中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
上外必修一Unit4单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
Texting or Talking
The telephone was an amazing invention. People could finally speak to each other instantly from one home to 1． . The mobile phone took this technology further, meaning we 2． make contact with people to and from almost anywhere in the world. But 3． having the instant ability to talk to one another, it seems many of us prefer to communicate by text.
I don't mean we have taken up letter writing again. Although a handwritten letter has a personal touch, sending it by snail mail is too slow to satisfy our desire 4． (keep) in touch immediately. But 5． our smartphones now allow us to do is enabling us to communicate in any number of quick, cheap but silent ways. A study in the UK a few years ago found49 percent of teenagers preferred to send a text rather than speak to someone.
Certainly sending an SMS, text or message via a chat app means we can compose what we want to say, and we can be 6． (efficient) in saying it-especially if we express ourselves by using emojis. It can also be quicker than having to chat with someone, although I feel you can still end up 7． (waste) time by having a full discussion by text. Text messaging also allows privacy other people can't overhear your text 8． you're in a public place such as on a train.
But texting instead of talking can seem antisocial; we may even forget the art of pleasantries. A text can 9． (misinterpret) too because you miss out on-a speaker's intonation (语调). Neuroscientist Professor Sophie Scott noted, "We always speak with melody and intonation to our voice... you take that channel of information out of communication, you lose another way 10． sense is being conveyed."
Of course texting and talking is the worst thing to do. Who deserves your attention when two people are communicating with you It's then we have to decide who has the most interesting thing to say.
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
after all, in response to, decide on, lead to, rely on, replace with, grow up, prevent... from, straight away, take steps
11．Millions of people gave freely the appeal from the victims of the earthquake.
12．Now that you have graduated from college, you should not your parents any more.
13．When you see someone choked, you must give him first aid .
14．After graduating from university last year, my sister a career in publishing.
15．Only by facing and overcoming difficulties in our life can we happily and healthily.
16．She is not content with her present situation and wishes to to improve it.
17．You should learn to respect others. no one likes being looked down upon.
18．I wish that sports day could be abandoned and some other less competitive events.
19．The father is trying his best to his son abandoning himself to the Internet.
20．As we all know, lack of exercise can feelings of depression and exhaustion.
三、翻译
21．My hobbies are .
我的业余爱好是唱歌跳舞。（用动词-ing形式完成句子）
22．After completing it, please return the form to us (在提供的信封内). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
23．He was rejected (因为缺乏) working experience.
24．Our oceans are full of plastic waste, and animals and birds end up swallowing the plastic and dying as a result. (英译汉)
25．欢笑是最好的良药。(汉译英)
26．过去的一小时里我一直在等他。 (have been doing)(汉译英)
27．Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern. (英译汉)
28．那人承认目击了事故。(witness)
The man admitted .
29．他接受教育的学院叫做德勒斯顿艺术学院。(educate)
The college is called the Dresden Art Academy.
30．人们相信参加志愿活动非常有意义。(participate in)
It volunteer activities is very meaningful.
四、完形填空
My daughter Beth bought me two beautifully carved wooden butterflies for my 56th birthday. I hung them in 31． places on my walls. Each time Isee them, my mind 32． back to those unforgettable days.
My mom passed away when I was only 25. Beth had 33． memories of her grandma since she was only 3-year-old. I tried to 34． it by telling her stories of Grandma. Each time Idid, I could see there was a little 35． in her eyes. One day when she was about seven, we were playing outside. Beth 36． said how much she missed not having Grandma around. I was 37． and told her, "Grandma loves you very much. Maybe she's now on a 38． to come down to see us. "At that very moment, a butterfly appeared, 39． around Beth's face and then flew away. We both laughed with our hearts 40． of love and joy.
Since that moment, both Beth and I seem to 41． butterflies like flowers. Whenever we are outside, they may fly around us, take a good 42． , and then fly away. Each time it 43． us of my mom's love. During the coldest months when there are no 44． of any kind, I can admire the two wooden butterflies!We all need reminders that we are 45． in this life. Perhaps the best way to remember, though, is to be a reminder of love yourself.
