中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
读后续写：无灵主语改装法（解析版）
Part 1 无灵主语的概念
无灵主语的概念极为简单：用无生命的事物做主语来展开句子。无灵主语又叫做物称主语，指的是使用没有生命的事物充当句子的主语成分，例如情感、动作、时间、地点、物品等，这不同于中文用词中“以人为本”的习惯性特征，也就是经常用“人”做主语，反映出英语语言对“客体思维”的重视，从而使语言描述更为生动。简而言之，主语不是人(lifeless nouns)
但实际上，它只是传递给我们的一种思想模型，一种思想方法。在此，我就不多说了，在这一堂课的末尾，我会为大家揭开这个思考方式的秘密。
什么是无灵主语？
举个例子：I love everybody.译为：我爱大家。如果出现在口语中，这样的表达当然最为清晰，但如果出现在写作中，下面的表达可能更为生动一些：My love goes to everybody.从例子可以看出，用客观的事物love代替有生命的I，这就是无灵主语的实质。 我们用下面的公式来表达，就是：
无灵主语句=无灵主语+有灵动词
“无灵主语”简单理解就是“没有生命力”的东西做主语。比如时间，地点，自然现象等。“有灵动词”其实就是就是把没有生命力的东西，赋予有生命力的动作。比如上一句My love goes to everybody.中love就是没有生命力的名词，但是go就是有生命力的动词。
无灵主语的优点
我们为什么要使用无灵主语，它究竟有什么优点呢？
第1个优点：增加主语的多样性。
往往在写作时，我们会反复用同一有生命的词作主语，使语句显得单调，重复。这些总在不经意之间常常发生。
例如 ：We don’t think so.If we want light,we must conquer darkness. 我们并不这么认为。如果我们想要光明，我们就必须征服黑暗。
三个we的使用，使句子显得平淡，甚至别扭，但如果稍加变动，句子会显得协调的多。
We don’ think so.If we want light,darkness must be conquered. 我们并不这么认为。如果我们想要光明，黑暗就必须被征服。
第2个优点：增使语言更生动化。
将无生命的事物作主语而展开的句子，往往会用上比喻、拟人等修辞手法，语言随之提升一个档次。 这也就是无灵主语的难点所在，也是华丽之处。
需要注意的是，并不是简单的主动语态变为被动语态，而是用主动语态去表达被动意义。 比如：I forgot his name.我们忘了他的名字了。并不是简单地变为His name was forgotten by me.而应当更为形象的用主动语态表示。
比如我们可以说：
“他的名字溜出了我的大脑。”His name slipped my mind.
“他的名字没有在我头脑中扎根。”His name didn't take root in my mind.
其实要写这样的句子并不难，只要掌握这种思想，加上一段时间的练习，肯定会下笔如有神。
再比如：
He was so nervous.他很紧张。我们可以改成：A wave of nervousness washed over him.一阵紧张的情绪席卷了他。
He was excited.他很兴奋。我们可以改成：Excitement seized him.兴奋（这种情绪）抓住了他。
第3个优点：增使表达更为客观。
当主语是一个有生命的物体时，它所展开的语句通常会带有这个有生命的物体的主观情感色彩，而如果是无灵主语，则表达很客观。 无灵主语并不是英语的专利，在汉语中其实我们也常常用到。 比如：“我们从生活中学到...... ”可以表述为“生活告诉我们......” 也就是： Life has told us that-... 这就是一个漂亮的无灵主语的应用 。
再比如: “海外华人时刻关注祖国。 ” 可以表述为“祖国时刻牵动着海外华人的心” Motherland,always,is drawing the heart of overseas Chinese.
无灵主语的分类
我们把这种无灵主语的应用大致分为五大类：
第一类：主语是表示情感状态的抽象名词
这类名词有fear恐惧，excitement兴奋等。与之对应的动词有：seize(侵袭，突然控制）, choke(使哽咽)，flood(使大受感动，充满），creep（不知不觉地产生）, grip(紧抓），give way to(被…代替）, 等词。
请看下面的例句：
1. Anger choked her words.她气得话也说不出来。
2. A dreary depression seized me those days.那些天我感到非常沮丧。
3. Both anger and bitterness preyed upon her continually for days几天来，她又气又恨， 感 到非常苦恼。
4. Astonishment deprived me of my power of speech.我惊讶地说不出话来。
5. Despair seized him at the thought of her setting out to renew the weary quest for work.想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛路途，他觉得万念 俱灰。
6. Having seen the man, a chill of horror suddenly swept over her.看到那个人，她突然有种不寒而栗的感觉。
7. Neither regret nor sorrow followed his passionate outburst.他这样发作一通之后，既不后悔， 也不难过。
8. When she had to speak, her confidence suddenly deserted her.当不得不说话时，她突然失去 了信心。
9. Panic seized her. 她突然惊慌失措。
10. Despair choked her words. 她绝望得说不出话来。
11. A great sense of relief flooded over him. 他深感宽慰。
第二类： 主语是表示时间和地点的名词
这类名词有：the town（镇），the following year（第二年）等。
与之对应的动词有：witness(见证）, find, see, boast（有引以为荣的事物）等。
请看下面的例句：
The city boasts a beautiful lake.这个城市有个美丽的湖，人人 以此为豪。
Shanghai witnessed the birth of the Chinese Communist Party.中国共产党成立于上海。
Distance makes the overseas Chinese heart increasingly fond of the country.
华侨背井离乡，远居他国，因此他们在感情上越来越向往祖国。
Dusk found the little girl crying in the street because she was hungry and thirsty.
