（1）名词——2023届中考英语一轮复习重难点专项训练（含解析）

（1）名词——2023届中考英语一轮复习重难点专项训练
1. Keep quiet! I need complete ________ when I'm working.
A. trust B. control C. silence D. situation
2. —What a _______! You should put the toy cars on the shelf.
—Sorry, Mum. I'll do it at once.
A. value B. pity C. mess D. system
3. I'm shy. I have no ________ to stand up and give a talk.
A. reasons B. scare C. trust D. courage
4. The New Silk Road will offer a good __________ for more nations to communicate.
A. chance B. habit C. question D. price
5. —What are you doing
—We are having a _____ about when to have a party.
A. decision B. test C. discussion D. trip
6. The most part of ________ is in Asia but its capital Moscow is in Europe.
A. Canada B. America C. Australia D. Russia
7. —Time past cannot be called back again.
—Yes. Wasting time is a _____.
A. pressure B. fairness C. choice D. shame
8. —Jack, What's your dream job
—I want to be a ________. I love children very much.
A. nurse B. doctor C. worker D. teacher
9. The boy loves painting, and he wants to be ________ when he grows up.
A. a musician B. an artist C. a writer D. a dancer
10. There is no ________. So they have to go on a ropeway to cross the river.
A. bus B. water C. bridge D. street
11. Mike and I are good friends. I hope our ________ will last for long.
A. health B. friendship C. happiness D. instruction
12. We shouldn't park our car here. Look at the ________ "No parking".
A. map B. sign C. light D. place
13. —What does your brother do
—He is a (n) ________. He grows vegetables all the year round.
A. teacher B. artist C. guide D. farmer
14. —Can you tell me why he is late
—Sorry, I don't know the ________.
A. menu B. culture C. reason D. role
15. Dancing is one of my mother's ________.
A. shapes B. apartments C. hobbies D. reasons
答案以及解析
1.答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：保持安静！我工作时需要完全安静。trust信任；control控制；silence安静；situation情况。根据"when I'm working"并结合常识可知，工作时需要保持安静。故选C。
2.答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：—真乱啊！你应该把玩具车放在架子上。—对不起，妈妈。我马上去做。value价值；pity遗憾；mess杂乱；system系统。根据"You should put the toy cars on the shelf."可知，因为比较乱，所以要把玩具车放到架子上，what a mess"真乱啊"，为固定用法。故选C。
3.答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：我害羞。我没有勇气站起来演讲。reasons理由；scare惊恐；trust信任；courage勇气。根据"I'm shy."及常识可知，一般害羞的人是不敢在公众面前演讲的，所以此处指"没有勇气"。故选D。
4.答案：A
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：新丝绸之路将为更多的国家交流提供一个好机会。chance机会：habit习惯；question问题，疑问；price价格。新丝绸之路是为更多的国家提供交流的机会。故选A。
5.答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。句意："你们在做什么？""我们正在讨论何时举办聚会。" decision决定；test测验；discussion讨论；trip旅行。根据"when to have a party"可知，用have a discussion，意为"讨论"。故选C。
6.答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：俄罗斯的大部分地区在亚洲，但其首都莫斯科在欧洲。Canada加拿大；America美国；Australia澳大利亚；Russia俄罗斯。根据"its capital Moscow"可知，莫斯科是俄罗斯的首都，此处介绍俄罗斯的国土分布。故选D。
7.答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：—光阴一去不复返。—是的，浪费时间是一种 _____。pressure压力；fairness公平；choice选择；shame羞耻。根据上文可知，下文也表达了珍惜时间的思想，因此句意应该是"浪费时间是一种耻辱。"故选D。
8.答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：—杰克，你梦想的工作是什么？—我想成为一名教师。我非常喜欢孩子。nurse护士；doctor医生；worker工人；teacher教师。根据"I love children very much."可知，杰克喜欢孩子，故他的梦想职业是教师。故选D。
9.答案：B
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：这个男孩喜欢画画，他长大后想成为一名美术家。a musician一名音乐家；an artist一名美术家；a writer一名作家；a dancer一名舞蹈家。根据"The boy loves painting"可知，喜欢画画，所以是想成为美术家。故选B。
10.答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：没有桥。所以他们不得不用绳索过河。bus公交车；water水；bridge桥；street街道。根据"go on a ropeway to cross the river."可知，此处应用bridge，表示"没有桥"。故选C。
11.答案：B
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：迈克和我是好朋友。我希望我们的友谊天长地久。health健康；friendship友谊；happiness幸福；instruction说明。根据"Mike and I are good friends"可知，此处指希望友谊天长地久。故选B。
12.答案：B
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：我们不应该把车停在这里。请看"禁止停车"的标志。map地图；sign标志；light灯光；place地方。根据"No parking"可知，"禁止停车"是一个标志。故选B。
13.答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：—你哥哥是做什么的？—他是一个农民。他一年四季都在种菜。teacher老师；artist艺术家；guide导游；farmer农民。根据"He grows vegetables all the year round."可知农民种菜。故选D。
14.答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：—你能告诉我他为什么迟到吗？—对不起，我不知道原因。menu菜单；culture文化；reason原因；role作用。根据第一句"Can you tell me why he is late "可知，此句询问的是迟到的理由。故选C。
15.答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：跳舞是我妈妈的爱好之一。shapes"形状"；apartments"公寓"；hobbies"爱好"；reasons"原因"。根据主语"Dancing"可知，跳舞是兴趣爱好的一种，所以横线处缺的名词是hobbies。故选C。
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