中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
新人教版必修一Unit 2单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
Earthquakes are quite common. In fact, thousands of earthquakes are happening almost at every moment. 1． , most of them are too weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a big noise first. Then the earth shakes 2． (terrible) and many houses fall down.
As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, earthquakes often result 3． many people being injured or killed. In 2008, a terrible earthquake 4． (strike) China's Sichuan Province, killing tens of thousands of people there.
Besides the great damage and deaths 5． (cause) by the earthquake, other accidents such as fires often follow. More buildings may be damaged and more injuries may be caused. For 6． (century), people have been making studies of earthquakes. About 2,000 years ago, for example, 7． Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine which could find out the direction where the earthquake waves came.
With the rapid 8． (develop) of modern science and technology, we now know a lot 9． (much) about earthquakes. However, scientists still have difficulty 10． (predict) exactly when and where the earthquake will happen, and can't stop it from happening.
【答案】1．However；2．terribly；3．in；4．struck；5．caused；6．centuries；7．a；8．development；9．more；10．predicting
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上最致命的自然灾害之一——地震，和它给人们带来的灾难以及为预防地震科学家所付出的努力。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，介词，时态，非谓语动词，名词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：但是，它们中的大多数都太弱了，感觉不到。前后是转折关系，后有逗号，应用副词however，故填 However 。
2．句意：句意：然后，大地可怕地震动，许多房屋倒塌。句中shakes是谓语动词，由副词修饰，故填terribly。
3．句意：作为世界上最致命的自然灾害之一，地震经常导致许多人受伤或死亡。result in固定短语，“导致，结果是”，故填in。
4．句意：在2008年，一场可怕的地震袭击了中国四川省，造成严重的人员伤亡。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语In 2008,可知，应用一般过去时，故填struck。
5．句意：除了地震造成的巨大破坏和死亡，其他事故如火灾经常随之而来。句中the great damage and deaths和动词cause之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。
6．句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直在研究地震。所给词century是可数名词，这里指“几个世纪”，所以用名词复数。故填centuries。
7．句意：例如，大约2000年前，一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器，这种机器可以知道地震波来的方向。这里表示泛指，Chinese是以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a表示“一位名叫张衡的中国科学家”。故填a。
8．句意：随着现代科学技术的快速发展，我们现在对地震有了更多的了解。句中rapid是形容词，修饰名词，所给词develop是动词，其名词是development。故填development。
9．句意：随着现代科学技术的快速发展，我们现在对地震有了更多的了解。此处暗含比较，应用副词比较级，故填more。
10．句意：然而，对科学家来说，准确预测地震发生的时间和地点，并不能阻止它的发生仍然是困难的。 have difficulty doing固定短语，“做.....有困难”，故填 predicting 。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
at large; safe and sound; occur to; keep one's head; hold on to;in case; to one's relief; a series of; at the same time
11．Space travel can be so delightful but invisibly dangerous.
12．Mobile phone users have developed symbols to show how they feel.
13． , the accident caused little damage to his health.
14．The old man the back of the chair to stop himself from falling.
15．I took my driving license with me on holiday, I wanted to hire a car .
16．Two days later, the missing children returned home .
17．Faced with this situation, a good idea suddenly him.
18．When you are faced with challenges, you should .
19．I think the chances of getting reforms accepted by the community remain extremely remote.
【答案】11．at the same time
12．a series of
13．To his relief
14．held on to
15．in case
16．safe and sound
17．occurred to
18．keep your head
19．at large
【解析】【分析】at large介词短语，“大体上，一般”； safe and sound形容词短语，“安然无恙的”; occur to动词短语，“使想起”； keep one's head动词短语，“保持镇静”; hold on to动词短语，“坚持，紧紧抓住”；in case介词短语，“以免，以防”； to one's relief介词短语，“使某人感到轻松的是，令某人感到宽慰的是”; a series of固定短语，“一系列的”; at the same time介词短语，“同时”。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
11．句意：太空旅行可以是如此令人愉快，但同时又是无形的危险。 at the same time介词短语，“同时”，此处作状语，故填at the same time 。
12．句意：手机用户开发了一系列符号来表达他们的感受。a series of固定短语，“一系列的”，此处修饰名词 symbols ，故填 a series of 。
13．句意：令他欣慰的是，事故对他的健康几乎没有造成损害。 to one's relief介词短语，“使某人感到轻松的是，令某人感到宽慰的是”，此处作状语，故填To his relief 。
14．句意：老人紧紧抓住椅背，以免摔倒。 hold on to动词短语，“坚持，紧紧抓住”，此处是谓语动词，结合语境应用一般过去时，故填held on to 。
15．句意：我带着驾驶执照去度假，以防我想租车。in case介词短语，“以免，以防”，此处引导目的状语从句，故填in case。
16．句意：两天后，失踪的孩子平安回家。 safe and sound形容词短语，“安然无恙的”，此处形容词作状语，故填safe and sound 。
17．句意：面对这种情况，他突然想到了一个好主意。occur to动词短语，“使想起”，此处是谓语动词，结合语境应用一般过去时，故填occurred to 。
18．句意：当你面对挑战时，你应该保持冷静。 keep one's head动词短语，“保持镇静”，should后接动词原形，故填keep your head 。
19．句意：我认为，让整个社会接受改革的机会仍然极为渺茫。at large介词短语，“大体上，一般”，此处作状语，故填at large 。
三、翻译
20．在我看来，真正重要的是一个健康的生活方式，好的生活习惯和积极的生活态度。(what really matters is…)
【答案】As far as I'm concerned, what really matters is a healthy lifestyle, good living habits and a positive attitude towards life.
