中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
上外版必修一Unit2单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A book club can be a good way to develop an 1． (appreciate) of reading and new friendships, or it can be a big fat fail. The direction it takes really depends on how it 2． (manage).
Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is 3． (simple) the socials, think about forming a group to do social activities together.
Book club expert Davina Morgan-Witts conducted a survey of thousands of book club members. In that survey, 81 percent marked themselves as "very 4． (delight)" and they generally discussed the book for 75 minutes or longer.
5． (compare) with them, just 55 percent of people in the group talking for 20 minutes or less 6． (choose) the description of being happy.
"That's not to say social time is unimportant but it's secondary. It's because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions 7． the friendship forms, " Morgan-Witts explains. If you're eager 8． (discuss) books without all of the small talk, she suggests applying 9． membership of a public library group. "I was in one and it seemed 10． whole purpose of it was to get together to talk about books, " recalls Morgan-Witts.
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
用下列短语的适当形式填空
cut down; sound the alarm; be alive with; play a significant role; with an area of;
be home to; feed on; in turn; break down; breathe life into; due to; take…away; build up
11．We can consider each aspect of a development environment .
12．The pool goldfish.
13．Just as spring awakens nature, it can be a great time the creative process.
14． the significant progress made in Chinese education, China has become one of the most favored places for overseas students.
15．The collection over the last seventeen years.
16．The area 1, 600 threatened species, including grizzly bears, elk and so on.
17．Women's sports are the barriers in previously male-dominated domains.
18．Ride a bicycle. This will on carbon emissions and the money you spend on a car.
19．Press the button to in case of fire.
20．Two men claiming to be police officers went to the pastor's house and him .
21．Confidence also in a game.
22．We know that eagles usually small animals.
23．The park, about 3. 5 square miles, is located in Maryland.
三、翻译
24．我母亲总是很坚决，一旦她做出了决定，她就不会改变主意。（determined）
25．有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索宇宙。（explore; universe）
26．我们人类会用完有限的资源。因此，很多东西应该被回收再利用而不是被丢弃。（run out of; limited; resource; recycle）
27．我鼓足勇气咬了一口，惊奇地发现它尝起来有点苦涩。（gather all my courage，taste kind of bitter）（汉译英）
28．我不时地会看这张照片，提醒自己尊重所有动物。毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。（汉译英）
29．这里是里约热内卢，这里的现场气氛扣人心弦，紧张而热烈。如果中国队拿下这一分，她们将赢得这枚奥运金牌。
30．大多数成长于贫穷的孩子似乎更懂得奋斗的涵义。 (grow) (汉译英)
31．在我即将高中毕业之际，我想向我的老师们表达谢意，感激他们不辞辛劳地培育我们。 (gratitude)
32．The restaurant is famous for its （友好的氛围）and excellent service. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
33．显而易见，为了提高工作效率，你应该有充足的睡眠。
you should have enough sleep to improve your work efficiency.
四、完形填空
Many doctors know the story of " Mr. Wright". In 1957 he was diagnosed with cancer, and given only days to live. He heard that scientists had discovered a new medication, Krebiozen, that was 34． against cancer, and he begged the doctor to give it to him. His physician, Dr. Phillip West, finally agreed. After Mr. Wright had been given an injection on a Friday afternoon, the 35． doctor found his patient out of his "death bed", joking with the nurses the following Monday. "The tumours", the doctor wrote later,"" had 36． like snowballs on a hot stove."
Two months later, Wright read medical reports that the medication was fake. His condition immediately got worse again. "Don't 37． what you read in papers, " the doctor told Wright. Then he injected him with what he said was " a new super-refined double strength" version of the drug. 38． , there was no drug, just a mix of salt and water, but again it worked. Wright was the picture of 39． for another two months until he read an official report saying that Krebiozen was worthless. He died two days later.
This story has been 40． by doctors for a long time, dismissed as one of those strange tales that medicine cannot explain. The idea that a patient's 41． can make a fatal disease go away has been thought of as too strange. But now scientists are discovering that the placebo(安慰剂) effect is more powerful than anyone had ever thought. They are also beginning to discover how such miraculous results are 42． . Through new techniques of brain imagery, it can be shown that a thought, a belief or a desire can cause chemical processes in the brain which can have powerful effects on the 43． . Scientists are learning that a number of body reactions are not caused by information coming into the brain from the outside world, but by what the brain 44． to happen next.
"Placebos are' lies that 45． ,'"said Dr. Anne Harrington, a historian of science at Harvard University. "The word placebo is Latin for 'I shall please'(or I shall make you happy) and it is typically a treatment that a doctor gives to 46． patients to please them," she said." It looks like medication, but has no healing ingredients whatsoever. "Nowadays, doctors have much more powerful medicines to fight disease. But these treatments have not 47． the power of the placebo, quite the opposite. Maybe when scientists fully understand how placebos work, the powerful healing effects of the human 48． will be used more systematically!
34．A．vague B．unique C．effective D．impossible
35．A．astonished B．disappointed C．exhausted D．experienced
36．A．expanded B．melted C．accumulated D．moved
37．A．take down B．look for C．make out D．care about
38．A．Actually B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．Consequently
39．A．satisfaction B．deception C．health D．frustration
40．A．studied B．ignored C．invented D．spread
41．A．struggles B．promises C．rights D．beliefs
42．A．achieved B．neglected C．emphasized D．mixed
43．A．brain B．doctor C．body D．process
44．A．advises B．expects C．instructs D．forbids
45．A．heal B．hurt C．exist D．fade
46．A．optimistic B．careful C．peculiar D．anxious
47．A．maintained B．affected C．revealed D．maximized
48．A．relation B．strength C．being D．mind
五、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
King Canute couldn't stop the ocean's tide from rolling in — can Africa hold back the desert That's certainly what the continent is trying to do with its proposed"Great Green Wall", 8, 000km(almost 5, 000 miles)worth of trees that officials hope will stop the advancement of the Sahara Desert, which has been rapidly expanding southward.
The idea was introduced in the 1970s when the once-rich region turned barren(贫瘠的)due to climate change and intensive land use. But it's not a new idea; China has its own desert vegetation project to hold back the Gobi Desert!Thanks to the Chinese plan, the African project aims to plant 100 million hectares of trees by 2030 across the entire Africa. The initiative is a decade in, and around 15% completed, and there have already been benefits for many communities and wildlife. It's bringing life back to the continent's degraded landscapes at an unprecedented scale, providing not only food security and jobs but a reason to stay for the millions who live along its path.
The creators of the wall hope it will bring an urgently needed solution to the threats facing the African continent, creating 10 million jobs in rural areas, as well as preventing 250 million tons of carbon. The initia- tive is Africa-driven, which for those on the continent, is vital, and may hold the key to success. "The Great Green Wall …is about ownership, and that has been the failure of development aid because people were never identified with it, "said Elvis Paul Tangam, African Union Commissioner for the Sahara and Sahel Great Green Wall Initiative. "But this time they identify. This is the very thing of us!"
