2023届高考英语二轮语法复习:专题08-时态语态、虚拟语气(含答案)

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名称 2023届高考英语二轮语法复习:专题08-时态语态、虚拟语气(含答案)
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更新时间 2023-03-20 20:38:24

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冲刺2023年高考每天100道语法小题限时狂练
08-时态语态、虚拟语气
一、单句改错
1.When first introducing to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
2.Looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possibly.
3.One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
4.I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time when Brian gets back.
5.A number of high buildings have arisen in where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
6.I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times so much.
7.I hurried to the spot at the moment I heard the news.
8.While time goes by, we’ll be older and older.
9.The first time when I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and other animals.
10.When they will return from the US, we’ll give them a warm welcome.
11.So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not causing air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities.
12.They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, whenever in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.
13.A new cinema is built here. They hope to finish it next month.
14.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.
15.Large quantities of money have spent in searching for a cure for this terrible disease so far.
16.I read half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.
17.I wonder if it will snow tomorrow. If it snow tomorrow, I will go skiing.
18.As we all know, the Olympic Games held every four years.
19.You are always surf the net! Why not finish your homework first
20.This is the first time I visited your hometown, so I know little about it.
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
21.Jack _______ to the view that children benefit from being independent. He is not the only one to hold the _________. For most _______, children will leave their parents and have their own life someday, so it is apparent that Jack’s thought can be _______to. (subscribe)
22.Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world ________ substantially.(decrease)
23.The fact that no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera ________ John Snow. (frustrate)
24.It __________(be) two years since he smoked.
25.As is reported,it is 100 years since Qinghua University __________(found).
26.Apple fans are ________(queue) outside the store to buy the new Apple iPhone 6 which will be on sale tomorrow.
27.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53%) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46%) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime __________ we eating together, 74%, according to statistics from the report.
28.I ____ go to the station to meet her but I didn’t see her.
29.In the recent years, sea erosion has led to many turtles' nest being damaged or destroyed. Also, some fierce animals such as dogs and birds _______ (reduce) the number of nesting turtles. And of course man has also had a negative impact by using engine-powered fishing boats near the turtles' nesting grounds.
30.Apparently,the most depressing day of the year is the third Monday in January, when it’s cold and dark outside. This day ______ (nickname) ‘Blue Monday’ by psychologist Cliff Arnall in 2004.
31.So far, the researchers _________ (demonstrate) stem cell therapy in preclinical lab tests. Tsuji said they were looking for outside collaborators to help develop clinical applications for the new hair growth technology.
32.More expressways __________ (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
33.The discovery has caused huge excitement among historians, as it provides firm evidence about a ruler whose life ______ (shadow), in spite of official records, by rumors (谣言) concerning his cold blood since his death at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485.
34.Personally, I don’t think pop-ups are a passing trend. From what we _______ (learn) from our customers so far, they are always looking for unique products and experiences, exactly something that pop-up shops can offer.
35.S&A is starting to do police work. Earlier this summer, 90 employees __________(hire) to guard its doors and check receipts.
36.They ______________(work) on the program for almost one week before I joined them,and now we ____________(work) on it as no good results have come out so far.
37.Jason set up a plan that in five years he ________ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country.
38.At the very cafes customers can ask whether there are any suspended coffees available, and if so, they __________ (supply) with a beverage, thanks to the kindness of a stranger.
39.This five-year goal gave him a starting point from which to work backwards... ...By setting this goal, all of Jason's efforts ________ (point) in the same direction. He showed up at different art show openings,....
40.The old scientist used to say that knowledge ______(come) from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.
41.A comprehensive study of 4,500 children conducted by the National Institutes of Health in 2018 shows that children who spent more than seven hours a day staring at screens showed evidence of premature thinning of their brain’s cortex—the outer layer that processes sensory information. “We don’t know if it ______ (cause) by the screen time. ”
42.The females: never visit the nest again to take care of the eggs that _____ (deposit) in the warm sand.
43.Sooner or later those dishonest people __________ (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are truly free.
44.An organization called Campus Cosmic Ray Observation Collaboration _______ (establish) in September 2020 to promote the idea. Zhang, head of the organization, said they plan to build more stations on school campuses across China.
45.For young people, it was the first time that they _____ (experience) something big, a worry that they shared with their families, friends and neighbors, and a suffering being endured at this moment and to be endured next few weeks.
