北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit3 Conservation LESSON 3-READING CLUB 2 词汇精讲课堂课件(共60张PPT)

(共60张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
版本：新北师
单元：选择性必修一 Unit 3 (LESSON 3 — READING CLUB 2)
本单元词汇梳理
1. destruction 构词法：destroy — destruction
2. stuck 是stick 的过去分词形容词
词块：be / get stuck in
3. jam 词块：traffic jam
4. annoyed annoy + -ed (分词形容词)
英语释义：slightly angry
词族：annoy, annoyed, annoying
5. roadworks road + works
6. anger 派生词：angry
词块：in anger
7. decade 词源同 ten
8. gas 美式英语，英式英语是petrol
9. relate re- (back, 向后、往回) + -lat (bring, carry 拿、带) + -e，词源义和基本义是“带回 (carry back)”
词块：relate to, be related to
词族：relate, related, relation, relationship, unrelated
10. regular 一词多义：基本义“规则的、有规律的”
词块：regular customers / visitors / readers, regular exercise
派生词：regularly
11. suit 词源：词源义是“跟随的一群人”，后指配备给随从的统一的制服，最终演变成现在的套装、西服。
名词动词化：适合
派生词：suited, suitable
12. organic organ (器官) + -ic
13. involve in- (进入，使) + -volve (卷入)，词源义和基本义是“使卷入”
词块：involve doing sth, involve sb / oneself in (doing) sth
14. institute in- + stitute (to establish 建立) → 建立 → 建立科学、教育等方面的组织 → 学院、(研究) 院 / 所
派生词：institution
15. billion 词源：来自法语，由 bi- (two 两个) + million 构成，本义是 million million (万亿)。后来也许是因为“万亿”这个单位太大，billion 在法语中的含义从“万亿”变成了“十亿”，美国人也采用了法国人的做法。随着美国文化影响力日益增大，越来越多的英国人也开始用 billion 来表示“十亿”而非“万亿”。
词块：billions of
16. opponent op- (against 相对、反对) + -pon- (to put 放) + -ent (名词
后缀) → 相对着放的 → 对手、反对者
17. cruel 词块：it’s cruel to do sth
派生词：cruelly, cruelty
18. instance 词块：for instance = for example
19. claim 词块：claim to be / do sth, claim + (that) 从句, make a claim / claims
20. chemical 同源词：chemistry, chemist
21. sum 词块：a large / small sum of, sum up
派生词：summary, summarise
22. committee commit (委托) + -ee (名词后缀，动作的接受者) → 委员会
23. Confucius 拓展 Confucianism (孔子学说、儒教)
24. memorial 构词法：memory — memorial
25. scenic 构词法：scene — scenic
26. historic 词族：history, historical, historic, historian
27. thunderstorm 合成词 thunder (雷) + storm (暴风雨)
28. typhoon 音译词
29. agricultural 构词法：agriculture — agricultural
词块：agricultural crops
30. Atlantic 拓展 Pacific, Oceania, Indian, Arctic
重难点词精讲
stick & stuck
一词多义
involve
英语释义
relate
搭配义
分词形容词
suit
辨析义
隐喻
regular & regularly
organ词族
一词多义
英语释义
一词多义
英语释义
claim
一词多义
搭配义
sum
话题词汇
stuck
stuck 来自 stick 过去分词形式，是个分词形容词，学 stuck 前要先学 stick。
看图猜词
sticker 贴纸
glue stick 胶棒
lipstick 唇膏
chopstick 筷子
walking stick 拐杖
stick
(stuck, stuck) v
vt & vi (被) 刺入；(被) 戳进：
The nurse stuck the needle into my arm.
I found a nail sticking in the tyre.
vt & vi 粘 (住)；贴 (住)：
stick a stamp on an envelope
This food can stick to your teeth.
sticky adj 黏的；黏性的
sticker n [C] 贴纸
vt & vi 伸出：
Peter stuck his head behind the door.
基本义
vt [非正式用语] 放置：
Stick your bags down there.
vi & vt 阻塞；卡住：
The key has stuck in the lock.
重要搭配
stick to 坚持；遵守 (keep to)：
The surest way to success is sticking to your goal.