【解析】【分析】“ 在我看来 ”应用固定短语 as far as I'm concerned ，“ 真正重要的是 ”是what引导的主语从句，译为： what really matters is… ；“ 是一个健康的生活方式，好的生活习惯和积极的生活态度 ”用 a healthy lifestyle, good living habits and a positive attitude towards life表达，故答案为：As far as I'm concerned, what really matters is a healthy lifestyle, good living habits and a positive attitude towards life.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及主语从句和固定短语 as far as I'm concerned。
21．To Jenny's disappointment, the life in the countryside was (完全不同于)what she had imagined.
【答案】a world away from
【解析】【分析】句意：让珍妮失望的是，农村的生活与她想象的完全不同。“ 完全不同于 ”应用固定短语 a world away from，此处是表语，故填 a world away from 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语a world away from。
22．经理坐在会议室前面，他的笑容表明他对这个计划很满意。（独立主格结构）
【答案】The manager sat in the front of the meeting room, his smile showing that he was satisfied with the plan.
【解析】【分析】“ 经理坐在会议室前面 ”是“主谓”结构，应用一般过去时，译为： The manager sat in the front of the meeting room ；“ 他的笑容表明他对这个计划很满意 ”用 his smile showing that he was satisfied with the plan 表达，应用宾语从句以及固定短语be satisfied with，结合题目要求要求，应用独立主格结构 ，故答案为：The manager sat in the front of the meeting room, his smile showing that he was satisfied with the plan.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及独立主格结构以及固定短语be satisfied with和宾语从句。
23．At the age of 28, Henry (对旅游着迷), so he quit his job and went to travel around the world.
【答案】was bitten by the travel bug
【解析】【分析】句意：28岁时，亨利对旅游着迷 ，于是他辞去了工作，去了在世界各地旅行。“ 对旅游着迷”应用固定短语be bitten by the travel bug ,是谓语动词，结合 so he quit his job and went to travel around the world的时态，应用一般过去时，故填was bitten by the travel bug 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时以及固定短语be bitten by the travel bug。
24．As far as I know, Mike was quite uncertain (关于)whether he could get along well with his new roommate.
【答案】as to
【解析】【分析】句意：据我所知，迈克很不确定他能否和他的新室友和睦相处。“ 关于 ”应用固定短语as to，故填 as to。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语 as to 。
25．我开车去停车场，却发现里面停满了各种各样的车辆。
I drove to the parking lot was fully parked with all kinds of vehicles.
【答案】only；to；find
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“结果发现”，翻译为only to find，此处“only to do...”，表示出乎意料的结果。故答案为， only to find。
【点评】考查结果状语，注意识记短语“only to do...” 。
26．我正在房间里睡觉，这时有人敲门。
I in the room ere was a knock at the door.
【答案】was；sleeping；when
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“睡觉”，翻译为“sleep”，此处是时间状语从句“sb be doing....when...”，“某人正在做某事，这时....”。根据从句中“was”，可知主句应用一般过去进行时。故答案为， was； sleeping ；when。
【点评】考查时间状语从句。注意识记短语“正在做某事……这时……”,“be doing....when...”。
27．当我第一次遇到杰克时，他还只是个孩子。
I met Jack, he was just a child.
【答案】The；first；time
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“第一次”，翻译为“the first time”，the位于句首首字母大写，故答案为 The first time。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记时间状语从句以及次数表达法。
28．她眼里噙着高兴的泪水，看着女儿结婚。
she saw her daughter get married.
【答案】With；tears；of；joy；in；her；eyes
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“她眼里噙着高兴的泪水”，翻译为with tears of joy in her eye，此处是“with+宾语+宾补”，with 位于句首，首字母大写，故答案为 With tears of joy in her eye。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记with的复合结构。
29．上一年级的第一天，我站在门口，心里七上八下的。
On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door .
