2023届高考复习强基固本专题练 语法填空类 专项练习( 含答案解析)

高中英语 2023高考复习强基固本专题练
人教2019版选择性必修三 语法填空类 专项练习
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China was once the world’s biggest recipient of overseas trash. Because of a __1__ (short) of enough raw materials, China began importing solid waste in 1980. The recycling of ___2___ (import) waste helped to fill that gap. Recycling foreign trash has support the development of China’s manufacturing sector and further boosted its economy. After ___3___ (process), garbage can be turned into materials that can be used to make products, such as chairs and bags. However, importing this waste has brought ___4___ (many) risks than benefits. Waste that can’t be ___5___ (proper) used is either burned or buried, ___6___ processing recyclables also leads to rivers, air and land pollution, as well as ___7___ (vary) diseases. But from Jan 1, 2021, China will make a sweeping ban ___8___ all imports of solid waste. According to China Daily, the ban taking effect in 2021 is the final stage of policies introduced in 2017, since ___9___, the volume of foreign waste ___10___ (fall) by 68 percent, from 42 million to 13 million tons in 2019. “The victory of realizing the goal of zero imports of solid waste is in sight,” said Qiu Qiwen, from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many years ago in a small village, an old man____11____ (hire) to clear the spring (泉水) up on the mountain. He patrolled (巡逻) the spring every day, and swept away all the leaves and other things that would dirty the fresh flow of water. Soon, beautiful swans (天鹅) came to the clear spring and with time ____12____ (go) on, the village became a popular____13____ (attract) for visitors.
Years passed. One evening the town leaders thought ____14____ unnecessary to keep this old man on year after year and so the old man was asked to leave.
For several weeks, nothing changed. By early autumn, the leaves began to fall ____15____ the trees, and the spring was covered with leaves. A few days later, the water was much ____16____(dark). Only a few months after the old man left, all the swans left, as did the tourists. Disease reached deeply into the village.
Quickly, the leaders held a special meeting. Realizing their decision to fire the man was not ____17____(reason), they rehired the old man. Since then, the village ____18____(enjoy) great popularity among the tourist.
So, ____19____ your work or your life seems to be small, never overlook it. Anything we can do will make ____20____difference
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient China lived an artist___21___ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ___22___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would___23___(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with ___24___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ___25___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___26___ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ___27___ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, ___28___ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds___29___ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ____30____ earth, Mother Nature.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is ____31____(wide) known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, ____32____ the many ups and downs in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main ____33____(factor) has been the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning, ____34____(write) Chinese was a picture-based language. It Dates back several thousand years to the use of Longgu ---- animal bones and shells on which symbols ____35____(carve) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi.
By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols ____36____(become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, ____37____(lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country ____38____the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great ____39____ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, _____40_____ matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The consequences of not eating a balanced diet may be much more serious than we thought. A major study___41___(suggest) it contributes to one in five deaths worldwide has been published in The Lancet recently. About 11 million deaths every year may have been prevented by taking in fewer red meat, sugary drinks and fats.
The seven-year study___42___(look) at dietary factors from 1990 to 2018 in 195___43___(country) and found that people were eating too many of the wrong types of food, and too little of the food___44___(they) bodies needed. And that may be___45___important reason for a range of diseases.
“This study says that poor diet is responsible___46___. more deaths than any other risk factor in the world", study author Christopher Murray noted in a release. "___47___sodium(钠)，sugar, and fat have been the focus of debates over the past two decades, our study___48___(official) suggests that the leading dietary risk factor is the low intake of healthy foods."
The result underlines that the current food education campaigns aren't quite ___49___(effect). The finding shows that necessary measures should be taken urgently___50___(balance) peoples diets around the world.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While the Internet has guaranteed the place of English as the most used language, Chinese still holds the top position as the most used mother tongue. Since Shang dynasty, Chinese people ___51___ (use) a complete system of characters. One of the great advantages of using one single writing system is that people ___52___ speak different dialects can understand each other’s writing. Therefore, communication can go on ___53___ many troubles. People in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan still write traditional Chinese characters, while people on China’s mainland use ___54___ (simplify) Chinese characters, but it does not pose much ___55___ (difficult) in recognizing the characters. Some scholars believe that Chinese characters are one of the important ___56___ (factor) that keep South and North China unbroken for ___57___ very long time. Some scholars even consider Chinese characters ___58___ (be) the Fifth Great Invention of Ancient China, alongside the other Four Great Inventions, which are paper, the compass, gunpowder and movable typography (活版印刷术). Though pronunciation marks are ___59___ (slight) different, Chinese characters ___60___ (adopt) in other languages in ancient time, which indicates China`s cultural influence on these countries since ancient times, especially during the Tang(618—907) and the Song(960—1279) dynasties.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Christo Javacheff, who was usually known by his first name, was born in Bulgaria in 1935. In 1959, he met his wife Jeanne-Claude in Paris. Together, the two ____61____ (form) a strong partnership.
They worked as a team to create huge artworks ____62____ (call) installations (现代雕塑装置). In these installations, Christo and Jeanne-Claude often changed the way buildings or large areas of land looked — a kind of art known as “land art”. Their artworks were very large, ____63____ cost a lot of money to create. The ____64____ (artist) paid for the projects themselves by ____65____ (sell) the drawings they made for each installation. Many projects seemed so unusual that the couple had to work very hard. Though the couple’s works were known as “land art”, they ____66____ (place) on the water most of the time.
Most of the installations only stayed for a few weeks or months before being taken down. It meant that they lasted for a short period of time. “I am an artist, and I have to be ____67____ (courage). My artworks all go away when they are ____68____ (final) finished,” Christo said.
Christo already passed away. But he left behind ____69____ art world forever changed by the memory of his huge artworks. He surprised the world again and again _____70_____ his imagination and the artworks he created.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Walking is great for weight loss, but the benefits go far beyond from higher energy and better mood to stress relief, creativity boost, and more. Whether you’re just having a down day or a down life, taking ___71___ walk can lift your mood especially when you go outdoors.
Money for a gym membership, home exercise ___72___ (equip), workout clothes and shoes ___73___ (add) up a lot. But it doesn’t have to. Walking requires ___74___ (absolute) nothing but still provides great health benefits. And ___75___ it can save is not only on things, but also on healthcare. Those who exercised regularly saved much money when it came to healthcare costs compared to those not meeting the minimum weekly exercise requirements.