Once he made a promise, he would stick to it (= he did as he had promised).
■ n [C]
枝条；树枝：
gather sticks to make a fire
棍；棒；棍 / 条状物：
a walking stick
stick 语义网络图
(被) 刺入；
(被) 戳进
粘 (住)；
贴 (住)
伸出
刺 (入)
(基本义)
stick v
用尖锐的物体刺入另一物体
将邮票、食物等刺到另一物体表面上
将身体部位刺入另一空间
迅速或随手刺入物品
被刺入后不能动
放置
阻塞；
卡住
stuck adj [不用于名词前]
卡住的；无法移动的：
The cat’s stuck in the tree. 2012 江苏
陷 (入)；困 (于)：
His positive attitude inspired many people who were stuck in illness. 北师大新必修② – 6
They got stuck in a traffic jam.
(被) 难住的：
He was stuck on this question.
分词形容词
Ao Bing can relate to Ne Zha, because they have similar experiences.
relate
relate v [常与to连用]
vt & vi (使) 互有关联 (connect)：
The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.
vt [正式用语] 叙述；讲：
He related how the accident happened.
Luo Guanzhong relates the story of the three kingdoms in this
book.
vi 理解；认同：
I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.
词源解读
relate 由 re- (back 回) 和词根 -lat (bring, carry 拿、带) + -e 构成。词源义和基本义是“带回 (carried back)”。
带回
基本义
relate
relate 语义网络图
将一事物带回到另一事物
带回到某种情感
带回到某个话题
(使) 互有关联
叙述；讲
理解；认同
词汇拓展
related adj 相关的；有关系的：
water-related diseases
(be) related to 与……有关：
The “new four great inventions” are all
related to China’s high-tech innovation.
中国的新四大发明：高铁、扫码支付、共享单车和网购。
同族词：relate, related, relation, relationship, unrelated
In this film, the director relates Ne Zha’s fate (命运) to Ao Bing’s.
(In this film, their fates are closely related.)
Ne Zha and Ao Bing become friends because they can relate to each other.
The film relates how Ne Zha changes his fate in this film.
There are many characters in the film, and I like Ne Zha best. Most people refer to him as a demon, but he says “I’m the master of my own fate! I’m the one who decides, if I’m an immortal or demon!” Another character I am fond of is Ao Bing, who is Ne Zha’s friend. Ao Bing can relate to Ne Zha because they have similar experiences. From this film, I think people should treat each other without prejudice (成见) and if others misunderstand you, be yourself, and do the right thing.
同理心 empathy
勇敢的心 a brave heart
regular
regular 源自单词 rule（规则；规律）
它的基本义是“规则的；有规律的”
regular or irregular
规则的；有规律的；定期的 反 irregular having the same amount of space or time between each thing or part：
The sides of the building aren’t regular, so the building has an unusual shape. 2014 湖北
The equipment is checked on a regular basis.
[只用于名词前] 经常的；频繁的 happening or doing sth very often; frequent：
regular customers / readers
regular adj
[只用于名词前]正常的；惯常的；普通的：
a regular school / class
Our regular opening hours are 10 a.m. to 7 p.m.
持久的；稳定的 lasting or happening over a long period：
Maybe a regular job won’t be as dull as I feared. 2014 天津
[语法]规则的：
regular verbs and irregular verbs
regularly adv 有规律地；定期地；经常：
We meet regularly, once a month.
Two thirds of the world’s population regularly eat rice.
regular 语义网络图
regular
（有）规律的
（基本义）
事件发生的频率很高，其间“有”着内在的“规律”
事件通常情况下的发生“有规律”
事件“有规律”得
持续很长一段时间
经常的；
频繁的
正常的；
惯常的；
普通的
持久的；
稳定的
时间或空间间隔“有规律”
规则的；
有规律的； 定期的
regularly
有规律地；定期地
经常
suit
business suit
swimming suit
n [C]（一套）衣服：
a business / swimming suit
vt（服装、颜色等）适合；对（某人）方便；中……的意：
I found an evening dress that suited me perfectly.