【答案】with；butterflies；in；my；stomach
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 心里七上八下的 ”， 应用固定短语butterflies in one's stomach“忐忑不安”，此处应用with的复合结构作状语，故答案为：with；butterflies；in；my；stomach。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及with的复合结构以及固定短语butterflies in one's stomach。
四、完形填空
Bobby, a poor guy was famous for his tries to climb the big snowy mountain. He had tried at least 30 times, but had always 30． . Every time, he began the climbing at a good pace. But as he went on, he would look down at his painful 31． more often. Finally when the clouds had gathered round him, he understood that he wouldn't be able to enjoy the view from the top.
Last month, he went up the 32． with Peeper, who gave him a pair of special sunglasses. "If it starts clouding over, put these 33． on, or if your feet start hurting, put them on too. These are special glasses; they will help you. "Bobby 34． the gift without thinking much, but when his feet started 35． again, he remembered what Peeper had said and he put on the glasses. The pain was pretty bad, but with those new sunglasses he could still manage to continue. This time the 36． were so light that he could still see the top through them. And so Bobby kept climbing, leaving the clouds behind, forgetting his 37． , and finally arriving at the top. It was certainly worth it.
Peeper had drawn a light 38． on the lenses (镜片), in the form of the snow-covered mountain top. It was made in such a way that you could only 39． it if you looked upwards. Peeper had understood that whenever Bobby lost sight of his 40． , he would similarly lose sight of his dream, and his 41． to continue would weaken.
Bobby realized that the only difficulty of reaching the top had been his own 42． . When he could no longer see the top of the mountain, the problems 43． . He thanked Peeper for using that little 44． to help him see that his aims were not impossible, and that they were still there, where they had always been.
30．A．stopped B．dropped C．fallen D．failed
31．A．feet B．shorts C．hats D．gloves
32．A．road B．mountain C．tower D．top
33．A．trousers B．clothes C．shoes D．glasses
34．A．got B．disliked C．accepted D．refused
35．A．complaining B．working C．hurting D．shaking
36．A．trees B．grass C．glasses D．clouds
37．A．failure B．pain C．joy D．aim
38．A．picture B．symbol C．signal D．message
39．A．move B．feel C．change D．see
40．A．goal B．power C．success D．journey
41．A．preference B．will C．ability D．decoration
42．A．mistake B．pride C．ignorance D．discouragement
43．A．rose B．raised C．arose D．disappeared
44．A．technology B．tool C．trick D．treat
【答案】30．D；31．A；32．B；33．D；34．C；35．C；36．D；37．B；38．A；39．D；40．A；41．B；42．D；43．C；44．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位登山者Bobby登山的故事。尽管Bobby多次尝试登雪山，但都失败了。后来在朋友的帮助下，终于成功。故事告诉我们，只要有梦想，没有什么是不可能的。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
30．句意：他至少试了30次，但总是失败。A. stopped停止；B. dropped下降；C. fallen掉落；D. failed失败。but表示转折，他不断尝试但总是“失败failed”，故选D。
31．句意：但当他继续往前走的时候，他会更频繁地低头看自己疼痛的脚。A. feet脚；B. shorts短袖；C. hats帽子；D. gloves手套。根据下文“if your feet start hurting，put them on too如果你的脚开始疼了，也戴上（眼镜）”，可知随着登山的继续，“脚feet”会痛，所以Bobby频繁地低头看着自己疼痛的脚，故选A。
32．句意：上个月，他和Peeper一起去爬山，Peeper给了他一副特别的太阳镜。A. road路；B. mountain山；C. tower塔；D. top顶。根据上文“Bobby，a poor guy was famous for his tries to climb the big snowy mountain鲍比是一个穷人，他因为试图爬上这座雪山而出名”，可知Bobby上个月与Peeper去登“山mountain”，故选B。
33．句意：如果天气开始变阴，就戴上眼镜，或者如果你的脚开始疼，也戴上眼镜。A. trousers裤子；B. clothes衣服；C. shoes鞋；D. glasses眼镜。根据下文“These are special glasses这是特殊的眼镜”，可知Peeper给Bobby的是“眼镜glasses”，故选D。
34．句意：鲍比没多想就接受了礼物，但当他的脚又开始痛时，他想起了皮珀说的话，就戴上了眼镜。A. got得到；B. disliked不喜欢；C. accepted接受；D. refused拒绝。特殊的眼镜能够给Bobby带来帮助，他肯定会愿意“接受accepted”，故选C。
