中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
外研版必修一Unit5单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A book club can be a good way to develop an 1． (appreciate) of reading and new friendships, or it can be a big fat fail. The direction it takes really depends on how it 2． (manage).
Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is 3． (simple) the socials, think about forming a group to do social activities together.
Book club expert Davina Morgan-Witts conducted a survey of thousands of book club members. In that survey, 81 percent marked themselves as "very 4． (delight)" and they generally discussed the book for 75 minutes or longer.
5． (compare) with them, just 55 percent of people in the group talking for 20 minutes or less 6． (choose) the description of being happy.
"That's not to say social time is unimportant but it's secondary. It's because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions 7． the friendship forms, " Morgan-Witts explains. If you're eager 8． (discuss) books without all of the small talk, she suggests applying 9． membership of a public library group. "I was in one and it seemed 10． whole purpose of it was to get together to talk about books, " recalls Morgan-Witts.
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
A. determination B. intake C. sets D. inevitably E. inexhaustibleF. process G. acquisition H. practically I. cease J. reasoningK. intellectual
A Lifelong Career
As food is to the body, so is learning to the mind. Our bodies grow and muscles develop with the 11． of adequate nutritious food. Likewise, we should keep learning day by day to maintain our keen mental power and expand our 12． _ capacity. Constant learning supplies us with 13． fuel. This in turn drives us to sharpen our power of 14． _, analysis, and judgment. Unstoppable learning is the surest way to keep pace with the times in the information age, and reliable guarantee of success in times of uncertainty.
Once learning stops, vegetation 15． in. It is a common myth to regard school as the only workshop for the 16． of knowledge. On the contrary, learning should be a never-ending 17． , from the cradle to the grave. With the world changing so fast, to 18． learning even for just a few days will make a person lag behind. What's worse, the animal instinct dormant deep in our sub-conscious will come to life, weakening our will to pursue our noble ideas, undermining our 19． to sweep away obstacles to our success and strangling our desire for the refinement of our character. Lack of learning will 20． lead to the stagnation of the mind, or even worse, its fossilization. Therefore, to stay mentally young, we have to take learning as a lifelong career.
三、翻译
21．新的订票制度已经在使用中。
The new booking systems for tickets .
22．琳达没有准时到达那里，因为路况不好。
23．在任何情况下你都不应该灰心。
24．在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。
In the last few years, China in environmental protection.
25． （正如图表显示的那样）, 70% of them are opposed to the expert's view.
26．飞机起飞和降落时，机上所有乘客都要系好安全带。
27．动物园里的大熊猫由于营养更好，生活条件更好，往往寿命更长。
28．为了实现他的目标，戴维把他大部分时间都倾注在了他的生意上。
In order to , David devoted most of his time to his business.
29．他们同意把汽车借给我们，条件是我们必须在周末之前归还。
30．乘客必须在下午六点钟以前上船。
四、完形填空
Temperatures in the Norwegian capital regularly drop to -10℃ during winter. 31． in the harsh winter without wearing a coat, a boy wrapped his arms around himself on a bus stop bench. It's a 32． scene, but the actions of the ordinary people who witnessed the 33． of 11-year-old Johanne are both joyous and inspiring.
A young woman sitting next to the boy noticed him rubbing his arms. She immediately asked him:" Don't you have a 34． " "No, someone stole it," he replied. She 35． and learned he was on a school trip and was told to meet his teacher at the bus stop. She asked him the name of his school and where he was from as she 36． draped(披上)her own coat around his shoulders.
Later, another woman gave him her scarf and then 37． him in her large overcoat. Throughout the day, more and more people 38． to give him gloves and even the coats off their backs as they waited for their bus.
39． , Johanne's experience was an experiment by Norwegian charity SOS Children's Villages. Carried out by a 40． camera, it was part of their winter campaign to gather 41． of much-needed coats and blankets to help Syrian children through the winter. Many of the refugees have left their homes 42． winter clothing
"People should care as much about children in Syria as they are 43． about this boy," Synne Ronning, the information head of SOS Children's Villages Norway, told The Local. She also 44． that the child was a volunteer who was never in any danger during the 45． .
31．A．Thinking B．Jumping C．Sleeping D．Trembling
32．A．heartbreaking B．effort-making C．breathtaking D．history-making
33．A．bravery B．dilemma C．anxiety D．adventure
34．A．schoolbag B．companion C．jacket D．parent
35．A．inquired B．explored C．assessed D．confirmed
36．A．sympathetically B．pretendingly
C．tiredly D．casually
37．A．carried B．bound C．placed D．wrapped
38．A．attempted B．desired C．offered D．chanced
39．A．Interestingly B．Actually C．Amazingly D．Naturally
40．A．potential B．public C．hidden D．mobile
41．A．donations B．suggestions C．demands D．funds
42．A．despite B．without C．in D．for
43．A．curious B．confused C．particular D．concerned
44．A．noted B．predicted C．quoted D．believed
45．A．cheating B．filming C．walking D．training
五、阅读理解
A
Starting this fall, primary and middle school students in China will have at least one weekly course on labor education, according to a new curriculum standard released by the Ministry of Education (MOE).
Labor education ranges from household chores to on-campus labor and community volunteer services, generally 3 types according to the new standards: the first refers to everyday chores, including cleaning, organizing, cooking, and using and maintaining home appliances (家电); next is productive labor, including agriculture, making traditional handicrafts (手工艺品), and applying new technologies such as 3D printing; the third type is service work, including volunteer work. The new curriculum also calls for a week of extra-curricular and off-campus activities designed for labor education once every school year.
A recent study showed that primary and middle school students in China only spend an average of 12 minutes a day on chores, compared to 72 minutes in the US, 42 minutes in South Korea and 30 minutes in France. Many countries start students' labor education at a young age. Finland begins to develop students' life skills in primary school. Spinning, woodworking, cooking and other craftsmanship classes are offered. In Germany, pupils have two labor classes per week. Electronics, office technology, sewing, housekeeping, and career guidance are all taught there.
