新上外版必修一Unit 3单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷+解析卷）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
上外版必修一Unit3单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A book club can be a good way to develop an　1． 　 (appreciate) of reading and new friendships, or it can be a big fat fail. The direction it takes really depends on how it 　2． 　 (manage).
Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is　3． 　(simple) the socials, think about forming a group to do social activities together.
Book club expert Davina Morgan-Witts conducted a survey of thousands of book club members. In that survey, 81 percent marked themselves as "very　4． 　(delight)" and they generally discussed the book for 75 minutes or longer.
　5． 　(compare) with them, just 55 percent of people in the group talking for 20 minutes or less 　6． 　(choose) the description of being happy.
"That's not to say social time is unimportant but it's secondary. It's because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions 　7． 　 the friendship forms, " Morgan-Witts explains. If you're eager 　8． 　 (discuss) books without all of the small talk, she suggests applying 　9． 　 membership of a public library group. "I was in one and it seemed 　10． 　whole purpose of it was to get together to talk about books, " recalls Morgan-Witts.
【答案】1．appreciation；2．is managed；3．simply；4．delighted；5．Compared；6．chose；7．that；8．to discuss；9．for；10．the
【解析】【分析】本文一篇说明文，介绍了选择正确的经营方向与合理安排讨论图书和社交的时间对创建一个吸引人的读书俱乐部的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，时态语态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，时态，强调句，介词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：读书俱乐部可能是培养阅读欣赏力、发展新友谊的好方法，也可能是一个巨大的失败。根据空前的an和空后的of可知空处应填名词。appreciation"欣赏，鉴赏"。故填appreciation。
2．句意：事实上，它的发展方向取决于它是如何被管理的。从句主语it与manage之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据上文的takes和depends可知，此处要用一般现在时。故填is managed。
3．句意：如果他们的兴趣纯粹是社交聚会，那就考虑组一个团体一起进行社交活动。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰is，应用所给词的副词形式。 故填simply。
4．句意：在那次调查中，读书俱乐部里81%的人认为他们非常快乐，他们通常会花75分钟或更长时间讨论图书。空处修饰人，表示人的感受，应用-ed形式的形容词。delighted"高兴的，愉快的，快乐的"。故填delighted。
5．句意：与他们相比，在只讨论20分钟或更短时间的群体中，只有55%的人选择了高兴这一描述。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，55 percent of people和compare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填Compared。
6．考查时态。句意：与他们相比，在只讨论20分钟或更短时间的群体中，只有55%的人选择了高兴这一描述。此处是谓语动词，结合上文可知，此处描述的依然是调查的内容，是发生在过去的事，故用一般过去时。故填chose。
7．句意：Morgan-Witts解释说："不是说社交时间不重要，而是说它是次要的。正是因为开诚布公的讨论和意见的分享，友谊才得以形成。"此处使用了强调句型，被强调部分是"because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions"，故用that。
8．句意：如果你想要讨论图书而不是闲聊，她建议你申请成为公共图书馆小组的会员。此处为be eager to do sth.，固定短语，"渴望/希望做某事"，故填to discuss。
9．句意：如果你想要讨论图书而不是闲聊，她建议你申请成为公共图书馆小组的会员。apply for sth.，固定短语，"申请……"。故填for。
10．句意：我曾经加入过一个公共图书馆小组，它的全部目的似乎就是让人们聚在一起讨论图书。根据句意可知，此处表特指，故填the。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
短语填空
cut out, make up one's mind, be composed of, take action, lose weight, shave off, stick to, take up
11．　 　 your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter what happens.
12．Playing games not only 　 　our valuable time, but also does great harm to our health.
13．The town is without electricity and the water supply has been 　 　due to the earthquake.
14．I'm looking for a birthday present for my daughter, but I haven't 　 　.
15．The character "王" 　 　one vertical stroke and three horizontal strokes.
16．It might be a good idea to 　 　your beard before going to Beijing for the interview.
17．We must 　 　to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas.
18．As I have taken these two simple steps to exercise, I started to 　 　.
【答案】11．Stick to
12．takes up
13．cut out
14．made up my mind
15．is composed of
16．shave off
17．take action
18．lose weight
【解析】【分析】cut out动词短语，“切断，删除”； make up one's mind动词短语，“下决心”； be composed of动词短语，“由....组成”； take action动词短语，“采取行动”； lose weight动词短语，“减肥”； shave off动词短语，“刮掉，剃除”； stick to动词短语，“坚持”； take up动词短语，“占据，从事”。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
11．句意：无论发生什么，都要坚持你设定的睡觉时间和起床时间。stick to动词短语，“坚持”，此处是祈使句，应用动词原形，故填Stick to 。
12．句意：玩游戏不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康有害。 take up动词短语，“占据，从事”，此处是谓语动词，动名词短语playing games 作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填takes up 。
13．句意：由于地震，该镇断电，供水中断。cut out动词短语，“切断，删除”，此处是谓语动词，根据句意和助动词has been ，可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，故填 cut out 。
14．句意：我在给我女儿找生日礼物，但我还没有决定。make up one's mind动词短语，“下决心”，此处是谓语动词，根据句意和助动词haven't ，可知应用现在完成时，故填 made up my mind 。
15．句意：汉字“王“由一个垂直笔划和三个水平笔划组成。be composed of动词短语，“由....组成”，此处是谓语动词，结合语境应用一般现在时，故填is composed of 。
16．句意：在去北京面试之前把胡子剃掉可能是个好主意。shave off动词短语，“刮掉，剃除”，此处不定式作主语，故填shave off 。
17．句意：我们必须采取行动，在这个问题蔓延到其他地区之前加以处理。take action动词短语，“采取行动”，must后接动词原形，故填take action 。
18．句意：由于我采取了这两个简单的锻炼步骤，我开始减肥了。 lose weight动词短语，“减肥”，此处不定式作宾语，故填lose weight 。
三、翻译
19．得知你要访问一个中国家庭，我十分高兴。对你来说，了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪非常必要。
I'm very delighted to know that you're going to visit a Chinese family. 　 　 something about Chinese table manners.
