中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
新人教版必修一Unit1单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A book club can be a good way to develop an 1． (appreciate) of reading and new friendships, or it can be a big fat fail. The direction it takes really depends on how it 2． (manage).
Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is 3． (simple) the socials, think about forming a group to do social activities together.
Book club expert Davina Morgan-Witts conducted a survey of thousands of book club members. In that survey, 81 percent marked themselves as "very 4． (delight)" and they generally discussed the book for 75 minutes or longer.
5． (compare) with them, just 55 percent of people in the group talking for 20 minutes or less 6． (choose) the description of being happy.
"That's not to say social time is unimportant but it's secondary. It's because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions 7． the friendship forms, " Morgan-Witts explains. If you're eager 8． (discuss) books without all of the small talk, she suggests applying 9． membership of a public library group. "I was in one and it seemed 10． whole purpose of it was to get together to talk about books, " recalls Morgan-Witts.
【答案】1．appreciation；2．is managed；3．simply；4．delighted；5．Compared；6．chose；7．that；8．to discuss；9．for；10．the
【解析】【分析】本文一篇说明文，介绍了选择正确的经营方向与合理安排讨论图书和社交的时间对创建一个吸引人的读书俱乐部的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，时态语态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，时态，强调句，介词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：读书俱乐部可能是培养阅读欣赏力、发展新友谊的好方法，也可能是一个巨大的失败。根据空前的an和空后的of可知空处应填名词。appreciation"欣赏，鉴赏"。故填appreciation。
2．句意：事实上，它的发展方向取决于它是如何被管理的。从句主语it与manage之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据上文的takes和depends可知，此处要用一般现在时。故填is managed。
3．句意：如果他们的兴趣纯粹是社交聚会，那就考虑组一个团体一起进行社交活动。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰is，应用所给词的副词形式。 故填simply。
4．句意：在那次调查中，读书俱乐部里81%的人认为他们非常快乐，他们通常会花75分钟或更长时间讨论图书。空处修饰人，表示人的感受，应用-ed形式的形容词。delighted"高兴的，愉快的，快乐的"。故填delighted。
5．句意：与他们相比，在只讨论20分钟或更短时间的群体中，只有55%的人选择了高兴这一描述。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，55 percent of people和compare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填Compared。
6．考查时态。句意：与他们相比，在只讨论20分钟或更短时间的群体中，只有55%的人选择了高兴这一描述。此处是谓语动词，结合上文可知，此处描述的依然是调查的内容，是发生在过去的事，故用一般过去时。故填chose。
7．句意：Morgan-Witts解释说："不是说社交时间不重要，而是说它是次要的。正是因为开诚布公的讨论和意见的分享，友谊才得以形成。"此处使用了强调句型，被强调部分是"because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions"，故用that。
8．句意：如果你想要讨论图书而不是闲聊，她建议你申请成为公共图书馆小组的会员。此处为be eager to do sth.，固定短语，"渴望/希望做某事"，故填to discuss。
9．句意：如果你想要讨论图书而不是闲聊，她建议你申请成为公共图书馆小组的会员。apply for sth.，固定短语，"申请……"。故填for。
10．句意：我曾经加入过一个公共图书馆小组，它的全部目的似乎就是让人们聚在一起讨论图书。根据句意可知，此处表特指，故填the。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
A. crucial B. collapse C. passion D. lengthening E. depend F. refreshedG. alternative H. devoted I. Highlight J. varying K. delivery
Three Ways for Scientists to Manage Their Time Better
It is not necessary to become a workaholic to be a good scientist, although scientists often have great 11． for their research, and frequently work long hours. The amount and quality of what you achieve critically 12． on how effectively you manage your time. Here are some tips on how to better manage your time as a scientist.
●Make a plan
Consider blocking out your calendar into chunks of time 13． to a specific task. This is particularly important when you are writing a paper or report. Next comes the 14． step of prioritizing. 15． tasks on your list to signify their urgency. Focus only on one item at a time: the others can wait their turn. This list needs to be updated and reviewed regularly.
●Give yourself a break
Taking breaks is good for your brain. Don't be hard on yourself: you will actually perform better if you take breaks and cultivate a life outside science. This might seem counter-intuitive (违反直觉的) with all those tasks on your list, but solutions to apparently difficult problems can come from a 16． brain——and a brain that can keep things in perspective. During your working day, allow yourself time to think, to be open to new ideas and to chat with others about new methods.
Try to avoid looking at your work e-mails when you are not working. They do not need to be answered until the next working day. The world will not 17． if you delay reading some e-mails.
●Don't try to chase every great idea
The other side of permitting yourself time to explore 18． ideas, as well as the suggestions of managers and colleagues, is that you are left with a(n) 19． list of new directions to investigate. Try to distinguish between things that would be nice to have and things that are vital to the 20． of your project, or PhD, on time.
Succeeding against the odds and in the face of time pressure is one of the most valuable experiences you can offer to a future employer.
