stressed.
These days, a video of children playing baduanjin is going online. It was created by a group of 4
graders at a primary school in Shanghai as a result of project-based learning. The video was produced on
the topic of health care in autumn. A teacher says it has been a long tradition for their school to encourage
students to learn about the world on the theme they ve chosen by themselves. Most students chose dishes
and desserts they usually have in autumn, 5 this group decided to learn baduanjin and share it with
their classmates, as it has become popular exercise in workplaces, 6 some of their parents offices.
The video was praised by the students and parents who 7 it on their WeChat. Such programs are not
8 homework that can be done in one day with knowledge of subjects but require students to think
9 , do research, work with others and present their findings with different skills. This can not only
help with the independence in study but also improve the ability to work in groups. Students are 10 to
discover problems in real life and find solutions.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
B
actual, child, decide, depend, free, one, parent, remind, responsible, similar, they, water
I recently heard a wonderful new parenting phrase: benign neglect(良性忽视) . It refers to leaving
one s children free to make their own 1 , control their own time, and generally act like adults.
Jeni Marinucci, who 2 introduced me to this phrase, said, “Children are like hearty houseplants
(室内盆栽) . They should 3 abundantly(大量地) and you should ensure they get plenty of sun-
shine. But otherwise, just let them be. ” From a young age, her children have been making their own hair
and other appointments (after she showed them how to do it) . 4 , their time is their own to use as
they wish. On a lazy Saturday, it s up to them to make breakfast and lunch for 5 .
The “ benign neglect approach” may sound unacceptable to some readers. 6 , her approach
would not work for everyone. However, at least she 7 us that our beloved children will spend a far
greater percentage of their lives as adults than they will as children. We parents forget a basic requirement
of our job if we fail to prepare them for that 8 .
“Benign neglect” pays attention to the 9 side of parenting, and doesn t focus entirely on the
children. However, miracles will only happen if I hand over 10 to my growing children. It s like the
old saying: Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a
lifetime.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
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短文填空。 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词
限用一次)。
A
educate, fill, hard, he, hope, invite, never, pick, quiet, relation, responsibility, two
When the apple harvest is coming, all along the roadways the signs go up:“Pick your own!” I never
have to be told 1 .
During the recent apple season, I carried my bag, and 2 Sebastian, a little boy I taught, to pick
apples together with me. At first, he doubted whether something 3 to the computer could be fun, but
he joined me at last. On the ride to the orchard(果园) I talked about apples a lot. By the time we arrived
at the orchard, he was eager 4 apples.
A child, having empty pockets and a mind free of 5 , learns fast. Within minutes of our arrival
Sebastian had adapted(适应) to the orchard, as if he were a resident species in his own right. I could
6 keep up as he ran down the long rows of trees.
Apple picking is rewarding. It s fun. It s also an 7 . And, needless to say, it s work. As I
watched little Sebastian run quickly among the trees, 8 to reach the biggest apple or the reddest, it
struck me that our roles had been turned: He was the teacher, and I the child being taught by example
that apple picking is a happy job.
We 9 our bag to overflowing, but for Sebastian it wasn t enough. He wanted to pick the rest of
the apples. I spoke quietly to 10 about the idea of sharing. And I promised that there would be future
apple harvests.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
B
accident, believe, different, hard, improve, inspire, mean, separate, student, support, wide, wise
With sails(帆) flying in the wind, a wooden Chinese sailing ship stands among teaching buildings.
The ship, 8 meters long and 1.5 meters in 1 , was made by a group of students from No. 8 High
School.
2 by a typical Fujian-style trading ship used during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, about 30
students started building the sailing ship with the help of their teacher in March last year.
It was 3 that the students finished the project successful. “We ve worked together to show our
love for craftsmanship(工艺),” said Zou Haishen, a 17-year-old student. “We call it Jixianghao, 4
good luck to our school and our nation. ”
Building a sailing ship is much 5 than you might think. Zou and his classmates, first made and
laid down a keel(龙骨) along the bottom of the ship 6 it. Then they needed to cut the wood in differ-
ent shapes to make watertight compartments(密封舱) .
“The watertight compartments are like the parts within bamboo. They are 7 from each other,” said
Zou. “So if one or two cabins(船舱) are 8 broken, seawater will not run into the other cabins. ” It s
full of the 9 of the ancients.
