选择性必修第二册 Unit6The Media TOPIC TALK 词汇精讲课堂课件(共50张PPT)

(共50张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
版本：新北师
单元：选择性必修二 Unit 6 (TOPIC TALK)
本单元词汇梳理
1. microblogging micro- (微小的) + blogging (博客)
2. hence 近义词：therefore，是正式用语 (对应so)
3. broadcast 合成词：broad (adj 广阔的) + cast (扔、掷、撒 cast的过去分词)
词源：最初 broadcast 只作形容词和副词，表示“撒播的”或“用撒播的方式”，限用于播种。后用作动词，表示“撒播”，后衍生出词义“散布”或“传播” 。20世纪20年代初，broadcast 开始用于指无线电信号的播送。此后broadcast 的本义逐渐被废弃。
词块：a live broadcast, be broadcast live
4. economic 词族：economy, economic, economical, economically, economics, economist
词块：economic development / crisis
5. political politic (adj 精明的) + -al (形容词后缀)
词族：politic, political, politics, politician
6. diverse 近义词：various；派生词：diversity
7. election elect (v 选举) + -ion (名词后缀)；词块：a general election
8. campaign camp (field 平地) + -aign (古代军队常选择在平坦的旷野中扎营，既便于安营扎寨，又拥有开阔的视野，免遭敌人突袭)
campaign原指军队之间的“战役”，后引申为政治、商业或社会目的而进行的 “运动”
同根词：camp, campus；词块：election campaigns
9. candidate 词源：本意是“身穿白袍的”，在古罗马时代，那些谋求公职的竞选人在竞选场合中，往往会身穿一身白袍，一来表示自己品行洁白无瑕，无可挑剔；二来一身白衣在人群中格外醒目，易于给选民留下深刻影响，candidate由此衍生出“竞选人”“候选人”意思。
10. coverage cover (v 报道) + -age (名词后缀)
词块：news coverage
11. debate de- (down) + bat (to beat 打) + -e (动词后缀) → 用言语击打对方 → 辩论
正式用语，对应discussion
词块：a heated debate (about / over sth)
12. available 英语释义：able to be used or can easily be bought or found
13. interpret inter- (between 中间) + pret (to sell) → 买卖双方的中介，后词义演变为“解释、理解、领会、口译”
派生词：interpreter, interpretation
14. acknowledge ac- (处于) + knowledge (知道) → 处于知道的状态 → 承认 (基本义)
词块：be acknowledged as
派生词：acknowledgement
15. dismiss dis- (away 离开) + miss (to send 送走) → 将……送走 →让……离开(正式用语)
意为“解雇”时日常英语中用fire，不用dismiss
词块：dismiss sb from sth, dismiss … as …, dismiss the class
16. up-to-date 同up to date
17. outline out (外面) + line (线) → 外面的线 → 轮廓 → 文章等的“轮廓”→ 概要；提纲
名词动词化：画出……的轮廓；概述
18. mixture mix (v 混合) + -ure (名词后缀)
词块：a mixture of
19. precisely precise (精确的) + -ly (副词后缀)
pre- (before 在前面) + cise (to cut 剪切) → 把前面的剪掉，使刚刚好 → 精确的
近义词：exactly
20. consult con- (together 一起) + sult (to gather 聚集) → 聚到一起
进行讨论 → 商量 / 商讨
词块：consult with sb about sth, consult a dictionary / the Internet
词族：consult, consultant, consultation
21. complicated complicate (v 使复杂) + -ed (形容词后缀)
近义词：complex，在书面语中经常用complex。
22. alternative 词块：alternative energy, have no alternative but to do sth
派生词：alternatively
23. purchase pur- (forth 向前) + chase (to run after 追赶) → 向前追赶 → 获得、得到 → 买到
正式用语 (对应buy)
词块：make a purchase
重难点词精讲
cover &
coverage
一词多义
熟词生义
debate
economic
interpret
熟词生义
acknowledge
英语释义
词族
熟词生义
搭配义
一词多义
英语释义
dismiss
一词多义
available
英语释义
alternative
英语释义辨析义
elect & election
英语释义
economic R3 adj
［只用于名词前］经济（学）的；经济上的 connected with trade, industry and the management of money：
an economic crisis
economic theory
有利可图的；合算的 producing a profit (profitable)：
The mine was closed because it was not economic.
economics n [U] 经济学
选必二U5
【词汇拓展】
economical adj 经济的；实惠的；节约的 using money, time, goods, etc. carefully and without wasting any：
an economical car
economically adv 在经济上；节约地：
Although the country has had political independence for over a century, economically it needs the support of its neighbors.