【答案】It's necessary that you should know
【解析】【分析】结合句意可知缺少"对你来说，了解……非常必要"，可以使用it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语从句，结合前句时态，可知陈述事实用一般现在时，系动词用is，it is缩写成it's，用形容词necessary（必要的）作表语，that从句中主语用you（你），之后用虚拟语气，情态动词should后接动词原形，故答案为：It's necessary that you should know。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及查主语从句，一般现在时，虚拟语气。
20．The hotel has a beautiful environment and a　 　(家庭氛围). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】amily atmosphere/home atmosphere
【解析】【分析】句意：酒店环境优美，有家的氛围。"家庭氛围"应用短语family atmosphere/home atmosphere，由前面的a可知，应用单数，故答案为family atmosphere/home atmosphere。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语family atmosphere/home atmosphere。
21．他把论文放在一个空白信封里。
He placed the paper　 　　 　　 　　 　.
【答案】in；a；plain；envelope
【解析】【分析】结合所给中文提示词和英文翻译，可知要翻译的部分是"在一个空白信封里"，所以译为in a plain envelope。故答案为in；a；plain；envelope。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及介词短语作状语，以及固定短语in a plain envelope。
22．No one is allowed to speak loudly 　 　.
在阅览室不允许大声喧哗。（用动词-ing形式完成句子）
【答案】in the reading room
【解析】【分析】此处使用动名词reading，修饰名词room，使用介词in表"在……里面"，使用定冠词表特指。故填in the reading room。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及介词短语作状语以及动名词作定语。
23．这个画廊有一种独特的氛围，让我们充分领略了油画的魅力。
The 　 　 created a unique 　 　 where we appreciated the 　 　 of oil painting to the fullest.
【答案】gallery；atmosphere；charm
【解析】【分析】gallery“画廊”，在句中作主语，根据句意，用名词的单数形式。atmosphere“氛围”，前用不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。the +名词+of。charm魅力，为不可数名词。根据句意，故答案为：gallery；atmosphere；charm。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及名词作主语，表语和宾语。
24．What you said just now doesn't 　 　(讲得通).
【答案】make sense
【解析】【分析】句意：你刚才说得话讲不通。助动词doesn't后用动词原形，“讲得通”应用固定短语，make sense，故填make sense。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语 make sense 。
25．As is often the case, life 　 　(由……组成) happinesses and sorrows.
【答案】consists of
【解析】【分析】句意：生活是由快乐和悲伤组成的，这是常有的事。结合句意，句子是在陈述一个客观现象，故用一般现在时态即可；结合提示信息，表示“由……组成”为固定短语consist of，主语为life，单数，consist需要用到第三人称单数的形式。故填consists of。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，以及固定短语consist of。
26．He was admitted to a key university. 　 　(难怪) he was so thrilled.
【答案】No wonder
【解析】【分析】句意：他考上了一所重点大学。难怪他这么激动。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定句式，结合汉语提示“难怪”应为no wonder且位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填No wonder。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语no wonder。
27．Unfortunately, my car 　 　(出故障) on the way.
【答案】broke down
【解析】【分析】句意：不幸的是，我的车在路上出现了故障。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时，“出故障”应为break down与主语之间为主动关系。故填broke down。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时以及动词短语break down。
28．他的写作风格对年轻作者产生巨大影响。 (have an influence on) (汉译英)
【答案】His writing style has a great influence on young writers.
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知，本句描述客观现实，用一般现在时。主语"他们的写作风格"为名词短语his writing style；主语为第三人称单数，主谓一致，表示"对……有巨大影响"为have a great influence on，是固定搭配，不定冠词所连接的单词以辅音音素开头，应用a；"年轻作者"作介词on的宾语，表示为young writers，可数名词复数表泛指。句首字母大写，故答案为His writing style has a great influence on young writers.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语have a great influence on。
四、完形填空
I work as a waiter at a restaurant. Last night an elderly and seemingly 29． couple came into the restaurant and my co workers eated them. We usually 30． our own tables. At one point the elderly couple signaled to me that they were ready to 31． . I was super busy so I found myself a bit 32． , but out of politeness I went to them and 33． their order.
The 34． began ordering and started stammering (口吃)to an extent I'd never heard before. It was very 35． that he had a speech disorder. I could 36． the wife had told her husband a great range of things that she wanted, as a way for him to 37． ordering. It took a while for him to order, and in the meantime, she looked so proud and content 38． her husband's severe stammering.
Honestly the whole thing just brought me to 39． . It was touching and just made merealize that a huge part of 40． is acceptance, tolerance and support. She could have made the order and made things a lot 41． for her husband and 42． the stares from other tables, but she didn't. 43． she supported him and was proud to see him complete the order. I 44． took their gesture of wanting to order as being rude, but I think they 45． it because he really wanted to get the order right.
This whole thing also reminded me that life is 46． for all of us. I assumed this wealthy couple had everything going for them, but it just 47． me that all of us have our problems. Anyway, as long as we hold a positive attitude towards life, things will 48． well.