The wall may seem like a moonshot, but all the best ideas usually are. As Thomas Sankara, former president of Burkina Faso said in 1985, "You cannot carry out fundamental change without a certain degree of madness. The courage to turn your back on the old formulas, the courage to invent the future. "
49．What does Africa's"Great Green Wall"aim for
A．Offering more jobs for locals. B．Stopping the expansion of desert.
C．Creating a harmonious society. D．Improving African landscapes.
50．Where did Africa got the inspiration
A．From their practices of planting trees.
B．From the process of stopping flooding.
C．From China's success in desert control.
D．From Africans’wisdom and hard work.
51．What does"us"underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．African Unions. B．All advocates.
C．Land owners. D．All Africans.
52．How does Thomas Sankara feel about the initiative
A．Daring. B．Effortless. C．Critical. D．Doubtful.
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Along Route 1, in Thomaston, Maine, is a store filled with handicrafts-birdhouses and dollhouses, salad bowls and sailing ships-all made in Maine state prisons. Ted and Barbara Widmayer have been shopping here for decades. "We found the quality to be excellent, " said Ted.
Prisoners have been making things in Maine since the 1800s. Charlie Jones came here when he was 20, sentenced to 75 years in a state where there is no parole（假释）. In the workshops, he discovered he had a talent for carving. One of Jones' earlier projects was a golden eagle. which he learned to carve from a book.
"It's amazing to see the amount of talent that the residents have here," said Randall Liberty, commissioner （局长）of Maine's Department of Corrections．"We have more than 100 residents working here daily. They do about US $ 1. 6 million worth of work. "One of Maine's programs allows residents to earn a college degree. The money for it was donated by Doris Buffett, who lived in Rockland, Maine. "She gave us an initial US $2 million donation," said Liberty. "And that's the best money I've ever seen invested in anyone."
Charlie Jones is one of the graduates. "The college program is incredible," Jones laughed. "When we used to walk to dinner, we could hear people talking about their former crimes. But now when going to dinner, you'll hear somebody talking about their philosophy class or their history class. "
Liberty said, " The individuals that graduate have about a 5％ recidivism（再犯） rate, as opposed to a 60-65% nationally. That means 95% of the people who go through this program don't go back. "
When Doris Buffett died in 2020, Charlie Jones made a table, with legs made of books, to honor her. It's also carved with the names of courses open to prison residents, and the professors who teach them. On the table was a book telling Doris Buffett's story, and a thank-you note.
53．What does paragraph 2 tell us about Charlie Jones
A．He has a gift for carving.
B．He has earned a master degree.
C．He is only expert in carving eagles.
D．He has been in prison for about 20 years.
54．Why did Charlie Jones say those words in paragraph 4
A．To show how the prisoners tried to reform.
B．To reveal what led those like Charlie Jones to prison.
C．To list some courses included in the college program.
D．To highlight the positive effect of the college program.
55．What can we learn from paragraph 5
A．Prisoners in Maine create little value.
B．Few prisoners in Maine are hardworking.
C．The handicrafts made in Maine state prisons are of high quality.
D．Prisoners graduating from college have a lower recidivism rate.
56．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．How Doris Buffett died in 2020.
B．What the table made by Charlie Jones is like.
C．Charlie Jones' sorrow over the death of Doris Buffett.
D．Why there was a book telling Doris Buffett's story on the table.
C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Creative learning
High school programs at the National Gallery of Art value depth over breadth, exploring original works of art through a single specific question or theme.
High School Studio Workshops
Grades 9-12, Single museum visit, 2. 5 hours
These half-day art workshops include an in-depth examination and discussion of works of art in the galleries, followed by behind-the-scenes（幕后的）access to the Education Studio，where students create a related art project.
During the workshop, National Gallery of Art educators will encourage students to look carefully at works of art and then share their responses and they will inspire students to develop theories based on their observations.
Students will have the opportunity to create a work of art in the studio inspired by what they have seen in the galleries.
Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums
Grades 11-12
The Muscum Makers program explains how museums opcrate and what they have to offer. It gives upper-level high school students the tools to experience, understand and interpret art. Participants will gain an insider's view of how an art museum works.
Students meet for seven Saturday sessions from 10:00 am to 3:00 pletion of the program requires attendance of all seven sessions.
Creative Writing in the Galleries
Grades 7-12, 90 minutes
Students will provide a voice for their personal responses to art through creative writing while looking at a selection of artworks in the galleries. Using close observation, group discussion, and personal reflection, they will be guided through exercises that use different writing forms, including free-form poetry.
A maximum of 30 students（minimum of 15） will be accommodated（容纳） in each session.
57．What can students do at High School Studio Workshops
A．Get basic training as an artist.
B．Put forward their own art theories.
C．Discuss with artists about their works.
D．Learn about artists' hobbies and habits.
58．What can students get from Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums
A．Tools to create artworks.
B．Experience of designing a museum.
C．Knowledge about how museums work.
D．Academic credits for completing all sessions.
59．Which of the following groups can attend Creative Writing in the Galleries in each session
A．Two families of eight. B．Thirty Grade 10 students.
C．Forty high school students. D．Twenty-five college students.
D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Humanitarian（人道主义的）groups and lawmakers have criticized Italian authorities for preventing migrants who were not considered to be "vulnerable（脆弱的）"from disembarking（登陆）from rescue ships in Sicily on Sunday.
Charities and politicians blamed the selection process as illegal and regarded the actions of the Italian government as inhumane, reported the Associated Press news service, or AP. Italy's new government is reportedly targeting foreign-flagged rescue ships in a new procedure that is part of a regulation brought about by Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi.
Italy allowed a rescue ship carrying 179 refugees and migrants to enter a port in Sicily on Sunday and then later begin disembarking children and sick or "vulnerable" people, but 35 men on board were blocked from getting off the ship, reported the Reuters news agency. Later, agencies reported that 144 people had been allowed to disembark the Humanity 1 rescue ship, which sailed under a German flag. In the afternoon, 357 people were allowed off the Geo Barents ship operated by Doctors Without Borders, which sails under a Norwegian flag, but 215 people remained blocked on board.
Authorities continued to refuse safe harbor for hundreds of migrants onboard two other ships in nearby waters, said the AP. Humanity 1's captain refused to leave the port of Catania "until all survivors rescued from great suffering at sea have been disembarked", said SOS Humanity, the German-run charity that operates the ship. The charity strongly criticized Piantedosi's decision to only allow vulnerable people to disembark and on Monday said it would launch legal action against the Italian government, claiming Italy's actions violate European law and the Geneva Refugee Convention.
