专题十五 状语从句——2023届中考英语一轮复习专题课件(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
专题十五 状语从句
2023届中考英语
一轮复习学考全掌握
2
知识讲解
3
典例剖析
1
考情分析
目
录
CONTENTS
考情分析
状语从句是每年中考的必考知识点之一。中考对状语从句的考查主要涉及从属连词的用法，这是状语从句最常见的考查形式。另一个考点是状语从句的时态，因此要弄清楚状语从句的几个主要类别，如时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、方式、目的、结果等，同时记住他们的引导词及其意义。
知识讲解
一、状语从句
在复合句中，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较（或方式）和条件等类。
二、状语从句的分类
1. 时间状语从句
引导连词有when，while，till，not…until，since，after，before，as soon as。
The bus won't start until everybody gets on.
公共汽车直到每人都上车为止，才开动。
When he knocked at the door I was cooking.
当他敲门时，我正在煮饭。
Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours.
昨天晚上在他回到家之前，他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。
2.地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
哪里有志向，哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。
Where there is a life, there is a hope.
哪里有生命，哪里就有希望。 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.
不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在此守候你。
3. 原因状语从句
引导连词有because，as，since。
He didn't see the film because he had seen it.
他没有看那部电影，因为他已经看过了。
比较：because, since, as和for
(1) because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
(2) 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
注意：because不能和so 连用。
4.目的状语从句
引导连词有 that， so that…，in order that。
He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.
他必须早起，以便能赶上第一辆公共汽车。
So that… 以便/以致……
例如：
①They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.
②They started early so that they caught the early bus.
注意点：
在例句①中,是引导目的状语；在例句②中，是引导结果状语。一般来讲，从句中含有情态动词的，为目的状语。无情态动词的，为结果状语。
5.结果状语从句
引导连词有that，so…that…，such…that。
The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.
这个盒子如此沉，以致我无法抬起来。
such+名词性词组+that…
So+形容词/副词+that… 如此……以致……
例如：
①She is such a good teacher that we all love her.
②It was such a hot day that they didn't go out for a walk as usual.
注意点：
(1) such+a+形容词+名词+that…，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that…
例句①可以改写成：
She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
(2)在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that…结构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so + many/few+可数名词复数+that…，so + much/little+不可数名词+that…
①There are so many people in the room that I can't get in.
②The man has so much money that he can buy a car.
6.让步状语从句
引导连词有though，although，even though/if，whatever，however。
Although he is young, he knows a lot of things.
虽然他年龄小，但却认识许多事物。
Even though you don't like him, you still have to be polite.
Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.
注意：although，though不能和but连用。
7.比较（方式）状语从句以than为引导连词。
常见连词(as)…as…; than…; the…, the…
Jim is older than Lucy (is).
吉姆比露西年长。
Skiing is more exciting than running.
The more you practice, the more knowledge you will get.
注意：than 引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。
8.条件状语从句以if, unless为引导连词。
If you eat bad food, you may be ill.
如果你吃到坏了的食物，就会生病。
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will have a sports meet.
注意：主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时。
三、状语从句中常见的误点
1. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的时态与主句的搭配：（俗称：主将从现）
2. 原因状语从句because与because of；
Because+从句和because of +n./ pron.
例如：
I was late because I didn't catch the bus.
I was late because of the rain.
典例剖析
1. Tom was playing with a toy ________ his sister was drawing a picture.
A. when B. while C. if D. but
答案：B
解析：考查连词。when当……时，引导时间状语从句时，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；while当……的时候，引导时间状语从句时，主从句通常都用过去进行时；if如果；but但是。根据语境可知，此处表示两个动作同时发生，故应用while引导时间状语从句，故选B。
2.—Tom was on his way home ________ a car hit him suddenly.
—Oh, I hope he is all right.
A. when B. while C. until D. as soon as
答案：A
解析：考查连词辨析。when当……时候：while当……时候，通常与延续性动词连用，且用于进行时中；until 直到……时：as soon as一……就……。根据"Tom was on his way home... a car hit him suddenly."可知当它回家时，此处时态是一般过去时，证明已经发生过了，且不是延续性的动作，应用when连接。故选A。
3. Jack was listening to music ________ he was riding his bike.
A. while B. when C. after D. where
答案：A
解析：考查连词辨析。while当……时候；when当……时候；after在……之后；where在哪里。根据"Jack was listening to music...he was riding his bike."可知主从句都是过去进行时，应用while引导时间状语从句，故选A。