黄昏时刻，那个小女孩又饥又渴， 在街 上哭泣。
September finds agreeable weather in Beijing.九月的北京天气宜人。
Recent years have seen more and more foreign students come to study in China. 近年来，越来越多 的外国学生来中国留学。
The world history has seen more tears than laughter. 在世界历史上，泪水比欢笑多。
Beijing saw many historic events. 在北京发生过许多历史事件。
The country has witnessed different ways to reforms. 这个国家已经进行了多种改革。
The world has witnessed different roads to modernization. 世界上已经有了不同的现代化道路。
Beijing has witnessed great changes in recent years. 北京见证了最近几年的的巨大变化。
The following year saw the death of his mother. 第二年他的妈妈去世了。
The town boasts a beautiful lake. 这个镇引以为荣的是有个美丽的湖。
第三类：主语是表示自然现象等名词
这类名词有：fog雾、earthquake地震等。与之对应的动词有：blanket（覆盖）, come, bring, prevent, strike, hit, threaten 等词。
请看下面的例句：
The thick fog blanketed the field. 浓雾笼罩着整个大地。
An earthquake came like a thief in the night，without warning.地震到来，犹如夜贼，不作预告。
The rain prevented tourists from enjoying the full moon.雨使得游客无法欣赏到满月。
A heavy rain visited the city.这个城市刚下过-一场大雨。
The night breeze brought him the perfume of the general's cigarette.夜晚微风徐徐，他闻到 了将军烟卷的香味。
An earthquake comes like a thief in the night, without warning.地震到来，犹如夜贼， 不作 预告。
When I woke up, the shadows told me that the sun had done much travel since I had fallen asleep.我醒来时，目睹太阳投下的阴影，便知道太阳在我入睡后已走过了很远的路程了。
A hush fell upon the assembly.会场一片寂静
The softness of the earth gave him an idea.他踏着松软的泥土，--个主意油然而生。
The beautiful scenery gained the place quite a reputation.美景使这个地方颇有名气。
The gleaming sands and backdrop of pine woods and distant hills give it a pleasant and restful atmosphere.这儿沙滩闪烁，松 林掩映，远山连绵， 自有一 -种令人心旷神怡的气氛。
第四类：主语是表示身体部位和音容等名词
这类名词有：face脸，laughter笑声/face/eye/heart/fingers/tears/smile/voice等，与之对应的动词有：light up（照亮）, brighten（照亮）, linger（继续存留）, well up(涌出）, flash等词。
请看下面的例句：
Her face lit up/brightened when I gave her the present.我给她礼物时，她的脸上焕发出了光彩。
Laughter lingered around the room. 笑声在房间里萦绕。
When he saw the familiar handwriting, tears welled up in his eyes.他一看到熟悉的字迹，便热泪盈眶。
My heart failed me at the sight.一见那情景我就失去了勇气。
Her heart did whisper that he had done it for her.她心里的确在嘀咕:为了她，他才这 么做的。
His accent suggests Shanghai.听他的口音像是上海人。
第五类：主语是表示行为和动作的名词
常见的表示行为或动作的名词有如sight, thought, glance, look, idea, feeling等。
与之对应的动词有：strike（打）, arouse(唤起），remind, delight, frighten，overwhelm(压倒）等词。
请看下面的例句：
A terrible thought suddenly struck me. 我突然想到一个可怕的想法。
The sight of the scene filled me with horror.想到这个情景我心中充满了恐惧。
Many years of hard work changed mother greatly.多年的辛劳使他母亲大大变样了。
A fifteen minutes' walk brought me to the school.我步行15分钟，就到了 学校。.
The long walk took our strength out of us.我们长途步行后全身无力。
A glance through the window offers a whole view of the town.从这个窗口可以一-眼看到城镇的全景。
The sight of the girl always reminds me of her parents.我一看到这个女孩，就 想起她的父母。
The thought of seeing her son very soon filled her heart with great happiness.想到不久就要见到儿子，她心中感到十 分快乐。
Rest brought him new confidence and almost a feeling of security.休息之后，他又充满了 自信，几乎有 了一种相当安全的感觉。
最后我来揭晓在本节课开头提到的这种思维模式是什么。在讲解这种思维模式之前，我们一起复习无灵主语句的公式：无灵主语句=无灵主语+有灵动词。
有灵动词有：one’s face brighten/light up(露出喜色), tears well up(涌出), spread across(浮现)
英语常用无生命的名词作主语, 这是英语和汉语在句子构成方面的一个重要差别。 引起这种差别的原因很多，最主要的恐怕是由于不同民族的不同思维习惯所致。
在中国人的思维中，往往以“人”为中心，认为只有“人”才会发出“具有生命力的动作”。比如只有“人”才能产生这些动作：看、哭、送、说、写、讲、拿等；相反，无生命的动词，对应的是，没有生命力的动词：如：相吸引、相排斥、变等。
而在英美人的思维中，往往更注意客观事物和现象对人的作用和影响，反映在语言表达上就是多用无生命名词作主语。
Part 2 其他句子素材
Their drive moved us deeply.他们的干劲使我们深受感动。
Fear and worry cost him a night's sleep.恐惧和担忧使他睡不着觉。
Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance.兴奋使我什么话都说不出来。
Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. 黑暗使人更加珍惜光明:寂静教人体 会到声音的欢乐。
The sun rose red.太阳升起红艳艳。
His wife sat there silent.他妻子坐在那里沉默不语。
The old fisherman came bome dog-tired yesterday evening.老渔夫昨晚回到家后非常疲惫。
The soldiers stood motionless.士兵们站着时- -动不动。
Mary came back cheerful.玛丽回来时兴高采烈。
They parted the best of friends. (They were the best friends when they parted.)他们分手时是最好的朋友。
John left London a skilled worker.约翰离开伦敦时是---个熟练的工人。
Tom returned quite a different man. 汤姆回来时完全是另外一个人了。
Before he sailed single-handed, he didn't tell anybody.他独自驾船航行之前，没有 告诉任何人。
Shocked, she sat still.她吓呆了，坐着一 -动不动。
Smith died young.史密斯死时很年轻。
The early morning broke cold. 破晓时分天气寒冷。
I always go out scared after dark.天黑之后，我出去 总是很害怕。
One evening she was lying awake in bed when she heard some footsteps.一天晚上，她正醒着躺在床 上，这时她听到 了脚步声。
His mother has been lying ill in bed for several days.他母亲病了，躺在床 上已经几天了。
She'll come back a beautiful girl.她回来时将是一个漂亮的大姑娘了。
The suitcase was worn white.手提箱已磨得发白了。
The umbrella was returned to me riddled some holes.雨伞还给我时，，上面有许多 窟窿。
Jack left arrogant and came back modest.杰克离开时很傲慢，回来时却很谦虚。
We set out cold, and we arrived at the top of the hill colder.我们出发时感到冷，到达山顶时就更冷 了。.