31．A．empty B．noticeable C．public D．meeting
32．A．pays B．holds C．goes D．dates
33．A．misty B．long C．good D．shary
34．A．pull through B．make up for C．put up with D．stand up for
35．A．moyemenl B．hope C．light D．sadness
36．A．gradually B．rudely C．suddenly D．naturally
37．A．surprised B．amused C．confused D．depressed
38．A．deer B．bird C．taxi D．butterfly
39．A．ran B．circled C．wenl D．hung
40．A．full B．guilty C．worthy D．proud
41．A．shoot B．hunt C．attract D．protect
42．A．bite B．look C．rest D．photo
43．A．warns B．cures C．accuses D．reminds
44．A．insects B．flowers C．signs D．ideas
45．A．involved B．interested C．loved D．trapped
五、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
It scarcely seems surprising that learning to underline a modal verb, such as "can", and "may", does little to help students use them effectively in their own writing. These words are anyway grasped by tiny children without the need to know what they are called. This may tempt the conclusion that the teaching of grammar should be shelved altogether. But there are reasons to reform it rather than throw it away.
Understanding of language is part of a wider education in what makes human beings human. How concepts are turned into sounds, and how those sounds combine to form commands or questions, are issues that have occupied many language experts. What they reveal about the mind has exercised psychologists and cognitive scientists.
There are practical reasons to ask children to work hard at grammar, too. One is that a knowledge of it will make learning a foreign language easier. Even if you did know by nature how to make clauses in your native languages as a child — just without instruction — getting to grips with them in German or Russian in later years is simpler if you know how to define and spot them. As it is, many English-speakers come to understand grammar by studying a foreign language, rather than the other way round.
For grammarians keen on future jobs, the natural-language processing field is booming. After many years of poor results, technological wizards have developed programs for automated translation, speech recognition and other services that are actually usable, if far from perfect. These tools may rely more on knowledge of artificial intelligence than of the subjunctive, but linguistic expertise still matters, and may give beginners an edge over competitors whose best language is Python (一种编程语言).
Grammar could still be taught better. One small study showed improvement in some students when concepts are linked concretely to writing tasks. A cook does not need to know chemistry to make a delicious soup. But the science of how words combine to make meaning is fascinating and fundamental.
46．Why do some people consider stopping teaching grammar
A．It's unnecessary for kids to grasp modal verbs.
B．Teachers' teaching methods are far from satisfactory.
C．Drawing lines under words fails to be effective in learning.
D．Grammar Learning doesn't bring obvious effect to writing.
47．When it comes to future jobs, grammarians believe _______.
A．a good command of Python is enough for programmers
B．the field of artificial technology still shows great promise
C．being expert in language means advantages in competition
D．computer geniuses will invent perfect tools to process language
48．What is the author's attitude towards grammar teaching
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Skeptical.
49．What's the main idea of this passage
A．Grammar teaching shouldn't be stopped but reformed.
B．Scientific study of human beings benefits from grammar.
C．Grammar helps children to learn foreign languages better.
D．There's much room for improvement in grammar research.
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue. Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.
As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories, on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.
Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.
50．The underlined expression "stomach it" in Paragraph 1 most probably means "______".
A．digest the meal easily
B．manage without breakfast
D. eat whatever is offered
C．decide wisely what to eat
51．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A．They had slow metabolic rates.
B．They could walk at an average speed.
C．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
D．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
52．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A．They successfully lost weight.
B．They burned more fat on average.
C．They consumed a bit more calories.
D．They displayed higher insulin levels.
53．What could be learned from the research
A．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
B．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
C．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
D．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Anton was thrilled about his new job as an intern for his favorite director, Selma Honor. Seeing her documentary about race-car drivers had convinced Anton that he wanted to be a filmmaker. When he found out that she was filming a documentary about the local basketball team, he wrote her a letter offering his help. Getting the call from Selma's assistant had been the thrill of a lifetime.
Being on the set turned out to be quite different from what Anton had expected. He had imagined he would be standing behind Selma, watching her make crucial decisions during filming. Instead, the assistant director, Joe, had given Anton a box of index cards to place in alphabetical order, which is what Anton was doing in the gym when Selma arrived. She looked around quickly and said, "What's that kid doing in the shot Get him out of here."
Joe hurried over and told Anton to finish his work in the hallway.