29．A．anxious B．troublesome C．wealthy D．talkative
30．A．take careof B．take part in
C．take possession of D．take interest in
31．A．eat B．order C．pay D．leave
32．A．helpful B．lucky C．awkward D．unwilling
33．A．refused B．took C．delivered D．received
34．A．waiter B．manager C．wife D．husband
35．A．common B．ridiculous C．apparent D．annoying
36．A．tell B．agree C．prove D．accept
37．A．allow B．suggest C．practice D．enjoy
38．A．becauseof B．in spite of C．in additionto D．as well as
39．A．anger B．laughter C．confusion D．tears
40．A．life B．career C．love D．kindness
41．A．cheaper B．earlier C．easier D．slower
42．A．avoided B．ignored C．returned D．respected
43．A．Luckily B．Instead C．Therefore D．Otherwise
44．A．initially B．deliberately C．eventually D．frequently
45．A．permitted B．regretted C．signaled D．admitted
46．A．worthwhile B．meaningless C．rewarding D．challenging
47．A．reminded B．inspired C．disappointed D．promised
48．A．actout B．work out C．break out D．pull out
【答案】29．C；30．A；31．B；32．D；33．B；34．D；35．C；36．A；37．C；38．B；39．D；40．C；41．C；42．A；43．B；44．A；45．C；46．D；47．A；48．B
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一对老年夫妇之间的爱情故事。作者想要告诉读者，每个人都不容易，一定要用积极的心态对待生活。
【点评】考查完形填空。考生可以先通读全文，了解大意，千万不要看一句，做一句。最后要再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
29．句意：昨晚，一对看起来很有钱的老年夫妇走进餐厅，我的同事安排他们坐下。A.anxious焦虑的;B.troublesome 麻烦的;C.wealthy 富有的; D. talkative 健谈的，根据最后一段的“I assumed this wealthy couplehad everything going for them（我以为这对富有的夫妇拥有一切）”可知这是一对看起来富有的夫妇。故选C。
30．句意：我们通常负责自己桌子的客人。A. take care of负责；处理;B. take part in 参加;C. take possession of占有;D. take interest 有兴趣，根据上文的”I work as a waiter at a restaurant.（ 我在一家餐馆当服务员。 ）“可知，服务员是要服务顾客的，要对自己桌子的客人负责的，take care of此处意为”处理，负责“符合句意。故选 A。
31．句意：当时他们示意我他们准备好点餐了。A.eat吃;B.order点餐;C.pay 支付;D.leave 离开，根据下文的”but out of politeness I went to them and 5 their order.“可知，他们是要点餐。故选B。
32．句意：我当时太忙，所以不太愿意去帮忙，但出于礼貌还是帮他们点餐了。A.helpful有帮助;B.lucky 幸运的;C. awkward 笨拙的;D. unwilling 不情愿的，由第一段第二句中“my co- worker seated”可知，这对老夫妇是作者同事接待的客人，根据该句后面的“but out of politeness”以及第三段最后一句中“ took their gesture of wanting to order as being rude”可知作者开始认为老夫妇不在自己的服务范围，却向自己示意点餐，感到有点不乐意。故选D。
33．句意：我当时太忙，所以不太愿意去帮忙，但出于礼貌还是帮他们点餐了。A.refused拒绝; B. took 拿走;C. delivered 交付;D. received 收到，从后文看，即使起初作者并不乐意，但最终还是走过去，为这对老夫妇服务点餐”take one's order“为固定搭配”接受某人的点餐“，符合语境，故选B.
34．句意：丈夫开始点餐，开始口吃到我以前从未听过的程度。A.waiter服务员; B. manager 经理;C. wife 妻子;D. husband 丈夫，根据下文的” I could 8 the wife had told her husband a great range ofthings that she wanted“可知，作者断定妻子已经告诉丈夫自己想吃的食物,因此应是丈夫在点餐，故选D。
35．句意：很明显，他有语言障碍。apparent A.common普通的;B.ridiculous 可笑的;C.apparent 明显的; D.annoying 烦人的，根据上文的“ I'd never heard before”可知，作者没见过口吃这么严重的人，因此此处应指他的语言障碍很明显。故选C。
36．句意：我敢断定妻子已经很清楚地告诉丈夫许多她要吃的东西了，她想让他练习点餐。A.tell辨别，识别； B. agree 同意；C. prove 证明；D. accept 接受，根据上下文语境可知，此处是指作者根据自己的观察判断出事情的真相。tell 此处意为“辨别，识别”，符合题意。故选 A。
37．句意：我敢断定妻子已经很清楚地告诉丈夫许多她要吃的东西了，她想让他练习点餐。A.allow允许;B. suggest 建议;C. practice 练习;D. enjoy 享受， 根据上下文语境可推断，妻子是想让患有口吃的丈夫练习点餐。practise 意为“练习”，符合题意。故选C。
38．句意：他花了好一会儿才点好餐，而与此同时，她一直看起来很自豪很满足，尽管她的丈夫有严重口吃。A. because of因为;B. in spite of 尽管;C. in addition to 除了;D. as well as也；和……一样 ，根据语境可知，空处前后是转折关系。in spite of 意为“尽管”，符合题意。故选B。
39．句意：说实话，整件事让我感动哭了。A.anger愤怒;B.laughter笑声;C. confusion混乱;D. tears眼泪，根据下文的“I was touching and just made me realize that a huge part of” 可知，作者看到“妻子”和"丈夫"的爱，非常感动。” bring sb to tears“意为“使人热泪盈眶”，符合句意，故选D。
40．句意：这很感人，让我意识到爱的很大一部分是接受、宽容和支持。A.life生活;B. career职业;C. love 爱;D. kindness仁慈，根据整篇文章主要讲的是一对老年人夫妇之间的爱的故事，可知love符合语境，故选C。
41．句意：她本可以自己点餐，让她丈夫的工作轻松得多，避免其他桌子的目光，但她没有。A.cheaper更便宜的;B. earlier 更早的;C. easier 更容易的;D.slower 更慢的，根据上文内容可知，她丈夫有严重的语言障碍，点菜很费劲，她本可以自己点菜让丈夫轻松一些。故选C。
42．句意：她本可以自己点餐，让她丈夫的工作轻松得多，避免其他桌子的目光，但她没有。A.avoided避免; B. ignored 忽略;C. returned 返回;D. respected尊敬，根据上下文语境可知，如果妻子自己点餐，就可以避免其他客人投来异样的眼光。故选A。
43．句意：相反，她支持他，并为他完成点菜这项工作感到骄傲。A，Luckily幸运的是;B.Instead 相反;C.Therefore 因此；D.Otherwise 否则，结合上一句可知，妻子并没有使自己把事情简单化而害怕别人嘲笑而放弃让丈夫“点餐”，而是因为“丈夫”成功点餐而感到无比高兴，Instead承上启下，符合文意，故选B。
44．句意：最初，我认为他们示意我点餐的行为是粗鲁的，但现在我知道了因为他真的非常想把餐点正确，才向我示意的。A.initially最初; B. deliberately 故意地;C. eventually 最终;D.frequently 经常，根据第一段内容可知，作者开始起初认为他们不礼貌。initially意为“开始，起初”，照应第一段内容，故选A。
45．句意：最初，我认为他们示意我点餐的行为是粗鲁的，但现在我知道了因为他真的非常想把餐点正确，才向我示意的。A.permitted允许; B. regretted 后悔;C.signaled 示意;发信号;D.admitted 承认;根据signal意为“示意，发信号”与第一段中的 signaled及该句中的gesture呼应，他们示意是为了点对餐。故选C。
46．句意：整件事也提醒我，生活总是充满挑战的。根据文章大意可知，即使这对老年夫妇很富有，他们的生活依然会有挑战。A.worthwhile值得的;B. meaningless 毫无意义的;C. rewarding奖的;D.challenging 具有挑战性的 ，根据前文“丈夫”有行为障碍，及后文“all of us have our problems” 可知，生活对我们来说都不容易，challenging意为“具有挑战性的"，符合文意，故选D。
47．句意：我认为这对富有的夫妇拥有一切，但这却提醒我，我们每个人都有自己的问题。A.reminded提醒; B.inspired 获得灵感;C.disappointed 失望;D. promised 承诺，根据remind意为”提醒，使想起“，与前一句的” reminded“相呼应，符合文意。故选A。
48．句意：无论如何，只要我们积极面对生活，一切都会好的。A.act out表演;B. work out 结果;锻炼;C.break out 爆发; D. pull out 拔出，根据语境可知，此处是指只要有积极的态度，事情就会进展顺利。故选B。