46.The area in which Town of Ask ________(locate) is known to have a lot of quick clay, which can change from solid to liquid from. Previous landslides have been reported in the region.
47.Christmas is the most important festival in the western world. It ______ (fall) on December 25.
48.—I guess you might have missed the train to San Francisco.
—Well, I almost ______.
49.Between the two buildings ____ (stand) our libraries.
50.South of the river _____ (lie) a small factory.
51.Look, such beautiful flowers ____ (be) the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room.
52.But for the fact that George ______ (not pass) the exam, he would have driven his car to our college yesterday.
53.It is often recommended that children ______(offer) chances to get close to nature.
54.I wish I_______(take) your advice last time, and then I wouldn't have been blamed by others.
55.If I ______ (see) the film, I would have told you about it.
56.The artist was sure he would _______ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River — perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
57.Every possible means __________ (use) to prevent the air pollution.
58.The famous musician, as well as his students, _____ (be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony last year.
59.—What a terrible collision accident!
—Judging from the scene, personally, it is one or two car drivers, rather than the truck driver, who ___(be) to blame.
60.Each girl and each boy _____ (want) to attend that lecture.
61.This glass works _____ (be) set up in the 1960s.
62.The minister stressed that under no circumstances ____ (be) the disabled to be looked down upon.
63.When it comes to this question, not only you but also she _____ (turn) out to be wrong.
64.We each have strong points and each of us, on the other hand, _____ (have) weak points.
65.The number of the students who took part in the military training _____ (be) 450.
66.About two thirds of the population of that country_______ (live) on farms.
67.Healthy eating along with regular exercise ______ (be) important for your health.
68.A poet and artist ______ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
69.I have finished a large part of the book; the rest ______ (be) more difficult.
70.As is known to us all, English books of this kind_______ (sell) well in middle schools.
71.Hurry up! We must get there before the sun _____ (set).
72.Around Christmas time there _____ (be) only one hour of daylight in Sweden.
73.But Cobb and others ________(be)now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely.
74.The GPNP ________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems”.
75.The Greens have lived in China ______ three years.
76.We ________(leave) when it begins to rain.
77.But Cobb and others ________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________ (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
78.Since April drinks companies __________(force) to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
79.My car________ (repair) so I can’t lend it to you.
80.I _______ (read) the book you lent me but I haven’t finished it yet.
81.The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950________(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050.
82.Don’t call Mr. Wang at nine tomorrow. He________(listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance examination.
83.The symptoms of COVID-19 _______ (be) similar to what those people experienced when suffering from the flu.
84.Who do you suggest _________(send) to work on the farm
85.I suggest (that) we _________(go) out to eat.
86.His suggestion is that we ________ (go) to watch the football match.
87.Finally, I suggest we ________(have) more English activities, such as English contests and festivals.
88.It’s about time that he _________(go) to bed.
89.It is necessary that we ________ (master) at least one foreign language.
90.If only I __________(fly) like a bird.
91.He has a desire that his books _________ (reach) as many as possible.
92.Maybe if I__________ (study) science, and not, literature then, I__________ (be) able to give you more help.
93.If I __________ (be) you, I__________ (teach) him a good lesson.
94.If he__________(come) a few minutes earlier, he__________(meet) me.
95.He looked as if he _____ (know) something about it.
96.It is appropriate that he _____ (make) an apology to us.
97.But for your timely help, we ______(lose) the match yesterday.
98.I couldn’t________ (go) through the hard times but for my teacher’s generous and timely help.
99.Wright said that the study suggests people __________ prioritize sleep, cutting out the optional “sleep stealers”, such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic devices.
100.I was ill that day, otherwise I would ________ (take) part in the sports meet.