Adding labor education was out of concern that the country's youngsters do too little housework and look down on manual labor (体力劳动) jobs. Due to great academic pressure, schools tend to put their academic curricula on the top, and parents sometimes see household chores as distractions. But, according to the MOE, labor education must be strengthened to help students develop social values, an interest in labor and finally an all-around development.
46．What is the purpose of adding labor education
A．To enrich the students' off-campus life.
B．To improve the students' performance on learning.
C．To follow the education mode of some western countries.
D．To help students achieve an all-around development.
47．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The history of labor education.
B．The future development of labor education.
C．The significance of labor education.
D．The content of labor education.
48．What does labor education in Finland and Germany have in common
A．There are a wide variety of labor education courses.
B．They start labor education in the middle school.
C．It is viewed more important than academic learning.
D．Students spend more than 30 minutes on housework daily.
49．What do we know about labor education in China
A．A week of extracurricular activities is a must every term.
B．The school has to recognize the importance of labor education.
C．Specially-designed courses have been applied for many years.
D．Students decide whether to take the courses on their own.
B
For people suffering from depression (抑郁), there's an all-natural treatment they should use—getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.
For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes (基因) were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study's start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.
Both high-intensity (高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode (一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. "Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky," said lead author Karmel Choi. "On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes. "
Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. "Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible," Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there's something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.
50．How did the researchers reach their conclusion
A．By conducting genetic research.
B．By analyzing a mass of data.
C．By comparing various levels of activity.
D．By tracking the subjects for many years.
51．What does the study show about depression
A．Exercise may decrease and prevent it.
B．Physical activity betters medical treatment
C．Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same.
D．Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment.
52．What does the underlined word "ubiquitous" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Simple. B．Complex. C．Common. D．Usual
53．What is the purpose of the text
A．To discuss a disease. B．To explain a phenomenon.
C．To analyze a genetic risk. D．To introduce a scientific study.
C
72-year-old Darlene Mullins recently graduated from Tennessee State University in Nashville, Tennessee. Darlene left school nearly 55 years ago in the name of love. She was studying at the college and met her husband-to-be, John Mullins, in 1962. The two knew they would marry each other the moment they met. She finished her freshman year with 25 credits and married John in 1963. Her husband graduated in 1964 and began working.
Darlene took care of the household and was a stay-at-home mother to their son and daughter. The family lived in six states over the years, due to John's successful career in business. Darlene eventually began a career in retail as their children grew older. Though she remained busy, she always longed to finish school. She always told her children to make sure they finish what they started and she kind of felt it was time to live up to her own dream.
John was very supportive when she told him she was going back to school. He knew the day would come when she decided to finish her degree. He told her whenever she was ready they would go. The couple moved back to Nashville in 2013 when Darlene re-enrolled. She had to adjust to the technological advances in the classroom, saying that she was determined to finish no matter how long it took. After four years, Darlene graduated with a degree. "I feel like God has given me a second chance," she said. She hopes that her story can inspire others to pursue a degree.
54．Why did Darlene decide to leave university early
A．She was tired of school life. B．She met a boy she loved a lot.
C．Her family was too poor then. D．Her friend John Mullins left her.
55．What happened to Darlene during the 55 years after leaving school
A．Her husband's career failed eventually.
B．The whole family never moved to another city.
C．She often longed to go back to school.
D．Her children advised her to finish school.
56．How did John respond to Darlene's decision to go back to school
A．He did his best to help her.
B．He managed to hold her back.
C．He told her that it was impossible.
D．He asked her to continue her career.
57．What does the author want to tell us
A．Never leave school too early.
B．It's a pity to leave school early.
C．It's often great to put family first.
D．It's never late to return to school.
D
All of us spend a large part of our lives at home—eating, sleeping, relaxing and communicating with our family members. Our home is a shelter for us, away from the noisy, busy, and polluted world outside—a place where we can let down our hair and dress casually. Eco-friendliness(环保) is a hot word today and we all know we should make our environment as eco-friendly as possible. This is not only good for our health, but also good for the outward environment. Here are some easy and helpful tips to make your home eco-friendly.
Kitchen
Plan the kitchen to be bright and airy so that you don't have to turn on the lights at daytime. Don't make wasteful use of the gas. Keep all ingredients for cooking ready before lighting the gas. Turn it to low when not required—always using it on "high" burns a lot of gas.
Indoor plants
Plants are extremely eco-friendly and can be used to make your home look lively. Apart from adding life to home, they give out O2, thus making the air inside fresh. You can keep plants in your home, but be sure to show them some sunlight regularly. Also, if they are kept outside, clean their leaves with a wet cloth, as dust may be added to them. A home decorated with plants looks attractive. Plants are a natural home decorating gift that shows concern about the environment. A green plant is a wonderful gift which will protect the earth and is sure to be appreciated.
Saving water
Most of the time, we take water for granted—we keep water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes. Needless to say, this is a huge waste of natural resources. Try to recycle water. For example, the water used for washing vegetables can be used for watering plants; the soapy water used for washing clothes can be used to clean the bathroom and kitchen.
58．Why is the importance of our home discussed in Paragraph 1
A．To advise us to communicate more with our family members.
B．To show the outside world is noisy and polluted.
C．To advise us to spend more time staying at home.
D．To show it's necessary to make our home eco-friendly.
59．What is advised to be done in the kitchen
A．To open the window. B．To save energy.
C．To prepare simple meals. D．To turn down lights.
60．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean
A．We don't use water frequently.
B．We try our best not to waste water.
C．We don't realize the importance of water.
D．We make full use of water.
