2023届高考英语二轮复习题型二 七选五 专项训练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语二轮复习题型二 七选五 专项训练（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-20 11:56:39 | ||
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题型二 七选五（2）——2023届高考英语高频题型专项训练
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、七选五
1、 The first year of college is crucial in setting students up for success, laying a strong foundation for the rest of college and beyond. So how do you get through the first year ①_____,which I hope you find useful.
Go to college with a purpose
Going to college takes time and money. Simply going because everyone told you to—without a clear end—puts you more at risk of not getting your degree. ②_____. Pick your classes wisely and map out your path. Some of this is really basic, for example, if you know you need 120 credits to graduate.
Make a connection with a staff member
The staff member can be an adviser, a librarian, a financial aid officer, or even an admissions counselor. Anyone connected with the college who you can learn on to learn the ropes on the institution is OK. Having one strong connection with the adult staff can make you feel engaged and supported throughout the college. ③_____.
Turn to your professor during office hours
So many students agree that office hours are terrifying. If you go to your professor's office and talk to him or her, you will be more likely to find that your professor is a modest person and you can become friends. ④_____, and ask what's on an upcoming exam. You may be able to get an extension on a paper. You can also talk about stuff that's unrelated to your class.
⑤_____
College is full of opportunities to meet people. Start with your classes—work on assignments, together or form a study group. Join clubs and organizations—let the organizational framework of those meetings ease the awkwardness of scheduling a first friend date.
A. Work on assignments respectively
B. Here is what the experts recommend
C. Find a group of friends who support you
D. You can bring an assignment you're struggling with
E. You actually go to college because you have a schedule
F. Be well-prepared for important appointments with your friends
G. It can also result in strategic career advice and networking opportunities
2、 Science can help you improve your study methods. For more than 100 years, psychologists have done research on which study habits work best. Here are 4 tips to improve your study habits.
Space out your studying
Nate Kornell, a psychologist at Williams College, thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test. ①______. Instead, space out those study sessions. Kornell compares our memory to water in a cup. Try to refill the cup while it’s still full, and you can’t add much more water. Allow time between study sessions, and some of the material may drip out of your memory. But then you’ll be able to relearn it and learn more in your next study session.
Practice, practice, practice!
Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. ②______ “If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice,” says Katherine Rawson.
Test yourself
Scientist Nebel suggests. “③______ Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side of the card and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions,” she adds. “It will be of great help. ’’
④______
It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about Why do they matter Psychologists call this elaboration. It’s taking class material and asking a lot of how and why questions about it. This helps you combine new information with other things you know. And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another. ⑤______.
A. Dig deeper
B. Try your best
C. Of course, nothing can replace studying with your mother
D. The same should go for learning
E. That larger network makes it easier to learn more and deeper
F. Create a pack of cards every time you learn new information
G. But research shows it’s a bad idea to force all your studying into that day
3、 If you are a person who remains busy in work and pays no attention to your health and well-being, you may experience stress, depression, and anxiety. ①_____ According to a psychologist, true well-being comes with balance, constant growth and acceptance. Here are a few tested ways to improve your quality of life.
Deal with stress
Although it is difficult to avoid stress nowadays, it is definitely possible to deal with it. It is very important to learn to deal with stress in a smart way. ②_____ If your stress is unmanageable, note down the causes of stress as well as what actions you can take to improve your reaction, mood, and even situation.
Be social as much as you can
A man cannot stay healthy without interacting with other people. ③_____ If you have heard of laughter therapy, it also has the same purpose to reduce the stress when you laugh with other people. Everyone needs acceptance and friendship that is fulfilled only when you socialize with others.
Find and practice new hobbies
④_____ When you have an interest in some activities and enjoy doing them, you take healthy steps to improve your emotional well-being. It also keeps the work and daily life s pressure off your brain. Finding new hobbies is great for strengthening your brain and boost your mood.
Learn to live in the present
The biggest reason for experiencing depression and anxiety is when a person remains stuck in past events. Negative self-talking such as “why people did this to me” steals not only the happiness but makes the person miss opportunities that the present moment tries to offer.
⑤_____
A. Keep a positive attitude about future.
B. Hobby helps us keep busy and engaged.
C. For that, try to avoid the situations that cause stress.
D. Communicating with others lowers down the stress level.
E. Take a break from the robotic routine and pick healthy habits.
F. Staying happy and laughing more is essential for a quality life.
G. We should learn to enjoy the present life and try not to think too much about the future.
4、 Narcissists (自恋者) are people who are simply interested in themselves. They talk about themselves, demand admiration and recognition and believe everyone else should envy them. ①_______. When you come across a narcissistic person, your initial reaction might be shocks but in some cases the best reaction might be none at all.
Understand that narcissism is a personality disorder. ②_______. Often the person can’t help himself—he actually believes his idea of being superior to others. Remember that Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is classified as a mental illness.
③_______. A narcissist feeds off attention from others. When the person starts talking about himself excessively, the best thing to do is just walk away—leave the situation.
Have reasonable expectations about the person and his ability to stop being self-absorbed. This is not a disorder that goes away on its own—often the person will need intensive counseling to deal with his narcissism. Suggest counseling if you are in a close relationship with the person, such as a marriage. ④_______, his condition may improve with treatment
⑤_______. A narcissist can be a burden on his friends and family and will often put others down as a way of building himself up. It is important to have high confidence yourself, so that you do not start to believe and absorb what he says as if it is the truth.
A. Stay positive and strong-minded
B. Ignore the person whenever possible
C. Give him or her a hand whenever possible
D. While he may not be able to stop the behavior completely
E. Often it is rooted in childhood issues, such as abuse or neglect
F. When you are suffering from this kind of mental disorder occasionally
G. They might even lie or exaggerate (夸大) the truth as a way to lift themselves
5、 Specifically, citizen science is when the public voluntarily helps conduct scientific research. Citizen scientists may design experiments, collect data, analyze results, and solve problems. ①_____ These data help professional scientists and resource managers answer scientific questions and solve important problems. And the activity helps participants build meaningful connections to science.
Anyone can be a citizen scientist, regardless of where they're from. ②_____ All it takes is some time, curiosity, and a sense of wonder.
Why does the national parks support citizen science For two reasons—good management of parks, and good experiences for visitors.
③____ Sometimes the best way to get that information is through citizen science projects. For example, managers might need to know when certain kinds of plants bloom. Data on flower timing can help them know which butterflies need special protection. They might not have enough time to count all those flowers across the park. But hundreds of visitors hiking in the park can do.
Citizen science is also a way for visitors to enjoy and learn about science and their parks. ④_____ Citizen science helps the national parks fill that role. One of the best ways to learn science is to do science. And by doing science, people can appreciate their parks in new ways.
For most projects in national parks, it's the professional scientists and managers who decide what topic is important, how to study it, and how to use the results. The public—who may range from park visitors to student groups or local community members is invited, encouraged, and enabled to participate. ⑤_____
There are many citizen science park projects, and there will be more in the future.
A. They typically do so by collecting data.
B. In national parks, most citizen scientists collect data.
C.And these participants can use their own way to study.
D. It doesn't matter how old you are or what your background is.
E. There is a lot of information about the role of citizen scientists.
F. The national parks have a public education role and responsibility.
G. For good management, the parks use the best available scientific information.
6、 Fall is our favourite hiking season. It's not too hot. The bugs are gone. Solitude (无人居住的地方)is easier to find. But fall hiking has its own complications, especially when it comes to weather. ①______
Protect your feet. Pamper your feet, and they'll take you around the world. ②______ A pair of suede or synthetic shoes will offer great comfort, without a big “breaking in” process. They dry fast, and aren't tough on the wallet. If you’re going for longer treks (跋涉) then you’ll want footwear that offers support, comfort, weather resistance, and durability.
Backpacks. ③______ Size. Fora short hike, a daypack is best. It's light, practical, and big enough to carry the essentials (you're looking for something between 15 and 35 L). For longer hikes, look for a pack between 30-50 L with an integrated frame (to prevent the bag from putting too much pressure on your back and shoulders).