Tom sat there surprised, looking at the oak tree.汤姆坐在那里吃惊地望着橡树。
Nancy left a little girl and came back a mother of two children.南希走时还是个小女孩，回来时 已经是两个孩子的妈妈了。
He went to bed a beggar and the next morning he woke up a millionaire.他睡觉时是个叫花子，第二天早晨醒来却成了百万富翁。.
Here huge trunks of fallen timber lie rotting on the ground.这儿倒下的巨大树干横卧在地上腐烂着。
The old man sat smoking when I went into the room.我进屋时，老人正坐着抽烟。
He was lying in bed watching TV. 他躺在床上看电视。
I reached the top of the hill quite out of breath. 我爬到山顶时已完全是上气不接下气了。
She came into the room in tears. 她进屋时眼泪汪汪。
I came at first hopeful and then in despair. 我初来时满怀希望，后来却大失所望。
My sister came here tearful. 我妹妹来到这儿时眼泪汪汪。
Linda married young. 琳达结婚时还很年轻。=Linda was young when she was married.
Linda dressed young .琳达打扮得很年轻。=Linda dressed youthfully.
Part 3 素材积累1
关于情感句子的积累：(表达情感的形容词+动作具体描写），用so..that...
1、兴奋：I was so excited/thrilled that I gave a jump in the air.我激动得跳了起来
2、开心：I was so happy/cheerful that I jumped up and down.我高兴得上蹿下跳。
3、感动：I was so moved that I failed to say a word.我感动得一句话也说不出来。
4、悲伤：I was so sad that I hid my face in my hands.我难过得用手捂住了脸。
5、生气：I was so angry that I failed to say a word. 我气得一句话也说不出来。
6、害怕：I was so scared/frightened that my palms sweated and my heart pounded.我害怕得手心冒汗，心怦怦直跳。
7、羞愧：I was so ashamed that I could feel my face burning.我羞愧得感觉自己的脸在燃烧。
Part 4 素材积累2：翻译练习
第一组
1.他惊恐地瞪大了眼睛。
2.她笑了，眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
3.她的眼里充满泪水。
4.那条狗饥饿的目光落在我的三明治。fall on/land on...(目光) 落在……
5.她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。
6.他似乎不愿意与我的目光接触。
7.她试图坐起来，目光紧盯着琼的脸。
8.他一刻不停地盯着我。
9.他进屋时眼睛扫视了整个房间。
10.他回答时垂下眼睛看着膝盖。
第二组
1. 巴黎的服装广告使他大开眼界。
2. 这真使我开眼界。
3. 电视真使人大开眼界。
4. 旅游使他大开眼界。
5. 这让我大开眼界。
6. 听到这个消息，他绝望地把悲伤淹没在酒里。
7. 别让小狗离开你的视线。
8. 女孩目不转睛地看着她美丽的新娃娃。
9. 他凝视这窗外的雪。
10. 那男人粗暴地冲她大声喊叫，她也怒目而视。
11. 闭上眼睛，不许偷看！
12. 观众们张大了嘴巴呆呆地看着魔术师的表演。
13. 她在考场上偷看教科书。
14. 亨利从窗户向厨房里窥视。
15. 我瞥见窗前有个身影。
16. 埃米莉回头看了一眼。
17. 他凶巴巴地环视房间，像是等待有人来挑战他。
18. 塔玛拉摇着头不相信地盯着他看。
19. 帕特里克坐着，茫然地看着前方。
20. 他羞涩地瞥了她一眼。
第三组
练习一：请把下列表示情感的形容词改成名词，做作主语
anxious 焦虑的 n. guilty内疚的 n.
panic 惊慌的 n. worried担忧的 n.
despaired 绝望的 n. angry生气的 n.
hopeless绝望的 n. depressed 沮丧的 n.
horrible恐惧的 n. stressful 有压力的 n.
happy 高兴的 n. sad 伤心的 n.
练习二：请把下面的句子和相应的有灵动词（谓语）匹配。
( )1、一阵恐慌向她袭来。 A wave of panic______ her. A.choked
( )2、我抱着礼物，兴奋得什么话也说不出来。 I held the present, and excitement________ my words. B.seized
( )3、她的焦虑把她撕成了碎片。（她焦虑不安） Anxiety_________her into pieces. C.swept over
( )4、那些日子里，一种沮丧攫住了我。 A depression_______ me those days. D.tore
第四组
练习：根据汉语和提示用无灵主语或有灵动词填空，并背诵。
1、他一看到熟悉的字迹，便热泪盈眶。
The moment he saw the familiar handwriting, _________ (主语) ______ _______(有灵动词） in his eyes.
2、当老人多年后回到家乡时，激动得热泪盈眶。(激动的泪水)
When the old man returned to his hometown after so many years, tears of _________ (主语)_________ _______(有灵动词） in his eyes.
3、他注视着那个不寻常地沉默的男孩，一脸惊讶。
He stared at the unusually silent boy and a look of surprise______ ______ his face.
4、我给她礼物时，她的脸上露出了喜色。
________ _______ (主语)______ _______(有灵主语) when I gave her the present.
句式7：表时间和地点的名词+（有灵动词)witness/ fill/ spread through 等等
例句1：上海发生了许多重大的历史事件。 Shanghai witnessed many great historical events.
仿写： 下一刻见证了他们做早餐的努力，最终他们做到了。
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例句2：(2021年全国I卷)早餐的香味弥漫在厨房的空气中。The smell of breakfast filled the air in the kitchen.
仿写： 每个人都欣喜若狂，院子里洋溢着喜悦。
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翻译巩固（每日三题）
1.突然之间，双胞胎的脸亮了起来，他们的头坚定地点着。
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2.他站在门边，脸上露出喜色。
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3.一见到他的老朋友，一种幸福的感觉席卷了他。(sweep over)
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4.(2022年苏州八校联考)当她看到草莓的时候，她的眼睛闪烁着喜悦和甜蜜。(twinkle)
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5.(2022年苏州八校联考)当她看到草莓的时候,幸福的泪水从她脸颊留下。
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6.(2022年苏州八校联考)当她看到草莓的时候，一种幸福和快乐的感觉席卷了她。
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7.当她打开盒子时，她的手激动得发抖。
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8.(2021年全国I卷）妈妈试图掩饰自己的情绪，但是那闪闪发光的眼泪却出卖了她。（sth fail sb)
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9.比赛前，她突然失去了信心。（sth fail sb)
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10.她想坚持，但是鼓不起勇气。（sth fail sb)
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11.我一打开盒子，就惊讶地睁大了眼睛。
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12.简脸色苍白，一阵恐惧袭上心头。(seize/take hold of/ sweep over)