Anton sat on the hallway floor, carefully sorting the index cards while listening to the crew setting up for the big game that night. He heard Selma and Joe arguing, and then Joe came slamming through the gym doors. "She wants symbolism in a high school gym," he muttered angrily, "as if being a teenager weren't symbolic enough!"
Anton asked what Joe meant, and Joe explained that Selma was looking for a way to give the game a symbolic boost about choosing sides. Joe's bright red shirt gave Anton an idea.
Four hours later, the crowd was divided into two halves. All of the fans for the home team wore red shirts; all of the fans for the away team wore gray shirts. Selma smiled as she started to film, noting that Anton's idea really did add an additional competitive element to the game. She winked at Anton. He trailed behind her— once again certain that he had the best job in the world.
54．What do Selma's actions tell you about her
A．She is demanding about her film shooting.
B．She always treats her team with impatience.
C．She is unwilling to listen to other people's ideas.
D．She makes all of her decisions before filming begins.
55．What do we know about Joe
A．He looked down upon Anton.
B．He inspired Anton by accident.
C．He disliked working with Selma.
D．He disapproved of applying symbolism.
56．How can Anton be described
A．Strong and pushy. B．Honest and loyal.
C．Competitive and choosy. D．Creative and determined.
57．Which is one theme of the passage
A．Ambition can get you in trouble.
B．Disappointment is usually temporary.
C．Creativity can make bad situations worse.
D．All movies should have some symbolism.
D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If you've logged on to any social media app this week, you've probably seen pictures of your friends, but they are re-imagined as fairy princesses, handsome princes, and charming characters. It is all because of Lensa, an app which uses artificial intelligence to present digital portraits based on photos users submit.
Lensa recommends users submit 10-20 selfies for the best results. The pictures should be close-up of your face with a variety of different backgrounds, facial expressions, and angles. A yearlong subscription to the app, which also provides photo editing services, costs $35.99. But you can use the app for a weeklong free trial if you want to test it out before committing.
To test out the app, I took 20 selfies I thought showed a variety of expressions and angles and submitted. It took around 20 minutes for Lensa to return my portraits, which fell into several categories: fantasy, fairy princess, focus, pop, stylish, light, kawaii, and cosmic. In general, I felt like the app did a decent job producing artistic images based on my selfies.
Other users have documented unfavorable experiences which come from their Lensa images. Aubrey Gordon, a writer and fat rights activist, wrote on her Instagram the app produced images which made her look much thinner than she actually is. "Lensa is really working overtime to make AI me into a thin person," she wrote in the caption.
Several of the artists expressed concern the apps could also threaten their livelihoods. Digital artists cannot compete with the low prices and fast turnaround artificial intelligence enables for a digital portrait, they said at the time.
Lensa's owner Prisma has tried to relieve anxiety that digital artists will be robbed of work opportunities owing to the technology. "While both humans and AI learn about artistic styles in semi-similar ways, there are some fundamental differences: AI is capable of rapidly analyzing and learning from large sets of data, but it does not have the same level of attention and appreciation for art as a human being."
58．What can be learned about Lensa
A．It is a tool that stores photos.
B．It is a photo trading platform.
C．It is an app that takes photos.
D．It aims to offer customized photos.
59．What impressed the author most
A．The low price of Lensa.
B．The wide popularity of Lensa.
C．The artistic images Lensa made.
D．The speed at which Lensa makes photos.
60．Why does Aubrey Gordon disapprove of Lensa
A．Because it is time-consuming.
B．Because it is friendly to the thin.
C．Because it presents unrealistic photos.
D．Because it is posing a threat to her job.
61．What does Prisma imply
A．Lensa cannot replace human artists.
B．Lensa will give a hand to digital artists.
C．Lensa needs further improvement.
D．Lensa is good at data analysis.
六、书面表达
62．假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了一次户外徒步活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括:
1）你的所见所闻；
2）对此次活动的感受。
注意:
1）词数 100 左右；
2）题目已为你写好。
A Hiking Activity
基础达标
能力提升
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上外必修一Unit4单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
Texting or Talking
The telephone was an amazing invention. People could finally speak to each other instantly from one home to 1． . The mobile phone took this technology further, meaning we 2． make contact with people to and from almost anywhere in the world. But 3． having the instant ability to talk to one another, it seems many of us prefer to communicate by text.