六、书面表达
微写作 主题：中国剪纸艺术
剪纸是中国最古老、最流行的民间艺术之一。它是中国独特的艺术瑰宝，也是中国非物质文化遗产(intangible cultural heritage)的重要代表。这种艺术形式灵感来源于中国百姓的日常生活。它不仅可以被用来装饰家庭，也象征人们对幸福平安的美好祈愿。同中华5000年灿烂文明的其他文化瑰宝一样，剪纸自古以来代表着中国人民对美好生活的追求(pursuit)。在中外文明交流中，剪纸的文化价值正走向世界。
Chinese Paper-cutting
基础达标
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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外研版必修一Unit5单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A book club can be a good way to develop an 1． (appreciate) of reading and new friendships, or it can be a big fat fail. The direction it takes really depends on how it 2． (manage).
Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is 3． (simple) the socials, think about forming a group to do social activities together.
Book club expert Davina Morgan-Witts conducted a survey of thousands of book club members. In that survey, 81 percent marked themselves as "very 4． (delight)" and they generally discussed the book for 75 minutes or longer.
5． (compare) with them, just 55 percent of people in the group talking for 20 minutes or less 6． (choose) the description of being happy.
"That's not to say social time is unimportant but it's secondary. It's because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions 7． the friendship forms, " Morgan-Witts explains. If you're eager 8． (discuss) books without all of the small talk, she suggests applying 9． membership of a public library group. "I was in one and it seemed 10． whole purpose of it was to get together to talk about books, " recalls Morgan-Witts.
【答案】1．appreciation；2．is managed；3．simply；4．delighted；5．Compared；6．chose；7．that；8．to discuss；9．for；10．the
【解析】【分析】本文一篇说明文，介绍了选择正确的经营方向与合理安排讨论图书和社交的时间对创建一个吸引人的读书俱乐部的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，时态语态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，时态，强调句，介词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：读书俱乐部可能是培养阅读欣赏力、发展新友谊的好方法，也可能是一个巨大的失败。根据空前的an和空后的of可知空处应填名词。appreciation"欣赏，鉴赏"。故填appreciation。
2．句意：事实上，它的发展方向取决于它是如何被管理的。从句主语it与manage之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据上文的takes和depends可知，此处要用一般现在时。故填is managed。
3．句意：如果他们的兴趣纯粹是社交聚会，那就考虑组一个团体一起进行社交活动。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰is，应用所给词的副词形式。 故填simply。
4．句意：在那次调查中，读书俱乐部里81%的人认为他们非常快乐，他们通常会花75分钟或更长时间讨论图书。空处修饰人，表示人的感受，应用-ed形式的形容词。delighted"高兴的，愉快的，快乐的"。故填delighted。
5．句意：与他们相比，在只讨论20分钟或更短时间的群体中，只有55%的人选择了高兴这一描述。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，55 percent of people和compare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填Compared。
6．考查时态。句意：与他们相比，在只讨论20分钟或更短时间的群体中，只有55%的人选择了高兴这一描述。此处是谓语动词，结合上文可知，此处描述的依然是调查的内容，是发生在过去的事，故用一般过去时。故填chose。
7．句意：Morgan-Witts解释说："不是说社交时间不重要，而是说它是次要的。正是因为开诚布公的讨论和意见的分享，友谊才得以形成。"此处使用了强调句型，被强调部分是"because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions"，故用that。
8．句意：如果你想要讨论图书而不是闲聊，她建议你申请成为公共图书馆小组的会员。此处为be eager to do sth.，固定短语，"渴望/希望做某事"，故填to discuss。
9．句意：如果你想要讨论图书而不是闲聊，她建议你申请成为公共图书馆小组的会员。apply for sth.，固定短语，"申请……"。故填for。
10．句意：我曾经加入过一个公共图书馆小组，它的全部目的似乎就是让人们聚在一起讨论图书。根据句意可知，此处表特指，故填the。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
A. determination B. intake C. sets D. inevitably E. inexhaustibleF. process G. acquisition H. practically I. cease J. reasoningK. intellectual
A Lifelong Career
As food is to the body, so is learning to the mind. Our bodies grow and muscles develop with the 11． of adequate nutritious food. Likewise, we should keep learning day by day to maintain our keen mental power and expand our 12． _ capacity. Constant learning supplies us with 13． fuel. This in turn drives us to sharpen our power of 14． _, analysis, and judgment. Unstoppable learning is the surest way to keep pace with the times in the information age, and reliable guarantee of success in times of uncertainty.
Once learning stops, vegetation 15． in. It is a common myth to regard school as the only workshop for the 16． of knowledge. On the contrary, learning should be a never-ending 17． , from the cradle to the grave. With the world changing so fast, to 18． learning even for just a few days will make a person lag behind. What's worse, the animal instinct dormant deep in our sub-conscious will come to life, weakening our will to pursue our noble ideas, undermining our 19． to sweep away obstacles to our success and strangling our desire for the refinement of our character. Lack of learning will 20． lead to the stagnation of the mind, or even worse, its fossilization. Therefore, to stay mentally young, we have to take learning as a lifelong career.
【答案】11．B；12．K；13．E；14．J；15．C；16．G；17．F；18．I；19．A；20．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习的重要性，人们必须把学习作为一项终身事业，才能保持精神年轻。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
11．句意：我们的身体随着营养食物的摄入而生长，肌肉也随之发育。 intake 名词，“吸收”，此处作介词宾语，故选B。
12．句意：同样，我们应该每天坚持学习，以保持我们敏锐的脑力，扩大我们的智力。 intellectual 形容词，“智力的”，此处修饰名词 capacity ，作定语，故选K。
13．句意：不断的学习为我们提供了取之不尽的燃料。 inexhaustible 形容词，“ 用之不竭的，无穷无尽的”，此处修饰名词 fuel ，作定语，故选E。
14．句意：这反过来又促使我们增强推理、分析和判断的能力。 reasoning 名词“推理”，此处名词作介词宾语，故选J。
15．句意：一旦学习停止,单调贫乏的生活就开始了。 sets 动词，“开始”，此处作谓语动词，故选C。
16．句意：将学校视为获取知识的唯一地点是一个普遍的神话。 acquisition 名词，“获取”，此处作介词宾语，故选G。
17．句意：相反，学习应该是一个永无止境的过程，从摇篮到坟墓。 process 名词，“过程”，此处作表语，故选F。
18．句意：由于世界变化如此之快，即使仅仅几天停止学习也会使人落后。 cease动词，“停止”，此处不定式作主语，故选I。
19．句意：更糟糕的是，潜伏在我们潜意识深处的动物本能会复活，削弱我们追求高尚理想的意志，破坏我们扫除成功障碍的决心，扼杀我们对完善性格的渴望。 determination 名词，“决心”，此处作宾语，故选A。
20．句意：缺乏学习将不可避免地导致思维停滞，甚至更糟糕的是，思维僵化。 inevitably 副词，“不可避免地”，此处修饰谓语动词 lead to ，故选D。
三、翻译
21．新的订票制度已经在使用中。
The new booking systems for tickets .