The BBC noted that Italy is one of the main entry points into Europe, and, according to the United Nations, 85, 000 migrants have arrived there on small, overcrowded boats since the start of the year. Italy's new prime minister, Giorgia Meloni, has promised to take action to stop those making the hazardous journeys across the Mediterranean.
Nongovernmental organizations say coastal nations are responsible by the law of the sea to rescue people who are suffering and that they are responsible to provide a safe port as soon as possible.
Till Rummenhohl, head of operations at SOS Humanity, said people were being "held hostage（人质）"onboard the Humanity 1 vessel. "We had health authorities onboard who decided who's weak enough, who is basically in urgent medical case and who's not, " Rummenhohl told DW News. "The people are not really sure what's happening to them. They have an uncertain future. They are afraid of being pushed back from Italy, into international waters or even to Libya. That's their greatest fear," he said.
60．Why were 35 of the 179 refugees not allowed to leave the ship to enter Italy in the beginning
A．They were not weak people.
B．They had no certifications.
C．The ship was in good condition.
D．The ship sailed under a German flag.
61．Which can replace the underlined word "hazardous" in paragraph 5
A．Comfortable. B．Thrilling. C．Long. D．Dangerous.
62．What is Rummenhohl's point of view according to the last paragraph
A．Italy's actions agreed with European law and the Geneva Refugee Convention.
B．Illegal migrants should be pushed back into international waters.
C．Coastal countries should save people who are suffering at sea.
D．Illegal migrants were supposed to be held hostage onboard.
63．Which can serve as the best title for the news report
A．Italy provides safe shelters for refugees
B．Italy prevents migrants from leaving ships
C．Humanityl's captain refuses to leave the port of Catania
D．Many migrants arrive in Italy on small, overcrowded boats
六、书面表达
64．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Anna要参加主题为"水资源保护"(Thirsty Earth)的海报征集活动。她写信向你求助，请你回信，要点包括：
1）表示支持；
2）给出建议；
3）表达祝愿。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Anna,
Yours,
Li Hua
基础达标
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
上外版必修一Unit2单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A book club can be a good way to develop an 1． (appreciate) of reading and new friendships, or it can be a big fat fail. The direction it takes really depends on how it 2． (manage).
Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is 3． (simple) the socials, think about forming a group to do social activities together.
Book club expert Davina Morgan-Witts conducted a survey of thousands of book club members. In that survey, 81 percent marked themselves as "very 4． (delight)" and they generally discussed the book for 75 minutes or longer.
5． (compare) with them, just 55 percent of people in the group talking for 20 minutes or less 6． (choose) the description of being happy.
"That's not to say social time is unimportant but it's secondary. It's because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions 7． the friendship forms, " Morgan-Witts explains. If you're eager 8． (discuss) books without all of the small talk, she suggests applying 9． membership of a public library group. "I was in one and it seemed 10． whole purpose of it was to get together to talk about books, " recalls Morgan-Witts.
【答案】1．appreciation；2．is managed；3．simply；4．delighted；5．Compared；6．chose；7．that；8．to discuss；9．for；10．the
【解析】【分析】本文一篇说明文，介绍了选择正确的经营方向与合理安排讨论图书和社交的时间对创建一个吸引人的读书俱乐部的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，时态语态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，时态，强调句，介词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：读书俱乐部可能是培养阅读欣赏力、发展新友谊的好方法，也可能是一个巨大的失败。根据空前的an和空后的of可知空处应填名词。appreciation"欣赏，鉴赏"。故填appreciation。
2．句意：事实上，它的发展方向取决于它是如何被管理的。从句主语it与manage之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据上文的takes和depends可知，此处要用一般现在时。故填is managed。
3．句意：如果他们的兴趣纯粹是社交聚会，那就考虑组一个团体一起进行社交活动。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰is，应用所给词的副词形式。 故填simply。
4．句意：在那次调查中，读书俱乐部里81%的人认为他们非常快乐，他们通常会花75分钟或更长时间讨论图书。空处修饰人，表示人的感受，应用-ed形式的形容词。delighted"高兴的，愉快的，快乐的"。故填delighted。
5．句意：与他们相比，在只讨论20分钟或更短时间的群体中，只有55%的人选择了高兴这一描述。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，55 percent of people和compare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填Compared。
6．考查时态。句意：与他们相比，在只讨论20分钟或更短时间的群体中，只有55%的人选择了高兴这一描述。此处是谓语动词，结合上文可知，此处描述的依然是调查的内容，是发生在过去的事，故用一般过去时。故填chose。
7．句意：Morgan-Witts解释说："不是说社交时间不重要，而是说它是次要的。正是因为开诚布公的讨论和意见的分享，友谊才得以形成。"此处使用了强调句型，被强调部分是"because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions"，故用that。
8．句意：如果你想要讨论图书而不是闲聊，她建议你申请成为公共图书馆小组的会员。此处为be eager to do sth.，固定短语，"渴望/希望做某事"，故填to discuss。
9．句意：如果你想要讨论图书而不是闲聊，她建议你申请成为公共图书馆小组的会员。apply for sth.，固定短语，"申请……"。故填for。
10．句意：我曾经加入过一个公共图书馆小组，它的全部目的似乎就是让人们聚在一起讨论图书。根据句意可知，此处表特指，故填the。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
用下列短语的适当形式填空
cut down; sound the alarm; be alive with; play a significant role; with an area of;
be home to; feed on; in turn; break down; breathe life into; due to; take…away; build up
11．We can consider each aspect of a development environment .
12．The pool goldfish.
13．Just as spring awakens nature, it can be a great time the creative process.
14． the significant progress made in Chinese education, China has become one of the most favored places for overseas students.
15．The collection over the last seventeen years.
16．The area 1, 600 threatened species, including grizzly bears, elk and so on.
17．Women's sports are the barriers in previously male-dominated domains.
18．Ride a bicycle. This will on carbon emissions and the money you spend on a car.
19．Press the button to in case of fire.
20．Two men claiming to be police officers went to the pastor's house and him .
21．Confidence also in a game.
22．We know that eagles usually small animals.
23．The park, about 3. 5 square miles, is located in Maryland.