Stay hydrated (含水的). Yes, the heatwaves of summer are probably gone for the year, but packing enough water is vital in any season. ④______ For longer treks, consider a hydration reservoir, which can carry anywhere from 0. 5 to 10 L. No need to search in your pack for your water bottle; just enjoy a sip from the handy tube.
⑤______ Changeable fall can transform a sunny morning into a wet, cold afternoon. After a forest hike, the wind atop the lookout can bite. Dress in layers. If it’s warm, you can take a layer off to prevent sweating. If it's cool, you can add a layer back on. Softshells are easily packable and light. They keep wind and water off, and are easy to take on and off as needed. Dressing for your trek Check the forecast before hitting the trails.
A. Number one criterion
B. Keep warm and dry.
C. Like only cheep shoes
D. Just going short distances
E. Having enough water will keep you energetic.
F. Before heading out, check out this handy fall hiking checklist.
G. For shorter hikes, this might just mean filling up your favourite water bottle.
7、 All dogs can benefit from training throughout their lives. But where to begin the process Thus, we have consulted some experts on where to start. ①______.
Identify your training goals
②______. If you're interested in skill training, or basic manners, such as teaching your dog td sit, stay and lie down, that's the field of a dog trainer. If your dog has a behavior problem—anxiety: aggressiveness, fearfulness—then what you need is a dog behavioral consultant.
Decide how you’d like to train your dog
When it comes to training methods, you have a few options. Group classes are cheaper but less personalized, while customized classes with training facilities are more expensive and riskier. ③______. If you don’t want to pay a lot of money for dog trainings you can choose free or low-cost resources you can find online.
④______
Generally speaking, many trainers fall into two broad categories. The first is positive reinforcement(强化) trainers, which means giving your dog something good to train, The second is balanced trainers who are willing to make a series of corrections using positive reinforcement methods.
Be realistic
Your dog may bark at your guests, ⑤______ Since you can’t change a German shepherd’s genetic impulse (基因冲动)to protect its territory, you may need to change your expectations, instead.
A. Understand the methods
B. Make a detailed schedule
C. Here’s what they say about the issue
D. Usually there are two levels of dog training
E. The benefits of training dogs properly are as follows
F. Your choice will depend on your budget and your training goals
G. It might be a kind of dog to defend against people walking in your door
8、 Teaching kids how to take control of income and expenses is the key to financial success. Here are a few tips for helping teens understand the importance of money management.
●Family goal setting
Setting financial goals as a family can be a great way to solve a current money problem and involve the whole family in cutting back on spending. ①_______. They can also be large such as saving for a family vacation. The idea is to get children and parents to work together toward a common financial goal.
●②_______
Letting teens pay for goods or services will help them develop healthy financial habits. Balancing the family chequebook and understanding the household income and expenses will prepare teens for the future by learning important money management tools.
●Teen credit cards
If teens have credit cards, they should be responsible for paying the bills on their own. ③_______,but parents should set ground rules about acceptable purchases and a monthly limit. There should be a clear understanding that the cards will be taken away if the rules are broken.
●Teen jobs
When teens have jobs, it's important to discuss how that money will be spent. ④_______,like how much they will save and how much they should budget for entertainment. It’s also important for children to be responsible for their own money. Teens should have their own bank account and deposit and withdraw money on their own. This will give them a true sense of responsibility.
●Allowance
Parents can use allowances to help young children learn about the power of budgeting; Kids learn that they can spend their money weekly on small treats. ⑤_______.
A. Bill payment
B. Healthy habits
C. Parents should help children budget their money
D. Try to set large family financial goals one at a time
E. They can also save their dollars for a special larger purchase
F. Credit cards can be a good way to build teens' individual credit
G. Goals can be small such as paying off a small credit card balance
9、Host a Film Night
Cinemas sometimes are closed because of the corona-virus Pandemic but that doesn't mean you have to miss out on the magic of the movies. ①______ You could even make it a new family tradition.
First of all, talk to your family members about which days they think would work for a film night. If you want to make it a regular activity, take your thought into consideration when choosing a day. ②______ Or you could keep the first Wednesday evening of every month free. If you decide to start with a single film night, schedule it for a specific ay and leave time for excitement to build.
③______ Then, when it’s time for film night to begin, time is wasted because nobody in your family can agree on what to watch. Thus, if your film night is scheduled on a Friday, write down options and ask everyone to submit their choice by Wednesday. Review the options and then pick the film that most family members can agree on. If your film night is set to be a regular activity, then the decision making can be done in turn among family members. Ask them to write down the names of their selected films and put them into a box. ④______
Moreover, if you decide to do film nights regularly, picking a theme can be fun. Your theme could be films which were made before the year 2000, or films that feature your favorite actor or actress.
When the big night arrives, get your living room, or wherever you're watching the film, ready. ⑤______ Or put an air mattress down on the floor for extra comfort. Then you're ready to press PLAY.
A. Choose a film for the night in advance.
B. After all, the charm of movies should never be ignored.
C. You may decide that every Friday night works, for example.
D. Instead, why not dim the lights and have a film night at home
E. One common mistake people make is putting off choosing the film.
F. Add sleeping bags and pillows if you want to make the room more inviting.
G. Draw one out of the box every week to determine which film is to be picked.
10、The “Three Rs” of Environmental Protection
Last time you drank a soda in an aluminum can or water in a plastic bottle, what did you do with the can or bottle when you were finished Did you know both could be recycled To recycle something is to make it into something else. Pollution is the introduction of harmful chemicals into the environment that can hurt people and the earth. Pollutants can come from garbage that isn’t recycled. ①_______ These pollutants can make us and animals very sick. It is a big problem in our world today.
Is there something you can do about it There sure is. ②_______
First, reduce. Something simple like turning off the lights when you leave a room or turning off the water faucet while you brush your teeth can make a big difference. ③_______, and even using a cloth towel rather than a paper towel when you spill something in the kitchen can help our planet.
When you don’t want a toy you have anymore, don’t just throw it away. Find a friend who might want it. That is reusing. Clothes you have grown out of can be donated for others to wear. A plastic cup you drank out of can be cleaned and used to store small toys in your room. ④_______
⑤_______ Look on the bottom of plastic cups and containers. If you see a recyclable symbol, you can recycle the item. Newspapers, school papers, even glass jars and bottles can be recycled. Most neighborhoods have garbage trucks that just pick up recyclable items. Ask your parents if there is one in your area and use it.
We only have one planet to live on. Be someone who makes an effort to take care of it.
