天津市和平区(2019-2023)五年高考英语模拟试题分题型分层汇编-01单词辨析(名词词义辨析含答案)

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名称 天津市和平区(2019-2023)五年高考英语模拟试题分题型分层汇编-01单词辨析(名词词义辨析含答案)
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更新时间 2023-03-20 17:34:09

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天津市和平区(2019-2023)五年高考英语模拟试题分题型分层汇编-01单词辨析(名词词义辨析)
一、单项选择
1.(2023·天津和平·统考一模)Having the courage to be disliked does not mean that you can use your weaknesses as an ________ for not improving yourself.
A.capacity B.excuse C.passion D.demand
2.(2022·天津和平·统考三模)He made it clear to his parents that he was going into town with the ________ of visiting the library and borrowing some books.
A.service B.intention C.doubt D.brief
3.(2022·天津·天津市新华中学校考模拟预测)Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this ______ out of the long-existing discrimination.
A.concept B.assessment C.identity D.personality
4.(2022·天津和平·统考一模)We’ve always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional ________.
A.interest B.attitude C.competence D.reputation
5.(2021·天津和平·耀华中学校考一模)The new law makes no ________ between adults and children, so everyone is treated equally.
A.distinction B.comparison C.assumption D.division
6.(2021·天津和平·统考三模)—Will you take my previous experience into________ when you fix my salary
—You bet. We always do for senior-level positions.
A.mind B.thought C.reference D.account
7.(2021·天津和平·统考二模)The trip aims to provide the children with a________ of the countryside first-hand.
A.taste B.reach C.touch D.load
8.(2021·天津和平·统考一模)Under no ________ should passengers leave the underground platform and get on the tracks.
A.circumstances B.situations C.occasions D.cases
9.(2020·天津和平·耀华中学校考一模)Some of the language used on the Internet is different from that used in other forms of ____________________.
A.communication B.exchange C.literature D.transport
10.(2020·天津和平·统考三模)—Have you finished that long article written by the famous scientist
—No, I used up my ______. It’s too long and I only stopped halfway.
A.determination B.devotion C.patience D.strength
11.(2020·天津和平·统考二模)I'm never going to guess the answer if you don't give me a _______.
A.relief B.clue C.route D.preview
12.(2020·天津和平·统考一模)The harmful effects that smog can have on people's health are one of the top ______ of those who live in some cities.
A.concerns B.conflicts
C.characters D.charges
13.(2019·天津和平·校联考二模)Every time you enter the subway station, you must have the ______ of your bag checked to make sure you aren't carrying any illegal things.
A.spots B.contents
C.qualities D.entrances
14.(2019·天津和平·统考三模)Working hard is not a __________ of great success, but it is among the essential requirements.
A.sign B.signal
C.guarantee D.mark
15.(2019·天津和平·校联考一模)The government placed _____ on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.
A.limitations B.administration
C.requirements D.restrictions
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参考答案:
1.B
【详解】考查名词。句意:有不被人喜欢的勇气,并不意味着你可以把自己的弱点作为不提高自己的借口。A. capacity能力;B. excuse借口;C. passion热情;D. demand命令。结合句意可知,能接受自己不被人喜欢并不能作为借口。故选B项。
2.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向父母明确表示,他进城的目的是去图书馆借书。A. service服务;B. intention目的;C. doubt怀疑;D. brief指示,摘要。根据“visiting the library and borrowing some books”可知,此处是指进城的目的,intention符合题意,with the intension of“抱有……的目的”。故选B。
3.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵制这个身份。A. concept观念;B. assessment评估,评价;C. identity身份;D. personality个性,品格。根据空前“Male nurses are difficult to hire”及空后“out of the long-existing discrimination”可知,很多男性抵制男护士这个身份。故选C项。
4.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们一直认为Smith博士为人正直,专业能力强。A. interest兴趣;B. attitude态度;C. competence能力;D. reputation声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知,Smith博士专业能力强。故选C项。
5.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:新法律对成人和儿童一视同仁,所以每个人都被平等对待。A.distinction区别,差别;B.comparison比照,对比;C.assumption假定,设想;D.division分配。由语意可知,每个人都被平等对待,说明新法律对成人和儿童一视同仁。故选A项。
6.D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你确定我的薪水时,会把我以前的工作经验考虑进去吗?——当然。对于高级职位我们总是这样做的。A. mind思维;B. thought想法;C. reference参考;D. account描述,账户。根据句意及常识可知,此处是固定短语take…into account“将……考虑在内”,意为“将我以前的工作经验考虑在内”。故选D。
7.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这次旅行的目的是让孩子们亲身体验乡村生活。A. taste体验;B. reach到达;C. touch接触;D. load负荷。根据“the countryside first-hand.”可知,让孩子亲身体验乡村生活。故选A。
8.A
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:在任何情况下,乘客都不应离开地下站台上轨道。under no circumstance为固定搭配,意为“在任何情况下”。结合句意,故选A项。
9.A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:互联网上使用的一些语言不同于其他形式的交流。A. communication交流;B. exchange交换;C. literature文学;D. transport运输。由Some of the language used on the Internet 可知,此处指互联网上的语言交流方式,它与其他形式的交流不一样,communication符合句意。故选A项。
10.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你看完了著名科学家写的那篇长文了吗?——不,我的耐心已经用光了。太长了,我看到一半就停了下来了。A. determination决心;B. devotion奉献;C. patience耐心;D. strength力量。结合后文It’s too long and I only stopped halfway.可知文章太长,用光了耐心(patience)。故选C。
11.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你不给我提示,我绝对猜不到答案。A. relief 释放;B. clue 提示、线索;C. route 路线;D. preview预演。根据语境,空白处表示“提示”,give a clue意为“给提示”,呼应guess the answer。故选B。
12.A
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意:雾霾对人们健康的危害是一些城市居民最关心的问题之一。A. concerns关心的事、担心;B. conflicts冲突;C. characters性格;D. charges费用。根据“The harmful effects that smog can have on people's health”可知此处表示“关心的事”,故A项正确。
13.B
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意:每次你进入地铁站,你包里的东西必须被检查,以确保你没有携带任何非法的东西。A. spots地点;B. content东西;C. qualities品质;D. entrances入口,根据题意,故选B。
14.C
【详解】考查名词。A. sign 标志,迹象;B. signal 信号;C. guarantee保证;D. mark符号。句意:努力工作不是取得巨大成功的保证,但它是必不可少的条件之一。故选C。
15.D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:政府限制进口车的数量。A. limitations局限性;B. administration管理;C. requirements要求;D. restrictions限制。本句为短语place restrictions on 限制,故选D。limitation作为限制意思时,为不可数名词,故不选A。故答案为D。
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