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13.她绝望得心都要被撕碎了。
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参考答案：
（第一组）
1. His eyes were wide with horror.
2. She laughed, her eyes shining with excitement.
3. Her eyes filled with tears.
4. The dog’s hungry eyes fell on my sandwich.
5. She looked at her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully.
6. He seemed unwilling to meet my eyes.
7. She tried to sit up, her eyes fixed on Jean’s face.
8. His eyes never left mine.
9. His eyes scanned the room as he entered.
10. His eyes dropped to her lap as she answered.
（第二组）
1. The advertisements of costume in Paris
2. What an eye-opener it’s been for me!
3. Television is a real eye-opener.
4. Travel has greatly broadened his horizons.
5. This has really opened my eyes.
6. Hearing the news, so desperate was he that he drowned sadness in wine.
7. Don’t let the puppy run out of your sight.
8. The girl gazed at her beautiful new doll.
9. He gazed out the window at the snow.
10. The woman glared at the man after he yelled at her.
11. Close your eyes, and no peeking!
12. The audiences gaped at the Magician’s performance.
13. She peeped at her textbook during the examination.
14. Henry peeped through the window into the kitchen.
15. I glimpsed a figure at the window.
16. Emily glanced over her shoulder.
17. He glared round the room as if expecting a challenge.
18. Tamara stared at him in disbelief, shaking her head.
19. Patrick sat gazing into space.
20. He glanced shyly at her.
第三组
参考答案：
练习一：请把下列表示情感的形容词改成名词，做作主语
anxious 焦虑的 n.anxiety guilty内疚的 n.guilt
panic 惊慌的 n.panic worried担忧的 n.worry
despair 绝望的 n.despair angry生气的 n.anger
hopeless绝望的 n.hopelessness depress 沮丧的 n.depression
horrible恐惧的 n.horror stressful 有压力的 n.stress
happy 高兴的 n.happiness sad 伤心的 n.sadness
练习二：请把下面的句子和相应的有灵动词（谓语）匹配。
CADB
参考答案：
练习：根据汉语和提示用无灵主语或有灵动词天空，并背诵。
1、他一看到熟悉的字迹，便热泪盈眶。
The moment he saw the familiar handwriting, ___tears______ (主语) _welled _____ ___up____(有灵动词） in his eyes.
2、当老人多年后回到家乡时，激动得热泪盈眶。(激动的泪水)
When the old man returned to his hometown after so many years, tears of _excitement________ (主语) _welled _____ ___up____(有灵动词） in his eyes.
3、He stared at the unusually silent boy and a look of surprise_swept_____ _over_____ his face.
4、我给她礼物时，她的脸上露出了喜色。
Her_______ __face_____ (主语)__lit____ ___up___(有灵主语) when I gave her the present.
句式7：表时间和地点的名词+（有灵动词)witness/ fill/ spread through 等等
仿写1：The next moment witnessed their efforts to make the breakfast and they eventually made it.
仿写2：Everyone were overjoyed, delight filled the yard.
仿写1：The next moment witnessed their efforts to make the breakfast and they eventually made it.
仿写2：Everyone were overjoyed, delight filled the yard.
翻译巩固（每日三题）
参考答案：
1.(2021年全国I卷)All of a sudden, the twin’s face lit up with their head nodding firmly.
2.He stood by the door and his face brightened/ lit up with delight/joy.
3.At the sight of his old friend, a wave of happiness swept over him.
4.(2022年苏州八校联考)When she saw the strawberries, her eyes twinkled /sparkled with joy and sweetness.
5.(2022年苏州八校联考)When she saw the strawberries, tears of happiness rolled down/ slid down/ screamed down her cheeks.
6.(2022年苏州八校联考)When she saw the strawberries, a wave of happiness and joy swept over her.
7.Her hands were trembling with excitement as she opened the box.
8.Mom tried to conceal her emotion, but the glittering tears failed her.
9.Before the contest, her confidence suddenly failed her.
10.She wanted to hold out, but her courage failed her.
11.The moment I opened the box, my eyes widened in great surprise.
12.Jane turned pale and a wave of horror seized /took hold of/ swept over her.
13.Her heart was torn into pieces with despair.
Part 5 综合演练【模拟题 新高考专用】
（2022·山东潍坊·一模）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully.
Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!”
Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently.
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs...How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom!
But now Grandpa couldn't get up. This made them worried. “We’d think out a way to cheer him up.” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover, and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head.
Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.
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参考答案：
Berlin thought it was a good idea. When the two brothers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house, got the tools they needed to make the cane, and ran back to the woods. Jack said, “What kind of tree should we pick for the walking stick ” Berlin thought for a moment and said, “I think we should choose a straight tree, so no knots will scratch grandpa’s hands.” Jack nodded his head in agreement. They found a straight tree and set to work. They cut the tree down, and with a knife they took the bark off. It was a wonderful tree, which was smooth and was just of the right size. They thought grandpa would love it.
Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. When grandpa took the cane, his hands shook with joy, thinking, “This is made by my grandsons themselves. How precious it is!” Jack said, “Grandpa, we hope this cane will help you stand up and come with us to explore the woods.” Grandpa smiled and decided to give it a try so as not to make his grandchildren disappointed. He held the cane in his right hand and the arm of his chair in his left hand. He stood up with strength on his legs. Everyone was surprised and excited to see grandpa stand up. At that moment, Jack noticed a tear coming from the corner of his grandfather’s eye.