【答案】11．C；12．E；13．H；14．A；15．I；16．F；17．B；18．G；19．D；20．K
【解析】【分析】文章大意：对于科学家更好的管理时间的三种方式。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，注意理解语篇，首先通读一遍，再逐一作答，注意句型，短语以及语境。
11．句意：当一个科学家，成为一个工作迷是没必要的，尽管许多科学家经常对他们的研究有极大的激情，并且经常工作很长时间。passion，名词，激情，have great passion for…，意为对……有极大的激情，根据空后科学家们经常工作很长时间，可知他们对自己的研究很痴迷，具有极大激情，故答案为C。
12．句意：你所取得的成就的数量和质量在很大程度上取决于你如何有效的管理时间。depend，动词，依赖，在此处为固定搭配，depend on，取决于……，故答案为E。
13．句意：考虑把你的日历分成时间段来致力于做特定的任务。devote，动词，致力于；投入（时间、精力等）；devote to…，致力于……，结合语境，把时间投入到特定任务，故答案为H。
14．句意：接下来是优先处理的关键的一步。crucial，形容词，关键的，通过空后提到优先处理的一步，可推断出这一步是关键的，故答案为A。
15．句意：突出显示你列表中的任务以表示其紧迫性。highlight，动词，突出，强调，空后提到在列表上表任务示紧急，关注紧急任务，可知把任务突出或标记，故答案为I。
16．句意：但是明显困难的问题的解决办法来自于一个恢复精力的大脑。refreshed，形容词，恢复精力的，神清气爽的，根据本段标题大意，可知论述休息的重要性，此处强调休息好的大脑更有利于解决问题，故答案为F。
17．句意：如果你推迟读一些邮件，世界也不会倒塌沦陷。collapse ，动词，倒塌，根据前文作者的观点是避免在不工作的时候看邮件，可知推迟看邮件，世界不会发生变化，更不会塌陷，故答案为B。
18．句意：允许自己留出时间去探索其他的观点。alternative，可供选择的，形容词，根据空后还有探索经理和同事的建议，可知探索可供选择的其他观点，故答案为G。
19．句意：留给你自己一份加长的的新的调查方向清单。lengthening，延长的，加长的，根据前文，要探索其他可供选择的观点，可知需要延长的新方向列表，故答案为D。
20．句意：尽力区分好的东西和对你的项目或博士学位交付至关重要的东西。delivery，名词，交付，投递，the delivery of…，意为……的交付，故答案为K。
三、翻译
21．Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big (挑战), so I need to make a workable (时间表).
【答案】challenge；timetable/schedule
【解析】【分析】句意：为学习和课外活动找时间是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要制定一个可行的时间表/时间表。“ 挑战 ”应用 challenge ，此处名词作表语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 challenge ；“ 时间表 ”应用 timetable/schedule ，此处名词作宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 timetable/schedule 。故答案为：challenge；timetable/schedule。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语，名词作宾语。
22．With the help of my friend Lily, I gradually (对……变得习惯)living in the countryside, so I was grateful to her.
【答案】became accustomed to
【解析】【分析】句意：在朋友莉莉的帮助下，我逐渐习惯了在农村生活，所以我很感激她。“ 对…...变得习惯”应用固定短语become accustomed to ，此处是谓语动词，结合 so I was grateful to her 的时态，应用一般过去时，故填 became accustomed to 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时以及固定短语become accustomed to。
23．我试图说服Jim在这个项目上与我们合作，但他似乎对此不感兴趣。(seem to do. )
【答案】I tried to persuade Jim to cooperate with us on this project, but he seemed to have no interest in it.
【解析】【分析】“ 我试图说服Jim在这个项目上与我们合作 ”应用动词短语try to do“试图做”，是谓语动词，结合汉语提示应用一般过去时； persuade sb.to do动词短语“说服某人做......”，以及动词短语 cooperate with sb.“和某人合作.....”；“在这个项目”用介词短语 on this project ，译为： I tried to persuade Jim to cooperate with us on this project ；“ 但他似乎对此不感兴趣 ”是but连接的转折并列句，结合题目要求，应用 seem to do “似乎”，应用一般过去时，“ 不感兴趣 ”用动词短语 have no interest in ，译为： but he seemed to have no interest in it. 故答案为：I tried to persuade Jim to cooperate with us on this project, but he seemed to have no interest in it.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，转折并列句以及固定短语try to do， persuade sb.to do，cooperate with sb.以及 have no interest in。
24．毫无疑问人类会探索更遥远的太空。(there is never any doubt that…)
【答案】There is never any doubt that human beings will explore further space.
【解析】【分析】根据题目要求应用固定句式 there is never any doubt that… “毫无疑问......”，“ 人类会探索更遥远的太空 ”是that引导的同位语从句，结合汉语提示应用一般将来时，译为： human beings will explore further space ，故答案为： There is never any doubt that human beings will explore further space.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般将来时，一般现在时以及固定句式there is never any doubt that…。
25．When the plane (起飞) Mrs. Brown felt very nervous, because it was the first time that she had flown in a plane.
【答案】took off
【解析】【分析】句意：飞机起飞时，布朗夫人感到非常紧张，因为这是她第一次坐飞机。“ 起飞 ”应用动词短语take off，结合 Mrs. Brown felt very nervous 的时态，可知应用一般过去时，故填took off。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时以及固定短语take off。
26．当我刚要离开时，Miss Sun让我去她的办公室拿点重要的东西。(be about to do. )
【答案】When I was about to leave, Miss Sun asked me to go to her office to get something important.
【解析】【分析】“ 当我刚要离开时 ”是when引导的时间状语从句，结合题目要求，应用 be about to do ，“正要做....”，结合汉语提示应用过去将来时，译为： when I was about to leave ；“ Miss Sun让我去她的办公室拿点重要的东西 ”应用动词短语ask sb to do“要求某人做....”，应用一般过去时，“去她的办公室拿点重要的东西 ”用 go to her office to get something important 表达，此处不定式作宾补，译为： Miss Sun asked me to go to her office to get something important. 故答案为：When I was about to leave, Miss Sun asked me to go to her office to get something important.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，过去将来时，以及固定短语be about to do和ask sb to do。
27．在我看来，攀岩运动和骑自行车一样都不危险。(no more +ad. +than)
【答案】As far as I'm concerned, rock climbing is no more dangerous than cycling.
【解析】【分析】“ 在我看来 ”应用固定短语 as far as I'm concerned ，“ 攀岩运动和骑自行车一样都不危险 ”结合题目要求，应用 no more +adj. +than ，主语“ 攀岩运动 ”用 rock climbing 表达，“ 骑自行车 ”用动词短语 cycling 表达，译为： rock climbing is no more dangerous than cycling. 故答案为：As far as I'm concerned, rock climbing is no more dangerous than cycling.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，以及固定短语as far as I'm concerned和固定句式“no more +adj. +than”。
28．When you get to the top of the mountain, you will see (一排排)of houses.
【答案】row upon row
【解析】【分析】句意：当你到达山顶时，你会看到一排排的房子。“ 一排排 ”应用固定短语，row upon row，故填 row upon row 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语 row upon row 。
29．我表哥昨天去纽约了：这就是为什么他明天不能来参加我的生日聚会的原因。(that is why…)
【答案】My cousin went to New York yesterday; that is why he can't attend my birthday party tomorrow.
