专题十 动词的时态和语态—2023年中考英语一轮复习专题练习（含解析）

专题十 动词的时态和语态
一、单选题
1.These cakes _____ with chocolate. Have one, please.
A.fill B.filled C.are filled D. were filled
2.—Do you know the famous artist in red
—Sure. He _______ to the art festival in our city every year.
A. invites B. invited
C. is invited D. was invited
3.Look! Many people ________ in the park now.
A. is dancing B. are dancing C. dances D. dance
4.—What ______ you ______ at this time yesterday
—I was reading novels.
A. were; do B. were; doing C. was; doing D. are; doing
5.Edison ______ many things. He was a great ______.
A. invent; inventor B. inventor; invented
C. invented; inventor D. inventor; invent
6.Jack ______ a lot about England in the past five years.
A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. have learned
7.We are not sure if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________, we won’t go hiking.
A.will rain; rains B.will rain; will rain C.rains; rains D.rains; will rain
8.—How long ________ you ________ Little Women
—I am due to return it in two weeks.
A.have; borrowed B.will; lend C.will; keep D.have; got
二、单句语法填空
9.Some experts think that most people __________ (live) in cities in the near future.
10.His family, as well as his friends, _______(celebrate) his birthday in the sitting room now.
11.He _________(eat) rice and meat for lunch every day.
12.Titanic is a romantic film that is __________ (direct) by James Cameron.
13.Teenagers should be__________ (allow) to make their own decisions.
三、阅读理解
14. The weather is getting hotter. You are thirsty playing basketball or riding home from school. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful what you are drinking. Something that looks cool may not be good for your health.
There are plenty of “energy drinks” on the market. Most of them have beautiful colors and cool names. The lists on them tell you they are helpful to your health. Sounds great! But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine(咖啡因) in them. These drinks are especially aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players. Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much.
Caffeine makes your heart beat fast, Because of this, the International Olympic Committee has limited its use. Caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as strong as that in a cup of coffee or tea. Possible health dangers have something to do with energy drinks. Just one box of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart problems. Scientists say that teenagers should be discouraged from taking drinks with a lot of caffeine in them.
1.The "energy drinks" are aimed at ________.
A.busy people and sports players
B.students, busy people, young people and sports players
C.old people, young people and students
D.actors, singers, students and busy people
2.Why does the International Olympic Committee limit caffeine’s use
A.Because most energy drinks have lots of caffeine in them.
B.Because caffeine is helpful to people's health.
C.Because caffeine makes your heart beat fast.
D.Because scientists say that people should be discouraged from taking caffeine.
3.People can’t drink too much energy drinks because they may cause ________.
A.heart problems B.nervousness
C.sleeping trouble D.A、B and C
4.From the passage we can know that ________.
A.advertisements are important in getting people to buy energy drinks
B.energy drinks are helpful to teenagers' study
C.sports players need to drink a lot of energy drinks
D.energy drinks are especially aimed at teenagers
5.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A.What's the Use of Energy Drinks B.Who Can Drink Energy Drinks
C.What’s that in Energy Drinks D.Why Can’t We Buy Energy Drinks
四、完形填空
15. A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly(几乎不) creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste theme store is about 1 people with a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products to help them start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey.
"Zero waste" or "danshari" was first 2 by a French woman Bea Johnson. "Live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different methods to protect the earth," she said.
Yu Yuan, 27, is 3 attracted(吸引) by this idea.
She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to be a customer without thinking a lot 4 she saw a video about "zero waste".
The 5 is about a family of four, and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar.
After watching the video, Yu wanted to 6 this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend.
Yu says that a zero-waste life 7 the 6R principle—Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot(腐烂).
Over August—October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both 8 only two cans of rubbish.
Now, the couple have opened a small 9 called THE BULK HOUSE in Nanluoguxiang, Beijing, to support a zero-waste life.
At the store they use environmentally friendly products. For example, they use wood products to replace 10 ones and prepare cloth bags printed with zero-waste logos for customers. Most of the products sold in the store can be reused, and a small number of 11 which are not recyclable can degrade(分解).The store 12 has secondhand books and audio-visual CD/DVDs.
