北师大版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Humour Lesson 2 What’s So Funny词汇课件2(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
单
词
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
本单元词汇梳理
1. tension tens (to stretch 拉长) + -ion (名词后缀) → 将某物拉长，使其处于紧绷状态 → 紧张
词块：relieve tension
2. muscle 词源：英语单词 muscle 来自拉丁语 musculus (小老鼠)。古罗马人觉得鼓起的肌肉很像一只跳跃的小老鼠。
熟词生义：体力；力气
3. physical 词块：physical and mental health；派生词：physically
4. psychological psychology: psycho (soul, spirit 心理、精神) + -logy (the study of 研究……的学科) → 心理学
psychology (n 心理学) + -ical (形容词后缀)
5. mood 词块：in a good / bad mood, be / feel in the / no mood for sth / to do sth
6. far-reaching far + reach + -ing
7. energise energy (活力) + -ise (to make 使变得) → 使充满活力
8. cell cell原义为“连在一起的小房间”，比如修道院中修道士或修女住的房间、监狱里的房间、蜂巢中的蜂室。1665年，英国物理学家罗伯特 虎克在用自制显微镜观察软木切片时，发现里面有很多像蜂窝一样的小室，他将其称为cell（细胞）。实际上，他所看到的是死去的植物细胞的细胞壁，而第一个发现活细胞的科学家是安东 范 列文虎克。手机以前叫做cellular phone，缩写为cell phone，这是因为移动通信网络是蜂窝式结构的。不过现在通常叫做mobile phone（移动电话）。
9. immune 词块：immune system
10. infection in- (in 入) + fect (to do 做) + -ion (名词后缀) → 疾病成功进入体内 → 感染
词族：infect, infected, infection, infectious
11. incorporate in- (in 入) + corpor (body 整体) + -ate (动词后缀) →
使成为一个整体 → 把……并入
12. whisper 拟声词，模仿嘶嘶声
词块：whisper sth to sb, in a whisper, whisper about sth
13. embarrassment embarrass (v 使尴尬) + -ment (名词后缀)
词块：to one’s embarrassment
14. accidentally accident + -al + -ly
词族：accident, accidental, accidentally
15. expense ex- (out 向外) + pens (to pay 支付) + -e (名词后缀) → 向
外支付的费用 → 费用
词块：at sb’s expense, living expenses, at the expense of
本单元词汇梳理
1. comedian 来自 comedy
2. nationality national (adj 国家的) + -ity
词族：nation, national, nationality, international
3. reputation 词块：have a reputation for, earn / gain / acquire a good reputation as
4. encounter en- (= in- 进入) + counter (against 相反) → 进入面对面的相对状态 → 相遇
意为“偶然碰到”是正式用语，对应 come across
词块：a chance encounter
5. amuse 词块：keep sb amused, amuse oneself
词族：amuse, amused, amusing, amusement
6. rely 词块：rely on；派生词：reliable
7. purely pure (adj 纯粹的) + -ly
8. universal uni- (one 一) + vers (to turn 转) + -al (形容词后缀) → 转为一体的 → 通用的
词块：a universal truth, Universal Studios (环球影城)
9. episode 常用义：（电视剧中的）一集
美剧中的 season（季）和 episode（集）
10. astonished 词族：astonish, astonishing (分词形容词), astonishment, astonished (分词形容词)
11. steak medium / medium-rare / rare / well-done steak
12. raw 词块：raw materials
13. contemporary con- (together 共同) + tempor (time 时代) + -or + -ary (形容词后缀) → 同时代的 → 当代的
14. screenwriter screen (n 银幕) + writer (n 作家)
15. mostly most (adj 大多数的) + -ly
近义词：mainly
16. amusing amuse (v 逗……乐) + -ing
17. creation create (v 创造) + -ion
18. contrary contr (against 与……相反) + -ary (形容词后缀) → 相
反的
词块：on the contrary, contrary to
19. academic 词块：academic research, academic year
词族： academy, academic, academically
20. scholarship scholar (n 学者) + -ship → 资助学者的资金 → 奖学金