【解析】【分析】“ 我表哥昨天去纽约了 ”是主谓宾结构，根据“昨天” yesterday ，应用一般过去时，译为： My cousin went to New York yesterday ；“ 这就是为什么他明天不能来参加我的生日聚会的原因 ”根据题目要求应用固定句式 that is why ...，是表语从句，“他明天不能来参加我的生日聚会”用 he can't attend my birthday party tomorrow 表达，故答案为：My cousin went to New York yesterday; that is why he can't attend my birthday party tomorrow.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，一般现在时，一般将来时以及固定句式 that is why 。
30．正是在Mr Smith成立了自己的公司之后，他才明白创业是多么地难。（强调句型）
【答案】It was only after Mr. Smith set up his own company that he understood how difficult it was to start a business.
【解析】【分析】“ 在Mr Smith成立了自己的公司之后，他才明白创业是多么地难 ”是after引导的时间状语从句，应用一般过去时，译为： Mr. Smith understood how difficult it was to start a business only after he set up his own company. 根据题目要求，应用 强调句型 ，故答案为： It was only after Mr. Smith set up his own company that he understood how difficult it was to start a business.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及时间状语从句，强调句以及一般过去时。
四、完形填空
My family unit of four was on the stricter side when it came to COVID- 19 precautions. We had decided not to attend most group 31． . We had 32． about the health risks posed by this new virus, especially as we waited for our kids to be vaccinated.
My parents came up from Texas in December 2020 to quarantine (隔离期) before seeing us and 33． to visit us occasionally after that. We tried to visit them too but got 34． twice—first when the virus Delta made the trip
too 35． , then when my grandma and my older son separately were 36． with Omicron.
Finally, in February 2022, we got there. It had been more than two years once my kids had seen my grandparents, and my younger son did not 37． being on a plane. We met my parents, grandparents, aunt, uncle, and cousins in Colorado. There, my kids 38． her baby cousin. I 39． my kids as they swam, watched fireworks, generally 40． with their older cousins. They were so 41． with everyone, despite how infrequently we had gotten together over the past few years.
Several times, I looked over at my kids playing with my relatives, their relatives, forming their own 42． , and felt something that I rarely feel about being with other people: longing, the 43． for more of this.
As COVID- 19 is not over, we are still trying to keep our 44． limited. But with our younger son finally 45． we are cracking open the door, just a little, to be with the people we love.
31．A．work B．discussions C．gatherings D．talk
32．A．concern B．prediction C．knowledge D．argument
33．A．left B．called C．returned D．chatted
34．A．lost B．stopped C．fined D．hurt
35．A．shocking B．embarrassing C．tiring D．frightening
36．A．infected B．connected C．bored D．unsatisfied
37．A．regret B．remember C．imagine D．consider
38．A．played tricks on B．made jokes about
C．fell in love with D．got in touch with
39．A．chased B．observed C．ignored D．admired
40．A．working B．fighting C．jumping D．messing
41．A．generous B．curious C．comfortable D．modest
42．A．bonds B．friendships C．values D．opinions
43．A．desire B．sympathy C．love D．pity
44．A．hobbies B．expenses C．choices D．exposures
45．A．educated B．vaccinated C．changed D．cured
【答案】31．C；32．A；33．C；34．B；35．D；36．A；37．B；38．C；39．B；40．D；41．C；42．A；43．A；44．D；45．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了由于新冠疫情，作者不能经常和家人相聚，在难得的一次相聚后作者意识到了对相聚的渴望，最终作者的儿子接种了疫苗，打开了和爱的人在一起的大门。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
31．句意：我们决定不参加大多数集体聚会。A：work“工作”；B：discussions“讨论”；C：gatherings“聚会”；D：talk“交谈，报告”。 根据上文"COVID- 19 precautions"可知，因为新冠疫情，作者全家决定不参加大多数集体聚会。故选C。
32．句意：我们担心这种新病毒带来的健康风险，特别是在我们等待孩子接种疫苗的时候。A：concern“关注”；B：prediction“预测”；C：knowledge“知识”；D：argument “争论”。根据空后"about the health risks"可知，作者家人担心这种新病毒带来的健康风险。故选A。
33．句意：2020年12月，我的父母从德克萨斯州过来隔离，之后偶尔回来看看我们。A：left“离开，留下”；B：called“打电话，大喊”；C：returned“归还，返回”；D：chatted “聊天”。根据空后"to visit us occasionally after that"可知，作者的父母偶尔回来看看作者全家。故选C。
34．句意：我们也试着去看他们，但两次都被阻止了——第一次是德尔塔病毒让旅行变得太可怕，第二次是我的奶奶和大儿子分别感染了Omicron病毒。A：lost“丢失”；B：stopped“停止”；C：fined“罚金”；D：hurt“伤害”。 根据空后"first when the virus Delta made the trip too 5 ， then when my grandma and my older son separately were 6 with Omicron"可知，作者的探访被阻止了。故选B。
35．句意：我们也试着去看他们，但两次都被阻止了——第一次是德尔塔病毒让旅行变得太可怕，第二次是我的奶奶和大儿子分别感染了Omicron病毒。A：shocking“令人惊叹的”；B：embarrassing“令人尴尬的”；C：tiring“令人疲倦的”；D：frightening “令人害怕的”。根据上文"the virus Delta"可知，德尔塔病毒让旅行变得太可怕。故选D。
36．句意：我们也试着去看他们，但两次都被阻止了——第一次是德尔塔病毒让旅行变得太可怕，第二次是我的奶奶和大儿子分别感染了Omicron病毒。A：infected“感染”；B：connected“连接”；C：bored“烦人的”；D：unsatisfied “不满意的”。根据空后"with Omicron"可知，作者的奶奶和大儿子分别感染了Omicron病毒。故选A。
37．句意：两年多前，我的孩子们才见过我的祖父母，小儿子不记得坐过飞机。A：regret“遗憾”；B：remember“记住”；C：imagine“想象”；D：consider “考虑，认为”。根据空前"It had been more than two years once my kids had seen my grandparents"可知，两年多前，作者的孩子们才见过作者的祖父母，小儿子不记得坐过飞机。故选B。
