Unit1-3 核心词汇和语法单选专项练 2022-2023学年初中英语人教版八年级下册（含答案）

Unit1-3 核心词汇和语法单选专项练
1．—_________
—I have a headache and I don’t feel like eating anything.
A．How are you
B．What can I do for you
C．What’s the matter with you
D．How do you like it
2．She is ________ girl with two big eyes.
A．a 8-years-old B．a 8-year-old C．an 8 years old D．an 8-year-old
3．Li Lei ________ his money. So he had to borrow some from his friends.
A．ran off B．ran away C．ran out of D．ran out
4．He eats ________ food, so he is ________ fat.
A．much too; too much B．much too; many too
C．too much; much too D．too much; many too
5．—________ the policeman, the doctors saved the man ________ time.
—Oh, that meant ________ a man’s life.
A．Thanks for; in; to save B．Thanking; at; to lose
C．Thanks to; in; saving D．Thanks to; on; losing
6．— My cousin has a bad _________.
— He shouldn’t eat so much sweet food.
A．backache B．toothache C．headache D．stomachache
7．_________ the doctors and nurses, the illness was under control in time.
A．Thanks for B．Thanks to C．As for D．According to
8．These new types of energy cost very little and will never ______.
A．look out
B．come out
C．run out
D．stay out
9．—Is Paul in control ________ this supermarket
—Yes. ________ our surprise, he really does a good job.
A．of; With B．with; With C．of; To D．with; To
10．— It’s too hard for me to be a pilot.
— Never _________. Believe in yourself.
A．put up B．give up C．hurry up D．look up
11．Please __ your temperature and tell me if you have a fever.
A．have B．catch C．take D．test
12．Jack sometimes wants to ______ his job, because he finds it a little boring.
A．change B．understand C．choose D．catch
13．Tom is a warm-hearted man and he has spent years ___________ his sick aunt.
A．looking for B．asking for C．waiting for D．caring for
14．Yesterday our head teacher made such an ________ speech that we all felt ________.
A．exciting; exciting B．excited; excited
C．exciting; excited D．excited; exciting
15．I heard him ___________ the piano in the room last night.
A．played B．plays C．to play D．playing
16．UNICEF was _________ in l946 to improve children's lives after World War II.
A．given up B．put up C．set up D．got up
17．More and more rich people have promised to ___________ their wealth after death to help the poor and the disabled.
A．give away B．give up C．give out D．give off
18．— Karen takes ___________ her mother.
— Yes, she is similar ___________ her mother.
A．for; as B．after; with C．after; to D．away; from
19．—Did you and your sister go to Miss Brown’s party yesterday
—No. Neither of us ______.
A．invites B．invited
C．is invited D．was invited
20．—Lucy, please help me ___________ the garden.
—OK! I’m coming, Dad.
A．clean up B．fix up C．cheer up D．put up
21．John turned around and looked at Tom ________ surprise.
A．for B．with C．in D．to
22．– Last summer holiday, I didn’t go anywhere. How boring!
– . But I’m going somewhere for a holiday this summer.
A．Neither I did B．Neither did I C．So did I D．So I did
23．—Shall we go on a picnic tomorrow
—It ________ the weather. If it rains, we won’t do it.
A．goes on B．deals with C．depends on D．gives up
24．In the examination, the ________ you are, the ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A．careful; little B．more careful; less C．careful; few D．more careful; fewer
25．She is very good at painting.She can paint her teacher.
A．as better as B．as well as C．as good as D．so well as
26．Could I ________ your bike Mine is broken.
A．borrow B．lend C．bring D．take
27．—Could I smoke here
—____. Look at the sign” No smoking!”
A．Yes, you may. B．Of course you can.
C．No, you can’t. D．No, you couldn’t.
28．Enough sleep is good for health. If you ________ for your favorite TV programs, you will feel sleepy.
A．stay up B．set up C．pick up D．wake up
29．Every day my mother has ________ to do.
A．so many housework B．such many chores C．so much chores D．so much housework
30．—Could you please________my pet dog while I am away
—Sure. Don’t worry. I can look after it very well.