After the ship was finished, another group of students started to paint it. Liu Xinyi and Li Beihong,
spent two weeks painting a lion, an ocean and a snake on the ship. They also painted the Jingwei, a bird
trying to fill the sea with stones in a Chinese ancient story.
“ It s so great to develop 10 creativity, improve their hands on skills and inherit(传承) the spirit
of craftsmanship,” said Zhang Shengzhi, a teacher of this project.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
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短文填空。 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词
限用一次)。
A
always, believe, big, close, community, doubt, fail, never, relationship, remind, safety, we
I learned something really early from my family: Even the 1 challenges are less scary when you
solve them as a community.
My brother, sister and cousins were my first group. While we got more and more fights at home, we
never 2 that outside our house, if you made one of us angry, you got all of us.
From school to sports, I was 3 in a class project, club, team or group. From speech and debate
(辩论) to field hockey, when I was in a community, I felt 4 to try for things that seemed out of my
reach. I grew because others pushed me. 5 didn t seem so scary because we were taking risks together.
When a drunk driver killed my father, it was our community that stepped in. It was our family friends
and our community center that stood by 6 . My father had been a high school history teacher, and his
colleagues — now my teachers — began to keep a 7 eye on us.
I don t recommend a parent s death as the way to learn about the power of small 8 , but it did
make me realize that if I looked for bigger challenges with the support of a group, I was going to go for
broader goals and build deeper 9 throughout the journey.
As I sit here tonight with my team of five, I 10 of how much I love these moments — building
something we believe in, that we ll learn from and that we ll do together.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
B
although, decide, die, enjoy, good, manage, much, really, stop, tiring, what, with
Sometimes, the choices you have made prove to be wrong. Don t worry, because it s not the end of
the world! In traffic, what you always do when you see the sign “ROAD CLOSED” is just to turn around
and to find a(n) 1 way. That s exactly what you should do in 2 life. In your life, you will reach
many 3 ends, but you will always find your way to get out of them.
Life is not always a walk in the park. There will be uphills and downhills, bumpy(崎岖的) and
smooth roads. 4 you may fall down when riding on bumpy roads, you will feel excited as well. How-
ever, riding along straight roads 5 bumps can be boring sometimes. So riding on bumpy roads can be
a nice experience as well.
Right or left In your life, there will be some time when you have to make a(n) 6 . You may
want to focus on your studies, so you choose to give up a hobby that you ve had for years. Think twice!
Before putting away the guitar or 7 your dance lessons, you should think how you could divide your
time between study and hobbies. Basically, it s just a question of how 8 your time and energy.
9 you do in life, remember to take it easy. You don t have to run all the time. Sometimes,
running makes life less 10 . It s often better to think it over before taking action. There is really no
rush! You don t have to experience everything before you re twenty!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
36
短文填空。 从下面方框中选出 10 个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词
限用一次)。
A
although, arrive, because, compete, complete, draw, luck, one, other, perform, touch, write
“Long distance never separates bosom friends. ” It s easier to make new friends rather than saying
goodbye to old 1 .
When I was still studying in China, my school held a singing 2 . I signed up because I really
loved singing. I sang with a girl named Jenny. She s one of my best friends. 3 , I was nervous and I
forgot the lyrics for a moment while we sang. I was standing on the stage, looking pale in the face. We
lost the contest. I felt so sorry. Jenny tried to comfort me by saying, “There will be 4 chance. ”
After about a week, our school s art festival began. I decided to enter it. The first person I thought of
to join me was Jenny, 5 I wasn t sure if she would want to. But while I was asking other people to join
me, she said she would join as well. We decided to sing the song See You Again at the festival, since it
was sort of a farewell(告别) 6 before I left for UK.
Finally, the day of the festival 7 . As I walked into class, people started clapping for me. Some-
one 8 “Haoxuan, Come On!” on the blackboard. My classmates wrote cards for me. After I 9
my performance, everyone cheered for me.
It was a really unforgettable and 10 afternoon. I want to thank Jenny, who didn t give up on me
when I felt down. I want to thank my teacher for teaching me. I really want to thank all of my classmates
who were with me in my two middle school years.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
B
city, close, consider, difference, historical, include, long, open, same, visit, wait, while
The Grand Canal(大运河) is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China.
Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world s oldest and 1 canals.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one
of the eight 2 in Jiangsu Province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum 3 its doors to the public on June 16th, 2021. It covers an area of some 80,000
square meters. It has two structures: a four-story building in the shape of a giant ship 4 to set sail,
and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions(展览) . They are telling the 5 of the Sui-Tang Grand
Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties (581-907), the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the
East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions 6 they continue to
be used for transport, irrigation(灌溉) and food control. The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian
River section 7 by many as the “ treasure of the museum” .
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits 8 20 groups of large ones, making it the best col-
lection to show the grandness of the canal and how people changed nature.
Passing through the exhibition hall and into the antiquated(老式的) streets, 9 can see restau-
rants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing
Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is 10 from all the other museums which are themed on the
Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
37以保证自身安全。 my 是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词,故填 safety。 需用过去进行时 were coming。
7. closed 根据语境及常识,发生洪灾,当你在家时,应关好门窗,关掉煤 2. arrived 根据句意:我们到的时候,汤米叔叔已经在等我们。
气和电子设备。 “keep sth. + 形容词”表示“让某物保持某种状态”。 3. quick 从上文汤米叔叔催促“我们”赶紧回家,可知这里的道谢和道别
8. prepared / ready 根据语境,这里建议准备好食物和游泳圈以应对洪水。 是快速且简短的。 这里需用形容词来修饰名词,故用 quickly 的形容词
9. stop / prevent / keep 根据“ If the rain water enters your room”可知,这里 形式 quick。
提醒关闭电源以防止触电。 空前的 to 是不定式符号,可知用动词原 4. close 根据上文提到“我们”走到半山腰时开始下大雪,可推测这里是
形,故填 stop / prevent / keep。 指“我”冷,把鹅贴近自己取暖。 close to 意为“靠近”。
10. way / method / choice 根据“ to stay at a higher place”可知,待在更高的 5. more 根据上文提到“我们”走到半山腰开始下大雪,可知这里指到山
地方是自救的最好办法或选择。 结合系动词 is 可知空处用单数名 顶时,雪下得更大了。
词,故填 way / method / choice。 6. warmth 根据上文“我”叫里克把外套打开,可知这里是指打开外套会
长难句分析(二) 让温度流失。 little 用于修饰不可数名词,这里需要 warm 的名词形式
1. You know I missed my mother all the time when being in New York, warmth。
(句子 1) 7. happily 根据语境,“我”把温暖的鹅塞到了里克外套里,他感受到了温
so I moved back to Los Angles. 暖,满足地舒了一口气。 句子为主谓结构,需用副词作状语修饰前面的
(并列连词) (句子 2) 动词。 这里的满足也是指幸福、开心,故用 happy 的副词形式 happily。
①并列句 8. your 根据上文“我”开始发抖,可知这里是指轮到“我”来享受鹅的温
②句子 1:You know I missed my mother all the time when being in New York 暖。 It s your turn. 意为“轮到你了;该你了”。
(主语)(谓语) (宾语从句) 9. how 根据语境,可知“我们”在解释这只鹅是如何使我们免于冻僵的。
从句:I missed my mother all the time when being in New York 句子为“主谓+宾语从句”结构,这里缺少宾语从句的连接词。