参考答案:
1.introducing →introduced 2.possibly →possible 3.where →when 4.when →before 5.去掉in 6.so →as 7.去掉at 8.While →As 9.去掉when 10.去掉will
【解析】1.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些产品一推出市场就大获成功。when引导时间状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词be都可以省略。主语these products与introduce之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。故将introducing改为introduced。
2.考查形容词。句意:期待尽快收到您的回复。as soon as possible尽可能。故将possibly改为possible。
3.考查定语从句。句意:当我还在上小学的时候,一天下午,我走过学校的操场。句中先行词为One afternoon,在定语从句中作时间状语,所以用关系副词when引导。故将where改为when。
4.考查连词。句意:很抱歉让你等了这么久,但Brian还需要一段时间才能回来。 It will be+时间+ before 表示“还有多长时间”或“要过多久才”。故将when改为before。
5.考查状语从句。句意:在一年前还只有一片废墟的地方,现在出现了许多高楼大厦。结合句意可知,本句为where引导地点状语从句,表示“在……地方”,介词in多余。故去掉in。
6.考查倍数表达。句意:我喜欢这件夹克胜过那件,但它的价钱几乎是那件的三倍。倍数+as 形容词/副词原级+as…,这里是一个省略形式:it costs almost three times as much as that one。故将so改为as。
7.考查连词。句意:我一听到消息就急忙赶到了现场。the moment一……就……,为连词短语,介词at多余。故去掉at。
8.考查连词。句意:随着时间的流逝,我们会越来越老。本句由as引导时间状语从句,as作“随着”之意。故将While改为As。
9.考查连词。句意:我第一次去的时候,他们住在一个小房子里,家里有狗、鸭子和其他动物。The first time第一次,为连词短语,连词when多余。故去掉when。
10.考查时态。句意:当他们从美国回来时,我们将热烈欢迎他们。连词when引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替将来时。故去掉will。
11.删除been 12.kept→keep 13.在built前加being 14.using→used 15.在have后加been 16.在read前加have 17.第二个snow→snows 18.在held前加are 19.surf→surfing 20.在visited前加have
【解析】11.考查语态。句意:所以它们不会产生二氧化碳,也不会造成空气污染。看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市。cars和take over为主谓关系,所以此句应为主动语态,所以谓语动词为have taken over。故删掉been。
12.考查时态。句意:他们不与人来往。在我看来,无论何时遇到麻烦,我们都应该向我们最信任的人寻求帮助。结合语境及下文可知句子应用一般现在时。故将kept改为keep。
13.考查时态语态。句意:这里正在建一个新的电影院。他们希望下月完成。根据“They hope to finish it next month”可知电影院正在建,应该用现在进行时态,主语为“A new cinema”与build之间是被动关系,所以用现在进行时的被动语态,所以谓语应为is being built。故built前加being。
14.考查语态。句意:他每天都确保用新鲜的蔬菜和优质的油来做饭。make sure后的宾语从句用一般现在时;此句中that引导的宾语从句的主语是fresh vegetables and high quality oil 和use之间为被动关系,故此句谓语动词用一般现在时的被动语态are used。故将using改为used。
15.考查语态。句意:到目前为止,已经花了大量的钱来寻找治疗这种可怕疾病的方法。根据so far可知句子用现在完成时态,句子主语Large quantities of money和谓语动词spend之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时态的被动语态,故在have后加been。
16.考查时态。句意:我已经看完了这本英文小说的一半,周末会尽力把它看完。此题中and后所连接的并列句“I’ll try to finish it at theweekend.”当中,谓语动词的时态是一般将来时,and之前的并列句表达的动作应该是从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的完成情况。“读小说”这一动作从过去开始“读”,到目前为止,“读完了一半”强调对现在的影响,因此谓语动词用现在完成时have read。故在read前加have。
17.考查主谓一致。句意:我想知道明天是否下雪。如果明天下雪,我将去滑雪。“If it snow tomorrow, I will go skiing.”中 if引导条件状语从句,从句主语是it,谓语动词用单数,故将第二个snow改为snows。
18.考查时态语态。句意:众所周知,奥运会每四年举行一次。此句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时, the Olympic Games做主语谓语动词用复数,且主语与hold“举行” 之间是被动关系,所以此句谓语动词用一般现在时的被动语态are held。故在held前加are。
19.考查时态,句意:你总是上网!为什么不先完成作业?根据句意可知此句表达目前一段时间总是在做某事,根据后句“Why not finish your homework first ”可知说话人对总是上网很不满。always表示“总是”、“老是”带有一定的感彩,如赞许、不快、厌恶等时与现在进行时连用。所以应为You are always surfing the net! 故将surf改为surfing。
20.考查时态。句意:这是我第一次参观你的家乡,所以我对它知之甚少。固定句型It/This is the first time+ (that) ...中,从句用现在完成时。此句中从句主语是I,所以谓语动词为have visited。故在visited前加have。
21. subscribes subscription subscribers subscribed
【详解】1.考查动词及时态。句意:杰克赞同孩子们从独立中受益的这个观点。设空处为句子的谓语动词,表客观事实,谓语动词用一般现在时,主语为Jack,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式subscribes,动词短语subscribe to意为“同意”。故填subscribes。
2.考查名词。句意:他不是唯一一个持有认购协议的人。hold后接名词,根据句意,设空处应用subscription,意为“捐赠协议,认捐书,认购(协议)”,作hold的宾语。故填subscription。