A．take place B．take care C．take care of D．take part in
参考答案：
1．C
考查情景交际。How are you你好吗；What can I do for you我能帮你什么；What’s the matter with you你怎么了；How do you like it你认为它怎么样。根据“I have a headache and…”可知，对方不舒服，应问他怎么了。故选C。
2．D
考查形容词。因为“8”为元音音素开头的单词，所以应该用不定冠词an，故可排除A和B。an 8 years old“8岁”，常用作表语；an 8-year-old“8岁”，常用作定语。又根据“She is”和“girl”可知，此处缺少定语。故选D。
3．C
考查动词短语。ran off使流出；ran away跑开；ran out of用完，主语一般是人；ran out用完，主语一般是物。根据“his money.”结合语境可知，钱用完了，主语是人，应用ran out of。故选C。
4．C
考查形容词和副词短语。much too+形容词和副词，表示“太……”；too much+不可数名词，表示“太多……”；没有many too这种说说法。food在本句中是不可数名词，应用too much修饰；fat“胖的”，是形容词，应用much too修饰。故选C。
5．C
考查动词短语辨析，介词辨析以及非谓语动词。thanks for因……而感谢；thanks to多亏。根据“the policeman, the doctors saved the man ”可知，第一空表示多亏了那个警察，所以应填Thanks to。in time及时；on time按时。根据“saved the man”可知，此处指及时救了那个人，所以第二空填in，且救了那个人意味着救了一个人的命，save“拯救”符合，故选C。
6．B
考查名词辨析。backache背疼；toothache牙疼；headache头疼；stomachache胃疼。根据“He shouldn’t eat so much sweet food.”可知，是牙疼，因此“toothache”符合句意。故选B。
7．B
考查介词短语辨析。Thanks for感谢；Thanks to多亏；As for至于；According to根据。根据“the illness was under control in time”可知，是多亏了这些医生和护士，因此“Thanks to”符合句意。故选B。
8．C
look out向外看，come out出来，run out用光，stay out待在户外。根据and连接并列成分，and前表示这些新能源花费少，因此and后表示它们不会用光，故选C。
9．C
考查介词。of……的；with和；to到，朝向。be in control of意为“掌管，掌控”；to one’s surprise意为“令某人吃惊的是”。故选C。
10．B
考查动词短语。put up张贴；give up放弃；hurry up快点儿；look up（在词典中）查找。根据“Believe in yourself.”可知，此处是不要放弃，因此“give up”符合句意。故选B。
11．C
A. have有；B. catch抓住；C. take量；D. test休息；根据take one’s temperature量体温固定搭配；故选C
12．A
考查动词辨析。A. change改变，变更；B. understand理解；C. choose选择；D. catch赶上，抓住，接住。根据下文“因为他觉得有点无聊”可知“杰克有时想换工作”；结合句意可知填change；选A。
13．D
考查动词短语辨析。looking for寻找；asking for要求；waiting for等待；caring for照顾。根据“Tom is a warm-hearted man”可知应是照顾姑姑，故选D。
14．C
考查形容词辨析。exciting令人兴奋的/激动人心的，修饰物；excited兴奋的，修饰人。根据“an ... speech”可知第一空表示激动人心的演讲，用exciting；再由“we”可知第二空表示我们感到兴奋，用excited。故选C。
15．D
考查现在分词作宾语补足语。根据“I heard him...the piano in the room last night.”可知，昨天晚上我听见他在房间弹钢琴。hear sb. do sth.“听见某人做某事”，强调全过程；hear sb. doing sth.“听到某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在进行，playing符合句意。故选D。
16．C
A. given up放弃；B. put up张贴；C. set up建立、成立；D. got up起床。UNICEF是一个国际组织，根据to improve children's lives，为了改善孩子们的生活，可知应该是指联合国儿童基金会成立了，结合选项，可知C选项set up“建立、成立”符合题意，故答案选C。
点睛：分析句子结构可知主语UNICEF是动作set up的承受者，句子应该用被动语态，1946年是一个过去的时间，所以本句应使用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为were/was+动词的过去分词。由句意可知set up“建立，成立”符合题意，set的过去分词形式是原形，故答案选C。
17．A
考查动词短语。give away捐赠；give up放弃；give out分发；give off散发出。根据“to help the poor and the disabled”可知此处是指有钱人捐赠财富帮助穷人和残疾人。故选A。
18．C
考查单词辨析。for为了；as作为；after在……之后；with和；to到；away离开；from从。take after“(与父母等)在性格、外貌等方面相像”；be similar to“与……相似”，符合语境，故选C。
19．D
考查过去时的被动语态。Neither of us做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。又是过去时的被动语态，都没有被邀请。故选D。
20．A
考查动词短语。clean up打扫；清理；fix up修理；cheer up使……高兴；put up张贴；搭建。根据宾语“the garden”可知是“打扫花园”，故选A。
21．C
考查介词辨析。for为了；with和；in在……里；to到。介词短语in surprise表示“吃惊地”。故选C。
22．B
Neither I did形式错误；Neither did I.我也没有；So did I.我也一样，只能用于肯定句；So I did.我的确那样做了。根据对话中But I’m going somewhere for a holiday this summer.可知第二个说话人也是哪儿都没去，neither是否定的意思，位于句首，应用倒装结构，故应选B。
23．C
考查动词短语。goes on继续；deals with处理；depends on取决于；gives up放弃。根据“It...the weather. If it rains, we won’t do it.”可知明天去不去野餐要取决于天气如何。故选C。
24．D
考查the+比较级，the+比较级及little和few的辨析。little少的，后续不可数名词，其比较级为less；few少的，后续可数名词复数，其比较级为fewer。the+比较级，the+比较级“越怎么样，就越怎么样”。根据“In the examination”可知应是越认真，犯错误越少，而“mistakes”为可数名词复数。故选D。
25．B
考查形容词和副词的区别。better比较级；good好的，形容词；well好地，副词。“as…as…”意思为“与……一样”，中间为形容词或副词的原级，在否定句中，第一个 as 也可换成 so。本句为肯定句，且空格处修饰谓语动词 paint，应用副词 well，故选B。
26．A
考查动词辨析。borrow借入；lend借出；bring带来；take拿。根据“Could I…your bike ”可知是想要”借入”，故用borrow。故选A。
27．C
考查情景交际。Yes, you may.是的，你可以；Of course, you can.你当然能；No, you can’t.不，你不能；No, you couldn’t.不，你不能。根据句意…the sign “No smoking”可知答案应为否定的，排除A和B。对话中用Could表示委婉的语气，答语中应用can，故应选C。
28．A
考查动词短语。stay up熬夜，不睡觉；set up建立；pick up捡起；wake up醒来。根据“Enough sleep is good for health”可知，充足的睡觉对健康有好处，所以熬夜会让人疲劳。故选A。
29．D
考查形容词和名词辨析。many，修饰可数名词；much，修饰不可数名词；housework，不可数名词；chore，可数名词。应用much修饰不可数名词housework“家务活”，当名词前面有many/much/few/little修饰时，用so而不用such，排除选项A；chores是复数名词，前面应该用so many修饰，排除选项B和C。故选D。
30．C
考查动词短语。take place 发生；take care 当心；take care of 照顾；take part in参加。结合本题中的my pet dog以及look after可推断，所缺的词是take care of。故选C。