If we meet at 9 a.m., would that suit you
There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 人教新必修③ –3
suit ... to 使……适合：
A good teacher suits his lesson to the age of his pupils.
suited adj［不用于名词前，与 for / to连用］适合的：
be best suited to / for
suit 词源义是“跟随的一群人”，后指配备给随从的统一的制服，最后演变成现在的套装、西服。
suit
名词动词化
suit, fit, match 辨析
三者都可用作动词，有“适合”之意。
suit 主要指服装款式、颜色或花样等适合，也可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、身份等。
Red and black are colours that suit me very well.
The seven o’clock train will suit us very well.
Very spicy food doesn’t suit my stomach.
fit 多指大小、形状等合适，引申为“一致”“吻合”。
Her coat fits (her) exactly.
All the facts certainly fit your theory.
match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等相匹配、协调。
The curtains and the carpets match perfectly.
Do you think these two colours match
衣服穿在身上漂亮用suit，穿在身上不大不小用fit，协调、匹配用match
本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin,1706 — 1790)，美国政治家,美国独立战争时期的重要领导人之一。同时他也是一位物理学家，发明了避雷针，最早提出电荷守恒定律。这是一句教育名言，有人说它出自本杰明 富兰克林，更多的人认为它是一句荀子经典语录的英文版。你能把这个句子翻译成中文吗？荀子involve不闻不如闻之，闻之不如见之，见之不如知之，知之不如行之；学至于行之而止矣。行之，明也。——《荀子·儒效》involve vt
包含；需要 to make sth necessary in an activity or situation：
involve (doing) sth:
A crosstalk performance involves talking, imitating, singing and telling jokes.
The work of an elephant trainer involves love and devotion. 2010 上海改
涉及；影响 to affect or be related to sb / sth：
If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their positions. 2009 上海
How many vehicles were involved in the crash
侧重某事物成为其必要的组成部分
侧重某人 / 物受到影响
involve 由前缀 in- + 词根 volve 组成，in- 意为“进入”“使”，volve 意为“卷入”。 involve 的词源义和基本义是“使卷入” 。
involve词源解读
使参加 to make sb take part in sth：
involve sb / oneself (in sth):
Students should involve themselves actively / deeply / heavily in community activities where they can gain experience for growth. 2014 福建
词汇拓展
involved adj 参与的；投入的：
be / get involved (in / with):
Whatever you do, don’t be a bystander. Get involved. 2016 四川
Children can get a lot out of being involved in volunteer work.
Fathers are encouraged to be more involved with their children.
involvement n [U] 参与 (participation)
involve 语义网络图
包含
需要
“使卷入” 因而包含
涉及；影响
“使 (人) 卷入” 某项活动
使参加
“使卷入” 因而是必要组成部分
“使卷入”因而与之有关联
使卷入
基本义
involve
新闻里经常报道某个国家的某个城市发生了炸弹袭击，而某个人或某个组织“声称”对该起恐袭事件负责，其中的“声称；宣称”就用claim表示。
claim
新闻中还常有天灾人祸的报道，往往会提及“……夺去了多少人的生命”，这时往往用“灾难或冲突等 + claim + life / lives”表达。
当认为自己有合法权利提出某项要求时可以用 claim。比如，当网购的物品有损坏而要求退款（claim the money back for damages）；汽车因刮蹭向投保的保险公司索赔（claim on the insurance）；认领丢失的财物（claim lost property）等等。
claim v
vi 声称；宣称 to say that sth is true, without having any proof:
Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough in the fighting against cancer.
① claim to be / do sth:
Don’t claim to know what you don’t know.
② claim + (that) 从句：
Some people claim that surfing the Internet is a waste
of time.
vt & vi（根据权利）要求；索要；认领 to ask for sth because
you think it’s your legal right to have it：
He should be able to claim back the price of the ticket.
You can claim on the insurance if you have an accident while on holiday.
vt [尤用于新闻报道] 夺去（生命）to cause sb’s death：
Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.
人教新必修③ –3
n [C]
声称；断言：
They made claims they couldn’t live up to.
（对事物的）权利；所有权：
There is a large number of patent examiners, whose only job is to examine whether your claim is valid or not.
