Unit 4 Don't eat in class. Section A 2d-Grammar 课件（24张PPT）

(共24张PPT)
Section A (2d-grammar)
Unit 4 Don't eat in class
A:Can we __________________
Don’t _________________.
B:No, we can’t. We must _________.
arrive late for class
run in the hallways
listen to music in class
fight
eat in class
sleep in class
wear a hat at school
Role-play the conversation.
2d
Read the conversation and complete the sentences.
1.John’s new school has ____________ .
2.It’s important ______________ .
3.John can’t _________ music players to __________.
4.John________wears uniforms to school and ________
in the library.
a lot of rules
to be on time
bring
school
always
is quite
How many rules are there in the conversation？What are they
Answer questions
Four rules.
Wear the school uniform.
Be quiet in the library.
Don’t be late for school.
Don’t bring music players to school.
John: Hi, my name’s John. It’s my first day at school.
Alice: Hi, John. I’m Alice. This is a great school, but there
are a lot of rules.
John: Really What are some of the rules
Alice: Well, don’t be late for class. This is very important.
John: OK, so we must be on time. Can we bring music
players to school
Alice: No, we can't. And we always have to wear the school
uniform.
John: I see.
Alice: Oh, and we also have to be quiet in the library.
Let's talk about your school rules.
( ) wear hats (戴帽子) in class
( ) listen to music in the classroom
( ) eat in class
( ) fight
( ) eat in the dining hall
Can
Don’t
can’t
must
Grammar Focus
Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t fight.
What are the rules We must be on time for class.
Can we eat in the classroom No, we can’t, but we can eat in the dining hall.
Can we wear a hat in class Yes, we can. / No, we can’t.
Does he have to wear a uniform at school Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
What do you have to do We have to be quiet in the library.
祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略主语you，其肯定形式以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加don’t。祈使句句尾用句号或感叹号，读时用降调。为表示礼貌，可以在句首或句尾加上please。句末用please时，前面通常加逗号。
祈使句
肯定句：动词原形 (+宾语)+其他.
否定句：Don’t+动词原形 (+宾语) +其他.
Do 型祈使句的构成
肯定句：Be+表语+其他.
否定句：Don’t+be+表语 +其他.
Be 型祈使句的构成
肯定句：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他.
否定句：Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他.
或Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他.
Let 型祈使句的构成
二者均可表示“必须”，其后均接动词原形。
It’s too late. I have to take a taxi. 太晚了，我必须乘出租车。
I must go now. 我必须现在就走。
have to与must的共同点
have to与must的不同点
have to 强调因客观因素影响而不得不做某事，跟主观意愿无关，通常上下文中会有暗示客观因素的句子，多译为“不得不”。
must 表示因主观需要或责任感的驱使而有必要或义务去做某事，多译为“必须”。
have to 可用于不同的时态，有人称和数的变化，其一般现在时的第三人称单数形式为has to；过去式为had to。
must 一般只用来表示现在，没有人称和数的变化。
have to与must的不同点
have to have to的否定形式为don’t/doesn’t /didn’t have to，表示“不必”。
must must的否定形式为mustn’t，表示“禁止，不准”。
have to与must的不同点
Look at the pictures in 3a and answer the questions.
1
2
3
4
1. What do the pictures tell us
2. Can we talk loudly/eat/listen to
music/take photos in the library
3. Where can you see these signs
3a
Write the rules for the school library.
Library Rules
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
Don’t talk.
1
2
3
4
Don’t eat in the library.
Don’t listen to music in the library.
Don’t take photos in the library.
3b
Use the words to make questions about the rules. Then write answers according to your school.
Q:____________________________________(she/have to/in
the library)
A: ____________________________________.
Be quiet
Does she have to be quiet in the library
Yes, she does
Eat
Q:___________________________________ (he/have to/in
the dining hall)
A:___________________________________
Does he have to eat in the dinning hall
Yes, he does.
Q:___________________________________(we/can/in the
hallways)
A:___________________________________
Listen to music
Can we listen to music in the hallways
No, we can’t.
Wear a hat
Q:___________________________________(we/can/in the
classroom)
A:___________________________________
Can we wear a hat in the classroom
No, we can’t.
3c
Make up five cool rules for your dream school. Share your rules with the class. Your classmates vote for the Coolest School!
1. We can eat in class.
2. We don’t have to come to school every day.
3. …
At my dream school, we don’t have to come to school every day. We …
At my dream school, we don’t have to come to school every day.
We can eat in the classroom.
We can listen to music in class.
We don’t have to do homework.
We don’t have to wear school uniforms at school.
For example
祈使句(重点为否定结构)
情态动词can表“许可”的用法(肯定及否定陈述，一般疑问句结构及肯定和否定回答)
Grammar
情态动词must的句型结构(仅限肯定陈述)
情态动词have to的句型结构(肯定及否定陈述，一般疑问结构及肯定和否定回答)
summary
Thank you!