38．句意：在那里，我的孩子们爱上了她的小表弟。A：played tricks on“搞恶作剧”；B：made jokes about“开玩笑”；C：fell in love with“爱上”；D：got in touch with “取得联系”。根据空后"her baby cousin"可知，作者的孩子们爱上了她的小表弟。故选C。
39．句意：我观察我的孩子们游泳、看烟花，通常是和他们的兄弟姐妹们在一起。A：chased“追逐”；B：observed“观察”；C：ignored“忽视”；D：admired“羡慕”。 根据空后"as they swam"可知，作者观察孩子们游泳。故选B。
40．句意：我观察我的孩子们游泳、看烟花，通常是和他们的兄弟姐妹们在一起。A：working“工作”；B：fighting“战斗”；C：jumping“跳”；D：messing “把....弄乱，把.....弄脏”。根据下文"despite how infrequently we had gotten together over the past few years"可知，作者孩子和兄弟姐妹们一起玩儿，mess with固定短语，"与……厮混在一起"，故选D。
41．句意：尽管过去几年我们很少聚在一起，但他们和每个人都相处得很好。A：generous“慷慨的，大方的”；B：curious“好奇的”；C：comfortable“舒服的”；D：modest“谦虚的”。 根据空后"despite how infrequently we had gotten together over the past few years"可知，尽管过去几年我们很少聚在一起，但他们和每个人都相处得很好，故选C。
42．句意：有几次，我看着我的孩子们和我的亲戚、他们的亲戚一起玩耍，建立起他们自己的联系，我有了和别人在一起时很少有的感觉：渴望，渴望更多这样的东西。A：bonds“联系”；B：friendships“友谊”；C：values“价值”；D：opinions “意见”。根据空前"playing with my relatives, their relatives"可知，孩子们建立起他们自己的联系。故选A。
43．句意：有几次，我看着我的孩子们和我的亲戚、他们的亲戚一起玩耍，建立起他们自己的纽带，我有了和别人在一起时很少有的感觉：渴望，渴望更多这样的东西。A：desire“渴望”；B：sympathy“同情”；C：love“爱”；D：pity “同情”。根据上文"longing"可知，作者渴望更多这样的东西。故选A。
44．句意：由于COVID- 19尚未结束，我们仍在努力限制暴露。A：hobbies“业余爱好”；B：expenses“消费”；C：choices“选择”；D：exposures “暴露”。根据上文"As COVID- 19 is not over"可知，由于COVID- 19尚未结束，我们仍在努力限制暴露。故选D。
45．句意：但随着我们的小儿子终于接种了疫苗，我们打开了与我们爱的人在一起的大门，只是一点点。vaccinated接种疫苗。A：educated“教育”；B：vaccinated“接种疫苗”；C：changed“变化”；D：cured“治愈”。 根据空后"we are cracking open the door, just a little, to be with the people we love"可知，作者小儿子终于接种了疫苗，他们打开了与爱的人在一起的大门。故选B。
五、阅读理解
A
Experts say that engaging in playful activities through adulthood can help lower stress, improve cognitive functions, and build social bonds with others, which is so much more than what your phone can do for you. So what are you waiting for Round up the family, grab one of these lawn games for adults, and let the good time sroll.
Spikeball Game Set $59.99
The flexible, hula-hoop-sized net stands on its foldable legs and can be taken to the beach or the park to give four players plenty of space to run around. Start the two-on-two game by bouncing a ball off the net, sending it flying toward your opponents—they have three passes between them to send the ball back over to your team. When they miss, you score, and the first one to get to 21 wins.
The Pocket Shot $25.00
Who doesn't love lining up cans and shooting them down with a slingshot It's demanding yet thrilling. The Pocket Shot is a super powerful slingshot that shoots at two or three times the rate of a regular slingshot. It's super tiny, so it fits in your pocket.
Giant 4-Connect-In-A-Row $79.99
Two players at a time try to insert their red or blue coins into the wooden frame to form a vertical or horizontal line of all the same color. It's way more challenging than you'd think.
46．According to the first paragraph, in what way can lawn games benefit adults
A．Helping them gain strong build. B．Boosting their intelligence.
C．Stopping their phone use. D．Ridding them of pressure.
47．How many players are needed when Spikeball Game Set is played
A．Two. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
48．What do the second and third game have in common
A．They are of pocket size. B．They are cheap to buy.
C．They take skills to play. D．They need two players.
【答案】46．D
47．B
48．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三种草坪游戏以及价格等信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
46．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Experts say that engaging in playful activities through adulthood can help lower stress, improve cognitive functions, and build social bonds with others, which is so much more than what your phone can do for you.”专家表示，在成年期参与有趣的活动可以帮助减轻压力，改善认知功能，并与他人建立社会联系，这比你的手机能为你做的多得多。可知，草坪游戏可以给成年人减压。故选D。
47．考查细节理解。根据 Spikeball Game Set $59.99 部分中的"Start the two-on-two game by bouncing a ball off the net, sending it flying toward your opponents—they have three passes between them to send the ball back over to your team.”在二对二比赛开始时，将球反弹到网外，让球飞向你的对手——对方有三次传球机会将球传回你的球队。可知，当玩Spikeball Game Set时需要四个玩家。故选B。
48．考查细节理解。根据 The Pocket Shot $25.00 部分中的"It's demanding yet thrilling.”它要求很高，但也很刺激；以及 Giant 4-Connect-In-A-Row $79.99 部分中的"Two players at a time try to insert their red or blue coins into the wooden frame to form a vertical or horizontal line of all the same color. It's way more challenging than you'd think. ”两名玩家一次将他们的红色或蓝色硬币插入木框中，形成一条颜色相同的垂直线或水平线。这比你想象的更有挑战性。可知，第二和第三个游戏的共同之处是它们需要技巧。故选C。
B
Facebook lets friends connect. They can give each other updates, share photos and post comments. But that's not all.