要求；索赔：
You can make a claim on insurance policy.
sum
do a sum
sum
做算术
总和
sum 词源解读
sum 来源于拉丁语 summus（最高的）。在一组数字里面，古罗马人喜欢从底向上计数，然后把总数放在顶部。sum 的词源义即为“总数（total）”。
sum n [C]
[常用单数] 总数；总和；全部：
The sum of two and two is four.
That is the sum of our experience.
算术：
do a sum in one’s head
金额：
a large / small sum of money
vi & vt
sum up 总结；概括：
His speech summed up the present situation of economy.
To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking.
summary（必修二 Unit 6）
adj 概括的；扼要的：
a summary account / explanation
n [C] 总结；摘要；概要：
in summary
Can you give me a quick summary of your research
summarise / summarize vi & vt 总结；概括；概述 (sum up)：
To summarise, this is a clever approach to a common problem.
【温故】
organ 词族
organ（器官 / 人体组织）+ -ise（使……化）→ organise 使有组织地运行，引申为“组织”
organ
organic adj 有机的
organised adj 有组织的；有条理的
organisation n 组织
organiser n 组织者
organism n 生物；有机体
reorganise v 重新组织
organise v 组织
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. I went up to rescue a kite that was ________ (stick) in the branches of a tree.（2014 北京改）
2. A good friend is ________ (will) to offer the help which you need.（2010 重庆）
3. The man pulled up his collar and put his hands to his ________ (freeze) face.（2011 湖北改）
4. The match was postponed（推迟）to the __________ (follow) Saturday because of bad weather.
5. The expert expects the unemployment figures to rise even higher in ________ (come) months.
6. A good future is based on a __________ (forget) past. If you want your life to go on well you have to let go of your past failure.
stuck
willing
coming
frozen
following
forgotten
分词形容词：很多动词的 -ed 形式和 -ing 形式已经成为独立词条，称作分词形容词。其中有一类形容词，如
动词的 -ing 形式可用来表示主动关系；动词的 -ed 形式则可用来表示被动关系。
例如：stuck, willing, frozen, following, coming, forgotten
将上面的分词形容词分类：
表示主动关系：_______________________________
表示被动关系：_____________________________
willing, following, coming
stuck, frozen, forgotten
英语中的metaphor（隐喻）来源于希腊语 metaphora，该词由meta- (over) 和 pherein (to carry) 合成，合起来意思是 to carry over（拿过来）。因此，隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解另一种事物，并且多是参照熟悉的、有形的、具体的事物来认识和表达无形的、抽象的事物。隐喻是一种思维方式，无处不在，它是多义词产生词义的主要理据。建立隐喻思维能更好地理解和掌握由基本义到衍生义这一思维。
隐喻 metaphor
本单元隐喻典型词
单词 基本义 比喻义
hunt 打猎 / 狩猎 寻找
wipe 擦 抹去（痛苦、回忆等）
wrap 包 / 裹 围住
swallow 吞下 / 咽下 抑制 / 掩饰
话题词汇
描述情感
的形容词
高兴
happy, pleased, joyous / joyful, etc.
afraid, frightened, scared, terrible, etc.
anxious, nervous, worried, stressed out, etc.
angry, annoyed, etc.
sorry, ashamed, etc.
satisfied, etc.
disappointed, hopeless, etc.
sad, unhappy, upset, etc.
moved, touched, etc.
amazed, astonished, curious, surprised, etc.
calm, confident, tired, etc.
悲伤
感动
惊奇
满意
遗憾
忧虑
恐惧
愤怒
失望
其他
本单元金句汇总
1. The surest way to success is sticking to your goal.
2. They got stuck in a traffic jam.
3. The equipment is checked on a regular basis.
4. There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 人教新必修③ –3
5. A good teacher suits his lesson to the age of his pupils.
6. Don’t claim to know what you don’t know.
7. To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking.
随堂检测
stick & stuck
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his promise!（2018 全国） ___________
2. In Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.（2020 山东） ___________
3. In an effort to clean up quickly, Mrs Byrnes tossed（扔）all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth and stuck them in the oven.（2015 湖南） ___________
4. I got stuck on the first question. ___________
信守诺言
困住 / 无法移动
放
被难住
二、翻译下列句子。
1. 我出不去，我被卡住了。
____________________________
2. 我们堵车堵了一个多小时。
____________________________
I can’t get out. I’m stuck.