3.考查名词。句意:对于大多数用户来说,孩子总有一天会离开父母,拥有自己的生活,所以很明显,杰克的思想是可以被赞同的。介词For后接名词,此处应表人,应用名词subscriber,意为“订阅人,消费者,用户”,为可数名词,空前无不定冠词,故应用名词复数形式。故填subscribers。
4.考查动词、语态。句意:对于大多数用户来说,孩子总有一天会离开父母,拥有自己的生活,所以很明显,杰克的思想是可以被赞同的。动词短语subscribe to意为“同意”,subscribe to与逻辑主语Jack’s thought之间为动宾关系,应用被动结构,情态动词can后接be+动词过去分词。故填subscribed。
22.decreased
【详解】考查动词。句意:通过斯诺的不懈努力,自来水公司开始销售清洁水,全球霍乱的威胁大幅减少。分析句子结构可知,此处应为谓语动词,根据and可知,其前后的句子为并列句,and前的句子谓语是began,为一般过去时态,所以该空应使用一般过去时态,且与主语之间为主动关系。故填decreased。
23.frustrated
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:没有人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱,这让约翰·斯诺很沮丧。分析句子可知,提示词是主句谓语动词,与主语“The fact”之间是主动关系,结合同位语从句“that no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera ”中时态可知,讲述过去的事情,主句也应用一般过去时态。故填frustrated。
24.has been## is
【详解】考查一般现在时,现在完成时。句意:他戒烟已有两年了。根据所给句子分析可知,since引导时间状语从句表示“自从”,因此主句谓语表示自从“smoked”这个动作发生以来,主语谓语一直持续到现在,因此主句谓语需使用it is或has been+一段时间。故填has been或is。
25.was founded
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:据报道,清华大学建校100年了。根据所给句子可知,“Qinghua University”建于100年前,因此since从句需使用一般过去时,主语“Qinghua University”与动词found是被动关系,因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was founded。故填was founded。
26.queuing
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:苹果粉们在店外排队购买明天即将发售的新款苹果iPhone 6。queue意为“排队(等候)”,根据后半句的定语从句which will be on sale tomorrow可知,苹果粉们今天就在排队了,根据空前的are,本句的谓语用现在进行时,设空处应用现在分词queuing。故填queuing。
27.are
【详解】考查动词时态和部分倒装。句意:一项新的报告发现,在美国46%的人是独自一人用餐。超过一半(53%)的人独自吃早餐和近一半(46%)的人独自吃午餐。根据报告的统计数据,只有在晚餐时间74%的人们将会一起吃饭。分析句子结构可知,Only at dinnertime置于句首,要采用部分倒装,空格处需要填be的某种形式和eating共同构成现在进行时(表将来),主语we是复数名词,谓语动词应填are。故填are。
28.did
【详解】考查强调谓语结构和时态。句意:我确实去车站接她了,但我没看见她。由句意知此处为对谓语动词短语go to the station的强调,需借助于助动词do,由but I didn’t see her可知动作发生在过去,一般过去时,应用助动词did。故填did。
29.have reduced
【详解】考查现在完成时。句意:近年来,海水侵蚀导致许多海龟的巢穴被破坏或摧毁。此外,一些凶猛的动物,如狗和鸟类,也减少了筑巢海龟的数量。当然,人类在海龟筑巢地附近使用发动机驱动的渔船也产生了负面影响。句中in the recent years意为“近年来”,为现在完成时时间标志。故填have reduced。
30.was nicknamed
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:显然,一年中最令人沮丧的日子是一月的第三个星期一,这天外面又冷又黑。2004年,心理学家Cliff Arnall将这一天戏称为“忧郁星期一”。根据后文in 2004可知用一般过去时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为This day,谓语动词用单数。故填was nicknamed。
31.have demonstrated
【详解】考查动词。句意:到目前为止,研究人员已经在临床前实验室测试中证明了干细胞疗法。Tsuji说,他们正在寻找外部合作者来帮助开发这种新的毛发生长技术的临床应用。分析句子,设空处应该使用动词作谓语,句中so far意为“到目前为止”为现在完成时时间标志。故填have demonstrated。
32.will be built
【详解】考查动词。句意:四川不久将修建更多的高速公路,以促进当地经济。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句中soon意为“不久”,表示将来发生的动作,故使用一般将来时。同时more expressways与build之间是被动关系,故使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be built。
33.has been shadowed
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:这一发现在历史学家中引起了巨大的轰动,因为它为这位统治者的生活提供了确凿的证据,尽管有官方记录,但自从1485年他死于博斯沃思战役后,有关他冷血的谣言一直笼罩着他的生活。分析句子可知,whose引导的定语从句缺谓语动词,结合时间状语“since his death at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485”可知,应是现在完成时,且动词“shadow(在……上投下或覆盖阴影)”与主语“whose life”之间为被动关系,应是现在完成时被动结构:have/has been done,且主语“whose life”为第三人称单数。故填has been shadowed。
34.have learned
【详解】考查动词。句意:就我个人而言,我不认为弹出窗口是一种过时的趋势。从目前为止我们从客户那里了解到的情况来看,他们总是在寻找独特的产品和体验,这正是弹出式商店所能提供的。故填have learned。
35.were hired
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:今年夏天早些时候,90名员工被雇佣守卫其大门并检查收据。hire与主语 employees 为被动关系,故用被动语态,陈述过去事情,故用一般过去时被动语态,谓语用复数。故填were hired。
