2022-2023学年广东省深圳市光明区高三（上）期末英语试卷（Word版含解析）
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| 名称 | 2022-2023学年广东省深圳市光明区高三（上）期末英语试卷（Word版含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 47.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-22 20:38:19 | ||
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2022-2023学年广东省深圳市光明区高三（上）期末英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Best online-learning platforms
EdPlace
Age range: suitable for children aged 5~16
Price: 99 per year or 15 per month, family discount packages available
An EdPlace subscription gives your child access to thousands of interactive tutorial(家庭教师的) worksheets covering the core national curriculum subjects: English, maths and science up to GCSE level. Worksheets created by teachers with at least five years of experience are assigned to your child and adaptive technology tailors assignments to match your child's progress.
Tutorful
Age range: any age
Price: free to sign up, rates are set by tutors
No matter what subject your kids need a bit of help with, Tutorful matches children (or adults) with the right tutor to boost their confidence and maximize their potential. You can browse thousands of tutors and filter(筛选) by location, level of expertise, and more.
Your Favorite Teacher
Age range: suitable for children aged 13～16
Price:14-day free trial, then 18.99 per month
Ideal for older children, Your Favorite Teacher is an online-learning platform that’ll help your child do better in their GCSE exams, with English, maths and science courses created by experienced teachers. Your child's subject knowledge will quickly improve through engaging, teacher-led videos.
BBC Bitesize
Age range: suitable for children aged 5～16
Price: free
BBC Bitesize offers resources for a broad range of subjects from KSl to GCSE. "Lessons" are delivered to younger children through engaging videos and games and older children can access notes followed by tasks to test their knowledge. BBC Bitesize has resources specifically tailored to the curricula for Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales, too.
1. How much would an EdPlace learner with an annual subscription pay
A. 15. B. 18.99. C. 99. D. 180.
2. What is special about Tutorful
A. It has no age limit. B. It offers free trial.
C. It is free of charge. D. It is an online platform.
3. Which platform best suits a Scottish learner
A. EdPlace. B. Tutorful.
C. Your Favorite Teacher. D. BBC Bitesize.
B
Working out which colleges to apply for can be one of the most difficult decisions any high schooler can face, but Alena got it all out of the way early as she's only 13 and already has her medical school offer.
The application process for the medical school was "super stressful", but she was adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said, even if it was "no". "If I could say anything to another little girl that looks like me: never stop believing and don't give up on your dreams just because somebody tells you 'no'. You can do anything that you put your mind and your heart to," she said.
Alena is the youngest African American person to get into a US medical school, and the second-youngest person overall.
Alena didn't just wake up one day and decide to go to the medical school while in middle school— she's a child genius. By the time she was 11 she'd already taken several high school courses. When Alena turned 12, she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled (注册) in online classes at Arizona State University.
If all goes to plan for Alena, she'll start studying to be a doctor at age 15, in 2024, and graduate when she's 18 when other kids her age are preparing for their freshmen year at college. Although she's so young, age is "not a big deal" to her and she is just a normal kid.
She explained, "I'm in honors choir, I'm in cheerleading and I play soccer. I hang out at the mall with my friends like a 13-year-old does, and I also go to the movies and go swimming with them. I'm very structured and very disciplined."
4. Why does the author mention the high schoolers' college application
A. To show how fortunate Alena is.
B. To explain high schoolers' difficult life.
C. To present preferences of high schoolers.
D. To stress how unusual Alena is to get the offer.
5. What does the underlined word "adamant" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Determined. B. Qualified. C. Innocent. D. Patient.
6. What can be inferred about Alena
A. She is now studying in a high school.
B. She is taking online university classes.
C. She will become a doctor at the age of 15.
D. She is the youngest to get into a US medical school.
7. Which of the following can best describe Alena's life
A. Stressful but hopeful. B. Cheerful but meaningless.
C. Rich and colorful. D. Simple and free.
C
Robots come in many shapes and sizes. But perhaps the most interesting and acceptable are the ones that look the most like humans. These human-like Robots—or humanoids—are used for a variety of purposes. They are programmed to handle tasks that are normally carried out by humans. Employers prefer these mechanical devices for many reasons: they are capable of working in an environment that is dangerous for humans; they don't get distracted or need to take breaks; they don't request vacation time or ask to leave an hour early.
Researchers at the University of Arkansas in the United States say that the mobile robots they have created are ideal for the job of hospital attendants. These mobile robots, known as HelpMates, store a detailed map of the hospital in their memory. They are mobile and are programmed to avoid things and people in their way. The robots' sensors (传感器) can detect a human's approach and quickly get out of the way. Unlike humans, these robots cannot climb staircases. But, yes, they know how to press a button for the lift. They travel up the floors in style!
Researchers at a Massachusetts university have gone a step further. They are creating a robot that can constantly change its shape according to the task it has to do. These robots are called polymorphic robots.
How does the robot change its form any number of times There is a 3D printer placed inside the robot. This printer uses a nozzle (喷嘴) to build up layers of thermoplastic to create the desired shape. Thermoplastic is a kind of plastic that softens upon heating and hardens when cooled. The entire process of changing form in this manner is called the rapid prototyping technology. Once the robot has performed its task, it can be melted (融化) down. Its thermoplastic parts can then be recycled into another useful tool by the 3D printer.
8. Why do employers prefer robots to human workers
A. Robots take the shape of humans.
B. Robots are good at time-consuming tasks.
C. Robots are better adapted to dangerous conditions.
D. Robots help to prevent human workers from taking breaks.
9. How do HelpMates travel between floors
A. By taking the lift.
B. With the aid of humans.
C. With the help of sensors.
D. By transforming into another form.
10. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the robot
A. Its major function. B. Its operating principle.
C. Its various shapes. D. Its working temperature.
11. Where can the text be found
A. In a research paper. B. In a medical journal.
C. In a financial newspaper. D. In a science magazine.
D
A new UK-based study on the effects of artificial light on local insect populations found that light pollution from street lamps disturbs insect behavior, leading to an overall loss of insects.
"We found that street lighting strongly reduced moth (飞蛾) population compared with unlit sites...and affected moth development," the study stated.
The study's results apply to a localized level and cannot be used to determine whether national-level populations are declining due to light pollution. However, it adds further weight to existing research on how light pollution affects ecosystems and biodiversity hotspots and highlights the need to shift to alternatives in artificial light that would tone down these effects.
The effects on insect populations are wide-ranging. More specifically, artificial light affects how moths lay their eggs and puts them at a higher risk of being spotted by predators (捕食性动物). It also affects moths' feeding behavior, which subsequently leads to declines in their population too. Light pollution thus joins a host of factors, such as climate change and deforestation, as one of the determinants of insect population decline.
While previous studies examined the effects of lighting on bats and other vertebrates, this study focused on their prey—creatures lower down in the food chain—and, as a result, complementing (补充) previous studies. Therefore, the study is concerning because it suggests an alarming loss of insects caused by artificial light, which will have far-reaching consequences for all the wildlife and ecosystems that depend on them.
Moreover, white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were found to have the worst impact on local insects and ecosystem processes. The researchers thus call for shifting away from white LEDs or employing processes such as motion sensors to make the lights less bright and changing colors and filters to avoid the negative impacts. If the findings of the study are anything to go by, local insect ecosystems will suffer considerable consequences- which will, in turn, affect the wildlife that depends on them and, ultimately, could perhaps even upset agricultural balances.