(主语) (谓语) (宾语) (时间状语) (时间状语从句) 10. another 根据语境可知,为了感谢这只鹅救了“我们”,“我们”不仅
句子 2:I moved back to Los Angles 给这只鹅取了名字,还买了另一只鹅来陪伴他。
(主语) (谓语) (宾语) Tuesday
2. I remember that there was only a little food left when we came here last Friday. A
主句 时间状语从句 1. surprised 根据“broken windows, small old desks and chairs”可知,这个
①复合句 场景让韩梅老师感到很惊讶。
②主句:I remember that there was only a little food left 2. ages 根据“ It was the only class in the school. ”可知,此处指不同年龄阶
主语 谓语 宾语从句 段的学生在同一个教室。
从句:when we came here last Friday 3. education 根据语境,可知此处指当地人的教育有多差。
从属连词 主语 谓语 地点状语 时间状语 4. laughed 上文提到调皮的马强在课上为了好玩制造噪音,可知此处指
3. One April Fool s Day, a reporter in England announced that there would be 他的行为让其他学生发笑。
主句 5. carefully 根据语境,可知此处韩梅老师在仔细地看马强的手。
no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped growing 6. examined 根据“ I know you will become a good doctor in the future. ”可
原因状语从句 知,韩梅老师给马强看了手相,此处指仔细地检查了他的手指。
spaghetti. 7. Hearing 根据语境,可知此处指马强听到这句话。 hear 与主语 Ma
①复合句 Qiang 是主动关系,故用 Hearing。
②主句:One April Fool s Day, a reporter in England announced 8. completely 根据句意:马强不相信韩梅老师的话,但还是把这句话记
状语 主语 状语 谓语 在心上。 句子不缺成分,用副词表示不信的程度,故用 completely。
that there would be no more spaghetti 9. harder 根据语境,可知马强从那之后,更加努力学习。
宾语从句 10. had expected 根据“he became a famous doctor”可知,此处指正如他
从句:because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti 的志愿者老师所预料,他成为了一名著名的医生。
从属连词 主语 状语 谓语 宾语 B
Week 4 1. educated 根据“ There was once a very wise man who lived in ancient
Monday times. ”及备选词可知,这个人受过教育。 此处应用形容词 educated“受
A 过教育的”,与“elderly”构成并列关系。
1. is known 根据句意:他被称作“提拉米苏之父”。 be known as 意为 2. properly 根据“he didn t want to buy the wrong shoes. He collected some
“被称为”。 books and spent a lot of time reading”及备选词可知,他想要选择一双合
2. accidental 根据语境及“ invention”可知,据 BBC 报道,这是一个偶然 适的鞋子。 空处修饰动词 fits,应用副词形式。
的发明。 此空应填入一个形容词,故填 accidental。 3. instructions 根据“ the man took a stick and measured his feet with it”及备
3. widely 根据语境及备选词可知,它已经被广泛接受了大约 40 年。 此 选词可知,这个人是按照书上所说的方法做的。 此处指的是 instruction
空修饰动词 accepted,要用副词,故填 widely。 “说明,指示”。 结合前文“some books”可知,此处名词应用复数形式。
4. carelessly 根据“dropped some cheese into the bowl”及备选词可知,他 4. closed 根据语境及备选词可知,智者回家去取棍子,当再次回到市场
粗心地把一些奶酪掉到碗里了。 此空修饰动词 dropped,要用副词,故 的时候,商店已经关门了。
填 carelessly。 5. had chosen 根据“Why didn t you buy the shoes yesterday ”及备选词可知,
5. surface 根据“covered the with cocoa powder to improve the dessert”可 之前选好的鞋子已经卖了。 动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时。
知,坎佩尔和他的妻子阿尔巴添加了一些咖啡味的饼干,并在饼干表面 6. who 根据句子结构可知此处是一个定语从句,缺少一个关系代词作
涂上可可粉,以改善甜点。 主语,先行词是“ the shopkeeper”,故填 who。
6. appeared 根据语境及备选词可知,1981 年,当这道菜出现在当地报纸 7. replied 根据“Why didn t you buy the shoes yesterday ”以及“Because I
上时,它引起了大量的关注,并在世界范围内流行起来。 forgot the stick that I had used to measure my feet back home ”可知,这是
7. popularity 根据“The of tiramisu has risen”及备选词可知,提拉米苏 智者对店主的回复。