【答案】11．in turn
12．is alive with
13．to breathe life into
14．Due to
15．has been built up
16．is home to
17．breaking down
18．cut down
19．sound the alarm
20．took；away
21．plays a significant role
22．feed on
23．with an area of
【解析】【分析】cut down动词短语，“消减，减少”; sound the alarm动词短语，“发出警报”; be alive with动词短语，“充满”； play a significant role动词短语，“起重要作用，扮演重要角色”; with an area of“具有.......的面积”; be home to动词短语，“......之家，......的栖息地”; feed on动词短语，“以.....为主食”; in turn介词短语，“依次，轮流”; break down动词短语，“出故障，打破”; breathe life into动词短语，“把活力注入......”; due to介词短语，“由于”; take…away动词短语，“带走”; build up动词短语，“积累，建立”。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
11．句意：我们可以依次考虑开发环境的各个方面。 in turn介词短语，“依次，轮流”，此处作状语，故填in turn 。
12．句意：水池里养满了金鱼。 be alive with动词短语，“充满”，此处是谓语动词，陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，故填is alive with 。
13．句意：正如春天唤醒大自然一样，这是一个让创造过程充满活力的好时机。 breathe life into动词短语，“把活力注入......”，此处不定式作定语，故填to breathe life into 。
14．句意：由于中国教育取得了重大进展，中国已成为海外学生最青睐的地方之一。due to介词短语，“由于”，此处作原因状语，故填Due to 。
15．句意：这批藏品是在过去17年中积累起来的。build up动词短语，“积累，建立”，此处是谓语动词，与主语The collection 是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语 over the last seventeen years ，可知应用现在完成时，故填 has been built up 。
16．句意：该地区有1600种濒危物种，包括灰熊、麋鹿等。 be home to动词短语，“.......之家，......的栖息地”，是谓语动词，陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填is home to 。
17．句意：女性运动正在打破以前男性主导的领域的障碍。break down动词短语，“出故障，打破”，此处是谓语动词，结合句意和助动词are，应用现在进行时，故填breaking down 。
18．句意：骑自行车。这将减少碳排放和你在汽车上的花费。cut down动词短语，“消减，减少”，此处是谓语动词，will后接动词原形，故填cut down 。
19．句意：发生火灾时，按下按钮发出警报。sound the alarm动词短语，“发出警报”，此处不定式作目的状语，故填sound the alarm 。
20．句意：两名自称警察的男子前往牧师家，将其带走。take…away动词短语，“带走”，根据went to the pastor's house 的时态，可知应用一般过去时，故填took；away。
21．句意：自信在比赛中也起着重要作用。 play a significant role动词短语，“起重要作用，扮演重要角色”，此处是谓语动词，陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填plays a significant role 。
22．句意：我们知道鹰通常以小动物为食。 feed on动词短语，“以......为主食”，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填feed on 。
23．句意：公园面积约为3。5平方英里，位于马里兰州。 with an area of“具有......的面积”，故填with an area of 。
三、翻译
24．我母亲总是很坚决，一旦她做出了决定，她就不会改变主意。（determined）
【答案】My mother is always determined and will never change her mind once she has made her decision.
【解析】【分析】“ 我母亲总是很坚决 ”是主系表结构，结合语境应用一般现在时，“坚决”应用 determined 表达，译为： My mother is always determined ；“ 一旦她做出了决定，她就不会改变主意 ”是once引导的条件状语从句，“做决定”应用动词短语make one's decision，结合汉语提示应用现在完成时，“改变主意”应用动词短语change one's mind，结合汉语提示应用一般将来时，译为： will never change her mind once she has made her decision，前后是并列结构，应用and连接，故答案为：My mother is always determined and will never change her mind once she has made her decision.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，一般将来时，现在完成时，条件状语从句以及固定短语make one's decision和change one's mind。
25．有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索宇宙。（explore; universe）
【答案】Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring universe.
【解析】【分析】此句指的是现在的事情，主从句要用一般现在时；“ 我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索宇宙 ”是that引导的宾语从句，译为：that we should stop wasting time and money exploring universe；"停止正在做的事情"应用动词短语stop doing sth.；"浪费时间做某事"应用动词短语waste time doing sth.，故答案为：Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring universe.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，宾语从句以及固定短语stop doing sth.和waste time doing sth.
26．我们人类会用完有限的资源。因此，很多东西应该被回收再利用而不是被丢弃。（run out of; limited; resource; recycle）
【答案】We humans will run out of the limited resource. Therefore, a lot of things should be recycled rather than thrown away.
【解析】【分析】“ 我们人类会用完有限的资源。 ”应用一般将来时，“ 用完 ”应用动词短语 run out of ，“有限的资源”用 the limited resource 表达；“很多东西应该被回收再利用而不是被丢弃。”应用情态动词should 与被动语态连用，“丢弃”应用throw away表达，故答案为：We humans will run out of the limited resource. Therefore, a lot of things should be recycled rather than thrown away.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般将来时，被动语态，以及固定短语throw away。
27．我鼓足勇气咬了一口，惊奇地发现它尝起来有点苦涩。（gather all my courage，taste kind of bitter）（汉译英）
【答案】I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it tasted kind of bitter.
【解析】【分析】根据句意及英文提示可知，句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。“鼓足勇气”可用短语gather all my courage；“咬了一口”可用短语take a bite；“很惊讶……”可用be amazed to do sth“；”尝起来有点苦涩“可用短语taste kind of bitter。故答案为I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it tasted kind of bitter.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意”鼓起勇气去做某事“可用gather all sb's courage to do sth。
28．我不时地会看这张照片，提醒自己尊重所有动物。毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。（汉译英）
【答案】From time to time I look at this photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
【解析】【分析】根据时间状语from time to time，可知这是在陈述经常性的动作，可用一般现在时；"不时地"表达为from time to time；"把……看作"表达为look at...as，"提醒物"表达reminder，"向……表达尊重"表达为show respect to. ，此处用其不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词reminder；"毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客"可处理为强调句，句型为：it be+强调部分+that（强调人可用who），"毕竟"表达为after all，"它们世界的访客"表达为visitors to their world。结合其他汉语提示，故答案为From time to time I look at this photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意这是两个句子，每个句子的开头的单词首写字母都应该大写。
29．这里是里约热内卢，这里的现场气氛扣人心弦，紧张而热烈。如果中国队拿下这一分，她们将赢得这枚奥运金牌。
【答案】The atmosphere here at the Rio de Janeiro is electric. If China wins this point, they will walk out of the stadium with Olympic gold medal.
【解析】【分析】根据句子的表达可知这是新闻报道，所以应该用一般现在时。“现场气氛”可用短语the atmosphere here ；“扣人心弦、紧张而热烈”可用形容词 electric来表达；“如果……”可用if引导的条件状语从句，再结合其他汉语意思可翻译为“ If China wins this point”；根据汉语“她们将赢得这枚奥运金牌”可知这句话的时态是一般将来时，所以该主从复合句要遵循“主将从现”的原则。故答案为The atmosphere here at the Rio de Janeiro is electric. If China wins this point, they will walk out of the stadium with Olympic gold medal.
【点评】考查汉译英。注意主从复合句中“主将从现“规则的使用。
30．大多数成长于贫穷的孩子似乎更懂得奋斗的涵义。 (grow) (汉译英)
【答案】The majority of children growing up in poverty seem to better understand the meaning of hard work.