同族词：economy（选必三U7）, economic, economical, economically, economics（选必二U5）, economist
elect & election
2021年1月6日，美国国会举行联席会议，确认美国总统大选结果。1月7日凌晨，美国国会确认民主党人乔·拜登赢得306张选举人票，在总统选举中获胜。
The US Congress certified Democrat Joe Biden’s presidential election victory with 306 Electoral College votes.
elect vt
［常用于被动语态］选举；推选 to choose sb for an official position by voting：
① elect sb to sth:
I’ll never forget being elected to the student council.
② elect sb (as) sth:
They elected Smith (as) mayor.
［正式用语］选择；决定 to choose to do sth:
elect to do sth:
He has elected to become a doctor.
【知新】election n [C] & [U] 选举；推选：
a general election
elect 构词：e- (out 出) + lect (gather, choose 选择) → 选出 → 选举
election
elect + -ion
cover & coverage
覆盖；遮盖 to place sth over or in front of sth：
Low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. 2019 全国
I covered my face with my hands.
In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. 2012 全国
走完（一段路程）；占地：
Since he first started offering rides to the young
people, Wilson has covered 64,000 miles. 2019 北京
They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres.
cover sth with sth
cover vt
cover 基本义是“覆盖”
涵盖；包括；涉及；处理 to include or deal with sth：
Does the fee cover the charge for visiting the place
Journalism is a course for seniors, in which we will cover how to gather, write, and report the news.
We need some time to cover so many things.
采访；报道 to report the details of an event：
A journalist was sent to cover the conference.
足以支付；够付 to provide enough money for sth：
To cover the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to
pay $10 each time. 2010 福建
覆盖范围：
5G coverage areas
（书、节目、课程等的）内容范围；信息范围：
magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics
新闻报道：
When the journey ended, Zac’s adventure received widespread media coverage. 人教新选必④ – 3
保险范围：
insurance coverage
coverage n [U]
(cover + -age)
覆盖 cover v （基本义）
用某物覆盖某物
覆盖；遮盖
覆盖多个抽象事物
覆盖距离或空间
覆盖新闻事件
覆盖费用、花销
涵盖；包括；
涉及；处理
走完（一段路程）；占地
采访；报道
足以支付；
够付
cover & coverage 语义网络图
覆盖范围
（书、节目、课程等的）内容范围；信息范围
保险范围
新闻报道
coverage
debate
构词：de-（down） + bat（to beat 打） + -e（动词后缀）。
开脑洞：辩论的本质也是用言语击打对方，即唇枪舌战。
（正式）讨论；辩论 to discuss sth in a formal way or at a public meeting (discuss)：
They debate the topic openly.
We debated for an hour on the advantages and disadvantages of his plan.
① debate (sth) with sb:
We must debate the problem with the rest of the members.
② debate + wh- 从句 / wh- to do:
My friends and I sometimes debate whether or not there is life on other planets.
debate
■ vi & vt
反复考虑；斟酌 to think about or discuss sth before deciding what to do：
This Christmas I was debating what to give my father. 2012 湖南
■ n [C] & [U] 讨论；辩论；争论：
open / close a debate
under debate
There is a fierce / heated debate about / on / over the question whether the experiment should be allowed.
available
看图
猜释义
available adj
可用的；可得到的 able to be used or can easily be bought or found：
[不用于名词前]（人）有空的 (of a person) free to be seen, talked to, etc.：
Cold drinks will be available at the Sports Center. 2009 天津
With all the information available, they found the hotel in the mountain easily.
In the 1940s, electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States. 2011 安徽改
There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game. 2010 福建
I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available. 2013 安徽
availability n [U] 可获得性；可用 / 得到的人或物
【词汇拓展】
汉语中很难找到精准的词对应，需借助英语释义来理解
interpret
vt 解释；阐述 to explain the meaning of sth：
Freud attempted to interpret the meaning of dreams.
vt 把……理解为：
In France, a person encountering the gesture for
“OK” may interpret it as meaning zero. 人教新选必① – 4 改
vt & vi（口头）翻译：
She couldn’t speak English so her children had to interpret for her.