Sleeping a solid eight hours a day ___76___ (be) one of the most important ___77___ (thing) you can do for your health. But sometimes that’s easier ___78___ (say) than to do. Thankfully, a fast walk may be all you need. People who exercise regularly, including walking, fall asleep more quickly, sleep ___79___ (long), and have better quality sleep. Walking is also good for your brain. When you walk, your foot’s impact ___80___ the ground sends pressure waves through the arteries (动脉) that increase blood flow to the brain.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Guardian gave us the bad news that red and processed meat can shorten life. But The Daily Telegraph provided the good news that exchanging one portion （部分）of red meat a day ___81___fish or nuts could cut the risk of early death by almost a fifth.
Both headlines ___82___（put） forward by a major new study into diet and health ___83___（outcome）. Researchers looked at changes in diet for more than 50, 000 women and 27, 000 men in the US, over 16 years.
They found that those ___84___ had changed their diet to include more red meat ___85___（be） around 10% more likely to die during the study. While reducing red meat alone did not result in lower risk of death, eating other food such as fish or nuts did ___86___（slight） reduce the risk of death.
We still need to be ___87___（care） about the findings. This study cannot tell us for sure that red meat or changes in red meat ___88___（consume） are the direct cause of changes in length of life. But ___89___ results support existing healthy eating advice____90____（limit） red and processed meat, and to eat plenty of vegetables, fruit and other protein sources such as nuts and legumes （豆类）.
语法填空。
Scientists have stated the physical and psychological benefits of being in green space. Walking among the trees ____91____(enhance) your well-being. But there’s more to nature’s gifts ____92____ just the greens of trees and grass. Blues have benefits too, a new study finds.
Short walks in blue space can have a positive effect ____93____ your well-being and mood, according to research ____94____(lead) by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal). Blue space includes beaches, rivers, lakes and other areas featuring water.
Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, director of the Urban Planning, Environment and Health Initiative at ISGlobal, and his colleagues conducted many ____95____(study). During a one-week period, adults spent 20 minutes each day walking on a beach. Then, during a different week, they spent 20 minutes walking along city streets. In ____96____ week, they spent 20 minutes just resting indoors. Before, during and after each activity, researchers asked each participant questions ____97____(assess) their mood and well-being.
“We saw a ____98____(significance) improvement in their well-being and mood immediately after they went for a walk in blue space,” Nieuwenhuijsen said. “It shows that people’s mood and well-being can ____99____(improve) by walking in blue space. They should _____100_____(frequent) walk in blue or green space.”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，如有括号提示，请以提示词的正确形式填空。
In Chinese art history, Qi Baishi ranks as a ____101____ (tower) figure. His unusual and playful style opened ____102____ a new prospect in the imagery of traditional Chinese painting, and has left a rich legacy still widely recognized in modern society.
Lifelike shrimps play a key role in Qi’s vast body of visual artworks. The “shrimps” are so popular ____103____ they have become synonymous with the painter himself. Unlike his predecessors, Qi Baishi painted shrimps in an impressionistic style with swift and definite brush strokes. He used different shades of ink ____104____ (model) the shrimp’s torso (躯干) and head. These shrimps are not just passive subject matter; rather they are firmly stating their ____105____ (present).
Qi, an all-round artist, ____106____ (bear) to a family of farmers in Hunan in 1864. He learned carpentry in his teens, after ____107____ he taught himself the arts of painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting. The years spent in rural areas ____108____ (sow) in him a deep-rooted love of nature. During his youth, he traveled around the country to seek inspiration from nature while ____109____ (enthusiastic) studying the masterpieces of early Chinese painters. Qi settled in Beijing in 1919 and soon achieved wide fame in _____110_____ Chinese capital. Qi Baishi opened a new window for the fine art world. He was named the “People’s Painter” and awarded the title of “People’s Artist” by China’s Ministry of Culture.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
World Health Day is celebrated every year on April 7, the founding day of the WHO.____111____ (establish) in 1950, this event has a theme each year to draw attention to a current world health issue. The day is also used to highlight the ____112____ (important) of personal health. For common people, we can take some extra steps ____113____ (care) for our health like getting a gym membership (and going!) or starting a diet.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, ____114____ large sculptures are on display all over the world. One way for him to find inspiration is thinking about his children’s toys. These ____115____ (object) have given him ideas for his animal sculptures, such as the famous Rubber Duck. A more recent work of his is the huge Floating Fish, ____116____ was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rising sea levels are threatening coastlines in China, for example in ____117____ (city) such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou. If sea levels rise by one meter, more than 92,000 square kilometers of China’s coast could be flooded. This could potentially force 67 million people ____118____ (move) away. Almost two-thirds of the ice in Asia’s glaciers (冰川) could disappear if average global temperature rises beyond 1.5℃ by the end of the century. If that happens, the impacts ____119____ China will be felt in multiple areas, from water availability, to agriculture, and to biodiversity.
The good news is ____120____ China is becoming a global leader on climate action. For example, over the last five years, China ____121____ (use) more solar and wind energy than any other country in the world. China is also the largest clean energy investor in the world — ____122____ (spend) some $130 billion in new energy in recent years.
The development of electric vehicles is particularly ____123____ (inspire) in China. More than 50 percent of electric vehicles in the world ____124____ (sell) in China every year. And China is now a world leader in the ____125____ (promote) of clean energy technologies.
Ecological civilization has become the cornerstone (基石) of China’s long-term development strategy, much like climate action is _____126_____ important part of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___127___ (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___128___(develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ___129___(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___130___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to ___131___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___132___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___133___(visit) the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide ___134___(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.___135___(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim _____136_____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The painted Clay Figure Zhang is a kind of folk artwork from the Han Dynasty ___137___ is deeply loved by the people. Vivid images and rich colors make it ____138____ (extreme) popular.
The painted Clay FigureZhang enjoys a wide range of themes from local customs, folk tales, stage theatres, ____139____ classical literature masterpieces. The painted sculptures are not only similar in ____140____ (appear), but also lifelike with their vivid forms. Usually it ___141___ (display) indoors, due to t small size. That is ___142___ it is also called shelf sculptures. The painted clay figure is an art form covering a vast scope for decorations on various occasions and has an important role in beautifying the environment and ____143____ (serve) the society.
The origin of the name, "Clay Figure Zhang", ___144___ (create)in the late Qing Dynasty, is a folk painted art spreading in the North. Clever and ____145____ (imagine), Zhang often observed people from all walks of life in the market and various roles in the theatre, and then secretly kneaded（捏制）clay figures in his sleeves. He became a legend when the figures he made tuned to be lifelike. His unique art earned ____146____(he) worldwide reputation and household love from the common people who kindly nicknamed him ""Clay Figure Zhang".
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the days____147____( grow) colder, Pasang has made preparations for the winter by purchasing____148____generous amount of natural gas to warm his home.