12. What can we learn about the new study
A. It is conducted on a local basis.
B. It highlights the value of artificial light.
C. It focuses on the preservation of insects.
D. It matters more than the existing research.
13. What effect does artificial light have on moths
A. It may put them in danger.
B. It prevents them from feeding.
C. It may lead to their extinction.
D. It disables them from laying eggs.
14. What do the researchers advise us to do with the LEDs
A. To shift to green alternatives.
B. To adopt brighter colors and filters.
C. To avoid adopting white-light LEDs.
D. To replace them with motion sensors.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Artificial Light and Wildlife Protection
B. Light Pollution and the Endangered Species
C. Artificial Light Has Negative Effects on Agriculture
D. Light Pollution from Street Lights Could Drive Insect Loss
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Although the "no better time than now" idea makes some sense when it comes to forming good habits, the fact of the matter is that your willpower is limited. (1) If stressed, or otherwise not in a normal daily routine, you'll find it much harder to keep up with a good habit.
Habits are something that is deeply rooted in our behavior. (2) Similarly, starting up a good habit is going to take a lot of work and conditioning. If you try to take on too much at once, you are probably setting yourself up for failure. So focus on just one good habit for now and move on to the others later.
While your goal may be to end up doing something every day (like exercising), it's unlikely that you're going to be able to reach that goal right from the start. It's going to take time and willpower to condition yourself. (3) Start building up that good habit gradually for a more successful habit forming.
(4) If you can set a different goal each week or so, you can motivate yourself without getting upset. Try exercising just two or three days the first week, then set a slightly higher goal for the next week, and so on. As you get more used to the act of exercising during the day, it'll become easier for you to work toward your end goal of working out every day. (5) The more consistently you can stick with it, the more you'll want to keep going.
A.Once you do, keep it up.
B.You are expected to start small.
C.It is important to set goals for yourself.
D.This is why quitting a bad habit is so hard.
E.You can do anything if you put your mind to it.
F.Thus, don't beat yourself up if you miss days at the beginning.
G.Considering this, it's better to wait until your life is in order before starting.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
I have been a librarian for over thirty years. Our library is a relatively big one in our town but when the pandemic (流行病) (21) , our service was limited to collecting books outside the library without getting out of the car. Our state considered us essential. People for the most part were (22) about it, and we had many borrowers coming to collect books every day. The absolute best (23) , though, was one who came every Monday.
She would (24) , and when we came out, she would always have a smile and try to make (25) . This girl would (26) borrow ten to twenty books every week and (27) them promptly (准时地) every Monday. The (28) thing was that the books she borrowed came in various (29) : some days they would be mysteries and sometimes classics or non-fiction.
Six months later, when we eventually got back to normal, she was there with a big plate of cookies from the local bakery and a (30) with beautifully handwritten words to express how much she (31) our efforts. I asked her if she was reading all those books, because honestly, we were always (32) . She laughed, saying "I read some of them, but I didn't want the (33) to go under during the health crisis, so I (34) if I could get as many books as I could (35) ，they would see that this was a necessary thing."
I admit my eyes were a little teary. And now she still comes and gets that many every week.
21. A. ended B. settled C. hit D. disappeared
22. A. enthusiastic B. understanding C. worried D. annoyed
23. A. shopper B. assistant C. relative D. regular
24. A. drive up B. throw up C. stand out D. hang out
25. A. sense B. money C. dinner D. conversation
26. A. secretly B. carefully C. constantly D. directly
27. A. donate B. return C. talk about D. pay for
28. A. silly B. odd C. hard D. natural
29. A. types B. colors C. shapes D. tastes
30. A. card B. book C. screen D. diary
31. A. needed B. expected C. welcomed D. appreciated
32. A. anxious B. serious C. curious D. nervous
33. A. market B. library C. store D. state
34. A. inquired B. regretted C. figured D. doubted
35. A. checked out B. given away C. sold out D. put away
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. You can call it a fitness trend or a mindfulness practice or a bit of both. But what (1) (exact) is forest bathing The term emerged in Japan in the 1980s as a physiological (生理上的) and psychological exercise (2) (call) shinrin-yoku ("forest bathing" or "taking in the forest atmosphere"). The purpose was twofold: to offer an eco-treatment to tech burnout (3) inspire people to reconnect with and protect the country's forests.
The Japanese quickly accepted this form of eco-treatment. In the 1990s, researchers (4) (begin) studying the physiological benefits of forest bathing, providing the science to support (5) we innately (与生俱来地) know: time spent immersed (沉浸) in nature is good for (6) (we). While Japan is credited with the term shinrin-yoku, the concept at the heart of the practice (7) (be) not new. Many cultures have long recognized the (8) (important) of nature to human health.
Forest bathing is not just for the wilderness-lover; the practice can be as simple as walking in any (9) (nature) environment and connecting with what is around you. For (10) more systematic experience, you can join trained guides for a thoughtful two-hour eco-treatment journey.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day last June, I picked my son up from afterschool care to take him to the second of his twice-weekly boxing classes. He was tired and hungry and didn't feel like going. "Can you drive me to the dam (大坝), Mom I want to find something fun there," he begged. The Colliery Dam is a pleasant attraction in our town. Beautiful big trees with birds calling, a freshwater reservoir (水库) filled with fish, and acres of paths to wander. But I insisted I had decided that it was important that he finish what he started, and that it was equally important to teach him that sometimes we have to do things even when we don't feel like it.
Effectively, I was ignoring an eight-year-old's request for some rest. He went to school five days a week, as well as before and after school care; he had a tutor once a week, two boxing classes and gymnastics on the weekend. However, I felt it justified in that he's a very active boy and needs ways to get out all his energy.
But on this particular day, he was not going to let me ignore his feelings, however hard I tried. He even declared that he would never go to the boring boxing classes and instead take the painting courses he had been longing for. As usual, I rejected, claiming that's an activity for girls. As we got in the hot car for a 15-minute drive to boxing, he returned to a three-year-old—he screamed and cried and kicked my seat.
We pulled into the parking lot, both of us worn out, annoyed and angry. My son took off his seat belt and curled (蜷缩) into a ball on the floor. What was I doing Why was I so determined that he go to boxing Was I worried that his absence would reflect badly on me as a parent somehow Wouldn't it actually teach him that I heard he was tired and hungry and needed a break and that it was just as well that boys took painting classes "Put on your seat belt," I said. "We're going to the dam."
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
When we arrived at the dam, I noticed the tension disappear from both of our bodies.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
My son has now quit boxing and is taking painting once a week.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假定你是李华，你校开设了中国文学选修课，你的交换生好友Richard写邮件向你寻求选课建议。请给他写一封回信，建议他选修中国古典诗歌。内容包括：
1.你的理由；
2.学习建议；
3.愿意提供帮助。
参考词汇：选修课optional course；中国古典诗歌classical Chinese poetry
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Richard,
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个在线学习平台。
1.