【词汇拓展】interpretation n [C] & [U] 解释；口译
interpreter n [C] 传译员；口译者
interpret v
构词：inter- (between 中间) + pret (to sell) → 买卖双方的中介，后词义演变为“解释、理解、领会、口译”
爱读英文小说的同学们，一定对上图中的话不陌生。这是英国著名小说家简·奥斯汀 (Jane Austen) 所著的长篇小说《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice) 的开篇第一句，译成中文是：
凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条举世公认的道理。
acknowledge
acknowledge
构词：ac-（处于）+ knowledge（知道）→ 处于知道的状态 → 承认（基本义）
acknowledge vt
承认 to accept or admit that sth is true or exists：
acknowledge one’s error
He is acknowledged as / to be one of the greatest pianists.
They acknowledged (to us) that they were defeated.
“承认”某事的真实性，比admit正式
向……打招呼；对……做出反应 to show that you have seen
or noticed sb / sth or received sth：
I was standing right next to her, but she didn’t even acknowledge me.
He acknowledged the greeting with a nod.
（公开）感谢 to publicly express thanks for help you have been given：
I should like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family.
“承认”注意到某人 / 某物
公开“承认”获得他人的帮助
acknowledgement n [C] & [U] 承认；确认；[常用复数] 鸣谢
有些英文书的正文前或正文后有一页Acknowledgements，可翻译成“致谢；感谢；鸣谢”。
【词汇拓展】
承认
（基本义）
向……打招呼；
对……作出反应
承认
“承认”某事的真实性
“承认”注意到某人
/ 某物
acknowledge 语义网络图
公开“承认”获得他
人的帮助
（公开）感谢
dismiss
Friends 《老友记》
dismiss vt
［正式用语］让……离开；解散：
dismiss sb with a wave of the hand
The class was dismissed early today.
［常用于被动语态］解雇；开除：
He was dismissed from his job for incompetence.
消除（顾虑等）；拒绝考虑：
dismiss fears / doubts from one’s mind
He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.
构词：dis- (away 离开) + miss (to send 送走) → 将……送走 → 让……离开
dismiss
让人离开某地
让人离开岗位
让顾虑、建议等离开
同义异构：fire
让……离开dismiss
（基本义）
dismiss 语义网络图
让人离开某地
让人离开岗位
让……离开；解散
让顾虑、建议等离开
消除（顾虑等）；拒绝考虑
解雇；开除
看到上面两幅图，大家很容易想到风能和太阳能，这些自然能源即为“替代能源”（alternative energy）。此时，alternative可译为“可替代的”。alternativealternative
■ adj
[只用于名词前] 可供替代的；可供选择的 that you can use, do, etc. instead of sth else：
an alternative method of learning
The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road.
非传统的；另类的 different from what is usual or traditional：
an alternative lifestyle
alternative energy
■ n [C] 选择；供选择的东西：
Minibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport.
have no alternative but to do sth
除了做某事别无选择：
I had no alternative but to report him to the police.
【拓展】
alternatively adv
[引出第二种选择或可能的建议] 二者选一地；或者：
I could come to your house, or alternatively we could meet in town.
三个词中，alternative 最正式，choice 较 option 稍非正式。
option, choice 或 alternative均可表示可选择的事物。
alternative 较常用以指两个选择，后可接介词 to：
You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.
表示选择权或选择的自由最常用 choice，有时也可用 option，但通常不用 alternative：
Do I have a choice of what color to paint my room
option 也指计算机程序里的选项、选择。
【辨析】alternative, choice, option（选必三 U7）
本单元金句汇总
1. I’ll never forget being elected to the student council.
2. Low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass.
2019 全国
3. When the journey ended, Zac’s adventure received widespread media coverage. 人教新选必④ – 3
4. There is a fierce / heated debate about / on / over the question whether the experiment should be allowed.
5. I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available. 2013 安徽
6. She couldn’t speak English so her children had to interpret for her.
7. He is acknowledged as / to be one of the greatest pianists.
8. I should like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family.
9. The class was dismissed early today.
10. I had no alternative but to report him to the police.
随堂检测
economic
根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. The economic crisis reflects badly on the government’s policies. __________ 2. The book’s intention was to make economic theory（理论）more digestible. ___________
3. The new system may be more economic but will lead to a decline（下降）in programme quality. ___________
4. There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it.（2009 山东） ___________
经济危机
经济的
合算的
经济学
elect & election
在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Increasing numbers of people elect ___________ (work) from home nowadays.