I don't mean we have taken up letter writing again. Although a handwritten letter has a personal touch, sending it by snail mail is too slow to satisfy our desire 4． (keep) in touch immediately. But 5． our smartphones now allow us to do is enabling us to communicate in any number of quick, cheap but silent ways. A study in the UK a few years ago found49 percent of teenagers preferred to send a text rather than speak to someone.
Certainly sending an SMS, text or message via a chat app means we can compose what we want to say, and we can be 6． (efficient) in saying it-especially if we express ourselves by using emojis. It can also be quicker than having to chat with someone, although I feel you can still end up 7． (waste) time by having a full discussion by text. Text messaging also allows privacy other people can't overhear your text 8． you're in a public place such as on a train.
But texting instead of talking can seem antisocial; we may even forget the art of pleasantries. A text can 9． (misinterpret) too because you miss out on-a speaker's intonation (语调). Neuroscientist Professor Sophie Scott noted, "We always speak with melody and intonation to our voice... you take that channel of information out of communication, you lose another way 10． sense is being conveyed."
Of course texting and talking is the worst thing to do. Who deserves your attention when two people are communicating with you It's then we have to decide who has the most interesting thing to say.
【答案】1．another；2．could；3．despite；4．to keep；5．what；6．more efficient；7．wasting；8．if/ when；9．be misinterpreted；10．that
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过各种论据表明发短信并不是一种很好的交流方式。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及代词，情态动词，介词，非谓语动词，主语从句，形容词，状语从句，语态，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：人们终于可以从一个家到另一个家即时交谈。one...another...。固定短语，“一个......，另一个”，故填 another 。
2．句意：手机使这项技术更进一步，这意味着我们几乎可以与世界上任何地方的人进行联系。could“可以”，情态动词，与 make contact with 构成谓语动词，故填could。
3．句意：但是，我们中的许多人都有即时交谈的能力，似乎更喜欢通过文本进行交流。 despite “尽管”，介词，表示让步，作状语，故填 despite 。
4．句意：虽然手写信有个人的感觉，但通过蜗牛邮件发送太慢，无法满足我们立即保持联系的愿望。此处不定式作定语，故填to keep。
5．句意：但现在我们的智能手机让我们能够做到的是让我们能够以任何数量的快速、廉价但无声的方式进行交流。 our smartphones now allow us to do 是主语从句，从句中缺少do的宾语，应用what，故填what。
6．句意：当然，通过聊天应用程序发送短信、短信或消息意味着我们可以撰写自己想说的内容，而且我们可以高效地表达，特别是当我们使用表情符号表达自己时。此处形容词作表语，结合语境应用比较级，故填 more efficient 。
7．句意：这也可能比与某人聊天更快，尽管我觉得你仍然可以通过文本进行充分讨论来浪费时间。end up doing固定短语，“以....结束”，故填 wasting 。
8．句意：短信还可以保护隐私，其他人不会偷听到你的短信。如果你在公共场所，比如在火车上。 you're in a public place such as on a train 是状语从句，可用when引导时间状语从句，或者if引导的条件状语从句，故填 if/ when 。
9．句意：文本也会被误解，因为你漏掉了说话者的语调(语调). 神经科学家Sophie Scott教授指出，“我们说话时总是用旋律和语调……如果你失去了沟通中的信息渠道，你就会失去另一种传达感觉的方式。此处是谓语动词，与主语 A text 是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填 be misinterpreted 。
10．句意：文本也会被误解，因为你漏掉了说话者的语调(语调). 神经科学家Sophie Scott教授指出，“我们说话时总是用旋律和语调……如果你失去了沟通中的信息渠道，你就会失去另一种传达感觉的方式。 sense is being conveyed 是定语从句，修饰先行词way，应用that引导，故填 that 。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
短语短语填空填空
after all, in response to, decide on, lead to, rely on, replace with, grow up, prevent... from, straight away, take steps
11．Millions of people gave freely the appeal from the victims of the earthquake.
12．Now that you have graduated from college, you should not your parents any more.
13．When you see someone choked, you must give him first aid .
14．After graduating from university last year, my sister a career in publishing.
15．Only by facing and overcoming difficulties in our life can we happily and healthily.
16．She is not content with her present situation and wishes to to improve it.
