2022-2023学年河南省焦作市沁阳高级中学高一（下）开学英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2022-2023学年河南省焦作市沁阳高级中学高一（下）开学英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-18 22:18:22 | ||
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2022-2023学年河南省焦作市沁阳高级中学高一（下）开学英语试卷
A
Imperial Bricks
Imperial （皇家的） bricks were made completely for imperial buildings，especially palaces，in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Mainly made in Suzhou，the bricks were transported through the Grand Canal to Beijing.They have a fine quality，and are strong and hard.They have a pure blue-green coulor like a mirror and produce a metal sound when knocked.Given their high cost，they are properly called the golden bricks .The craft （工艺品） has been on the national-level intangible cultural heritage list since 2006.
Peking Duck
Peking duck has been a famous dish from Beijing since the imperial times，characterized by its delicious skin and meat.The cooked duck is cut into pieces and eaten with green onion，cucumber and sweet bean sauce，often with pancake rolled around fillings.It was selected as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Shadow Play
Shadow play （皮影） is an ancient form of storytelling that uses flat cut-out figures or shadow play between a source of light and a screen.Various sight effects can be achieved by moving both the dolls and the light source.It is popular in many places along the Grand Canal，including Hebei and Zhejiang.In 2011，Chinese shadow play was listed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Kunqu Opera
Kunqu opera，one of the oldest existing forms of Chinese opera，came from Kunshan of what is now Suzhou city in Jiangsu province.Using emotional lines from poetry classics and through sweet and beautiful singing，it made progress in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River，and naturally reached other parts of the country via the Grand Canal.
1. Which makes Imperial Bricks get the name of golden bricks？
A. Their color. B. Their value. C. Their shape. D. Their history
2. Where did the lines of Kunqu Opera come from？
A. Theater writers. B. Ancient stories.
C. Classic poems. D. Famous magazines.
3. What is a cultural heritage of the world's level according to the text？
A. Shadow Play. B. Peking Duck.
C. Kunqu Opera. D. Imperial Bricks.
B
In October，Jennifer Garner was recognized by Toun & Country magazine for her charity work.Since 2009，the award-winning actress has served as an artist ambassador（大使）for Save the Children，a global organization.
Garner was honored at a Philanthropy Meeting in New York City hosted by Town & Country.After the meeting，NBC News Reporter Cynthia McFadden interviewed Garner，who grew up in a countryside community in West Virginia，where she experienced the poor life first-hand.
"When I got older， "Garner said， "I saw famous organizations helping people all over the world. "This led her to wonder： "Why don't they support poor people here in our own country？"
The actress now spends countless hours on healthy food and early schooling programs in the countryside areas.She does what she can to support Save the Children's efforts to bring healthy meals to children，educate and provide resources（资源）to parents .
When asked what kids could do to follow her example，Garner said： "You could help raise money.You could do a book drive.You could wash cars.You could find a way to volunteer. " Shriver，who encouraged Garner to join Save the Children，agreed. "Don't let anyone tell you that you can't make a difference， "he said.
Last August，Garner visited Eastern Kentucky after flooding destroyed the area.She looked into the damage at a school in the town of Ary，where even the library was flooded.
"My little primary school library totally shaped my life， " Garner told Cynthia. "I wanted to be a school librarian.I wanted to work in a library space just like this. "The library was one of 16 that Save the Children had helped to build in Kentucky.
Now，Gamer is doing her best to make sure more books get into the hands of children. "We have a lot of work to do， "Gamer told Toun & Country. "But we will dig in. "
4. Which word best describes Garner's childhood？
A. Hard. B. Happy C. Lonely D. Interesting.
5. Why did Gamer once question those famous organizations？
A. They carried out unfair measures.
B. They spent too much money on unnecessary matters.
C. They should help their own people in need.
D. They paid little attention to education.
6. What does Garner focus on at present？
A. Teaching children to volunteer.
B. Making her hometown known to others.
C. Those suffering from natural disasters.
D. Kids' health and education in poor areas.
7. What was Garner's dream job as a child？
A. Serving others. B. Working at a library.
C. Being a movie actress. D. Selling books to children.
C
A controlled fishing system in Brazil's Amazon River area is helping to save an endangered fish.The fish is the pirarucú .It is also known in Brazil as arapaima.The pirarucú is believed to be the largest of 2，300 different kinds of fish known to live in the Amazon Basin.It can grow to be three meters long and weigh up to 200 kilograms.
The fish mostly live in lakes across large areas of the Brazilian Amazon.They are carnivores ，meaning they feed on other fish.
The pirarucú is considered endangered because of overfishing.illegal fishing activities left many communities struggling to find the fish，which traditionally is an important food.In recent years，however，illegal fishing of the pirarucú has been sharply reduced.And the fish has increasingly been recovering.The improvements came after efforts that included close cooperation between communities.
One of the unusual things about the pirarucú is that they need to breathe air to survive.The fish need to take at least one breath every 20 minutes.They rise to the surface to do so.This behavior by the fish makes it easier to tell how many pirarucús are active in an area.A count of the fish is now carried out once a year by fishermen trained to use the method.By law，only 30 percent of the pirarucú in a certain area can be fished the following year.
Pirarucú fishing is now done once a year，around September，the period when water levels are lowest.
Efforts have led to increases in the pirarucú population in some areas.In the Sao Raimundo area，there were 1，335 pirarucús in nearby lakes in 2011，when controlled fishing began.Last year，records showed there were 4，092.In the Carauari area，the number of the pirarucú rose from 4，916 to 46，839 between 2011 and 2021.
8. Which of the following makes the fish unusual？
A. Its large size. B. Its hunting way.
C. Its medical value. D. Its swimming speed.
9. What does the underlined word " carnivores" in paragraph 2 mean？
A. Governors. B. Meat-eaters.
C. Fresh water animals. D. Healthy creatures.
10. Why are the fish easy to count？
A. They always swim on top of water.
B. They are large enough to be discovered.
C. They live at the lowest water level.
D. They surface from time to time.
11. What are the numbers in the last paragraph about？
A. Kinds of fish. B. Catches of the fish.
C. Costs of fishing. D. Changes of the fish population.
D
Dogs are much smarter than people imagine.A new study has even shown that they will ignore （忽视）us when they know that we are lying to them.They can even tell when strangers are lying to them when it comes to food.
The study tested if dogs could use clues in order to tell whether people were being honest on not.The study found that in certain cases，dogs are able to understand when someone is lying
Of course，the main interest for dogs is food，which is how researchers tested this theory.They gathered 260 dogs of different kinds.The researchers found that dogs were able to follow their own sense when they were given wrong instructions about where the food actually was
The dogs were given two boxes and were taught to follow the advice of a human they did not know in order to find the treat.The human tapped the box with the treat while looking at the dogs and saying "look，this is good." By following this advice，they got the treat
Next，the dogs watched as a second human they did not know changed the box the treat was in，at times while the first human was still there，and sometimes while he was not.Half the dogs did not follow the human's advice if he was not present while the change happened，meaning the dogs knew the fact that he did not know where the treat was.Interestingly，two thirds of the dogs were able to refuse the advice from the humans pointing to the wrong box when they were there for the change，which shows that the dogs knew that they were being lied to，the opposite of what researchers were expecting.
The researchers said that in earlier studies，both young children and primates （灵长类） were more likely to follow the advice of the lying person，though they saw the truth，suggesting that dogs are less trusting humans' advice.
12. What do we know about the dogs in the first step of the test？
A. They were cheated by the owner.
B. They followed a stranger's instruction.
C. They found the food by its own sense.
D. They refused to follow humans' advice
13. Why did the dogs refuse to follow the person's advice in the second step？
A. He was not their owner. B. He had cheated them before.
C. He hid the treat away. D. He didn't see what had happened.
14. What did the researchers think of the experiment result？
A. It was beyond their expectations.
B. It agreed with earlier studies.
C. It proved dogs don't trust humans.
D. It showed dogs are cleverer than kids.
15. What can be the best title for the text？
A. Dogs Are Humans' Best Friends.
B. Dogs Are Smarter 'Than Primates.
C. Dogs Know When You're Lying to 'Them.
D. Dogs Have Better Ability to Judge Than Children.
Autumn is a good time to plan for new flowers and plants for next year's growing season. （1） As a result，it is necessary to improve soil（土壤）before plants are in place .
First，remove unwanted plants from the area.Next，test to see how pH the soil is. （2） Some universities have agricultural offices offering low-cost testing services to home gardeners.