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知，“大多数”可用短语the majority of ；”贫穷的孩子“应用children growing up in poverty，此处动词词组grow up与修饰词children为主动关系，故使用现在分词形式作后置定语；”似乎“应用seem to do，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为children，谓语动词用原形；”更懂得“应用better understand，即副词better修饰动词，表示程度；”奋斗的涵义“应用the meaning of hard work。故答案为The majority of children growing up in poverty seem to better understand the meaning of hard work。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意动词短语grow up在句子所作的成分。
31．在我即将高中毕业之际，我想向我的老师们表达谢意，感激他们不辞辛劳地培育我们。 (gratitude)
【答案】When I am about to graduate from my high school, I'd like to express my gratitude to my teachers for the trouble they have taken to nurture us.
【解析】【分析】在……之际，When，引导时间状语从句，即将，be about to，固定搭配，高中毕业 graduate from my high school，我想……，I'd like to ，向……express my gratitude to表达谢意，我的老师们，my teachers，感激他们不辞辛劳地培育我们，这里可以运用一个倒装，用介词for引出感谢的事情，for the trouble they have taken to nurture us，故填When I am about to graduate from my high school, I'd like to express my gratitude to my teachers for the trouble they have taken to nurture us.。
【点评】 考查汉译英，注意识记时间状语从句以及倒装句的用法。
32．The restaurant is famous for its （友好的氛围）and excellent service. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】friendly atmosphere
【解析】【分析】句意：这家餐厅以友好的气氛和优质的服务而闻名。分析句子，设空处应该填写名词作宾语。根据汉语提示，表示"友好的氛围"应该用friendly atmosphere。故答案为friendly atmosphere。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语friendly atmosphere。
33．显而易见，为了提高工作效率，你应该有充足的睡眠。
you should have enough sleep to improve your work efficiency.
【答案】It is obvious that
【解析】【分析】“显而易见”，英语用It is obvious that.…。it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语。故答案为It is obvious that。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，主语从句以及固定句式It is obvious that...。
四、完形填空
Many doctors know the story of " Mr. Wright". In 1957 he was diagnosed with cancer, and given only days to live. He heard that scientists had discovered a new medication, Krebiozen, that was 34． against cancer, and he begged the doctor to give it to him. His physician, Dr. Phillip West, finally agreed. After Mr. Wright had been given an injection on a Friday afternoon, the 35． doctor found his patient out of his "death bed", joking with the nurses the following Monday. "The tumours", the doctor wrote later,"" had 36． like snowballs on a hot stove."
Two months later, Wright read medical reports that the medication was fake. His condition immediately got worse again. "Don't 37． what you read in papers, " the doctor told Wright. Then he injected him with what he said was " a new super-refined double strength" version of the drug. 38． , there was no drug, just a mix of salt and water, but again it worked. Wright was the picture of 39． for another two months until he read an official report saying that Krebiozen was worthless. He died two days later.
This story has been 40． by doctors for a long time, dismissed as one of those strange tales that medicine cannot explain. The idea that a patient's 41． can make a fatal disease go away has been thought of as too strange. But now scientists are discovering that the placebo(安慰剂) effect is more powerful than anyone had ever thought. They are also beginning to discover how such miraculous results are 42． . Through new techniques of brain imagery, it can be shown that a thought, a belief or a desire can cause chemical processes in the brain which can have powerful effects on the 43． . Scientists are learning that a number of body reactions are not caused by information coming into the brain from the outside world, but by what the brain 44． to happen next.
"Placebos are' lies that 45． ,'"said Dr. Anne Harrington, a historian of science at Harvard University. "The word placebo is Latin for 'I shall please'(or I shall make you happy) and it is typically a treatment that a doctor gives to 46． patients to please them," she said." It looks like medication, but has no healing ingredients whatsoever. "Nowadays, doctors have much more powerful medicines to fight disease. But these treatments have not 47． the power of the placebo, quite the opposite. Maybe when scientists fully understand how placebos work, the powerful healing effects of the human 48． will be used more systematically!
34．A．vague B．unique C．effective D．impossible
35．A．astonished B．disappointed C．exhausted D．experienced
36．A．expanded B．melted C．accumulated D．moved
37．A．take down B．look for C．make out D．care about
38．A．Actually B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．Consequently
39．A．satisfaction B．deception C．health D．frustration
40．A．studied B．ignored C．invented D．spread
41．A．struggles B．promises C．rights D．beliefs
42．A．achieved B．neglected C．emphasized D．mixed
43．A．brain B．doctor C．body D．process
44．A．advises B．expects C．instructs D．forbids
45．A．heal B．hurt C．exist D．fade
46．A．optimistic B．careful C．peculiar D．anxious
47．A．maintained B．affected C．revealed D．maximized
48．A．relation B．strength C．being D．mind
【答案】34．C；35．A；36．B；37．D；38．A；39．C；40．B；41．D；42．A；43．C；44．B；45．A；46．D；47．B；48．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过Wright先生的故事，说明了安慰剂虽没有治疗成分，但有强大作用。这主要是和大脑会预期发生什么事有关。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
34．句意：他听说科学家们发现了一种新的药物——克氏菌素(Krebiozen)，可以有效地治疗癌症，于是他请求医生给他服用。A. vague“模糊的”；B. unique“独特的”；C. effective“有效的”；D. impossible“不可能的”。根据下文，他听说此药物无效后病情恶化，可知，此处是听说药物对病情有效，所以才请求服用的。故选C。
35．句意：医生惊讶地发现他的病人已经从“死亡之床”上爬了起来。A. astonished“吃惊的”；B. disappointed“失望的”；C. exhausted“筋疲力尽的”；D. experienced“熟练的”。Wright先生从“死亡之床”上爬起来，可知医生应该是非常的惊讶。故选A。
36．句意：像滚烫的火炉上的雪球一样融化了。A. expanded“扩大”；B. melted“融化”；C. accumulated“积累”；D. moved“移动”。根据常识可知，雪球在火炉上会融化。故选B。
37．句意：不要在意你在报告上读到什么。A. take down“记下”；B. look for“寻找”；C. make out“理解”；D. care about“在意”。Wright先生在医学报告上看见其实那个药物没有效果，病情恶化，此处医生应该是说不要在意报告上的话。故选D。