We were / got stuck in traffic for over an hour.
relate
一、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students. （2011 北京） ___________
2. He later related the whole story to me. ___________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The chapter relates _______________ the effects of the Internet on teenagers.
2. Wealth is seldom _______________ (relate) to happiness.
3. The ______________________ (relate) between them is that of teacher and pupil.
三、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。
Traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations ________________（与……密切相关）public order. (related)（2015 江苏改）
to
叙述 / 讲述
理解
related
relation / relationship
closely related to
一、将下列短语按 regular 的释义分类。
regular 释义 ：规则的；定期的；有规律的 following a pattern, especially with the same time and space in between each thing and the next
regular 释义 ：频繁的；经常的 happening or doing sth very often; frequent
regular 释义 __________________ ____________________
regular 释义 __________________ ____________________
a regular customer
a regular occurrence
on a regular basis
a regular heartbeat
regular
a regular customer, a regular heartbeat, on a regular basis,
a regular occurrence（常事）
二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. After years of regular treatment, she finally became healthy. （2016 天津） ____________
2. The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern. （2012 安徽） ____________
3. On Monday he would have to return to his regular duties. ____________
4. The handsome actor has a face with regular features.
____________
5. This is the best burger in Houston for sure. I absolutely love getting a cheeseburger, regular fries and a soda here. _____________
正常的
端正的 （a face with regular features 五官端正的脸庞）
规则的
定期的
中份 / 标准的
三、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who ______________________________________________（经常锻炼）. （2014 天津）
2. She couldn’t find any _________________ （固定的工作）.
3. I’m a ________________（忠实读者）of your newspaper. （2011 全国）
4. Hannah still has the normal life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she ___________________ （定期拜访）to homeless people. （2017 北京）
exercises regularly 或 takes / does regular exercise
pays regular visits
regular job
regular reader
选出适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。
1. Mary: Mike, how do I look in these blue jeans
Mike: Wow, great! They really ___________ you, Mary!（2014 四川）
2. Only Cinderella’s foot ___________ perfectly and so the prince chose to marry her.（2014 福建）
3. If you can find whatever learning method that ___________ you, your learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.（2011 上海）
4. — The shoes are too tight.
— Well, they do __________ your dress.
suit
fit
suits
match
suit
suit, fit, match
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1.Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.（2014 福建） ___________
2. Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students.（2013 福建） ___________
3. “Genius” is a complicated concept, involving many different factors.（2012 上海） ___________
4. Many stories involve some kind of conflict or danger. ___________
参加
需要
涉及
与……有关
involve
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Parents should ___________________（参与）their child’s education.
2. More than 100 people _______________（参与）the project.
3. I was so __________________（全神贯注看书）that I didn’t hear you knock.
4. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress ____________
（与……有关）various events.（2016 上海）
involve themselves in
were involved in
involved in my book
is involved in
claim
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. No one had called to claim the dog, so Ann decided to keep it.
（2014 山东） _____________
2. He tried to claim that he had acted in self-defence. _____________
3. The company claims that their product “makes you thin without dieting”. _____________
4. Heart disease is the biggest killer, claiming 180,000 lives a year.
_____________
认领这只狗
宣称
声称
夺去18万人的生命
5. The group claimed responsibility for a series of accidents.
_____________
6. If you’re still not satisfied, you may be able to claim cash checks.
_________________
7. The Foreign Affairs Department has denied claims that the men were ill-treated. _________________
8. The company had made false claims about its products.
_________________
要求现金支票
否认了……的说法
做了虚假宣传
宣称对……负责
sum
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I was good at sums when I was at school. ____________
2. The sum of 7 and 12 is 19. ____________ 3. This is the sum of my achievements so far. ____________
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Bill wants to spend ____________________（一大笔钱）to buy a big house.
2. You should ____________________（总结）your argument in the final paragraph.
3. So, ________________________________（总之）, we need to organise our time better.
算术
总和
全部
a large sum of money
sum up
to sum up / in summary / to summarise
谢
谢
观
赏