Each kind of plant will do best in a specific PH levels.If the reading is outside the target levels for a plant，it will not be able to take in nutrients（养分）to its best abilities .So，learn their pH requirements，and prepare the soil if necessary for the plants.
（3） Keep some of them on garden beds.If possible，break them into small pieces.Then spread 7 to 10 centimeters of compost（堆肥），or food and vegetable waste，over the leaves or directly on the soil if there are no leaves.The compost will offer high-quality nutrients into the ground to feed the plants.
Place 5 to 8 centimeters of small pieces of wood，or coverings，over the compost to keep unwanted plants from growing and reasonable soil temperature and wetness over the winter. （4） The proper time is when air temperatures have reached below 2℃ for at least four hours.
By spring，the benefit of your effort will be available at root level，and the soil will have softened for easier planting. （5） The new garden will do well with the rich environment that has been created.And the garden will show this hard work with strong growth，beautiful flowers，and productive vegetables.And they will be healthier and better to bear unwanted diseases.
A.Autumn leaves are also good for gardens.
B.The path to success starts with a good base.
C.The richest soil is found on the forest ground.
D.Push the covering away and grow flowers and plants.
E.Doing so could bring unwanted plant seeds to the surface.
F.If plants are already growing in the bed，delay adding coverings.
G.In some countries，the tests are reasonably priced and easy to find.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
When our first grandchild，Noah，was born，we didn't know what to expect.We thought he would be （1） and develop like others.（2） ，that was not the case.
Noah had a lot of health （3） from the very beginning，one of which was failure to （4） naturally.
We take a lot for granted（想当然）when we have children，and one is their eating. （5） 一 Noah wasn't able to suck（吸）like most （6） .While in the hospital，a feeding （7） had to be put in.Though this was needed，it （8） our hearts to see what all Noah went through.
One day I was in the grocery store.A young mother was walking by with her （9） baby.The baby started to cry out loud.Then，in a bored voice，the mother looked at me and （10） that now she had to （11） the two-month-old baby again.I knew she was taking feeding her baby as an inconvenience but not something to be thankful for.
I understood the mother，but I （12） with her what Noah was going through.I said， "You have no idea how （13） my daughter would be to feed Noah like you're able to. "
Noah is unique and 13 years old now.He has come a long way.I'm thankful he can do things today that I didn't know he would ever be （14） enough to do.
Today，let's take some time to （15） things we often take for granted and be thankful.
21. A. clever B. healthy C. handsome D. honest
22. A. Surely B. Usually C. Strangely D. Unfortunately
23. A. tests B. records C. problems D. puzzles
24. A. walk B. grow C. think D. speak
25. A. ability B. need C. habit D. method
26. A. students B. parents C. babies D. pets
27. A. tool B. spoon C. bowl D. bottle
28. A. encouraged B. changed C. calmed D. broke
29. A. polite B. brave C. newborn D. patient
30. A. explained B. noticed C. warned D. promised
31. A. feed B. watch C. support D. remember
32. A. discussed B. imagined C. discovered D. shared
33. A. stressed B. satisfied C. shocked D. worried
34. A. strong B. quick C. active D. wise
35. A. set aside B. search for C. think about D. go through
36. China's largest nuclear（核能的） heating project started operations（1） Tuesday night to provide heat for households，as China has been increasing nuclear heating，（2） （ show） an intention to move away from coal.
The project will serve an area of 5 million square meters and provide clean heating for 200，000 residents in Haiyang，a county- level city of Yantai，Shandong province.As（3） largest nuclear heating project in the country，it accounts for 92.8 percent of the country's total nuclear heating ability.
Nuclear heating has been one of the major（4） （ method） around the world as nuclear power delivers nonstop heat.
China seeks to gradually reduce coal use in the heating，but natural gas as a replacement still produces carbon emission（排放）.This makes unclear power an effective choices for meeting（5） （ it） goal to give up coal in the country（6） （ final）.
The Haiyang project is the second unclear heating projects（7） started operations for winter heating in China this year.Hangyanhe Nuclear Power Plant in Liaoning province，the first commercial（商业的） nuclear heating project in Northeast China，（8） （ put） into operation earlier this month.
It covers a heating area of 242，400 square meters（9） replaces the 12 coal- fired small boilers in Hongyanhe town in Liaoning's Dalian.
The third stage of the Haiyang nuclear energy heating project in Shandong currently being built is expected（10） （ start） providing clear heating by 2023.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
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37. 你校组织高一学生去新农民社区参观住宅和蔬菜种植。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，介 绍这项活动，内容包括：
（1）时间和地点；
（2）参观过程；
（3）活动意义。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit to a New Farmer Community______
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sometime in 1957，Annie，my grandma，had both her kids.My mom was her firstborn followed by my uncle soon after.Grandma decided to look for a brave business journey in coffee industry where no women held any position.She didn't like the fact that Grandpa had to work for some other company to make a living.So she moved 100km away from where Grandpa used to live and bought a piece of land with 2 kids to support to start her own coffee farm.
As my mom and uncle grew and were school going in the nearby village，this brave woman，Annie，worked endlessly in the land planting one coffee plant after another.By the time my mom and uncle were in Grade 2，she had planted about 12 acres of coffee plants all alone.
This journey was not easy；Grandpa was home only on Saturdays and Sundays，when he had leave from work.Grandma barely slept through the nights from 1957 until 1963，guarding her land，her resources and children.At last，Grandpa gave up his job and came to support Grandma both emotionally and physically.
She realized she had created a large farm now and couldn't just use herself and her kids to work to maintain and grow the land.So，by the time my mom and uncle were in Grade 5，Grandma decided the education in village school wasn't good enough to her kids and sent them off to Mangalore to study and enjoy a town life with their cousins.
Sometime in 1965，Grandma decided to go shopping for labour.She picked up the workers' families to work for the farm，often driving the tractor on her own every morning to bring labour to her farm before 7：30 am.As age caught on，it was difficult to pick up and drop workers every morning and every evening.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My grandmother decided to let the workers' families live around the farm.__________________