“In the past, we burned cattle dung (牛粪) for heating. The rooms would be covered with dust, and the sky would sometimes get gray,” said Pasang, a resident of Lhasa, capital of southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region.
His home was connected by natural gas pipelines seven years ago. “With the gas, my home is warmer, and we are also contributing____149____bluer skies,” he said.
Now, the signature blue skies dotted with white clouds not only give local people a breath of fresh air but are also a vital part of the region’s charm for visitors from home and abroad. The wide use of natural gas is one of the keys behind the clean air in Tibet. “In Lhasa’s case, so far natural gas____150____(adopt) for heating in more than 90 percent of its urban area,” said a local company in charge of natural gas supplies.
Amid the country’s boom of new energy vehicles (NEVs),Tibet is also popularizing NEVs while phasing out (淘汰) older cars with high pollution and high energy____151____(consume).
Electric cars are also gaining____152____(popular) for their eco-friendly features and lower costs. Penpa, another resident in Lhasa, said he and many of his friends have replaced their traditional vehicles with electric ones. “Everyone should make an effort____153____(keep) the air clear in Lhasa,” Penpa said.
Atop a mountain over 5,000 meters above sea level, the Ali observatory — more than 1,400 km from Lhasa — is still frequented by astronomy lovers____154____brave (勇敢面对) a zigzagging road to get a much____155____(close) look at the stars.
Zhou Yunhe, director of the observatory, said more than 3,100 tourists have visited the observatory since the turn of the year.
Despite the impact of COVID-19, Tibet received 36.89 million tourists in the first three_____156_____(quarter) this year, up 15.2 percent year on year, and tourism revenue surged 26.6 percent, official data showed.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With a history of more than 6,000 years, Chinese painting, originally ___157___ (pursue) by wealthy people, developed around 221 BC during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Then, it became popular around 581 AD as more and more people began to show ___158___ (appreciate) of its beauty.
Basic tools and materials for Chinese painting involve writing brushes, ink and paper. The Chinese painting brush is mostly made of goat, wolf or fox hair, ___159___ is suitable for producing brushes that are both soft and stringy (有韧性).
The ink stick is produced with a mixture of pine soot (松烟) and animal glue. It’s used in combination with an ink stone. The painter wets the ink stone and then grinds (研磨) the ink stick on the stone, ___160___ (make) the ink run so that it can be used for painting.
Many Chinese ancient artworks ___161___ (create) on silk. However, silk was ___162___ expensive that only very important paintings would use it. By the first century, when the early form of paper was invented, it had become a lot ___163___ (cheap) to paint.
Traditional Chinese painting enjoys worldwide fame ___164___ its original style, distinctive features and special techniques. It emphasizes harmony between man and nature. When looking at a Chinese painting, you may not ___165___ (initial) realize its complex concept. In fact, much remains ____166____ (learn) about traditional Chinese painting and its elements. Through appreciating Chinese painting, you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a ____167____ (typical) Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain's appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored worse on memory tests and experienced a ____168____ (great) desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)-a region of the brain ____169____ supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby ____170____ (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, ____171____ control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on ____172____ (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to junk food, but recently this has been observed only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of ____173____ (toast) sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found participants performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically dependent ____174____ the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team ____175____ (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability _____176_____ (control) our appetite.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___177___ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___178___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___179___ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ___180___ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ___181___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ___182___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ___183___ (they) living at a different time in history or ___184___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___185___ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete ____186____people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
187．At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. (用适当的词填空)
188．Becoming lost in the mental________(concentrate) or physical action which you are deeply interested in helps you shift focus from the parts of life that are stressful. （所给词的适当形式填空）