36. had been working are working
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意:在我加入这个项目之前,他们已经做了差不多一个星期了,现在我们正在做,因为到目前为止还没有什么好的结果。分析句子可知and前后的两个分句都缺谓语,所以两处都填谓语动词。第一空根据时间状语before I joined them,可知表示在过去某个时间之前一直进行的动作,用过去完成进行had been working;第二空表是现在正在进行,用现在进行时are working。故分别填had been working和are working。
37.would show
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:他给自己设定了一个目标,用五年的时间,他要让他自己的作品在全国顶尖艺术馆里被展出。分析句子可知,本句缺乏谓语,show与he为主谓关系,故用主动语态,由于陈述过去的计划和打算,故用过去将来时,故填would show。
38.are supplied##will be supplied
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:正是在这些咖啡馆里,顾客可以问是否有待用咖啡,如果有,他们会被提供一杯饮料,这要感谢一个陌生人的好意。空前的主语they指代customers,和谓语动词supply之间是被动关系,所以应用被动语态,此处可使用一般现在时或一般将来时,主语they是复数人称代词,故填are supplied或will be supplied。
39.pointed
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:这个五年的目标给了他一个起点,从这个起点开始向后工作……通过设定这个目标,Jason所有的努力都指向了同一个方向。他出现在不同的艺术展开幕式上……分析句子可知,本句缺乏谓语,根据前后文的谓语动词gave和showed up可知,时态用一般过去时。故填pointed。
40.comes
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意:这位老科学家常说,知识来自实践,他的经验是通过做大量的实际工作得来的。结合句意可知,that引导的宾语从句描述的是客观真理,因此谓语动词的时态用一般现在时,主语knowledge为不可数名词,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,所以填comes。故填comes。
41.is being caused
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意:美国国家卫生研究院2018年对4500名儿童进行的一项综合研究显示,每天盯着屏幕7小时以上的儿童显示出大脑皮层过早变薄的证据——大脑皮层是处理感官信息的外层。我们不知道这是否是由屏幕时间引起的。分析句子可知,if引导的宾语从句缺谓语动词,空前的主语it指代premature thinning of their brain's cortex,和cause之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用被动语态;结合语境可知,此处表目前一直在发生的动作,故应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being caused。
42.were deposited
【详解】考查一般过去时被动语态。句意:雌鸟:再也不会到巢里去照顾在温暖的沙子里孵化的蛋了。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,此处表示过去发生的动作,故使用一般过去时。同时that指代前文的eggs,其与deposit之间是被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were deposited。
43.will pay
【详解】考查时态。句意:那些不诚实的人迟早会为他们的行为付出代价;相反,当我们诚实时,我们就真正自由了。表示将来的动作应用一般将来时。故填will pay。
44.was established
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:2020年9月,一个名为“校园宇宙射线观测协作”的组织成立,以推广这一理念。该组织的负责人张说,他们计划在中国各地的校园建设更多的站点。根据句子中的时间状语in September 2020表明时态是一般过去时,主语An organization和动词establish为被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数。故填was established。
45.had experienced
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意:对于年轻人来说,这是他们第一次经历重大的事情,他们与家人、朋友和邻居分享的担忧,现在正在忍受的痛苦,以及未来几周将要忍受的痛苦。根据固定句型“it was the 序数词time that sb. had done sth.”可知,that从句应使用过去完成时had experienced。故填had experienced。
46.is located
【详解】考查时态。句意:众所周知,阿斯所在的地区有很多快速粘土,可以从固体变成液体。be located in坐落于。分析句子可知,设空处为定语从句谓语。根据文章时态可知,用一般现在时,主语是单数。故填is located。
47.falls
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:圣诞节是西方世界最重要的节日。它在12月25日。句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语It是第三人称单数,因此空格处用第三人称单数falls,故填falls。
48.did
【详解】考查时态。句意:——我想你可能错过了去旧金山的火车。——好吧,我几乎错过了。根据上句中的“might have missed the train to San Francisco”可知,谈论的是过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时态的助动词代替上文中的“missed the train to San Francisco”。故填did。
49.stand
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我们的图书馆矗立在这两座建筑之间。分析可知设空处为谓语,本句是倒装句,主语是our libraries,谓语用复数形式,描述一般事实,用一般现在时,故填stand。
50.lies
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:河的南面坐落着一家小工厂。句子描述现在的一般情况,应用一般现在时,分析句子结构可知,本句使用完全倒装结构,a small factory是单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