五、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, strangely, had not troubled anyone before: he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature-that is what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes，think of the classic cone（圆锥体）shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which were created when erupting magma（岩浆）piled up. These can form remarkably quickly. One day in 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are someten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however, a second less known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole， the caldera（火山口）. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type，but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up（放大的照片）for one of the visitors＇ centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park-2. 2 million acres-was a caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across-much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
49．What does the underlined word "its" in paragraph 1 refer to
A．The ground. B．The nature. C．The volcano. D．The park.
50．Why was there smoke rising from the Mexican farmer's land
A．A single big crack was forming there.
B．Someone was burning stalks there.
C．A volcano was erupting underneath.
D．There were some hot springs there.
51．How did Bob Christiansen discover the park's volcano
A．By looking at the photographs.
B．By analyzing its steamy features.
C．By researching historical documents.
D．By using some advanced equipment.
52．What can we infer about Yellowstone
A．Its level is much higher than the surrounding areas.
B．The volcano in it involved mountain building.
C．It is a large hole left by the explosion.
D．Its shape is much like a cone.
【答案】49．D
50．C
51．A
52．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。20世纪60年代，Bob 在研究黄石国家公园的火山历史时，对一件从未困扰过任何人的事情感到困惑：他找不到公园里的火山。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
49．推断题。根据该词前的“It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature长期以来，人们都知道黄石公园本质上是火山”，结合该句的含义，可知此处的its指代的是黄石公园，故选D。
50．推断题。根据第二段中的“One day in 1943，a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across1943年的一天，一位墨西哥农民惊讶地发现他的一小部分土地上冒出了烟。不到一个星期，他就成了一个500英尺高的圆锥体的主人。不到两年，它的最高高度几乎达到了1400英尺，直径超过了半英里”，可知这位墨西哥农民的土地上冒烟的原因是火山爆发，故选C。
51．细节题。根据第三段中的“As soon as Christiansen saw the photos，he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera： almost the whole park-2. 2 million acres-was a caldera克里斯蒂安森一看到这些照片，就意识到为什么他没能发现火山口:几乎是整个公园。200万英亩——是一个破火山口”，可知Bob是通过看照片才发现黄石公园的火山的，故选A。
52．推断题。根据第三段中的“The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across-much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level爆炸留下了一个直径超过40英里的大洞——太大了，从地面上的任何地方都看不到”，可知黄石公园是爆炸留下的一个大洞，故选C。
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
What do work relationships, personal relationships and diplomacy have in common First, they best function when based on purely positive energy.
I developed a more remarkable ability to relate to the people in my life after taking multiple courses from an organization. The organization offers advice far more than anything I've ever experienced. As an example of the benefits of their teachings, my decade conflict with my mom has turned into loving relationship. This turnaround was critical since she is now in her late 70s. This renewed love was worth my investment in training or the organization. Had I continued down my former path, I believe my life today would be one of suffering.
They teach never to criticize, condemn, or complain. I have applied these principles to great success in all my relationships. And the rewards have been astounding, beyond my imagination. But in my role of management at work, I need to learn how to combine authority with positivity.
Recently, however, I found a solution. In other words, I discovered the secret to maintaining authority in the workplace while maintaining pure positivity. For the most part, I found it in Napoleon Hill's HowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople. I found many of the same principles taught by the organization, but the guidelines were less optimistic in Hill's book. For instance, Napoleon Hill's advice on criticizing without offending suggests we start by mentioning the positives about the person and then follow up with criticism.
But, of course, the organization advises against all complaints and I've concluded that work relationships, too, shouldn't have any criticisms. Instead, work relationships should focus on another of Napoleon Hill's strategies: focusing only on the positives while using suggestions instead of criticism. In other words, say, "That looks great. Do you think this addition might make it even better " instead of "Here's what that is lacking."
53．Why did the author take several courses from an organization
A．To mainly learn management skills.
B．To enrich his technological knowledge.
C．To deal with relationships in a positive way.
D．To become more sociable as a successful diplomat.
54．What did the author think of the change of his relationship with his mother
A．It did not come as a surprise.
B．It had little to do with the courses.