189．They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals. (用适当的词填空)
190．It is difficult ________(understand) why she barks every minute. （所给词的适当形式填空）
191．________ (fortunate), curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them. （所给词的适当形式填空）
192．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I needn't _______（take）my umbrella with me. （所给词的适当形式填空）
193．Nick’s paid dearly _________ his mistakes. (用适当的词填空)
194．Life is like a long race _________we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (用适当的词填空)
195．I used to hate__________（tease）about my red hair when I was at school. (所给词的适当形式填空)
196．Many westerners ________ came to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. (用适当的词填空)
197．________ is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time. (用适当的词填空)
198．It's wise to assign special exercises ___________ the weaker students.（用适当的词填空）
199．—Where did you get to know her？
—It was on the farm _________we worked. (用适当的词填空)
200．When we got a call____________（say）she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. （所给词的适当形式填空）
201．________ (learn) to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
202．The famous writer and his works ________ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. （用适当的词填空）
203．Either you or one of your students___________(be) to attend the meeting tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空）
204．Please read the labels __________ information includes shelf life, nutrition information and way of storage. (用适当的词填空)
205．I can’t find my purse. I ________ have left it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure. (用适当的词填空)
206．When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying. (用适当的词填空)
语法填空答案及解析：
1．shortage 2．imported 3．being processed 4．more 5．properly 6．while 7．various 8．on 9．when 10．has fallen
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述从2021年1月1日起，中国将全面禁止所有固体废物的进口，这将有益于环保。
1．考查名词。句意：由于缺乏足够的原材料，中国从1980年开始进口固体废物。不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数，short的名词为shortage“不足，缺乏”。故填shortage。
2．考查过去分词。句意：进口废物的回收利用有助于填补这一空白。解析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作前置定语修饰名词waste，此处表示被进口的，所以空处需用过去分词imported作前置定语。故填imported。
3．考查动名词。句意：垃圾经过处理后，可以转化成可以用来制作产品的材料，如椅子和袋子。介词after后需用动名词作宾语，此处表示被处理，所以空处需用动名词的被动语态：being done。故填being processed。
4．考查形容词的比较级。句意：然而，进口这些垃圾带来的风险大于好处。由空后 than benefits可知，空处需用many的比较级more，表示更多的风险。故填more。
5．考查副词。句意：不能正确使用的废物要么被焚烧，要么被掩埋，而处理可回收的废物也会导致河流、空气和土地污染，以及各种疾病。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词used。故填properly。
6．考查连词。句意同上。根据空前后句意可知，此处由对比之意，所以此处需用连词while“而，可是”。故填while。
7．考查形容词。句意：不能正确使用的废物要么被焚烧，要么被掩埋，而处理可回收的废物也会导致河流、空气和土地污染，以及各种疾病。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词diseases，vary的形容词为various“各种各样的”。故填various。
8．考查介词。句意：但从2021年1月1日起，中国将全面禁止所有固体废物的进口。make a ban on…对……发出禁令，固定搭配。故填on。
9．考查定语从句。句意：据《中国日报》报道，将于2021年生效的禁令是2017年出台的政策的最后阶段，自那以来，外国垃圾的数量下降了68%，从4200万吨下降到2019年的1300万吨。由空前时间词可知，空处需用since when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2017，since when=and since then。故填when。
10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。由前文连接词since可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是单数 the volume of foreign waste ，所以此处助动词需用has。故填has fallen。
11．was hired 12．going 13．attraction 14．it 15．off 16．darker 17．reasonable 18．has enjoyed 19．though 20．a
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位老人被雇来清理泉水时，村庄干净美丽，但是老人被解雇后，村庄很快变脏了，重新雇佣老人之后，村庄继续变得受游客欢迎。
11．考查时态和语态。句意：许多年前，在一个小村庄里，一位老人被雇来清理山上的泉水。根据时间状语Many years ago可知，动作发生在过去，句子应用一般过去时，结合语意，hire与主语an old man之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，an old man是单数，be动词应用was。故填was hired。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：很快，美丽的天鹅来到了干净的泉水边，随着时间的推移，这个村庄成了游客的热门景点。解析句子，空处作宾语补足语，go与逻辑主语time之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填going。
13．考查名词。句意：很快，美丽的天鹅来到了干净的泉水边，随着时间的推移，这个村庄成了游客的热门景点。解析句子，空处作动词became的宾语，应用名词形式，且空前出现不定冠词a，空处应填名词的单数形式。故填attraction。
14．考查it作形式宾语。句意：一天晚上，镇上的领导认为年复一年地雇用这位老人是没有必要的，因此要求这位老人离开。解析句子，不定式短语to keep this old man on year after year是真正的宾语，空处应用it作形式宾语。故填it。
15．考查介词。句意：到了初秋，树叶开始从树上落下，泉水被树叶覆盖。结合语意，空处应填介词off，构成fall off表示“从……落下”。故填off。
16．考查形容词比较级。句意：几天后，水变得更黑了。结合语意，此处表示泉水变得更黑了，且空前由much进行修饰，空处应填形容词的比较级形式。故填darker。
17．考查形容词。句意：意识到解雇这位老人的决定不合理，他们重新雇用了这位老人。解析句子，空处在be动词之后作表语，应用形容词形式，结合语意，空处应填reasonable，表示“合理的”。故填reasonable。
18．考查时态。句意：从那时起，这个村庄在游客中很受欢迎。句中since表示“自从”，句子应用现在完成时，主语the village是单数，所以谓语动词应用has enjoyed。故填has enjoyed。
19．考查让步状语从句。句意：所以，尽管你的工作或生活似乎很小，但千万不要忽视它。结合语意，空处表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，应用though引导从句。故填though。
20．考查冠词。句意：我们能做的任何事情都会有影响。make a difference为固定短语，表示“有影响”。故填a。
21．whose 22．finest 23．be chosen 24．curiosity 25．When/As 26．pointed 27．to find 28．gently 29．surrounding 30．On
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。
21．考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
22．考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
23．考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
24．.考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
25．考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
26．考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
28．考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。解析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
30．考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。
31．widely 32．despite 33．factors 34．written 35．were carved 36．had become 37．leading 38．where 39．importance 40．no