2. The group elected one of its members ___________ (be) their spokesperson.
3. The school board（校董会） is made up of parents who have ___________ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs.（2013 上海）
4. Besides, I have such a good command（掌握）of English that I am elected ___________ assistant（助手）to my English teacher.（2015 陕西）
5. The recent ___________ (elect) has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.（2013 湖南改）
been elected
as
to work
to be
election
一、在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The waitress covered the table __________ a cloth.
2. The most attractive point of GPS is its 100% __________ (cover)
on the planet.
二、根据句意，用一个单词替换下列各句中的cover。
1. He laughed to cover his nervousness. __________
2. They walked for a long time and covered almost 20 miles.
__________
3. The course covers all aspects of business and law. __________
with
hide
travelled
includes
coverage
cover & coverage
一、在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. We are having a debate _________________ this topic. Here are some letters from our readers.（2015 湖南）
2. We debated ___________ to fly or go by train, finally deciding on the train.
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。
There is _________________（激烈的争论）over the question whether the experiment should be allowed.
debate
a heated debate
about / on / over
whether
一、根据语境，选出下列句子中available的英语释义。
1. In the 1940s, electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States.（2011 安徽改） _______
2. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available.（2017 全国） _______
3. We do have tickets available for that movie on those days.（2013 北京） _______
4. The program guidelines and other related information are available at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.（2014 全国） _______
d
a. able to be used
b. can easily be bought
c. can easily be found
d. (of a person) free to be seen, talked to, etc.
a
c
b
available
二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but __________________（我没空）.（2013 安徽改）
2. This information ___________________（任何人都可获得）wishing to see it.
3. — Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind
— Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe
（还能借到）.（2012 福建改）
4. We must consider how to make full use of ____________________
（可用资源）we have.
I was not available
is available to anyone
it is still available
the available resources
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.（2011 上海） ___________
2. I didn’t know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal. ___________
3. No one in our tour group spoke Spanish so we had to ask the guide to interpret. ___________
解释
把……理解为
翻译
interpret
acknowledge
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. He acknowledges that when he’s tired he gets bad-tempered. ____________
2. We wish to acknowledge the support of the university.
____________
3. He waved, acknowledging the applause. _____________
承认
感谢
对……作出回应
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. It is widely ________________ (acknowledge) that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.（2014福建）2. The film festival is acknowledged __________ an event of international importance.3. She is usually acknowledged ____________ (be) one of our best artists.4. The flowers were a small ________________ (acknowledge)of your kindness.asto beacknowledgedacknowledgementdismiss
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Dismissing her fears, she climbed higher. ___________
2. Both actors dismissed any idea of a romantic relationship between them.
___________
3. He was so irresponsible that the boss decided to dismiss him.
___________
4. The teacher dismissed the class ten minutes early because she had a meeting. ___________
5. He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.
___________
否定 / 拒绝考虑
消除
否认
解散
解雇
alternative
一、根据句意，写出画线部分的汉语意思。
1. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical（天文的）incidents. But alternative explanations are hard to find.（2017 江苏） ___________
2. I was a student who went on alternative break trips, and had my life totally transformed by that experience.（2011 天津） ___________
非传统假期旅行
别的解释
二、根据所给汉语，完成句子。
1. If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them ___________________________（他们能够信赖的替代物）. （2014 山东）
2. Do you have ______________________________________ （解决这个问题的其他方法）in your mind
3. Facing energy crisis, more new __________________________（替代能源）is needed to search for.
4. I’m afraid ______________________________________（我别无他法，只有让你离开）.
5. __________________________（除了咖啡有没有其他选择）on the menu (n)
an alternative they can rely on
an alternative method of solving the problem
alternative energy
Is there an alternative to coffee
I have no alternative but to ask you to leave
谢
谢
观
赏