C．It was the result of his mother's great efforts.
D．It was very important considering her old age.
55．What does the underlined word "astounding" in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Satisfactory. B．Unexpected. C．Unsurprising. D．Imaginary.
56．Why did the author give the example at the end of the text
A．To show how powerful criticism is.
B．To suggest replacing complaints with criticism.
C．To show how to use suggestions instead of criticism.
D．To advise readers to combine suggestions with criticism.
【答案】53．C
54．D
55．B
56．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过参加一个组织的多个课程，人际交往能力得到了显著提升，由此，作者也意识到了建议比批评更能促进人际关系，并提出了有效提出建议的方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和词义猜测题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思。
53．细节题。根据第二段中的“I developed a more remarkable ability to relate to the people in my life after taking multiple courses from an organization在参加了组织的多个课程后，我培养了一种与生活中的人相处的更出色的能力”，可知作者参加了组织的多个课程后，在人际交往方面的能力得到了显著提高，故选C。
54．细节题。根据第二段中的“This turnaround was critical since she is now in her late 70s这一转变至关重要，因为她现在已经快70岁了”，可知作者认为考虑到母亲70多岁的高龄，这次母子关系的转变是非常重要的，故选D。
55．词义猜测题。分析句子，可知划线词后的beyond my imagination与划线词astounding应是同义，beyond my imagination意“超乎想象”，故选B。
56．细节题。根据最后一段中的“in other words换句话说”，可知其前的句子和其后所给的例子是互为解释说明的关系，所以，通过in other words前的句子中的“using suggestions instead of criticism用建议代替批评”解释了段尾所给的例子，故选C。
C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The human brain is the most complex and poorly understood biological structure known to man. Our human brain is relatively large for our body size and wrinkled in comparison to other animals' brains. Across species, brain size and wrinkle number is related to intelligence.
University of Copenhagen researchers have made an incredible discovery seeking to learn more about the mammalian(哺乳动物的) brain. A vital enzyme, a special material, allows brain signals to be transmitted or transported. The enzyme is randomly turning on and off, even taking hours-long "breaks from work." These discoveries could have a significant impact on our understanding of the brain and the development of medicines. The discovery is featured on the cover of Nature.
Millions of neurons(神经元) are constantly communicating with one another, shaping thoughts and memories and allowing us to move our bodies at will. Neurotransmitters are transported from one neuron to another by a unique enzyme when two neurons meet to exchange a message.
This process is necessary for neuronal communication as well as the survival of all complex organisms(extremely small living things). Until now, researchers all over the world assumed that these enzymes were constantly active, transmitting vital signals. However, this is not the case.
It is almost impossible to understand that the extremely critical process of loading neurotransmitters in containers is carried out by only one cell per container. Especially when we find that 40% of the time these cells are switched off.
Using a new method, researchers from the Department of Chemistry at the University of Copenhagen closely examined the enzyme and discovered that its activity switches on and off at random periods of time, contradicting our previous understanding.
"Contrary to popular belief, and unlike many other proteins, these enzymes could stop working for minutes to hours. Still, the brains of humans and other mammals are miraculously able to function," says Professor Dimitrios Stamou, who led the study from the research center at the University of Copenhagen's Department of Chemistry.
57．What is implied in the second paragraph
A．The enzyme is continuously turning on and off.
B．Enzyme does not affect the transmission of brain signals.
C．No enzyme has been found in the mammalian brain so far.
D．Scientists used to think the special enzyme does not take a break.
58．How could we move our bodies as we like
A．The communication between neurons happens without stop.
B．We shape our thoughts though we may not have good memories.
C．The newly found unique enzyme is at the most time switched off.
D．Neurotransmitters transport a unique enzyme from one neuron to another.
59．Why do the scientists think the discovery unbelievable
A．There is enzyme in mammalian brains.
B．Mammalian brains function as human's.
C．One cell can have such an important function.
D．40% of the critical cells are actually switched off.
60．What can be the best title for the passage
A．A Surprising Significant Finding about Mammalian Brains
B．A Very Important Research Led by Professor Dimittrios Stamou
C．Researches on Brains of Animals Being Carried out By Scientists
D．A Completely New Method Employed by the Department of Chemistry
【答案】57．D
58．A
59．C
60．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了研究团队对于此次以人类为首的哺乳动物的大脑认知的重大发现。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
57．推断题。根据第二段中的“an incredible discovery令人难以置信的发现”和“The enzyme is randomly turning on and off, even taking hours-long‘breaks from work’这种酶是随机打开和关闭的，甚至需要几个小时的‘休息时间’”，可知这个重大的发现是这种酶是随机打开和关闭的，这作为此次的重大发现，应该是与之前科学家的看法是不相符的，故选D。
58．细节题。根据第三段中的“Millions of neurons(神经元) are constantly communicating with one another, shaping thoughts and memories and allowing us to move our bodies at will数以百万计的神经元不断地相互交流，形成思想和记忆，并允许我们随意移动我们的身体”，可知我们能够随意移动身体是因为我们体内的神经元在进行不间断的交流，故选A。
59．细节题。根据第五段第一句话“It is almost impossible to understand that the extremely critical process of loading neurotransmitters in containers is carried out by only one cell per container几乎不可能理解在容器中装载神经递质的极其关键的过程是由每个容器中只有一个细胞执行的”，可知科学家认为这个理论不可信的原因是他们认为一个细胞是无法承担起这么重的责任的，故选C。
60．主旨题。通读全文，可知整篇文章都是在阐述研究团队的这次对于以人类为首的哺乳动物的大脑认知的重大发现，所以文章的标题应该是“关于哺乳动物大脑的一个惊人的重大发现”，故选A。
D
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
TheVoiceMagazine recently had a chance to chat with Miss Patel, a 21-year-old university student currently living in Edmonton, Alberta. "Honestly, I am not happy with Edmonton because it's too dead. No one socializes. Everybody likes to stay as it is. Personally, I haven't found one person who likes to grow in their life. People in Edmonton seem to settle for whatever they get."