A. Garbage can be recycled and made into something new
B. Many of the items that are thrown away could be reused
C. Countless things can be recycled
D. Pollution affects living things other than animals
E. You can help by “reducing”, “reusing” and “recycling”
F. Pollution can also be caused by smoke and exhaust (废气) in the air and chemicals we put in the water
G. Walking or riding a bike rather than driving a car
参考答案
1、答案：BEGDC
解析：①根据上文“The first year of college is crucial in setting students up for success, laying a strong foundation for the rest of college and beyond. So how do you get through the first year (大学的第一年是为学生的成功奠定基础的关键,为大学以后的学习打下了坚实的基础。那你是怎么度过第一年的呢 )”结合后文具体说明了专家对度过大学第一年的建议,故B选项“以下是专家的建议”符合语境,故选B。
②根据上文“Going to college takes time and money. Simply going because everyone told you to—without a clear end-puts you more at risk of not getting your degree.(上大学需要时间和金钱。仅仅因为每个人都告诉你要去,而没有一个明确的目标,这将使你更有可能拿不到学位)”以及后文“Pick your classes wisely and map out your path. Some of this is really basic, for example, if you know you need 120 credits to graduate.明智地选择你的课程,规划你的道路。有些是非常基础的,例如,如果你知道你需要120个学分才能毕业)”可知,后文提到了要有明确的规划,可见大学要有计划,有时间安排。故E选项“你上大学是因为你有一个时间表”符合语境,故选E。
③根据上文“The staff member can be an adviser, a librarian, a financial aid officer, and even an admissions counselor. Anyone connected with the college who you can lean on to learn the ropes of the institution is OK. Having one strong connection with the adult staff can make you feel engaged and supported throughout the college.(工作人员可以是顾问、图书管理员、财务援助官员,甚至是招生顾问。任何与学校有关系的人都可以,你可以依靠他们了解学校的情况。与成年教员建立牢固的联系可以让你在整个大学过程中感受到参与和支持)”可知,上文说明了与成年教员建立联系的好处,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文继续说明其好处。故G选项“还能带来战略性的职业建议和人脉机会”符合语境,故选G。
④根据上文“So many students agree that office hours are terrifying. If you go to your professor's office and talk to him or her, you will be more likely to find that your professor is a modest person and you can become friends.(很多学生都认为办公时间很可怕。如果你去教授的办公室和他或她交谈,你会更有可能发现你的教授是一个谦虚的人,你们可以成为朋友)”以及后文“and ask what's on an upcoming exam. You may be able to get an extension on a paper. You can also talk about stuff that's unrelated to your class.(询问即将到来的考试内容。你可能会在一篇论文上获得延期。你也可以谈论与你的课程无关的东西)”可知,上文提到了和教授做朋友,后文则提到询问即将到来的考试内容,说明可以和教授谈论自己的事情。故D选项“你可以把你正在纠结的任务带来”符合语境,故选D。
⑤根据后文“College is full of opportunities to meet people. Start with your classes—work on assignments together or form a study group. Join clubs and organizations—let the organizational framework of those meetings ease the awkwardness of scheduling a first friend date.(大学里充满了结交朋友的机会。从你的课程开始—一起完成作业或组成一个学习小组。加入俱乐部和组织—让那些会议的组织框架缓解安排第一次朋友约会的尴尬”可知,本段的主旨主要关于大学交朋友,故C选项“找一群支持你的朋友”符合语境,故选C。
2、答案：①-⑤GDFAE
解析：①根据空格前一句“Nate Kornell, a psychologist at Williams College, thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test.”(威廉姆斯学院的心理学家内特 科内尔认为,在大考前一天学习是个好主意。),根据后句的instead体现出后文说明的是相反的做法,G选项(但研究表明,把你所有的学习都拖到那天是个坏主意),“but”—词表示句间逻辑的转折。故选G。
②根据空格前两句“Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills.”(音乐家们练习他们的乐器。运动员练习运动技能。),根据下文“If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice,” says Katherine Rawson.(如果你想记住信息,最好的办法就是练习。凯瑟琳 罗森说道)D选项(学习也是如此)符合题意,表明学习也需要练习。后文是对选项的解释。故选D。
③此句是引用Nebel说的话,她举例介绍用卡片复习,检测学习效果的一种方式。F选项(每次学习新信息时,创建卡片)符合要求。故选F。
④根据下文It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further。Push further就是dig deeper。
⑤根据前一句“And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another, she says.”(她说:“它在你的大脑中建立了一个更大的网络,把相互关联的事物联系起来。”)可知,选项承接上文说明更大的网络使的作用。E选项(那个更大的网络可以让你学到更多更深刻的知识。)中的that larger network的指代就非常明显,指代前一句中的a bigger network。故选E。
3、答案：①-⑤ECDBG
解析：①根据前文"If you are a person she remains busy in work and pays no attention to your health and well-being, you may experience stress, depression, and anxiety.(如果你是一个一直忙于工作而不关心你的健康和幸福的人，你可能会经历压力、抑郁和焦虑)"可知，如果一直忙于工作会导致压力、抑郁和焦虑，结合下文一些提高生活质量的方式推知，空处建议人们从繁忙的日常生活中找时间休息。E选项"Take a break from the robotic routine and pick healthy habits.(从机械的日常生活中休息一下，养成健康的习惯)"承接前文，强调在日常生活中要养成健康的习惯，符合语境。故选E。
②根据前文"It is very important to learn to deal with stress in a smart way.(学会用聪明的方式处理压力是非常重要的)"可知,此处强调的是用聪明的方式去处理压力。下文应该解释这种方式。C选项"For that, try to avoid the situations that cause stress.(因此，尽量避免那些会造成压力的情况) "与前文的in a smart way呼应。故选C。
③根据前文"A man cannot stay healthy without interacting with other people.(一个人如果不和别人交往就不可能保持健康)"可知，此处强调的是社交对于保持健康的重要性，即给保持健康带来的好处。D选项"Communicating with others lowers down the stress level.(与他人沟通可以降低压力水。)"强调的是与他人交流能够降低压力水平，与上文呼应。故选D。
④根据本段段旨"Find and practice new hobbies(发现并培养新的爱好)"可知,此处强调的是发现并培养新的爱好能够有助于缓解压力维持健康。B选项"Hobby helps us keep busy and engaged.(爱好帮助我们保持忙碌和投入)"与段旨呼应，强调爱好的作用。故选B。
⑤根据本段段旨"Learn to live in the present(学会活在当下)"可知，本段强调的是活在当下的重要性，即对未来不要考虑太多。G选项"We should learn to enjoy the present life and try not to think too much about the future.(我们应该学会享受现在的生活，尽量不要为将来想太多)"与段旨呼应，强调应该学会享受现在的生活，尽量不要为将来想太多，符合语境。故选G。
4、答案：GEBDA
解析：①上文“Narcissists are people who are simply interested in themselves. They talk about themselves, demand admiration and recognition and believe everyone else should envy them.(自恋者是指仅仅对自己感兴趣的人。他们谈论他们自己,要求别人的钦佩和认可,并相信其他人都应该嫉妒他们)”讲述了自恋者的一些表现,只对自己感兴趣,认为别人都应该嫉妒他,因此推断G项“他们甚至可能通过撒谎或夸大真相来提升自己”符合语境,与上文是并列关系,谈论自恋者的一些外在表现,故选G。
②上文“Understand that narcissism is a personality disorder.(要理解自恋是一种人格障碍)”讲述自恋是一种心理疾病,下文“Often the person can't help himself—he actually believes his idea of being superior to others.(通常这个人无法控制自己—他实际上相信自己比别人优越的想法)”分析这种心理疾病的根源,因此推断E项“它通常植根于童年时期的问题,如虐待或忽视符合语境,与下文是并列关系,分析自恋产生的根源,承上启下。故选E。
③根据下文提供的建议“A narcissist feeds off attention from others. When the person starts talking about himself excessively, the best thing to do is just walk away—leave the situation.(一个自恋者会吸引别人的注意力。当这个人开始过分地谈论自己时,最好的办法就是离开一离开这种情况)”,遇到自恋者谈论自己选择离开是最好的办法。因此推断B项“尽可能地忽略这个人”符合语境,面对自恋者时的最好解决办法是忽视他,离开这种情况。故选B。