Workers' children needed to be educated.__________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Imperial Bricks部分中的关键句They have a fine quality，and are strong and hard.They have a pure blue-green coulor like a mirror and produce a metal sound when knocked.Given their high cost，they are properly called the golden bricks.（它们的质地很好，结实而坚硬。它们像镜子一样呈纯蓝绿色，敲击时会发出金属声。考虑到它们的高成本，它们被恰当地称为"金砖"。）可知金砖名字的由来是因为它的价值和成本高。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。由本文Kunqu Opera部分中的关键句Using emotional lines from poetry classics and through sweet and beautiful singing，it made progress in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River，and naturally reached other parts of the country via the Grand Canal.（它用经典诗词中的抒情诗句，用甜美动听的歌声，在长江下游发展，并自然地通过大运河传播到全国各地。）可知昆曲的台词来自古诗词。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。由本文Shadow Play部分中的关键句In 2011，Chinese shadow play was listed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.（2011年，中国皮影戏被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。）可知皮影戏是世界水平的文化遗产。故选A。
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国的四项非物质文化遗产。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】A、C、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段After the meeting，NBC News Reporter Cynthia McFadden interviewed Garner，who grew up in a countryside community in West Virginia，where she experienced the poor life first-hand.（会议结束后，美国全国广播公司新闻记者Cynthia McFadden采访了在西弗吉尼亚州一个农村社区长大的Garner，她在那里亲身经历了贫困的生活。）可知，Garner幼时的生活很艰难。A.Hard.艰难的；B.Happy高兴的；C.Lonely孤独的；D.Interesting.有趣的。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段When I got older， "Garner said， "I saw famous organizations helping people all over the world. " This led her to wonder： "Why don't they support poor people here in our own country？"（"当我长大后，"Garner说，"我看到著名的组织在帮助世界各地的人们。"这让她想："为什么他们不支持我们国家的穷人呢？"）可知，她感到奇怪，为什么这些知名的组织不帮帮自己国家那些需要帮助的人。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段The actress now spends countless hours on healthy food and early schooling programs in the countryside areas.She does what she can to support Save the Children's efforts to bring healthy meals to children，educate and provide resources（资源）to parents . （这位女演员现在花了无数时间在农村地区的健康食品和早期教育项目上。她尽其所能支持救助儿童会的努力，为儿童提供健康膳食，教育和为父母提供资源。）可知，现阶段Garner工作的焦点是贫困地区孩子的健康和教育问题上。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段"My little primary school library totally shaped my life， " Garner told Cynthia. "I wanted to be a school librarian.I wanted to work in a library space just like this. "（Garner告诉Cynthia："我小学的小图书馆完全改变了我的生活。""我想成为一名学校图书管理员。我想在这样的图书馆空间里工作。"）可知，Garner小时候希望自己在图书馆工作。因此B.Working at a library.（在图书馆工作）符合题意。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了演员Jennifer Garner因其慈善工作而被《Toun & Country》杂志表彰。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】A、B、D、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第四句"The pirarucú is believed to be the largest of 2，300 different kinds of fish known to live in the Amazon Basin. （据信，pirarucú是已知生活在亚马逊盆地的2300种不同鱼类中最大的一种。）"可知，使这种鱼与众不同的是它的尺寸（在亚马逊盆地中最大）。故选A项。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线单词后"meaning they feed on other fish（这意味着它们以其他鱼类为食。）"可知，carnivores 是"食肉动物"的意思。A．Governors.州长；B．Meat-eaters.吃饭的动物；C．Fresh water animals.淡水动物；D．Healthy creatures.健康的生物。故选B项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段第One of the unusual things about the pirarucú is that they need to breathe air to survive.（关于pirarucú的一件不寻常的事情是他们需要呼吸空气才能生存。）和They rise to the surface to do so.This behavior by the fish makes it easier to tell how many pirarucús are active in an area. （它们浮到水面上这样做。鱼的这种行为使它更容易判断一个区域有多少pirarucús活跃。）可知，数这种鱼的数量很简单，是因为他们会出现在水面上呼吸。故选D项。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Efforts have led to increases in the pirarucú population in some areas.（在一些地区，这些努力已经导致pirarucú数量的增加。）可知，最后一段的这些具体数字是为了说明这种鱼的数量在改变。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文。在巴西亚马逊河地区，科学们经过努力，用一个受控捕鱼系统帮助拯救了一种濒危鱼类pirarucú。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第四段The dogs were given two boxes and were taught to follow the advice of a human they did not know in order to find the treat.（这些狗被给了两个盒子，并被教导按照一个他们不认识的人的建议去寻找食物。）可知在测试的第一步中，狗遵循一个陌生人的指示。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段Half the dogs did not follow the human's advice if he was not present while the change happened，meaning the dogs knew the fact that he did not know where the treat was.（如果改变发生时他不在场，一半的狗不会听从人类的建议，这意味着狗知道他不知道食物在哪里）可知，在实验第二步中，狗不听从指示，是因为改变发生时此人不在场，不知道发生了什么。故选D项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Interestingly，two thirds of the dogs were able to refuse the advice from the humans pointing to the wrong box when they were there for the change，which shows that the dogs knew that they were being lied to，the opposite of what researchers were expecting.（有趣的是，三分之二的狗狗能够拒绝指向错误盒子的人类的建议，因为改变发生时它们在场，这表明狗狗知道它们被骗了，这与研究人员的预期相反。）可知，研究结果是研究人员们意料之外的。故选A项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第A new study has even shown that they will ignore us when they know that we are lying to them.（一项新的研究甚至表明，当它们知道我们在对它们撒谎时，它们会忽略我们）可知，本文主要讲了狗能区分是否人们对他在说谎。C项"Dogs Know When You're Lying to 'Them（狗狗知道你在对它们撒谎）"作为标题可以概括全文。故选C项。
这是一篇说明文。研究表明，狗可以区分是否人们对它撒谎，尤其是涉及到食物的时候。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】B、G、A、F、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据前文Autumn is a good time to plan for new flowers and plants for next year's growing season.（秋天是为明年的生长季节计划新的花卉和植物的好时机。）可知，秋天适合种植；根据后文As a result，it is necessary to improve soil（土壤）before plants are in place .（因此，有必要在植物到位之前改善土壤。）可知，想要秋天的种植有好多结果，必须先把土壤准备好。B项"成功之路始于良好的基础。"强调基础的重要性，即要先准备好土壤，符合语境。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据前文Next，test to see how pH the soil is.（接下来，测试土壤的pH值。）可知，要测试土壤的pH值；后文Some universities have agricultural offices offering low-cost testing services to home gardeners.（一些大学设有农业办公室，为家庭园丁提供低成本的检测服务。）说明了在哪里可以进行测试。G项"在一些国家，这种检查价格合理，而且很容易找到。"承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
（3）段落主题题。根据后文Keep some of them on garden beds.（在花园上保留一些。）和Then spread 7 to 10 centimeters of compost，or food and vegetable waste，over the leaves or directly on the soil if there are no leaves.（然后将7到10厘米的堆肥或食物和蔬菜垃圾撒在叶子上，如果没有叶子，则直接撒在土壤上。）可以推测出，作者建议把叶子保留在花园里，当做肥料。A项"秋天的树叶对花园也有好处。"与后文意义一致，且后文"them"指代的就是A项中的"leaves"。故选A项。
（4）联系上文题。根据前文Place 5 to 8 centimeters of small pieces of wood，or coverings，over the compost to keep unwanted plants from growing and reasonable soil temperature and wetness over the winter.（在堆肥上放置5到8厘米的小木块或覆盖物，以防止不必要的植物生长，并在冬天保持合理的土壤温度和湿度。）可知，为了阻止一些指物的生长和保持土壤的温度和湿度，需要在花园铺上覆盖物；F项"如果植物已经在苗床上生长，则推迟添加覆盖物。"说明，如果植物生长出来了，则土壤的温度和湿度刚好，进一步说明了放遮盖物的一个明显标准，符合语境。故选F项。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文By spring，the benefit of your effort will be available at root level，and the soil will have softened for easier planting.（到了春天，你努力的成果就会在根部显现出来，土壤也会变软，更容易种植。）可知，在春天，土壤达到了种植的条件。"your effort"指代的就是上一段中的"Place 5 to 8 centimeters of small pieces of wood，or coverings"，即放覆盖物。既然土壤已经适合种植了，那么此时就可以去掉覆盖物了。D项"推开覆盖物，种植花草。"承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在秋天该对土壤做些什么，为花园的种植做好准备。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、D、C、B、A、C、A、D、C、A、A、D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.clever聪明的；B.healthy健康的；C.handsome英俊的；D.honest诚实的。句意：我们以为他会很健康，会像其他人一样成长。根据后文"and develop like others"可知，我们以为孙子会像别人一样健康的成长。故选B项。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.Surely肯定；B.Usually通常；C.Strangely奇怪的是，D.Unfortunately不幸的是。句意：不幸的是，事实并非如此。根据后文" that was not the case"可知，事实并不是我们以为的"像其他人一样健康成长"，这是不幸的事情。故选D项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.tests测试；B.records记录；C.problems问题；D.puzzles迷惑。句意：Noah从一开始就有很多健康问题，其中之一就是不能自然成长。根据前文"We take a lot for granted when we have children，and one is their eating.