51.is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:瞧,这个女孩戴着这么漂亮的花,她成了房间里的焦点。根据句意可知,本句应用现在进行时;句中运用了such…that…句型, such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首,主句为部分倒装句,主语the girl为第三人称单数,助动词用is,和carrying一起构成现在进行时。故填is。
52.didn’t pass
【详解】考查时态。句意:要不是乔治没有通过考试,他昨天就开车去我们学校了。but for意为“要不是”,用于虚拟语气,属于含蓄虚拟条件句,句中“would have driven”是虚拟语气的结构。“乔治没有通过考试”是陈述的事实,不用虚拟语气,故用陈述语气,应用一般过去时态。故填didn’t pass。
53.be offered
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:人们经常建议给孩子们提供接近大自然的机会。recommend意为“建议”,句中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气,should可省略,孩子是被给予机会,因此空格处是(should) be offered,故填be offered。
54.had taken
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我上次接受你的建议,这样我就不会被别人责备了。虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中,表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式:①表示与现在事实相反的愿望,用过去时:②表示与过去事实相反的愿望,用过去完成时:③表示与将来事实相反的愿望,用could / would+ / might+动词原形。根据“last time”可知,此处表示与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时。故填had taken。
55.had seen
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我看了这部电影,我会告诉你的。此处与过去事实相反:主句用would (should, could, might) +have+过去分词,从句用过去完成时。故填had seen。
56.be chosen
【详解】考查动词语态。句意:艺术家确信他会被选中,但当他把这幅杰作展示给皇帝的首席大臣时,老人笑了。聪明的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从这位世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系,且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
57.has been used
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:已采取一切可能的方法防止空气污染。名词means (方法)单复同形,由于有every修饰,谓语动词用单数形式,且主语means与谓语动词use之间是被动关系,强调对现在造成的结果或影响,用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been used。
58.was
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在去年的开幕式上表演。结合时间状语last year可知,该空谓语时态用一般过去时,as well as (和)遵循的是就远原则,即谓语动词要与该结构前面的主语保持一致,该句应与主语The famous musician保持一致,谓语单数形式。故填was。
59.are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:——好惨烈的事故!——就个人而言,从现场看,小车司机而不是货车司机应该受到责备。固定搭配be to blame,表示“受到责备”,空前who引导定语从句,指代car drivers,从句谓语动词be动词用复数,根据上文的is可知,应用一般现在时。故选C项。
60.wants
【详解】考查时态或主谓一致。句意:每个女孩和每个男孩都想参加那个讲座。讲述现在的一般情况,时态用一般现在时,不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接多个并列主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。故填wants。
61.was
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:这家玻璃厂建于20世纪60年代。分析句子可知,主语The glass works与谓语动词set up是被动关系,用被动语态,主语works此处表示“工厂”单复数形式同形,根据句意,此处表示单数,谓语动词用单数,由时间状语in 1960s可知,用一般过去时,故填was。
62.were
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:部长强调,在任何情况下不要轻视残疾人。分析句子可知,that引导宾语从句,under no circumstances表示否定,置句首,句子使用部分倒装,主语是the disabled,表示一类人,用作复数,由主句stressed可知,用一般过去时,故填were。
63.turns
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:说到这个问题,不仅你错了,她也错了。由从句中的动词comes可知,主句谓语动词应为一般现在时。分析从句结构可知,该句为not only…but also…句型,谓语动词需要就近原则,即谓语和最近的主语保持人称和数的一致,所以she为最近的主语,对应的谓语动词为三单形式。故填turns。
64.has
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我们每个人都有优点,另一方面,我们每个人也都有缺点。结合前面的have可知,并列谓语动词have用一般现在时,“each of +名词复数”作主语,谓语单数形式。故填has。
65.is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:参加军训的学生有50人。讲述现在的一般情况,时态用一般现在时,主语“the number of+复数名词(the students)”意为“……的数量”,谓语为单数形式;定语从句who took part in the military training修饰the students。故填is。
66.live
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:那个国家大约三分之二的人口生活在农场上。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,且“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词形式要以of后面的名词而定。故谓语用原形。故填live。