的人气上升是因为它可以作为甜点吃。 8. incorrect 根据“ I have to have the right measurements of my feet before I
8. marks 根据“Many people want to make their and create their own des- can buy shoes. ”可知,他不想买错误的尺码。
sert”及备选词可知,许多人想要留下自己的印记,创造自己的甜点。 此 9. be bought 根据“ shoes must with the exact same measurements of the
空应填复数名词,故填 marks。 shoes you already own”可知,要买的鞋子和已经有的鞋子尺码要合适。
9. Something 根据“from pumpkin to lemon to matcha”及备选词可知,此处指 句子主语是 shoes,与动词 buy 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,空前有
从南瓜到柠檬再到抹茶这样的事物,应填入 something 表示“某物”。 must,此处用情态动词的被动语态,故填 be bought。
10. earliest 根据“give the dish protected status”可知,为了坚持提拉米苏 10. Laughing 根据语境可知,店主听了智者的解释之后应该是大笑。 此
最早的做法,意大利政治家卢卡·扎亚在 2013 年呼吁欧盟保护这道 处用现在分词形式,故填 Laughing。
菜的状态。 Wednesday
B A
1. were coming 根据下文提到山上将要下雪,可知这里是指乌云正聚集 1. seriously 根据下文,玛丽不能走路,可推测她的神经系统出现了严重
在一起。 come together 意为“聚集起来”。 全文在叙述过去的事情,故 的问题。 seriously 在此修饰形容词 wrong。
8
2. though 根据语境,医生告诉她得了这种病之后几乎没有人能恢复正 but also improve the ability to work in groups. ”可知,这不仅可以帮助学
常,她仍然相信自己有机会康复,可知这两句为转折关系,故填 though。 习的独立性,也可以提高团队合作的能力,可见会鼓励学生做这类事
3. possible 根据上文,医生告诉玛丽得了这种病之后几乎不能康复,但 情。 结合备选词,“encourage”符合题意。 are 后跟动词的过去分词表
她依旧没有放弃,可推测她始终相信她有可能回到学校。 示被动,故填 encouraged。
4. health 根据下文,玛丽接受了各种治疗方法,可知她被送到了健康中心。 B
5. nothing 根据上文,尽管尝尽各种方法都没有用,但是玛丽依旧没有 1. decisions 根据“ control their own time, and generally act like adults”可
放弃,可推测似乎没什么事能击垮她。 知,是让孩子们自己决定自己的事情。
6. doing 根据语境,玛丽每天都会在医生和护士的帮助下做体能训练。 2. first 根据语境可知,这里在说杰尼·马里努奇第一次给作者介绍“良
7. happened 根据下文,玛丽的腿居然可以移动了,可知奇迹发生了。 性忽视”这个短语。
8. cried 根据上文,玛丽的腿能够移动了,因此可知她兴奋地大叫起来。 3. be watered 根据语境可知,孩子们就如室内盆栽,需要大量浇水。 浇
9. surprised 根据语境,大家都认为玛丽的腿不会再康复,但是现在却能 水的动作在这里是被动的。
够移动了,可知他们都感到很惊讶。 4. Similarly 根据“From a young age, her children have been making their
10. who 根据语境,对这样一个意志坚强的人来说,这样的病只是一个 own hair and other appointments their time is their own to use as they
小问题。 定语从句“ has a strong will”修饰先行词 a person,主语为 wish. ”可知,孩子们从小就独立做事,同样也可以自由使用自己的时间。
人,故填 who。 5. themselves 根据语境可知,孩子们给自己做早餐和午餐。
B 6. Actually 根据语境,她的方法不适用于每一个人。 由此可知,此处是
1. out 根据常识可知要走出房子才会有认识其他人的机会。 get out 意 指杰尼·马里努奇的方法实际上不通用。
为“出去”。 7. reminds 根据语境可知,杰尼·马里努奇的方法不通用,但是提醒了
2. easier 根据句意:你会发现当你们的兴趣爱好相仿时,交朋友更容易。 作者一点,孩子们成年后所占的比例将远远大于他们还是孩子时。
这里需用 easy 的比较级形式 easier。 8. independence 根据语境可知,此处是建议父母在抚养孩子时教导孩
3. skills 根据语境,可知此处是指向那些会交朋友的人学习,试试他们的 子们要独立。
技巧。 由前面的 some 可知这里需用 skill 的复数形式。 9. parental 根据语境可知,良性忽视关注的是养育子女的父母一方,而
4. social 根据上文可知,向那些会交朋友的人学习技巧,可以帮助形成 不是完全关注孩子。
自己的社交风格。 这里需用 society 的形容词形式 social。 10. responsibilities 根据“ It s like the old saying: Give a man a fish, and
5. best 根据“Don t be afraid to show people what you re really good at. ”可 you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a life-
知,要谈论自己喜欢且做得最好的事,别人才会想了解你的兴趣爱好。 time. ”可知,父母要把责任交给成长中的孩子。
这里需用 good 的最高级形式。 Friday
6. conversations 根据“The more you have to say, the more people will want A