【答案】have been used
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知，空处表示“已经在使用”，所以空处谓语动词应用现在完成时，use“使用”与主语systems之间为被动关系，要用被动语态，且要与主语保持主谓一致，用复数。故填have been used。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态。
22．琳达没有准时到达那里，因为路况不好。
【答案】Linda didn't get there on time because the road was in bad condition.
【解析】【分析】这是原因状语从句，主句是“ 琳达没有准时到达那里 ”应用时间状语 on time ，结合汉语提示应用一般过去时，译为： Linda didn't get there on time ；“ 因为路况不好 ”是原因状语从句，应用动词短语be in bad condition ，译为： because the road was in bad condition ，故答案为： Linda didn't get there on time because the road was in bad condition.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及原因状语从句，一般过去时以及固定短语 on time 和be in bad condition。
23．在任何情况下你都不应该灰心。
【答案】On/Under no condition should you lose heart.
【解析】【分析】“ 在任何情况下 ”应用 on/under no condition，位于句首应用部分倒装；“你都不应该灰心”应用动词短语lose heart，译为：you should lose heart，故答案为：On/Under no condition should you lose heart.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及倒装句以及固定短语 lose heart。
24．在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。
In the last few years, China in environmental protection.
【答案】has made great achievements
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 取得了巨大的成就 ” ， 应用动词短语make great achievements ,是谓语动词，根据时间状语 In the last few years ，应用现在完成时，故答案为： has made great achievements 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在完成时以及固定短语make great achievements。
25． （正如图表显示的那样）, 70% of them are opposed to the expert's view.
【答案】Just as the chart shows
【解析】【分析】句意：正如图表所示，70%的人反对专家的观点。“ 正如图表显示的那样 ”应用as引导的非限制性定语从句，“ 图表 ”用 chart 表达，谓语动词“ 显示 ”用show表达，结合语境应用一般现在时，故填 Just as the chart shows 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及as引导的非限制性定语从句。
26．飞机起飞和降落时，机上所有乘客都要系好安全带。
【答案】All the passengers on board are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands.
【解析】【分析】“ 飞机起飞和降落时 ”是when引导的时间状语从句，“起飞”用动词短语 take off表达，“降落”用land表达，陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，译为：when the plane takes off and lands ；“ 机上所有乘客都要系好安全带 ”是主语，主语“ 机上所有乘客 ”用 all the passengers on board表达，“要系好安全带”用be expected to fasten the seat belts 表达，应用一般现在时，译为： all the passengers on board are expected to fasten the seat belts，故答案为：All the passengers on board are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands. 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时及其被动语态，时间状语从句以及固定短语 take off。
27．动物园里的大熊猫由于营养更好，生活条件更好，往往寿命更长。
【答案】Pandas in the zoo tend to live longer due to better nutrition and living conditions.
【解析】【分析】主语“ 动物园里的大熊猫 ”用 pandas in the zoo 表达；“ 往往寿命更长 ”应用动词短语 tend to do，译为： tend to live longer ；“ 由于营养更好，生活条件更好 ”应用介词短语due to，译为： due to better nutrition and living conditions，故答案为：Pandas in the zoo tend to live longer due to better nutrition and living conditions.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语tend to do和due to。
28．为了实现他的目标，戴维把他大部分时间都倾注在了他的生意上。
In order to , David devoted most of his time to his business.
【答案】achieve his goal
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 实现他的目标 ” ， 应用动词短语 achieve one's goal，此处不定式作目的状语， 故答案为： achieve his goal 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及不定式作目的状语以及固定短语achieve one's goal。
29．他们同意把汽车借给我们，条件是我们必须在周末之前归还。
【答案】They agree to lend us the car on condition that we must return it before the weekend.
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示应用 on condition that 应用条件状语从句，主句“ 他们同意把汽车借给我们”应用动词短语agree to do“同意做....”，结合汉语提示应用一般现在时，以及固定短语lend sb sth，译为： they agree to lend us the car ；“条件是我们必须在周末之前归还”是on condition that引导的条件状语从句，译为：on condition that we must return it before the weekend ，故答案为： They agree to lend us the car on condition that we must return it before the weekend.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及条件状语从句，一般现在时以及固定短语agree to do和lend sb sth.
30．乘客必须在下午六点钟以前上船。
【答案】Passengers must board the ship by 6 p.m.
【解析】【分析】主语“乘客”用 passengers表达，“上船”用动词短语board the ship ，与情态动词must构成谓语动词，“ 在下午六点钟 ”用介词短语by 6 p.m 表达，故答案为： Passengers must board the ship by 6 p.m. 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语 board the ship。
四、完形填空
Temperatures in the Norwegian capital regularly drop to -10℃ during winter. 31． in the harsh winter without wearing a coat, a boy wrapped his arms around himself on a bus stop bench. It's a 32． scene, but the actions of the ordinary people who witnessed the 33． of 11-year-old Johanne are both joyous and inspiring.
