2023届高三 晚自习英语限时精练试题(含答案)

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名称 2023届高三 晚自习英语限时精练试题(含答案)
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更新时间 2023-03-21 13:30:43

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2023届高三晚自习英语限时精练
【训练内容】阅读理解+七选五+语法填空+单句翻译+续写 (2023.3.21晚)
一、阅读理解
A
“A lot of the time when climate change is discussed in mainstream media, people are asking ‘can humans overcome this ’, or ‘what technology can solve this ’. It’s high time we recognized that animals also have to adapt to various changes. We know some animals change their skin colors to escape from natural enemies or due to environment pollution,” says Ryding. “The climate change that we have created is putting a lot of pressure on them, and some species try to adapt by shapeshifting (变形). ”
Strong shapeshifting has particularly been reported in birds. Several species of Australian parrot have shown, on average, a 4%—10% increase in beak (鸟喙) size since 1871, and this is positively linked with the summer temperature each year. North American dark-eyed juncos, a type of small songbird, had a link between increased beak size and short-term temperature extremes in cold environments. There have also been reported changes in mammalian species. Researchers have reported tail length increases in wood mice and leg size increases in masked shrews (鼩鼱).
“The increases in some body parts size we see so far are quite small—less than 10%—so the changes are unlikely to be immediately noticeable,” says Ryding. “However, some body parts such as ears are predicted to increase.”
Ryding intends to investigate shapeshifting in Australian birds firsthand by 3D scanning museum bird specimens from the past 100 years. It will give her team a better understanding of which birds are changing their body parts and why. “Shapeshifting does not mean that animals are coping with climate change and that all is ‘fine’,” says Ryding. “It just means they are adapting to survive it—but we’re not sure what the other ecological consequences of these changes are, or indeed that all species are capable of changing and surviving. ”
1. What may cause animals’ shapeshifting according to Ryding
A.Human hunting. B.Climate change.
C.Natural enemies. D.Polluted surroundings.
2. What method does the author mainly use to develop paragraph 2
A.Giving examples. B.Cause-effect analysis.
C.Making comparison. D.Process analysis.
3. What can we know from Ryding’s words in the last paragraph
A.Animals can well adapt to changes and survive.
B.Influence of animals’ shapeshifting is uncertain.
C.Rdying will research into bird museums in Australia.
D.All adaptations of animals to climate change are beneficial.
4. In which section of a newspaper can we find the text
A.Technology. B.Health care. C.Environment. D.Education.
B
In the ancient walled city of Sana’a, mud skyscrapers rise high into the sky. The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with striking geometric patterns. The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
“As an outstanding example of architecture reflecting the spatial characteristics of the early years, the city in its landscape has an extraordinary artistic and pictorial quality,” UNESCO writes in its description of Sana’a. “The buildings also demonstrate exceptional craftsmanship in the use of local materials and techniques.”
Even though the buildings in Sana’a are thousands of years old, they remain “terribly contemporary”, says Salma Samar Damliyi, co-founder of the Mud Brick Architecture Foundation. The ancient structures are still inhabited today and most remain private residences. Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their appeal — they are well-insulated(绝缘的),sustainable and extremely adaptable for modern use. “It is the architecture of the future,” says Damliyi.
Architects around the world are reviving (复兴) raw-earth construction as they seek to construct sustainable buildings that can resist extreme weather events such as flash floods and intense heat. Could this ancient form of architecture influence the design of our future homes
The construction industry accounts for 38% of global carbon dioxide emissions. The building sector has an important role to play if the world is to meet the goal of reaching net zero by 2050. Concrete, a common modern construction material, has a huge carbon footprint. Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is critical to achieving our climate goals, scientists warn.