④根据下文his condition may improve with treatment(他的病情可以通过治疗改善)可知,此处谈论如何阻止自恋的产生,空处是一个从句,D项“尽管可能无法完全阻止这种行为符合语境,与下文构成让步关系。”故选D。
⑤下文“It is important to have high confidence yourself, so that you do not start to believe and absorb what he says as if it is the truth.自己有很高的自信是重要的,以便于你不会开始相信和理解他说的似乎是事实)建议你要积极自信。因此推断A项“保持乐观和意志坚强”符合语境。故选A。
5、答案：BDGFA
解析：①根据前文“Citizen scientists may design experiments, collect data, analyze results, and solve problems.(公民科学家可以设计实验,收集数据,分析结果并解决问题。)”和后文“These data help professional scientists and resource managers answer scientific questions and solve important problems.(这些数据帮助专业科学家和资源经理回答科学问题并解决重要问题。)”可知,横线处的内容起承上启下的作用,要提到data。B选项“在国家公园,大多数公民科学家收集数据。”collect data符合语境。故选B。
②根据前文“Anyone can be a citizen scientist, regardless of where they're from.(任何人都可以成为公民科学家,无论他们来自哪里。)”中提到任何人都可以成为公民科学家,和下文“All it takes is some time, curiosity, and a sense of wonder.(所需要的只是一些时间,好奇心和惊奇感。)”可知,横线处的句子要承上启下,因此判断D选项“这与你的年龄和背景无关。”可以承接上文,引出下文。故选D。
③根据第三段“Why does the national parks support citizen science For two reasons—good management of parks, and good experiences for visitors.(为什么国家公园支持公民科学 原因有二—公园的良好管理,以及为游客提供良好的体验。)”可知,国家公园使用公民科学家的两个原因分别是:公园完善的管理和游客良好的体现。且第五段提及了第二个原因“Citizen science is also a way for visitors to enjoy and learn about science and their parks.(公民科学也是游客享受和了解科学及其公园的一种方式。)”,由此推断第四段开头是第一个原因,横线处要填选项与公园管理有关。G选项“为了更好的管理,公园使用最好的可用科学信息”符合语境。故选G。
④根据后文“Citizen science helps the national parks fill that role. One of the best ways to learn science is to do science.(公民科学帮助国家公园填补了这一角色。学习科学的最好方法之一就是做科学。)”判断横线处应该和国家公园的任务、角色有关,由此推断F选项“国家公园具有公共教育的作用和责任。”符合语境。故选F。
⑤由前句“The public—who may range from park visitors to student groups or local community members is invited, encouraged, and enabled to participate.(公众,从公园游客到学生团体或当地社区成员,被邀请,鼓励和启用参与。)”提到公众被鼓励去参与科学项目,后面应该提到他们如何参加,由此推断A选项“他们通常通过收集数据来做到这一点。”可以承接上文。故选A。
6、答案：①-⑤FDAGB
解析：①推理判断题。根据上文But fall hiking has its own complications, especially when it comes to weather.(但秋季徒步旅行有其复杂性,尤其是在天气方面。)可知,接下来,文章要提出这些复杂性是什么,要如何应对。选项F.Before heading out, check out this handy fall hiking checklist.(出发之前,看看这个便捷的秋季徒步旅行清单。)和上文意思连贯,符合语境。故选F。
②细节理解题。根据上文Protect your feet.(保护你的脚。)和下文If you're going for longer treks (跋涉), then you'll want footwear that offers support, comfort, weather resistance, and durability.(如果你想要长途跋涉,那么你需要一双能提供支撑性,舒适性,耐候性和耐用性的鞋子。)可知,这一段作者建议徒步旅行时要保护好脚,并介绍具体的保护措施。选项D.Just going short distances (仅仅是短距离旅行就可以吗 )用疑问句的形式排除了一种不完美的保护脚的方法,空格下文提出了更好的保护脚的方法：一双完美的鞋子。选项D和上下文意思连贯,符合语境。故选D。
③细节理解题。根据下文Size(尺寸)可知,这里提到对背包的要求。选项A.Number one criterion (第一准则 )先对背包提出了最重要的要求,和下文意思一致。故选A。
④推理判断题。根据上文Stay hydrated(保持水分。)和下文For longer treks, consider a hydration reservoir, which can carry anywhere from 0.5 to 10 L.(对于长途跋涉,考虑一个不管去哪都可以携带0.5到10公升的补充水分的储备工具。)可知,这一段提出徒步旅行时要带充足的水。选项G.For shorter hikes, this might just mean filling up your favourite water bottle.(对于教短途的远足,这可能意味着装满你最喜欢的水瓶。)和上下文意思一致,符合语境。故选G。
⑤推理判断题。根据下文They keep wind and water off, and are easy to take on and off as needed.(它们可以挡风挡水,而且可以根据需要方便地开启和关闭。)可知,这一段说的是徒步旅行时的保暖和干的问题。选项B.Keep warm and dry.(保持暖和和干燥。)和下文意思一致,符合语境。故选B。
7、答案：①-⑤CDFAG
解析：①上文提到就训练狗的问题咨询了专家,下文介绍了专家答复的几条建议,故选C项。
②下文讲述了两种不同层次的目标,D项作为段首句概括本段,符合语境。
③上文讲到了训狗培训班和私人订制两种训练方式的区别,F项“你的选择取决于预算和目标”符合语境。
④归纳本段的主旨大意,A项“理解训狗的方法”符合语境。
⑤根据上文“你的狗可能会对客人叫”可知,G项“它可能是防御人们进入你家的那种狗”符合语境。
8、答案：①-⑤GAFCE
解析：①G项“设定的目标可以很小,比如还清一小笔信用卡欠款”承接上文,引出下文“它们可以很大,比如为家庭度假存钱”。
②根据下文中的“pay for goods or services”和“chequebook”可知,A项“账单支付”是本段的最佳小标题。
③F项“信用卡是建立青少年个人信用的好方法”与下文“但父母应该制订基本规则,规定可接受的 购买范围和每月的限额”是转折关系。
④根据下文“比如他们会存多少钱,他们应该为娱乐留多少预算”可知,C项“父母应该帮助孩子做预算”符合语境。
⑤E项“他们还可以省下钱来购买特定的更大花销的(东西)”承接上文“孩子们知道他们可以每周把钱花在小乐趣上”。
9、答案：①-⑤DCEGF
解析：①从设空处前一句“that doesn’t mean you have to miss out on the magic of the movies”和后一句“You could even make it a new family tradition.”可以推断出所填句子应该起到很好的承接作用,引出一种“能成为新的家庭传统的享受电影魅力的方式”。故选D项。
②根据设空处后一句“Or you could keep the first Wednesday evening of every month free.”可知,此处应为举例子表达film night的不同选择,和“Or...”构成并列和选择的关系。故选C项。
③根据设空处后一句“Then, when it’s time for film night to begin, time is wasted because nobody in your family can agree on what to watch.”可以推断,前一句讲述的应该是因为没有提前确定电影而引起时间被 浪费。故选E项。
④根据设空前一句可知,家庭成员将会写好各自挑选的电影名并放在一个盒子里,然后每周再提前从盒子里抽取本周电影)故选G项。
⑤最后一段讲述的是电影之夜来临时如何做好准备)设空处后一句提到“Or put an air mattress down on the floor for extra comfort.”由此可知设空处所填的应该是让环境更为舒适的举措)故选F项。
10、答案：①-⑤FEGBC
解析：①设空位于段中。根据设空处上文中的“Pollutants can come from garbage that isn’t recycled.”(污染物可以来源于没有被回收的垃圾)；再根据设空处下文中的“These pollutants can make us and animals very sick.”(这些污染物会使人类和动物生重病)；且根据文中句式及运用上下文所重现的关键词,结合选项推断,与此相吻合的为F项。故正确答案为 F 项。
②设空处位于段尾。根据设空处上句“Is there something you can do about it There sure is.”的设问及简答, 再根据设空处下文三段分述的内容可知, 该句应为“You can help by ‘reducing’ ‘reusing’ and ‘recycling’.”(你可以通过“节约”“再利用”和“回
收”来帮助我们的地球。)此句对下文起到了提纲挈领的作用。故正确答案为E项。
③设空位于段中。根据设空处下文中的“and even using a cloth towel rather than a paper towel when you spill something in the kitchen can help our planet”可推测,设空处应为与“and”并列的ing形式作为“can help our planet”的主语。结合选项Walking or riding a bike rather than driving a car的结构可推知,与此相吻合的为G项,故正确答案为G项。
④设空位于段尾。根据本段分述的主要内容为“Reusing”。选项“Many of the items that are thrown away could be reused”中“reused”与上文中的“reusing, used”有用词上的关联,“Clothes..., A plastic cup...”与“items”相照应。故正确答案为B项。
⑤ C 设空处位于段首。根据本段分述的主要内容“recycling”可知,备选答案“Countless things can be recycled”为主旨句最为贴切。故正确答案为C项。本题容易误选A。
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、七选五
1、 The first year of college is crucial in setting students up for success, laying a strong foundation for the rest of college and beyond. So how do you get through the first year ①_____,which I hope you find useful.
