北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit2 Success WRITING WORKSHOP-READING CLUB 2 词汇精讲课堂课件(共59张PPT)

(共59张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
版本：新北师
单元：选择性必修一 Unit 2 (WRITING WORKSHOP — READING CLUB 2)
本单元词汇梳理
1. iron 最早的熨斗是由铁制成的，iron 本意为“铁”，后来衍生出“熨斗”之义
2. recognised recognise + -ed
3. contribute con- (together 共同) + -tribut- (贡品) + -e
词块：contribute to, contribute (sth) to sth
词族：contribute, contributor, contribution
4. style 一词多义：基本义“风格”
词块：in / out of style
5. retire re- (back 回) + tir (to draw 拉) + -e → 拉回去 → 退休
词块：retire from
派生词：retired, retirement
6. leadership leader + -ship
7. devotion 构词法：devote — devotion
词族：devote, devoted, devotion
8. advanced 构词法：advance — advanced
词块：advanced technology, an advanced dictionary / course
9. forwards 词块：look forwards to (doing) sth
10. collapse col- [= com- (together) + labi (to fall, slip) ]→ 一起全部滑倒 → 倒塌
11. reference 构词法：refer — reference
词块：reference books, in / with reference to
12. faith 词块：faith in sb / sth
派生词：faithful, faithfully
13. found 辨析：set up, found, establish 都含有“建立”“创立” 之意。set up 多用于日常用语中，found 和 establish 多用于书面语中；found表示“建立”“创立” 时尤指“提供资金 (providing money)”；establish 除表示建立国家、政府或商店等外，也可指建立关系等。
派生词：founder, foundation
14. rejection reject + -ion
15. fashion 词块：in / out of fashion, in (a) … fashion
派生词：fashionable
16. designer design + -er
17. bitterly 构词法：bitter — bitterly
18. promotion 构词法：promote — promotion
19. label 名词动词化
隐喻：具体的“贴标签于”→ 给人贴标签
20. entrance 构词法：enter — entrance
反义词：exit
词块：the entrance to / of, the College Entrance Examination
21. income in + come
词块：high- / low-income families
重难点词精讲
contribute
一词多义
辨析义
entrance
熟词生义
style
一词多义
英语释义
抽象名词
fashion
一词多义
搭配义
含有on的短语动词
advance & advanced
名词动词化
一词多义
分词形容词
collapse
discipline
熟词生义
一词多义
contribute
tribe由tri（three， 三）+ -be构成，来自拉丁语 tribus, 部落、宗族、地区，特指古罗马城邦三个宗族集团 —— Latins (拉丁人)，Sabines (萨宾人)，Etruscans (伊特鲁里亚人) 。
tribe (部落) → tribute 贡品、贡金
con- (一起) + tribute → contribute (一起把贡品献给……) → 贡献
contribute由con- + -tribute构成。
contribute v
vt & vi 贡献；捐助；捐献：
It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money.
contribute (sth) to sth:
Immigrants have contributed to American culture in many ways.
contribute (money) to the Red Cross
He never contributes (ideas) to the discussion.
vi 造成 / 促使 (某事发生) to help to make sth happen：
Alcohol contributes to 100, 000 deaths a year in the US.
Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.
vt & vi 投 (稿)；撰 (稿)：
She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.
contribution n [C]
贡献：
I admire Edison a lot because he made a great
contribution to the world.
捐款；捐献物：
I gave a contribution of $100 to / toward the church. 2008 湖南书面表达改
稿件；作品：
This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.
contributor n [C] 捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素
同结构：way to sth, key to sth, solution to sth
二者均可表示“捐献”，其后均可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二者可互换使用。
It is more meaningful to donate / contribute books and sports goods to children in need. 2013 江苏改
donate 还有“献血”之意。
Many people have donated that type of blood. 2012 北京
contribute 侧重指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、 物力、智力等。此外，contribute 还可表示“促成”、“起作用”、“投稿”的意思。
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.
Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.
The scientist often contributes to an academic journal.