A young woman sitting next to the boy noticed him rubbing his arms. She immediately asked him:" Don't you have a 34． " "No, someone stole it," he replied. She 35． and learned he was on a school trip and was told to meet his teacher at the bus stop. She asked him the name of his school and where he was from as she 36． draped(披上)her own coat around his shoulders.
Later, another woman gave him her scarf and then 37． him in her large overcoat. Throughout the day, more and more people 38． to give him gloves and even the coats off their backs as they waited for their bus.
39． , Johanne's experience was an experiment by Norwegian charity SOS Children's Villages. Carried out by a 40． camera, it was part of their winter campaign to gather 41． of much-needed coats and blankets to help Syrian children through the winter. Many of the refugees have left their homes 42． winter clothing
"People should care as much about children in Syria as they are 43． about this boy," Synne Ronning, the information head of SOS Children's Villages Norway, told The Local. She also 44． that the child was a volunteer who was never in any danger during the 45． .
31．A．Thinking B．Jumping C．Sleeping D．Trembling
32．A．heartbreaking B．effort-making C．breathtaking D．history-making
33．A．bravery B．dilemma C．anxiety D．adventure
34．A．schoolbag B．companion C．jacket D．parent
35．A．inquired B．explored C．assessed D．confirmed
36．A．sympathetically B．pretendingly
C．tiredly D．casually
37．A．carried B．bound C．placed D．wrapped
38．A．attempted B．desired C．offered D．chanced
39．A．Interestingly B．Actually C．Amazingly D．Naturally
40．A．potential B．public C．hidden D．mobile
41．A．donations B．suggestions C．demands D．funds
42．A．despite B．without C．in D．for
43．A．curious B．confused C．particular D．concerned
44．A．noted B．predicted C．quoted D．believed
45．A．cheating B．filming C．walking D．training
【答案】31．D；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．A；36．A；37．D；38．C；39．B；40．C；41．A；42．B；43．D；44．A；45．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了在挪威首都街头进行的慈善实验——拍摄人们对一个寒冬中没有外套的小男孩的反应。并说明此实验是一个慈善组织为帮助叙利亚难民筹集过冬衣物的行动的一部分。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
31．句意：一个没有穿外套的男孩坐在公交车站的长椅上，在寒冷的冬日瑟瑟发抖。A. Thinking“思考”；B. Jumping“跳”；C. Sleeping“睡觉”；D. Trembling“发抖”。根据空前“Temperatures in the Norwegian capital regularly drop to -10℃ during winter.”和空后“without wearing a coat,”可知，冬天很冷，男孩没有外套；由此可以推出男孩是在冬天里冷到发抖。故选D。
32．句意：这是一个令人心碎的场景，但普通人目睹11岁的男孩陷入困境行为，让乔安娜既快乐又鼓舞人心。A. heartbreaking“令人心碎的”；B. effort-making“努力的”；C. breathtaking“令人惊叹的”；D. history-making“创造历史的”。根据上文，男孩在零下十度的冬天在一个公交车站边冷到发抖，是一个令人难过、心碎的场景。故选A。
33．句意：这是一个令人心碎的场景，但普通人目睹11岁的男孩陷入困境行为，让乔安娜既快乐又鼓舞人心。A. bravery“勇敢”；B. dilemma“两难境地”；C. anxiety“焦虑”；D. adventure“冒险”。根据下文“he was on a school trip and was told to meet his teacher at the bus stop.”可判断，他没有外套，很冷，但又要等老师不能离开。此处表示普通人目睹这一两难的窘境。故选B。
34．句意：她马上问他：“你没有夹克吗？”A. schoolbag“书包”；B. companion“陪伴”；C. jacket“外套”；D. parent“父母”。根据上文“ 1 in the harsh winter without wearing a coat,”和下文“‘No, someone stole it,’ he replied.”可知，女人问的是男孩有没有外套，故选C。
35．句意：她询问后得知，他是要去学校，有人告诉他在公交车站等他的老师。A. inquired“询问”；B. explored“探索”；C. assessed“评估”；D. confirmed“确认”。根据空后“and learned he was on a school trip and was told to meet his teacher at the bus stop.”可知，女人得到了一些男孩的信息，可推出，女人是问了男孩一些问题；并且下文“She asked him the name of his school and where he was from as she 6 draped her own coat around his shoulders.”中ask和A项inquire询问为同义词替换。故选A。
36．句意：她问他学校的名字，从哪里来，同时同情地把自己的外套搭在他肩上。A. sympathetically“同情地”；B. pretendingly“假装地”；C. tiredly“累地”；D. casually“随意地”。结合常识可知，天气寒冷，年轻女子不顾自己受冻给男孩披上外套，是富有同情心的行为。故选A。
37．句意：后来，另一个女人把自己的围巾给了他，然后把他裹在自己的大大衣里。A. carried“带上”；B. bound“捆绑”；C. placed“放置”；D. wrapped“包住”。根据空后“in her large overcoat”判断，对于男孩来说，女人的衣服非常大，所以此处是很形象地形容女人将他裹在大衣里面。故选D。
38．句意：一整天，越来越多的人在等车的时候主动给他手套，甚至脱下身上的外套。A. attempted“试图”；B. desired“想要”；C. offered“提供”；D. chanced“碰巧做”。根据上文“both joyous and inspiring.”作者形容这一情境为“鼓舞人心的”可推测，越来越多的人都自发的、主动给小男孩提供自己的衣物。故选C。
39．句意：实际上，乔安娜的经历是挪威慈善机构SOS儿童村的一次实验。A. Interestingly“有趣的是”；B. Actually“实际上”；C. Amazingly“惊奇的是”；D. Naturally“自然而然地”。根据空后的“Johanne's experience was an experiment”可知，他的经历实际上是一个实验。故选B。
40．句意：由一个隐藏的摄像机拍摄，这是他们冬季活动的一部分，目的是筹集急需的外套和毯子，帮助叙利亚儿童过冬。A. potential“可能的”；B. public“公开的”；C. hidden“藏起来的”；D. mobile“移动的”。结合常识可知，社会实验一般都是在被拍摄人不知情的情况下，用隐藏式摄像机拍摄的。故选C。
41．句意：这是他们冬季活动的一部分，目的是筹集急需的外套和毯子，帮助叙利亚儿童过冬。A. donations“捐赠物”；B. suggestions“建议”；C. demands“命令”；D. funds“资金”。根据空后的“of much-needed coats and blankets”可知，收集的是急需的外套和毛毯等捐赠物。故选A。
42．句意：许多难民离家时都没有冬装。A. despite“尽管”；B. without“没有”；C. in“在……里面”；D. for“为了”。结合常识可知，很多难民在没有冬衣的情形下就因为战争等因素被迫离开了家乡，所以才需要社会募捐衣物。故选B。
43．句意：人们应该像关心这个男孩一样，关注叙利亚的儿童。A. curious“好奇的”；B. confused“疑惑的”；C. particular“特别的”；D. concerned“担心的”。根据上文可知，路人纷纷主动给男孩提供衣物，所以肯定是关心这个男孩。故选D。
44．句意：她还指出，孩子是一名志愿者，在拍摄过程中没有任何危险。A. noted“提出，指出”；B. predicted“预测”；C. quoted“引用”；D. believed“相信”。根据上文“People should care as much about children in Syria as they are concerned about this boy,”可知，Synne Ronning是在说明一些关于这个社会实验的情况，空前有also表示“同样、也”，所以空处也需要填和“说明”近义或同义的词。故选A。