（ 当我们有孩子的时候，我们认为很多事情是理所当然的，其中之一就是他们的饮食能力）"后文"Noah wasn't able to suck（Noah不会吸吮）"可知，Noah从一开始有很多健康问题，其中之一就是不会吸吮。故选C项。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.walk行走；B.grow成长；C.think思考；D.speak讲话。句意：Noah从一开始就有很多健康问题，其中之一就是不能自然成长。根据后文"Noah wasn't able to suck（Noah不会吸吮）"可知，像吮吸这样自然的事情，他都不会，说明Noah没能自然地成长。故选B项。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.ability能力；B.need需求；C.habit习惯；D.method方法。句意：当我们有孩子的时候，我们认为很多事情是理所当然的，其中之一就是他们的饮食能力。根据前文"eating"及后文"Noah wasn't able to suck"和"feeding"可知，我们想当然的认为孩子有吃饭的能力。故选A项。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.students学生；B.parents父母；C.babies婴儿；D.pets宠物。句意：Noah不能像大多数婴儿一样吮吸。根据前文"Noah had a lot of health（3）______from the very beginning"及"Noah wasn't able to suck"可知，Noah刚开始就有发育问题，所以他不能像其他婴儿一样吮吸。故选C项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.tool工具；B.spoon勺子；C.bowl碗；D.bottle瓶子。句意：在医院里，他不得不插入一个喂食工具。根据后文"Though this was needed，it （8）______our hearts to see what all Noah went through"可知，目睹Noah所经历的这些让我们心碎，因此Noah在医院里是遭罪的，他需要一个特别的喂食工具，才能把饭吃下去。故选A项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.encouraged鼓励；B.changed改变；C.calmed使镇静；D.broke使破碎。句意：虽然这是必要的，但看到Noah经历的一切，我们的心都碎了。根据前文"While in the hospital，a feeding（7）______had to be put in."和后文"our hearts to see what all Noah went through."可知，Noah在医院吃饭时需要一个喂食工具，我们目睹着这一切，感到心碎。break one's heart意为"令某人心碎"。故选D项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.polite礼貌的；B.brave勇敢的；C.newborn新生的；D.patient耐心的。句意：一位年轻的母亲抱着刚出生的孩子走过。根据后文"the two-month-old baby again"可知，这个婴儿刚出生不久。故选C项。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.explained解释；B.noticed注意；C.warned警告；D.promised许诺。句意：然后，那位母亲看着我，用一种厌倦的声音解释说现在她又得喂两个月大的婴儿了。根据前文"One day I was in the grocery store."和后文" now she had to（11）______the two-month-old baby again."可知，我在商店遇到了陌生人，在婴儿哭的时候，她向我解释孩子又饿了，需要喂奶。故选A项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.feed喂养；B.watch观看；C.support支持；D.remember记住。句意：然后，那位母亲看着我，用一种厌倦的声音解释说现在她又得喂两个月大的婴儿了。根据后文"I knew she was taking feeding her baby as an inconvenience but not something to be thankful for.（我知道她把喂孩子当作一件不方便的事，而不是什么值得感激的事。）"可知，这个母亲向我解释她又得为孩子了。故选A项。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.discussed讨论；B.imagined想象；C.discovered发现；D.shared分享。句意：我理解那位母亲，但我跟她分享了Noah所经历的一切。根据后文"with her what Noah was going through"可知，我与她分享了Noah正在经历着什么。故选D项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.stressed有压力；B.satisfied满意的，知足的；C.shocked震惊的；D.worried担心的。句意：我说："你不知道我女儿能像你一样养活诺亚会有多满足。"根据前文提到的Noah有吸吮苦难，需要喂养工具，以及后文"to feed Noah like you're able to"可知，如果女儿能够像她一样正常的喂孩子，会很满足。故选B项。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.strong强壮的；B.quick全速的；C.active活跃的；D.wise明智的。句意：我很感激他今天能做一些事情，我以前不知道他会足够坚强的去做这些事。文章第二段提到Noah从一开始就有健康问题，结合前文"Noah is unique and 13 years old now.He has come a long way. （诺亚是独一无二的，现在已经13岁了。他已经走了很长一段路。）"可知，Noah这一路走来很不容易，所以他是很坚强的。故选A项。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.set aside留出；B.search for搜索；C.think about考虑；D.go through经历。句意：今天，让我们花点时间想想我们经常认为理所当然的事情，并心存感激。结合上文中作者遇到的年轻妈妈，没有珍惜自己能够正常喂养孩子的经历，呼吁读者花点时间，想想那些普通的、我们想当然的事情，并应该心存感激。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文。作者的孙子一出生就有很多健康问题。连吮吸这样自然的动作都不会，需要喂养工具来辅助。现在他已经13岁了，坚强的完成了别人眼中普通的事情。而生活中，我们并不感激健康、正常长大这样的普通事情，作者呼吁我们应该想想我们当做理所当然的事情，并心存感激。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】on
【小题2】showing
【小题3】the
【小题4】methods
【小题5】its
【小题6】finally
【小题7】that
【小题8】was put
【小题9】and
【小题10】to start
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：中国最大的核能供热项目于周二晚上正式启动，为千家万户居民送上温暖，随着中国一直在增加核能供热，由此显示出摆脱煤炭的意图。具体某一天的晚上前用介词on。故填on。
（2）考查现在分词。句意：中国最大的核能供热项目于周二晚上正式启动，为千家万户居民送上温暖，随着中国一直在增加核能供热，由此显示出摆脱煤炭的意图。此处为非谓语动词作状语，前面一件事与show之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填showing。
（3）考查冠词。句意：作为全国最大的核供热工程，它占全国核供热能力的92.8%。形容词最高级前用定冠词。故填the。
（4）考查可数名词的复数。句意：核加热一直是世界各地的主要方法之一，因为核能提供不间断的热量。one of后跟可数名词的复数，故填methods。
（5）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这使得核能成为实现中国最终脱碳目标的有效选择。此处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词goal。故填its。
（6）考查副词。句意：这使得核能成为实现中国最终脱碳目标的有效选择。此处用副词作状语修饰give up，故填finally。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：海阳市项目是中国今年第二个投入使用的冬季核能供热项目。此处引导定语从句，先行词为nuclear heating project，在定语从句中作主语。由于先行词前有序数词second修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
（8）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：辽宁省红沿河核电站是东北地区首个商业核供热项目，于本月初投入使用。时间状语为earlier this month，句子时态为一般过去时，主语为Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant，谓语动词用三单形式，且与动词短语put into operation之间存在被动关系，故填was put。
（9）考查连词。句意：它的供暖面积为224400平方米，并取代了辽宁省大连市红沿河镇的12台燃煤小锅炉。结合句意可知，此处前后为并列关系，故填and。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：目前正在建设的山东海阳核电供热三期工程预计将于2023年开始提供零碳供热。be expected to表示"预计，预期"。故填to start。
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的核能供热项目，目前投入使用的已经有了两个项目，在为千家万户供暖上发挥了极为重要的作用。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】A Visit to a New Farmer CommunityThis afternoon，our school arranged for Senior One students to visit a new farmer community.（时间和地点）
We were warmly welcomed by the villagers when we arrived.They showed us around their homes，which are newly-built modern buildings equipped with furniture and electrical equipment，and the living environment there is very comfortable.【高分句型一】Then we visited the vegetable farm，where the farmers were growing various green vegetables.【高分句型二】（参观过程）
The activity has left a deep impression on us and deepened our understanding of our country.（活动意义）
【解析】高分句型一：They showed us around their homes，which are newly-built modern buildings equipped with furniture and electrical equipment，and the living environment there is very comfortable.
翻译：他们带我们参观了他们的家，都是新建的现代化建筑，配备了家具和电器设备，生活环境非常舒适。
分析：本句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Then we visited the vegetable farm，where the farmers were growing various green vegetables.
翻译：然后我们参观了蔬菜农场，那里的农民正在种植各种绿色蔬菜。
分析：本句运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。
首先，谋篇布局要合理；其次，简要交代背景；第三，涵盖所有要点；最后，语言有亮点。要熟练掌握各写作类型，亮点句式，高级词汇和短语。同时，还要照顾到语篇的逻辑衔接。注意同一内容的不同表达，做到与众不同，提升自己的语言质量。
38.【答案】My grandmother decided to let the worhers' families live around the farm.She had dozens of houses built and then asked the workers and their family members to move into the new houses.The workers were so grateful that they worked hard on the farm in return for her kindness.【高分句型一】My grandmother was also very kind to the workers and cared about their lives.Grandma tried her best to provide them with good working and living conditions.As a result，my grandmother's coffee farm grew better and better.（描写祖母在农场附近建造住所给工人们居住，并且关心工人们的生活）
Workers' children needed to be educated.The number of workers was increasing，and so was that of their children.Grandma began to solve the problem of schooling for the workers' children.It was a big challenge because there were no schools around the farm.【高分句型二】Therefore，Grandma set up a primary school of her own and hired several teachers.Grandpa managed the school and taught classes，too.Gradually，as more and more workers were coming to work，my grandma's coffee farm grew into a small town.（描写祖母给工人们的孩子建造学校，并雇佣老师来教孩子。随着农场里工人和孩子变大，农场也逐渐变成一个小镇）
【解析】本文以人物为线索，讲述祖母生下妈妈和舅舅后，想要建立自己的咖啡产业，当时没有女性在这一产业中工作。祖母买下了一块地后，独自一人照顾孩子并料理农场里的事情。等到妈妈2年级的时候，祖母已经种植了12英亩的咖啡树。随着农场的变大，祖父辞去工作来陪祖母，给她最大的支持。祖母每天早上开着拖拉机去镇里雇佣工人，但是随着年龄的增长，祖母不能每天来回运送工人。
高分句型一：The workers were so grateful that they worked hard on the farm in return for her kindness.
翻译：工人们非常感激她，他们在农场辛勤工作以回报她的善良。
分析：本句运用了so…that…"如此……以致于"句型，that引导结果状语从句。
高分句型二：It was a big challenge because there were no schools around the farm.