The ancient material, mud, could be the perfect sustainable alternative to concrete, according to Damliyi. Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable, she says. “If you want to pull down a wall or change the design, you can recycle all the materials.” An added bonus is that mud buildings are warm in the winter and cool in the summer. This reduces the need for air conditioning units, which consume large amounts of electricity and contain refrigerants that comprise greenhouse gas emissions. Mud structures are also incredibly strong and resistant to extreme weather, such as heatwaves, floods and droughts, which scientists say will become more frequent and intense as temperatures continue to rise.
Therefore, people who wish to live in a modern, comfortable home should consider one made of mud. Overall, it makes for highly advanced as well as sustainable design.;
5. According to the first two paragraphs, buildings in Sana’a are “unique” because .
A.they are tall and tower over the entire city
B.their geometric patterns create artistic feelings
C.they are beautifully crafted with local resources
D.their fascinating history has attracted many tourists;
6. Which of the following is TRUE about mud materials according to the passage
A.They can reduce the chance of extreme weather events.
B.They can be ideal for sustainable future construction.
C.They might produce lots of greenhouse gas emissions.
D.They might cause substantial temperature changes.
7. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A.mud might be an important solution to the climate crisis
B.the mud buildings in Sana’a are no longer suitable to live
C.rebuilding mud construction would take great efforts
D.mud becomes the favourite material of architects;
8. What do you think might be the best title of the passage
A.The Historic Cities that Mark Human Civilization
B.The Construction Industry that Threatens Climate Goals
C.The Modern Architecture that Survives Extreme Weather
D.The Ancient Material that Makes for Future House Designs
二、七选五阅读
Climate change has increased average temperatures by 1℃ over the past century, making heat waves more frequent and intense than those from any other point in recorded history. 9 A study published in the journal Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018.
The following is what happens if you’re the next to be killed. First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands telling them to increase sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is directed away from important organs(器官) like your liver, kidneys and gut. 10
If heat stroke occurs, your body might get hot and direct so much oxygen-rich blood to the skin that it suffocates(把…闷死) vital internal organs. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb from a normal level to about 104 degrees. 11 You may feel it start as a dull headache. Before long, you might lose consciousness. Your brain might begin to swell.
While you struggle to stay awake and avoid dizzying confusion, the excessive internal heat is damaging your gut, consequently causing an inflammatory(发炎的) response. 12
That’s just part of what we know about how extreme heat kills you. 13 A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from examinations of people dying of heat stroke.
A.As the heat rises quickly, so does the death number.
B.That’s because we can’t study it in humans in the laboratory.
C.As temperatures tick ever higher, that figure may well rise.
D.At that temperature, your brain becomes affected.
E.Surviving the organ failure might require an emergency transplant.
F.Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart.
G.Left untreated, what follows is a flood of organ failure that leads to your death.
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobody 14 (like) to lose, but we must accept that losing is part of life. After all, we can’t win all the time. Although losing is 15 (please), it can be a positive thing. We can learn from every failure, which may help us succeed in the future. But first we must know 16 to be a good loser.
For one thing, we should take a positive attitude 17 it. We can begin by realizing that losing is sometimes unavoidable. Therefore, we don’t need to be 18 (embarrass). We must correct our mistakes and try again. 19 is known to all, practice makes perfect. If we practise losing by creating challenges for 20 (we), we will never be afraid of failure. For another, we should be gracious when we lose. If we offer our 21 (congratulate) to the winner and share in his or her happiness, our disappointment will 22 (definite) fade.
In conclusion, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life. It might be painful at first, 23 there are many benefits. Good losers are respected and admired and, most importantly, they win in the end.