35．句意：鲍比没多想就接受了礼物，但当他的脚又开始痛时，他想起了皮珀说的话，就戴上了眼镜。A. complaining抱怨；B. working工作；C. hurting伤害；D. shaking摇晃。根据上文“if your feet start hurting，put them on too如果你的脚开始疼了，也戴上（眼镜）”，可知他想起了Peeper所说的话：在脚“疼hurting”时戴上眼镜，故选C。
36．句意：这次云层很轻，他仍然可以透过云层看到山顶。A. trees树；B. grass草；C. glasses眼镜；D. clouds云。由上文“the clouds had gathered round him乌云把他团团围住”，可知他透过“云层clouds”看到了山顶，故选D。
37．句意：于是，鲍比继续攀登，把云层抛在身后，忘记了他的痛苦。A. failure失败；B. pain疼痛；C. joy高兴；D. aim目的。Bobby不断前进，不再低头看脚，忘记了脚的“疼痛pain”，故选B。
38．句意：皮珀在镜片上画了一幅浅色的画，画的是白雪覆盖的山顶。A. picture图画；B. symbol象征；C. signal信号；D. message信息。 根据下文“in the form of the snow-covered mountain top以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式”，可知Peeper所画的是一个“图片picture”，故选A。
39．句意：它的制作方式是这样的，只有你向上看才能看到它。A. move移动；B. feel感觉；C. change改变；D. see看见。根据下文的“lost sight of看不见”可知，Bobby抬头时能“看见see”目标，故选D。
40．句意：皮珀明白，只要鲍比看不到他的目标，他就会同样看不到他的梦想，他继续下去的意志就会减弱。A. goal目标；B. power力量；C. success成功；D. journey 旅行。根据上文Bobby登山时遇到云雾从而失败可知，其原因在于看不到山顶，也就是看不到“目标goal”，故选A。
41．句意：皮珀明白，只要鲍比看不到他的目标，他就会同样看不到他的梦想，他继续下去的意志就会减弱。A. preference偏好；B. will意志力；C. ability能力；D. decoration装饰。看不到目标的Bobby会失去信心，没有足够的“意志力will”继续前进，故选B。
42．句意：鲍比意识到登顶的唯一困难是他自己的沮丧。A. mistake错误；B. pride骄傲；C. ignorance忽视；D. discouragement 泄气。根据下文“see that his aims were not impossible知道他的目标不是不可能的”，可知Bobby的目标不是不可能，而是自己在看不见目标时会产生“灰心、泄气discouragement”的情绪，故选D。
43．句意：当他再也看不到山顶时，问题就出现了。A. rose升高；B. raised使……升高；C. arose出现；D. disappeared 消失。Bobby看不见山顶时便不再攀登，问题就“出现了arose”，故选C。
44．句意：他感谢皮珀用这个小技巧帮助他认识到他的目标不是不可能的，而且它们还在那里，它们一直都在那里。A. technology技术；B. tool工具；C. trick技巧；D. treat 对待。联系上文“These are special glasses;they will help you这是特殊的眼镜，对你有帮助”，可知Peeper采用一个“小技巧trick”帮助Bobby实现了目标，故选C。
五、阅读理解
A
Having lived in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6. 0. There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown in the website. So, my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church. As the building started to shake, I quickly headed for the door to go outside. I remember I said a little prayer—something like, "Help me get out of here in time, Dear Heavenly Father". Minutes later, I was safe outside.
45．The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about .
A．a new film about an earthquake
B．how to survive an earthquake
C．his three earthquake experiences
D．how to save children in an earthquake
46．The earthquakes the author has experienced .
A．all caused bodily harm B．are all recorded in a website
C．all measured more than 6. 0 D．all happened in California
47．What does the underlined part "the famous landmark" refer to
A．A church.
B．Disneyland.
C．A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D．The place where the author was born.
48．Which of the following statements is NOT true about the third earthquake
A．It happened in the author's sixties.
B．The author succeeded in getting outside.
C．When it happened, the author was in a church.
D．The author was too afraid to walk when it happened.
【答案】45．C
46．D
47．B
48．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己经历过的三次难忘的地震。
【点评】本文涉及细节题、写作意图题和词义猜测题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；写作意图题需要根据人称、语气、主题句和具体内容等猜测写作意图；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思。
45．写作意图题。根据第三段的第一句话“There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget有三次地震令人难以忘怀”，可知作者主要是向读者介绍了自己经历的三次难忘的地震，故选C。
46．细节题。根据第三段中的“The first one was in 1955. . . in California第一次是在1955年……在加州”和第四段以及第五段的“My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California我第三次经历地震是在加州的一次孤独经历”，可知它们都发生在加州，故选D。
47．词义猜测题。根据上文“Our entire family was visiting Disneyland我们全家去迪斯尼乐园玩”，可知此处的“the famous landmark”指的是迪士尼乐园，故选B。
48．细节题。根据最后一段中的“I quickly headed for the door to go outside我赶紧朝门口走去，要出去”，可知作者很快就跑出去了，故选D。
B
Far from the land of Antarctica (南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod (南极鳕).