翻译：这是一个很大的挑战，因为农场周围没有学校。
分析：本句运用了because引导的原因状语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
第1页，共1页
A
Imperial Bricks
Imperial （皇家的） bricks were made completely for imperial buildings，especially palaces，in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Mainly made in Suzhou，the bricks were transported through the Grand Canal to Beijing.They have a fine quality，and are strong and hard.They have a pure blue-green coulor like a mirror and produce a metal sound when knocked.Given their high cost，they are properly called the golden bricks .The craft （工艺品） has been on the national-level intangible cultural heritage list since 2006.
Peking Duck
Peking duck has been a famous dish from Beijing since the imperial times，characterized by its delicious skin and meat.The cooked duck is cut into pieces and eaten with green onion，cucumber and sweet bean sauce，often with pancake rolled around fillings.It was selected as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Shadow Play
Shadow play （皮影） is an ancient form of storytelling that uses flat cut-out figures or shadow play between a source of light and a screen.Various sight effects can be achieved by moving both the dolls and the light source.It is popular in many places along the Grand Canal，including Hebei and Zhejiang.In 2011，Chinese shadow play was listed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Kunqu Opera
Kunqu opera，one of the oldest existing forms of Chinese opera，came from Kunshan of what is now Suzhou city in Jiangsu province.Using emotional lines from poetry classics and through sweet and beautiful singing，it made progress in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River，and naturally reached other parts of the country via the Grand Canal.
1. Which makes Imperial Bricks get the name of golden bricks？
A. Their color. B. Their value. C. Their shape. D. Their history
2. Where did the lines of Kunqu Opera come from？
A. Theater writers. B. Ancient stories.
C. Classic poems. D. Famous magazines.
3. What is a cultural heritage of the world's level according to the text？
A. Shadow Play. B. Peking Duck.
C. Kunqu Opera. D. Imperial Bricks.
B
In October，Jennifer Garner was recognized by Toun & Country magazine for her charity work.Since 2009，the award-winning actress has served as an artist ambassador（大使）for Save the Children，a global organization.
Garner was honored at a Philanthropy Meeting in New York City hosted by Town & Country.After the meeting，NBC News Reporter Cynthia McFadden interviewed Garner，who grew up in a countryside community in West Virginia，where she experienced the poor life first-hand.
"When I got older， "Garner said， "I saw famous organizations helping people all over the world. "This led her to wonder： "Why don't they support poor people here in our own country？"
The actress now spends countless hours on healthy food and early schooling programs in the countryside areas.She does what she can to support Save the Children's efforts to bring healthy meals to children，educate and provide resources（资源）to parents .
When asked what kids could do to follow her example，Garner said： "You could help raise money.You could do a book drive.You could wash cars.You could find a way to volunteer. " Shriver，who encouraged Garner to join Save the Children，agreed. "Don't let anyone tell you that you can't make a difference， "he said.
Last August，Garner visited Eastern Kentucky after flooding destroyed the area.She looked into the damage at a school in the town of Ary，where even the library was flooded.
"My little primary school library totally shaped my life， " Garner told Cynthia. "I wanted to be a school librarian.I wanted to work in a library space just like this. "The library was one of 16 that Save the Children had helped to build in Kentucky.
Now，Gamer is doing her best to make sure more books get into the hands of children. "We have a lot of work to do， "Gamer told Toun & Country. "But we will dig in. "
4. Which word best describes Garner's childhood？
A. Hard. B. Happy C. Lonely D. Interesting.
5. Why did Gamer once question those famous organizations？
A. They carried out unfair measures.
B. They spent too much money on unnecessary matters.
C. They should help their own people in need.
D. They paid little attention to education.
6. What does Garner focus on at present？
A. Teaching children to volunteer.
B. Making her hometown known to others.
C. Those suffering from natural disasters.
D. Kids' health and education in poor areas.
7. What was Garner's dream job as a child？
A. Serving others. B. Working at a library.
C. Being a movie actress. D. Selling books to children.
C
A controlled fishing system in Brazil's Amazon River area is helping to save an endangered fish.The fish is the pirarucú .It is also known in Brazil as arapaima.The pirarucú is believed to be the largest of 2，300 different kinds of fish known to live in the Amazon Basin.It can grow to be three meters long and weigh up to 200 kilograms.
The fish mostly live in lakes across large areas of the Brazilian Amazon.They are carnivores ，meaning they feed on other fish.
The pirarucú is considered endangered because of overfishing.illegal fishing activities left many communities struggling to find the fish，which traditionally is an important food.In recent years，however，illegal fishing of the pirarucú has been sharply reduced.And the fish has increasingly been recovering.The improvements came after efforts that included close cooperation between communities.
One of the unusual things about the pirarucú is that they need to breathe air to survive.The fish need to take at least one breath every 20 minutes.They rise to the surface to do so.This behavior by the fish makes it easier to tell how many pirarucús are active in an area.A count of the fish is now carried out once a year by fishermen trained to use the method.By law，only 30 percent of the pirarucú in a certain area can be fished the following year.
Pirarucú fishing is now done once a year，around September，the period when water levels are lowest.
Efforts have led to increases in the pirarucú population in some areas.In the Sao Raimundo area，there were 1，335 pirarucús in nearby lakes in 2011，when controlled fishing began.Last year，records showed there were 4，092.In the Carauari area，the number of the pirarucú rose from 4，916 to 46，839 between 2011 and 2021.
8. Which of the following makes the fish unusual？
A. Its large size. B. Its hunting way.
C. Its medical value. D. Its swimming speed.
9. What does the underlined word " carnivores" in paragraph 2 mean？
A. Governors. B. Meat-eaters.
C. Fresh water animals. D. Healthy creatures.
10. Why are the fish easy to count？
A. They always swim on top of water.
B. They are large enough to be discovered.
C. They live at the lowest water level.
D. They surface from time to time.
11. What are the numbers in the last paragraph about？
A. Kinds of fish. B. Catches of the fish.
C. Costs of fishing. D. Changes of the fish population.
D
Dogs are much smarter than people imagine.A new study has even shown that they will ignore （忽视）us when they know that we are lying to them.They can even tell when strangers are lying to them when it comes to food.
The study tested if dogs could use clues in order to tell whether people were being honest on not.The study found that in certain cases，dogs are able to understand when someone is lying
Of course，the main interest for dogs is food，which is how researchers tested this theory.They gathered 260 dogs of different kinds.The researchers found that dogs were able to follow their own sense when they were given wrong instructions about where the food actually was
The dogs were given two boxes and were taught to follow the advice of a human they did not know in order to find the treat.The human tapped the box with the treat while looking at the dogs and saying "look，this is good." By following this advice，they got the treat
Next，the dogs watched as a second human they did not know changed the box the treat was in，at times while the first human was still there，and sometimes while he was not.Half the dogs did not follow the human's advice if he was not present while the change happened，meaning the dogs knew the fact that he did not know where the treat was.Interestingly，two thirds of the dogs were able to refuse the advice from the humans pointing to the wrong box when they were there for the change，which shows that the dogs knew that they were being lied to，the opposite of what researchers were expecting.
The researchers said that in earlier studies，both young children and primates （灵长类） were more likely to follow the advice of the lying person，though they saw the truth，suggesting that dogs are less trusting humans' advice.
12. What do we know about the dogs in the first step of the test？
A. They were cheated by the owner.
B. They followed a stranger's instruction.
C. They found the food by its own sense.
D. They refused to follow humans' advice
13. Why did the dogs refuse to follow the person's advice in the second step？
A. He was not their owner. B. He had cheated them before.
C. He hid the treat away. D. He didn't see what had happened.
14. What did the researchers think of the experiment result？
A. It was beyond their expectations.
B. It agreed with earlier studies.
C. It proved dogs don't trust humans.
D. It showed dogs are cleverer than kids.
15. What can be the best title for the text？
A. Dogs Are Humans' Best Friends.
B. Dogs Are Smarter 'Than Primates.
C. Dogs Know When You're Lying to 'Them.
D. Dogs Have Better Ability to Judge Than Children.
Autumn is a good time to plan for new flowers and plants for next year's growing season. （1） As a result，it is necessary to improve soil（土壤）before plants are in place .
First，remove unwanted plants from the area.Next，test to see how pH the soil is. （2） Some universities have agricultural offices offering low-cost testing services to home gardeners.
Each kind of plant will do best in a specific PH levels.If the reading is outside the target levels for a plant，it will not be able to take in nutrients（养分）to its best abilities .So，learn their pH requirements，and prepare the soil if necessary for the plants.
