人教版九年级下册 Unit14 名词 课件(共28张PPT)

(共28张PPT)
名词
考点一 不可数名词
1
不可数名词
(1)不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与a/an或具体数字连用，但特指某物时可以与定冠词the连用。
(2)要表示一定的数量时，常与a cup of, a bottle of, a piece of 等量词连用，如a cup of tea 一杯茶； two bottles of water 两瓶水
注意：区别two boxes of chalk与two boxes of apples。
2
不可数名词
(3)只能修饰不可数名词的词有：a little(一点)，little(几乎没有)，much/a great deal of(许多)
(4)常见的不可数名词有：
food, drink, tea, orange, milk, water, rice, bread, meat, chicken, pork, beef, mutton, fish, work, homework, news, advice, information, weather, Chinese, English, music等
互动一
例题一
(　　)1. —After P．E., I often feel very thirsty.
—Why not buy some ________ to drink
　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A．bread B．noodles C．apple juice D．teas
(　　)2. I want a sweet milk. Put some ________ in
my cup, please.
A．ice B．soup C．salt D．sugar
例题二
D
C
考点二 可数名词
可数名词
1
(1)可数名词后可以加 s或 es构成复数形式，用于表达超过“一个”的数的概念。
(2)只与可数名词复数连用的单词：few(几乎没有)，a few(一些), many/a great many(许多)
(3)既能与可数名词连用也能与不可数名词连用的单词：some, any, a lot of/lots of, plenty of。
例如：
There is some/a lot of milk in the bottle.
There are some/a lot of flowers in the garden.
可数名词
2
(4)名词复数的基本变化规律：
规律 例词
①一般在词尾直接加 s book—books　chair—chairs
②以s, x, o, sh, ch结尾的单词通常在词尾加 es class—classes　　box—boxes
brush—brushes　　watch—watches
③以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，把y改i，再加 es; 以元音字母＋y结尾的词，直接在词尾加 s family—families　　factory—factories
key—keys　　monkey—monkeys
④以o结尾的词，有生命的名词加 es；
无生命的名词则直接加 s potato—potatoes　　tomato—tomatoes
radio—radios　　zoo—zoos
⑤以f或fe结尾的词，改f或fe为v加 es leaf—leaves　　thief—thieves
可数名词
3
(5)单数名词变复数的不规则变化：
a—e　例如：man—men, woman—women, policeman—policemen
oo—ee　例如：foot—feet, tooth—teeth, goose—geese
child—children, mouse—mice
(6)表示“某国人”的单复数变化如下(记忆口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s 加后面)：
Chinese—Chinese　Japanese—Japanese
Frenchman—Frenchmen　Englishman—Englishmen
German—Germans　American—Americans　Indian—Indians
Australian—Australians　Canadian—Canadians
可数名词
5
(7)有的名词只有复数形式，通常是人们身上穿的、戴的、用的。例如：people, police, clothes, trousers, pants, jeans, scissors, shorts。
(8)常见的单复数同形的名词有：Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer, fish。例如：
a Chinese—two Chinese a sheep—many sheep
可数名词
4
(9)由两个名词组成的名词词组，通常只变后面一个名词为复数。
例如：
an apple tree—two apple trees
a girl student—many girl students
a shoe shop—a few shoe shops
但如果前面名词是man或woman时，则两个名词都要变成复数。例如：
a man teacher—some men teachers
a woman doctor—ten women doctors
互动一
例题一
例题二
B
B
(　　)1. When Peter comes, please ask him to leave a ________．
A．notice B．message C．sentence D．information
(　　)2. If you work harder, you'll have another ________
to play the violin at a concert.
A．sleep B．Chance C．mistake D．problem
考点三 名词所有格
名词所有格
(1)'s所有格：表示有生命名词的所有格
①不以s结尾名词的所有格，直接在词尾加's。例如：Kate's bag, my friend's bike, Children's Day, Women's Day
②以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，在词尾加'。例如：Teachers' Day, students' books
③表示两人共同拥有的人或物，在后一个人名后加's。例如：Lucy and Lily's mother
④表示两人分别拥有的人或物，则两个人名后都要加's。例如：Tom's and Jim's books
⑤表示店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地名时，所有格后面的名词常常省略。例如：at the doctor's
⑥双重所有格：用's所有格与of 所有格相结合。例如：a friend of my father's　　a book of mine
1
名词所有格
(2) of 所有格： 表示无生命名词的所有格。例如：the door of the room, the color of the clothes。但是有些表示时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城市等无生命的名词，也可加's构成所有格。
例如：today‘s newspaper　　
　 eight days' holiday＝an 8 day holiday
five minutes' walk＝a five minute walk
2
互动一
例题一
例题二
B
A
(　　)1. —How far is it from Tianjin to Changsha
—It is a ________ flight from Tianjin to Changsha.
A．2 hour long B．2 hours long C．2 hours' long D．2 hour long
(　　)2. A friend of my ________ and I are going to visit ________ next week.
A．father; Browns B．father's; the Browns
C．father; the Browns D．father's; Browns
sound
voice
noise
①sound 表示“声音”，指耳朵能听到的各种声音。
例如：
I heard the sound of the bell.
②voice 表示“声音”，主要指人的声音。
例如：
She has a beautiful voice.
③noise 指“噪音”。词组有：make a noise等。
1.The ________ made me feel annoyed. I want to be in a quiet place.
2．The teacher said in a loud ________，“Please keep silent.”
3．At the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but the ________ of the running water.
sound
voice
noise
job
work
① job “工作”，是可数名词。
②work “工作”，可以作名词或动词；作名词表示“工作”时是不可数的；作名词表示“著作”时是可数的。
1.He has lost three ________， because he doesn't ________ hard.
2．Do you want to ________ late We will have a ________ for you as a waiter.
jobs
work
job
work
a number of
the number of
①a number of 表示“大量的；许多”，谓语动词用复数。
例如：
A number of persons are playing chess.
②the number of 表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。
例如：
The number of people in the room is 50.
1.____________ foreign students are studying in this college.
2．____________ American students is over 30.
A number of
The number of
idea
advice
①idea 表示“主意”，是可数名词。
例如：a good idea。
②advice表示“建议；忠告”，是不可数名词。
例如：a piece of advice。
1. Can you give me some ________ on how to learn English well
2．He has got a good ________ to deal with his old books.
idea
advice
news
information
message
①news 表示“新闻；消息”，是不可数名词。例如：two pieces of news.
②information 表示“信息；资料”，侧重信息的价值，是不可数名词。
例如： some information
③message 表示“消息；音信”，侧重信息的简短，是可数名词。 常用词组：leave a message(留言); give a message to…(捎口信给……)
instruction
④instruction 表示“说明；须知；教导”，是可数名词。
例如：some instructions
1. What bad ________！ The school trip will be put off because of the sports
meeting.
2．—I don't know how to use this machine.
—It doesn't matter. Here is the ____________．
3．Would you please give a __________ to Li Lei He is not at school.
4．Can you provide me with some ____________ about the trip
news
information
message
instruction
house
family
home
①house 表示“住宅”，指的是具体的房子或建筑物。
②family 表示“家；家庭”，也可指全体家庭成员。
③home 意为“家”，带有眷恋等感彩。
1. I bought a new ________ in Zhongshan.
2．Tom has a big ________. There are six people in his ________．
3．She has been in Shenzhen for 10 years. Shenzhen has become her second ________．
house
family
home
family