根据EdPlace部分中的Price: 99 per year or 15 per month（价格：每年99英镑或每月15英镑）可知，一个EdPlace学习者每年订阅需要99英镑。故选C。
2. 根据Tutorful部分中的Age range: any age（年龄范围：任何年龄）可知，Tutorful没有年龄限制。故选A。
3. 根据BBC Bitesize部分中的BBC Bitesize has resources specifically tailored to the curricula for Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales, too.（BBC Bitesize也有专门为苏格兰、北爱尔兰和威尔士的课程定制的资源。）可知，BBC Bitesize适合苏格兰学习者。故选D。
4~7.【答案】D、A、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了年仅13岁的Alena因为自身的天赋和坚持不懈的努力，成为被美国一所大学的医学院录取的最年轻的非裔美籍学生。
1. 根据第一段内容（申请哪所大学可能是任何高中生面临的最困难的决定之一，但阿莱娜很早就解决了这个问题，因为只有13岁的她已经收到了医学院的录取通知。）可推知，作者提到了高中生的大学申请是为了强调只有13岁的Alena收到录取通知是多么不寻常。故选D。
2. 根据划线词所在句子The application process for the medical school was "super stressful", but she was adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said（申请医学院的过程“压力超级大”，但她was adamant to自己的梦想，不管别人说什么）中转折连词“but”和“follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said”可推知，尽管申请医学院很难，但Alena坚持追逐梦想，所以划线词adamant与determined意思相近，意为“坚定的”。故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled (注册) in online classes at Arizona State University（她高中毕业，目前就读于亚利桑那州立大学的在线课程）可知，Alena她正在上网上大学的课程。故选B。
4. 根据最后一段内容（她解释说:“我参加了荣誉合唱团，我参加了啦啦队，我踢足球。我像一个13岁的孩子那样和朋友们在商场里闲逛，我也和他们一起去看电影，去游泳。我很有条理，也很自律。”）可推知，Alena的生活丰富多彩。故选C。
8~11.【答案】C、A、B、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是说明文。主要介绍了机器人的优势、医院使用的机器人和根据任务改变形态的机器人的工作原理等。
1. 根据第一段中的they are capable of working in an environment that is dangerous for humans（它们能够在对人类有害的环境中工作）可知，机器人对危险环境的适应能力更强。故选C。
2. 根据第二段中的But, yes, they know how to press a button for the lift. They travel up the floors in style!（但是，是的，它们知道如何按下电梯按钮。它们走上了时尚的楼层！）可知，HelpMates在楼层之间是通过坐电梯移动的。故选A。
3. 根据最后一段内容（机器人如何多次改变形状？机器人内部有一台3D打印机。这台打印机使用一个喷嘴来堆积热塑性塑料层，以形成所需的形状。热塑性塑料是一种加热时软化，冷却时硬化的塑料。以这种方式改变形状的整个过程称为快速原型技术。一旦机器人完成任务，它就可以熔化。它的热塑性部件可以通过3D打印机回收到另一个有用的工具中。）可知，这一段主要介绍了根据任务改变形态的机器人的工作原理。故选B。
4. 根据第一段中的Robots come in many shapes and sizes. But perhaps the most interesting and acceptable are the ones that look the most like humans.（机器人有多种形状和尺寸。但也许最有趣和最受欢迎的是那些看起来最像人类的机器人。）及第二段中的Researchers at the University of Arkansas in the United States say that the mobile robots they have created are ideal for the job of hospital attendants.（美国阿肯色大学的研究人员表示，他们制造的移动机器人非常适合医院服务员的工作。）和第三段中的Researchers at a Massachusetts university have gone a step further. They are creating a robot that can constantly change its shape according to the task it has to do. (萨诸塞州一所大学的研究人员更进一步。他们正在创造一种机器人，它可以根据需要完成的任务不断改变形状。）可知，文章主要是关于机器人的话题，是属于科技类文章，因此这篇文章应该是来源于科技杂志。故选D。
12~15.【答案】A、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是说明文。主要介绍了英国开展的一项研究：研究发现晚上街灯造成的光污染对昆虫的数量有影响。
1. 根据第三段中的The study's results apply to a localized level（研究结果适用于局部水平）可知，此研究是在某一区域范围内开展的。故选A。
2. 根据第四段中的More specifically, artificial light affects how moths lay their eggs and puts them at a higher risk of being spotted by predators (捕食性动物).（人造光会影响飞蛾产卵的方式，使它们更容易被捕食者发现。）可知，人造光会使得飞蛾处于更容易被捕食者发现的危险中。故选A。
3. 根据最后一段中的The researchers thus call for shifting away from white LEDs or employing processes such as motion sensors to make the lights less bright and changing colors and filters to avoid the negative impacts.（因此，研究人员呼吁远离白色LED，或采用运动传感器等工艺来降低灯光亮度，并改变颜色和滤镜以避免负面影响。）可知，研究者建议避免使用发白光的LED灯。故选C。
4. 根据第一段内容（一项基于英国的关于人造光对当地昆虫种群影响的新研究发现，路灯的光污染会干扰昆虫的行为，导致昆虫的全面损失。）可知，文章的主要内容是路灯的光污染可能导致昆虫死亡。故选D。
16~20.【答案】G、D、F、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了受人的意志力的限制，培养好的习惯并非一蹴而就，而是一个循序渐进、持之以恒的过程。
1. 根据下文If stressed, or otherwise not in a normal daily routine, you'll find it much harder to keep up with a good habit.（如果有压力，或者不在正常的日常生活中，你会发现很难保持一个好习惯。）可知，要想保持一个好习惯，需要在正常的日常生活中。选项G“考虑到这一点，最好等到你的生活井然有序后再开始。”符合语境。故选G。
2. 根据上文Habits are something that is deeply rooted in our behavior.（习惯是我们行为中根深蒂固的东西。）和下文Similarly, starting up a good habit is going to take a lot of work and conditioning.（同样，养成一个好习惯需要大量的工作和调节。）可知，习惯在我们的行为中是根深蒂固的，所以要改变一个习惯很难。选项D“这就是为什么戒掉坏习惯如此困难的原因。”符合语境。故选D。
3. 根据上文While your goal may be to end up doing something every day (like exercising), it's unlikely that you're going to be able to reach that goal right from the start. It's going to take time and willpower to condition yourself.（虽然你的目标可能是每天做一些事情（比如，锻炼），但你不太可能从一开始就实现这个目标。调整自己需要时间和意志力。）可知，好习惯的养成需要时间和意志力来进行自我调节。选项F“因此，如果你一开始就错过了几天，不要自责。”符合语境。故选F。
4. 根据下文If you can set a different goal each week or so, you can motivate yourself without getting upset.（如果你能每周左右设定一个不同的目标，你就能激励自己而不会感到沮丧。）可知，本段讲述了设定目标的重要性和方法。选项C“为自己设定目标很重要。”符合语境。故选C。
5. 根据下文The more consistently you can stick with it, the more you'll want to keep going. (你越能坚持下去，你就越想坚持下去。）可知，一旦适应当前的节奏，你就要坚持下去，行为越具有连续性，你就越能够坚持。选项A“一旦你做了，就坚持下去。”符合语境。故选A。
21~35.【答案】C、B、D、A、D、C、B、B、A、A、D、C、B、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在疫情期间，有一位贴心的读者为了让图书馆能在特殊时期撑下去，每周都借10到20本书，让州政府觉得图书馆是必须开着的故事。
1. 句意：我们的图书馆在我们镇上是一个相对较大的图书馆，但当流行病来袭时，我们的服务仅限于在图书馆外收集书籍而无需下车。A.ended结束；B.settled定居；C.hit攻击；D.disappeared消食。根据下文“our service was limited to collecting books outside the library without getting out of the car”及结合句意，可知，因为当地爆发了流行病，所以我们的服务是在图书馆外收集书籍而无需下车。故选C。
2. 句意：大多数人都对此表示理解，我们每天都有很多借书人来取书。A.enthusiastic热情；B.understanding理解；C.worried担心；D.annoyed恼火。根据前文中到的图书馆服务方式的变和后文中提到的“we had many borrowers coming to collect books every day”可知，人们大都是“理解”这一情况的。故选B。
3. 句意：不过，最好的常客绝对是每周一都来的。A.shopper购物者；B.assistant助理；C.relative相对；D.regular经常的。根据“was one who came every Monday”及下文的内容可知，最好的“常客”是每周一都来的那个人。故选D。
4. 句意：她会开车上来，当我们出来时，她总是面带微笑，试图交谈。A.drive up开车；B.throw up吐出；C.stand out站起来；D.hang out闲逛。根据文章第一段中“our service was limited to collecting books outside the library without getting out of the car”可知，她是“开着车来的”。故选A。
5. 句意：她会开车上来，当我们出来时，她总是面带微笑，试图交谈。A.sense感觉；B.money金钱；C.dinner晚餐；D.conversation交谈。根据本句中的“she would always have a smile"可知，她是面带微笑，并试图话题与我们交谈。此处“make conversation”为习惯搭配，故选D。
6. 句意：这个女孩每周会经常借十到二十本书，每周一准时地归还。A.secretly秘密地；B.carefully小心地；C.constantly不断地；D.directly直接地。根据本句中提到那位女孩每周都借10到20本书，并且每周一准时归还，她是不断的借书并归还。故选C。
7.