Facebook might also stress users out.
In a new study, 88 volunteers revealed how much time they spent on Facebook and the types of Facebook posts and comments that they made. In addition, they answered questions about their feelings and state of mind. They also offered saliva. Researchers tested it for cortisol（皮质醇）. This chemical is a stress hormone. Levels of it vary throughout the day.
In this study, people with the most Facebook friends, more than 300, had somewhat higher cortisol levels. Additionally, the more Facebook friends that users had, the more likely they were to feel anxious. On the other hand, youths who gave lots of "likes" and supportive comments on Facebook had lower cortisol levels. "The more social support you give to others, the lower your stress hormone levels will be, " says Lupien.
"This research decidedly combines the social science approach and the medical science approach on an important question in our social-media age, " says Wenhong Chen, a sociologist at the University of Texas at Austin. "It's really pleasantly new to see Lupien's team study cortisol levels—along with questionnaire data."
One finding from Lupien's work surprised Chen. Teens who felt they got a lot of support from others also had higher cortisol levels. Usually, she says, those feelings should protect people from stress. "There are many potential dangers of social media use among young people, " Chen notes. So, she says, enjoy Facebook, but be aware of the risks.
Lupien suggests that teen Facebook users share information with and support their friends on the site. They shouldn't just stay silent. "if anyone is more stressed, it's the watchers, not the sharers, " she says. Also, she recommends that people who use social media heavily should find time to take active walks, to run or to do other activities. Cortisol increases a person's energy. "The best way to reduce stress hormones is to use the energy, '' she says.
49．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．research applications B．research backgrounds
C．research contents D．research results
50．What should we do if we want to feel less stressed
A．Share as many photos as possible.
B．Listen to music frequently on social media.
C．Give more positive comments to others.
D．Communicate less with others on Facebook.
51．What is Wenhong Chen's attitude towards Lupien's study
A．Cautious B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
52．What can be learned from Lupien's suggestion
A．There are many dangers on social media.
B．Doing physical exercise helps reduce the levels of cortisol.
C．Sharers on Facebook live a happier life than watchers.
D．Getting support from e-friends makes us healthier.
【答案】49．C
50．C
51．D
52．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究发现，长期使用社交媒体的人，可以通过给别人积极的评论来降低自己压力荷尔蒙水平。此外，体育运动也可以降低皮质醇，从而降低人的压力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
49．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“In a new study, 88 volunteers revealed how much time they spent on Facebook and the types of Facebook posts and comments that they made. In addition, they answered questions about their feelings and state of mind. They also offered saliva. Researchers tested it for cortisol. （皮质醇） ”在一项新的研究中，88名志愿者花了多少时间在Facebook上，以及他们在Facebook上发表的帖子和评论的类型。此外，他们还回答关于他们感受和精神状态的问题。他们还提供唾液。研究人员测试他们的皮质醇。可知，本段主要介绍了研究的内容。故选C。
50．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"On the other hand, youths who gave lots of ‘likes’and supportive comments on Facebook had lower cortisol levels. ‘The more social support you give to others, the lower your stress hormone levels will be, 'says Lupien.”另一方面，在Facebook上给很多"赞"和支持性评论的年轻人的皮质醇水平较低。卢平说："你给与他人的支持越多，你的压力荷尔蒙水平就会越低"。可推测，如果我们想压力更少，可以多给别人积极的评论。故选C。
51．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的''‘This research decidedly combines the social science approach and the medical science approach on an important question in our social-media age,'says Wenhong Chen”陈文红说："这项研究明确地将社会科学方法和医学方法结合起来，来研究我们这个社交媒体时代的一个重要问题"；以及''It's ready pleasantly new to see Lupien's team study cortisol levels-along with questionnaire data. '' 看到卢平团队研究皮质醇水平和问卷调查数据，我们已经准备好迎接新的惊喜。可推测，陈文红对卢平团队的研究持支持态度。故选D。
52．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Also, she recommends that people who use social media heavily should find time to take active walks, to run or to do other activities. Cortisol increases a person's energy. ‘The best way to reduce stress hormones is to use the energy, ’ she says.”卢平建议频繁使用社交媒体的人应该找时间进行积极的散步、跑步或者其他活动。皮质醇增加一个人的能量。减少压力荷尔蒙的最好方法是利用这些能量。可知，体育锻炼可以消耗能量，从而降低皮质醇。故选B。
C
"Can you imagine " Diébédo Francis Kéré said to NPR, "I was born in Burkina Faso, a little village where there was no school. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could translate or read him his letters."
The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universit t Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built the innovative Gando Primary School.
Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better." In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write.
53．Why did the Pritzker Architecture Prize of 2022 come out as a surprise
A．Because it is the most famous prize.
B．Because the winner only designs schools.
C．Because another competitor was more famous.
D．Because Kéré wasn't first selected as a candidate.
54．What inspired Kéré's architecture work
A．His academic training in Berlin. B．Hardship in his early childhood.
C．An architectural contest. D．His experience traveling abroad.
55．Which of the following best describes Kéré as an architect
A．Creative and universal. B．Caring and practical.
C．Determined and ambitious. D．Devoted and productive.
56．What can be inferred about the schools designed by Kéré
A．They only use traditional materials.
B．They need no air-conditioning.
C．They are well-lit and cool.
D．They are built on oases.
