人教版九年级下册 Unit14 中考复习 课件(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
英语专项复习
人教版新目标
九年级英语下册
中考复习专项九：
句子类型
教学目标：
中考考点：
1.陈述句的肯定式和否定式；
2.疑问句的四种类型；
3.感叹句的两种结构；
4.祈使句的肯定式和否定式
5.肯定倒装句和否定倒装句的用法
能力要求：
1.陈述句的肯定变否定，否定变肯定；单数变复数；复数变单数；（重点）
2.陈述句变成一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句；（重点）
3.感叹句how / what 的构成及运用；（难点）
4.祈使句的用法（难点）
5. so 的肯定倒装句和neither / nor 的否定倒装句（疑点）
复习动词的分类：
1.
2.
3.
4.
be 动词：am , is , are , was , were ,
助动词：do , does , did
情态动词：could , must , can , may , might , have to , can't
行为动词/实义动词：run , laugh , speak , smile 除了be动词，助动词，情态动词，剩下的都是行为动词；
考点一：陈述句：用于陈述一个事实或表达说话让人看法的句子。通常用句号结尾； 陈述句分为肯定句和否定句；
陈述句按动词的分类分为四种：
1. 含有be 动词的陈述句；
I am a teacher ;
Bob is watching TV;
They were playing computer games .
变成否定句：
I am not a teacher ;
Bob is not watching TV;
They were not playing computer games ;
含有be 动词的陈述句；
I am a teacher ;
Bob is watching TV;
They were playing computer games .
变成一般疑问句：
Are you a teacher Yes , I am . / No, I'm not .
(第一人称变成一般疑问句，要改成第二人称）
Is Bob watching TV Yes , he is . / No, he isn't .
Were they playing computer games
Yes , they were ./ No, they weren't .
小结：
当陈述句子里面含有be 动词；变成否定句时在be 动词后直接加not ；变成一般疑问句时， 把be 动词提前即可;
Exercises :
1. She is an English girl .(改为否定句）
She ___ ____ an English girl .
(改成一般疑问句,并做肯定回答和否定回答）
___ ____ an Englsih girl
Yes ,_____ ____ . / No , ____ _____ .
is
not
Is
she
she
is
she
isn't
2. 含有情态动词的陈述句;
I can play the guitar .
Bob and Lucy could speak English at the age of 4.
We must obey the school rules .
变成否定句：
I can not play the guitar .
Bob and Lucy could not speak Englsih
at the age of 4.
We must not obey the school rules .
2. 含有情态动词的陈述句;
I can play the guitar .
Bob and Lucy could speak English at the age of 4.
We must obey the school rules .
变成一般疑问句：
Can you play the guitar
Yes , I can . / No , I can't .
Could Bob and Lucy speak Englsih
Yes , they could . / No, they couldn't .
at the age of 4.
Must we obey the school rules
Yes , you must . / No , we needn't .
小结：
陈述句里含有情态动词could /can ...的陈述句：变成否定句时，在情态动词can/ could 后面直接 not ； 变成一般疑问句时，把情态动词could / can 提前；
1. She can speak English .(变成否定句）
She ____ ____ speak English .
（变成一般疑问句，并作出回答）
_____ ____ speak English
Yes ,___ _____ . / No, ___ ____
can
not
Can
she
she
can
she
can't
3. 只含有行为动词的陈述句；
1. Lily likes to watch TV every day .
2. You look beautiful today .
3. They did a lot of homework yesterday .
变成否定句
1. Lily doesn't like to watch TV every day .
2. You don't look beautiful today .
3. They didn't do a lot of homework yesterday .
3. 只含有行为动词的陈述句；
1. Lily likes to watch TV every day .
2. You look beautiful today .
3. They did a lot of homework yesterday .
变成一般疑问句：
1. Does Lily like to watch TV every day
Yes , she does . / No, she doesn't .
2. Do You look beautiful today
Yes , I do . / No, I don't .
3. Did they do a lot of homework yesterday
Yes , they did . / No , they didn't .
小结：
当陈述句中的谓语动词只有行为动词充当时，变成否定句需要在行为动词前加上don't , doesn't , didn't ,同时要把行为动词还原成原形即可；
变成一般疑问句需要Do , Does , Did 来帮忙， 助动词放在句首，同时要把行为动词还原成原形即可。
eg . Lily likes apples .(改成否定句）
Lily ______ _____ apples .