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death It must have some secrets. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish's blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1. 88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2. 05℃. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.
The scientists' next research job was clear:Find out what in the fish's blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules (分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein.
49．What is the text mainly about
A．The ice shelf around Antarctica.
B．Protection of the Antarctic cod.
C．The terrible conditions in Antarctic.
D．A special fish living in freezing waters.
50．Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature
A．It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture.
B．A special protein keeps it from freezing.
C．The seawater has a temperature of -1. 88℃.
D．Its blood has a temperature lower than -2. 05℃.
51．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 5 refer to
A．The fish's blood. B．The sugar molecule.
C．A newly found protein. D．A type of ice-salt mixture.
52．What does "glyco" in the underlined word "glycoprotein" in the last paragraph mean
A．Sugar. B．Ice. C．Blood. D．Molecule.
【答案】49．D
50．B
51．C
52．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种生活在南极的鱼，叫做南极鳕。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题、代词指代题和主旨题等四种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
49．主旨大意题。通读本文和第一段中的“At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod在冰架的下面生活着一种小鱼，南极鳕鱼”，可知文章介绍了一种名叫南极鳕的鱼类，它可以在极低的水温中存活，故选D。
50．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature他们的研究发现了一些非常奇怪的东西，由一种以前从未在鱼的血液中发现过的蛋白质组成。当它被取出时，血液在海水温度下冻结”，可知一种特殊的蛋白质使得这种鱼可以生活在冰点温度中，故选B。
51．代词指代题。根据上文“Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish他们的研究发现了一些非常奇怪的东西，由一种以前从未在鱼的血液中发现过的蛋白质组成”，可知it代指上文出现的这种新发现的蛋白质，故选C。
52．词义猜测题。根据上文的“Because of its sugar content因为它的含糖”，可知这种蛋白质含糖，故选A。
C
It's a good idea for families to talk about what they would do to escape a fire. You'll want to know how to escape from a fire, so let's start here.
An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are, so it's important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home. If you live in an apartment building, you'll want to know the best way to the stair or other emergency exits. If you're in a room with the door closed when the fire breaks out, you need to take a few extra steps:
Check to see if there's heat or smoke coming in the cracks (裂缝) around the door.
If you don't see smoke—touch the door. If the door is hot or very warm—don't open the door!
If you don't see smoke and the door is not hot—then use your fingers to lightly touch the doorknob (门把手). If the doorknob is hot or very warm—don't open the door!
If the doorknob feels cool, and you can't see any smoke around the door, you can open the door very carefully and slowly. When you open the door, if you feel a burst of heat, or smoke pours into the room, quickly shut the door and make sure it is really closed. If there's no smoke or heat when you open the door, go toward your escape route exit.
53．The best title for the passage is .
A．How to Deal with Smoke from a Fire
B．How to Make an Escape Plan and an Escape Route
C．The Best Way to Find the Stair or Other Emergency Exits
D．Steps on How to Escape a Fire in a Room with the Door Closed
54．If you are in a room where there is a fire, the writer suggests that you should .
A．get outside quickly and safely
B．stay in the room and wait for help
C．try to put out the fire by yourself
D．jump out of the room through windows
55．What should you do if you find heavy smoke goes into the room
A．Find the nearest stair and run down.
B．Close the door as quickly as possible.
C．Open the door very carefully and slowly.
D．Escape from your room as quickly as possible.
56．Where does this passage probably come from
A．A safety guide book. B．A traffic guide book.
C．A science fiction. D．A science report.
【答案】53．D
54．A
55．B
56．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文, 主要讲述火灾发生时如何逃生。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
53．主旨大意题。根据文章内容特别是第二段中的“If you're in a room with the door closed when the fire breaks out, you need to take a few extra steps如果火灾发生时你在一个关着门的房间里，你需要采取一些额外的步骤”，可知文章主要是关于如何在关着门的房间里逃离火灾，故选D。
54．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The idea is to get outside quickly and safely这样做的目的是为了快速安全地离开”，可知如果你在一个着火的房间里，作者的建议是快速并安全地从房间里出去，故选A。
55．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“if you feel a burst of heat, or smoke pours into the room, quickly shut the door and make sure it is really closed如果你感觉到一股热气或浓烟涌进房间，迅速关门，并确保它真的关好了”，可知发现烟进入你的房间时，应该立即关门，故选B。
56．推理判断题。这篇文章是向读者说明发生火灾时如何逃生，因此应该出现在安全指导用书上，故选A。
D
When I was in medical college, I went camping with some of my friends. The season was summer;therefore, we chose to go to the seaside. After arriving there, we rented a room and left our luggage there. We finished lunch and then decided to rent a boat because the sea and the weather were beautiful.