45．句意：她还指出，孩子是一名志愿者，在拍摄过程中没有任何危险。A. cheating“欺骗”；B. filming“拍摄”；C. walking“走路”；D. training“训练”。根据上文可知，此处指这个孩子在拍摄这个社会实验的过程中是安全的。故选B。
五、阅读理解
A
Starting this fall, primary and middle school students in China will have at least one weekly course on labor education, according to a new curriculum standard released by the Ministry of Education (MOE).
Labor education ranges from household chores to on-campus labor and community volunteer services, generally 3 types according to the new standards: the first refers to everyday chores, including cleaning, organizing, cooking, and using and maintaining home appliances (家电); next is productive labor, including agriculture, making traditional handicrafts (手工艺品), and applying new technologies such as 3D printing; the third type is service work, including volunteer work. The new curriculum also calls for a week of extra-curricular and off-campus activities designed for labor education once every school year.
A recent study showed that primary and middle school students in China only spend an average of 12 minutes a day on chores, compared to 72 minutes in the US, 42 minutes in South Korea and 30 minutes in France. Many countries start students' labor education at a young age. Finland begins to develop students' life skills in primary school. Spinning, woodworking, cooking and other craftsmanship classes are offered. In Germany, pupils have two labor classes per week. Electronics, office technology, sewing, housekeeping, and career guidance are all taught there.
Adding labor education was out of concern that the country's youngsters do too little housework and look down on manual labor (体力劳动) jobs. Due to great academic pressure, schools tend to put their academic curricula on the top, and parents sometimes see household chores as distractions. But, according to the MOE, labor education must be strengthened to help students develop social values, an interest in labor and finally an all-around development.
46．What is the purpose of adding labor education
A．To enrich the students' off-campus life.
B．To improve the students' performance on learning.
C．To follow the education mode of some western countries.
D．To help students achieve an all-around development.
47．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The history of labor education.
B．The future development of labor education.
C．The significance of labor education.
D．The content of labor education.
48．What does labor education in Finland and Germany have in common
A．There are a wide variety of labor education courses.
B．They start labor education in the middle school.
C．It is viewed more important than academic learning.
D．Students spend more than 30 minutes on housework daily.
49．What do we know about labor education in China
A．A week of extracurricular activities is a must every term.
B．The school has to recognize the importance of labor education.
C．Specially-designed courses have been applied for many years.
D．Students decide whether to take the courses on their own.
【答案】46．D
47．D
48．A
49．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了从2022年9月份开始，全中国的小学、初中开始开设劳动教育课程，通过了解和参与劳动促进学生的全面发展。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
46．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"But, according to the MOE, labor education must be strengthened to help students develop social values, an interest in labor and finally an all-around development.”但是，教育部表示，必须加强劳动教育，帮助学生培养社会价值观、劳动兴趣，最终实现全面发展。可推知，增加劳动教育的目的是帮助学生全面发展。故选D。
47．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的"Labor education ranges from household chores to on-campus labor and community volunteer services, generally 3 types according to the new standards”劳动教育包括家务劳动、校园劳动和社区志愿服务，根据新标准，一般分为三种类型，可知，第二段主要讲了劳动教育的内容。故选D。
48．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Finland begins to develop students' life skills in primary school. Spinning, woodworking, cooking and other craftsmanship classes are offered. In Germany, pupils have two labor classes per week. Electronics, office technology, sewing, housekeeping, and career guidance are all taught there.”芬兰从小学开始培养学生的生活技能。提供纺纱、木工、烹饪和其他工艺课程。在德国，学生每周上两节劳动课。电子、办公技术、缝纫、家政和职业指导都在那里教授。可知，在芬兰和德国，学校劳动教育的课程都非常丰富。故选A。
49．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Adding labor education was out of concern that the country's youngsters do too little housework and look down on manual labor (体力劳动) jobs. Due to great academic pressure, schools tend to put their academic curricula on the top, and parents sometimes see household chores as distractions. But, according to the MOE, labor education must be strengthened to help students develop social values, an interest in labor and finally an all-around development.”增加劳动教育是出于对该国年轻人做家务太少和看不起体力劳动的担忧(体力劳动) 工作。由于巨大的学业压力，学校往往把自己的学业课程放在首位，家长有时会把家庭琐事视为干扰。但是，根据教育部的说法，必须加强劳动教育，以帮助学生培养社会价值观、对劳动的兴趣，最终实现全面发展。可推知，鉴于劳动教育的必要性，学校要改变传统的学习第一位的观念，要重视劳动教育。故选B。
B
For people suffering from depression (抑郁), there's an all-natural treatment they should use—getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.