词块：win / receive / get / earn a scholarship, award
sb a scholarship
21. attain at- (= ad-, to 去) + tain (to touch 触摸) → 去触摸 → 达到、
得到
正式用语 (比 achieve 正式) ；词块：attain one’s goal
22. obtain ob- (表示加强) + tain (to hold 拿住) → 稳稳拿住 → 获得
正式用语 (对应 get)
词块：obtain ... from
23. talent 词源故事：来自耶稣的一则寓言故事：主人要出远门，按能力依次给了三个仆人 5 个、2 个和 1 个塔兰特币 (talent) 。主人回来后，前两个仆人都通过投资挣了钱，得到了主人的夸奖。最后一个仆人把钱埋在地底下，主人很生气，没收了他的钱并交给最有能力的人。在寓言中，塔兰特币比喻上帝给予每个人的天资，所以 talent 也就有了“天资”的含义。
同义词：gift；派生词：talented
词块：have / show a talent for, a talent show
24. mirror 名词动词化：反射；反映
25. producer produce (v 生产) + -er
词族：produce, producer, product, production, productive
26. rarely rare (adj 罕见的) + -ly
近义词：seldom；反义词：frequently / often
27. genius gen (birth 出生) + -i + -us (表示性质) → 人与生俱来的品质 → 天才；天赋
词块：have a genius for
28. convinced convince (v 使信服) + -ed
词块：be convinced of
词族：convince, convinced, convincing
29. unfortunate un- + fortunate (adj 幸运的)
同义词 unlucky；反义词 fortunate / lucky
词族：fortune, fortunate, fortunately, unfortunate, unfortunately
30. agent 同源词：agency
31. demand de- (completely 完全) + mand (to order 命令) → 完全命令 →（坚决）要求
词块：satisfy / meet the demand, on demand, in demand, demand that sb (should) do sth
派生词：demanding
32. loosely loose (adj 松的) + -ly；词族：loose, loosely, loosen
33. criticise crit (to judge 批判)+ -ic + -ise (动词后缀) → 评判某人做错事 → 批评 / 指责
词块：criticise sb for (doing) sth
34. log 英语单词 log 指尚未切割的原木，古人在驾驶帆船出海远航时，常常采用在桅杆上刻道的方法来记录日期，这就是最原始的航海日志了。由于桅杆是用原木（log）做的，所以记录在桅杆上的日志就被称为“log” 。
词块：log in / on, log out / off
35. politician politics (n 政治) + -ian (……人)
词族：politics, political, politician
36. bath 英式英语，美式英语是bathe；
词块：have / take a bath
重难点词精讲
whisper
搭配义
词根词缀
expense
mood
搭配义
辨析义
搭配义
mood
情绪好 / 坏
in a good / bad mood
mood n [C]
情绪；心情：
in a good / bad mood:
Having been punished by his teacher, he was in a very bad mood.
Looking at green, growing things can put people into / in a better mood. 2019 全国改
① be / feel in the / no mood for sth:
I was in no mood for a joke.
② be / feel in the / no mood to do sth:
I’m not in the mood to talk about it now.
［单数］气氛；氛围：
There’s nothing like candlelight for creating a romantic mood.
［语法］（动词的）语气
mood 意为“情绪”（the way sb feels at a particular time），指人某一时刻的情绪，通常和in搭配。
Leave Dad alone for a while. He’s in a very bad mood.
emotion 意为“情感”（a strong feeling such as love, hate, anger, etc.），表示个体强烈的感情或情感，是情绪的外在表现形式。
The emotion was so intense that she spent most of the movie in tears.
spirit 意为“情绪”时要用复数形式，（the way you are feeling, for example whether you are happy or sad）。
It was the last day of term and everyone was in high spirits.
辨析：mood, emotion, spirit
whisper
■ vt & vi 低声讲：
James leaned over to whisper something to Michael.
Even though it was only October, my students were
already whispering about holiday plans. 2009 山东改
You’ll have to whisper or he’ll hear you.