For used toiletries (things like soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself) there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it.
Yu says that those who were once not 13 in the zero-waste lifestyle have gradually changed because of curiosity(好奇). The zero-waste lifestyle, she adds, is for everyone.
"It's 14 us at our fingertips." Yu expects some of her friends to 15 her on the road to zero waste. As the saying goes, many hands make light work.
1.A. offering B. providing C. giving D. affording
2.A. invented B. found C. discovered D. suggested
3.A. hardly B. luckily C. clearly D. deeply
4.A. unless B. until C. after D. when
5.A. video B. film C. article D. newspaper
6.A. experience B. change C. represent D. spend
7.A. accepts B. receives C. follows D. believes
8.A. saved B. produced C. kept D. wasted
9.A. shop B. factory C. hotel D. company
10.A. paper B. cloth C. silk D. plastic
11.A. it B. them C. their D. its
12.A. too B. either C. also D. only
13.A. proud B. worried C. amazed D. interested
14.A. behind B. around C. ahead D. above
15.A. organize B. record C. join D. encourage
答案以及解析
一、单选题
1.答案：C
解析：本题考查时态和被动语态。此处cakes与fill之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态, be filled with意为"被......充满", 由此可先排除A和B; 再根据本题语境可知, 此处应用一般现在时, 故答案为C。
2.答案：C
解析：本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据语境可知此处He指代上句中提到的"the famous artist",它与invite之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态；又结合设空后的"every year"可知应用一般现在时。
3.答案：B
4.答案：B
解析：根据时间状语" at this time yesterday"可知，句子应使用过去进行时态，而主语是you，所以要用 were。故选B。
5.答案：C
解析：句意：爱迪生发明了很多东西。他是一个伟大的发明家。第一空缺少动词，故选"发明"的动词形式，爱迪生已经逝去，所以使用一般过去时 invented；第二空缺少名词作表语，所以用 inventor。故选C。
6.答案：C
解析：句中出现 in the past five years句子应用现在完成时。
7.答案：A
解析：句意:我们不确定明天是否会下雨。如果下雨,我们就不去远足了。考查从句时态,第一句是if引导的宾语从句,主句为一般现在时,从句不受其限制,根据“tomorrow”一词,可知应该用一般将来时will rain;第二句是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,可知这里应该用一般现在时,主语为it,谓语应该用三单形式rains,故选A。
8.答案：C
解析：——你借《小妇人》要借多久？——我预定两周后归还。
考查动词时态及动词辨析。borrow借入，短暂性动词；lend借出，短暂性动词；keep持有，延续性动词；get得到，短暂性动词。根据“how long”可知，此处应用延续性动词；根据“in two weeks”可知，此处是一般将来时态。故选C。
二、单句语法填空
9.答案：will live
解析：一些专家认为,在不久的将来,大多数人将生活在城市。由句中的in the near future可知时态应用一般将来时，其结构为：will+动词原形；故填will live。
10.答案：are celebrating
解析：句意:他的家人和他的朋友们正在客厅里庆祝他的生日。根据now判断,句子的时态为现在进行时,其构成为am / is /are + doing,本句的主语是His family,指家庭成员, 视作复数形式,故答案为are celebrating。
11.答案：eats
解析：句意:他每天午餐吃米饭和肉。根据时间every day可知此句时态是一般现在时,主语he,可知谓语动词用单数形式,故答案是eats。
12.答案：directed
解析：泰坦尼克号是詹姆斯卡梅隆导演的一部浪漫的电影。direct 在这里是一个动词,意思是导演。根据句意可知,泰坦尼克号这部电影是被卡梅隆导演的,故这里应该用它的过去分词的形式。