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的书写系统的发展历史。
31．考查副词。句意：中国因其古老的文明而广为人知，尽管历史上有许多起伏，但它一直延续到现代。修饰谓语动词is known用副词作状语，故填widely。
32．考查介词。句意：中国因其古老的文明而广为人知，尽管历史上有许多起伏，但它一直延续到现代。解析句子可知，空格后内容与空格前内容为让步关系，空格后“the many ups and downs”为名词短语，despite意为“尽管”，介词词性，后接名词或名词短语作宾语。故填despite。
33．考查名词。句意：有很多原因可以解释这一点，但其中一个主要因素是中国的书写系统。解析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“one of+名词复数”，意为“……中的一个”，应使用名词复数。故填factors。
34．考查非谓语动词或形容词。句意：一开始，书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。解析句子可知，句中有谓语动词was且句中无连词，应用write的非谓语动词形式作定语，Chinese与write之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词作定语，written“书面的”也是形容词，修饰名词作定语。故填written。
35．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它的历史可以追溯到几千年前的龙骨的使用，中国古代人在上面雕刻符号的动物的骨头和贝壳。解析句子可知， on which引导定语从句，carve作从句的谓语，与主语symbols是被动关系，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语symbols是复数，故填were carved。
36．考查时态。句意：到商代时，这些符号已经成为一种发达的书写体系。解析句子可知，become是谓语动词，由时间状语“By the Shang Dynasty”可知，句子描述“过去的过去”存在的状态用过去完成时，故填had become。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：多年来，因为那是一个人们在地理上分裂的时代，该系统发展成了不同的形式，导致了方言和文字的多样性。解析句子可知，lead to意为“导致”，句中有谓语动词developed且句中无连词，应用lead的非谓语动词形式。lead与“the system developed into different forms”为逻辑上的主动关系，应用lead的现在分词leading，在句中作结果状语，表示意料之中的结果。故填leading。
38．考查定语从句。句意：秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个国家，在那里中国的文字系统开始向一个方向发展。解析可知，“________ the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction”为之前名词“one unified country”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
39．考查名词。句意：那种书写系统在团结中国人民和中国文化方面具有重要意义。形容词修饰名词作介词of的宾语，be of great importance“非常重要的”，important“重要的”，名词形式importance，故填importance。
40．考查连词。句意：即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么方言，他们都可以用书面形式交流。根据句意，空格处引导让步状语从句，no matter where“无论哪里”符合语境，故填no。
41．suggesting 42．looked 43．countries 44．their 45．an 46．for 47．Although/Though 48．officially 49．effective 50．to balance
【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了不均衡饮食的严重后果。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，一项表明它会造成世界范围内5分之一死亡的研究已经发表了。解析句子，句子的谓语是has been pulished，所以suggest要用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语study与suggest是主动关系，故填suggesting。
42．考查动词时态。解析句子，look和found是这个句子的并列谓语，found用的过去时态，故填looked。
43．考查名词复数。country是可数名词，前面有195修饰，故填countries。
44．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：七年的研究发现了从1990年到2018年，195个国家的的规定饮食，而且指出人们吃了太多的错误的食物种类，太少的身体需要的食物。解析句子可知___4___(they) bodies needed是省掉了连接词的定语从句，空白处是形容词做定语，they的形容词性物主代词是their，故填their。
45．考查不定冠词。解析句子可知，reason是可数名词单数形式，important是元音发音开头，故用不定冠词an。
46．考查介词。句意：这项研究指出不健康的饮食比任何其他冒险因素都更能造成死亡。be responsible for意为对......负责，故填for。
47．考查连词。句意：虽然钠、糖和脂肪在过去的20年一直是争论的焦点，但是我们的研究官方地指出冒险的固定饮食的主导因素是健康饮食的低射入。根据句意，前后为虽然……但是……的关系，故填Although/Though。
48．考 查副词。suggests是动词，应该用副词修饰，official的副词是officially，故填officially。
49．考查形容词。句意：结果强调现行的食物教育活动不是非常有效。解析句子，应该是形容词做are的表语，effect的形容词为effective，故填effective。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：发现表明：应该采取必要的措施来平衡人们的饮食。解析句子可知此处表目的，用to do，故填to balance。
51．have been using##have used 52．who##that 53．without 54．simplified 55．difficulty 56．factors 57．a 58．to be 59．slightly 60．were adopted
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉字的地位及作用，旨在增加学生对中国汉字的自豪感。
51．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：从商朝开始，中国人一直在使用一个完整的汉字系统。根据“Since Shang dynasty”可知，此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，或者动作从过去持续到现在并且还将继续下去；且主语“Chinese people”和use二者之间是主动关系，主语是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have been using/have used。
52．考查定语从句。句意：使用单一的书写系统的最大优势之一是说不同方言的人可以理解彼此的书写（内容）。解析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，用 who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
53．考查介词。句意：因此，交流不会有很大的难度。结合句子结构和句意，此处应用介词without连接，表示“没有”。故填 without。
54．考查形容词。句意：香港、澳门和台湾地区的人们仍使用传统的汉字，而中国大陆的人们则使用简体汉字。修饰名词短语“Chinese characters”应用形容词，simplified“简化的”符合题意。故填simplified。
55．考查词名词。句意：香港、澳门和台湾地区的人们仍使用传统的汉字，而中国大陆的人们则使用简体汉字，但是（使用简体字的人）在识别这些（传统）汉字的方面并没有太大的困难。作动词pose的宾语应用difficult的名词形式，difficulty“困难”符合题意，此处为抽象概念，不可数。故填difficulty。
56．考查名词的单复数。句意：一些学者认为，汉字是使中国南北方在很长一段时间内保持统一的重要因素之一。factor“因素”是可数名词，one of +可数名词复数，意为“......中之一”，所以此处应用factor的复数形式。故填factors。
57．考查冠词。句意：一些学者认为，汉字是使中国南北方在很长一段时间内保持统一的重要因素之一。固定搭配 for a long time 意为“很长一段时间内”。故填a。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：有的学者甚至将汉字视为和造纸术、指南针、火药和活字印刷术这四大发明并列的第五大发明。固定搭配 consider…to be 意为“把……视为”，不定式作宾补。故填to be。
59．考查副词。句意：尽管汉字的读音略有不同，但中国汉字在古代也在其他语言中被使用。此处应用副词修饰形容词“different”，副词slightly意为“稍微”。故填slightly。
60．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管汉字的读音略有不同，但中国汉字在古代也在其他语言中被使用。根据“in ancient time”可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语“Chinese characters”与动词 adopt 之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态；又因主语为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填were adopted。
61．formed 62．called 63．which 64．artists 65．selling 66．were placed 67．courageous 68．finally 69．an 70．with
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术家Christo Javacheff和其妻子Jeanne-Claude共同创作的艺术理念和艺术作品。
61．考查时态。句意：两人共同形成了牢固的伙伴关系。结合全文以一般过去时为主，该空谓语动词form也用一般过去时。故填formed。
62．考查过去分词。句意：他们作为一个团队创作了被称为现代雕塑装置的巨大艺术品。本句已有谓语worked且无连词，动词call用非谓语形式，逻辑主语huge artworks与动词call是动宾关系，call用过去分词表被动，做后置定语，修饰huge artworks。故填called。
63．考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们的艺术品非常大，制作成本很高。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Their artworks，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
64．考查名词复数。句意：艺术家们通过出售他们为每个现代雕塑装置所绘制的图纸来支付项目费用。结合本句中they可知，此处“艺术家（artist）”指Christo Javacheff和其妻子Jeanne-Claude，用可数名词artist的复数形式作主语。故填artists。