to talk with you. ”可知,这里是指想一些能促成愉快的交谈的话题。 这 1. twice 根据“When the apple harvest is coming, all along the roadways the
里需用 conversation 的复数形式。 signs go up: ‘Pick your own! ”可知,一路上都是自摘果园的标语,作
7. themselves 根据 “Be a good listener. ”可知,要让别人谈论他们自己的事。 者从不需要被二次告知。
8. special 根据 “Ask lots of questions, and show an interest in their an- 2. invited 根据下文“but he joined me at last”可知,作者邀请塞巴斯蒂安
swers. ”和“ they will want to be your friends”可知,倾听别人诉说时,多问 去果园摘苹果。
问题,认真对待对方的回答,会让对方觉得自己很特殊,从而愿意与你 3. unrelated 根据“On the ride to the orchard I talked about apples a lot he
交朋友。 was eager apples. ”可推测,塞巴斯蒂安一开始觉得摘苹果无趣。 此处
9. contact 根据“Look people in the eye when you talk to them. ”可知,交谈 是指与电脑无关的事便没有乐趣。
时要有眼神交流。 4. to pick 根据句意:在我们到达果园之前,他已经盼望着摘苹果了。 此
10. being 根据句意:结果,他们可能会对你失去兴趣。 stop doing sth. 意 处是指摘苹果。 eager to do sth. 意为“盼望做某事”。
为“停止做某事”。 be interested in 意为“对……感兴趣”。 5. responsibilities 根据语境可知,塞巴斯蒂安没有思想包袱,因而学习
Thursday 摘苹果学得很快。 此处的“思想包袱”指“没有责任约束”。 需用 re-
A sponsibility 的复数形式。
1. press 根据“ it is also called”可知,此句和“ Support the sky by putting 6. hardly 根据语境可知,此处是指作者跟不上塞巴斯蒂安。
something under it”意思一致。 put something under it 相当于 press some- 7. education 根据“He was the teacher, and I the child being taught by ex-
thing with two hands。 祈使句应该用动词原形,故填 press。 ample that apple picking is a happy job. ”可知,摘苹果有教育意义。
2. physical 根据“The movements are exercises”可知,此处需填形容词修 8. hoping 根据语境可知,塞巴斯蒂安在果树间穿梭,希望摘到最大最红
饰名词“exercises”。 再结合所给单词以及句意,此处是表示身体锻炼 的苹果。 此处使用现在分词作伴随状语。
之意。 9. filled 根据语境可知,作者他们带着袋子去摘苹果。 这里是指袋子装
3. less 根据“which can help you improve health and feel stressed”可知, 满了苹果。
锻炼可以减轻压力。 little 意为“少的”,形容词,此处用来修饰形容词 10. him 根据句意:我告诉他关于分享的想法。 此处是指告诉塞巴斯蒂
stressed,推测用比较级 less。 安,需用 him 来指代。
4. third 根据“ It was created by a group of graders”可知此空需填序数 B
词,表示几年级的学生。 再结合备选词,可知填 three 的序数词 third。 1. width 根据句意及备选词可知,这艘长 8 米、宽 1.5 米的船是由第八中
5. while 根据“Most students chose dishes and desserts they usually have in 学的一群学生制作的。 in 后跟名词构成介词短语,故答案为 width。
autumn”及“ this group decided to learn baduanjin and share it with their 2. Inspired 根据句意及备选词可知,去年 3 月,受明清时期福建商船的
classmates”可知,此空需填连词,因前后句意表示对比,结合备选词, 启发,约 30 名学生在老师的帮助下开始建造这艘帆船。 此处用动词的
while“然而”符合题意。 过去分词表示被动。
6. including 根据“as it has become popular exercise in workplaces some of 3. unbelievable 根据语境可知,学生们成功地完成了这个项目,真是令
their parents offices”可知,它在工作场所已经成为一种流行运动。 父母 人难以置信。 was 为系动词,后跟形容词。
亲的办公室包含在工作场所之内,结合备选词,“ include”符合题意。 此 4. meaning 根据“good luck to our school and our nation”可知这是对“We
处应该用动名词 including。 call it Jixianghao”的解释,“我们”称之为“吉祥号”,意思是祝学校和祖
7. spread 根据“ it on their WeChat”可推测出是这段视频在微信上传播。 国好运。 此处用动名词表示伴随。
结合备选词,“spread”符合题意。 根据 was 判断时态为一般过去时,谓 5. harder 根据语境可知,建造一艘帆船比你想象的要难得多。 is 后跟
语动词用过去式。 形容词,根据 than 判断用形容词比较级,故答案为 harder。
8. usual 根据“ require students to think do research, work with others and 6. to support 根据“ first made and laid down a keel along the bottom of the