句意：这个女孩每周会经常借十到二十本书，每周一准时地归还。A.donate捐赠；B.return归还；C.talk about谈论；D.pay for支付。根据本句中提到那位女孩每周都借10到20本书，并且每周一准时归还，她是不断的借书并归还。故选B。
8. 句意：奇怪的是，她借来的书有各种各样的类型：有时它们是神秘的，有时是经典或非小说。A.silly愚蠢的；B.odd奇怪的；C.hard硬的；D.natural自然的。根据本句中“some days they would be mysteries and sometimes classics or non-fiction”可知，女孩借的书的种类五花八门，这很“奇怪”。故选B。
9. 句意同上。A.types类型；B.colors颜色；C.shapes形状；D.tastes口味。根据本句中“some days they would be mysteries and sometimes classics or non-fiction”可知，女孩借的书的种类五花八门，是很多类型的。故选A。
10. 句意：六个月后，当我们最终恢复正常时，她带着一大盘当地面包店的饼干和一张手写精美的卡片，以表达她对我们努力的赞赏。A.card卡片；B.book书籍；C.screen屏幕；D.diary日记。根据本句中的“with beautifully handwritten words to express how much she (11) our efforts.”可知，她来的时候，带着一大盘从面包店买的饼干和一张写有漂亮的手写文字的“卡片”，故选A。
11. 句意同上。A.needed需要；B.expected期望；C.welcomed欢迎；D.appreciated赞赏。根据本句中的“with beautifully handwritten words to express how much she (11) our efforts”可知，她来的时候，带着一大盘从面包店买的饼干和一张写有漂亮的手写文字的“卡片”，来表达她是多么感激我们的付出。故选D。
12. 句意：我问她是否在读所有这些书，因为老实说，我们总是很好奇。A.anxious焦虑的；B.serious严重的；C.curious好奇的；D.nervous紧张的。根据上文中“borrow ten to twenty books every week”所埋下的伏笔可知，作者及图书馆的人很“好奇”女孩是否能读完借的那么多书。故选C。
13. 句意：她笑着说：“我读了一些，但我不希望图书馆在健康危机期间倒闭，所以我想如果我能得到尽可能多的书，他们就会看到这是必要的”。A.market市场；B.library图书馆；C.store商店；D.state状态。结合文意，女孩每周都去图书馆借很多书，但是她只是读了其中的一部分，目的就是为了让“图书馆”不会因为流行病没有人去而关门。故选B。
14. 句意：她笑着说：“我读了一些，但我不希望图书馆在健康危机期间倒闭，所以我想如果我能得到尽可能多的书，他们就会看到这是必要的”。A.inquired询问；B.regretted后悔；C.figured认为；D.doubted怀疑。女孩“认为”如果借尽可能多的书，州政府会认为图书馆在疫情期间的开放是必要的。故选C。
15. 句意同上。A.checked out借出；B.given away送出；C.sold out售罄；D.put away收起。根据前文中“This girl would (6) borrow ten to twenty books every week”可知，女孩是借尽可能多的书。此处“checked out”为习惯搭配，意为“（从图书馆将书）借出”。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
exactly
【小题2】
called
【小题3】
and
【小题4】
began
【小题5】
what
【小题6】
us
【小题7】
is
【小题8】
importance
【小题9】
natural
【小题10】
a
【解析】1. 句意：但是，准确地说什么是森林浴呢？分析句子结构，应填入副词作方式状语修饰系动词be，故填exactly。
2. 句意：作为一种称之为森林浴的身心疗法，这个术语于20世纪80年代在日本出现。分析句子结构，空白处不作谓语，所以动词call只能使用非谓语动词形式；又因与其逻辑主语exercise之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用动词-ed形式，故填called。
3. 句意：它的目的是双重的：为工作倦怠提供一种生态疗法，鼓励人们与森林建立连接并保护国家的森林。分析句子结构，为两个动词不定式并列，应使用并列连词，故填and。
4. 句意：20世纪90年代，研究人员开始研究森林浴的生理效应，提供科学依据以支持我们与生俱来知道的东西：沉浸在大自然中的时光对我们有益。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语；再根据上文的时间状语In the 1990s可知，动作发生的时间再过去，应使用一般过去时的形式。故填began。
5. 句意同上。分析句子结构，“we innately know”为宾语从句且从句中缺少宾语，应使用which或what引导宾语从句，又因从句的宾语表达的不是选择而是内容，故填what。
6. 句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空白处作介词for的宾语，所以人称代词we应使用宾格形式，故填us。
7. 句意：虽然日本有功于“森林浴”这个术语，这种做法的核心思想并不新鲜。根据句意可知，表达的是一个客观事实，谓语动词应使用一般现在时的形式，故填is。
8. 句意：许多国家很早就已经意识到了自然对人类健康的重要性。分析句子及根据空白处前面的定冠词the可判断，空白处应使用important的名词形式，在句中作宾语，故填importance。
9. 句意：这种做法可以简单到在任何自然环境中行走，与你周围的东西建立连接。分析句子结构发现，空白处作定语修饰下文的名词environment ，应使用nature的形容词形式，故填natural。
10. 句意：为了一个更加系统化的体验，你可以找一个训练有素的导游，来一场周到的两小时生态疗法旅行。根据名词的语法规则，抽象名词前使用不定冠词表示“一个”，故填a。
37.【答案】 When we arrived at the dam, I noticed the tension disappear from both of our bodies. "The trees and plants can talk to us if we just listen," I said. And we both listened. We reached the water's edge and rolled up our pants and walked in. We built a big house out of bits of wood, and just sat and enjoyed the peace without saying a word. When we left an hour later, my son was a different person. He was laughing and joking, light and airy as the gentle wind.
My son has now quit boxing and is taking painting once a week. We have decided that weekends are for resting and playing in nature, and not for any more classes. He has been in good mood since we came back from the dam: he is helpful, generous and agreeable—in fact, we both are. I am so grateful that I got out of my own head that day and listened. We both learned the importance of a "nature break" that day, and we continue to value these breaks as an important part of our overall health and well-being.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】
本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在8岁的儿子放学后又去送他上拳击课时，儿子想要作者带着他去看大坝，而且还表示以后都不去拳击课而是要去上绘画课。作者就想方设法说服他，可他就是不愿意的故事。
【段落续写】
①由第一段首句内容“当我们到达大坝时，我注意到我们两个身体的紧张感消失了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和儿子到达大坝之后的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“我儿子现在已经退出了拳击，每周都要画画一次。”可知，第二段可描写作者和儿子现在的情况。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
到达大坝——玩耍——身心放松——做决定——儿子情绪好转——感悟
【词汇激活】
行为类
①到达：reach/arrive at
②欣赏：enjoy/appreciate
③决定：decide/make a decision
情绪类
①高兴的：airy/happy
②感激的：grateful/thankful
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句式】
①When we left an hour later, my son was a different person.（When引导的时间状语从句）
②We have decided that weekends are for resting and playing in nature, and not for any more classes.（that引导的宾语从句）
38.【答案】Dear Richard,
Glad to receive your email about the optional courses of Chinese literature, I think classical Chinese poetry is a good choice for you.
Learning classical Chinese poetry is a great way to better understand the history and culture of China. Besides, you can feel the charm of the Chinese language by reading the poems. ①To follow the course well, you'd better read as many poems as possible and look up related background information about the poets.