13.答案：allowed
解析：teenagers和allow之间是被动关系,故填allow的过去分词形式allowed。
三、阅读理解
14.答案：1-5 BCDAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段句子“These drinks are especially aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players.”这些饮料是特别针对年轻人、学生、工作忙碌的人以及运动员等。可知是针对年轻人、学生、工作忙碌的人以及运动员等。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段句子“Caffeine makes your heart beat fast, Because of this, the International Olympic Committee has limited its use.”咖啡因会使你的心跳加快,因为这样,国际奥委会已经限制了它的使用。可知因为咖啡因让你的心跳加快。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段句子“Just one box of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart problems.”仅仅一盒动力饮料可以使你神经紧张, 睡眠困难, 甚至可以引起心脏问题。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据第二段句子“Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake.”制造商有时会说, 他们的饮料能让你在运动方面更有能力,而且能让你保持清醒。可知广告在促使人们去买这种动力饮料。故选A。
5.标题归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子“But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine (咖啡因) in them.”但经过仔细检查,你会发现大多数的能量饮料有大量的咖啡因在其中。可知全文主要介绍了这种饮料的含有的成分。故选C。
四、完形填空
15.答案：1-5 BDDBA 6-10 ACBAD 11-15 BCDBC
解析：1.句意: 因此, "零浪费"主题商店就是为人们提供一些日常、实用、令人愉悦的零浪费产品, 帮助他们开启一站式、零浪费的人生旅程。由句意可知选B。
2.句意: "零浪费"或"断舍离"最初是由一位法国女性Bea Johnson提出的。句中"'Zero waste' or 'danshari'"作主语,句子用被动语态。"零浪费"是一种生活方式, 应该是"被提出", 故选D。
3.句意: 27岁的余元被这个想法深深吸引。由后面的"by this idea"可知, 句子用被动语态。分析句意, 用副词deeply"深深地"符合语境。故选D。
4.句意: 早些时候, 她曾经是一个顾客, 没有想太多, 直到她看到一个关于零浪费的视频。表示"直到......"用连词until。故选B。
5.句意: 这段视频讲的是一个四口之家, 他们每年生产的垃圾都被放在一个罐子里。根据上文中的"she saw a video about 'zero waste' "以及下文中的"After watching the video"可知, 这里填video。故选A。
6.句意: 看完视频后, 余想和男友一起体验这种零浪费的生活方式。由空格后的"zero-waste lifestyle(零浪费的生活方式)"提示可知, 这里应该填"体验", 故选A。
7.句意: 余说, 零浪费生活遵循6R原则—拒绝、减少、重复使用、修复、回收和腐烂。accept接受; receive收到; follow遵循; believe相信。由句意可知选C。
8.句意: 8月至10月, 余遵循"零浪费6R"的原则, 她和男友Joe Harvey只生产了两罐垃圾。save节约; produce生产; keep保持; waste浪费。根据"零浪费6R"的原则和"two cans of rubbish"可知, 此处应是"生产"垃圾。故选B。
9.句意: 现在, 这对夫妇在北京南锣鼓巷开了一家名为"THE BULK HOUSE"的小店, 以支持零浪费生活。由opened、THE BULK HOUSE和support可知, 他们开了一家小店。故选A。
10.句意: 在商店里他们使用环保产品。例如, 他们用木制品代替塑料制品, 并为顾客准备印有"零浪费"标识的布袋。由replace提示可知, 四个选项中能被木制品替代的是塑料。故选D。
11.句意: 商店出售的大部分产品可以重复使用, 少数不可回收的产品可以分解。a small number of少量的, 一小部分, 其后接复数名词或代词。of为介词, 接代词时用宾格形式。故选B。
12.句意: 这家商店还有二手书和影碟。在句子当中表示"也"用also。故选C。
13.句意: 余说, 那些曾经对零浪费生活方式不感兴趣的人, 因为好奇而逐渐改变了。be interested in "对......感兴趣"为固定短语。故选D。
14.句意: 它就在我们身边,触手可及。表示"在周围"用around。故选B。
15.句意: 余希望她的一些朋友能和她一起走上零浪费的道路。常言道, 人多好办事。由"人多好办事"可知, 余希望朋友"加入", 故选C。
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