38．句意：事实上，没有药物，只有盐和水的混合物，但它又起作用了。A. Actually“事实上”；B. Moreover“而且”；C. Meanwhile“同时”；D. Consequently“因此”。医生说那是一种新的超精炼的双倍强度的药物，但实际上它并没有药效。故选A。
39．句意：Wright的健康状况又持续了两个月，直到他读到一份官方报告，说Krebiozen毫无价值。A. satisfaction “满意”；B. deception “欺骗”；C. health“健康”；D. frustration“挫折”。Wright看到报告后两天就去世了，可知他看到的应该是不好的消息，则Krebiozen是毫无价值的。故选C。
40．句意：这个故事长期以来一直被医生们忽视，被认为是医学无法解释的奇闻异事之一。A. studied“研究”；B. ignored“忽视”；C. invented“发明”；D. spread “伸展”。这个现象无法解释，而且很奇怪；直到后来科学家发现安慰剂作用真的很强大，也开始去探究它们为什么有那么大的功效。可知，这个无法解释的问题以前一直被忽视，后来科学家才探究它。故选B。
41．句意：认为病人的信念可以使绝症消失的想法一直被认为太奇怪了。A. struggles“斗争”；B. promises“约定”；C. rights“权利”；D. beliefs“信念”。安慰剂没有治疗作用，病人们的好转只能是因为他们的信念，故选D。
42．句意：他们也开始去发现这些神奇的结果是如何被实现的。A. achieved“完成，实现”；B. neglected“ 忽视”；C. emphasized“强调”；D. mixed“ 混合”。根据下文可知，此处说的是科学家们去探究安慰剂是如何实现有治疗作用的，即那些结果是怎样被实现的。故选A。
43．句意：通过大脑成像的新技术，可以证明，一个想法、一个信念或一个愿望可以引起大脑中的化学过程，对身体有强大的影响。A. brain“头脑”；B. doctor“医生”；C. body“身体”；D. process“过程”。根据上文可知，人的信念、想法对身体状况有很大影响，此处说的是这些想法引起大脑中的化学过程，对身体有着很大影响。故选C。
44．句意：而是由大脑预期接下来会发生什么引起的。A. advises“建议”；B. expects“预料”；C. instructs“命令”；D. forbids“禁止”。根据上文是一些身体反应不是由外界信息进入大脑引起的，而根据空后的happen next，此处是说大脑对接下来会发生什么进行预期。故选B。
45．句意：安慰剂是“可以治愈的谎言”。A. heal“治愈”；B. hurt“使疼痛”；C. exist“生存”；D. fade“逐渐消失”。安慰剂虽没有治疗作用，但却可以让病人们好转，所以安慰剂是有治愈作用却是谎言一般的存在。故选A。
46．句意：它通常是医生为了让焦虑的病人高兴而给他们的一种治疗。A. optimistic“乐观的”；B. careful“仔细的”；C. peculiar“罕见的”；D. anxious“焦虑的”。根据上文，安慰剂这个词在拉丁语里的意思是“我会让你高兴”，可知它应该是为了让“焦虑的”病人高兴起来。故选D。
47．句意：但这些治疗并没有削弱安慰剂的作用，恰恰相反。A. maintained “维持”；B. affected“影响”；C. revealed “暴露”；D. maximized “最大化”。治疗没有削弱安慰剂的作用，反而更有助于病情好转，此处指情况正好相反。quite the opposite 固定短语，“恰恰相反”。故选B。
48．句意：人类大脑强大的治愈作用将会被更系统地使用!A. relation“关系”；B. strength“力量”；C. being“存在”；D. mind“大脑”。根据上文可知，安慰剂本身没有治疗作用，身体好转是人类大脑的原因，此处说的是人类“大脑”强大的治愈作用。故选D。
五、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
King Canute couldn't stop the ocean's tide from rolling in — can Africa hold back the desert That's certainly what the continent is trying to do with its proposed"Great Green Wall", 8, 000km(almost 5, 000 miles)worth of trees that officials hope will stop the advancement of the Sahara Desert, which has been rapidly expanding southward.
The idea was introduced in the 1970s when the once-rich region turned barren(贫瘠的)due to climate change and intensive land use. But it's not a new idea; China has its own desert vegetation project to hold back the Gobi Desert!Thanks to the Chinese plan, the African project aims to plant 100 million hectares of trees by 2030 across the entire Africa. The initiative is a decade in, and around 15% completed, and there have already been benefits for many communities and wildlife. It's bringing life back to the continent's degraded landscapes at an unprecedented scale, providing not only food security and jobs but a reason to stay for the millions who live along its path.
The creators of the wall hope it will bring an urgently needed solution to the threats facing the African continent, creating 10 million jobs in rural areas, as well as preventing 250 million tons of carbon. The initia- tive is Africa-driven, which for those on the continent, is vital, and may hold the key to success. "The Great Green Wall …is about ownership, and that has been the failure of development aid because people were never identified with it, "said Elvis Paul Tangam, African Union Commissioner for the Sahara and Sahel Great Green Wall Initiative. "But this time they identify. This is the very thing of us!"
The wall may seem like a moonshot, but all the best ideas usually are. As Thomas Sankara, former president of Burkina Faso said in 1985, "You cannot carry out fundamental change without a certain degree of madness. The courage to turn your back on the old formulas, the courage to invent the future. "
49．What does Africa's"Great Green Wall"aim for
A．Offering more jobs for locals. B．Stopping the expansion of desert.
C．Creating a harmonious society. D．Improving African landscapes.
50．Where did Africa got the inspiration
A．From their practices of planting trees.
B．From the process of stopping flooding.
C．From China's success in desert control.
D．From Africans’wisdom and hard work.
51．What does"us"underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．African Unions. B．All advocates.
C．Land owners. D．All Africans.
52．How does Thomas Sankara feel about the initiative
A．Daring. B．Effortless. C．Critical. D．Doubtful.
【答案】49．B
50．C
51．D
52．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了非洲“绿色长城”工程建设的相关情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
49．细节题。根据第一段中的“officials hope will stop the advancement of the Sahara Desert, which has been rapidlyexpanding southward官员们希望能阻止撒哈拉沙漠的扩张，该沙漠一直在迅速向南扩张”，可知非洲的“绿色长城”的目标是组织撒哈拉沙漠的扩大，故选B。
50．细节题。根据第二段 “But it's not a new idea; China has its own desert vegetation project to hold backthe Gobi Desert! Thanks to the Chinese plan…但这并不是一个新想法；中国有自己的沙漠植被工程来遏制戈壁沙漠!多亏了中国的计划……”，可知非洲是从中国在控制沙漠扩张的成功经验中得到了灵感，故选C。
51．推断题。根据第三段中的“The initiative is Africa-driven, which for those on the continent, is vital这一倡议是由非洲推动的，对非洲大陆的人来说至关重要”和“…and that has been the failure…because people were never identified with it这就是失败的原因，因为人们从未认同它 ”以及“But this time they identify但这一次他们认同了”等信息，可知us指“所有的非洲人”，故选D。
52．推断题。根据Thomas Sankara的话“You cannot carry out fundamental change without a certain degree of madness. The courage to turn your back on the old formulas, the courage to invent the future如果没有某种程度的疯狂，就无法实现根本性的变革。抛弃旧模式的勇气，创造未来的勇气”，可知Thomas Sankara对于这次倡议是勇于创新、勇于冒险的，故选A。
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Along Route 1, in Thomaston, Maine, is a store filled with handicrafts-birdhouses and dollhouses, salad bowls and sailing ships-all made in Maine state prisons. Ted and Barbara Widmayer have been shopping here for decades. "We found the quality to be excellent, " said Ted.