Go to college with a purpose
Going to college takes time and money. Simply going because everyone told you to—without a clear end—puts you more at risk of not getting your degree. ②_____. Pick your classes wisely and map out your path. Some of this is really basic, for example, if you know you need 120 credits to graduate.
Make a connection with a staff member
The staff member can be an adviser, a librarian, a financial aid officer, or even an admissions counselor. Anyone connected with the college who you can learn on to learn the ropes on the institution is OK. Having one strong connection with the adult staff can make you feel engaged and supported throughout the college. ③_____.
Turn to your professor during office hours
So many students agree that office hours are terrifying. If you go to your professor's office and talk to him or her, you will be more likely to find that your professor is a modest person and you can become friends. ④_____, and ask what's on an upcoming exam. You may be able to get an extension on a paper. You can also talk about stuff that's unrelated to your class.
⑤_____
College is full of opportunities to meet people. Start with your classes—work on assignments, together or form a study group. Join clubs and organizations—let the organizational framework of those meetings ease the awkwardness of scheduling a first friend date.
A. Work on assignments respectively
B. Here is what the experts recommend
C. Find a group of friends who support you
D. You can bring an assignment you're struggling with
E. You actually go to college because you have a schedule
F. Be well-prepared for important appointments with your friends
G. It can also result in strategic career advice and networking opportunities
2、 Science can help you improve your study methods. For more than 100 years, psychologists have done research on which study habits work best. Here are 4 tips to improve your study habits.
Space out your studying
Nate Kornell, a psychologist at Williams College, thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test. ①______. Instead, space out those study sessions. Kornell compares our memory to water in a cup. Try to refill the cup while it’s still full, and you can’t add much more water. Allow time between study sessions, and some of the material may drip out of your memory. But then you’ll be able to relearn it and learn more in your next study session.
Practice, practice, practice!
Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. ②______ “If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice,” says Katherine Rawson.
Test yourself
Scientist Nebel suggests. “③______ Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side of the card and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions,” she adds. “It will be of great help. ’’
④______
It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about Why do they matter Psychologists call this elaboration. It’s taking class material and asking a lot of how and why questions about it. This helps you combine new information with other things you know. And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another. ⑤______.
A. Dig deeper
B. Try your best
C. Of course, nothing can replace studying with your mother
D. The same should go for learning
E. That larger network makes it easier to learn more and deeper
F. Create a pack of cards every time you learn new information
G. But research shows it’s a bad idea to force all your studying into that day
3、 If you are a person who remains busy in work and pays no attention to your health and well-being, you may experience stress, depression, and anxiety. ①_____ According to a psychologist, true well-being comes with balance, constant growth and acceptance. Here are a few tested ways to improve your quality of life.
Deal with stress
Although it is difficult to avoid stress nowadays, it is definitely possible to deal with it. It is very important to learn to deal with stress in a smart way. ②_____ If your stress is unmanageable, note down the causes of stress as well as what actions you can take to improve your reaction, mood, and even situation.
Be social as much as you can
A man cannot stay healthy without interacting with other people. ③_____ If you have heard of laughter therapy, it also has the same purpose to reduce the stress when you laugh with other people. Everyone needs acceptance and friendship that is fulfilled only when you socialize with others.
Find and practice new hobbies
④_____ When you have an interest in some activities and enjoy doing them, you take healthy steps to improve your emotional well-being. It also keeps the work and daily life s pressure off your brain. Finding new hobbies is great for strengthening your brain and boost your mood.
Learn to live in the present
The biggest reason for experiencing depression and anxiety is when a person remains stuck in past events. Negative self-talking such as “why people did this to me” steals not only the happiness but makes the person miss opportunities that the present moment tries to offer.
⑤_____
A. Keep a positive attitude about future.
B. Hobby helps us keep busy and engaged.
C. For that, try to avoid the situations that cause stress.
D. Communicating with others lowers down the stress level.
E. Take a break from the robotic routine and pick healthy habits.
F. Staying happy and laughing more is essential for a quality life.
G. We should learn to enjoy the present life and try not to think too much about the future.
4、 Narcissists (自恋者) are people who are simply interested in themselves. They talk about themselves, demand admiration and recognition and believe everyone else should envy them. ①_______. When you come across a narcissistic person, your initial reaction might be shocks but in some cases the best reaction might be none at all.
Understand that narcissism is a personality disorder. ②_______. Often the person can’t help himself—he actually believes his idea of being superior to others. Remember that Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is classified as a mental illness.
③_______. A narcissist feeds off attention from others. When the person starts talking about himself excessively, the best thing to do is just walk away—leave the situation.
Have reasonable expectations about the person and his ability to stop being self-absorbed. This is not a disorder that goes away on its own—often the person will need intensive counseling to deal with his narcissism. Suggest counseling if you are in a close relationship with the person, such as a marriage. ④_______, his condition may improve with treatment
⑤_______. A narcissist can be a burden on his friends and family and will often put others down as a way of building himself up. It is important to have high confidence yourself, so that you do not start to believe and absorb what he says as if it is the truth.
A. Stay positive and strong-minded
B. Ignore the person whenever possible
C. Give him or her a hand whenever possible
D. While he may not be able to stop the behavior completely
E. Often it is rooted in childhood issues, such as abuse or neglect
F. When you are suffering from this kind of mental disorder occasionally
G. They might even lie or exaggerate (夸大) the truth as a way to lift themselves
5、 Specifically, citizen science is when the public voluntarily helps conduct scientific research. Citizen scientists may design experiments, collect data, analyze results, and solve problems. ①_____ These data help professional scientists and resource managers answer scientific questions and solve important problems. And the activity helps participants build meaningful connections to science.
Anyone can be a citizen scientist, regardless of where they're from. ②_____ All it takes is some time, curiosity, and a sense of wonder.
Why does the national parks support citizen science For two reasons—good management of parks, and good experiences for visitors.
③____ Sometimes the best way to get that information is through citizen science projects. For example, managers might need to know when certain kinds of plants bloom. Data on flower timing can help them know which butterflies need special protection. They might not have enough time to count all those flowers across the park. But hundreds of visitors hiking in the park can do.
Citizen science is also a way for visitors to enjoy and learn about science and their parks. ④_____ Citizen science helps the national parks fill that role. One of the best ways to learn science is to do science. And by doing science, people can appreciate their parks in new ways.
For most projects in national parks, it's the professional scientists and managers who decide what topic is important, how to study it, and how to use the results. The public—who may range from park visitors to student groups or local community members is invited, encouraged, and enabled to participate. ⑤_____
There are many citizen science park projects, and there will be more in the future.
A. They typically do so by collecting data.
B. In national parks, most citizen scientists collect data.
C.And these participants can use their own way to study.
D. It doesn't matter how old you are or what your background is.
E. There is a lot of information about the role of citizen scientists.
F. The national parks have a public education role and responsibility.
G. For good management, the parks use the best available scientific information.
6、 Fall is our favourite hiking season. It's not too hot. The bugs are gone. Solitude (无人居住的地方)is easier to find. But fall hiking has its own complications, especially when it comes to weather. ①______
Protect your feet. Pamper your feet, and they'll take you around the world. ②______ A pair of suede or synthetic shoes will offer great comfort, without a big “breaking in” process. They dry fast, and aren't tough on the wallet. If you’re going for longer treks (跋涉) then you’ll want footwear that offers support, comfort, weather resistance, and durability.
Backpacks. ③______ Size. Fora short hike, a daypack is best. It's light, practical, and big enough to carry the essentials (you're looking for something between 15 and 35 L). For longer hikes, look for a pack between 30-50 L with an integrated frame (to prevent the bag from putting too much pressure on your back and shoulders).