67.is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:健康的饮食和规律的锻炼对你的健康很重要。本句陈述的是事实,时态用一般现在时;当句子的主语是“A along with/with/together with + B”的时候,采取就远原则,即谓语动词要和A保持一致。本题应该和Healthy eating保持一致,所以谓语动词使用单数形式。故填is。
68.is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一位诗人兼艺术家明天下午要给我们讲中国文学和绘画。由“this afternoon”及coming可知,句子用现在进行时表将来,A poet and artist表示“一位作家兼诗人”作主语,指一个人,谓语用单数,即is,故填is。
69.is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:我已经完成了这本书的大部分;剩下的就难多了。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语the rest指代“这本书剩下的部分”,“书”是单数,故“这本书剩下的部分”也是单数,谓语用单数。故填is。
70.sell
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:我们大家都知道,这类英语书籍在中学里卖得很好。分析句子可知,sell是谓语动词,从句用一般现在时,根据句意,主句也用一般现在时,主语English books是复数,sell此处表示“销售”,用主动形式表示被动含义,故填sell。
71.sets
【详解】考查时态。句意:快点!我们必须在太阳落山前赶到那里。主句动词为must get结合“主将从现”可知,从句应为一般现在时,结合从句主语the sun为单数名词,所以为动词三单形式。故填sets。
72.is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:大约在圣诞节前后,在瑞典只有一个小时的白天。讲述客观事实用一般现在时,there be句型中,be动词与后面的主语保持人称和数的一致,only one hour of daylight是单数,谓语动词用单数,故填is。
73.are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但Cobb和其他人现在质疑这种推动会议提供更多远程参与机会的想法。根据句意可知,此处应使用现在进行时,主语为复数。故填are。
74.is designed
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
75.for
【详解】考查介词。句意:格林一家在中国已经住了三年了。分析句子可知,该句动词have lived为现在完成时,故此处为介词for+时间段作时间状语。故填for。
76.are going to leave
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:我们打算要离开,这时下起了雨。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填谓语动词形式,在时间、条件、让步状语从句中常常使用“主将从现”原则,此句是when引导的时间状语从句,从句用的是一般现在时,主句应使用一般将来时态,且此处表示有计划的做某事,应用be going to do,主语为复数。故填are going to leave。
77. are changing
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意:但科布和其他人现在对推动会议提供更多远程参与的机会、改变他们的个人行为、为应对气候变化危机尽自己的一份力量的想法提出了质疑。第一空:根据时间状语now可知,句子使用现在进行时,主语Cobb and others为复数,be动词应用are,与空后的questioning构成现在进行时;第二空:分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,change与逻辑主语idea之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式与pushing并列,作后置定语。故填①are ②changing。
78.have been forced
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:自4月以来,饮料公司被迫为生产或进口的每升含糖饮料支付18便士至24便士的费用,具体取决于含糖量。根据时间状语since April判断为现在完成时,且主语companies和谓语动词force之间为被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是复数,故填have been forced。
79.is being repaired
【详解】考查动词。句意:我的车正在修理,所以不能借给你。分析句子,设空处应该使用动词作谓语。此处表示动作正在发生,故使用现在进行时,同时my car与repair之间是被动关系,故使用现在进行时被动语态。故填is being repaired。
80.have been reading
【详解】考查动词。句意:我一直在看你借给我的那本书,但还没有看完。根据该句的I haven’t finished it yet“还没看完”以及but转折可知,这里应该表示“我一直在看,但是还没看完”,所以此处为现在完成进行时。故填have been reading。
81.was
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁,今天是41岁,预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时,且主语为The median age of an American,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。
82.will be listening
【详解】考查时态。句意:明天九点不要给王先生打电话。他将听一场关于高考改革的讲座。根据句意和时间状语at nine tomorrow可知,此处应用将来进行时,表示将来某段时间正在进行的动作。故填will be listening。
83.are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:新冠肺炎的症状与感染流感的人相似。本句描述客观事实,用一般现在时。主语为名词复数,故填are。
84.be sent
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:你建议派谁去农场干活 分析句子可知,send是动词suggest后宾语从句中谓语动词,应用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”,即(should) send;又因send与其主语Who之间是被动词关系,所以应用被动语态(should) be sent,should可省略。故填be sent。