■ n [C] 低语；私语；耳语：
speak in a whisper
要留意细小的开支。小洞沉大船。
这句话是美国政治家、物理学家本杰明·富兰克林的一句名言，相当于中国的谚语“千里之堤溃于蚁穴”。他提醒我们不要忽视小的细节，也许就是这些被忽视的小细节会导致无法挽回的结果。
spare no expense
cut down on one’s expense
living / household expenses
cover one’s daily expenses
Running a car is a big expense.
I don’t think we can afford the expenses.
expense
n [U] & [C] 支出；费用；代价：
词源解读：ex-（out 向外）+ pens（to pay 支付）+ -e（名词后缀）→ 向外支付的费用 → 费用
at sb’s expense 由某人付费 / 负担费用；嘲笑某人:
I published a book at my own expense.
at the expense of 以……为代价:
He finished the job at the expense of his health.
本单元的词根词缀
说出下列单词的词根词缀的汉语释义。
1. You could feel the tension in the room as we waited for our exam results.
tension：tens（to stretch 拉长）+ -ion（名词后缀）→ 将某物拉长，使其处于紧绷状态 → __________
2. Humour has a positive（正面的）psychological effect when we are in difficulties.（2020 江苏）
psychological：psycho（soul, spirit 心理、精神）+ -logy（the study of 研究……的学科）+ -ical（形容词后缀）→ __________
3. Exercise is a perfect way to help you feel more energised.
energise：energy（活力）+ -ise（to make _________________）→ 使充满活力
紧张
心理的 / 精神的
使（……）/ 使变得
4. If you don’t clean the wound properly you could get an infection.
infection：in-（in 入）+ fect（to do __________）+ -ion（名词后缀）→ 疾病成功做到进入体内 → __________
5. Many of your suggestions have been incorporated in the plan.
incorporate：in-（in 入）+ corpor（body 整体）+ -ate（动词后缀）→ 使成为一个整体 → __________
6. To earn some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter.（2014 上海）
expense：ex-（out 向外）+ pens（to pay __________）+ -e（名词后缀）→ 向外支付的费用 →__________
支付
做
感染
把……并入
费用
本单元金句汇总
1. Looking at green, growing things can put people into / in a better mood. 2019 全国改
2. I’m not in the mood to talk about it now.
3. You’ll have to whisper or he’ll hear you.
4. He finished the job at the expense of his health.
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I’m just not in the mood for a party tonight. ___________
2. Don’t talk to her. She’s in one of her moods. ___________
3. The mood of the meeting was extremely pessimistic. ___________
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 下雨天总是让大家感到心情压抑。(put sb in a ... mood)
_______________________________________________________
2. 考试成绩不好，她没有心情出去玩。(be in no mood to do sth)
_______________________________________________________
没心情参加聚会
mood
闹情绪
气氛
Rainy days always put everybody in a depressed mood.
She is / was in no mood to go out (to play) because of her bad / poor exam results.
whisper
一、根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。
1. You’ll have to ____________（低声说）or he’ll hear you.
2. “Where are we going ” he asked in a _____________（低语）.
二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 你们两人在那边低声说些什么？(whisper about)
_____________________________________________________________
2. 当紧张地面对挑战时，我会低声对自己说两个简单的字:“做自己” 。 (whisper to)（2019 北京改）
______________________________________________________
whisper
What are you two whispering about over there
whisper
Nervously facing challenges, I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself ”.
根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Too often, when giving a speech, people focus on the “public” _____________（以……为代价）the “speaking”.（2020 山东改）
2. If the printer should break down within the first year, we would repair it ____________（由我们承担费用）. （2009 天津改）
3. To earn some money to pay the ____________（日常开支）, I started work in a local café as a waiter.（2014 上海）
4. The woman gave up her dream to be a gym teacher as she _______ _______________（负担不起费用）.（2009 湖北改）
expense
at the expense of
at our expense
daily expenses
afford the expense
couldn’t