We started to row, but about one mile out, the weather suddenly changed. Although the weather was not good, we didn't want to give up. But finally my friends and I agreed that we should go back. We tried to change the boat's direction, but as soon as we changed it, the oarlock(桨架) broke. Therefore, we were unable to turn back. We had to wait for help because we couldn't do anything.
After seeing the change of weather, we shouldn't have continued to row, but it was too late. We regretted it. The sea changed a lot, the waves got very high, and the boat began to shake like a cradle. One of my friends started to cry; another started to vomit. Three hours passed, but nobody came to help us. We were just praying.
Fortunately, after five long hours of waiting, two big boats came to rescue us and we escaped. If they hadn't come to get us, we would have crossed the border between Turkey and Greece because the border was very close.
This story is the most exciting story of my life because we could have died, but luck was with us and we escaped.
57．What does the author mainly tell in this passage
A．A scary experience at sea.
B．An exciting experience when swimming.
C．The changeable weather at the seaside.
D．It is dangerous to boat at sea.
58．They were not able to turn back because .
A．the weather was bad for them to do so
B．they couldn't change the boat's direction
C．they couldn't row the boat
D．they didn't know which way to go
59．What they regretted was that when the weather changed.
A．they went camping at the seaside B．they went on rowing
C．the waves got very high D．they started too late
【答案】57．A
58．C
59．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要记叙了作者在海上获救的一次经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
57．主旨大意题。全文讲述了作者“海上划船—天气突变—桨架断裂—等待救援”的过程，主要讲的是作者在海上的一次可怕经历，故选A。
58．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We tried to change the boat's direction, but as soon as we changed it, the oarlock broke. Therefore, we were unable to turn back我们试图改变船的方向，但刚改变方向，船桨就断了。因此，我们无法回头”，可知他们的桨架断了，致使他们无法划船，这正是他们无法返回的原因，故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After seeing the change of weather, we shouldn't have continued to row, but it was too late. We regretted it看到天气的变化，我们不应该继续划船，但已经太晚了。我们后悔了”，可知在看到变天后，他们不应该再继续划船，其中后半个分句是虚拟语气，表示“本来(不)应该做某事”，因此作者认为当时不应该继续划船，故选B。
六、书面表达
假如你是李华，有一天周末和几个同学一起去爬山，看到有人在山上用网捉鸟，觉得有必要向世界自然基金会(WWF)反映这一情况。请写一封邮件，内容包括:
1）山上看到的情况;
2）保护鸟类的原因;
3）保护措施。
注意:
1）词数80左右;
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3）邮件开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
Dear WWF,
I am Li Hua, one of a middle school students. I am writing to
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear WWF,
I am Li Hua, one of a middle school students. I am writing to inform you of the situation where the birds are living. Some people are catching the lovely birds in the woods on the top of the mountain in our area. What's worse, a few people even put birds on tables for dinner.
It is known that animals and birds are human beings' friends. We are to live harmoniously with them. For one thing, they can catch pests of the plants for farmers. For another, without birds our forests would not be lively and our environment would miss a friendly member.
In order to protect birds from being caught or killed, we should widely spread the laws of animal protection. Besides, education and raising people's awareness are effective measures.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文邮件，要求考生以李华的名义，用英文写一封邮件，向世界自然基金会(WWF)反映有人在山上用网捉鸟的现象，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）山上看到的情况；2）保护鸟类的原因；3）保护措施。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力，需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇个固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I am writing to inform you of the situation where the birds are living运用了定语从句；It is known that animals and birds are human beings' friends运用了it作形式主语指代真实主语的句型；without birds our forests would not be lively and our environment would miss a friendly member运用了虚拟语气；Besides, education and raising people's awareness are effective measures要运用了V-ing短语作主语。
基础达标
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新人教版必修一Unit 2单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
Earthquakes are quite common. In fact, thousands of earthquakes are happening almost at every moment. 1． , most of them are too weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a big noise first. Then the earth shakes 2． (terrible) and many houses fall down.
As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, earthquakes often result 3． many people being injured or killed. In 2008, a terrible earthquake 4． (strike) China's Sichuan Province, killing tens of thousands of people there.
Besides the great damage and deaths 5． (cause) by the earthquake, other accidents such as fires often follow. More buildings may be damaged and more injuries may be caused. For 6． (century), people have been making studies of earthquakes. About 2,000 years ago, for example, 7． Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine which could find out the direction where the earthquake waves came.