②If you have any other questions, I would be more than glad to help.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文是一篇应用文写作，话题为你校开设了中国文学选修课，你的交换生好友Richard写邮件向你寻求选课建议。请给他写一封回信，建议他选修中国古典诗歌。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。
【结构布局】
引言：推荐一门选修课
中心：说明推荐的理由
结尾：愿意提供帮助
【亮点词汇】
①feel the charm of感受魅力
②look up查阅
【高分句型】
①To follow the course well, you'd better read as many poems as possible and look up related background information about the poets.（动词不定式作目的状语）
②If you have any other questions, I would be more than glad to help.（If引导的条件状语从句）
【拓展词汇】
①arouse one's interest激发某人的兴趣
②desire to do渴望做
③for sure/certain一定地
【拓展句型】
①I recommend it mainly for the following two reasons.（我推荐它主要有以下两个原因。）
②Glad/Pleased/Delighted to know that..., I think it a good choice to do sth.（很高兴得知……，我认为做某事是个不错的选择。）
第1页，共1页
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
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Working out which colleges to apply for can be one of the most difficult decisions any high schooler can face, but Alena got it all out of the way early as she's only 13 and already has her medical school offer.
The application process for the medical school was "super stressful", but she was adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said, even if it was "no". "If I could say anything to another little girl that looks like me: never stop believing and don't give up on your dreams just because somebody tells you 'no'. You can do anything that you put your mind and your heart to," she said.
Alena is the youngest African American person to get into a US medical school, and the second-youngest person overall.
Alena didn't just wake up one day and decide to go to the medical school while in middle school— she's a child genius. By the time she was 11 she'd already taken several high school courses. When Alena turned 12, she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled (注册) in online classes at Arizona State University.
If all goes to plan for Alena, she'll start studying to be a doctor at age 15, in 2024, and graduate when she's 18 when other kids her age are preparing for their freshmen year at college. Although she's so young, age is "not a big deal" to her and she is just a normal kid.
She explained, "I'm in honors choir, I'm in cheerleading and I play soccer. I hang out at the mall with my friends like a 13-year-old does, and I also go to the movies and go swimming with them. I'm very structured and very disciplined."
4. Why does the author mention the high schoolers' college application
A. To show how fortunate Alena is.
B. To explain high schoolers' difficult life.
C. To present preferences of high schoolers.
D. To stress how unusual Alena is to get the offer.
5. What does the underlined word "adamant" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Determined. B. Qualified. C. Innocent. D. Patient.
6. What can be inferred about Alena
A. She is now studying in a high school.
B. She is taking online university classes.
C. She will become a doctor at the age of 15.
D. She is the youngest to get into a US medical school.
7. Which of the following can best describe Alena's life
A. Stressful but hopeful. B. Cheerful but meaningless.
C. Rich and colorful. D. Simple and free.
C
Robots come in many shapes and sizes. But perhaps the most interesting and acceptable are the ones that look the most like humans. These human-like Robots—or humanoids—are used for a variety of purposes. They are programmed to handle tasks that are normally carried out by humans. Employers prefer these mechanical devices for many reasons: they are capable of working in an environment that is dangerous for humans; they don't get distracted or need to take breaks; they don't request vacation time or ask to leave an hour early.
Researchers at the University of Arkansas in the United States say that the mobile robots they have created are ideal for the job of hospital attendants. These mobile robots, known as HelpMates, store a detailed map of the hospital in their memory. They are mobile and are programmed to avoid things and people in their way. The robots' sensors (传感器) can detect a human's approach and quickly get out of the way. Unlike humans, these robots cannot climb staircases. But, yes, they know how to press a button for the lift. They travel up the floors in style!
Researchers at a Massachusetts university have gone a step further. They are creating a robot that can constantly change its shape according to the task it has to do. These robots are called polymorphic robots.
How does the robot change its form any number of times There is a 3D printer placed inside the robot. This printer uses a nozzle (喷嘴) to build up layers of thermoplastic to create the desired shape. Thermoplastic is a kind of plastic that softens upon heating and hardens when cooled. The entire process of changing form in this manner is called the rapid prototyping technology. Once the robot has performed its task, it can be melted (融化) down. Its thermoplastic parts can then be recycled into another useful tool by the 3D printer.
8. Why do employers prefer robots to human workers
A. Robots take the shape of humans.
B. Robots are good at time-consuming tasks.
C. Robots are better adapted to dangerous conditions.
D. Robots help to prevent human workers from taking breaks.
9. How do HelpMates travel between floors
A. By taking the lift.
B. With the aid of humans.
C. With the help of sensors.
D. By transforming into another form.
10. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the robot
A. Its major function. B. Its operating principle.
C. Its various shapes. D. Its working temperature.
11. Where can the text be found
A. In a research paper. B. In a medical journal.
C. In a financial newspaper. D. In a science magazine.
D
A new UK-based study on the effects of artificial light on local insect populations found that light pollution from street lamps disturbs insect behavior, leading to an overall loss of insects.
"We found that street lighting strongly reduced moth (飞蛾) population compared with unlit sites...and affected moth development," the study stated.
The study's results apply to a localized level and cannot be used to determine whether national-level populations are declining due to light pollution. However, it adds further weight to existing research on how light pollution affects ecosystems and biodiversity hotspots and highlights the need to shift to alternatives in artificial light that would tone down these effects.
The effects on insect populations are wide-ranging. More specifically, artificial light affects how moths lay their eggs and puts them at a higher risk of being spotted by predators (捕食性动物). It also affects moths' feeding behavior, which subsequently leads to declines in their population too. Light pollution thus joins a host of factors, such as climate change and deforestation, as one of the determinants of insect population decline.
While previous studies examined the effects of lighting on bats and other vertebrates, this study focused on their prey—creatures lower down in the food chain—and, as a result, complementing (补充) previous studies. Therefore, the study is concerning because it suggests an alarming loss of insects caused by artificial light, which will have far-reaching consequences for all the wildlife and ecosystems that depend on them.
Moreover, white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were found to have the worst impact on local insects and ecosystem processes. The researchers thus call for shifting away from white LEDs or employing processes such as motion sensors to make the lights less bright and changing colors and filters to avoid the negative impacts. If the findings of the study are anything to go by, local insect ecosystems will suffer considerable consequences- which will, in turn, affect the wildlife that depends on them and, ultimately, could perhaps even upset agricultural balances.
12. What can we learn about the new study
A. It is conducted on a local basis.
B. It highlights the value of artificial light.
C. It focuses on the preservation of insects.
D. It matters more than the existing research.
13. What effect does artificial light have on moths
A. It may put them in danger.
B. It prevents them from feeding.
C. It may lead to their extinction.
D. It disables them from laying eggs.
14. What do the researchers advise us to do with the LEDs
A. To shift to green alternatives.
B. To adopt brighter colors and filters.
C. To avoid adopting white-light LEDs.
D. To replace them with motion sensors.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Artificial Light and Wildlife Protection
B. Light Pollution and the Endangered Species
C. Artificial Light Has Negative Effects on Agriculture
D. Light Pollution from Street Lights Could Drive Insect Loss
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Although the "no better time than now" idea makes some sense when it comes to forming good habits, the fact of the matter is that your willpower is limited. (1) If stressed, or otherwise not in a normal daily routine, you'll find it much harder to keep up with a good habit.
Habits are something that is deeply rooted in our behavior. (2) Similarly, starting up a good habit is going to take a lot of work and conditioning. If you try to take on too much at once, you are probably setting yourself up for failure. So focus on just one good habit for now and move on to the others later.
While your goal may be to end up doing something every day (like exercising), it's unlikely that you're going to be able to reach that goal right from the start. It's going to take time and willpower to condition yourself. (3) Start building up that good habit gradually for a more successful habit forming.