【解析】
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了暑假即将来临，杰克和他的弟弟柏林去看望祖父母，他们却发现爷爷站不起来了，兄弟俩走进了森林，杰克突然想到了一个好主意，就是给爷爷做一根手杖。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“柏林认为这是个好主意。”可知，第一段可描写兄弟俩怎么做手杖。
②由第二段首句内容“杰克和伯林把手杖递给爷爷。”可知，第二段可描写爷爷拿到手杖后的反应。
2.续写线索：拿工具——做手杖——爷爷尝试站起来——众人反应
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拿：get/fetch
②砍下：cut down/chop down
③站起来：stand up/rise to one’s feet
情绪类
①高兴：joy/delight
②兴奋的：excited/thrilled
【点睛】
[高分句型1]When the two brothers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house, got the tools they needed to make the cane, and ran back to the woods.(由when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]It was a wonderful tree, which was smooth and was just of the right size.(由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)
（2022·福建龙岩·一模）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It’s a beautiful sunny day. The Bonds boarded their boat for a carefree day trip to Dove Island for some fishing as a family custom. Thomas Bond, a 30-year-old construction worker, loved the sport, especially catching bass (鲈鱼) and had impressed on his oldest daughter, Lizzy, a love of the outdoors, teaching her how to bait (下诱饵) a hook and cast a line and brave the waves.
The family spent the day fishing in the vast ocean, and then left the island in the early evening. Upon setting off from the shore, they found thick fog rolling in. Lizzy fell into a light sleep beside her five-year-old sister, Molly, at a table on the boat’s lower deck (甲板). Their father’s sharp orders woke her up: “Get out of the boat. The boat’s sinking!” Lizzy pushed her sister into the cold, dark water. Both girls wore life jackets. The adults did not. The girls were followed by their mother, Petra Bond, who was expecting a baby at that time. Within seconds, the boat was damaged and was left just the tip of its bow in the air.
Looking into the faces of her father, mother, and sister, Lizzy wasn’t frightened. After some time, her father told them he would swim for help. “I’ll be back,” he said before disappearing into the darkness.
“Dad is like the superhero to me. I believe he will get help to rescue us,” Lizzy said to herself. After some time, her mother became quiet and stopped swimming. Lizzy wrapped a rope around her mother’s chest and tied her to the boat so she wouldn’t float away. Then her sister fell quiet too and she stayed beside her.
To keep herself awake, Lizzy daydreamed about what they would do after they were rescued. They would stay in a hotel, order room service, and lie comfortably under the blankets in bed, cozy and warm.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After several hours, Lizzy heard her name called in the distance.
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On the coast, an ambulance was waiting for them.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案：
After several hours, Lizzy heard her name called in the distance. “It’s dad.” Lizzy called out and began to shake her sleepy mother and sister. Mother opened her eyes and squeezed out a faint smile and fell asleep again. Through the thick fog, a white small boat sliding close. Lizzy cried out, “Dad, here”, with tears rolling down her face. Finally, Dad got three of them into the boat where Lizzy finally closed her eyes, exhausted and relieved. She knew they were rescued.
On the coast, an ambulance was waiting for them. With the help of the nurses, they all got in. Wrapped in a warm blanket, Lizzy sit beside her family, looking at her mom on the bed. Suddenly, Lizzy turned to her father and said, “I knew you would be back, Dad.” “I knew you would keep mother and sister safe”, her father hugged her. Tears rolled down their faces.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lizzy和妹妹跟随爸爸妈妈出海钓鱼，遭遇沉船落水，爸爸留下Lizzy照顾妈妈和妹妹，自己游去寻求救援，妈妈的妹妹体力不支快失去意识，只有Lizzy坚持着保护着她们，等待爸爸归来。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几个小时后，利奇听到远处有人叫她的名字。”可知，第一段可描写爸爸归来，三人获救。
②由第二段首句内容“在海岸上，一辆救护车正等着他们”可知，第二段可描写获救后利齐与爸爸的对话。
2.续写线索：爸爸归来——三人获救——得到救助——父女对话
3.词汇激活
行为类
①大喊：cry out/yell/scream
②营救：rescue/save
③在……的帮助下：with the help of/with the aid of
情绪类
①疲倦的：exhausted/tired
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Finally, Dad got three of them into the boat where Lizzy finally closed her eyes, exhausted and relieved.(运用了where引导定语从句和形容词作状语)
[高分句型2] She knew they were rescued.(运用了省略连词的宾语从句)
[高分句型3] Wrapped in a warm blanket, Lizzy sit beside her family, looking at her mom on the bed.(运用了过去分词和现在分词作状语)
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
读后续写：无灵主语改装法（解析版）
Part 1 无灵主语的概念
无灵主语的概念极为简单：用无生命的事物做主语来展开句子。无灵主语又叫做物称主语，指的是使用没有生命的事物充当句子的主语成分，例如情感、动作、时间、地点、物品等，这不同于中文用词中“以人为本”的习惯性特征，也就是经常用“人”做主语，反映出英语语言对“客体思维”的重视，从而使语言描述更为生动。简而言之，主语不是人(lifeless nouns)
但实际上，它只是传递给我们的一种思想模型，一种思想方法。在此，我就不多说了，在这一堂课的末尾，我会为大家揭开这个思考方式的秘密。
什么是无灵主语？
举个例子：I love everybody.译为：我爱大家。如果出现在口语中，这样的表达当然最为清晰，但如果出现在写作中，下面的表达可能更为生动一些：My love goes to everybody.从例子可以看出，用客观的事物love代替有生命的I，这就是无灵主语的实质。 我们用下面的公式来表达，就是：
无灵主语句=无灵主语+有灵动词
“无灵主语”简单理解就是“没有生命力”的东西做主语。比如时间，地点，自然现象等。“有灵动词”其实就是就是把没有生命力的东西，赋予有生命力的动作。比如上一句My love goes to everybody.中love就是没有生命力的名词，但是go就是有生命力的动词。
无灵主语的优点
我们为什么要使用无灵主语，它究竟有什么优点呢？
第1个优点：增加主语的多样性。
往往在写作时，我们会反复用同一有生命的词作主语，使语句显得单调，重复。这些总在不经意之间常常发生。
例如 ：We don’t think so.If we want light,we must conquer darkness. 我们并不这么认为。如果我们想要光明，我们就必须征服黑暗。
三个we的使用，使句子显得平淡，甚至别扭，但如果稍加变动，句子会显得协调的多。
We don’ think so.If we want light,darkness must be conquered. 我们并不这么认为。如果我们想要光明，黑暗就必须被征服。
第2个优点：增使语言更生动化。
将无生命的事物作主语而展开的句子，往往会用上比喻、拟人等修辞手法，语言随之提升一个档次。 这也就是无灵主语的难点所在，也是华丽之处。
需要注意的是，并不是简单的主动语态变为被动语态，而是用主动语态去表达被动意义。 比如：I forgot his name.我们忘了他的名字了。并不是简单地变为His name was forgotten by me.而应当更为形象的用主动语态表示。
比如我们可以说：
“他的名字溜出了我的大脑。”His name slipped my mind.
