人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Words and expressions课件(共45张PPT)

(共45张PPT)
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
逆境与勇气
Warriors are on the thorny path.
勇士是在充满荆棘的道路上前行的。
in adversity 在困境/逆境中
in a dilemma 处于窘境/困境中
in trouble 在麻烦中
in need 在危难/贫困中
in difficulty/difficulties 在困难中
1. adversity
(pl. adversities)
n. 困境；逆境
wages of 200 a week 一星期200英镑的工资
offer/pay/raise a wage 提供/支付/上调工资
2. wage (pl. wages)
n. 工资
wage n. 工资 (小时/天/周工资)
salary n. (月)工资; 薪水 (也可用来表示年薪)
pay n. 工资; 薪水
get a rise/raise: 涨工资
①The medicine tastes rather bitter.
② It's been bitterly cold here in Moscow.
③ The bitter quarrels have finally ended their relationship.
④She is very bitter about losing her job.
3.bitter
① 味苦的
② 严寒的
③ 激烈而不愉快的
④ 愤恨的
bitterly adv. 痛苦地;
愤恨地;极其
bitterness n.苦味; 痛苦; 悲痛; 酷烈
单句语法填空
I'm still ____________ the whole affair.
He ________(bitter) regretted his rudeness.
bitter about　
bitterly　
Observe the sentences
on the left.
endure hardship 吃苦
beyond endurance 忍无可忍
5. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力
endure v. 忍受; 持续
be full of energy/vigour 精力充沛
vigorous [ v ɡ r s] adj. 精力充沛的;充满活力的;朝气蓬勃的
vigorously/energetically adv. 精力充沛地;活泼地
4. vigour /vigor/
n. 精力；力量；活力
energy n. 精力; 力量; 活力; 能源
energetic adj. 精力旺盛/充沛的
5.turn down
1.We have turned down four applicants already.
2.Can you turn the TV down I'm trying to work.
However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.(P38)
拒绝(提议、建议或提议人);
调低,关小
turn on/off 打开/关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn to 求助于; 致力于;翻到;转向(to是介词)
turn into 变成
turn in 上交(物品)
turn up 调大，开大(音量等);突然露面
turn out that... 结果是……
turn over 翻转;仔细考虑;移交;转让
Observe the sentences
on the left.
reject/refuse
1.I often _________ my classmates or teachers for help. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.
2.It is already nine o’clock, but he hasn’t _________ yet. Just went back home.
3.The job _________ to be harder than we thought.
4.The hall was full，and hundreds of fans had to ___________.
turn away
turn to
turned up
turned out
satisfy→satisfied
→satisfaction
qualify
vt. 使具有资格；证明…合格
vi. 取得资格；有资格
qualification
n. 资格；资历；学历
1.She hasn't graduated from college, so she is not qualified for a surgeon.
2.They qualified for the World Cup.
3.A victory in this game will earn them qualification for the World Cup.
4.I don't know much about it, so I am not qualified to comment.
be qualified for sth. 具有做某事的资格，知识或技能
be/feel qualified to do sth. 有资格做某事
qualify for sth. 有权；使用权(做某事)
qualify sb. for sth/to do sth. 使某人具备做某事的资格
have the qualifications for 有资格做某事
Observe the sentences
on the left.
6. qualified adj. 符合资格;
具备······的知识（或技能、学历等）
完成句子
(1)In this job, experience counts for more than paper ____________ (qualify) .
(2)We think this young man is not _________(qualify) to do this job.
(3)This training course will _______(qualified) you for a better job.
(4) The test will qualify you (drive) the new car.
qualifications　
qualified　
qualify　
to drive
1.Though Jack was lacking in experience, he made up for it in _________ (enthusiastic).
2.I’m sure the magazine will appeal to you,for you’ve been enthusiastic _______ sports.
3.他总是热心助人。
enthusiasm
about
He is always enthusiastic to help others.
enthusiastically adv.热心/满腔热情地;极感兴趣的
7. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的
①be enthusiastic about... 对…极感兴趣的；对…充满热情的
②be enthusiastic to do sth. 对做某事充满热情
enthusiasm Un.热心；热忱；热情
enthusiast n. 热心者
aboard the plane/ship/bus/train 在飞机/船/公共汽车/火车上
go/get aboard the plane/ship/bus/train 登机/上船/公共汽车/火车
8. aboard adv. & prep.
上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
board n. 板子; 地板; 董事会 v.
abroad adv. 到国外; 去国外; 在国外
kitchen cupboards 厨柜
built-in cupboards 壁橱
9. cupboard
(pl. cupboards)
n. 橱柜; 壁橱;衣柜
10.assign
He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day. (Page 38)
※assignment n.分配的工作、任务
※assign sth. to sb. / assign sb. sth.
把……分配给……
※assign sb. (to sth. /as sth. ) 指定; 指派
※assign sb. to do sth. 派某人做某事
(1)The teacher assigned a different task ___ each of the children.