(4) If you can set a different goal each week or so, you can motivate yourself without getting upset. Try exercising just two or three days the first week, then set a slightly higher goal for the next week, and so on. As you get more used to the act of exercising during the day, it'll become easier for you to work toward your end goal of working out every day. (5) The more consistently you can stick with it, the more you'll want to keep going.
A.Once you do, keep it up.
B.You are expected to start small.
C.It is important to set goals for yourself.
D.This is why quitting a bad habit is so hard.
E.You can do anything if you put your mind to it.
F.Thus, don't beat yourself up if you miss days at the beginning.
G.Considering this, it's better to wait until your life is in order before starting.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
I have been a librarian for over thirty years. Our library is a relatively big one in our town but when the pandemic (流行病) (21) , our service was limited to collecting books outside the library without getting out of the car. Our state considered us essential. People for the most part were (22) about it, and we had many borrowers coming to collect books every day. The absolute best (23) , though, was one who came every Monday.
She would (24) , and when we came out, she would always have a smile and try to make (25) . This girl would (26) borrow ten to twenty books every week and (27) them promptly (准时地) every Monday. The (28) thing was that the books she borrowed came in various (29) : some days they would be mysteries and sometimes classics or non-fiction.
Six months later, when we eventually got back to normal, she was there with a big plate of cookies from the local bakery and a (30) with beautifully handwritten words to express how much she (31) our efforts. I asked her if she was reading all those books, because honestly, we were always (32) . She laughed, saying "I read some of them, but I didn't want the (33) to go under during the health crisis, so I (34) if I could get as many books as I could (35) ，they would see that this was a necessary thing."
I admit my eyes were a little teary. And now she still comes and gets that many every week.
21. A. ended B. settled C. hit D. disappeared
22. A. enthusiastic B. understanding C. worried D. annoyed
23. A. shopper B. assistant C. relative D. regular
24. A. drive up B. throw up C. stand out D. hang out
25. A. sense B. money C. dinner D. conversation
26. A. secretly B. carefully C. constantly D. directly
27. A. donate B. return C. talk about D. pay for
28. A. silly B. odd C. hard D. natural
29. A. types B. colors C. shapes D. tastes
30. A. card B. book C. screen D. diary
31. A. needed B. expected C. welcomed D. appreciated
32. A. anxious B. serious C. curious D. nervous
33. A. market B. library C. store D. state
34. A. inquired B. regretted C. figured D. doubted
35. A. checked out B. given away C. sold out D. put away
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. You can call it a fitness trend or a mindfulness practice or a bit of both. But what (1) (exact) is forest bathing The term emerged in Japan in the 1980s as a physiological (生理上的) and psychological exercise (2) (call) shinrin-yoku ("forest bathing" or "taking in the forest atmosphere"). The purpose was twofold: to offer an eco-treatment to tech burnout (3) inspire people to reconnect with and protect the country's forests.
The Japanese quickly accepted this form of eco-treatment. In the 1990s, researchers (4) (begin) studying the physiological benefits of forest bathing, providing the science to support (5) we innately (与生俱来地) know: time spent immersed (沉浸) in nature is good for (6) (we). While Japan is credited with the term shinrin-yoku, the concept at the heart of the practice (7) (be) not new. Many cultures have long recognized the (8) (important) of nature to human health.
Forest bathing is not just for the wilderness-lover; the practice can be as simple as walking in any (9) (nature) environment and connecting with what is around you. For (10) more systematic experience, you can join trained guides for a thoughtful two-hour eco-treatment journey.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day last June, I picked my son up from afterschool care to take him to the second of his twice-weekly boxing classes. He was tired and hungry and didn't feel like going. "Can you drive me to the dam (大坝), Mom I want to find something fun there," he begged. The Colliery Dam is a pleasant attraction in our town. Beautiful big trees with birds calling, a freshwater reservoir (水库) filled with fish, and acres of paths to wander. But I insisted I had decided that it was important that he finish what he started, and that it was equally important to teach him that sometimes we have to do things even when we don't feel like it.
Effectively, I was ignoring an eight-year-old's request for some rest. He went to school five days a week, as well as before and after school care; he had a tutor once a week, two boxing classes and gymnastics on the weekend. However, I felt it justified in that he's a very active boy and needs ways to get out all his energy.
But on this particular day, he was not going to let me ignore his feelings, however hard I tried. He even declared that he would never go to the boring boxing classes and instead take the painting courses he had been longing for. As usual, I rejected, claiming that's an activity for girls. As we got in the hot car for a 15-minute drive to boxing, he returned to a three-year-old—he screamed and cried and kicked my seat.
We pulled into the parking lot, both of us worn out, annoyed and angry. My son took off his seat belt and curled (蜷缩) into a ball on the floor. What was I doing Why was I so determined that he go to boxing Was I worried that his absence would reflect badly on me as a parent somehow Wouldn't it actually teach him that I heard he was tired and hungry and needed a break and that it was just as well that boys took painting classes "Put on your seat belt," I said. "We're going to the dam."
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
When we arrived at the dam, I noticed the tension disappear from both of our bodies.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
My son has now quit boxing and is taking painting once a week.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假定你是李华，你校开设了中国文学选修课，你的交换生好友Richard写邮件向你寻求选课建议。请给他写一封回信，建议他选修中国古典诗歌。内容包括：
1.你的理由；
2.学习建议；
3.愿意提供帮助。
参考词汇：选修课optional course；中国古典诗歌classical Chinese poetry
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Richard,
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个在线学习平台。
1.