17．You should learn to respect others. no one likes being looked down upon.
18．I wish that sports day could be abandoned and some other less competitive events.
19．The father is trying his best to his son abandoning himself to the Internet.
20．As we all know, lack of exercise can feelings of depression and exhaustion.
【答案】11．in response to
12．rely on
13．straight away
14．decided on
15．grow up
16．take steps
17．After all
18．replaced with
19．prevent；from
20．lead to
【解析】【分析】after all固定短语，“毕竟”； in response to介词短语，“回应，回复”； decide on动词短语，“选定，决定”； lead to动词短语，“导致”； rely on动词短语，“依靠”； replace with动词短语，“替换为，以.....代替”； grow up动词短语，“成长，长大”； prevent. . . from动词短语，“阻止.....做.....”； straight away固定短语，“立刻，马上”； take steps动词短语，“采取措施”。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
11．句意：数百万人响应地震灾民的呼吁，慷慨解囊。in response to介词短语，“回应，回复”，此处作状语，故填in response to 。
12．句意：既然你大学毕业了，你就不应该再依赖父母了。rely on动词短语，“依靠”，should后接动词原形，故填rely on 。
13．句意：当你看到有人窒息时，你必须立即对他进行急救。straight away固定短语，“立刻，马上”，此处作时间状语，故填straight away 。
14．句意：去年大学毕业后，我姐姐决定从事出版事业。 decide on动词短语，“选定，决定”，此处是谓语动词，结合last year ，可知应用一般过去时，故填 decided on 。
15．句意：只有面对和克服生活中的困难，我们才能快乐健康地成长。grow up动词短语，“成长，长大”，can后接动词原形，故填grow up 。
16．句意：她对自己的现状不满意，希望采取措施加以改善。take steps动词短语，“采取措施”，此处不定式作宾语，故填take steps 。
17．句意：你应该学会尊重别人。毕竟没有人喜欢被人瞧不起。after all固定短语，“毕竟”，此处作插入语，故填After all 。
18．句意：我希望体育日可以被放弃，取而代之的是其他一些竞争性较小的活动。replace with动词短语，“替换为，以.....代替”，wish 后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，根据could可知，应用一般过去时，故填 replaced with 。
19．句意：这位父亲正尽力防止儿子放弃自己上网。 prevent...from动词短语，“阻止.....做.....”,此处不定式作目的状语，故填prevent；from。
20．句意：众所周知，缺乏运动会导致抑郁和疲惫。 lead to动词短语，“导致”，can后接动词原形，故填lead to 。
三、翻译
21．My hobbies are .
我的业余爱好是唱歌跳舞。（用动词-ing形式完成句子）
【答案】singing and dancing
【解析】【分析】根据句意、所给句子及要求可知，此处使用动名词作表语，singing(唱歌)，dancing(跳舞)。故填singing and dancing。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及动名词作表语。
22．After completing it, please return the form to us (在提供的信封内). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】in the provided envelope
【解析】【分析】句意：填写完毕后，请将表格装在提供的信封中退还给我们。"在提供的信封内"用介词短语表达，介词in“在里面”动词provide “提供”和名词envelope“信封”是被动关系，provide用过去分词作定语。故填in the provided envelope。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及介词短语作状语和过去分词作定语。
23．He was rejected (因为缺乏) working experience.
【答案】for lack of
【解析】【分析】句意：他由于缺乏工作经验而被拒决。分析句子可知，此处为介词短语作原因状语，根据汉语提示可知，“因为缺乏”应为for lack of符合句意。故填for lack of。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及介词短语for lack of。
24．Our oceans are full of plastic waste, and animals and birds end up swallowing the plastic and dying as a result. (英译汉)
【答案】我们的海洋充满了塑料垃圾，动物和鸟类最终吞下塑料而死亡。
【解析】【分析】陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，分析句子结构可知，该句子是由and连接的两个简单句构成的，第一个简单句使用短语be full of“充满……”，主语是our oceans"我们的海洋"，are full of plastic waste, and animals表示"充满了塑料垃圾"；第二个简单句的主语是animals and birds"动物和鸟类"，该句子运用的短语是end up doing“以……而告终”，所以end up swallowing the plastic and dying应翻译为"最终吞下塑料而死亡"，as a result是固定短语，意义为"结果……"。故答案为：我们的海洋充满了塑料垃圾，动物和鸟类最终吞下塑料而死亡。
【点评】考查英译汉，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语be full of和end up doing。
25．欢笑是最好的良药。(汉译英)
【答案】Laughter is the best medicine.