When asked how she best studies, Miss Patel stated, "I was a kid who always took studies for granted. Till one day I realized it's the most important thing. What keeps me motivated is my goal and the promises I have made to myself. I am completely focused on my career and studies, because believe it or not, hanging out with friends is a distraction.
And her advice for new students "Online universities and studies can be very overwhelming. You know, there is too much stuff out there. You may miss out on 90 percent of stuff you really need. But join online groups, call the student center and ask tons of questions. Go through every detail provided in the course. Make a schedule by what time you will finish the course."
When not studying, Miss Patel is interested in "spirituality–gaining knowledge of nature, how to be the best version of yourself." She continued, "I hit the gym quite often as well."
When asked which famous person she would like to have lunch with and why, Miss Patel did not have any famous person in mind. She explained, "The respectful famous leads today were once a common man or woman. I would in fact love to just go on a special elite(精英) lunch with myself. I sit with myself and feel every emotion, making a list of my flaws and my positive characteristics. That way I am just getting a step forward of being a better human being. And who knows my betterment can lead me into being famous just like others!"
61．What can we infer about Miss Patel from the first paragraph
A．She is honest and brave. B．She is intelligent and proud.
C．She is outgoing and active. D．She is unconfident and content.
62．Why does Miss Patel have the motivation in her studies
A．She takes studies for granted.
B．She has an aim and commitment.
C．She hangs around with her friends.
D．She settles for whatever she can get.
63．Why may an online learner miss most of the things
A．There are too many groups to join.
B．The learner has to ask tons of questions.
C．It is difficult to make a schedule of the course.
D．The information online is too much to deal with.
64．Why would Miss Patel have lunch with herself rather than a famous person
A．She regard herself as a famous person.
B．Famous leads are common men or women.
C．She can reflect on herself and make improvement.
D．She can list the flaws and positive part of famous people.
【答案】61．C
62．B
63．D
64．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Miss Patel，一名21岁的大学生对于她的生活地、学习以及线上学习等方面的观点和看法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
61．推断题。根据第一段中的“I am not happy with Edmonton because it's too dead. 我对埃德蒙顿不满意，因为那里太死气沉沉了”，可知作者不是这样“死气沉沉”的人，结合选项，应是外向的，活跃的，故选C。
62．细节题。根据第二段中的“What keeps me motivated is my goal and the promises I have made to myself让我保持动力的是我的目标和我对自己的承诺”，可知作者学习有动力的原因是作者有目标和承诺，故选B。
63．细节题。根据第三段中的“there is too much stuff out there. You may miss out on 90 percent of stuff you really need外面的东西太多了。你可能会错过90%你真正需要的东西”，可知线上学习错过大部分知识的原因是能够转移学习者注意力的东西太多，故选D。
64．细节题。根据最后一段中的“ I sit with myself and feel every emotion, making a list of my flaws and my positive characteristics我和自己坐在一起，感受每一种情绪，列出自己的缺点和积极的特点”，可知作者喜欢独自一人而不是和名人一起吃午饭的原因是独自吃饭能让作者有自我反思和提高的时间和机会，故选C。
六、书面表达
65．你校一年一度的外语节即将来临，学校预计在11月15号举办英语脱口秀比赛。你受学生会委托用英语代写一则通知，内容包括：
1）比赛的目的；2）比赛的具体安排；3）报名方式和截止日期。
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：stand-up comedy脱口秀
Notice
【答案】Notice
With the annual Foreign Languages Festival approaching, an English stand-up comedy contest organized by our school is scheduled to be held on Oct. 15th, aimed at improving students' spoken English and bringing laughter to our campus. The contest will be held in the school hall, where each contestant is required to put on a 5-minute comedic performance. If you are interested, please sign up on the school website before this Sunday. A form is expected to be filled with your basic information needed.
It's a precious platform to deliver your unique sense of humor. You are sure to have tremendous fun in the process. So don't be e to join in it!
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生代学生会写一则通知 。写作背景： 你校一年一度的外语节即将来临，学校预计在11月15号举办英语脱口秀比赛。 写作要点已经给，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）比赛的目的；2）比赛的具体安排；3）报名方式和截止日期。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：With the annual Foreign Languages Festival approaching, an English stand-up comedy contest organized by our school is scheduled to be held on Oct. 15th, aimed at improving students' spoken English and bringing laughter to our campus. 运用了with的复合结构，被动语态；The contest will be held in the school hall, where each contestant is required to put on a 5-minute comedic performance. 运用了非限制性定语从句；If you are interested, please sign up on the school website before this Sunday. 运用了条件状语从句，祈使句；It's a precious platform to deliver your unique sense of humor. 运用了it作形式主语；So don't be hesitant.运用了祈使句。
基础达标
能力提升
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上外版必修一Unit3单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A book club can be a good way to develop an　1． 　 (appreciate) of reading and new friendships, or it can be a big fat fail. The direction it takes really depends on how it 　2． 　 (manage).
Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is　3． 　(simple) the socials, think about forming a group to do social activities together.
Book club expert Davina Morgan-Witts conducted a survey of thousands of book club members. In that survey, 81 percent marked themselves as "very　4． 　(delight)" and they generally discussed the book for 75 minutes or longer.
　5． 　(compare) with them, just 55 percent of people in the group talking for 20 minutes or less 　6． 　(choose) the description of being happy.
"That's not to say social time is unimportant but it's secondary. It's because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions 　7． 　 the friendship forms, " Morgan-Witts explains. If you're eager 　8． 　 (discuss) books without all of the small talk, she suggests applying 　9． 　 membership of a public library group. "I was in one and it seemed 　10． 　whole purpose of it was to get together to talk about books, " recalls Morgan-Witts.
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
短语填空
cut out, make up one's mind, be composed of, take action, lose weight, shave off, stick to, take up
11．　 　 your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter what happens.
12．Playing games not only 　 　our valuable time, but also does great harm to our health.
13．The town is without electricity and the water supply has been 　 　due to the earthquake.