(2)You need to complete three ___________ (assign) each week.
to
assignments
vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)，布置
stewardess n.(轮船/飞机/火车上的)女乘务员; 女服务员
servant n. 仆人; 佣人; 公务员; 雇员
passenger n. 乘客; 旅客
11. steward
n. (轮船/飞机/火车上的)男乘务员; 男服务员
(pl. stewards)
(pl. stewardesses)
12.envy n.&vt. 羡慕；妒忌
①envied sb. for (doing) sth. 羡慕/嫉妒某人(做)某事
②out of envy 出于羡慕/嫉妒
③with envy 羡慕地；嫉妒地
envious adj.羡慕的；妒忌的
④be envious of sb. 羡慕/嫉妒某人
envied-envied
1.They envied the young woman for _______(earn) so much, strarting to freeze her out.
2.They say such scandalous things about you out of envy. Don’t take them seriously.
3.Tom was ______(envy) of his brother's success in business.
envious
earning
翻译下列句子。
1. 出于嫉妒，他几乎不和Tom说话。
Out of envy, he hardly talk with Tom.
2.羡慕同事们的收入， 他决定努力工作。(形容词作状语)
Envious of his colleagues’ income, he determined to work hard.
get crushed 被压碎
13. crush
vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎
n. 拥挤的人群
crash v./n. 坠毁; 猛撞; 碰撞; 撞击
crowd n. 人群; 群众; 观众
v. 拥挤; 挤满; 塞满
14. sink (sank/sunk -- sunk)
vi. 沉没;下沉; 下降
vt. 使下沉; 使沉没
n. 水槽，水池
be sunk in sth. 陷入不快（或沉思）中
sink to the bottom of the sea 沉入海底
15. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n.放任/纵
①abandon oneself to(介词) 沉溺/纵情于；
②abandon doing... 放弃做……
③with abandon 恣意/放纵地; 尽情地
abandoned adj.被抛弃的；报废的；自暴自弃的
1.Please don't abandon yourself _______ computer games.
2.The young man abandoned himself to _______(drink) because of his failure in cause.
3.The little boy claimed that his parents had abandoned ______(raise) him.
4.At the party , people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.
5.纵情于享乐，这个农场主荒废了他的土地。(非谓语作状语)
Abandoning himself to pleasure, the farmer makes his land abandoned.
drinking
addict oneself to
drown oneself in
to
raising
be abandoned to (doing) 沉湎于……
16. stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具 (pl. stoves)
a gas/wood-burning stove 烧煤气 / 木柴的火炉
cook v. 煮; 烹饪; 烹调 n. 厨师; 炊事员
cooker n. 炊具; 厨具
17. blanket n. 毯子 (pl. blankets)
v. 覆盖，笼罩
adj.全面的，无一例外的;通用的
a blanket of fog/snow/cloud
厚厚的一层雾 / 雪 / 云
carpet [ kɑ p t]: n. 地毯
belongings n.财物；动产
belonging n.归属
belong vi.属于
①belong to 属于……；是……的成员
不用于进行时和被动语态
(用复数)
1.Look after your personal _________(belong) while waiting for the bus.
2.As the president addressed at the graduation ceremony, struggling for our dreams offers us a sense of _________(belong).
3.The contents of shipwrecks belong ______ the state.
4.It is known to us that China is a country which __________(belong) to the Third World.
.
belongs
belongings
belonging
to
19. banjo n. 班卓琴(乐器) (pl. banjos)
a banjo lover 乡村歌曲爱好者
play the banjo 弹班卓琴
misery un.痛苦
20. miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的
miserably adv. 痛苦地; 艰苦地;
我多么惨呀！
How miserable I was！
21. voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行 (pl. voyages)
a voyage in space 航天
go on a voyage around the world 做一次环游世界的旅行
trip: n. 旅行 (常指短途旅行)journey: n. 旅行; 旅程 (主要指时间较长、距离较远的陆上/水上/空中的旅行)tour: n. 旅游; 观光 (距离可长可短)travel: n. 旅行 (泛指旅行的行为)
22. navy n. 海军；海军部队
(pl. navies)
join the navy 参加海军
join the army 参加陆军
join the air force 参加空军
Chinese Navy
decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的
decently adv.正派地，高雅地
I no longer use drugs and I struggle to lead a decent life.
decency n. 正派; 正直; 体面; 社会上高尚文雅行为的标准
24. cosy/cozy adj. 温馨的；舒适的
(比较级: cosier 最高级: cosiest)
cosily/cozily adv. 舒适地; 惬意地
cosiness/ coziness n. 舒适，安逸
I feel cosy after coming back my cosy little home.
25. selfish adj. 自私的
selfishly adv.自私地;任性地
selfishness n.自私
selfless adj. 无私的
selflessly adv. 无私地
It be selfish/selfless of sb to do... 某人做什么是自私的/无私的
26. good/bad-tempered
adj. 脾气好的/坏的
get very bad-tempered 爱发脾气
27. genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
(指物品是真的而非假冒或人造的时, 常可与 real 换用)
genuineness n.真实，真正；真诚，真挚
a very genuine person 非常诚实可信的人
genuinely adv.真地; 真正地; 真诚地; 诚实地
fake: 假的(指伪造的、冒充的)
perseverance un.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
28. persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求
①persevere in (doing) sth. 坚持(做)某事
②persevere with sb./sth. 对...坚持不懈
1.The injuried are determined to persevere in the fight.