present their findings with different skills”可知,要求学生要深入思考,做 ship”及备选词可知,邹和他的同学们先沿着船底做了一个支柱来支撑
研究,与他人合作等,可见不是日常的家庭作业。 结合备选词,“usual” 它。 此处用动词不定式表示目的。
符合题意。 7. separated 根据“So if one or two cabins seawater will not run into the
9. deeply 根据“do research, work with others and present their findings with other cabins. ”可知,它们被彼此分开了。 此处用被动语态,在 are 后跟
different skills”可知是要求学生要深入思考。 此空需填副词,结合备选 动词的过去分词。
词,“deep”符合题意,用其副词形式 deeply,修饰“ think”。 8. accidentally 根据语境及备选词,如果一两个船舱不小心坏了,海水就
10. encouraged 根据“This can not only help with the independence in study 不会流进其他船舱。 此处用副词修饰实义动词。
9
9. wisdom 根据上文的描述及备选词可知,它充满了古人的智慧。 the 界最古老和最长的运河。 此处需用 long 的最高级形式。
后跟名词。 2. cities 根据语境可知,扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。
10. students 根据句意:参与该项目的老师张生智表示:“培养学生的创 “one of + 复数”意为“……之一”。
造力、提高他们的动手能力、传承工匠精神真是太棒了。”此处用可数 3. opened 根据语境可知,此处是指博物馆向大众开放的时间。 句子缺
名词复数表示类别,名词前用所有格。 少谓语动词 open,结合后面提到的时间可知需用过去式 opened。
Saturday 4. waiting 根据语境可知,此处是指一艘等着航行的大船的四层建筑。
A 现在分词作后置定语,起补充说明作用。
1. biggest 根据句意:当你作为一个团体来解决它们时,即使是最大的挑 5. history 根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attrac-
战也不会那么可怕。 tions”可知,此处在讲运河的历史。
2. doubted 根据“While we got more and more fights at home if you made 6. while 分析句子结构可知,前后句的动作是同时发生的,用连词 while
one of us angry, you got all of us. ”可知,作者从不怀疑他们一致对外时 表示“与……同时”。
的团结。 7. is considered 根据语境可知,古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰
3. always 根据“From speech and debate to field hockey, when I was in a 宝”。 由“by”可知是被动结构。
community ”可知,此处是指作者总是参加团队活动。 8. including 根据语境可知,此处是指一万种展品包括二十组大型的展
4. safe 根据“ didn t seem so scary because we were taking risks together” 品。 此处需用介词 including。
可知,在团队里作者感觉安全。 9. visitors 根据“Passing through the exhibition hall and into the antiquated
5. Failures 根据“ I felt to try for things that seemed out of my reach”和 streets can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking ”可
“because we were taking risks together”可知,在团队里大家一起冒险,不 推知,在博物馆里面游览的一般是游客。
怕失败。 10. different 根据“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is from all the
6. us 根据“When a drunk driver killed my father, it was our community that other museums which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. ”可知,扬
stepped in. ”可知,此处是指亲朋好友和社区中心对“我们”的支持。 州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题,和其他博物馆不同。
7. closer 根据语境可知,此处是指父亲的同事们密切关注“我们”。 keep Week 5
a closer eye on 意为“密切关注”。 Monday
8. communities 根据语境可知,此处是指小团队的力量。 A
9. relationships 根据语境可知,作者在团队的支持下,会追求更广泛的 1. helpful 根据“ research has shown that better sleep patterns”可知,原谅
目标,建立更深入的关系。 他人有助于身心健康。
10. am reminded 根据“As I sit here tonight with my team of five, I of 2. anger 根据语境,愿意原谅他人的人会很少表现出怒气,更多的是展
how much I love these moments ”可知,作者想起了自己是多么热爱这 现自己满怀希望。 less 和 more hopefulness 意思相近,因此填 anger。