For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes (基因) were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study's start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.
Both high-intensity (高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode (一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. "Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky," said lead author Karmel Choi. "On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes. "
Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. "Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible," Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there's something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.
50．How did the researchers reach their conclusion
A．By conducting genetic research.
B．By analyzing a mass of data.
C．By comparing various levels of activity.
D．By tracking the subjects for many years.
51．What does the study show about depression
A．Exercise may decrease and prevent it.
B．Physical activity betters medical treatment
C．Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same.
D．Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment.
52．What does the underlined word "ubiquitous" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Simple. B．Complex. C．Common. D．Usual
53．What is the purpose of the text
A．To discuss a disease. B．To explain a phenomenon.
C．To analyze a genetic risk. D．To introduce a scientific study.
【答案】50．B
51．A
52．C
53．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的研究。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
50．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes (基因) were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them”在这项研究中，研究人员从近8000人身上收集了信息，并在对这些人进行检查后发现，在接下来的两年里，拥有相关基因的人更容易患抑郁症。可知，研究者们收集和研究了近8000人的信息，可推知，他们是通过分析大量资料得出结论的，故选B。
51．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky”我们的研究结果有力地表明，当涉及到抑郁症时，身体活动有可能消除遗传风险个体未来发作的额外风险；以及"On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes”平均而言，每天大约增加35分钟的身体活动可以帮助人们降低风险，并预防未来的抑郁症发作。可知，研究表明体育锻炼可以帮助人们降低患抑郁症的风险并防止未来抑郁症的发作，故选A。
52．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected”抑郁症是全球常见的精神疾病，受影响的人数超过2.64亿；以及"and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible”这突出表明需要采取能够影响尽可能多的人的有效方法。可知，此处强调抑郁症的普遍性，由此推测划线词 ubiquitous 的意思是"常见的，普通的"，故选C。
53．考查推理判断。根据第一段中"It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.”新的研究表明，即使人们有基因风险，它也可以帮助对抗抑郁症。可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的研究，可推知，文章的写作目的是介绍一项科学研究。故选D。
C
72-year-old Darlene Mullins recently graduated from Tennessee State University in Nashville, Tennessee. Darlene left school nearly 55 years ago in the name of love. She was studying at the college and met her husband-to-be, John Mullins, in 1962. The two knew they would marry each other the moment they met. She finished her freshman year with 25 credits and married John in 1963. Her husband graduated in 1964 and began working.
Darlene took care of the household and was a stay-at-home mother to their son and daughter. The family lived in six states over the years, due to John's successful career in business. Darlene eventually began a career in retail as their children grew older. Though she remained busy, she always longed to finish school. She always told her children to make sure they finish what they started and she kind of felt it was time to live up to her own dream.
John was very supportive when she told him she was going back to school. He knew the day would come when she decided to finish her degree. He told her whenever she was ready they would go. The couple moved back to Nashville in 2013 when Darlene re-enrolled. She had to adjust to the technological advances in the classroom, saying that she was determined to finish no matter how long it took. After four years, Darlene graduated with a degree. "I feel like God has given me a second chance," she said. She hopes that her story can inspire others to pursue a degree.
54．Why did Darlene decide to leave university early
A．She was tired of school life. B．She met a boy she loved a lot.
C．Her family was too poor then. D．Her friend John Mullins left her.
55．What happened to Darlene during the 55 years after leaving school
A．Her husband's career failed eventually.
B．The whole family never moved to another city.
C．She often longed to go back to school.
D．Her children advised her to finish school.
56．How did John respond to Darlene's decision to go back to school
A．He did his best to help her.
B．He managed to hold her back.
C．He told her that it was impossible.
D．He asked her to continue her career.
57．What does the author want to tell us
A．Never leave school too early.
B．It's a pity to leave school early.
C．It's often great to put family first.
D．It's never late to return to school.
【答案】54．B
55．C
56．A
57．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Darlene虽然早年辍学，但后来重返学校在72岁高龄的时候顺利完成了学业。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
54．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“She was studying at the college and met her husband-to-be, John Mullins, in 1962, The two knew they would marry each other the moment they met. She finished her freshman year with 25 credits and married John in 1963.”她在这所大学学习，1962年认识了她的准丈夫约翰·穆林斯。两人一见面就知道他们会结婚。她以25学分完成了大一学业，并于1963年与约翰结婚。可知，在大学第一年Darlene遇到了 John Mullins并与他一见钟情，两人很快就结婚了以及in the name of love，故选B。
55．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Darlene took care of the household and was a stay-at-home mother to their son and daughter. The family lived in six states over the years, due to John's successful career in business. Darlene eventually began a career in retail as their children grew older. Though she remained busy, she always longed to finish school. She always told her children to make sure they finish what they started and she kind of felt it was time to live up to her own dream.”达琳照顾家庭，是他们儿子和女儿的全职妈妈。多年来，由于约翰在商业上的成功，他们一家住在六个州。随着他们的孩子长大，达琳最终开始了零售业的职业生涯。尽管她仍然很忙，但她总是渴望完成学业。她总是告诉她的孩子们要确保他们完成他们开始的工作，她觉得是时候实现自己的梦想了。可知，虽然一直忙忙碌碌，但Darlene从来都没有放弃过要完成学业的梦想，希望回校学习。故选C。
56．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Though she remained busy, she always longed to finish school”.和第三段“John was very supportive when she told him she was going back to school....He told her whenever she was ready they would go.”尽管她仍然很忙，但她总是渴望完成学业”。和第三段“当她告诉约翰她要回学校时，约翰非常支持她……他告诉她，只要她准备好了，他们就会去。可知，John知道妻子多年以来的心愿是完成学业，所以当她提出重返学校时，他告诉妻子随时都可以去。故选A。
57．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了Darlene虽然早年辍学，但后来重返学校在72岁高龄的时候顺利完成了学业，这说明一个人无论在什么时候重返学校都是不晚的。故选D。
D
All of us spend a large part of our lives at home—eating, sleeping, relaxing and communicating with our family members. Our home is a shelter for us, away from the noisy, busy, and polluted world outside—a place where we can let down our hair and dress casually. Eco-friendliness(环保) is a hot word today and we all know we should make our environment as eco-friendly as possible. This is not only good for our health, but also good for the outward environment. Here are some easy and helpful tips to make your home eco-friendly.