14．I'm looking for a birthday present for my daughter, but I haven't 　 　.
15．The character "王" 　 　one vertical stroke and three horizontal strokes.
16．It might be a good idea to 　 　your beard before going to Beijing for the interview.
17．We must 　 　to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas.
18．As I have taken these two simple steps to exercise, I started to 　 　.
三、翻译
19．得知你要访问一个中国家庭，我十分高兴。对你来说，了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪非常必要。
I'm very delighted to know that you're going to visit a Chinese family. 　 　 something about Chinese table manners.
20．The hotel has a beautiful environment and a　 　(家庭氛围). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
21．他把论文放在一个空白信封里。
He placed the paper　 　　 　　 　　 　.
22．No one is allowed to speak loudly 　 　.
在阅览室不允许大声喧哗。（用动词-ing形式完成句子）
23．这个画廊有一种独特的氛围，让我们充分领略了油画的魅力。
The 　 　 created a unique 　 　 where we appreciated the 　 　 of oil painting to the fullest.
24．What you said just now doesn't 　 　(讲得通).
25．As is often the case, life 　 　(由……组成) happinesses and sorrows.
26．He was admitted to a key university. 　 　(难怪) he was so thrilled.
27．Unfortunately, my car 　 　(出故障) on the way.
28．他的写作风格对年轻作者产生巨大影响。 (have an influence on) (汉译英)
四、完形填空
I work as a waiter at a restaurant. Last night an elderly and seemingly 29． couple came into the restaurant and my co workers eated them. We usually 30． our own tables. At one point the elderly couple signaled to me that they were ready to 31． . I was super busy so I found myself a bit 32． , but out of politeness I went to them and 33． their order.
The 34． began ordering and started stammering (口吃)to an extent I'd never heard before. It was very 35． that he had a speech disorder. I could 36． the wife had told her husband a great range of things that she wanted, as a way for him to 37． ordering. It took a while for him to order, and in the meantime, she looked so proud and content 38． her husband's severe stammering.
Honestly the whole thing just brought me to 39． . It was touching and just made merealize that a huge part of 40． is acceptance, tolerance and support. She could have made the order and made things a lot 41． for her husband and 42． the stares from other tables, but she didn't. 43． she supported him and was proud to see him complete the order. I 44． took their gesture of wanting to order as being rude, but I think they 45． it because he really wanted to get the order right.
This whole thing also reminded me that life is 46． for all of us. I assumed this wealthy couple had everything going for them, but it just 47． me that all of us have our problems. Anyway, as long as we hold a positive attitude towards life, things will 48． well.
29．A．anxious B．troublesome C．wealthy D．talkative
30．A．take careof B．take part in
C．take possession of D．take interest in
31．A．eat B．order C．pay D．leave
32．A．helpful B．lucky C．awkward D．unwilling
33．A．refused B．took C．delivered D．received
34．A．waiter B．manager C．wife D．husband
35．A．common B．ridiculous C．apparent D．annoying
36．A．tell B．agree C．prove D．accept
37．A．allow B．suggest C．practice D．enjoy
38．A．becauseof B．in spite of C．in additionto D．as well as
39．A．anger B．laughter C．confusion D．tears
40．A．life B．career C．love D．kindness
41．A．cheaper B．earlier C．easier D．slower
42．A．avoided B．ignored C．returned D．respected
43．A．Luckily B．Instead C．Therefore D．Otherwise
44．A．initially B．deliberately C．eventually D．frequently
45．A．permitted B．regretted C．signaled D．admitted
46．A．worthwhile B．meaningless C．rewarding D．challenging
47．A．reminded B．inspired C．disappointed D．promised
48．A．actout B．work out C．break out D．pull out
五、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, strangely, had not troubled anyone before: he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature-that is what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes，think of the classic cone（圆锥体）shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which were created when erupting magma（岩浆）piled up. These can form remarkably quickly. One day in 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are someten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however, a second less known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole， the caldera（火山口）. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type，but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up（放大的照片）for one of the visitors＇ centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park-2. 2 million acres-was a caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across-much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
49．What does the underlined word "its" in paragraph 1 refer to
A．The ground. B．The nature. C．The volcano. D．The park.
50．Why was there smoke rising from the Mexican farmer's land
A．A single big crack was forming there.
B．Someone was burning stalks there.
C．A volcano was erupting underneath.
D．There were some hot springs there.
51．How did Bob Christiansen discover the park's volcano
A．By looking at the photographs.
B．By analyzing its steamy features.
C．By researching historical documents.
D．By using some advanced equipment.
52．What can we infer about Yellowstone
A．Its level is much higher than the surrounding areas.
B．The volcano in it involved mountain building.
C．It is a large hole left by the explosion.
D．Its shape is much like a cone.
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
What do work relationships, personal relationships and diplomacy have in common First, they best function when based on purely positive energy.
I developed a more remarkable ability to relate to the people in my life after taking multiple courses from an organization. The organization offers advice far more than anything I've ever experienced. As an example of the benefits of their teachings, my decade conflict with my mom has turned into loving relationship. This turnaround was critical since she is now in her late 70s. This renewed love was worth my investment in training or the organization. Had I continued down my former path, I believe my life today would be one of suffering.
They teach never to criticize, condemn, or complain. I have applied these principles to great success in all my relationships. And the rewards have been astounding, beyond my imagination. But in my role of management at work, I need to learn how to combine authority with positivity.
Recently, however, I found a solution. In other words, I discovered the secret to maintaining authority in the workplace while maintaining pure positivity. For the most part, I found it in Napoleon Hill's HowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople. I found many of the same principles taught by the organization, but the guidelines were less optimistic in Hill's book. For instance, Napoleon Hill's advice on criticizing without offending suggests we start by mentioning the positives about the person and then follow up with criticism.