65．考查动名词。句意：艺术家们通过出售他们为每个现代雕塑装置所绘制的图纸来支付项目费用。固定搭配by doing sth. (通过做某事)，sell用动名词形式。故填selling。
66．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然这对夫妇的作品被称为“陆地艺术”，但它们大部分时间都在水上。结合前句谓语were known as用一般过去时可知，且主语they和谓语动词place是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语they，用were placed。故填were placed。
67．考查形容词。句意：我是一名艺术家，我必须勇敢。be是系动词，形容词courageous作表语。故填courageous。
68．考查副词。句意：当我的作品最终完成时，它们都会消失。副词finally作状语，修饰动词finish。故填finally。
69．考查冠词。句意：但他留下了一个永远被他巨大艺术品的记忆所改变的艺术世界。此处泛指“一个艺术世界”，art以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
70．考查介词。句意：他用自己的想象力和创作的艺术品一次又一次地震惊了世界。结合句意，可知，用介词with (用)。故填with。
71．a 72．equipment 73．adds 74．absolutely 75．what 76．is 77．things 78．to say 79．longer 80．on
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲散步对身体的好处。
71．考查冠词。句意：无论你是在度过沮丧的一天，还是在过沮丧的生活，散步都能提升你的心情，尤其是当你出门时。walk辅音音素开头搭配a，take a walk表“散步”，为固定搭配。故填a。
72．考查名词。句意：健身房会员、家庭健身器材、运动服和运动鞋的费用加起来很多。由前文 a gym membership可知，此空也应填名词和前面并列。且equipment表“设备”，为不可数名词。故填equipment。
73．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：健身房会员、家庭健身器材、运动服和运动鞋的费用加起来很多。解析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，此句的主语为Money，时态保持和前后文一致用一般现在时，所以此空应用动词第三人称单数形式。故填adds。
74．考查副词。句意：步行不需要任何东西，但仍然对健康有益。解析句子可知，此空应填副词absolutely作状语修饰前面动词 requires。故填absolutely。
75．考查主语从句。句意：它能节省的不仅仅是东西，还包括医疗保健。解析句子可知， 　　　　　　 it can save是主语从句，从句中缺宾语且指代物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
76．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每天睡八个小时是对你的健康最重要的事情之一。解析句子可知，此句动名词Sleeping a solid eight hours a day充当主语，且时态为一般现在时，所以谓语应用动词第三人称单数。故填is。
77．考查名词复数。句意：每天睡八个小时是对你的健康最重要的事情之一。one of 后面应加可数名词复数。故填things。
78．考查非谓语。句意：但有时说起来容易做起来难。解析句子可知，这里考查sth.+be+adj.+to do结构，动词不定式主动表被动。故填to say。
79．考查副词比较级。句意：经常锻炼（包括散步）的人睡得更快，睡得更长，睡眠质量更好。由前文more quickly可知，此空也应用副词long的比较级，作状语修饰动词sleep。故填longer。
80．考查介词。句意：当你走路时，你的脚对地面的冲击会通过动脉发出压力波，增加流向大脑的血液。impact on表“对……影响”，为固定搭配。故填on。
81．for 82．were put 83．outcomes 84．who/that 85．were 86．slightly 87．careful 88．consumption 89．the 90．to limit
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了每天用一份红肉代替鱼或坚果可以将早死的风险降低。
81．考查介词。句意：但《每日电讯报》提供了一个好消息，每天用一份红肉代替鱼或坚果可以将早死的风险降低近五分之一。exchange…for…是固定搭配，意为“交换”。故填for。
82．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这两个标题都是由一项关于饮食和健康结果的重大新研究提出的。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语Both headlines与谓语为被动关系。可知，此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为headlines，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were put。
83．考查名词。句意：这两个标题都是由一项关于饮食和健康结果的重大新研究提出的。outcome是可数名词，再根据前面的 diet and health可知，这里是指两方面的结果，所以用复数形式。故填outcomes。
84．考查定语从句。句意：他们发现，在研究期间，那些改变了饮食习惯、摄入更多红肉的人死亡的可能性要高出10%左右。空处引导定语从句，先行词those指代人，且在定语从句中充当主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
85．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他们发现，在研究期间，那些改变了饮食习惯、摄入更多红肉的人死亡的可能性要高出10%左右。解析句子结构可知，that引导的宾语从句缺少谓语，再根据前面的had可知，此处应该用一般过去时。主语为those，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were。
86．考查副词。句意：虽然减少红肉本身并不能降低死亡风险，但吃鱼或坚果等其他食物确实能略微降低死亡风险。此处用slight的副词形式来修饰谓语动词did reduce。故填slightly。
87．考查形容词。句意：我们仍然需要对这些发现保持谨慎。be为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，be careful about为固定结构，意为“注意”。故填careful。
88．考查名词。句意：这项研究不能确定地告诉我们红肉或红肉消耗的变化是寿命变化的直接原因。meat为名词作定语，修饰名词。consumption是consume的名词形式，meat consumption意为“肉类消耗”。故填consumption。
89．考查冠词。句意：但研究结果支持了现有的健康饮食建议，即限制红肉和加工肉类，多吃蔬菜、水果和其他蛋白质来源，如坚果和豆类。这里的the results特指这次实验的结果，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
90．考查非谓语动词。句意：但研究结果支持了现有的健康饮食建议，即限制红肉和加工肉类，多吃蔬菜、水果和其他蛋白质来源，如坚果和豆类。and前后为并列成分，根据本句后面的to eat可知，此处应该用动词不定式作定语。故填to limit。
91．enhances 92．than 93．on 94．led 95．studies 96．another 97．to assess 98．significant 99．be improved 100．frequently
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家的一项研究：在蓝色空间散步对人们的身心健康有益。
91．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在树间散步可以增进你的健康。讲述客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词短语Walking among the trees作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。故填enhances。
92．考查比较级。句意：但大自然的恩赐比起绿树和绿草还有更多。根据空格前的more可知是比较级more…than…结构。故填than。
93．考查固定搭配。句意：巴塞罗那全球健康研究所（ISGlobal）领导的一项研究表明，在蓝色空间短距离散步可以对你的健康和心情产生积极影响。have a positive effect on…(对……有积极的影响)。故填on。
94．考查过去分词。句意：巴塞罗那全球健康研究所（ISGlobal）领导的一项研究表明，在蓝色空间短距离散步可以对你的健康和心情产生积极影响。本句已有谓语can have且无连词，动词lead用非谓语形式，逻辑主语research与非谓语动词lead之间是被动关系，lead用过去分词作后置定语。故填led。
95．考查名词复数。句意：ISGlobal的城市规划、环境和健康倡议主任Mark Nieuwenhuijsen和他的同事们进行了许多研究。many修饰可数名词复数，study的复数形式是studies。故填studies。
96．考查不定代词。句意：然后，在另一周，他们花了20分钟沿着城市街道散步。根据空格前的a different week可知此处是另一个星期，用不定代词another (另一个的)。故填another。
97．考查动词不定式。句意：在每次活动之前、期间和之后，研究人员向每位参与者提问，以评估他们的情绪和幸福感。assess用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to assess。
98．考查形容词。句意：Nieuwenhuijsen说：“在他们去蓝色空间散步后，我们看到他们的幸福感和情绪立即显著改善。”形容词significant作定语修饰名词improvement。故填significant。
99．考查语态。句意：这表明人们的心情和幸福感可以通过在蓝色空间行走来改善。宾语从句主语people’s mood and well-being与从句谓语动词improve之间是被动关系，结合情态动词can，需用情态动词的被动语态（can be done）。故填be improved。
100．考查副词。句意：他们应该经常在蓝色或绿色空间行走。用副词frequently作状语修饰动词walk。故填frequently。
101．towering 102．up 103．that 104．to model 105．presence 106．was born 107．which 108．sowed 109．enthusiastically 110．the
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国著名画家齐白石。
101．考查形容词。句意：在中国美术史上，齐白石是一位杰出的人物。此处应用形容词towering“杰出的，卓越的”修饰名词figure。故填towering。
102．考查介词。句意：他独特而俏皮的画风开辟了中国传统绘画意象的新视野，留下了丰富的遗产，至今仍为现代社会所广泛认可。此处意为“打开，开辟”，表达为open up。故填up。
103．考查连接词。句意：这些“虾”是如此受欢迎，以至于它们已经成为画家本人的同义词。解析句子结构可知，此处是so...that…“如此……以至于……”句型，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