Kitchen
Plan the kitchen to be bright and airy so that you don't have to turn on the lights at daytime. Don't make wasteful use of the gas. Keep all ingredients for cooking ready before lighting the gas. Turn it to low when not required—always using it on "high" burns a lot of gas.
Indoor plants
Plants are extremely eco-friendly and can be used to make your home look lively. Apart from adding life to home, they give out O2, thus making the air inside fresh. You can keep plants in your home, but be sure to show them some sunlight regularly. Also, if they are kept outside, clean their leaves with a wet cloth, as dust may be added to them. A home decorated with plants looks attractive. Plants are a natural home decorating gift that shows concern about the environment. A green plant is a wonderful gift which will protect the earth and is sure to be appreciated.
Saving water
Most of the time, we take water for granted—we keep water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes. Needless to say, this is a huge waste of natural resources. Try to recycle water. For example, the water used for washing vegetables can be used for watering plants; the soapy water used for washing clothes can be used to clean the bathroom and kitchen.
58．Why is the importance of our home discussed in Paragraph 1
A．To advise us to communicate more with our family members.
B．To show the outside world is noisy and polluted.
C．To advise us to spend more time staying at home.
D．To show it's necessary to make our home eco-friendly.
59．What is advised to be done in the kitchen
A．To open the window. B．To save energy.
C．To prepare simple meals. D．To turn down lights.
60．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean
A．We don't use water frequently.
B．We try our best not to waste water.
C．We don't realize the importance of water.
D．We make full use of water.
【答案】58．D
59．B
60．C
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了三种让家庭生态友好的方式。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
58．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Our home is a shelter for us, away from the noisy, busy, and polluted world outside — a place where we can let down our hair and dress casually. Eco friendliness is a hot word today and we all know we should make our environment as eco friendly as possible. ”我们的家是我们的温馨港湾，远离喧嚣、忙碌和被污染的外面的世界，一个我们可以随意不管头发和穿着的地方。 生态友好是今天的一个热词，我们都知道我们应该使我们的环境尽可能的生态友好。可知，第一段谈论家的重要性是为了表明我们的家园环保是必要的。故选D。
59．考查细节理解。根据Kitchen部分中的“Plan the kitchen to be bright and airy so that you don't have to turn on the lights at daytime. Don't make wasteful use of the gas. Keep all ingredients for cooking ready before lighting the gas. Turn it to low when not required—always using it on "high" burns a lot of gas.”把厨房规划得明亮通风，这样白天就不用开灯了。 不要浪费汽油。 在点燃煤气灯之前，要把所有做饭用的材料都准备好。 当不需要的时候把它调低——总是在“高”的时候使用它会燃烧很多气体。可知，在厨房里，我们应该节约能源。故选B。
60．考查句义猜测。根据Saving water部分中的“we keep water running while brushing our teeth or washing clothes”我们在刷牙或洗衣服的时候让水一直流着，可知，大多数时候，我们不能意识到水的重要性而节约用水。因此，“we take water for granted”表示我们认为水的存在和使用是理所当然的，即，没有意识到水的重要性。故选C。
六、书面表达
微写作
主题：中国剪纸艺术
剪纸是中国最古老、最流行的民间艺术之一。它是中国独特的艺术瑰宝，也是中国非物质文化遗产(intangible cultural heritage)的重要代表。这种艺术形式灵感来源于中国百姓的日常生活。它不仅可以被用来装饰家庭，也象征人们对幸福平安的美好祈愿。同中华5000年灿烂文明的其他文化瑰宝一样，剪纸自古以来代表着中国人民对美好生活的追求(pursuit)。在中外文明交流中，剪纸的文化价值正走向世界。
Chinese Paper-cutting
【答案】 Paper-cutting is one of the oldest and the most popular folk arts in China. It is a unique artistic treasure, as well as an important representative of Chinese intangible cultural heritage.
The art form takes inspiration from the daily lives of Chinese people. It can not only be used to decorate homes but also symbolize people's wishes for happiness and safety.
Like other cultural treasures of China's 5000-year-old splendid civilization, paper-cutting represents Chinese people's pursuit of a better life since ancient times. In the exchange between Chinese and foreign civilizations, the cultural value of paper cutting is walking to the world.
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件写作，要求考生介绍中国剪纸艺术 。写作要点： 剪纸是中国最古老、最流行的民间艺术之一。它是中国独特的艺术瑰宝，也是中国非物质文化遗产的重要代表。这种艺术形式灵感来源于中国百姓的日常生活。它不仅可以被用来装饰家庭，也象征人们对幸福平安的美好祈愿。同中华5000年灿烂文明的其他文化瑰宝一样，剪纸自古以来代表着中国人民对美好生活的追求。在中外文明交流中，剪纸的文化价值正走向世界。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Paper-cutting is one of the oldest and the most popular folk arts in China.运用了形容词最高级；It can not only be used to decorate homes but also symbolize people's wishes for happiness and safety.运用了被动语态；Like other cultural treasures of China's 5000-year-old splendid civilization, paper-cutting represents Chinese people's pursuit of a better life since ancient times.运用了介词短语作状语。
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