四、翻译
24. 中外游客不仅领略了这里的山水美景,也对当地的文化和悠久历史有了大致的了解。(Not only) (汉译英)
25. 莫言是首位中国诺贝尔文学奖获得者,迄今写了几十本小说,能引起读者的共鸣。(which, identify) (汉译英)
26. Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern. (英译汉)
27. 只有通过平衡的饮食和规律的锻炼,我们才能保持好健康状态。(用部分倒装句)(汉译英)
六、应用文写作
28. 良好的习惯让人受益终身。如何培养良好的习惯?请根据以下内容提示,以“How To Develop A Good Habit”为题,用英语写一篇短文,可以适当发挥。
要点:(1)坚持锻炼,不要熬夜,睡眠充足;
(2)多吃水果蔬菜,少吃垃圾食品;
(3)努力学习,广泛阅读;
(4)体贴父母,多做家务;
注意:(1)要点齐全,条理清晰,语句通顺,不需逐条翻译;
(2)文中不得出现姓名、校名等真实信息;
(3)短文不少于80词。
七、读后续写
29. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Price of a Miracle
Tess was an eight-year-old girl when she heard her mom and dad talking about her little brother, Andrew. All she knew was that he was very sick and they were completely out of money.
Only a very costly operation could save him now and it was looking like there was no one to lend them the money. She heard Dad say to her tearful mom with desperation, “Only a miracle can save him now.”
Tess went to her bedroom and poured all the change she had saved out on the floor and counted it carefully:47 cents. She slipped out of home and made her way to Rexall’s Drug Store. She waited patiently for the pharmacist to give her some attention but he was too busy at this moment. Finally, she took a quarter from her pocket and banged it on the glass counter. That did it ! “And what do you want ” the pharmacist asked in an annoyed tone of voice. “I’m talking to my brother from Chicago Medical University whom I haven’t seen in ages,” he said without waiting for a reply to his question.
“Well, I want to talk to you about my brother,” Tess answered back in the same annoyed tone. “He’s really, really sick and I want to buy a miracle.”
“We don’t sell miracles here, little girl. I’m sorry but I can’t help you,” the pharmacist said, softening a little. “Listen, I have the money to pay for it. If it isn’t enough, I will get the rest. Just tell me how much it costs.” Tess answered with a blind faith.
The pharmacist’s brother was a well-dressed man. He stooped down and asked the little girl, “What kind of a miracle does your brother need ” “I don’t know,” Tess replied with her eyes welling up.
“I just know he’s really sick and Mom says he needs an operation. But my dad can’t pay for it, so I want to use my money.”
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
“How much do you have ” asked the man from Chicago.
The operation was completed.
参考答案
阅读理解BABC CBAD
七选五AFDGB
语法填空likes;unpleasant;how;to/towards;embarrassed;As;ourselves;congratulations;definitely;.but/yet
24. Not only have the visitors from home and abroad appreciated the beautiful landscape / scenery here, but they have had a general understanding of the local culture and long history.
25. Mo Yan who is identified as the first Chinese winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, has written dozens of novels so far, which can arouse the resonance of readers.
26. 虽然物种自然灭绝并不罕见,但现在这种情况发生的速度却令人担忧。
27. Only through a balanced diet and regular exercise can we keep a good state of health.
28. It’s very important for us to have a good habit. Here is my advice.
First of all, we should keep taking exercise. We’d better take exercise for an hour every day. Don’t stay up late. We must get enough sleep in order to keep healthy. Second, we should eat more fruits and vegetables and eat less junk food. Third, we should study hard and read more books in our spare time so as to improve ourselves. Eventually, we should also help our parents with the housework.
29. One possible version:
“How much do you have ” asked the man from Chicago. “47 cents!” Tess replied without any hesitation. To her surprise, the man said that he was a doctor and that it was a fair price for a miracle. Overcome with excitement, Tess grasped his hand, leading him to her home. With doubt and hope, Dad and Mom had Andrew checked by the man, who declared that he would perform an operation on the boy and promised it wouldn’t be long before he could pick himself up. Hearing his words, the whole family burst into tears of joy.
The operation was completed. Hardly had Andrew been sent back home when his parents went to thank the doctor with Tess, for they knew that 47 cents was a joke for an operation. They promised to save enough money to pay for the bill only to be told that Tess had paid for it. “It’s a fair deal,” the doctor explained to the parents,and then looked into Tess’s eyes, smiling, “47 cents was what it cost—plus the faith of a little girl.”
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