辨 donate, contribute
contribute语义网络图
贡献contribute
(基本义)
“贡献”人力、物力、财力等
为某事的发生做“贡献”
“贡献”稿件等
贡献；捐助；捐献
造成 / 促使
(某事发生)
投 (稿)；撰 (稿)
贡献
contribution
捐款；捐献物
稿件；作品
J.K. Rowling’s novel Harry Potter made a great contribution to the world literature. She has contributed a lot of money to the charity since she became rich. To inspire other writers, she shared some rejection letters from the publishers. Those letters related to The Cuckoo’s Calling. J.K. Rowling contributed the novel to a magazine under the name of Galbraith without revealing her true identity. It was rejected by several publishers, and Rowling was even advised to take a writing course. When The Cuckoo’s Calling eventually found a publisher in 2013, it was achieving respectable sales before the secret of its authorship broke, and it contributed to the novel reaching the top of the bestseller lists.
曾经风靡全球的《江南style》是韩国音乐人PSY的一首K-Pop单曲。2012年12月21日，《江南style》成为互联网历史上第一个点击量超过10亿次的视频。“Gangnam Style”是一个韩国新词，指的是首尔江南区富裕时尚、豪华奢靡的生活方式。
style
古罗马人是用一种叫做 stylus 的尖头铁笔在蜡板上写字的，要写得好，就需要有驾驭铁笔的能力。英语单词 style 一词就是从 stylus 来的，现在用来指一位作家的“文体” 、“文风”，其实也就是他驾驭钢笔的能力。在现代，style 更多指一个人衣着打扮的风格和格调。
early 14c., stile, “writing instrument, pen, stylus”
style词源
n
style
[C] & [U] (文学／艺术／音乐／建筑等的) 风格；文体：
Baroque style
Hui style architecture
Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs.
2011 安徽
The new houses have been built in a traditional style.
[C] & [U] (人行为、工作或待人的) 方式；作风 the particular way in which sb usually behaves or works：
Children have different styles of learning: some
learn by seeing, some by hearing, some by doing.
[C] & [U] (设计的) 款式；流行式样：
Umbrellas have not changed much in style, but they do become much lighter. 2012 重庆
Long skirts are back in style.
[U] (人或事物的) 格调；气派 a quality that people admire or think is attractive：
You may not like her, but she certainly has style.
style 语义网络
风格
基本义
style
文学／艺术／音乐／建筑等的“风格”
(物）
做事情的“风格”
（人）
衣服等东西的“风格” (物）
令人敬佩的“风格”（人 / 物）
(文学／艺术／音乐／建筑等的) 风格；文体
(人行为、工作或待人的)方式；作风
(设计的)款式；流行式样
(人或事物的) 格调；气派
He who does not advance falls backward. 不进则退。
advance
vi (尤指士兵) 前进；向前移动：
The army advanced across the plain.
vt & vi (使) 进展；(使) 进步：
This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.
vt & vi (时间) 提前；(价格) 上涨；预支 (钱)：
The date of the meeting was advanced from July 10 to July 1.
We are willing to advance the money to you.
advance
■ v
advance 词源义：前进 → 基本义：前进
vt 促进；推动 (further)：
She decided to go back to college to advance her career. 2020 山东
vt［正式用语］提出：
advance an idea / a theory / a plan
advance
前进
基本义
位置“前进”
科技、知识等“前进”
时间“前进”
价格“前进”
支付“前进”
(尤指士兵)前进；向前移动
(使) 进展；(使) 进步
(时间) 提前
(价格) 上涨
预支 (钱)
advance语义网络图
事业等“前进”
理论等“前进”
提出
促进；推动
advance ■ n
[U] 前进
[C] 进步；进展：
make great advances
technological / scientific / medical advances
[C] [常用单数] 预付款：
pay sb a $500 advance
对应动词释义记忆名词释义
in advance (of ) 提前 (于……)；预先 (于……)：
Thank you in advance. 2013 全国书面表达
When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy. 2011 北京
重点词块
advanced adj
先进的；高级的：
Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an
age of bettered communication. 2015 北京
(课程) 高深的；高级的:
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary
晚期的；后期的：
The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live. 北师大新选必① – 2
【分词形容词】
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. 煮开过的水 / 白开水 __________ water
2. 正在沸腾的水 __________ water
3. 烧伤的手指 ____________ fingers
4. 燃烧着的车 the __________ car
5. 癌症晚期 the __________ stages of cancer
6. 公认的专家 a(n) __________ expert
7. 人口老龄化 a(n) __________ population
8. 退休教师 a(n) __________ teacher
burned / burnt
advanced
recognised
burning
boiled
boiling
retired
将所填的分词形容词分类：
表示动作已完成：
表示动作正在进行：
boiled, burned / burnt, advanced, recognised, retired
boiling, burning, ag(e)ing
ag(e)ing
(尤指士兵) 前进；向前移动
(使) 进展；(使) 进步
(时间) 提前；（价格）上涨；预支 (钱)
前进
进步；进展
[C] [常用单数] 预付款
v
n
adj
预先的
advanced adj
先进的；
高级的
(课程)高深的；高等的
advance词义串联
晚期的；后期的
collapse
震惊世界的9·11事件：
2001年9月11日，两架遭到恐怖分子劫持的飞机分别撞向世界贸易中心一号楼和二号楼，两座大楼在两个小时内相继倒塌，导致包括世贸中心其余5栋大楼、德意志银行大楼在内的多栋建筑物严重受损。
Two hijacked commercial planes slammed into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, causing them to collapse.