104．考查非谓语动词。句意：他用不同色调的墨水来展示虾的躯干和头部。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to model。
105．考查名词。句意：这些虾不仅仅是被动题材；相反，它们坚定地表明自己的存在。根据空前的their可知，此处应用名词presence“存在”，作stating的宾语。故填presence。
106．考查代词语态。句意：齐白石，一个多才多艺的艺术家，于1864年出生于湖南的一个农民家庭。此处主语Qi与bear之间为被动关系，且时间状语为in 1864，应用一般过去式的被动语态，且主语Qi为单数。故填was born。
107．考查定语从句。句意：他十几岁时学习木工，后来自学绘画、诗歌、书法和篆刻艺术。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句陈述的内容，且空前有介词after，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
108．考查动词时态。句意：在农村生活的岁月在他心中播下了对自然根深蒂固的热爱。此处主语为the years，与谓语动词sow之间为主动关系，且此处陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填sowed。
109．考查副词。句意：年轻时，他游历全国各地，在大自然中寻找灵感，同时热情地研究中国早期画家的杰作。此处修饰动词studying，应用副词enthusiastically“热情地”，作状语。故填enthusiastically。
110．考查冠词。句意：齐白石于1919年在北京定居，很快就在这座首都城市出名了。此处特指中国首都北京，应用定冠词。故填the。
111．Established 112．importance 113．to care
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界卫生日的宗旨和意义。
111．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一活动成立于1950年，每年都有一个主题，以引起人们对当前世界卫生问题的关注。此处为非谓语动词作状语，this event与establish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，故填Established。
112．考查名词。句意：这一天也用来强调个人健康的重要性。此处缺少名词作动词highlight的宾语，表抽象意义，不可数，故填importance。
113．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于普通人来说，我们可以采取一些额外的措施来照顾我们的健康，比如申请一个健身房的会员(并坚持去！)或开始节食。此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to care。
114．whose 115．objects 116．which
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Florentijn Hofman是一位荷兰艺术家，他的大型雕塑作品在世界各地展出。对他来说，寻找灵感的一种方式是思考孩子们的玩具。这些物品给了他创作动物雕塑的灵感，比如著名的橡皮鸭。他最近的一个作品是巨大的浮鱼，它被设置在乌镇西风景区的美丽风景中。
114．考查定语从句。句意：Florentijn Hofman是一位荷兰艺术家，他的大型雕塑作品在世界各地展出。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词artist，先行词在从句中作定语，应关系代词whose。故填whose。
115．考查名词的数。句意：这些物品给了他创作动物雕塑的灵感，比如著名的橡皮鸭。object为可数名词，由these修饰应用复数形式。故填objects。
116．考查定语从句。句意：他最近的一个作品是“巨大的浮鱼”，它被设置在乌镇西风景区的美丽风景中。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the huge Floating Fish，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。
117．cities 118．to move 119．on##upon 120．that 121．has used##has been using 122．spending##having spent 123．inspiring 124．are sold 125．promotion 126．an
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国面临的因气候变暖而导致的海平面上升等问题以及中国为缓解这些问题在清洁能源利用方面实施的举措。
117．考查名词的数。句意：海平面上升威胁着中国的海岸线，例如在城市如上海，天津和广州。city为可数名词，根据“such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填cities。
118．考查固定搭配。句意：这可能迫使6700万人搬走。force sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“迫使某人做某事”。故填to move。
119．考查固定搭配。句意：如果发生这种情况，中国将在多个领域受到影响，从水资源供应，到农业，再到生物多样性。the impact on/upon...为固定搭配，意为“对……的影响”。故填on/upon。
120．考查表语从句。句意：好消息是中国正在成为全球气候行动的领导者。解析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，上下文意思连贯，应用that引导该从句。故填that。
121．考查谓语动词。句意：例如，在过去的五年中，中国使用的太阳能和风能比世界上任何一个国家都要多。根据时间状语“over the last five years”可知，此处可用现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，也可用现在完成进行时强调过程和可持续性；且主语为“China”，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has used/has been using。
122．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国也是世界上最大的清洁能源投资国——近年来在新能源方面的投资约为1300亿美元。解析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词为is，此处应用非谓语动词。主语“China”与动词spend之间为主谓关系，此处应用其现在分词形式作状语。此处也可用having spent表示动作已完成。故填spending/having spent。
123．考查形容词。句意：中国电动汽车的发展尤其鼓舞人心。此处作表语，且主语为“The development of electric vehicles”，指物，因此此处应用形容词inspiring，意为“鼓舞人心的”。故填inspiring。
124．考查谓语动词。句意：世界上超过50% 的电动汽车每年在中国销售。此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时；解析句子结构可知，主语“More than 50 percent of electric vehicles”与动词sell之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语“electric vehicles”为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are sold。
125．考查名词。句意：中国目前在推广清洁能源技术方面处于世界领先地位。根据“the”和“of”可知，此处应用promote的名词形式作宾语。故填promotion。
126．考查冠词。句意：生态文明已经成为中国长期发展战略的基石，就像气候行动是17个可持续发展目标的重要组成部分一样。此处泛指“一个重要的部分”；且important是以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词an。故填an。
127．educated 128．development 129．its 130．until 131．the 132．of 133．visiting 134．financial 135．Activities 136．to have
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。
127．考查形容词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。解析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
128．考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development，表示“发展”，作动词benefits的宾语。故填development。
129．考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。结合语意，此处表示生态旅游有它的起源，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”，符合句意。故填its。
130．考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，应用短语not…until…，表示“直到……才……”，符合句意。故填until。
131．考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。结合语意，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，空处应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
132．考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配，表示“各种各样的”，所以空处应填介词of。故填of。
133．考查非谓语动词。句意：最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
134．考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。空格修饰名词aid，应用形容词形式作定语，financial是形容词，表示“财政的”，符合句意。故填financial。
135．考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。解析句子结构，空处应用名词作句子主语，应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Activities。
136．考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。aim to do为固定短语，表示“旨在，目的是”，符合句意，所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to have。
137．that##which 138．extremely 139．to 140．appearance 141．is displayed 142．why 143．serving 144．created 145．imaginative 146．him
【导语】这是一篇说明文。泥人张是一种起源于汉代的民间艺术品，深受人们的喜爱，文章对这种艺术进行了介绍。