些时刻。 作者是被当下的场景提醒而想起的。 3. happier 根据“People who are more hopefulness”可知,原谅会让人们
B 更加快乐。
1. better 根据语境,遇到道路封闭时,你通常会掉头寻找另一条更好的路。 4. yourself 根据语境,当受到别人的伤害时,首先你自己要冷静下来。
2. real 根据上文及常识可知,遇到道路封闭时去另一条更好的路,这也 5. pleasure 下文提到的自然美景和你爱的人,都会让人快乐,可推测此
正是你在现实生活中需要做的。 处指深吸几口气,想些使你快乐的事。
3. dead 根据语境,生活中总会遇到死胡同,但是总是可以找到方法走出 6. hurts 根据语境,很多时候,伤害你的人可能永远不会想到向你道歉。
来。 dead ends 意为“死胡同”。 7. if 根据“Don t wait for an apology says Dr. Luskin. ”可推测,如果你想
4. Although 根据语境,尽管在崎岖的小径上骑行可能会摔倒,但你也会 要等别人向你道歉,那你需要等很长一段时间。
感到很兴奋。 8. accepting 根据句意:原谅并不意味着要接受认同令你心烦沮丧的人
5. without 根据下文,在崎岖的道路上骑行也是一种很好的体验。 且 所做出的行为。 mean doing 意为“意味着做……”。
“However”表转折,可推测在没有坎坷,即平顺直路上骑行有时也会很 9. kindness 根据“ love”和“beauty”,以及上文提到的自然美景,可推测你
无聊。 只需要学着去寻找你周围的爱、美景、以及善意的行为。
6. decision 根据“Right or left ”可推测生活中需要做决定。 make a deci- 10. acting 根据语境,尝试从他人的视角看待问题,你可能会意识到,他
sion 意为“做决定”。 或她这样做只是出于无知,恐惧,甚至是爱。
7. stopping 根据“Think twice!”可知,在收起吉他或停止舞蹈课之前,你 B
应该考虑如何在学习和爱好之间分配时间。 1. local 根据“A local organization is carrying out a project ”可知,此处在
8. to manage 上文提到要想清楚如何分配爱好和学习时间,因此可推测 问“你关心本地环境吗 ”。
这是一个如何管理时间的问题。 2. friendlier 根据“better, cleaner, safer”可知这里并列的词需用比较级。
9. Whatever 根据语境,无论你在生活中做什么,都记得要放松。 根据常识可知,居住的环境要友好。
10. enjoyable 根据语境,生活需要慢下来,不用一直急速奔跑,有时奔跑 3. teenagers 根据“Are you aged between 14 and 19 years old ”可知,这里
会减少生活中的乐趣。 招募的是青少年。
Sunday 4. started 根据语境可知,做积极的公民,可以从做一些简单的事情开始。
A 5. plans 根据语境可知,召开居民会议,是为了一起做规划。
1. ones 根据语境,结交新朋友比与老朋友告别要容易得多。 ones 指代 6. through 根据语境可知,这里是指通过门传递纸条。
friends。 7. Neighborhood 根据“a neighbor is keeping an eye on it”可知,此处是指
2. competition 联系下文可知,当“我”还在中国学习的时候,学校举办了 邻里之间互相照看。
一次歌唱比赛。 8. who 根据语境可知,此处在说社区里的老年人做不了你能做的一些
3. Unluckily 根据下文,“我”因为忘词而导致“我”和珍妮输掉了比赛, 事情。 该句为限制性定语从句,先行词为 elderly people,指人需用 who。
可知这是非常不幸运的。 9. littering 根据“Nobody likes picking up other people s rubbish ”可知,
4. another 根据语境,“我”因输掉比赛而感到很抱歉,但珍妮却安慰 此处是指“请勿乱扔垃圾”。
“我”还有机会。 10. difference 根据“Go out once or twice a week and see what you can find
5. although 根据语境,“我”第一个想到和“我”一起参加的人是珍妮,虽 find something valuable!”可知,此处是指干净的街道很重要。 make
然“我”不确定她是否愿意。 the difference 意为“关系重大;大不相同”。
6. performance 根据语境及下文可知,“我们”决定在音乐节上唱 See Tuesday
You Again 这首歌,因为这是“我”去英国之前的告别表演。 A
7. arrived 根据语境,最后,节日的那天到来了。 1. to travel 根据“ far into the countryside”和备选词汇可知,此处是指一
8. had written 根据“ on the blackboard”可推测,有人在黑板上写了为 位国王碰巧远行到乡下。 happen to 意为“碰巧”。
“我”加油的话。 此处用过去完成时。 2. stones 根据“ there were lots of broken on the road and they hurt his feet
9. completed 根据语境及常识,当“我”完成表演后,每个人都为“我”欢呼。 seriously”可知,路上有很多碎石头。 空前有“ lots of”修饰,用复数,故填
10. touching 根据珍妮、同学的所作所为和后面“我”的感谢词,再结合 stones。
方框所给单词可推测,那是一个令人难忘和感动的下午。 3. to cover 根据“he told his men all the roads with cattle hide”,再结合
B 上文国王的脚被路上的碎石头弄伤了可知,他想要用牛皮革来覆盖路
1. longest 由常识可知,2500 年前建造,绵延 1794 公里的大运河跻身世 面。 tell sb. to do sth. 意为“告诉某人做某事”,故填 to cover。
10