（3） Keep some of them on garden beds.If possible，break them into small pieces.Then spread 7 to 10 centimeters of compost（堆肥），or food and vegetable waste，over the leaves or directly on the soil if there are no leaves.The compost will offer high-quality nutrients into the ground to feed the plants.
Place 5 to 8 centimeters of small pieces of wood，or coverings，over the compost to keep unwanted plants from growing and reasonable soil temperature and wetness over the winter. （4） The proper time is when air temperatures have reached below 2℃ for at least four hours.
By spring，the benefit of your effort will be available at root level，and the soil will have softened for easier planting. （5） The new garden will do well with the rich environment that has been created.And the garden will show this hard work with strong growth，beautiful flowers，and productive vegetables.And they will be healthier and better to bear unwanted diseases.
A.Autumn leaves are also good for gardens.
B.The path to success starts with a good base.
C.The richest soil is found on the forest ground.
D.Push the covering away and grow flowers and plants.
E.Doing so could bring unwanted plant seeds to the surface.
F.If plants are already growing in the bed，delay adding coverings.
G.In some countries，the tests are reasonably priced and easy to find.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
When our first grandchild，Noah，was born，we didn't know what to expect.We thought he would be （1） and develop like others.（2） ，that was not the case.
Noah had a lot of health （3） from the very beginning，one of which was failure to （4） naturally.
We take a lot for granted（想当然）when we have children，and one is their eating. （5） 一 Noah wasn't able to suck（吸）like most （6） .While in the hospital，a feeding （7） had to be put in.Though this was needed，it （8） our hearts to see what all Noah went through.
One day I was in the grocery store.A young mother was walking by with her （9） baby.The baby started to cry out loud.Then，in a bored voice，the mother looked at me and （10） that now she had to （11） the two-month-old baby again.I knew she was taking feeding her baby as an inconvenience but not something to be thankful for.
I understood the mother，but I （12） with her what Noah was going through.I said， "You have no idea how （13） my daughter would be to feed Noah like you're able to. "
Noah is unique and 13 years old now.He has come a long way.I'm thankful he can do things today that I didn't know he would ever be （14） enough to do.
Today，let's take some time to （15） things we often take for granted and be thankful.
21. A. clever B. healthy C. handsome D. honest
22. A. Surely B. Usually C. Strangely D. Unfortunately
23. A. tests B. records C. problems D. puzzles
24. A. walk B. grow C. think D. speak
25. A. ability B. need C. habit D. method
26. A. students B. parents C. babies D. pets
27. A. tool B. spoon C. bowl D. bottle
28. A. encouraged B. changed C. calmed D. broke
29. A. polite B. brave C. newborn D. patient
30. A. explained B. noticed C. warned D. promised
31. A. feed B. watch C. support D. remember
32. A. discussed B. imagined C. discovered D. shared
33. A. stressed B. satisfied C. shocked D. worried
34. A. strong B. quick C. active D. wise
35. A. set aside B. search for C. think about D. go through
36. China's largest nuclear（核能的） heating project started operations（1） Tuesday night to provide heat for households，as China has been increasing nuclear heating，（2） （ show） an intention to move away from coal.
The project will serve an area of 5 million square meters and provide clean heating for 200，000 residents in Haiyang，a county- level city of Yantai，Shandong province.As（3） largest nuclear heating project in the country，it accounts for 92.8 percent of the country's total nuclear heating ability.
Nuclear heating has been one of the major（4） （ method） around the world as nuclear power delivers nonstop heat.
China seeks to gradually reduce coal use in the heating，but natural gas as a replacement still produces carbon emission（排放）.This makes unclear power an effective choices for meeting（5） （ it） goal to give up coal in the country（6） （ final）.
The Haiyang project is the second unclear heating projects（7） started operations for winter heating in China this year.Hangyanhe Nuclear Power Plant in Liaoning province，the first commercial（商业的） nuclear heating project in Northeast China，（8） （ put） into operation earlier this month.
It covers a heating area of 242，400 square meters（9） replaces the 12 coal- fired small boilers in Hongyanhe town in Liaoning's Dalian.
The third stage of the Haiyang nuclear energy heating project in Shandong currently being built is expected（10） （ start） providing clear heating by 2023.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 你校组织高一学生去新农民社区参观住宅和蔬菜种植。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，介 绍这项活动，内容包括：
（1）时间和地点；
（2）参观过程；
（3）活动意义。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit to a New Farmer Community______
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sometime in 1957，Annie，my grandma，had both her kids.My mom was her firstborn followed by my uncle soon after.Grandma decided to look for a brave business journey in coffee industry where no women held any position.She didn't like the fact that Grandpa had to work for some other company to make a living.So she moved 100km away from where Grandpa used to live and bought a piece of land with 2 kids to support to start her own coffee farm.
As my mom and uncle grew and were school going in the nearby village，this brave woman，Annie，worked endlessly in the land planting one coffee plant after another.By the time my mom and uncle were in Grade 2，she had planted about 12 acres of coffee plants all alone.
This journey was not easy；Grandpa was home only on Saturdays and Sundays，when he had leave from work.Grandma barely slept through the nights from 1957 until 1963，guarding her land，her resources and children.At last，Grandpa gave up his job and came to support Grandma both emotionally and physically.
She realized she had created a large farm now and couldn't just use herself and her kids to work to maintain and grow the land.So，by the time my mom and uncle were in Grade 5，Grandma decided the education in village school wasn't good enough to her kids and sent them off to Mangalore to study and enjoy a town life with their cousins.
Sometime in 1965，Grandma decided to go shopping for labour.She picked up the workers' families to work for the farm，often driving the tractor on her own every morning to bring labour to her farm before 7：30 am.As age caught on，it was difficult to pick up and drop workers every morning and every evening.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My grandmother decided to let the workers' families live around the farm.__________________
Workers' children needed to be educated.__________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Imperial Bricks部分中的关键句They have a fine quality，and are strong and hard.They have a pure blue-green coulor like a mirror and produce a metal sound when knocked.Given their high cost，they are properly called the golden bricks.（它们的质地很好，结实而坚硬。它们像镜子一样呈纯蓝绿色，敲击时会发出金属声。考虑到它们的高成本，它们被恰当地称为"金砖"。）可知金砖名字的由来是因为它的价值和成本高。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。由本文Kunqu Opera部分中的关键句Using emotional lines from poetry classics and through sweet and beautiful singing，it made progress in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River，and naturally reached other parts of the country via the Grand Canal.（它用经典诗词中的抒情诗句，用甜美动听的歌声，在长江下游发展，并自然地通过大运河传播到全国各地。）可知昆曲的台词来自古诗词。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。由本文Shadow Play部分中的关键句In 2011，Chinese shadow play was listed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.（2011年，中国皮影戏被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。）可知皮影戏是世界水平的文化遗产。故选A。