【答案】53．C
54．B
55．B
56．C
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇新闻报道，报道了Diébédo Francis Kéré在2022年成为第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人，童年时艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
53．考查细节理解。根据第二段"The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic. ”第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人和其他人一样，对被选为该领域最著名的奖项感到惊讶。许多建筑师曾公开认为，2022年将是大卫·阿贾耶爵士的年度，他最出名的是设计了挪威的诺贝尔和平中心等著名建筑。Kéré，住在柏林，但他的大部分业务都在非洲，一直是——直到现在——很少为人所知，他的建筑包括一些小学和一个医疗诊所。可知，业内人士对于Sir David Adjaye这位建筑家获奖呼声颇高，相比之下本文主人公的主要作品都在非洲且名气不大，故选C。
54．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better." Kéré的建筑实践灵感来自于他自己在温度超过100华氏度的地区与大约100名其他孩子一起上学的经历。“里面很热。没有光，而外面阳光充足。我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想空间，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点"可知，Kéré童年时经历的艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。故选B。
55．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better. ”我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想余地，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点；以及"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write. ”在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。他希望这些建筑能唤起一种绿洲的感觉，为许多孩子提供一个快乐、学习读写的地方。可知，Kéré 设计的初衷是关心关爱孩子们的学习环境，在设计中，他非常注重因地制宜，使建筑更有实用性，可以看出Kéré关心他人且很务实。故选B。
56．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning.”在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。可知，Kéré 设计的学校，采光和通风都良好，故选C。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
D
Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy, in a breakthrough for any battery-run devices and technologies relying on the fast and reliable supply of electricity, including smart phones and tablets.
Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtin's School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor (电容器) could be of great benefit to all scientists, engineers and start-ups looking to solving the energy storage challenges of the future.
"All electronic devices require an energy source. While a battery needs to be recharged over time, a capacitor can be charged instantly because it stores energy by separating charged ions (离子), found in ionic liquids, " Ciampi said.
There are thousands of types of ionic liquids, a type of "liquid salt", and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor. What our team has done is designing a quick and easy test, able to be performed in a basic lab, which can measure both the ability to store charge when a solid electrode touches a given ionic liquid—a simple capacitor—as well as the stability of the device when charged.
"The simplicity this test means anyone can apply it without the need for expensive equipment. Using this method, researchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds produced a full charge, which did not ‘leak' (渗漏) and begin to diminish for at least four days, " Mr Belotti said.
The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer duration in the charged state and larger energy density.
57．What can the new method be used to do in the future
A．Help to choose smart phones.
B．Find materials used as energy.
C．Research energy sources of the future.
D．Settle the problem of storing energy.
58．What was the challenge in making a capacitor
A．Choosing the best ionic liquid. B．Figuring out the storing ability.
C．Devising a quick and easy test. D．Recharging a battery instantly.
59．What does the underlined word "diminish" in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Charge. B．Develop. C．Decrease. D．Expand.
60．What would be a suitable title for the text
A．The Importance of Selecting Ionic Liquid
B．A Good Method to Seek Perfect Ionic Liquid
C．Types of Ionic Liquids for Use in a Capacitor
D．A Simple and Affordable Battery
【答案】57．D
58．A
59．C
60．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科廷大学(Curtin University)的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合用于储存和供应能源。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
57．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy.”科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合储存和供应能源 。可知，这种新方法可以解决能源储存问题。故选D。
58．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"There are thousands of types of ionic liquids, a type of ‘liquid salt’, and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor.”离子液体有数千种，也就是"液体盐"的一种，直到现在，人们还很难知道哪种离子液体最适合用于电容器、可知，制造电容器的挑战是选择最好的离子液体。故选A。
59．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"researchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds produced a full charge, which did not ‘leak' ”研究人员发现，给手机充电60秒就能充满电，而且不会漏电；以及"for at least four days"可知，充满电以后电量至少持续四天才开始减少。可推知 diminish 是“减少”之意，故选C。
60．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy”科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合储存和供应能源；第二段中的"Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtin's School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor (电容器). ”该报告的主要作者、柯廷分子和生命科学学院的副教授Simone Ciampi说，这种简单、低成本的方法可以确定如何在电容器中产生并保持最高能量电荷；以及最后一段"The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer duration in the charged state and larger energy density.”下一步是利用这种新的筛选方法来寻找带电状态持续时间更长、能量密度更大的离子液体。可知，全文是围绕寻找一种简单经济的方法来展开文章内容的，所以用"一种好的方法，寻求完美的离子液体电容器"来作为文章标题是比较合适的。故选B。
六、书面表达
卡塔尔(Qatar)世界杯赛刚刚落幕，无处不在的中国元素成了人们津津乐道的话题。假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 Mike 对此非常感兴趣，写信给你想要了解近 10 年中国的发展变化，请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信：
1）写信目的；
2）简介中国近 10 年的发展变化；
3）你对这些变化的感受。
注意：
1）词数 80 词左右
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3）开头结尾已给，不计入词数
Dear Mike,
The Qatar World Cup is over.
I hope that you can come to China for a visit to experience more.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】【范文】Dear Mike,
The Qatar World Cup is over. I, as well as you, am amazed by the Chinese elements almost everywhere in the World Cup. Knowing that you are interested in the great changes in our country over the past decade, I'm glad to share some with you.
Actually, remarkable achievements have been made in our economy, life, science, and so forth. For example, the goal of poverty elimination has been achieved, thus paving the way for the accomplishment of common prosperity.
As a high school student, I'm proud of these achievements, which enhance my national confidence and motivate me to study harder.
I hope that you can come to China for a visit to experience more.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 写一封回信 。写作背景： 卡塔尔(Qatar)世界杯赛刚刚落幕，无处不在的中国元素成了人们津津乐道的话题。假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 Mike 对此非常感兴趣，写信给你想要了解近 10 年中国的发展变化 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）写信目的；2）简介中国近 10 年的发展变化；3）你对这些变化的感受。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I, as well as you, am amazed by the Chinese elements almost everywhere in the World Cup. 运用了主谓一致；Knowing that you are interested in the great changes in our country over the past decade, I'm glad to share some with you.运用了现在分词作原因状语，宾语从句；Actually, remarkable achievements have been made in our economy, life, science, and so forth. 运用了被动语态；
As a high school student, I'm proud of these achievements, which enhance my national confidence and motivate me to study harder.运用了非限制性定语从句；I hope that you can come to China for a visit to experience more.运用了宾语从句。
基础达标
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
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" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
新人教版必修一Unit1单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A book club can be a good way to develop an 1． (appreciate) of reading and new friendships, or it can be a big fat fail. The direction it takes really depends on how it 2． (manage).
Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is 3． (simple) the socials, think about forming a group to do social activities together.
Book club expert Davina Morgan-Witts conducted a survey of thousands of book club members. In that survey, 81 percent marked themselves as "very 4． (delight)" and they generally discussed the book for 75 minutes or longer.
5． (compare) with them, just 55 percent of people in the group talking for 20 minutes or less 6． (choose) the description of being happy.
"That's not to say social time is unimportant but it's secondary. It's because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions 7． the friendship forms, " Morgan-Witts explains. If you're eager 8． (discuss) books without all of the small talk, she suggests applying 9． membership of a public library group. "I was in one and it seemed 10． whole purpose of it was to get together to talk about books, " recalls Morgan-Witts.
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
A. crucial B. collapse C. passion D. lengthening E. depend F. refreshedG. alternative H. devoted I. Highlight J. varying K. delivery
Three Ways for Scientists to Manage Their Time Better
It is not necessary to become a workaholic to be a good scientist, although scientists often have great 11． for their research, and frequently work long hours. The amount and quality of what you achieve critically 12． on how effectively you manage your time. Here are some tips on how to better manage your time as a scientist.
●Make a plan
Consider blocking out your calendar into chunks of time 13． to a specific task. This is particularly important when you are writing a paper or report. Next comes the 14． step of prioritizing. 15． tasks on your list to signify their urgency. Focus only on one item at a time: the others can wait their turn. This list needs to be updated and reviewed regularly.
●Give yourself a break
Taking breaks is good for your brain. Don't be hard on yourself: you will actually perform better if you take breaks and cultivate a life outside science. This might seem counter-intuitive (违反直觉的) with all those tasks on your list, but solutions to apparently difficult problems can come from a 16． brain——and a brain that can keep things in perspective. During your working day, allow yourself time to think, to be open to new ideas and to chat with others about new methods.
Try to avoid looking at your work e-mails when you are not working. They do not need to be answered until the next working day. The world will not 17． if you delay reading some e-mails.
●Don't try to chase every great idea
The other side of permitting yourself time to explore 18． ideas, as well as the suggestions of managers and colleagues, is that you are left with a(n) 19． list of new directions to investigate. Try to distinguish between things that would be nice to have and things that are vital to the 20． of your project, or PhD, on time.
Succeeding against the odds and in the face of time pressure is one of the most valuable experiences you can offer to a future employer.
三、翻译
21．Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big (挑战), so I need to make a workable (时间表).
22．With the help of my friend Lily, I gradually (对……变得习惯)living in the countryside, so I was grateful to her.
23．我试图说服Jim在这个项目上与我们合作，但他似乎对此不感兴趣。(seem to do. )
24．毫无疑问人类会探索更遥远的太空。(there is never any doubt that…)
25．When the plane (起飞) Mrs. Brown felt very nervous, because it was the first time that she had flown in a plane.
26．当我刚要离开时，Miss Sun让我去她的办公室拿点重要的东西。(be about to do. )
27．在我看来，攀岩运动和骑自行车一样都不危险。(no more +ad. +than)
28．When you get to the top of the mountain, you will see (一排排)of houses.
29．我表哥昨天去纽约了：这就是为什么他明天不能来参加我的生日聚会的原因。(that is why…)
30．正是在Mr Smith成立了自己的公司之后，他才明白创业是多么地难。（强调句型）
四、完形填空
My family unit of four was on the stricter side when it came to COVID- 19 precautions. We had decided not to attend most group 31． . We had 32． about the health risks posed by this new virus, especially as we waited for our kids to be vaccinated.
My parents came up from Texas in December 2020 to quarantine (隔离期) before seeing us and 33． to visit us occasionally after that. We tried to visit them too but got 34． twice—first when the virus Delta made the trip
too 35． , then when my grandma and my older son separately were 36． with Omicron.
Finally, in February 2022, we got there. It had been more than two years once my kids had seen my grandparents, and my younger son did not 37． being on a plane. We met my parents, grandparents, aunt, uncle, and cousins in Colorado. There, my kids 38． her baby cousin. I 39． my kids as they swam, watched fireworks, generally 40． with their older cousins. They were so 41． with everyone, despite how infrequently we had gotten together over the past few years.
Several times, I looked over at my kids playing with my relatives, their relatives, forming their own 42． , and felt something that I rarely feel about being with other people: longing, the 43． for more of this.
As COVID- 19 is not over, we are still trying to keep our 44． limited. But with our younger son finally 45． we are cracking open the door, just a little, to be with the people we love.
31．A．work B．discussions C．gatherings D．talk
32．A．concern B．prediction C．knowledge D．argument
33．A．left B．called C．returned D．chatted
34．A．lost B．stopped C．fined D．hurt
35．A．shocking B．embarrassing C．tiring D．frightening
36．A．infected B．connected C．bored D．unsatisfied
37．A．regret B．remember C．imagine D．consider
38．A．played tricks on B．made jokes about
C．fell in love with D．got in touch with
39．A．chased B．observed C．ignored D．admired
40．A．working B．fighting C．jumping D．messing
41．A．generous B．curious C．comfortable D．modest
42．A．bonds B．friendships C．values D．opinions
43．A．desire B．sympathy C．love D．pity
44．A．hobbies B．expenses C．choices D．exposures
45．A．educated B．vaccinated C．changed D．cured
五、阅读理解
A
Experts say that engaging in playful activities through adulthood can help lower stress, improve cognitive functions, and build social bonds with others, which is so much more than what your phone can do for you. So what are you waiting for Round up the family, grab one of these lawn games for adults, and let the good time sroll.
Spikeball Game Set $59.99
The flexible, hula-hoop-sized net stands on its foldable legs and can be taken to the beach or the park to give four players plenty of space to run around. Start the two-on-two game by bouncing a ball off the net, sending it flying toward your opponents—they have three passes between them to send the ball back over to your team. When they miss, you score, and the first one to get to 21 wins.
The Pocket Shot $25.00
Who doesn't love lining up cans and shooting them down with a slingshot It's demanding yet thrilling. The Pocket Shot is a super powerful slingshot that shoots at two or three times the rate of a regular slingshot. It's super tiny, so it fits in your pocket.