“他的名字没有在我头脑中扎根。”His name didn't take root in my mind.
其实要写这样的句子并不难，只要掌握这种思想，加上一段时间的练习，肯定会下笔如有神。
再比如：
He was so nervous.他很紧张。我们可以改成：A wave of nervousness washed over him.一阵紧张的情绪席卷了他。
He was excited.他很兴奋。我们可以改成：Excitement seized him.兴奋（这种情绪）抓住了他。
第3个优点：增使表达更为客观。
当主语是一个有生命的物体时，它所展开的语句通常会带有这个有生命的物体的主观情感色彩，而如果是无灵主语，则表达很客观。 无灵主语并不是英语的专利，在汉语中其实我们也常常用到。 比如：“我们从生活中学到...... ”可以表述为“生活告诉我们......” 也就是： Life has told us that-... 这就是一个漂亮的无灵主语的应用 。
再比如: “海外华人时刻关注祖国。 ” 可以表述为“祖国时刻牵动着海外华人的心” Motherland,always,is drawing the heart of overseas Chinese.
无灵主语的分类
我们把这种无灵主语的应用大致分为五大类：
第一类：主语是表示情感状态的抽象名词
这类名词有fear恐惧，excitement兴奋等。与之对应的动词有：seize(侵袭，突然控制）, choke(使哽咽)，flood(使大受感动，充满），creep（不知不觉地产生）, grip(紧抓），give way to(被…代替）, 等词。
请看下面的例句：
1. Anger choked her words.她气得话也说不出来。
2. A dreary depression seized me those days.那些天我感到非常沮丧。
3. Both anger and bitterness preyed upon her continually for days几天来，她又气又恨， 感 到非常苦恼。
4. Astonishment deprived me of my power of speech.我惊讶地说不出话来。
5. Despair seized him at the thought of her setting out to renew the weary quest for work.想起她一个人出去重新登上找工作的艰辛路途，他觉得万念 俱灰。
6. Having seen the man, a chill of horror suddenly swept over her.看到那个人，她突然有种不寒而栗的感觉。
7. Neither regret nor sorrow followed his passionate outburst.他这样发作一通之后，既不后悔， 也不难过。
8. When she had to speak, her confidence suddenly deserted her.当不得不说话时，她突然失去 了信心。
9. Panic seized her. 她突然惊慌失措。
10. Despair choked her words. 她绝望得说不出话来。
11. A great sense of relief flooded over him. 他深感宽慰。
第二类： 主语是表示时间和地点的名词
这类名词有：the town（镇），the following year（第二年）等。
与之对应的动词有：witness(见证）, find, see, boast（有引以为荣的事物）等。
请看下面的例句：
The city boasts a beautiful lake.这个城市有个美丽的湖，人人 以此为豪。
Shanghai witnessed the birth of the Chinese Communist Party.中国共产党成立于上海。
Distance makes the overseas Chinese heart increasingly fond of the country.
华侨背井离乡，远居他国，因此他们在感情上越来越向往祖国。
Dusk found the little girl crying in the street because she was hungry and thirsty.
黄昏时刻，那个小女孩又饥又渴， 在街 上哭泣。
September finds agreeable weather in Beijing.九月的北京天气宜人。
Recent years have seen more and more foreign students come to study in China. 近年来，越来越多 的外国学生来中国留学。
The world history has seen more tears than laughter. 在世界历史上，泪水比欢笑多。
Beijing saw many historic events. 在北京发生过许多历史事件。
The country has witnessed different ways to reforms. 这个国家已经进行了多种改革。
The world has witnessed different roads to modernization. 世界上已经有了不同的现代化道路。
Beijing has witnessed great changes in recent years. 北京见证了最近几年的的巨大变化。
The following year saw the death of his mother. 第二年他的妈妈去世了。
The town boasts a beautiful lake. 这个镇引以为荣的是有个美丽的湖。
第三类：主语是表示自然现象等名词
这类名词有：fog雾、earthquake地震等。与之对应的动词有：blanket（覆盖）, come, bring, prevent, strike, hit, threaten 等词。
请看下面的例句：
The thick fog blanketed the field. 浓雾笼罩着整个大地。
An earthquake came like a thief in the night，without warning.地震到来，犹如夜贼，不作预告。
The rain prevented tourists from enjoying the full moon.雨使得游客无法欣赏到满月。
A heavy rain visited the city.这个城市刚下过-一场大雨。
The night breeze brought him the perfume of the general's cigarette.夜晚微风徐徐，他闻到 了将军烟卷的香味。
An earthquake comes like a thief in the night, without warning.地震到来，犹如夜贼， 不作 预告。
When I woke up, the shadows told me that the sun had done much travel since I had fallen asleep.我醒来时，目睹太阳投下的阴影，便知道太阳在我入睡后已走过了很远的路程了。
A hush fell upon the assembly.会场一片寂静
The softness of the earth gave him an idea.他踏着松软的泥土，--个主意油然而生。
The beautiful scenery gained the place quite a reputation.美景使这个地方颇有名气。
The gleaming sands and backdrop of pine woods and distant hills give it a pleasant and restful atmosphere.这儿沙滩闪烁，松 林掩映，远山连绵， 自有一 -种令人心旷神怡的气氛。
第四类：主语是表示身体部位和音容等名词
这类名词有：face脸，laughter笑声/face/eye/heart/fingers/tears/smile/voice等，与之对应的动词有：light up（照亮）, brighten（照亮）, linger（继续存留）, well up(涌出）, flash等词。
请看下面的例句：
Her face lit up/brightened when I gave her the present.我给她礼物时，她的脸上焕发出了光彩。
Laughter lingered around the room. 笑声在房间里萦绕。
When he saw the familiar handwriting, tears welled up in his eyes.他一看到熟悉的字迹，便热泪盈眶。
My heart failed me at the sight.一见那情景我就失去了勇气。
Her heart did whisper that he had done it for her.她心里的确在嘀咕:为了她，他才这 么做的。
His accent suggests Shanghai.听他的口音像是上海人。
第五类：主语是表示行为和动作的名词
常见的表示行为或动作的名词有如sight, thought, glance, look, idea, feeling等。
与之对应的动词有：strike（打）, arouse(唤起），remind, delight, frighten，overwhelm(压倒）等词。
请看下面的例句：
A terrible thought suddenly struck me. 我突然想到一个可怕的想法。
The sight of the scene filled me with horror.想到这个情景我心中充满了恐惧。
Many years of hard work changed mother greatly.多年的辛劳使他母亲大大变样了。
A fifteen minutes' walk brought me to the school.我步行15分钟，就到了 学校。.