85.should go##go
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我建议我们出去吃饭。根据所给句中“suggest(建议)”可知,此处需要使用should型虚拟,即suggest +从句,从句谓语为should+动词原形,should可以省略。故答案为should go或go。
86.should go##go
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他的建议是我们应该去看足球赛。that从句是表语从句,此处suggestion表示“建议”,作主语,表语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语部份为should+动词原形,should可以省略,故填(should) go。
87.should have##have
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:最后,我建议我们有更多的英语活动,比如英语比赛和节日。suggest“建议”后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语部分为“(should)+动词原形”。故填(should) have。
88.went ##should go
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:该是他睡觉的时候了。此处考查句型It’s (about) time that...,意为“该是……的时候了。”,that引导的从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气,用一般过去时或should+动词原形。故填went /should go。
89.master##should master
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们要至少掌握一门外语,这是十分必要的。It is important/necessary/impossible... that...句式中,其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should可以省略。故答案为should master或者master。
90.could fly
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要是我能像鸟一样飞就好了。if only后的句子的谓语动词表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时,能够飞翻译为could fly。故填could fly。
91.should reach
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他希望他的书能让尽可能多的人读到。分析句子可知,此处为先行词desire表示“愿望”引导的同位语从句,在该从句中应该需要虚拟语气,即should do sth。故填should reach。
92. had studied would be
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:也许如果那时我学习科学,而不是文学,我就能给你更多的帮助。分析句子可知,第一空处表示对过去的虚拟, 谓语动词应使用过去完成时had studied;第二空格是主句表示的是对现在的虚拟, 谓语动词应使用would+do,应填would be,故答案是①had studied;②would be。
93. were would teach
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我是你,我会好好教训他一顿。根据句意,此题考查虚拟语气,为与现在事实相反的假设,if从句中的be动词应用were;主句部分为would do,应用would teach。故填:①were;②would teach。
94. had come would have met
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他早来几分钟,他就能见到我了。分析语境可知,句子考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构,即,“If+主语+had done+…,主语+would have done…”。故填①had come;②would have met。
95.had known
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他看上去好像对这件事有所了解。此处as if从句中表示对过去事情的假设,谓语用虚拟语气,用had done形式。故填had known。
96.should make##make
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他向我们道歉是应该的。分析句子可知,此处为it形式主语句式,根据标志词appropriate可知,后面的that从句谓语应用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should可以省略。故填should make或make。
97.would have lost
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是你及时的帮助,我们昨天就会输掉比赛。分析句子,句中but for意为“要不是”其为虚拟语气结构标志;根据句意,后文是对过去的事实进行虚拟应该使用would have done结构,故填would have lost。
98.have gone
【详解】考查含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气。句意:要不是老师慷慨而及时的帮助,我不可能熬过那段艰难的岁月。根据but for my teacher’s generous and timely help可知,老师的帮助发生在过去,设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,谓语应用couldn’t have done,意为“本不能做某事,(实际上做成了)”。故填have gone。
99.should
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:赖特说,研究建议人们应该优先考虑睡眠,不要做那些“偷睡眠的事情”,比如看电视节目或玩电子设备。英语中表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should) +原形动词,should可省略。故填should。
100.have taken
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:那天我病了,否则我就参加运动会了。otherwise是含蓄虚拟条件句,而且句中有明确的时间状语that day,故主句用would have done结构,为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故填have taken。