Stay hydrated (含水的). Yes, the heatwaves of summer are probably gone for the year, but packing enough water is vital in any season. ④______ For longer treks, consider a hydration reservoir, which can carry anywhere from 0. 5 to 10 L. No need to search in your pack for your water bottle; just enjoy a sip from the handy tube.
⑤______ Changeable fall can transform a sunny morning into a wet, cold afternoon. After a forest hike, the wind atop the lookout can bite. Dress in layers. If it’s warm, you can take a layer off to prevent sweating. If it's cool, you can add a layer back on. Softshells are easily packable and light. They keep wind and water off, and are easy to take on and off as needed. Dressing for your trek Check the forecast before hitting the trails.
A. Number one criterion
B. Keep warm and dry.
C. Like only cheep shoes
D. Just going short distances
E. Having enough water will keep you energetic.
F. Before heading out, check out this handy fall hiking checklist.
G. For shorter hikes, this might just mean filling up your favourite water bottle.
7、 All dogs can benefit from training throughout their lives. But where to begin the process Thus, we have consulted some experts on where to start. ①______.
Identify your training goals
②______. If you're interested in skill training, or basic manners, such as teaching your dog td sit, stay and lie down, that's the field of a dog trainer. If your dog has a behavior problem—anxiety: aggressiveness, fearfulness—then what you need is a dog behavioral consultant.
Decide how you’d like to train your dog
When it comes to training methods, you have a few options. Group classes are cheaper but less personalized, while customized classes with training facilities are more expensive and riskier. ③______. If you don’t want to pay a lot of money for dog trainings you can choose free or low-cost resources you can find online.
④______
Generally speaking, many trainers fall into two broad categories. The first is positive reinforcement(强化) trainers, which means giving your dog something good to train, The second is balanced trainers who are willing to make a series of corrections using positive reinforcement methods.
Be realistic
Your dog may bark at your guests, ⑤______ Since you can’t change a German shepherd’s genetic impulse (基因冲动)to protect its territory, you may need to change your expectations, instead.
A. Understand the methods
B. Make a detailed schedule
C. Here’s what they say about the issue
D. Usually there are two levels of dog training
E. The benefits of training dogs properly are as follows
F. Your choice will depend on your budget and your training goals
G. It might be a kind of dog to defend against people walking in your door
8、 Teaching kids how to take control of income and expenses is the key to financial success. Here are a few tips for helping teens understand the importance of money management.
●Family goal setting
Setting financial goals as a family can be a great way to solve a current money problem and involve the whole family in cutting back on spending. ①_______. They can also be large such as saving for a family vacation. The idea is to get children and parents to work together toward a common financial goal.
●②_______
Letting teens pay for goods or services will help them develop healthy financial habits. Balancing the family chequebook and understanding the household income and expenses will prepare teens for the future by learning important money management tools.
●Teen credit cards
If teens have credit cards, they should be responsible for paying the bills on their own. ③_______,but parents should set ground rules about acceptable purchases and a monthly limit. There should be a clear understanding that the cards will be taken away if the rules are broken.
●Teen jobs
When teens have jobs, it's important to discuss how that money will be spent. ④_______,like how much they will save and how much they should budget for entertainment. It’s also important for children to be responsible for their own money. Teens should have their own bank account and deposit and withdraw money on their own. This will give them a true sense of responsibility.
●Allowance
Parents can use allowances to help young children learn about the power of budgeting; Kids learn that they can spend their money weekly on small treats. ⑤_______.
A. Bill payment
B. Healthy habits
C. Parents should help children budget their money
D. Try to set large family financial goals one at a time
E. They can also save their dollars for a special larger purchase
F. Credit cards can be a good way to build teens' individual credit
G. Goals can be small such as paying off a small credit card balance
9、Host a Film Night
Cinemas sometimes are closed because of the corona-virus Pandemic but that doesn't mean you have to miss out on the magic of the movies. ①______ You could even make it a new family tradition.
First of all, talk to your family members about which days they think would work for a film night. If you want to make it a regular activity, take your thought into consideration when choosing a day. ②______ Or you could keep the first Wednesday evening of every month free. If you decide to start with a single film night, schedule it for a specific ay and leave time for excitement to build.
③______ Then, when it’s time for film night to begin, time is wasted because nobody in your family can agree on what to watch. Thus, if your film night is scheduled on a Friday, write down options and ask everyone to submit their choice by Wednesday. Review the options and then pick the film that most family members can agree on. If your film night is set to be a regular activity, then the decision making can be done in turn among family members. Ask them to write down the names of their selected films and put them into a box. ④______
Moreover, if you decide to do film nights regularly, picking a theme can be fun. Your theme could be films which were made before the year 2000, or films that feature your favorite actor or actress.
When the big night arrives, get your living room, or wherever you're watching the film, ready. ⑤______ Or put an air mattress down on the floor for extra comfort. Then you're ready to press PLAY.
A. Choose a film for the night in advance.
B. After all, the charm of movies should never be ignored.
C. You may decide that every Friday night works, for example.
D. Instead, why not dim the lights and have a film night at home
E. One common mistake people make is putting off choosing the film.
F. Add sleeping bags and pillows if you want to make the room more inviting.
G. Draw one out of the box every week to determine which film is to be picked.
10、The “Three Rs” of Environmental Protection
Last time you drank a soda in an aluminum can or water in a plastic bottle, what did you do with the can or bottle when you were finished Did you know both could be recycled To recycle something is to make it into something else. Pollution is the introduction of harmful chemicals into the environment that can hurt people and the earth. Pollutants can come from garbage that isn’t recycled. ①_______ These pollutants can make us and animals very sick. It is a big problem in our world today.
Is there something you can do about it There sure is. ②_______
First, reduce. Something simple like turning off the lights when you leave a room or turning off the water faucet while you brush your teeth can make a big difference. ③_______, and even using a cloth towel rather than a paper towel when you spill something in the kitchen can help our planet.
When you don’t want a toy you have anymore, don’t just throw it away. Find a friend who might want it. That is reusing. Clothes you have grown out of can be donated for others to wear. A plastic cup you drank out of can be cleaned and used to store small toys in your room. ④_______
⑤_______ Look on the bottom of plastic cups and containers. If you see a recyclable symbol, you can recycle the item. Newspapers, school papers, even glass jars and bottles can be recycled. Most neighborhoods have garbage trucks that just pick up recyclable items. Ask your parents if there is one in your area and use it.
We only have one planet to live on. Be someone who makes an effort to take care of it.