（改成一般疑问句）
____ Lily ____ apples
Yes , ____ ____ ./ No, ____ _____ .
doesn't
like
Does
like
she
does
she
doesn't
4. 现在完成时的句子即：含有have /has + done ...
的陈述句：
I have learned English since 2012.
She has kept the books for two weeks .
They have been to Thailand twice .
变成否定句：
I have not learned Englsih since 2012.
She has not kept the books for two weeks .
They have not been to Thailand twice .
4. 现在完成时的句子即：含有have /has + done ...
的陈述句：
I have learned English since 2012.
She has kept the books for two weeks .
They have been to Thailand twice .
变成一般疑问句：
Have you learned Englsih since 2012
Yes , I have . / No, I haven't .
Has she kept the books for two weeks
Yes , she has . / No, she hasn't .
Have they been to Thailand twice
Yes , they have . / No, they haven't .
小结：
在现在完成时的句型中即:
主语+have / has +p.p +...的陈述句；变成否定句时，在have/ has后加not ;
变成一般疑问句时，把Have / Has 提前即可。
Exercises :
She has kept the books for two weeks .（改为否定句）
She ____ ____ kept the books for two weeks .
（改为一般疑问句）
___ she ____ the books for two weeks
Yes , she ___ . / No , she ___ .
has
not
Has
kept
has
hasn't
考点二：疑问句：
1.一般疑问句
2.特殊疑问句
3.选择疑问句
4.反意疑问句
1. 一般疑问句：用yes 或no 回答的疑问句；
结构：
1. Be+ 主语+...？
2. Does / Do / Did助动词 +主语+...？
3. Could / Can/ Must / May ...情态动词+ 主语+...？
4. Have/ Has + 主语+ p.p +...
eg. 将下列句子改成一般疑问句，并回答。
1. I am a student .
_____ ______ a student
Yes , ___ _____ . / No, _____ ____ .
2. Lily watches TV every day .
_____ Lily _______ TV every day
Yes , ______ _____ . / No, _____ _____.
Are
you
I
am
I'm
not
Does
watch
she
does
she
doesn't
eg. 将下列句子改成一般疑问句，并回答。
3. Lily can speak English .
____ Lily _____ English
Yes , she ____ . / No, she ______.
4. You have learned English for three years .
______ you ______ English for three years
Yes , ____ ____ . / No, _____ ______.
Can
speak
can
can't
Have
learned
I
have
I
haven't
2. 特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？
What language does she speak
特殊疑问句：常见的疑问句有：who（谁） , whom（谁） , whose （谁的）, what（什么） , when （什么时候）,
what time （几点），where（哪里） , how（怎样） , how old（多大） , how much（多少钱） , how many（多少） , which（哪个） , why（为什么） , how long（多长时间） , how soon（多久） , how often ,（多久一次）
Exercise :
1. She teaches English since 2012.(划线提问）
_____ ______ ______ she ______ English
How
long
does
teach
3. 选择疑问句= 一般疑问句+or +被选择的对象？不能用yes 和no 回答。
Is she tall or short
Can she play the drums or the piano
4. 反意疑问句：陈述句，简单问句？
用yes 和no 回答； 事实是肯定的用yes , 事实是否定的用no .
遵循的原则是： 前肯定， 后否定；
前否定，后肯定；
She is a nurse ,____ _____
They can fly a kite ,___ _____
Lucy watches TV,______ _______
They have learned English ,______ _____
She isn't a nurse ,______ ______
They can not fly a kite ,______ _______
They haven't learned English ,____ ______
There is little water in the bottle ,_____ ____
Let's ..., _____ _____
Let us ... , ______ ______
Don't speak ,______ _______
isn't
she
can't they
doesn't she
haven't they
is she
can they
have they
is there
shall we
will you
will you
I have few friends here,
I have a few frends here,
She has little money in her bag,
She has a little money in her bag,
Danny can hardly speak Chinese,
6.Danny can speak some Chinese,
do I
does she
can he
don’t I
doesn’tshe
can’t he
考点三：祈使句：表示命令，请求或建议某人做某事的句型；
结构：
肯定式： V原形+ ...
Stand , please .
Open the door .
否定式： Don't + V原形+...
Don't smoke .
Don't talk .
练习题：
Stand up , please .（改为否定句）
____ _____ up , please .
Don't stand
考点四：感叹句：以感叹号结尾的句子即...
结构分两种：
1. What + a/an + 形容词+ 名词+主语+谓语！
2. How + 形容词/副词+主语+谓语！
eg . What a beautiful girl she is !