两架遭到劫持的商用飞机撞向世界贸易中心双子塔，导致双塔倒塌。
collapse词源解读:
collapse：col- [= com- (together) + labi (to fall, slip)] → 一起全部滑倒，即为“倒塌”（基本义）。
collapse
■ vi
倒塌；坍塌：
Having been attacked by terrorists, the tall building collapsed.
（因病等）昏倒；晕倒：
He collapsed in the street and died two hours later.
突然失败；崩溃；瓦解：
Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery.
■ n
[U]（突然的）倒塌；塌陷：
A flood caused the collapse of the bridge.
[C] & [U] [常用单数]（因病等）昏倒；晕倒：
He was taken to hospital after his collapse on the street.
[C] & [U] [常用单数] 突然失败；倒闭；崩溃：
His business was in danger of collapse.
collapse语义网络图
倒塌
collapse
（基本义）
建筑物等
“倒塌”
突然失败；崩溃；瓦解
（突然的）倒塌；塌陷
n
组织、生意等“倒塌”
病人“倒塌”
（因病等）昏倒；晕倒
v
倒塌；坍塌
（因病等）昏倒；晕倒
突然失败；倒闭；崩溃
自由来自自律。
亚里士多德说，人是被习惯所塑造的，优异的成绩来自于良好的习惯，而非一时的冲动。
discipline & self-discipline
亚里士多德（Aristotle公元前384 — 前322），古代先哲、古希腊人、世界古代史上伟大的哲学家、科学家和教育家之一，堪称希腊哲学的集大成者。他是柏拉图的学生，亚历山大的老师。
作为一位百科全书式的科学家，他几乎对每个学科都做出了贡献。他的写作涉及伦理学、形而上学、心理学、经济学、神学、政治学、修辞学、自然科学、教育学、诗歌、风俗，以及雅典法律。亚里士多德的著作构建了西方哲学的第一个广泛系统，包含道德、美学、逻辑和科学、政治和玄学。
discipline
n
[U] 训练；管教；纪律：
The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
The book gives parents advice on discipline.
[C] 训练办法：
Learning poetry is a good discipline for the memory.
[U] 自制力：
Studying at home requires a good deal of discipline.
[C] [正式用语]（尤指大学的）学科：
vt
惩罚；处罚：
The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed.
训练；训导；管教：
a guide to the best ways of disciplining your child
自我控制；严格要求（自己）：
He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.
【词汇拓展】
disciplined adj 训练有素的：
a disciplined army / team
self-discipline n [U] 自我约束；自律：
To be punctual one has to have self-discipline, and the lack of it affects others. 2015 陕西
注：self- 用于构成复合名词或复合形容词，表示“自身的”“靠自身的”“为自身的”。
fashion
时尚界的老佛爷
卡尔·拉格斐
街拍鼻祖
比尔·坎宁汉
世界顶级名模
吉赛尔·邦辰
永恒的时尚女神
奥黛丽·赫本
时尚界设计大师名言
I am a fashion person, and fashion is not only about clothes — it’s about all kinds of change. ——Karl Lagerfeld
我是个fashion的人，但是fashion不仅仅只是指衣服——它是指各种各样的改变。
——卡尔·拉格斐
fashion词源解读
人类最早的时尚记载可以追溯到中世纪。时尚往往和贵族联系起来，能穿不失品味的服装是当时贵族的梦想。时尚的英文为fashion，从词源学来说，fashion一词来自拉丁文facio or factio，意思是a making or doing，是对一种外表行为模式的崇尚方式。
fashion n
[U] & [C]（服饰等的）流行式样；最新款式：
Long skirts were in / out of fashion last year.
follow / keep pace with (the) fashion
[C]（谈吐、行为等的）时尚：
People’s lifestyle are fixed by generational habits and fashions.