137．考查定语从句。句意：泥人张是一种起源于汉代的民间艺术品，深受人们的喜爱。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为artwork，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
138．考查副词。句意：生动的图像和丰富的色彩使它非常受欢迎。修饰形容词popular应用副词extremely表示“非常”作状语。故填extremely。
139．考查介词。句意：彩绘泥人张的主题广泛，从当地习俗、民间故事、舞台剧到古典文学名著。“from...to...”意为“从……到……”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词to。故填to。
140．考查名词。句意：彩塑不仅外形相似，而且造型生动，栩栩如生。在介词in后应用名词appearance表示“外形，外貌”作宾语。故填appearance。
141．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：由于体积小，它通常在室内展示。根据Usually可知，此处表述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词display意为“展示”，和主语it构成被动关系，主语it为第三人称单数。故填is displayed。
142．考查名词性从句。句意：这就是为什么它也被称为架子雕塑。根据前文“Usually it is displayed indoors, due to t small size.”和后文“it is also called shelf sculptures”可知，此处是指为什么它也被称为架子雕塑，在表语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，所以应用连接副词why表示“为什么”。故填why。
143．考查动名词。句意：彩绘泥人是一种广泛用于各种场合装饰的艺术形式，在美化环境、服务社会方面具有重要作用。在介词in后应用动名词serving作宾语。故填serving。
144．考查过去分词。句意：“泥人张”这个名字起源于清末，是一种流传于北方的民间绘画艺术。动词create意为“创造”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语“Clay Figure Zhang”构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。
145．考查形容词。句意：张聪明而富有想象力，他经常观察市场上各行各业的人和剧院里的各种角色，然后偷偷地在袖子里捏泥人。根据Clever可知，此处应用形容词imaginative表示“富有想象力的”作状语语。故填imaginative。
146．考查代词。句意：他独特的艺术为他赢得了世界声誉和家喻户晓的喜爱，人们亲切地给他起了“泥人张”的绰号。在动词earned后作宾语应用宾格him。故填him。
147．growing 148．a 149．to 150．has been adopted 151．consumption 152．popularity 153．to keep 154．who##that 155．closer 156．quarters
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了近年来西藏在能源、环保和旅游方面的情况。
147．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着天气越来越冷，帕桑为过冬做了准备，购买了大量的天然气来温暖他的家。提示词作with复合结构中宾语补足语，应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语the days之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动。故填growing。
148．考查冠词和固定短语。句意：随着天气越来越冷，帕桑为过冬做了准备，购买了大量的天然气来温暖他的家。a generous amount of为固定短语，意为“大量的”。故填a。
149．考查介词。句意：有了天然气，我的家变得更温暖，我们也在为更蓝的天空做贡献。contribute to为固定搭配，意为“有助于，促成”。故填to。
150．考查动词时态语态。句意：据当地一家负责天然气供应的公司介绍，到目前为止，拉萨市区90%以上的地区都采用了天然气供暖。解析句子可知，提示词adopt(采用)是句中谓语动词，因句中有时间状语so far，所以应使用现在完成时态，又因与主语natural gas之间是被动关系，且主语是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用现在完成时的被动语态，单数形式。故填has been adopted。
151．考查名词。句意：随着中国新能源汽车的蓬勃发展，西藏也在推广新能源汽车，同时逐步淘汰高污染、高能源消耗的老旧汽车。根据句意和提示词可知，应填入名词consumption构成名词词组energy consumption作介词with后的宾语，意为“能源消耗”。故填consumption。
152．考查名词。句意：电动汽车也因其环保的特点和较低的成本而受到欢迎。解析句子可知，提示词在句中作宾语，应用名词形式popularity，意为“流行，普及”，抽象名词，不可数。故填popularity。
153．考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都应该努力保持拉萨的空气清新。make an effort to do...为固定短语，意为“努力去做……”。故填to keep。
154．考查定语从句。句意：在海拔5000多米的山顶上，距离拉萨1400多公里的阿里天文台仍然是天文爱好者们的常常到访的地方，他们不惧曲折的道路，只为更近距离地观察星空。解析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词lovers，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
155．考查形容词比较级。句意：在海拔5000多米的山顶上，距离拉萨1400多公里的阿里天文台仍然是天文爱好者们的常常到访的地方，他们不惧曲折的道路，只为更近距离地观察星空。根据句意可知，天文爱好者们不惧曲折来到时5000多米的山顶，为的就是更近距离地观察星空，句中有比较级意义，所以提示词close用比较级形式。故填closer。
156．考查名词。句意：官方数据显示，尽管受疫情影响，今年前三季度西藏接待游客3689万人次，同比增长15.2%，旅游收入同比增长26.6%。可数名词quarter前有数词three修饰，应用复数形式。故填quarters。
157．pursued 158．appreciation 159．which 160．making 161．were created 162．so 163．cheaper 164．for 165．initially 166．to be learned##to be learnt
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了中国画的发展历史，以及中国享有的国际声誉，通过欣赏中国画，你将会更好地了解中国传统文化和中国人。
157．考查过去分词。句意：拥有6000多年的历史，中国画，最初被富人追求，大约在公元前221年的东晋时期发展起来。解析句子可知，“originally 　　1　　 (pursue) by wealthy people”作定语，修饰Chinese painting，pursue与Chinese painting是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填pursued。
158．考查名词。句意：后来，在公元581年左右，随着越来越多的人开始欣赏它的美丽，它开始流行起来。解析句子可知，动词后接名词作宾语，appreciation“感激”是不可数名词，故填appreciation。
159．考查定语从句。句意：中国的画笔主要由山羊、狼、狐毛制作，适合制作既柔软又细的画笔。解析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，指代整个主句，从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。
160．考查非谓语动词。句意：油漆工润湿墨水石，然后在石头上研磨墨水棒，使墨水运行，以便它可以用于绘画。解析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是wets和grinds表示意料之中的结果，故make用非谓语动词形式作状语，make与主语The painter是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，表示理所应当的结果，故填making。
161．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：许多中国古代艺术品都是在丝绸上创作的。解析句子可知，creat是谓语动词，与主语artworks是被动关系，用被动语态，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语artworks是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填were created。
162．考查状语从句。句意：然而，丝绸是非常昂贵的，只有非常重要的绘画才会使用它。根据句意以及下文的that可知，此处用so…that…引导状语从句，so是副词，修饰形容词expensive作状语，故填so。
163．考查形容词比较级。句意：到了第一世纪，当早期的纸张被发明时，画画已经便宜很多。根据句意以及空前的a lot修饰形容词比较级可知，此处用形容词cheap的比较级作表语，become是系动词，故填cheaper。
164．考查介词。句意：中国画以其独特的风格、鲜明的特色和独特的技法而享誉世界。根据句意，表示原因用介词for“为了”，故填for。
165．考查副词。句意：当你看着一幅中国画时，你可能一开始并没有意识到它的复杂概念。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填initially。
166．考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，关于中国传统绘画及其元素，还有很多值得学习的地方。解析句子可知，remain是系动词，接不定式作表语，根据句意，主语much与谓语动词learn是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，且learn的过去分词为learned或者learnt，故填to be learned/to be learnt
167．typically 168．greater 169．that##which 170．reducing 171．the 172．mice 173．toasted 174．on 175．has found 176．to control
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述人们新发现的证据显示典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。
167．考查副词。句意：人类的新证据表明，典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。解析句意可知，typical修饰western，western是形容词，应用副词typically修饰。故填typically。
168．考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚的研究人员为志愿者提供了为期一周的华夫饼、奶昔和类似的丰富食物后，发现年轻健康的志愿者在记忆测试中得分更差，即使已经吃饱了，他们也更渴望吃垃圾食品。根据句意可知，此处应使用great的比较级来指代他们的食欲增加。故填greater。
169．考查关系词。句意