The long walk took our strength out of us.我们长途步行后全身无力。
A glance through the window offers a whole view of the town.从这个窗口可以一-眼看到城镇的全景。
The sight of the girl always reminds me of her parents.我一看到这个女孩，就 想起她的父母。
The thought of seeing her son very soon filled her heart with great happiness.想到不久就要见到儿子，她心中感到十 分快乐。
Rest brought him new confidence and almost a feeling of security.休息之后，他又充满了 自信，几乎有 了一种相当安全的感觉。
最后我来揭晓在本节课开头提到的这种思维模式是什么。在讲解这种思维模式之前，我们一起复习无灵主语句的公式：无灵主语句=无灵主语+有灵动词。
有灵动词有：one’s face brighten/light up(露出喜色), tears well up(涌出), spread across(浮现)
英语常用无生命的名词作主语, 这是英语和汉语在句子构成方面的一个重要差别。 引起这种差别的原因很多，最主要的恐怕是由于不同民族的不同思维习惯所致。
在中国人的思维中，往往以“人”为中心，认为只有“人”才会发出“具有生命力的动作”。比如只有“人”才能产生这些动作：看、哭、送、说、写、讲、拿等；相反，无生命的动词，对应的是，没有生命力的动词：如：相吸引、相排斥、变等。
而在英美人的思维中，往往更注意客观事物和现象对人的作用和影响，反映在语言表达上就是多用无生命名词作主语。
Part 2 其他句子素材
Their drive moved us deeply.他们的干劲使我们深受感动。
Fear and worry cost him a night's sleep.恐惧和担忧使他睡不着觉。
Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance.兴奋使我什么话都说不出来。
Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. 黑暗使人更加珍惜光明:寂静教人体 会到声音的欢乐。
The sun rose red.太阳升起红艳艳。
His wife sat there silent.他妻子坐在那里沉默不语。
The old fisherman came bome dog-tired yesterday evening.老渔夫昨晚回到家后非常疲惫。
The soldiers stood motionless.士兵们站着时- -动不动。
Mary came back cheerful.玛丽回来时兴高采烈。
They parted the best of friends. (They were the best friends when they parted.)他们分手时是最好的朋友。
John left London a skilled worker.约翰离开伦敦时是---个熟练的工人。
Tom returned quite a different man. 汤姆回来时完全是另外一个人了。
Before he sailed single-handed, he didn't tell anybody.他独自驾船航行之前，没有 告诉任何人。
Shocked, she sat still.她吓呆了，坐着一 -动不动。
Smith died young.史密斯死时很年轻。
The early morning broke cold. 破晓时分天气寒冷。
I always go out scared after dark.天黑之后，我出去 总是很害怕。
One evening she was lying awake in bed when she heard some footsteps.一天晚上，她正醒着躺在床 上，这时她听到 了脚步声。
His mother has been lying ill in bed for several days.他母亲病了，躺在床 上已经几天了。
She'll come back a beautiful girl.她回来时将是一个漂亮的大姑娘了。
The suitcase was worn white.手提箱已磨得发白了。
The umbrella was returned to me riddled some holes.雨伞还给我时，，上面有许多 窟窿。
Jack left arrogant and came back modest.杰克离开时很傲慢，回来时却很谦虚。
We set out cold, and we arrived at the top of the hill colder.我们出发时感到冷，到达山顶时就更冷 了。.
Tom sat there surprised, looking at the oak tree.汤姆坐在那里吃惊地望着橡树。
Nancy left a little girl and came back a mother of two children.南希走时还是个小女孩，回来时 已经是两个孩子的妈妈了。
He went to bed a beggar and the next morning he woke up a millionaire.他睡觉时是个叫花子，第二天早晨醒来却成了百万富翁。.
Here huge trunks of fallen timber lie rotting on the ground.这儿倒下的巨大树干横卧在地上腐烂着。
The old man sat smoking when I went into the room.我进屋时，老人正坐着抽烟。
He was lying in bed watching TV. 他躺在床上看电视。
I reached the top of the hill quite out of breath. 我爬到山顶时已完全是上气不接下气了。
She came into the room in tears. 她进屋时眼泪汪汪。
I came at first hopeful and then in despair. 我初来时满怀希望，后来却大失所望。
My sister came here tearful. 我妹妹来到这儿时眼泪汪汪。
Linda married young. 琳达结婚时还很年轻。=Linda was young when she was married.
Linda dressed young .琳达打扮得很年轻。=Linda dressed youthfully.
Part 3 素材积累1
关于情感句子的积累：(表达情感的形容词+动作具体描写），用so..that...
1、兴奋：I was so excited/thrilled that I gave a jump in the air.我激动得跳了起来
2、开心：I was so happy/cheerful that I jumped up and down.我高兴得上蹿下跳。
3、感动：I was so moved that I failed to say a word.我感动得一句话也说不出来。
4、悲伤：I was so sad that I hid my face in my hands.我难过得用手捂住了脸。
5、生气：I was so angry that I failed to say a word. 我气得一句话也说不出来。
6、害怕：I was so scared/frightened that my palms sweated and my heart pounded.我害怕得手心冒汗，心怦怦直跳。
7、羞愧：I was so ashamed that I could feel my face burning.我羞愧得感觉自己的脸在燃烧。
Part 4 素材积累2：翻译练习
第一组
1.他惊恐地瞪大了眼睛。
2.她笑了，眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
3.她的眼里充满泪水。
4.那条狗饥饿的目光落在我的三明治。fall on/land on...(目光) 落在……
5.她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。
6.他似乎不愿意与我的目光接触。
7.她试图坐起来，目光紧盯着琼的脸。
8.他一刻不停地盯着我。
9.他进屋时眼睛扫视了整个房间。
10.他回答时垂下眼睛看着膝盖。
第二组
1. 巴黎的服装广告使他大开眼界。
2. 这真使我开眼界。
3. 电视真使人大开眼界。
4. 旅游使他大开眼界。
5. 这让我大开眼界。
6. 听到这个消息，他绝望地把悲伤淹没在酒里。
7. 别让小狗离开你的视线。
8. 女孩目不转睛地看着她美丽的新娃娃。
9. 他凝视这窗外的雪。
10. 那男人粗暴地冲她大声喊叫，她也怒目而视。
11. 闭上眼睛，不许偷看！
12. 观众们张大了嘴巴呆呆地看着魔术师的表演。
13. 她在考场上偷看教科书。
14. 亨利从窗户向厨房里窥视。
15. 我瞥见窗前有个身影。
16. 埃米莉回头看了一眼。
17. 他凶巴巴地环视房间，像是等待有人来挑战他。
18. 塔玛拉摇着头不相信地盯着他看。
19. 帕特里克坐着，茫然地看着前方。
20. 他羞涩地瞥了她一眼。
第三组
练习一：请把下列表示情感的形容词改成名词，做作主语
anxious 焦虑的 n. guilty内疚的 n.