[U] 时装业：
a fashion show / designer
in (a) … fashion
He behaves in a strange fashion.
【拓展】
fashionable adj
流行的；时髦的：
fashionable clothes / ideas
表达“变得时尚”
be in fashion
come into fashion
become fashionable
start fashions
keep up with fashions
follow fashions
wear fashions
表达“过时 / 不流行”
fall out of fashion
be out of fashion
go out of fashion
表达“重新变得时尚 ”
come back into fashion
be back in fashion
时尚行业
fashion business / industry 时装业
fashion market 时装市场
fashion store / shop / houses 时装商店
fashion design 时装设计
fashion photography 时尚摄影
fashion brands 时装品牌
fashion companies 时尚公司
流行时尚聚集地
fashion shows 时装秀
fashion shoots 时尚摄影
fashion magazines 时尚杂志
fashion spreads in magazines 杂志中的时尚专栏
时尚界相关的职业
fashion editor 时尚编辑
fashion designer 时尚设计师
fashion photographer 时尚摄影师
fashion stylist 时尚造型师
entrance
entrance
高考用英语怎么说？
The National Higher Education Entrance Examination
National College Entrance Examination
也可以直接用高考的汉语拼音gaokao，已经被收录进了牛津英语词典。
[C] 入口；门口 反 exit：
the station entrance
I’ll meet you at the main entrance to / of the school.
[C]［常用单数］进入；入场：
Everyone rose at the judge’s entrance.
She made her entrance after all the other guests had arrived.
[U] 入场（或入会、入学等）权 / 费：
an entrance fee
a school entrance examination
Entrance to the museum is free.
entrance n
读下面的句子，体会画线词的含义：
1. Please file the document in my “Research” file. ___________
2. I need to iron that dress with my new electric iron. ___________
3. He hammered a nail into the wood with a hammer. ___________
4. Wait! The medicine bottle is labelled “Caution”. Please read the directions on the label. ___________
5. The little girl wanted to pedal the bicycle, but she couldn’t reach the pedals on her bike. ___________
名词动词化
把（文件等）归档
（用熨斗）熨
捶打
用标签标明
画线词在例句中都作动词，其动词释义是由名词转化而来，这种词性转换现象叫作名词动词化。英语中有很多名词可转化为动词。随着科技的发展许多新事物出现了。英语由于其自身的简洁性和经济性的特点，很少创造新词，而是赋予原有词汇新的意义。friend, email, text, fax就是网络科技类的名词转化为动词的用法。
骑（自行车）
抽象名词
由动词派生而来的抽象名词叫作行为抽象名词。
写出下列单词的名词形式。
v n
enter
reject
promote
refer
commit
entrance / entry
rejection
promotion
reference
commitment
用“make / get + a(n) + 抽象名词”结构改写下列句子，使句意不变。
1. In his letter, Sam referred to his time in France. →
In his letter, Sam ____________________ his time in France.
2. She had to push herself forward to get promoted. →
She had to push herself forward to ________________.
3. She entered after all the other guests had arrived. →
She ____________________ after all the other guests had arrived.
4. More importantly, we committed to grow together as a team. (2016 江苏改) →
More importantly, we ____________________ to grow together as a team.
made a reference to
get a promotion
made an / her entrance
made a commitment
行为抽象名词可与动词 make, get 等连用，表示某一次短暂的动作。学会使用“ make / get + a(n) + 抽象名词”的结构替代动词，可以使得表达更为丰富。
on
在……之上
基本义
含有 on 的短语动词
depend on (依靠)
go on (继续下去)
put on (穿上)
live on (以……为生)
turn on (打开)
get on (出人头地)
base ... on (以……为基础)
try on (试穿)
take on (接受；开始处理)
move on (继续前进)
focus on (集中于)
reflect on (反思)
get on (上车 / 马)