With the rapid 8． (develop) of modern science and technology, we now know a lot 9． (much) about earthquakes. However, scientists still have difficulty 10． (predict) exactly when and where the earthquake will happen, and can't stop it from happening.
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
at large; safe and sound; occur to; keep one's head; hold on to;in case; to one's relief; a series of; at the same time
11．Space travel can be so delightful but invisibly dangerous.
12．Mobile phone users have developed symbols to show how they feel.
13． , the accident caused little damage to his health.
14．The old man the back of the chair to stop himself from falling.
15．I took my driving license with me on holiday, I wanted to hire a car .
16．Two days later, the missing children returned home .
17．Faced with this situation, a good idea suddenly him.
18．When you are faced with challenges, you should .
19．I think the chances of getting reforms accepted by the community remain extremely remote.
三、翻译
20．在我看来，真正重要的是一个健康的生活方式，好的生活习惯和积极的生活态度。(what really matters is…)
21．To Jenny's disappointment, the life in the countryside was (完全不同于)what she had imagined.
22．经理坐在会议室前面，他的笑容表明他对这个计划很满意。（独立主格结构）
23．At the age of 28, Henry (对旅游着迷), so he quit his job and went to travel around the world.
24．As far as I know, Mike was quite uncertain (关于)whether he could get along well with his new roommate.
25．我开车去停车场，却发现里面停满了各种各样的车辆。
I drove to the parking lot was fully parked with all kinds of vehicles.
26．我正在房间里睡觉，这时有人敲门。
I in the room ere was a knock at the door.
27．当我第一次遇到杰克时，他还只是个孩子。
I met Jack, he was just a child.
28．她眼里噙着高兴的泪水，看着女儿结婚。
she saw her daughter get married.
29．上一年级的第一天，我站在门口，心里七上八下的。
On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door .
四、完形填空
Bobby, a poor guy was famous for his tries to climb the big snowy mountain. He had tried at least 30 times, but had always 30． . Every time, he began the climbing at a good pace. But as he went on, he would look down at his painful 31． more often. Finally when the clouds had gathered round him, he understood that he wouldn't be able to enjoy the view from the top.
Last month, he went up the 32． with Peeper, who gave him a pair of special sunglasses. "If it starts clouding over, put these 33． on, or if your feet start hurting, put them on too. These are special glasses; they will help you. "Bobby 34． the gift without thinking much, but when his feet started 35． again, he remembered what Peeper had said and he put on the glasses. The pain was pretty bad, but with those new sunglasses he could still manage to continue. This time the 36． were so light that he could still see the top through them. And so Bobby kept climbing, leaving the clouds behind, forgetting his 37． , and finally arriving at the top. It was certainly worth it.
Peeper had drawn a light 38． on the lenses (镜片), in the form of the snow-covered mountain top. It was made in such a way that you could only 39． it if you looked upwards. Peeper had understood that whenever Bobby lost sight of his 40． , he would similarly lose sight of his dream, and his 41． to continue would weaken.
Bobby realized that the only difficulty of reaching the top had been his own 42． . When he could no longer see the top of the mountain, the problems 43． . He thanked Peeper for using that little 44． to help him see that his aims were not impossible, and that they were still there, where they had always been.
30．A．stopped B．dropped C．fallen D．failed
31．A．feet B．shorts C．hats D．gloves
32．A．road B．mountain C．tower D．top
33．A．trousers B．clothes C．shoes D．glasses
34．A．got B．disliked C．accepted D．refused
35．A．complaining B．working C．hurting D．shaking
36．A．trees B．grass C．glasses D．clouds
37．A．failure B．pain C．joy D．aim
38．A．picture B．symbol C．signal D．message
39．A．move B．feel C．change D．see
40．A．goal B．power C．success D．journey
41．A．preference B．will C．ability D．decoration
42．A．mistake B．pride C．ignorance D．discouragement
43．A．rose B．raised C．arose D．disappeared
44．A．technology B．tool C．trick D．treat
五、阅读理解
A
Having lived in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6. 0. There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown in the website. So, my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church. As the building started to shake, I quickly headed for the door to go outside. I remember I said a little prayer—something like, "Help me get out of here in time, Dear Heavenly Father". Minutes later, I was safe outside.
45．The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about .
A．a new film about an earthquake
B．how to survive an earthquake
C．his three earthquake experiences
D．how to save children in an earthquake
46．The earthquakes the author has experienced .
A．all caused bodily harm B．are all recorded in a website
C．all measured more than 6. 0 D．all happened in California
47．What does the underlined part "the famous landmark" refer to
A．A church.
B．Disneyland.
C．A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D．The place where the author was born.
48．Which of the following statements is NOT true about the third earthquake
A．It happened in the author's sixties.
