(共31张PPT)
Unit 2
Unit 2
A life’s work
Predicative clauses
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
Exploring the rules
1. What form does the predicative take in sentences (a) and (b)
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
Predicative clause
The predicative in sentences (a) and (b) takes the form of a clause.
2. Why is “what” used in sentence (a) and “where” used in sentence (b)
a This is what makes them so special.
谓语
主语
What is used in sentence (a) because it acts as the subject of “make” in the predicative clause.
谓语
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
where he usually had the same meal of sausages…
谓语had的地点状语
Where is used in sentence (b) because it acts as the adverbial in the predicative clause.
3. What other words do you know that can lead a predicative clause
Other words are that, who, when, how, why, etc.
eg The trouble is that I have lost his address.
The problem is who we can get to replace Frank.
The question is when they will start the project.
The question is how we can find the suitable man for the job.
That's why Tony got angry with me.
Now look for more sentences with predicative clauses in the reading passage, and summarize their uses in your own words.
This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.
Bill Cunningham was an observer, and not one of the observed, a worker not a star – and this was how he wanted it.
在句中起表语作用的从句叫表语从句。表语从句通常放在系动词如be, look, remain, seem等后面，构成：
“主语+系动词+表语从句”，表语从句用陈述语序。
表语从句
1. 引导表语从句的连接词
1) 从属连词: that, whether等。
that和 whether只起连接作用, 不作句子成分, 但不能省略。
eg The trouble is that we are short of funds.
The question is whether my parents agree with me.
2. 连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等。
连接代词既起连接作用，又在从句中作主语、 宾语、表语或定语。
eg The problem is who can complete the difficult task.
This is what I want.
3. 连接副词: when, where, why, how等。
连接副词既起连接作用, 又在从句中作时间、地点、原因或方式状语。
eg The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
What I want to know is how you can persuade him to go.
4. 其他连接词: because, as if/ as though等。
eg That’s because you eat too much.
It looks as if it was going to snow.
2. 使用表语从句时的注意事项
1) 主语是表示“建议、命令、要求”的词, suggestion, advice, order, request, demand等，表语从句的谓语用 “should+动词原形”, should可省略。
eg His suggestion is that we (should) stay calm.
2) as if / as though引导表语从句，表示与事实相反时要用虚拟语气。
eg It looks as if she were drunk
It appears as if he hadn’t met her.
3) 表语从句的特殊句式
The reason why… is that … ……的原因是……
This/That/It is because… 这/那是因为……
This/That/It is why… 这/那就是……的原因
eg The reason why he was late is that his bike broke down.
He had seen the film before. That’s why he didn’t see it last night.
He didn’t see the film last night. That’s because he had seen it before.
1) The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ______ one can be entirely free from dust.
2) —What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame, Mum. I am ______ you have made me.
3) The best moment for the football star was ______ he scored the winning goal.
4) This is ______ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
that
what
when
what
5) Without his support, we wouldn’t be ______ we are now.
6) The advantage of cycling to work is ______ we can live a low-carbon life.
7) My idea is ______ we should support the reform of the legal system.
8) All she’s worried about is ________ he is all right.
9) The most important thing is ______ we can get through the difficult times.
where
that
that
whether
how
Listen to the story of Ruth Bancroft and complete the sentences with predicative clauses. Listen again if necessary.
Who is Ruth Bancroft & what she does
Applying the rules
Ruth Bancroft (1908~2017) was the creator of the Ruth Bancroft Garden in Walnut Creek, California. Bancroft was born in Brockton to Swedish parents, who relocated when she was a baby. As a child, she loved to explore the Californian flora, and establishing a garden grew out of her own personal interest in plants and wildflowers. Her garden was the first to be preserved by The Garden Conservancy, and has been welcoming visitors since 1992. Bancroft lived to the incredible age of 109.
1. One reason why the garden is unique is ______________
_______________________________________________.
2. Another reason for its uniqueness is ________________
_______________________________________________.
3. The drought-resistant plants with thick, fleshy leaves became ________________________________________.
4. Although Walnut Creek was not ___________________
________________________, Ruth managed to grow them by much trial and error.
that it comprises
an array of plants adapted to dry conditions
that it is the
life’s work of only one woman: Ruth Bancroft
what she was most interested in
where they grew
naturally
5. It seemed _______________________________________
_____________________________________________.
6. Those five-star reviews prove _____________________
_______________________________________________.
as though nothing would ever stop her
from continuing this work
how much visitors
admire her garden
What do you know about Mei Lanfang
Mei Lanfang
Mei Lanfang (1894~1961), the artist of Beijing Opera performance, borned in Beijing. He made his debut at the age of 11. Mei learned Hua dan (an attractive young woman). He worked hard in learning Kunqu, viewing the plays of female role and all the other characters extensively. He formed his own artistic style which was called Mei school.
Rewrite the sentences using predicative clauses.
1. At the age of eight, he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.
The age of eight was when he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.
2. Every day Mei watched them as they flew, which helped him to develop the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art.
Watching the pigeons as they flew every day was how he developed the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art.
3. His hard work and dedication made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.
His hard work and dedication were what made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.
4. Mei was also an innovator. In addition to new stage designs and singing styles, his innovations in make-up and costume design allowed for more vivid depictions of female characters. This contributed greatly to development of Peking Opera.
His innovations in make-up and costume design, which allowed for more vivid depictions of female characters, were what contributed greatly to the development of Peking Opera.
5. This lifelong devotion has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.
This lifelong devotion was what has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.
Think of another artist and write about their devotion to their art. Use predicative clauses. Use predicative clauses where appropriate.