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国的四项非物质文化遗产。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】A、C、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段After the meeting，NBC News Reporter Cynthia McFadden interviewed Garner，who grew up in a countryside community in West Virginia，where she experienced the poor life first-hand.（会议结束后，美国全国广播公司新闻记者Cynthia McFadden采访了在西弗吉尼亚州一个农村社区长大的Garner，她在那里亲身经历了贫困的生活。）可知，Garner幼时的生活很艰难。A.Hard.艰难的；B.Happy高兴的；C.Lonely孤独的；D.Interesting.有趣的。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段When I got older， "Garner said， "I saw famous organizations helping people all over the world. " This led her to wonder： "Why don't they support poor people here in our own country？"（"当我长大后，"Garner说，"我看到著名的组织在帮助世界各地的人们。"这让她想："为什么他们不支持我们国家的穷人呢？"）可知，她感到奇怪，为什么这些知名的组织不帮帮自己国家那些需要帮助的人。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段The actress now spends countless hours on healthy food and early schooling programs in the countryside areas.She does what she can to support Save the Children's efforts to bring healthy meals to children，educate and provide resources（资源）to parents . （这位女演员现在花了无数时间在农村地区的健康食品和早期教育项目上。她尽其所能支持救助儿童会的努力，为儿童提供健康膳食，教育和为父母提供资源。）可知，现阶段Garner工作的焦点是贫困地区孩子的健康和教育问题上。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段"My little primary school library totally shaped my life， " Garner told Cynthia. "I wanted to be a school librarian.I wanted to work in a library space just like this. "（Garner告诉Cynthia："我小学的小图书馆完全改变了我的生活。""我想成为一名学校图书管理员。我想在这样的图书馆空间里工作。"）可知，Garner小时候希望自己在图书馆工作。因此B.Working at a library.（在图书馆工作）符合题意。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了演员Jennifer Garner因其慈善工作而被《Toun & Country》杂志表彰。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】A、B、D、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第四句"The pirarucú is believed to be the largest of 2，300 different kinds of fish known to live in the Amazon Basin. （据信，pirarucú是已知生活在亚马逊盆地的2300种不同鱼类中最大的一种。）"可知，使这种鱼与众不同的是它的尺寸（在亚马逊盆地中最大）。故选A项。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线单词后"meaning they feed on other fish（这意味着它们以其他鱼类为食。）"可知，carnivores 是"食肉动物"的意思。A．Governors.州长；B．Meat-eaters.吃饭的动物；C．Fresh water animals.淡水动物；D．Healthy creatures.健康的生物。故选B项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段第One of the unusual things about the pirarucú is that they need to breathe air to survive.（关于pirarucú的一件不寻常的事情是他们需要呼吸空气才能生存。）和They rise to the surface to do so.This behavior by the fish makes it easier to tell how many pirarucús are active in an area. （它们浮到水面上这样做。鱼的这种行为使它更容易判断一个区域有多少pirarucús活跃。）可知，数这种鱼的数量很简单，是因为他们会出现在水面上呼吸。故选D项。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Efforts have led to increases in the pirarucú population in some areas.（在一些地区，这些努力已经导致pirarucú数量的增加。）可知，最后一段的这些具体数字是为了说明这种鱼的数量在改变。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文。在巴西亚马逊河地区，科学们经过努力，用一个受控捕鱼系统帮助拯救了一种濒危鱼类pirarucú。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第四段The dogs were given two boxes and were taught to follow the advice of a human they did not know in order to find the treat.（这些狗被给了两个盒子，并被教导按照一个他们不认识的人的建议去寻找食物。）可知在测试的第一步中，狗遵循一个陌生人的指示。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段Half the dogs did not follow the human's advice if he was not present while the change happened，meaning the dogs knew the fact that he did not know where the treat was.（如果改变发生时他不在场，一半的狗不会听从人类的建议，这意味着狗知道他不知道食物在哪里）可知，在实验第二步中，狗不听从指示，是因为改变发生时此人不在场，不知道发生了什么。故选D项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Interestingly，two thirds of the dogs were able to refuse the advice from the humans pointing to the wrong box when they were there for the change，which shows that the dogs knew that they were being lied to，the opposite of what researchers were expecting.（有趣的是，三分之二的狗狗能够拒绝指向错误盒子的人类的建议，因为改变发生时它们在场，这表明狗狗知道它们被骗了，这与研究人员的预期相反。）可知，研究结果是研究人员们意料之外的。故选A项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第A new study has even shown that they will ignore us when they know that we are lying to them.（一项新的研究甚至表明，当它们知道我们在对它们撒谎时，它们会忽略我们）可知，本文主要讲了狗能区分是否人们对他在说谎。C项"Dogs Know When You're Lying to 'Them（狗狗知道你在对它们撒谎）"作为标题可以概括全文。故选C项。
这是一篇说明文。研究表明，狗可以区分是否人们对它撒谎，尤其是涉及到食物的时候。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】B、G、A、F、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据前文Autumn is a good time to plan for new flowers and plants for next year's growing season.（秋天是为明年的生长季节计划新的花卉和植物的好时机。）可知，秋天适合种植；根据后文As a result，it is necessary to improve soil（土壤）before plants are in place .（因此，有必要在植物到位之前改善土壤。）可知，想要秋天的种植有好多结果，必须先把土壤准备好。B项"成功之路始于良好的基础。"强调基础的重要性，即要先准备好土壤，符合语境。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据前文Next，test to see how pH the soil is.（接下来，测试土壤的pH值。）可知，要测试土壤的pH值；后文Some universities have agricultural offices offering low-cost testing services to home gardeners.（一些大学设有农业办公室，为家庭园丁提供低成本的检测服务。）说明了在哪里可以进行测试。G项"在一些国家，这种检查价格合理，而且很容易找到。"承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
（3）段落主题题。根据后文Keep some of them on garden beds.（在花园上保留一些。）和Then spread 7 to 10 centimeters of compost，or food and vegetable waste，over the leaves or directly on the soil if there are no leaves.（然后将7到10厘米的堆肥或食物和蔬菜垃圾撒在叶子上，如果没有叶子，则直接撒在土壤上。）可以推测出，作者建议把叶子保留在花园里，当做肥料。A项"秋天的树叶对花园也有好处。"与后文意义一致，且后文"them"指代的就是A项中的"leaves"。故选A项。
（4）联系上文题。根据前文Place 5 to 8 centimeters of small pieces of wood，or coverings，over the compost to keep unwanted plants from growing and reasonable soil temperature and wetness over the winter.（在堆肥上放置5到8厘米的小木块或覆盖物，以防止不必要的植物生长，并在冬天保持合理的土壤温度和湿度。）可知，为了阻止一些指物的生长和保持土壤的温度和湿度，需要在花园铺上覆盖物；F项"如果植物已经在苗床上生长，则推迟添加覆盖物。"说明，如果植物生长出来了，则土壤的温度和湿度刚好，进一步说明了放遮盖物的一个明显标准，符合语境。故选F项。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文By spring，the benefit of your effort will be available at root level，and the soil will have softened for easier planting.（到了春天，你努力的成果就会在根部显现出来，土壤也会变软，更容易种植。）可知，在春天，土壤达到了种植的条件。"your effort"指代的就是上一段中的"Place 5 to 8 centimeters of small pieces of wood，or coverings"，即放覆盖物。既然土壤已经适合种植了，那么此时就可以去掉覆盖物了。D项"推开覆盖物，种植花草。"承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在秋天该对土壤做些什么，为花园的种植做好准备。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、D、C、B、A、C、A、D、C、A、A、D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.clever聪明的；B.healthy健康的；C.handsome英俊的；D.honest诚实的。句意：我们以为他会很健康，会像其他人一样成长。根据后文"and develop like others"可知，我们以为孙子会像别人一样健康的成长。故选B项。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.Surely肯定；B.Usually通常；C.Strangely奇怪的是，D.Unfortunately不幸的是。句意：不幸的是，事实并非如此。根据后文" that was not the case"可知，事实并不是我们以为的"像其他人一样健康成长"，这是不幸的事情。故选D项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.tests测试；B.records记录；C.problems问题；D.puzzles迷惑。句意：Noah从一开始就有很多健康问题，其中之一就是不能自然成长。根据前文"We take a lot for granted when we have children，and one is their eating.（ 当我们有孩子的时候，我们认为很多事情是理所当然的，其中之一就是他们的饮食能力）"后文"Noah wasn't able to suck（Noah不会吸吮）"可知，Noah从一开始有很多健康问题，其中之一就是不会吸吮。故选C项。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.walk行走；B.grow成长；C.think思考；D.speak讲话。句意：Noah从一开始就有很多健康问题，其中之一就是不能自然成长。