Prisoners have been making things in Maine since the 1800s. Charlie Jones came here when he was 20, sentenced to 75 years in a state where there is no parole（假释）. In the workshops, he discovered he had a talent for carving. One of Jones' earlier projects was a golden eagle. which he learned to carve from a book.
"It's amazing to see the amount of talent that the residents have here," said Randall Liberty, commissioner （局长）of Maine's Department of Corrections．"We have more than 100 residents working here daily. They do about US $ 1. 6 million worth of work. "One of Maine's programs allows residents to earn a college degree. The money for it was donated by Doris Buffett, who lived in Rockland, Maine. "She gave us an initial US $2 million donation," said Liberty. "And that's the best money I've ever seen invested in anyone."
Charlie Jones is one of the graduates. "The college program is incredible," Jones laughed. "When we used to walk to dinner, we could hear people talking about their former crimes. But now when going to dinner, you'll hear somebody talking about their philosophy class or their history class. "
Liberty said, " The individuals that graduate have about a 5％ recidivism（再犯） rate, as opposed to a 60-65% nationally. That means 95% of the people who go through this program don't go back. "
When Doris Buffett died in 2020, Charlie Jones made a table, with legs made of books, to honor her. It's also carved with the names of courses open to prison residents, and the professors who teach them. On the table was a book telling Doris Buffett's story, and a thank-you note.
53．What does paragraph 2 tell us about Charlie Jones
A．He has a gift for carving.
B．He has earned a master degree.
C．He is only expert in carving eagles.
D．He has been in prison for about 20 years.
54．Why did Charlie Jones say those words in paragraph 4
A．To show how the prisoners tried to reform.
B．To reveal what led those like Charlie Jones to prison.
C．To list some courses included in the college program.
D．To highlight the positive effect of the college program.
55．What can we learn from paragraph 5
A．Prisoners in Maine create little value.
B．Few prisoners in Maine are hardworking.
C．The handicrafts made in Maine state prisons are of high quality.
D．Prisoners graduating from college have a lower recidivism rate.
56．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．How Doris Buffett died in 2020.
B．What the table made by Charlie Jones is like.
C．Charlie Jones' sorrow over the death of Doris Buffett.
D．Why there was a book telling Doris Buffett's story on the table.
【答案】53．A
54．D
55．D
56．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了受益于美国缅因州一所监狱的大学项目，一名叫做Charlie Jones的囚犯发现了自己的雕刻天赋，并雕刻了一些珍贵的作品。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
53．细节题。根据第二段中的“In the workshops, he discovered he had a talent for carving在作坊里，他发现自己有雕刻的天赋”，可知Charlie Jones有雕刻天赋，故选A。
54．推断题。根据第四段中“ The college program is incredible, When we used to walk to dinner, we could hear people talking about their former crimes. But now when going to dinner, you'll hear somebody talking about their philosophy class or their history class 大学课程太不可思议了。当我们过去步行去吃饭时，我们可以听到人们谈论他们以前的罪行。但现在吃饭的时候，你会听到有人谈论他们的哲学课或历史课”，可知Charlie Jones说这些话的原因是为了突出大学项目的积极影响，故选D。
55．细节题。根据第五段中“The individuals that graduate have about a 5％ recidivism（再犯） rate, as opposed to a 60-65% nationally. That means 95% of the people who go through this program don't go back毕业生的再犯率约为5%，而全国的再犯率为60-65%。这意味着95%参加过这个项目的人不会再回去”，可知大学毕业的犯人再犯率较低，故选D。
56．段落大意题。根据最后一段中“It's also carved with the names of courses open to prison residents, and the professors who teach them. On the table was a book telling Doris Buffett' s story, and a thank-you note它还刻有向监狱居民开放的课程名称，以及教授这些课程的教授。桌上放着一本讲述多丽丝·巴菲特故事的书和一封感谢信”，可知这一段主要对那张桌子进行了详细的描述，故选B。
C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Creative learning
High school programs at the National Gallery of Art value depth over breadth, exploring original works of art through a single specific question or theme.
High School Studio Workshops
Grades 9-12, Single museum visit, 2. 5 hours
These half-day art workshops include an in-depth examination and discussion of works of art in the galleries, followed by behind-the-scenes（幕后的）access to the Education Studio，where students create a related art project.
During the workshop, National Gallery of Art educators will encourage students to look carefully at works of art and then share their responses and they will inspire students to develop theories based on their observations.
Students will have the opportunity to create a work of art in the studio inspired by what they have seen in the galleries.
Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums
Grades 11-12
The Muscum Makers program explains how museums opcrate and what they have to offer. It gives upper-level high school students the tools to experience, understand and interpret art. Participants will gain an insider's view of how an art museum works.
Students meet for seven Saturday sessions from 10:00 am to 3:00 pletion of the program requires attendance of all seven sessions.
Creative Writing in the Galleries
Grades 7-12, 90 minutes
Students will provide a voice for their personal responses to art through creative writing while looking at a selection of artworks in the galleries. Using close observation, group discussion, and personal reflection, they will be guided through exercises that use different writing forms, including free-form poetry.
A maximum of 30 students（minimum of 15） will be accommodated（容纳） in each session.
57．What can students do at High School Studio Workshops
A．Get basic training as an artist.
B．Put forward their own art theories.
C．Discuss with artists about their works.
D．Learn about artists' hobbies and habits.
58．What can students get from Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums
A．Tools to create artworks.
B．Experience of designing a museum.
C．Knowledge about how museums work.
D．Academic credits for completing all sessions.
59．Which of the following groups can attend Creative Writing in the Galleries in each session
A．Two families of eight. B．Thirty Grade 10 students.
C．Forty high school students. D．Twenty-five college students.
【答案】57．B
58．C
59．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了3个由国家美术馆主办的与艺术有关的适合中学生的高中课程。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
57．细节题。根据标题High School Studio Workshops下面的"During the workshop，National Gallery of Art educators will encourage students to look carefully at works of art and then share their responses and they will inspire students to develop theories based on their observations在研讨会上，国家美术馆的教育者们将鼓励学生们仔细观看艺术作品，然后分享他们的回答，他们将启发学生们根据他们的观察发展理论"，可知学生在这个研讨会可以“develop theories based on their observations根据他们的观察发展理论”，故选B。
58．推断题。根据标题Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums下的“The Muscum Makers program explains how museums opcrate and what they have to offer. It gives upper-level high school students the tools to experience, understand and interpret art. Participants will gain an insider's view of how an art museum worksMuscum Makers项目解释了博物馆如何包装以及他们能提供什么。它为高水平的高中生提供了体验、理解和诠释艺术的工具。参与者将从内部了解艺术博物馆是如何运作的”，可知学生从Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums可以了解到博物馆运营的知识，故选C。
59．细节题。根据标题Creative Writing in the Galleries 下的“Grades 7-12”和“A maximum of 30 students（minimum of 15） will be accommodated（容纳）in each session”，可知选项B在人数和年级范围内，故选B。
D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Humanitarian（人道主义的）groups and lawmakers have criticized Italian authorities for preventing migrants who were not considered to be "vulnerable（脆弱的）"from disembarking（登陆）from rescue ships in Sicily on Sunday.