A. Garbage can be recycled and made into something new
B. Many of the items that are thrown away could be reused
C. Countless things can be recycled
D. Pollution affects living things other than animals
E. You can help by “reducing”, “reusing” and “recycling”
F. Pollution can also be caused by smoke and exhaust (废气) in the air and chemicals we put in the water
G. Walking or riding a bike rather than driving a car
参考答案
1、答案：BEGDC
解析：①根据上文“The first year of college is crucial in setting students up for success, laying a strong foundation for the rest of college and beyond. So how do you get through the first year (大学的第一年是为学生的成功奠定基础的关键,为大学以后的学习打下了坚实的基础。那你是怎么度过第一年的呢 )”结合后文具体说明了专家对度过大学第一年的建议,故B选项“以下是专家的建议”符合语境,故选B。
②根据上文“Going to college takes time and money. Simply going because everyone told you to—without a clear end-puts you more at risk of not getting your degree.(上大学需要时间和金钱。仅仅因为每个人都告诉你要去,而没有一个明确的目标,这将使你更有可能拿不到学位)”以及后文“Pick your classes wisely and map out your path. Some of this is really basic, for example, if you know you need 120 credits to graduate.明智地选择你的课程,规划你的道路。有些是非常基础的,例如,如果你知道你需要120个学分才能毕业)”可知,后文提到了要有明确的规划,可见大学要有计划,有时间安排。故E选项“你上大学是因为你有一个时间表”符合语境,故选E。
③根据上文“The staff member can be an adviser, a librarian, a financial aid officer, and even an admissions counselor. Anyone connected with the college who you can lean on to learn the ropes of the institution is OK. Having one strong connection with the adult staff can make you feel engaged and supported throughout the college.(工作人员可以是顾问、图书管理员、财务援助官员,甚至是招生顾问。任何与学校有关系的人都可以,你可以依靠他们了解学校的情况。与成年教员建立牢固的联系可以让你在整个大学过程中感受到参与和支持)”可知,上文说明了与成年教员建立联系的好处,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文继续说明其好处。故G选项“还能带来战略性的职业建议和人脉机会”符合语境,故选G。
④根据上文“So many students agree that office hours are terrifying. If you go to your professor's office and talk to him or her, you will be more likely to find that your professor is a modest person and you can become friends.(很多学生都认为办公时间很可怕。如果你去教授的办公室和他或她交谈,你会更有可能发现你的教授是一个谦虚的人,你们可以成为朋友)”以及后文“and ask what's on an upcoming exam. You may be able to get an extension on a paper. You can also talk about stuff that's unrelated to your class.(询问即将到来的考试内容。你可能会在一篇论文上获得延期。你也可以谈论与你的课程无关的东西)”可知,上文提到了和教授做朋友,后文则提到询问即将到来的考试内容,说明可以和教授谈论自己的事情。故D选项“你可以把你正在纠结的任务带来”符合语境,故选D。
⑤根据后文“College is full of opportunities to meet people. Start with your classes—work on assignments together or form a study group. Join clubs and organizations—let the organizational framework of those meetings ease the awkwardness of scheduling a first friend date.(大学里充满了结交朋友的机会。从你的课程开始—一起完成作业或组成一个学习小组。加入俱乐部和组织—让那些会议的组织框架缓解安排第一次朋友约会的尴尬”可知,本段的主旨主要关于大学交朋友,故C选项“找一群支持你的朋友”符合语境,故选C。
2、答案：①-⑤GDFAE
解析：①根据空格前一句“Nate Kornell, a psychologist at Williams College, thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test.”(威廉姆斯学院的心理学家内特 科内尔认为,在大考前一天学习是个好主意。),根据后句的instead体现出后文说明的是相反的做法,G选项(但研究表明,把你所有的学习都拖到那天是个坏主意),“but”—词表示句间逻辑的转折。故选G。
②根据空格前两句“Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills.”(音乐家们练习他们的乐器。运动员练习运动技能。),根据下文“If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice,” says Katherine Rawson.(如果你想记住信息,最好的办法就是练习。凯瑟琳 罗森说道)D选项(学习也是如此)符合题意,表明学习也需要练习。后文是对选项的解释。故选D。
③此句是引用Nebel说的话,她举例介绍用卡片复习,检测学习效果的一种方式。F选项(每次学习新信息时,创建卡片)符合要求。故选F。
④根据下文It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further。Push further就是dig deeper。
⑤根据前一句“And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another, she says.”(她说:“它在你的大脑中建立了一个更大的网络,把相互关联的事物联系起来。”)可知,选项承接上文说明更大的网络使的作用。E选项(那个更大的网络可以让你学到更多更深刻的知识。)中的that larger network的指代就非常明显,指代前一句中的a bigger network。故选E。
3、答案：①-⑤ECDBG
解析：①根据前文"If you are a person she remains busy in work and pays no attention to your health and well-being, you may experience stress, depression, and anxiety.(如果你是一个一直忙于工作而不关心你的健康和幸福的人，你可能会经历压力、抑郁和焦虑)"可知，如果一直忙于工作会导致压力、抑郁和焦虑，结合下文一些提高生活质量的方式推知，空处建议人们从繁忙的日常生活中找时间休息。E选项"Take a break from the robotic routine and pick healthy habits.(从机械的日常生活中休息一下，养成健康的习惯)"承接前文，强调在日常生活中要养成健康的习惯，符合语境。故选E。
②根据前文"It is very important to learn to deal with stress in a smart way.(学会用聪明的方式处理压力是非常重要的)"可知,此处强调的是用聪明的方式去处理压力。下文应该解释这种方式。C选项"For that, try to avoid the situations that cause stress.(因此，尽量避免那些会造成压力的情况) "与前文的in a smart way呼应。故选C。
③根据前文"A man cannot stay healthy without interacting with other people.(一个人如果不和别人交往就不可能保持健康)"可知，此处强调的是社交对于保持健康的重要性，即给保持健康带来的好处。D选项"Communicating with others lowers down the stress level.(与他人沟通可以降低压力水。)"强调的是与他人交流能够降低压力水平，与上文呼应。故选D。
④根据本段段旨"Find and practice new hobbies(发现并培养新的爱好)"可知,此处强调的是发现并培养新的爱好能够有助于缓解压力维持健康。B选项"Hobby helps us keep busy and engaged.(爱好帮助我们保持忙碌和投入)"与段旨呼应，强调爱好的作用。故选B。
⑤根据本段段旨"Learn to live in the present(学会活在当下)"可知，本段强调的是活在当下的重要性，即对未来不要考虑太多。G选项"We should learn to enjoy the present life and try not to think too much about the future.(我们应该学会享受现在的生活，尽量不要为将来想太多)"与段旨呼应，强调应该学会享受现在的生活，尽量不要为将来想太多，符合语境。故选G。
4、答案：GEBDA
解析：①上文“Narcissists are people who are simply interested in themselves. They talk about themselves, demand admiration and recognition and believe everyone else should envy them.(自恋者是指仅仅对自己感兴趣的人。他们谈论他们自己,要求别人的钦佩和认可,并相信其他人都应该嫉妒他们)”讲述了自恋者的一些表现,只对自己感兴趣,认为别人都应该嫉妒他,因此推断G项“他们甚至可能通过撒谎或夸大真相来提升自己”符合语境,与上文是并列关系,谈论自恋者的一些外在表现,故选G。
②上文“Understand that narcissism is a personality disorder.(要理解自恋是一种人格障碍)”讲述自恋是一种心理疾病,下文“Often the person can't help himself—he actually believes his idea of being superior to others.(通常这个人无法控制自己—他实际上相信自己比别人优越的想法)”分析这种心理疾病的根源,因此推断E项“它通常植根于童年时期的问题,如虐待或忽视符合语境,与下文是并列关系,分析自恋产生的根源,承上启下。故选E。