表示物理上的接触：
1. 在……之上：__________________________________
表示抽象的接触：
2. 以……为根基；靠：________________________________
3. 开始运行：___________________________________
表示不断地继续接触：
4. 继续：___________________________________
含有 on 的短语动词分类
put on, try on, get on
depend on, live on, base ... on
turn on, take on, focus on, reflect on
go on, get on, move on
本单元金句汇总
1. It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money.
2. Immigrants have contributed to American culture in many ways.
3. The new houses have been built in a traditional style.
4. Thank you in advance. 2013 全国书面表达
5. Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. 2015 北京
6. Everyone rose at the judge’s entrance.
7. She made her entrance after all the other guests had arrived.
随堂检测
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It will contribute to ___________ (create) a good environment to read books in our class. (2015 广东)
2. Speed is a ___________ (contribute) factor in many automobile accidents.
3. Before sending a manuscript to the Post, a ______________ (contribute) is advised to find out the range of the articles in the post. (2011 北京)
4. She continues to contribute ___________ a sports magazine.
creating
contributing
contributor
to
contribute
二、将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 他给那所学校捐了一万美元。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2. 他对项目的成功做出了杰出贡献。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
He contributed / donated 10,000 dollars to / toward(s) the school. / He made a contribution / donation of 10,000 dollars to / toward(s) the school.
He made a great contribution to the success of the project. / He contributed a lot to the success of the project.
一、根据句意选出style的最佳释义。
(文学／艺术／音乐／建筑等的) 风格；文体 方式；作风
款式；流行式样 风度；气派
____________ 1. I’m afraid going to nightclubs isn’t my style.
____________ 2. Have you thought about having your hair in a shorter style
____________ 3. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became
very angry about it.
_____________ 4. She does everything with style and grace (优雅).




style
二、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。
______________ 1. In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. (2014 安徽)
______________ 2. People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at an early age and these preferences affect learning. (2013 浙江)
______________ 3. The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens.
建筑风格
学习方式
款式
He’d had his hair styled at an expensive salon. ________________
三、翻译句子中的画线部分。
做头发
一、翻译下列词块。
1. 预先订购
__________________________________________________________
2. 取得很大进展
__________________________________________________________
3. 科学进步
__________________________________________________________
4. 提前 (于……)；预先 (于……)
__________________________________________________________
advance booking / book in advance
make great advances
scientific advances / advances in science
in advance (of)
advance & advanced
二、完成句子。
1. We live in an age of ___________________________ (技术飞快进步). (n)
2. The army ___________________________________ (正向城市前进). (v)
3. _________________________ (我们取得了很大的进步) in our knowledge of the universe. (v)
三、根据句意写出 advanced 的汉语释义。
1. The course has two levels, the beginners and the advanced. (2015 湖南改) ____________________
2. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. (2013 北京) ___________________
3. The disease was too far advanced to be treated. _________________
rapid technological advance
is / was advancing on / towards the city
We have advanced greatly
(课程) 高深的；高级的
先进的；高级的
晚期的；后期的
根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. When the market for nutria（海狸鼠）collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.（2020 全国改） _________
2. The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. _________
3. He collapsed following a vigorous（剧烈的）exercise session at his home. _________
4. The enterprise collapsed through lack of support. _________
5. Our plans will collapse unless we get more help. _________
6. Share prices collapsed after news of poor trading figures. _________
崩溃
坍塌 / 倒塌
昏倒
失败
倒闭
collapse
暴跌
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Yoga is a good discipline for learning to relax. ___________
2. It took him a lot of hard work and discipline to make the Olympic team. ___________
3. She keeps good discipline in class. ___________
4. We’re looking for people from a wide range of disciplines. ___________
5. Dieting is a matter of disciplining yourself. ___________
训练方法
自制力
纪律
学科
自我控制
discipline
fashion
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. School learning is a must for fashion designers.（2013 上海） ____________
2. My mother is 61 and she wears the latest fashions in a way she would never have done ten years ago.（2010 湖北） ____________
3. Fashion brands are more important than well made clothing. ____________
4. We tend to be traditional rather than fashion-forward in our designs. ____________
5. Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.（2013 福建） ____________
二、根据提示补全下列句子。
1. Those skirts （重新流行了起来）this season.
2. （好的时装设计取决于）understanding the details.
时装设计师
最新流行服饰
时装的品牌
超时尚的；超时髦的
陈旧的；过时的
Beautiful fashion design depends on
have come / been back into fashion
entrance
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I’ll meet you at the main entrance of the school. _________________
2. It is now common knowledge that the College Entrance Examination is held on June 6 and 7 annually. （2014 四川） _________________
3. Charging entrance fees (费) will no doubt keep some people away.
_________________
4. There’s a fire exit on each floor of the building. _________________
门（口）
大学入学考试 / 高考
门票
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
The girl stopped the car near the entrance the market.
to / of
消防通道
谢
谢
观
赏