Giant 4-Connect-In-A-Row $79.99
Two players at a time try to insert their red or blue coins into the wooden frame to form a vertical or horizontal line of all the same color. It's way more challenging than you'd think.
46．According to the first paragraph, in what way can lawn games benefit adults
A．Helping them gain strong build. B．Boosting their intelligence.
C．Stopping their phone use. D．Ridding them of pressure.
47．How many players are needed when Spikeball Game Set is played
A．Two. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
48．What do the second and third game have in common
A．They are of pocket size. B．They are cheap to buy.
C．They take skills to play. D．They need two players.
B
Facebook lets friends connect. They can give each other updates, share photos and post comments. But that's not all.
Facebook might also stress users out.
In a new study, 88 volunteers revealed how much time they spent on Facebook and the types of Facebook posts and comments that they made. In addition, they answered questions about their feelings and state of mind. They also offered saliva. Researchers tested it for cortisol（皮质醇）. This chemical is a stress hormone. Levels of it vary throughout the day.
In this study, people with the most Facebook friends, more than 300, had somewhat higher cortisol levels. Additionally, the more Facebook friends that users had, the more likely they were to feel anxious. On the other hand, youths who gave lots of "likes" and supportive comments on Facebook had lower cortisol levels. "The more social support you give to others, the lower your stress hormone levels will be, " says Lupien.
"This research decidedly combines the social science approach and the medical science approach on an important question in our social-media age, " says Wenhong Chen, a sociologist at the University of Texas at Austin. "It's really pleasantly new to see Lupien's team study cortisol levels—along with questionnaire data."
One finding from Lupien's work surprised Chen. Teens who felt they got a lot of support from others also had higher cortisol levels. Usually, she says, those feelings should protect people from stress. "There are many potential dangers of social media use among young people, " Chen notes. So, she says, enjoy Facebook, but be aware of the risks.
Lupien suggests that teen Facebook users share information with and support their friends on the site. They shouldn't just stay silent. "if anyone is more stressed, it's the watchers, not the sharers, " she says. Also, she recommends that people who use social media heavily should find time to take active walks, to run or to do other activities. Cortisol increases a person's energy. "The best way to reduce stress hormones is to use the energy, '' she says.
49．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．research applications B．research backgrounds
C．research contents D．research results
50．What should we do if we want to feel less stressed
A．Share as many photos as possible.
B．Listen to music frequently on social media.
C．Give more positive comments to others.
D．Communicate less with others on Facebook.
51．What is Wenhong Chen's attitude towards Lupien's study
A．Cautious B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
52．What can be learned from Lupien's suggestion
A．There are many dangers on social media.
B．Doing physical exercise helps reduce the levels of cortisol.
C．Sharers on Facebook live a happier life than watchers.
D．Getting support from e-friends makes us healthier.
C
"Can you imagine " Diébédo Francis Kéré said to NPR, "I was born in Burkina Faso, a little village where there was no school. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could translate or read him his letters."
The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universit t Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built the innovative Gando Primary School.
Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better." In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write.
53．Why did the Pritzker Architecture Prize of 2022 come out as a surprise
A．Because it is the most famous prize.
B．Because the winner only designs schools.
C．Because another competitor was more famous.
D．Because Kéré wasn't first selected as a candidate.
54．What inspired Kéré's architecture work
A．His academic training in Berlin. B．Hardship in his early childhood.
C．An architectural contest. D．His experience traveling abroad.
55．Which of the following best describes Kéré as an architect
A．Creative and universal. B．Caring and practical.
C．Determined and ambitious. D．Devoted and productive.
56．What can be inferred about the schools designed by Kéré
A．They only use traditional materials.
B．They need no air-conditioning.
C．They are well-lit and cool.
D．They are built on oases.
D
Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy, in a breakthrough for any battery-run devices and technologies relying on the fast and reliable supply of electricity, including smart phones and tablets.
Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtin's School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor (电容器) could be of great benefit to all scientists, engineers and start-ups looking to solving the energy storage challenges of the future.
"All electronic devices require an energy source. While a battery needs to be recharged over time, a capacitor can be charged instantly because it stores energy by separating charged ions (离子), found in ionic liquids, " Ciampi said.
There are thousands of types of ionic liquids, a type of "liquid salt", and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor. What our team has done is designing a quick and easy test, able to be performed in a basic lab, which can measure both the ability to store charge when a solid electrode touches a given ionic liquid—a simple capacitor—as well as the stability of the device when charged.
"The simplicity this test means anyone can apply it without the need for expensive equipment. Using this method, researchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds produced a full charge, which did not ‘leak' (渗漏) and begin to diminish for at least four days, " Mr Belotti said.
The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer duration in the charged state and larger energy density.
57．What can the new method be used to do in the future
A．Help to choose smart phones.
B．Find materials used as energy.
C．Research energy sources of the future.
D．Settle the problem of storing energy.
58．What was the challenge in making a capacitor
A．Choosing the best ionic liquid. B．Figuring out the storing ability.
C．Devising a quick and easy test. D．Recharging a battery instantly.
59．What does the underlined word "diminish" in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Charge. B．Develop. C．Decrease. D．Expand.
60．What would be a suitable title for the text
A．The Importance of Selecting Ionic Liquid
B．A Good Method to Seek Perfect Ionic Liquid
C．Types of Ionic Liquids for Use in a Capacitor
D．A Simple and Affordable Battery
六、书面表达
卡塔尔(Qatar)世界杯赛刚刚落幕，无处不在的中国元素成了人们津津乐道的话题。假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 Mike 对此非常感兴趣，写信给你想要了解近 10 年中国的发展变化，请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信：
1）写信目的；
2）简介中国近 10 年的发展变化；
3）你对这些变化的感受。
注意：
1）词数 80 词左右
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3）开头结尾已给，不计入词数
Dear Mike,
The Qatar World Cup is over.
I hope that you can come to China for a visit to experience more.
Yours,
Li Hua
基础达标
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