4. Turn off the water ________ you are brushing your teeth.
A. while B. as soon as C. unless D. before
答案：A
解析：考查连词辨析。while当……时；as soon as一……就……；unless 除非；before 在……之前。根据"you are brushing your teeth."可知，此处表明后面动作发生时，前面动作同时发生，应该是while引导的时间状语从句。故选A。
5. They read the article very carefully _____ they can find out the answer as soon as possible.
A.so that B.as long C. even though
答案：A
解析：so that为了,以便于,引导目的状语从句;as long as只要,引导条件状语从句;even though即使,引导让步状语从句。结合句意可知,要用so that引导目的状语从句,其它选项语意不通。故选:A。
6. Many people like reading newspapers ________ they can learn what's happening in the world.
so that B. ever since
C. as soon as D. even though
答案：A
解析：句意：许多人喜欢阅读报纸以便他们能了解世界上正在发生什么事情。so that"以便，为了"，引导目的状语从句；ever since"自从"，引导时间状语从句；as soon as"……就……"，引导时间状语从句；even though"即使，尽管"，引导让步状语从句。由句意可知，空格后为目的状语从句。故选A。
7. As long as the whole of our society ____ trying, we will make our skies blue again.
A. keeps B. will keep C. kept
案：A
解析：考查动词的时态。句意为:只要我们整个社会不断努力,我们将会使天空再次变蓝。分析句子结构可知,as long as引导条件状语从句,主句用的是一般将来时,根据"主将从现"原则,从句应用一般现在时表示将来。故选A。
8. He could find the way home ________ he was only three years old.
A. though B. because C. so D. if
答案：A
解析：though虽然,引导让步状语从句,because因为,引导原因状语从句,并列连词so表示"因此、所以"之意,常用来连接两个简单句,这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系。if如果,引导条件状语从句。前句He could find the way home.他能找到回家的路,后面he was only three years old.他只有三岁。联系前后两句,表示转折关系,要用though。故选:A。
9. In my opinion, we can improve our oral English________ we often practice talking with others.
A. unless B. though C. if D. until
答案：C
解析：考查连词。句意:"在我看来,我们可以提高我们的英语口语。如果我们经常练习与人交谈。"A. unless除非; B. though尽管; C. if如果; D. until直到……时, 到……为止, 结合句意, 这里应该是if引导的状语从句, 故选:C。
10. I really enjoy the sunshine in winter, ________ it is a little cold.
A. and B. if C. so D. although
答案：D
解析：and和;if如果;so所以;although虽然。根据"我真的很喜欢冬天的阳光, ……有点冷。"可知,应该是"虽然",用although引导让步状语从句。故选:D。
11. We will go to the zoo ________ the weather is sunny on the weekend.
A. if B. but C. after D. or
答案：A
解析：句意：如果周末天气晴朗的话，我们将去动物园。考查连词。if如果；but但是；after在……之后；or或者。根据"We will go to the zoo...the weather is sunny on the weekend."可知，此处是假设天气晴朗的话就去动物园，应用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。
12.—Are you going to Jane's Halloween party
—I am going to the party ________ my mother says OK.
A. if B. because C. but D. so
答案：A
解析：句意：—你要去简的万圣节派对吗？—如果我妈妈说可以去，我会去那个派对。考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；but但是；so因此。根据"I am going to the party...my mother says OK."可知，此处表示如果妈妈同意就会去派对，所以用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
13. My grandpa still keeps running every day ________ he is over 70 years old.
A. though B. because C. if D. until
答案：A
解析：句意：尽管我爷爷已经70多岁了，他仍然每天坚持跑步。考查连词辨析。though尽管；because因为；if如果；until直到。根据"My grandpa still keeps running every day...he is over 70 years old."可知前后句是让步关系，though引导让步状语从句，故选A。
14.________ Zhang Guimei is in poor health, she still tries her best to help girls from poor areas.
A. Unless B. Though C. Since
答案：B
解析：Unless除非,引导条件状语从句;Though虽然,引导让步状语从句;Since自从,引导时间状语从句。根据"……张桂梅身体不好,她仍然尽力帮助贫困地区的女孩们。"可知,空处的词是引导让步状语从句,应用though"虽然"。故选:B。
15. One can hardly make progress _____ they learn from their mistakes. So don't be afraid of making mistakes.
A. since B. unless C. when
答案：B
解析：since自从;unless除非;when当……时候。根据One can hardly make progress"一个人很难取得进步"可知,"除非"他们从错误中吸取教训。用unless引导条件状语从句。故选:B。
感谢聆听