2.A good teacher have to persevere with difficult students.
29. resolve
①resolve to do sth. 决定/决心做某事
②resolve on (doing) sth. 决定/决心(做)某事
③resolve that从句 决定...
resolution n.决心/定[C];决议[C]；解决[U];
④make a resolution to do sth. 决心/决定做某事
1.He resolved to do something to help the children he had met.
=He resolved ____ doing some thing to help the children he had met.
=He resolved ____ he would something to help the children he had met.
2.How can we resolve this apparent contradiction
3.Nothing could weaken his resolve to continue.
4.通过一项决议
pass/adopt/approve a resolution
on
that
vi. & vt. 决定/决心；
解决(问题或困难)
un. 决心/坚定的信念
30. crew n. (轮船/飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；
专业团队；一群人
staff n.全体职工/雇员
majority n. 大多数
minority n. 少数
(作主语谓语可用单 也可用复)
31. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的
cruelly adv. 残酷地; 残暴地; 极度地; 非常
cruelty n. 残酷，虐待; 不公
be cruel to sb/sth 对…残酷/冷酷
be rude to sb/sth 对…无礼/粗鲁
be mean to sb/sth 对...刻薄
be friendly to sb/sth 对…友好
be thankful/grateful to... 对...感谢/感激
我无法容忍虐待动物的人。（定语从句）
I can’t stand people who are cruel to animals.
32. misfortune n.不幸/厄运
fortune n.大笔的钱/巨款【C】；运气/机遇【U】； 命运【常用复数】
fortunate adj.幸运的
unfortunate adj.不幸运的
fortunately adv.幸运地；
unfortunately adv.不幸地
=lucky
=unlucky
=luckily
=unluckily
=luck
=unluck
1.发财/致富
make a/one’s fortune
2.碰运气
seek one’s fortune
3.I was fortunate ________(work) with a brilliant head of department.
=I was fortunate ______ working with a brilliant head of department.
=It is fortunate ______ I worked with a brilliant head of department.
3.我有幸得到一次沿丝绸之路旅行的宝贵机会。
I am fortunate to get a precious opportunity to travel along the Silk Road.
33. ①be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. 很幸运做某事
②It’s fortunate that从句（主语从句） ……很幸运
to work
in
that
34. damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的
v. 弄湿; 削弱; 抑制
n. 湿气; 潮湿 (dampness)
damply adv. 潮湿地，衰减地;
damp a towel 弄湿毛巾
1.The Sunday papers are full of ______________(advertise) for cars.
2.在报纸上登广告
put/place an advertisement in a paper/newspaper
3.在网上登广告
post an advertisement
advertising un.广告业/广告活动
advertise vt./vi.为做广告/宣传；征聘/寻找
advertisement cn.广告；
advertiser cn.登广告者；广告商
advertisements
水面“粗糙的”
气流“粗糙的”
“粗糙的”思考即不确切
“粗糙的”感受即不舒服
“粗糙的”环境即不安全
道路“粗糙的”
36.高频词：rough 语义网络图
粗糙的
rough
（基本义）
（表面）粗糙的；（道路）崎岖的
（天气）恶劣的；有暴风雨的
风浪大的
粗略的
艰难的；难受的
多暴力的；犯罪率高的
roughly adv. 粗略地; 大体上
be rough on sb.
对某人粗暴苛刻
The wood gave off a sweet, perfumed smell as it burned.
2.We have 1,000 CDs to give away to our readers.
3.Don’ worry, I won’t give you away.
4.The government refused to give in to their demands.
5.All assignments must be given in to your teacher by Friday.
6.Students were giving out leaflets to everyone on the street.
7.My money was giving out and there were no jobs to be found.
8.A gas lamp gave out pale yellowish light.
9.She gave up her job and started writing poetry.
give off 放出（热/光/气味/气体）
give away 赠送；泄露（秘密）/暴露
give in 屈服/让步/投降；上交
give up 放弃（尤指经常做的事/努力）
give out 分发；耗尽/用光；发出（光/热/信号）
mitment n.承诺/承诺的事【C】；
（对组织/活动的）投入/奉献/忠诚【U】；
commit v.犯（错误/罪行）；投入（钱/时间/人力等）；
承担义务/做出保证
committed adj.尽心尽力的/坚定的
1.自杀
commit suicide
2.犯罪
commit a crime
3.The council has committed large amounts of money _____ housing projects.
commit-committed-committed；committing
to
①commit to 把…投入…
②mit (oneself) to doing sth. 某人承诺(自己)做某事/致力于
= sb. be committed to dong sth.
=sb. make a commitment to doing sth.
1.He clearly committed himself to _________ (continue) down the path of economic reform.
=He was committed to continuing down the path of economic reform.
=He made a commitment to continuing down the path of economic reform.
continuing
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