How beautiful the girl is !
练习题：
( ) 1. ___ fine weather it is today !
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
A
考点五：倒装句
肯定倒装句结构：
So +be动词/ 助动词/情态动词/ have / has + 主语.
（某人也一样，后面的人和前面的人不是同一个人）
否定倒装句结构：
Neither / (Nor )+be 动词/助动词/情态动词/ have / has +主语.
eg . -Lucy is a beautiful .（Lucy是一个漂亮的女孩）
- So is Lily .（Lily 也是）
---John can't speak English .(John 不会说英语）
---Neither can Helen .（Helen 也不会）
So +主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词/have / has .
(某人确实如此）
一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am / is / are + p.p+...
1. The students clean the classroom every day .(改成被动语态）
The classroom _____ _______ by the students every day .
2. Most of Germans speak German .(改成被动语态）
German ____ ______ by Germans .（改成被动语态）
3. The postman brings letters and postcards to people's homes .（改成被动语态）
Letters and postcards _______ ______ to people's homes by the postman .
is
cleaned
is
spoken
are
brought
一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was / were +p.p+...
eg. 1.They sold the fridge at a low price .（改为被动语态）
The fridge ______ _____ at a low price (by them ).
2.Different writers translated the book into different languages .（改为被动语态）
The book _____ ______ into different languages by different writers .
3. Our parents advised us not to go out alone .（改为被动语态）
We _____ ______ not to go out alone by our parents .
was
sold
was
translated
were
advised
含有情态动词的被动语态：
主语+情态动词+be +p.p+...
eg. 1. Paretns should allow the teenager to choose their own clothes .
The teenagers should _______ _______to choose their own clothes .
2. You must clean your classroom every day .
Your bedroom must ____ ______ every day .
3. Parents should give teenages chances to make their own decisions .
Teenages should _____ ______ chances to make their own decisions .
be
allowed
be
cleaned
be
given
小结：将主动语态变成被动语态的基本方法：
1.将主动语态的宾语作为被动语态的主语；
2.谓语动词变成be +及物动词的过去分词， 并通过be 的变化来表达出不同的时态。
3.主动语态的主语变成by 短语， 组成介词短语，有时可省略。
We saw an alien get out of the UFO .
An alien ____ _____ ____ get out of the UFO .
If you see the cartoon film , you will____ laugh .
a , be made B. be made to C. make to D. make
was
seen
to
B
句型转换：
1.Sandra enjoys her stay in the city .（改为否定句）
Sandra _____ _____ her stay in the city .
2.She will have her singing lessons next Monday .(划线提问）
______ _______ she have her singing lessons
3.They get a letter from their son twice a week .（划线提问）
____ ______ do they get a letter from their son
4.The woman in white is a nurse .(同上）
_____ ______ is a nurse
doesn't
enjoy
When
will
How
often
Which
woman
1.It rained heavily yesterday morning .（变成一般疑问句）
____ it _______ heavily yesterday morning
2.The girl is my cousin . The girl is wearing glasses .（合并成一句话）
The girl ____ ____ wearing glasses is my cousin.
3. The boy is too young to go to school .（同义句）
The boy is ____ young ____ he can't go to school .
The boy isn't ______ ______ to go to school .
Did
rain
who
is
so
that
old
enough
4. The teacher asked me , “Will you be a volunteer ”（变成宾语从句）
The teacher asked me ____ I ______ be a volunteer .
5. I will go to Canada to visit my uncle in three days .（划线提问）
____ _____ will you go to Canada to visit your uncle
6.Mr. Smith is a very kind man .
______ _____ kind man Mr. Smith is !
if
would
How
soon
What
a
1.The mooncakes are delicious .（改为感叹句）
_____ ______ the mooncakes are !
_____ ____ mooncakes they are !
2. My grandma cleans the room every day .（改成被动语态）
The room ____ _____ by my grandma every day .
3.Mary didn't use to sleep late ,______ ____
How
delicious
What
delicious
is
cleaned
did
she
4. We must plant trees every year .（改成被动语态）
The trees must _____ ______ every year .
5. The boss makes the workers work 12 hours every day .
The workers ______ made _____ work 12 hours every day .
be
planted
are
to
考点六:其它
单数变复数：
人称代词有单复数；指示代词有单复数；
动词有单复数； 名词有单复数；
She is a girl . (变成复数）
_____ ____ ____ .
They
are
girls
This is my pen .
____ ______ my ______.
These
are
pens