根据EdPlace部分中的Price: 99 per year or 15 per month（价格：每年99英镑或每月15英镑）可知，一个EdPlace学习者每年订阅需要99英镑。故选C。
2. 根据Tutorful部分中的Age range: any age（年龄范围：任何年龄）可知，Tutorful没有年龄限制。故选A。
3. 根据BBC Bitesize部分中的BBC Bitesize has resources specifically tailored to the curricula for Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales, too.（BBC Bitesize也有专门为苏格兰、北爱尔兰和威尔士的课程定制的资源。）可知，BBC Bitesize适合苏格兰学习者。故选D。
4~7.【答案】D、A、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了年仅13岁的Alena因为自身的天赋和坚持不懈的努力，成为被美国一所大学的医学院录取的最年轻的非裔美籍学生。
1. 根据第一段内容（申请哪所大学可能是任何高中生面临的最困难的决定之一，但阿莱娜很早就解决了这个问题，因为只有13岁的她已经收到了医学院的录取通知。）可推知，作者提到了高中生的大学申请是为了强调只有13岁的Alena收到录取通知是多么不寻常。故选D。
2. 根据划线词所在句子The application process for the medical school was "super stressful", but she was adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said（申请医学院的过程“压力超级大”，但她was adamant to自己的梦想，不管别人说什么）中转折连词“but”和“follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said”可推知，尽管申请医学院很难，但Alena坚持追逐梦想，所以划线词adamant与determined意思相近，意为“坚定的”。故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled (注册) in online classes at Arizona State University（她高中毕业，目前就读于亚利桑那州立大学的在线课程）可知，Alena她正在上网上大学的课程。故选B。
4. 根据最后一段内容（她解释说:“我参加了荣誉合唱团，我参加了啦啦队，我踢足球。我像一个13岁的孩子那样和朋友们在商场里闲逛，我也和他们一起去看电影，去游泳。我很有条理，也很自律。”）可推知，Alena的生活丰富多彩。故选C。
8~11.【答案】C、A、B、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是说明文。主要介绍了机器人的优势、医院使用的机器人和根据任务改变形态的机器人的工作原理等。
1. 根据第一段中的they are capable of working in an environment that is dangerous for humans（它们能够在对人类有害的环境中工作）可知，机器人对危险环境的适应能力更强。故选C。
2. 根据第二段中的But, yes, they know how to press a button for the lift. They travel up the floors in style!（但是，是的，它们知道如何按下电梯按钮。它们走上了时尚的楼层！）可知，HelpMates在楼层之间是通过坐电梯移动的。故选A。
3. 根据最后一段内容（机器人如何多次改变形状？机器人内部有一台3D打印机。这台打印机使用一个喷嘴来堆积热塑性塑料层，以形成所需的形状。热塑性塑料是一种加热时软化，冷却时硬化的塑料。以这种方式改变形状的整个过程称为快速原型技术。一旦机器人完成任务，它就可以熔化。它的热塑性部件可以通过3D打印机回收到另一个有用的工具中。）可知，这一段主要介绍了根据任务改变形态的机器人的工作原理。故选B。
4. 根据第一段中的Robots come in many shapes and sizes. But perhaps the most interesting and acceptable are the ones that look the most like humans.（机器人有多种形状和尺寸。但也许最有趣和最受欢迎的是那些看起来最像人类的机器人。）及第二段中的Researchers at the University of Arkansas in the United States say that the mobile robots they have created are ideal for the job of hospital attendants.（美国阿肯色大学的研究人员表示，他们制造的移动机器人非常适合医院服务员的工作。）和第三段中的Researchers at a Massachusetts university have gone a step further. They are creating a robot that can constantly change its shape according to the task it has to do. (萨诸塞州一所大学的研究人员更进一步。他们正在创造一种机器人，它可以根据需要完成的任务不断改变形状。）可知，文章主要是关于机器人的话题，是属于科技类文章，因此这篇文章应该是来源于科技杂志。故选D。
12~15.【答案】A、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是说明文。主要介绍了英国开展的一项研究：研究发现晚上街灯造成的光污染对昆虫的数量有影响。
1. 根据第三段中的The study's results apply to a localized level（研究结果适用于局部水平）可知，此研究是在某一区域范围内开展的。故选A。
2. 根据第四段中的More specifically, artificial light affects how moths lay their eggs and puts them at a higher risk of being spotted by predators (捕食性动物).（人造光会影响飞蛾产卵的方式，使它们更容易被捕食者发现。）可知，人造光会使得飞蛾处于更容易被捕食者发现的危险中。故选A。
3. 根据最后一段中的The researchers thus call for shifting away from white LEDs or employing processes such as motion sensors to make the lights less bright and changing colors and filters to avoid the negative impacts.（因此，研究人员呼吁远离白色LED，或采用运动传感器等工艺来降低灯光亮度，并改变颜色和滤镜以避免负面影响。）可知，研究者建议避免使用发白光的LED灯。故选C。
4. 根据第一段内容（一项基于英国的关于人造光对当地昆虫种群影响的新研究发现，路灯的光污染会干扰昆虫的行为，导致昆虫的全面损失。）可知，文章的主要内容是路灯的光污染可能导致昆虫死亡。故选D。
16~20.【答案】G、D、F、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了受人的意志力的限制，培养好的习惯并非一蹴而就，而是一个循序渐进、持之以恒的过程。
1. 根据下文If stressed, or otherwise not in a normal daily routine, you'll find it much harder to keep up with a good habit.（如果有压力，或者不在正常的日常生活中，你会发现很难保持一个好习惯。）可知，要想保持一个好习惯，需要在正常的日常生活中。选项G“考虑到这一点，最好等到你的生活井然有序后再开始。”符合语境。故选G。
2. 根据上文Habits are something that is deeply rooted in our behavior.（习惯是我们行为中根深蒂固的东西。）和下文Similarly, starting up a good habit is going to take a lot of work and conditioning.（同样，养成一个好习惯需要大量的工作和调节。）可知，习惯在我们的行为中是根深蒂固的，所以要改变一个习惯很难。选项D“这就是为什么戒掉坏习惯如此困难的原因。”符合语境。故选D。
3. 根据上文While your goal may be to end up doing something every day (like exercising), it's unlikely that you're going to be able to reach that goal right from the start. It's going to take time and willpower to condition yourself.（虽然你的目标可能是每天做一些事情（比如，锻炼），但你不太可能从一开始就实现这个目标。调整自己需要时间和意志力。）可知，好习惯的养成需要时间和意志力来进行自我调节。选项F“因此，如果你一开始就错过了几天，不要自责。”符合语境。故选F。
4. 根据下文If you can set a different goal each week or so, you can motivate yourself without getting upset.（如果你能每周左右设定一个不同的目标，你就能激励自己而不会感到沮丧。）可知，本段讲述了设定目标的重要性和方法。选项C“为自己设定目标很重要。”符合语境。故选C。
5. 根据下文The more consistently you can stick with it, the more you'll want to keep going. (你越能坚持下去，你就越想坚持下去。）可知，一旦适应当前的节奏，你就要坚持下去，行为越具有连续性，你就越能够坚持。选项A“一旦你做了，就坚持下去。”符合语境。故选A。
21~35.【答案】C、B、D、A、D、C、B、B、A、A、D、C、B、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在疫情期间，有一位贴心的读者为了让图书馆能在特殊时期撑下去，每周都借10到20本书，让州政府觉得图书馆是必须开着的故事。
1. 句意：我们的图书馆在我们镇上是一个相对较大的图书馆，但当流行病来袭时，我们的服务仅限于在图书馆外收集书籍而无需下车。A.ended结束；B.settled定居；C.hit攻击；D.disappeared消食。根据下文“our service was limited to collecting books outside the library without getting out of the car”及结合句意，可知，因为当地爆发了流行病，所以我们的服务是在图书馆外收集书籍而无需下车。故选C。
2. 句意：大多数人都对此表示理解，我们每天都有很多借书人来取书。A.enthusiastic热情；B.understanding理解；C.worried担心；D.annoyed恼火。根据前文中到的图书馆服务方式的变和后文中提到的“we had many borrowers coming to collect books every day”可知，人们大都是“理解”这一情况的。故选B。
3. 句意：不过，最好的常客绝对是每周一都来的。A.shopper购物者；B.assistant助理；C.relative相对；D.regular经常的。根据“was one who came every Monday”及下文的内容可知，最好的“常客”是每周一都来的那个人。故选D。
4. 句意：她会开车上来，当我们出来时，她总是面带微笑，试图交谈。A.drive up开车；B.throw up吐出；C.stand out站起来；D.hang out闲逛。根据文章第一段中“our service was limited to collecting books outside the library without getting out of the car”可知，她是“开着车来的”。故选A。
5. 句意：她会开车上来，当我们出来时，她总是面带微笑，试图交谈。A.sense感觉；B.money金钱；C.dinner晚餐；D.conversation交谈。根据本句中的“she would always have a smile"可知，她是面带微笑，并试图话题与我们交谈。此处“make conversation”为习惯搭配，故选D。
6. 句意：这个女孩每周会经常借十到二十本书，每周一准时地归还。A.secretly秘密地；B.carefully小心地；C.constantly不断地；D.directly直接地。根据本句中提到那位女孩每周都借10到20本书，并且每周一准时归还，她是不断的借书并归还。故选C。
7.