panic 惊慌的 n. worried担忧的 n.
despaired 绝望的 n. angry生气的 n.
hopeless绝望的 n. depressed 沮丧的 n.
horrible恐惧的 n. stressful 有压力的 n.
happy 高兴的 n. sad 伤心的 n.
练习二：请把下面的句子和相应的有灵动词（谓语）匹配。
( )1、一阵恐慌向她袭来。 A wave of panic______ her. A.choked
( )2、我抱着礼物，兴奋得什么话也说不出来。 I held the present, and excitement________ my words. B.seized
( )3、她的焦虑把她撕成了碎片。（她焦虑不安） Anxiety_________her into pieces. C.swept over
( )4、那些日子里，一种沮丧攫住了我。 A depression_______ me those days. D.tore
第四组
练习：根据汉语和提示用无灵主语或有灵动词填空，并背诵。
1、他一看到熟悉的字迹，便热泪盈眶。
The moment he saw the familiar handwriting, _________ (主语) ______ _______(有灵动词） in his eyes.
2、当老人多年后回到家乡时，激动得热泪盈眶。(激动的泪水)
When the old man returned to his hometown after so many years, tears of _________ (主语)_________ _______(有灵动词） in his eyes.
3、他注视着那个不寻常地沉默的男孩，一脸惊讶。
He stared at the unusually silent boy and a look of surprise______ ______ his face.
4、我给她礼物时，她的脸上露出了喜色。
________ _______ (主语)______ _______(有灵主语) when I gave her the present.
句式7：表时间和地点的名词+（有灵动词)witness/ fill/ spread through 等等
例句1：上海发生了许多重大的历史事件。 Shanghai witnessed many great historical events.
仿写： 下一刻见证了他们做早餐的努力，最终他们做到了。
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例句2：(2021年全国I卷)早餐的香味弥漫在厨房的空气中。The smell of breakfast filled the air in the kitchen.
仿写： 每个人都欣喜若狂，院子里洋溢着喜悦。
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翻译巩固（每日三题）
1.突然之间，双胞胎的脸亮了起来，他们的头坚定地点着。
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2.他站在门边，脸上露出喜色。
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3.一见到他的老朋友，一种幸福的感觉席卷了他。(sweep over)
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4.(2022年苏州八校联考)当她看到草莓的时候，她的眼睛闪烁着喜悦和甜蜜。(twinkle)
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5.(2022年苏州八校联考)当她看到草莓的时候,幸福的泪水从她脸颊留下。
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6.(2022年苏州八校联考)当她看到草莓的时候，一种幸福和快乐的感觉席卷了她。
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7.当她打开盒子时，她的手激动得发抖。
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8.(2021年全国I卷）妈妈试图掩饰自己的情绪，但是那闪闪发光的眼泪却出卖了她。（sth fail sb)
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9.比赛前，她突然失去了信心。（sth fail sb)
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10.她想坚持，但是鼓不起勇气。（sth fail sb)
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11.我一打开盒子，就惊讶地睁大了眼睛。
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12.简脸色苍白，一阵恐惧袭上心头。(seize/take hold of/ sweep over)
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13.她绝望得心都要被撕碎了。
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Part 5 综合演练【模拟题 新高考专用】
（2022·山东潍坊·一模）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully.
Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!”
Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently.
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs...How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom!
But now Grandpa couldn't get up. This made them worried. “We’d think out a way to cheer him up.” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover, and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head.
Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea.
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Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.
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（2022·福建龙岩·一模）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It’s a beautiful sunny day. The Bonds boarded their boat for a carefree day trip to Dove Island for some fishing as a family custom. Thomas Bond, a 30-year-old construction worker, loved the sport, especially catching bass (鲈鱼) and had impressed on his oldest daughter, Lizzy, a love of the outdoors, teaching her how to bait (下诱饵) a hook and cast a line and brave the waves.
The family spent the day fishing in the vast ocean, and then left the island in the early evening. Upon setting off from the shore, they found thick fog rolling in. Lizzy fell into a light sleep beside her five-year-old sister, Molly, at a table on the boat’s lower deck (甲板). Their father’s sharp orders woke her up: “Get out of the boat. The boat’s sinking!” Lizzy pushed her sister into the cold, dark water. Both girls wore life jackets. The adults did not. The girls were followed by their mother, Petra Bond, who was expecting a baby at that time. Within seconds, the boat was damaged and was left just the tip of its bow in the air.
Looking into the faces of her father, mother, and sister, Lizzy wasn’t frightened. After some time, her father told them he would swim for help. “I’ll be back,” he said before disappearing into the darkness.
“Dad is like the superhero to me. I believe he will get help to rescue us,” Lizzy said to herself. After some time, her mother became quiet and stopped swimming. Lizzy wrapped a rope around her mother’s chest and tied her to the boat so she wouldn’t float away. Then her sister fell quiet too and she stayed beside her.
To keep herself awake, Lizzy daydreamed about what they would do after they were rescued. They would stay in a hotel, order room service, and lie comfortably under the blankets in bed, cozy and warm.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After several hours, Lizzy heard her name called in the distance.
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On the coast, an ambulance was waiting for them.
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