Charities and politicians blamed the selection process as illegal and regarded the actions of the Italian government as inhumane, reported the Associated Press news service, or AP. Italy's new government is reportedly targeting foreign-flagged rescue ships in a new procedure that is part of a regulation brought about by Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi.
Italy allowed a rescue ship carrying 179 refugees and migrants to enter a port in Sicily on Sunday and then later begin disembarking children and sick or "vulnerable" people, but 35 men on board were blocked from getting off the ship, reported the Reuters news agency. Later, agencies reported that 144 people had been allowed to disembark the Humanity 1 rescue ship, which sailed under a German flag. In the afternoon, 357 people were allowed off the Geo Barents ship operated by Doctors Without Borders, which sails under a Norwegian flag, but 215 people remained blocked on board.
Authorities continued to refuse safe harbor for hundreds of migrants onboard two other ships in nearby waters, said the AP. Humanity 1's captain refused to leave the port of Catania "until all survivors rescued from great suffering at sea have been disembarked", said SOS Humanity, the German-run charity that operates the ship. The charity strongly criticized Piantedosi's decision to only allow vulnerable people to disembark and on Monday said it would launch legal action against the Italian government, claiming Italy's actions violate European law and the Geneva Refugee Convention.
The BBC noted that Italy is one of the main entry points into Europe, and, according to the United Nations, 85, 000 migrants have arrived there on small, overcrowded boats since the start of the year. Italy's new prime minister, Giorgia Meloni, has promised to take action to stop those making the hazardous journeys across the Mediterranean.
Nongovernmental organizations say coastal nations are responsible by the law of the sea to rescue people who are suffering and that they are responsible to provide a safe port as soon as possible.
Till Rummenhohl, head of operations at SOS Humanity, said people were being "held hostage（人质）"onboard the Humanity 1 vessel. "We had health authorities onboard who decided who's weak enough, who is basically in urgent medical case and who's not, " Rummenhohl told DW News. "The people are not really sure what's happening to them. They have an uncertain future. They are afraid of being pushed back from Italy, into international waters or even to Libya. That's their greatest fear," he said.
60．Why were 35 of the 179 refugees not allowed to leave the ship to enter Italy in the beginning
A．They were not weak people.
B．They had no certifications.
C．The ship was in good condition.
D．The ship sailed under a German flag.
61．Which can replace the underlined word "hazardous" in paragraph 5
A．Comfortable. B．Thrilling. C．Long. D．Dangerous.
62．What is Rummenhohl's point of view according to the last paragraph
A．Italy's actions agreed with European law and the Geneva Refugee Convention.
B．Illegal migrants should be pushed back into international waters.
C．Coastal countries should save people who are suffering at sea.
D．Illegal migrants were supposed to be held hostage onboard.
63．Which can serve as the best title for the news report
A．Italy provides safe shelters for refugees
B．Italy prevents migrants from leaving ships
C．Humanityl's captain refuses to leave the port of Catania
D．Many migrants arrive in Italy on small, overcrowded boats
【答案】60．A
61．D
62．C
63．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了意大利禁止没有被认定为“脆弱的”非法移民下船登陆。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、词义猜测题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
60．细节题。根据第一段中的“Humanitarian（人道主义的）groups and lawmakers have criticized Italian authorities for preventing migrants who were not considered to be "vulnerable（脆弱的）"from disembarking（登陆）from rescue ships in Sicily on Sunday人道主义组织和议员批评意大利当局星期天在西西里岛阻止被认为不是“弱势”的移民从救援船只上上岸”，可知那35人不被允许下船的原因是他们没有被认定为“脆弱的”，故选A。
61．词义猜测题。根据该词前的“85, 000 migrants have arrived there on small, overcrowded boats since the start of the year自今年年初以来，已有85000名移民乘坐拥挤的小船抵达”，结合选项，可知该词与"危险的"意思接近，故选D。
62．推理题。根据倒数第二段中的“Nongovernmental organizations say coastal nations are responsible by the law of the sea to rescue people who are suffering and that they are responsible to provide a safe port as soon as possible非政府组织说，根据海洋法，沿海国家有责任拯救正在遭受苦难的人，他们有责任尽快提供一个安全的港口”，可知沿海国家应该拯救在海上受苦的人们，故选C。
63．主旨题。从第一段“Humanitarian（人道主义的）groups and lawmakers have criticized Italian authorities for preventing migrants who were not considered to be "vulnerable（脆弱的）"from disembarking（登陆）from rescue ships in Sicily on Sunday”，可知最好的题目应该是“意大利禁止移民下船”，故选B。
六、书面表达
64．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Anna要参加主题为"水资源保护"(Thirsty Earth)的海报征集活动。她写信向你求助，请你回信，要点包括：
1）表示支持；
2）给出建议；
3）表达祝愿。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Anna,
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Anna,
Hearing that you plan to participate in the "Thirsty Earth" poster show activity, I feel happy for you and also honored to have the opportunity to offer some tips.
Firstly, it's important to make an eye-catching headline or slogan that helps people figure out the theme of water protection. Besides, adding pictures is strongly recommended to make the poster vivid. Last but not least, I hope you can find some related information of the present water situation on the earth and put it in simple sentences to cultivate people's awareness.
I hope my tips can be of help to you . Wish you a success in your poster design.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份回信 。写作背景： 你的英国笔友Anna要参加主题为"水资源保护"的海报征集活动。她写信向你求助。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）表示支持；2）给出建议；3）表达祝愿。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Hearing that you plan to participate in the "Thirsty Earth" poster show activity, I feel happy for you and also honored to have the opportunity to offer some tips.运用了现在分词作原因状语，宾语从句；Firstly, it's important to make an eye-catching headline or slogan that helps people figure out the theme of water protection. 运用了it作形式主语，限制性定语从句；Besides, adding pictures is strongly recommended to make the poster vivid. 运用了动名词作主语；Last but not least, I hope you can find some related information of the present water situation on the earth and put it in simple sentences to cultivate people's awareness.运用了宾语从句；I hope my tips can be of help to you .运用了宾语从句。
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