句意：这个女孩每周会经常借十到二十本书，每周一准时地归还。A.donate捐赠；B.return归还；C.talk about谈论；D.pay for支付。根据本句中提到那位女孩每周都借10到20本书，并且每周一准时归还，她是不断的借书并归还。故选B。
8. 句意：奇怪的是，她借来的书有各种各样的类型：有时它们是神秘的，有时是经典或非小说。A.silly愚蠢的；B.odd奇怪的；C.hard硬的；D.natural自然的。根据本句中“some days they would be mysteries and sometimes classics or non-fiction”可知，女孩借的书的种类五花八门，这很“奇怪”。故选B。
9. 句意同上。A.types类型；B.colors颜色；C.shapes形状；D.tastes口味。根据本句中“some days they would be mysteries and sometimes classics or non-fiction”可知，女孩借的书的种类五花八门，是很多类型的。故选A。
10. 句意：六个月后，当我们最终恢复正常时，她带着一大盘当地面包店的饼干和一张手写精美的卡片，以表达她对我们努力的赞赏。A.card卡片；B.book书籍；C.screen屏幕；D.diary日记。根据本句中的“with beautifully handwritten words to express how much she (11) our efforts.”可知，她来的时候，带着一大盘从面包店买的饼干和一张写有漂亮的手写文字的“卡片”，故选A。
11. 句意同上。A.needed需要；B.expected期望；C.welcomed欢迎；D.appreciated赞赏。根据本句中的“with beautifully handwritten words to express how much she (11) our efforts”可知，她来的时候，带着一大盘从面包店买的饼干和一张写有漂亮的手写文字的“卡片”，来表达她是多么感激我们的付出。故选D。
12. 句意：我问她是否在读所有这些书，因为老实说，我们总是很好奇。A.anxious焦虑的；B.serious严重的；C.curious好奇的；D.nervous紧张的。根据上文中“borrow ten to twenty books every week”所埋下的伏笔可知，作者及图书馆的人很“好奇”女孩是否能读完借的那么多书。故选C。
13. 句意：她笑着说：“我读了一些，但我不希望图书馆在健康危机期间倒闭，所以我想如果我能得到尽可能多的书，他们就会看到这是必要的”。A.market市场；B.library图书馆；C.store商店；D.state状态。结合文意，女孩每周都去图书馆借很多书，但是她只是读了其中的一部分，目的就是为了让“图书馆”不会因为流行病没有人去而关门。故选B。
14. 句意：她笑着说：“我读了一些，但我不希望图书馆在健康危机期间倒闭，所以我想如果我能得到尽可能多的书，他们就会看到这是必要的”。A.inquired询问；B.regretted后悔；C.figured认为；D.doubted怀疑。女孩“认为”如果借尽可能多的书，州政府会认为图书馆在疫情期间的开放是必要的。故选C。
15. 句意同上。A.checked out借出；B.given away送出；C.sold out售罄；D.put away收起。根据前文中“This girl would (6) borrow ten to twenty books every week”可知，女孩是借尽可能多的书。此处“checked out”为习惯搭配，意为“（从图书馆将书）借出”。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
exactly
【小题2】
called
【小题3】
and
【小题4】
began
【小题5】
what
【小题6】
us
【小题7】
is
【小题8】
importance
【小题9】
natural
【小题10】
a
【解析】1. 句意：但是，准确地说什么是森林浴呢？分析句子结构，应填入副词作方式状语修饰系动词be，故填exactly。
2. 句意：作为一种称之为森林浴的身心疗法，这个术语于20世纪80年代在日本出现。分析句子结构，空白处不作谓语，所以动词call只能使用非谓语动词形式；又因与其逻辑主语exercise之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用动词-ed形式，故填called。
3. 句意：它的目的是双重的：为工作倦怠提供一种生态疗法，鼓励人们与森林建立连接并保护国家的森林。分析句子结构，为两个动词不定式并列，应使用并列连词，故填and。
4. 句意：20世纪90年代，研究人员开始研究森林浴的生理效应，提供科学依据以支持我们与生俱来知道的东西：沉浸在大自然中的时光对我们有益。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语；再根据上文的时间状语In the 1990s可知，动作发生的时间再过去，应使用一般过去时的形式。故填began。
5. 句意同上。分析句子结构，“we innately know”为宾语从句且从句中缺少宾语，应使用which或what引导宾语从句，又因从句的宾语表达的不是选择而是内容，故填what。
6. 句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空白处作介词for的宾语，所以人称代词we应使用宾格形式，故填us。
7. 句意：虽然日本有功于“森林浴”这个术语，这种做法的核心思想并不新鲜。根据句意可知，表达的是一个客观事实，谓语动词应使用一般现在时的形式，故填is。
8. 句意：许多国家很早就已经意识到了自然对人类健康的重要性。分析句子及根据空白处前面的定冠词the可判断，空白处应使用important的名词形式，在句中作宾语，故填importance。
9. 句意：这种做法可以简单到在任何自然环境中行走，与你周围的东西建立连接。分析句子结构发现，空白处作定语修饰下文的名词environment ，应使用nature的形容词形式，故填natural。
10. 句意：为了一个更加系统化的体验，你可以找一个训练有素的导游，来一场周到的两小时生态疗法旅行。根据名词的语法规则，抽象名词前使用不定冠词表示“一个”，故填a。
37.【答案】 When we arrived at the dam, I noticed the tension disappear from both of our bodies. "The trees and plants can talk to us if we just listen," I said. And we both listened. We reached the water's edge and rolled up our pants and walked in. We built a big house out of bits of wood, and just sat and enjoyed the peace without saying a word. When we left an hour later, my son was a different person. He was laughing and joking, light and airy as the gentle wind.
My son has now quit boxing and is taking painting once a week. We have decided that weekends are for resting and playing in nature, and not for any more classes. He has been in good mood since we came back from the dam: he is helpful, generous and agreeable—in fact, we both are. I am so grateful that I got out of my own head that day and listened. We both learned the importance of a "nature break" that day, and we continue to value these breaks as an important part of our overall health and well-being.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】
本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在8岁的儿子放学后又去送他上拳击课时，儿子想要作者带着他去看大坝，而且还表示以后都不去拳击课而是要去上绘画课。作者就想方设法说服他，可他就是不愿意的故事。
【段落续写】
①由第一段首句内容“当我们到达大坝时，我注意到我们两个身体的紧张感消失了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和儿子到达大坝之后的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“我儿子现在已经退出了拳击，每周都要画画一次。”可知，第二段可描写作者和儿子现在的情况。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
到达大坝——玩耍——身心放松——做决定——儿子情绪好转——感悟
【词汇激活】
行为类
①到达：reach/arrive at
②欣赏：enjoy/appreciate
③决定：decide/make a decision
情绪类
①高兴的：airy/happy
②感激的：grateful/thankful
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句式】
①When we left an hour later, my son was a different person.（When引导的时间状语从句）
②We have decided that weekends are for resting and playing in nature, and not for any more classes.（that引导的宾语从句）
38.【答案】Dear Richard,
Glad to receive your email about the optional courses of Chinese literature, I think classical Chinese poetry is a good choice for you.
Learning classical Chinese poetry is a great way to better understand the history and culture of China. Besides, you can feel the charm of the Chinese language by reading the poems. ①To follow the course well, you'd better read as many poems as possible and look up related background information about the poets.
②If you have any other questions, I would be more than glad to help.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文是一篇应用文写作，话题为你校开设了中国文学选修课，你的交换生好友Richard写邮件向你寻求选课建议。请给他写一封回信，建议他选修中国古典诗歌。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。
【结构布局】
引言：推荐一门选修课
中心：说明推荐的理由
结尾：愿意提供帮助
【亮点词汇】
①feel the charm of感受魅力
②look up查阅
【高分句型】
①To follow the course well, you'd better read as many poems as possible and look up related background information about the poets.（动词不定式作目的状语）
②If you have any other questions, I would be more than glad to help.（If引导的条件状语从句）
【拓展词汇】
①arouse one's interest激发某人的兴趣
②desire to do渴望做
③for sure/certain一定地
【拓展句型】
①I recommend it mainly for the following two reasons.（我推荐它主要有以下两个原因。）
②Glad/Pleased/Delighted to know that..., I think it a good choice to do sth.（很高兴得知……，我认为做某事是个不错的选择。）
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