根据后文"Noah wasn't able to suck（Noah不会吸吮）"可知，像吮吸这样自然的事情，他都不会，说明Noah没能自然地成长。故选B项。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.ability能力；B.need需求；C.habit习惯；D.method方法。句意：当我们有孩子的时候，我们认为很多事情是理所当然的，其中之一就是他们的饮食能力。根据前文"eating"及后文"Noah wasn't able to suck"和"feeding"可知，我们想当然的认为孩子有吃饭的能力。故选A项。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.students学生；B.parents父母；C.babies婴儿；D.pets宠物。句意：Noah不能像大多数婴儿一样吮吸。根据前文"Noah had a lot of health（3）______from the very beginning"及"Noah wasn't able to suck"可知，Noah刚开始就有发育问题，所以他不能像其他婴儿一样吮吸。故选C项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.tool工具；B.spoon勺子；C.bowl碗；D.bottle瓶子。句意：在医院里，他不得不插入一个喂食工具。根据后文"Though this was needed，it （8）______our hearts to see what all Noah went through"可知，目睹Noah所经历的这些让我们心碎，因此Noah在医院里是遭罪的，他需要一个特别的喂食工具，才能把饭吃下去。故选A项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.encouraged鼓励；B.changed改变；C.calmed使镇静；D.broke使破碎。句意：虽然这是必要的，但看到Noah经历的一切，我们的心都碎了。根据前文"While in the hospital，a feeding（7）______had to be put in."和后文"our hearts to see what all Noah went through."可知，Noah在医院吃饭时需要一个喂食工具，我们目睹着这一切，感到心碎。break one's heart意为"令某人心碎"。故选D项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.polite礼貌的；B.brave勇敢的；C.newborn新生的；D.patient耐心的。句意：一位年轻的母亲抱着刚出生的孩子走过。根据后文"the two-month-old baby again"可知，这个婴儿刚出生不久。故选C项。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.explained解释；B.noticed注意；C.warned警告；D.promised许诺。句意：然后，那位母亲看着我，用一种厌倦的声音解释说现在她又得喂两个月大的婴儿了。根据前文"One day I was in the grocery store."和后文" now she had to（11）______the two-month-old baby again."可知，我在商店遇到了陌生人，在婴儿哭的时候，她向我解释孩子又饿了，需要喂奶。故选A项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.feed喂养；B.watch观看；C.support支持；D.remember记住。句意：然后，那位母亲看着我，用一种厌倦的声音解释说现在她又得喂两个月大的婴儿了。根据后文"I knew she was taking feeding her baby as an inconvenience but not something to be thankful for.（我知道她把喂孩子当作一件不方便的事，而不是什么值得感激的事。）"可知，这个母亲向我解释她又得为孩子了。故选A项。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.discussed讨论；B.imagined想象；C.discovered发现；D.shared分享。句意：我理解那位母亲，但我跟她分享了Noah所经历的一切。根据后文"with her what Noah was going through"可知，我与她分享了Noah正在经历着什么。故选D项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.stressed有压力；B.satisfied满意的，知足的；C.shocked震惊的；D.worried担心的。句意：我说："你不知道我女儿能像你一样养活诺亚会有多满足。"根据前文提到的Noah有吸吮苦难，需要喂养工具，以及后文"to feed Noah like you're able to"可知，如果女儿能够像她一样正常的喂孩子，会很满足。故选B项。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.strong强壮的；B.quick全速的；C.active活跃的；D.wise明智的。句意：我很感激他今天能做一些事情，我以前不知道他会足够坚强的去做这些事。文章第二段提到Noah从一开始就有健康问题，结合前文"Noah is unique and 13 years old now.He has come a long way. （诺亚是独一无二的，现在已经13岁了。他已经走了很长一段路。）"可知，Noah这一路走来很不容易，所以他是很坚强的。故选A项。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.set aside留出；B.search for搜索；C.think about考虑；D.go through经历。句意：今天，让我们花点时间想想我们经常认为理所当然的事情，并心存感激。结合上文中作者遇到的年轻妈妈，没有珍惜自己能够正常喂养孩子的经历，呼吁读者花点时间，想想那些普通的、我们想当然的事情，并应该心存感激。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文。作者的孙子一出生就有很多健康问题。连吮吸这样自然的动作都不会，需要喂养工具来辅助。现在他已经13岁了，坚强的完成了别人眼中普通的事情。而生活中，我们并不感激健康、正常长大这样的普通事情，作者呼吁我们应该想想我们当做理所当然的事情，并心存感激。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】on
【小题2】showing
【小题3】the
【小题4】methods
【小题5】its
【小题6】finally
【小题7】that
【小题8】was put
【小题9】and
【小题10】to start
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：中国最大的核能供热项目于周二晚上正式启动，为千家万户居民送上温暖，随着中国一直在增加核能供热，由此显示出摆脱煤炭的意图。具体某一天的晚上前用介词on。故填on。
（2）考查现在分词。句意：中国最大的核能供热项目于周二晚上正式启动，为千家万户居民送上温暖，随着中国一直在增加核能供热，由此显示出摆脱煤炭的意图。此处为非谓语动词作状语，前面一件事与show之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填showing。
（3）考查冠词。句意：作为全国最大的核供热工程，它占全国核供热能力的92.8%。形容词最高级前用定冠词。故填the。
（4）考查可数名词的复数。句意：核加热一直是世界各地的主要方法之一，因为核能提供不间断的热量。one of后跟可数名词的复数，故填methods。
（5）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这使得核能成为实现中国最终脱碳目标的有效选择。此处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词goal。故填its。
（6）考查副词。句意：这使得核能成为实现中国最终脱碳目标的有效选择。此处用副词作状语修饰give up，故填finally。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：海阳市项目是中国今年第二个投入使用的冬季核能供热项目。此处引导定语从句，先行词为nuclear heating project，在定语从句中作主语。由于先行词前有序数词second修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
（8）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：辽宁省红沿河核电站是东北地区首个商业核供热项目，于本月初投入使用。时间状语为earlier this month，句子时态为一般过去时，主语为Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant，谓语动词用三单形式，且与动词短语put into operation之间存在被动关系，故填was put。
（9）考查连词。句意：它的供暖面积为224400平方米，并取代了辽宁省大连市红沿河镇的12台燃煤小锅炉。结合句意可知，此处前后为并列关系，故填and。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：目前正在建设的山东海阳核电供热三期工程预计将于2023年开始提供零碳供热。be expected to表示"预计，预期"。故填to start。
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的核能供热项目，目前投入使用的已经有了两个项目，在为千家万户供暖上发挥了极为重要的作用。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】A Visit to a New Farmer CommunityThis afternoon，our school arranged for Senior One students to visit a new farmer community.（时间和地点）
We were warmly welcomed by the villagers when we arrived.They showed us around their homes，which are newly-built modern buildings equipped with furniture and electrical equipment，and the living environment there is very comfortable.【高分句型一】Then we visited the vegetable farm，where the farmers were growing various green vegetables.【高分句型二】（参观过程）
The activity has left a deep impression on us and deepened our understanding of our country.（活动意义）
【解析】高分句型一：They showed us around their homes，which are newly-built modern buildings equipped with furniture and electrical equipment，and the living environment there is very comfortable.
翻译：他们带我们参观了他们的家，都是新建的现代化建筑，配备了家具和电器设备，生活环境非常舒适。
分析：本句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Then we visited the vegetable farm，where the farmers were growing various green vegetables.
翻译：然后我们参观了蔬菜农场，那里的农民正在种植各种绿色蔬菜。
分析：本句运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。
首先，谋篇布局要合理；其次，简要交代背景；第三，涵盖所有要点；最后，语言有亮点。要熟练掌握各写作类型，亮点句式，高级词汇和短语。同时，还要照顾到语篇的逻辑衔接。注意同一内容的不同表达，做到与众不同，提升自己的语言质量。
38.【答案】My grandmother decided to let the worhers' families live around the farm.She had dozens of houses built and then asked the workers and their family members to move into the new houses.The workers were so grateful that they worked hard on the farm in return for her kindness.【高分句型一】My grandmother was also very kind to the workers and cared about their lives.Grandma tried her best to provide them with good working and living conditions.As a result，my grandmother's coffee farm grew better and better.（描写祖母在农场附近建造住所给工人们居住，并且关心工人们的生活）
Workers' children needed to be educated.The number of workers was increasing，and so was that of their children.Grandma began to solve the problem of schooling for the workers' children.It was a big challenge because there were no schools around the farm.【高分句型二】Therefore，Grandma set up a primary school of her own and hired several teachers.Grandpa managed the school and taught classes，too.Gradually，as more and more workers were coming to work，my grandma's coffee farm grew into a small town.（描写祖母给工人们的孩子建造学校，并雇佣老师来教孩子。随着农场里工人和孩子变大，农场也逐渐变成一个小镇）
【解析】本文以人物为线索，讲述祖母生下妈妈和舅舅后，想要建立自己的咖啡产业，当时没有女性在这一产业中工作。祖母买下了一块地后，独自一人照顾孩子并料理农场里的事情。等到妈妈2年级的时候，祖母已经种植了12英亩的咖啡树。随着农场的变大，祖父辞去工作来陪祖母，给她最大的支持。祖母每天早上开着拖拉机去镇里雇佣工人，但是随着年龄的增长，祖母不能每天来回运送工人。
高分句型一：The workers were so grateful that they worked hard on the farm in return for her kindness.
翻译：工人们非常感激她，他们在农场辛勤工作以回报她的善良。
分析：本句运用了so…that…"如此……以致于"句型，that引导结果状语从句。
高分句型二：It was a big challenge because there were no schools around the farm.
翻译：这是一个很大的挑战，因为农场周围没有学校。
分析：本句运用了because引导的原因状语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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