But, of course, the organization advises against all complaints and I've concluded that work relationships, too, shouldn't have any criticisms. Instead, work relationships should focus on another of Napoleon Hill's strategies: focusing only on the positives while using suggestions instead of criticism. In other words, say, "That looks great. Do you think this addition might make it even better " instead of "Here's what that is lacking."
53．Why did the author take several courses from an organization
A．To mainly learn management skills.
B．To enrich his technological knowledge.
C．To deal with relationships in a positive way.
D．To become more sociable as a successful diplomat.
54．What did the author think of the change of his relationship with his mother
A．It did not come as a surprise.
B．It had little to do with the courses.
C．It was the result of his mother's great efforts.
D．It was very important considering her old age.
55．What does the underlined word "astounding" in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Satisfactory. B．Unexpected. C．Unsurprising. D．Imaginary.
56．Why did the author give the example at the end of the text
A．To show how powerful criticism is.
B．To suggest replacing complaints with criticism.
C．To show how to use suggestions instead of criticism.
D．To advise readers to combine suggestions with criticism.
C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The human brain is the most complex and poorly understood biological structure known to man. Our human brain is relatively large for our body size and wrinkled in comparison to other animals' brains. Across species, brain size and wrinkle number is related to intelligence.
University of Copenhagen researchers have made an incredible discovery seeking to learn more about the mammalian(哺乳动物的) brain. A vital enzyme, a special material, allows brain signals to be transmitted or transported. The enzyme is randomly turning on and off, even taking hours-long "breaks from work." These discoveries could have a significant impact on our understanding of the brain and the development of medicines. The discovery is featured on the cover of Nature.
Millions of neurons(神经元) are constantly communicating with one another, shaping thoughts and memories and allowing us to move our bodies at will. Neurotransmitters are transported from one neuron to another by a unique enzyme when two neurons meet to exchange a message.
This process is necessary for neuronal communication as well as the survival of all complex organisms(extremely small living things). Until now, researchers all over the world assumed that these enzymes were constantly active, transmitting vital signals. However, this is not the case.
It is almost impossible to understand that the extremely critical process of loading neurotransmitters in containers is carried out by only one cell per container. Especially when we find that 40% of the time these cells are switched off.
Using a new method, researchers from the Department of Chemistry at the University of Copenhagen closely examined the enzyme and discovered that its activity switches on and off at random periods of time, contradicting our previous understanding.
"Contrary to popular belief, and unlike many other proteins, these enzymes could stop working for minutes to hours. Still, the brains of humans and other mammals are miraculously able to function," says Professor Dimitrios Stamou, who led the study from the research center at the University of Copenhagen's Department of Chemistry.
57．What is implied in the second paragraph
A．The enzyme is continuously turning on and off.
B．Enzyme does not affect the transmission of brain signals.
C．No enzyme has been found in the mammalian brain so far.
D．Scientists used to think the special enzyme does not take a break.
58．How could we move our bodies as we like
A．The communication between neurons happens without stop.
B．We shape our thoughts though we may not have good memories.
C．The newly found unique enzyme is at the most time switched off.
D．Neurotransmitters transport a unique enzyme from one neuron to another.
59．Why do the scientists think the discovery unbelievable
A．There is enzyme in mammalian brains.
B．Mammalian brains function as human's.
C．One cell can have such an important function.
D．40% of the critical cells are actually switched off.
60．What can be the best title for the passage
A．A Surprising Significant Finding about Mammalian Brains
B．A Very Important Research Led by Professor Dimittrios Stamou
C．Researches on Brains of Animals Being Carried out By Scientists
D．A Completely New Method Employed by the Department of Chemistry
D
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
TheVoiceMagazine recently had a chance to chat with Miss Patel, a 21-year-old university student currently living in Edmonton, Alberta. "Honestly, I am not happy with Edmonton because it's too dead. No one socializes. Everybody likes to stay as it is. Personally, I haven't found one person who likes to grow in their life. People in Edmonton seem to settle for whatever they get."
When asked how she best studies, Miss Patel stated, "I was a kid who always took studies for granted. Till one day I realized it's the most important thing. What keeps me motivated is my goal and the promises I have made to myself. I am completely focused on my career and studies, because believe it or not, hanging out with friends is a distraction.
And her advice for new students "Online universities and studies can be very overwhelming. You know, there is too much stuff out there. You may miss out on 90 percent of stuff you really need. But join online groups, call the student center and ask tons of questions. Go through every detail provided in the course. Make a schedule by what time you will finish the course."
When not studying, Miss Patel is interested in "spirituality–gaining knowledge of nature, how to be the best version of yourself." She continued, "I hit the gym quite often as well."
When asked which famous person she would like to have lunch with and why, Miss Patel did not have any famous person in mind. She explained, "The respectful famous leads today were once a common man or woman. I would in fact love to just go on a special elite(精英) lunch with myself. I sit with myself and feel every emotion, making a list of my flaws and my positive characteristics. That way I am just getting a step forward of being a better human being. And who knows my betterment can lead me into being famous just like others!"
61．What can we infer about Miss Patel from the first paragraph
A．She is honest and brave. B．She is intelligent and proud.
C．She is outgoing and active. D．She is unconfident and content.
62．Why does Miss Patel have the motivation in her studies
A．She takes studies for granted.
B．She has an aim and commitment.
C．She hangs around with her friends.
D．She settles for whatever she can get.
63．Why may an online learner miss most of the things
A．There are too many groups to join.
B．The learner has to ask tons of questions.
C．It is difficult to make a schedule of the course.
D．The information online is too much to deal with.
64．Why would Miss Patel have lunch with herself rather than a famous person
A．She regard herself as a famous person.
B．Famous leads are common men or women.
C．She can reflect on herself and make improvement.
D．She can list the flaws and positive part of famous people.
六、书面表达
65．你校一年一度的外语节即将来临，学校预计在11月15号举办英语脱口秀比赛。你受学生会委托用英语代写一则通知，内容包括：
1）比赛的目的；2）比赛的具体安排；3）报名方式和截止日期。
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：stand-up comedy脱口秀
Notice
基础达标
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)