B．The author succeeded in getting outside.
C．When it happened, the author was in a church.
D．The author was too afraid to walk when it happened.
B
Far from the land of Antarctica (南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod (南极鳕).
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death It must have some secrets. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish's blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1. 88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2. 05℃. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.
The scientists' next research job was clear:Find out what in the fish's blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules (分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein.
49．What is the text mainly about
A．The ice shelf around Antarctica.
B．Protection of the Antarctic cod.
C．The terrible conditions in Antarctic.
D．A special fish living in freezing waters.
50．Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature
A．It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture.
B．A special protein keeps it from freezing.
C．The seawater has a temperature of -1. 88℃.
D．Its blood has a temperature lower than -2. 05℃.
51．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 5 refer to
A．The fish's blood. B．The sugar molecule.
C．A newly found protein. D．A type of ice-salt mixture.
52．What does "glyco" in the underlined word "glycoprotein" in the last paragraph mean
A．Sugar. B．Ice. C．Blood. D．Molecule.
C
It's a good idea for families to talk about what they would do to escape a fire. You'll want to know how to escape from a fire, so let's start here.
An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are, so it's important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home. If you live in an apartment building, you'll want to know the best way to the stair or other emergency exits. If you're in a room with the door closed when the fire breaks out, you need to take a few extra steps:
Check to see if there's heat or smoke coming in the cracks (裂缝) around the door.
If you don't see smoke—touch the door. If the door is hot or very warm—don't open the door!
If you don't see smoke and the door is not hot—then use your fingers to lightly touch the doorknob (门把手). If the doorknob is hot or very warm—don't open the door!
If the doorknob feels cool, and you can't see any smoke around the door, you can open the door very carefully and slowly. When you open the door, if you feel a burst of heat, or smoke pours into the room, quickly shut the door and make sure it is really closed. If there's no smoke or heat when you open the door, go toward your escape route exit.
53．The best title for the passage is .
A．How to Deal with Smoke from a Fire
B．How to Make an Escape Plan and an Escape Route
C．The Best Way to Find the Stair or Other Emergency Exits
D．Steps on How to Escape a Fire in a Room with the Door Closed
54．If you are in a room where there is a fire, the writer suggests that you should .
A．get outside quickly and safely
B．stay in the room and wait for help
C．try to put out the fire by yourself
D．jump out of the room through windows
55．What should you do if you find heavy smoke goes into the room
A．Find the nearest stair and run down.
B．Close the door as quickly as possible.
C．Open the door very carefully and slowly.
D．Escape from your room as quickly as possible.
56．Where does this passage probably come from
A．A safety guide book. B．A traffic guide book.
C．A science fiction. D．A science report.
D
When I was in medical college, I went camping with some of my friends. The season was summer;therefore, we chose to go to the seaside. After arriving there, we rented a room and left our luggage there. We finished lunch and then decided to rent a boat because the sea and the weather were beautiful.
We started to row, but about one mile out, the weather suddenly changed. Although the weather was not good, we didn't want to give up. But finally my friends and I agreed that we should go back. We tried to change the boat's direction, but as soon as we changed it, the oarlock(桨架) broke. Therefore, we were unable to turn back. We had to wait for help because we couldn't do anything.
After seeing the change of weather, we shouldn't have continued to row, but it was too late. We regretted it. The sea changed a lot, the waves got very high, and the boat began to shake like a cradle. One of my friends started to cry; another started to vomit. Three hours passed, but nobody came to help us. We were just praying.
Fortunately, after five long hours of waiting, two big boats came to rescue us and we escaped. If they hadn't come to get us, we would have crossed the border between Turkey and Greece because the border was very close.
This story is the most exciting story of my life because we could have died, but luck was with us and we escaped.
57．What does the author mainly tell in this passage
A．A scary experience at sea.
B．An exciting experience when swimming.
C．The changeable weather at the seaside.
D．It is dangerous to boat at sea.
58．They were not able to turn back because .
A．the weather was bad for them to do so
B．they couldn't change the boat's direction
C．they couldn't row the boat
D．they didn't know which way to go
59．What they regretted was that when the weather changed.
A．they went camping at the seaside B．they went on rowing
C．the waves got very high D．they started too late
六、书面表达
假如你是李华，有一天周末和几个同学一起去爬山，看到有人在山上用网捉鸟，觉得有必要向世界自然基金会(WWF)反映这一情况。请写一封邮件，内容包括:
1）山上看到的情况;
2）保护鸟类的原因;
3）保护措施。
注意:
1）词数80左右;
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3）邮件开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
Dear WWF,
I am Li Hua, one of a middle school students. I am writing to
Yours,
Li Hua
基础达标
能力提升
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