③根据下文提供的建议“A narcissist feeds off attention from others. When the person starts talking about himself excessively, the best thing to do is just walk away—leave the situation.(一个自恋者会吸引别人的注意力。当这个人开始过分地谈论自己时,最好的办法就是离开一离开这种情况)”,遇到自恋者谈论自己选择离开是最好的办法。因此推断B项“尽可能地忽略这个人”符合语境,面对自恋者时的最好解决办法是忽视他,离开这种情况。故选B。
④根据下文his condition may improve with treatment(他的病情可以通过治疗改善)可知,此处谈论如何阻止自恋的产生,空处是一个从句,D项“尽管可能无法完全阻止这种行为符合语境,与下文构成让步关系。”故选D。
⑤下文“It is important to have high confidence yourself, so that you do not start to believe and absorb what he says as if it is the truth.自己有很高的自信是重要的,以便于你不会开始相信和理解他说的似乎是事实)建议你要积极自信。因此推断A项“保持乐观和意志坚强”符合语境。故选A。
5、答案：BDGFA
解析：①根据前文“Citizen scientists may design experiments, collect data, analyze results, and solve problems.(公民科学家可以设计实验,收集数据,分析结果并解决问题。)”和后文“These data help professional scientists and resource managers answer scientific questions and solve important problems.(这些数据帮助专业科学家和资源经理回答科学问题并解决重要问题。)”可知,横线处的内容起承上启下的作用,要提到data。B选项“在国家公园,大多数公民科学家收集数据。”collect data符合语境。故选B。
②根据前文“Anyone can be a citizen scientist, regardless of where they're from.(任何人都可以成为公民科学家,无论他们来自哪里。)”中提到任何人都可以成为公民科学家,和下文“All it takes is some time, curiosity, and a sense of wonder.(所需要的只是一些时间,好奇心和惊奇感。)”可知,横线处的句子要承上启下,因此判断D选项“这与你的年龄和背景无关。”可以承接上文,引出下文。故选D。
③根据第三段“Why does the national parks support citizen science For two reasons—good management of parks, and good experiences for visitors.(为什么国家公园支持公民科学 原因有二—公园的良好管理,以及为游客提供良好的体验。)”可知,国家公园使用公民科学家的两个原因分别是:公园完善的管理和游客良好的体现。且第五段提及了第二个原因“Citizen science is also a way for visitors to enjoy and learn about science and their parks.(公民科学也是游客享受和了解科学及其公园的一种方式。)”,由此推断第四段开头是第一个原因,横线处要填选项与公园管理有关。G选项“为了更好的管理,公园使用最好的可用科学信息”符合语境。故选G。
④根据后文“Citizen science helps the national parks fill that role. One of the best ways to learn science is to do science.(公民科学帮助国家公园填补了这一角色。学习科学的最好方法之一就是做科学。)”判断横线处应该和国家公园的任务、角色有关,由此推断F选项“国家公园具有公共教育的作用和责任。”符合语境。故选F。
⑤由前句“The public—who may range from park visitors to student groups or local community members is invited, encouraged, and enabled to participate.(公众,从公园游客到学生团体或当地社区成员,被邀请,鼓励和启用参与。)”提到公众被鼓励去参与科学项目,后面应该提到他们如何参加,由此推断A选项“他们通常通过收集数据来做到这一点。”可以承接上文。故选A。
6、答案：①-⑤FDAGB
解析：①推理判断题。根据上文But fall hiking has its own complications, especially when it comes to weather.(但秋季徒步旅行有其复杂性,尤其是在天气方面。)可知,接下来,文章要提出这些复杂性是什么,要如何应对。选项F.Before heading out, check out this handy fall hiking checklist.(出发之前,看看这个便捷的秋季徒步旅行清单。)和上文意思连贯,符合语境。故选F。
②细节理解题。根据上文Protect your feet.(保护你的脚。)和下文If you're going for longer treks (跋涉), then you'll want footwear that offers support, comfort, weather resistance, and durability.(如果你想要长途跋涉,那么你需要一双能提供支撑性,舒适性,耐候性和耐用性的鞋子。)可知,这一段作者建议徒步旅行时要保护好脚,并介绍具体的保护措施。选项D.Just going short distances (仅仅是短距离旅行就可以吗 )用疑问句的形式排除了一种不完美的保护脚的方法,空格下文提出了更好的保护脚的方法：一双完美的鞋子。选项D和上下文意思连贯,符合语境。故选D。
③细节理解题。根据下文Size(尺寸)可知,这里提到对背包的要求。选项A.Number one criterion (第一准则 )先对背包提出了最重要的要求,和下文意思一致。故选A。
④推理判断题。根据上文Stay hydrated(保持水分。)和下文For longer treks, consider a hydration reservoir, which can carry anywhere from 0.5 to 10 L.(对于长途跋涉,考虑一个不管去哪都可以携带0.5到10公升的补充水分的储备工具。)可知,这一段提出徒步旅行时要带充足的水。选项G.For shorter hikes, this might just mean filling up your favourite water bottle.(对于教短途的远足,这可能意味着装满你最喜欢的水瓶。)和上下文意思一致,符合语境。故选G。
⑤推理判断题。根据下文They keep wind and water off, and are easy to take on and off as needed.(它们可以挡风挡水,而且可以根据需要方便地开启和关闭。)可知,这一段说的是徒步旅行时的保暖和干的问题。选项B.Keep warm and dry.(保持暖和和干燥。)和下文意思一致,符合语境。故选B。
7、答案：①-⑤CDFAG
解析：①上文提到就训练狗的问题咨询了专家,下文介绍了专家答复的几条建议,故选C项。
②下文讲述了两种不同层次的目标,D项作为段首句概括本段,符合语境。
③上文讲到了训狗培训班和私人订制两种训练方式的区别,F项“你的选择取决于预算和目标”符合语境。
④归纳本段的主旨大意,A项“理解训狗的方法”符合语境。
⑤根据上文“你的狗可能会对客人叫”可知,G项“它可能是防御人们进入你家的那种狗”符合语境。
8、答案：①-⑤GAFCE
解析：①G项“设定的目标可以很小,比如还清一小笔信用卡欠款”承接上文,引出下文“它们可以很大,比如为家庭度假存钱”。
②根据下文中的“pay for goods or services”和“chequebook”可知,A项“账单支付”是本段的最佳小标题。
③F项“信用卡是建立青少年个人信用的好方法”与下文“但父母应该制订基本规则,规定可接受的 购买范围和每月的限额”是转折关系。
④根据下文“比如他们会存多少钱,他们应该为娱乐留多少预算”可知,C项“父母应该帮助孩子做预算”符合语境。
⑤E项“他们还可以省下钱来购买特定的更大花销的(东西)”承接上文“孩子们知道他们可以每周把钱花在小乐趣上”。
9、答案：①-⑤DCEGF
解析：①从设空处前一句“that doesn’t mean you have to miss out on the magic of the movies”和后一句“You could even make it a new family tradition.”可以推断出所填句子应该起到很好的承接作用,引出一种“能成为新的家庭传统的享受电影魅力的方式”。故选D项。
②根据设空处后一句“Or you could keep the first Wednesday evening of every month free.”可知,此处应为举例子表达film night的不同选择,和“Or...”构成并列和选择的关系。故选C项。
③根据设空处后一句“Then, when it’s time for film night to begin, time is wasted because nobody in your family can agree on what to watch.”可以推断,前一句讲述的应该是因为没有提前确定电影而引起时间被 浪费。故选E项。
④根据设空前一句可知,家庭成员将会写好各自挑选的电影名并放在一个盒子里,然后每周再提前从盒子里抽取本周电影)故选G项。
⑤最后一段讲述的是电影之夜来临时如何做好准备)设空处后一句提到“Or put an air mattress down on the floor for extra comfort.”由此可知设空处所填的应该是让环境更为舒适的举措)故选F项。
10、答案：①-⑤FEGBC
解析：①设空位于段中。根据设空处上文中的“Pollutants can come from garbage that isn’t recycled.”(污染物可以来源于没有被回收的垃圾)；再根据设空处下文中的“These pollutants can make us and animals very sick.”(这些污染物会使人类和动物生重病)；且根据文中句式及运用上下文所重现的关键词,结合选项推断,与此相吻合的为F项。故正确答案为 F 项。
②设空处位于段尾。根据设空处上句“Is there something you can do about it There sure is.”的设问及简答, 再根据设空处下文三段分述的内容可知, 该句应为“You can help by ‘reducing’ ‘reusing’ and ‘recycling’.”(你可以通过“节约”“再利用”和“回
收”来帮助我们的地球。)此句对下文起到了提纲挈领的作用。故正确答案为E项。
③设空位于段中。根据设空处下文中的“and even using a cloth towel rather than a paper towel when you spill something in the kitchen can help our planet”可推测,设空处应为与“and”并列的ing形式作为“can help our planet”的主语。结合选项Walking or riding a bike rather than driving a car的结构可推知,与此相吻合的为G项,故正确答案为G项。
④设空位于段尾。根据本段分述的主要内容为“Reusing”。选项“Many of the items that are thrown away could be reused”中“reused”与上文中的“reusing, used”有用词上的关联,“Clothes..., A plastic cup...”与“items”相照应。故正确答案为B项。
⑤ C 设空处位于段首。根据本段分述的主要内容“recycling”可知,备选答案“Countless things can be recycled”为主旨句最为贴切。故正确答案为C项。本题容易误选A。