【解析】【分析】句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。主语"欢笑"为laughter，为不可数名词，"最好的"为形容词最高级best，作定语，修饰"良药"medicine，best为最高级，前面加定冠词the。故答案为Laughter is the best medicine.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时和形容词最高级。
26．过去的一小时里我一直在等他。 (have been doing)(汉译英)
【答案】I have been waiting for him for the past hour.
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示，"一直在做某事"可以用现在完成进行时have been doing表示；"等候某人"可以用固定短语wait for somebody表示；"过去的一小时里"可以翻译为for the past hour。故答案为I have been waiting for him for the past hour.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在完成进行时和固定短语wait for somebody。
27．Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern. (英译汉)
【答案】虽然物种自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在这种情况发生的速度却令人担忧。
【解析】【分析】分析句子可知，本句中有让步状语从句、定语从句组合的句子。逗号前第一部分的句子是although连接的让步状语从句，从句it是形式主语，真正主语是"to die out naturally"，从句翻译为"虽然物种自然灭绝并不罕见"。逗号后面"the rate"是定语从句前的先行词，也是主句主语，"at which this is now happening"是限制性定语从句，是对rate的修饰。主句部分是"the rate is cause for concern"，主句译为"现在这种情况发生的速度却令人担忧"。故答案为：虽然物种自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在这种情况发生的速度却令人担忧。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及让步状语从句和限制性定语从句。
28．那人承认目击了事故。(witness)
The man admitted .
【答案】witnessing/having witnessed the accident
【解析】【分析】对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语admit doing/having done“承认做过某事”，“目睹”是witness，故“承认目睹”表达为admit witnessing/having witnessed，宾语“事故”表达为accident，此处为特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填witnessing/having witnessed the accident。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及动名词作宾语，以及固定短语admit doing/having done。
29．他接受教育的学院叫做德勒斯顿艺术学院。(educate)
The college is called the Dresden Art Academy.
【答案】where he was educated
【解析】【分析】对比中英文句子，此处应用“他接受教育的”修饰名词college，可处理为定语从句；从句主语是he，谓语动词是educate，主谓之间是被动关系，且陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态；先行词是college，关系词代替它在从句中做地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where he was educated。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及限制性定语从句以及一般过去时的被动语态。
30．人们相信参加志愿活动非常有意义。(participate in)
It volunteer activities is very meaningful.
【答案】is believed that participating in
【解析】【分析】对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“人们相信参加”，“人们相信……”是固定句型It is believed that...，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，“参加”是固定短语participate in，用动名词在that从句中作主语，因此空格处是is believed that participating in。故填is believed that participating in。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态，动名词短语作主语以及固定句型It is believed that...和固定短语participate in。
四、完形填空
My daughter Beth bought me two beautifully carved wooden butterflies for my 56th birthday. I hung them in 31． places on my walls. Each time Isee them, my mind 32． back to those unforgettable days.
My mom passed away when I was only 25. Beth had 33． memories of her grandma since she was only 3-year-old. I tried to 34． it by telling her stories of Grandma. Each time Idid, I could see there was a little 35． in her eyes. One day when she was about seven, we were playing outside. Beth 36． said how much she missed not having Grandma around. I was 37． and told her, "Grandma loves you very much. Maybe she's now on a 38． to come down to see us. "At that very moment, a butterfly appeared, 39． around Beth's face and then flew away. We both laughed with our hearts 40． of love and joy.
Since that moment, both Beth and I seem to 41． butterflies like flowers. Whenever we are outside, they may fly around us, take a good 42． , and then fly away. Each time it 43． us of my mom's love. During the coldest months when there are no 44． of any kind, I can admire the two wooden butterflies!We all need reminders that we are 45． in this life. Perhaps the best way to remember, though, is to be a reminder of love yourself.
31．A．empty B．noticeable C．public D．meeting
32．A．pays B．holds C．goes D．dates
33．A．misty B．long C．good D．shary
34．A．pull through B．make up for C．put up with D．stand up for
35．A．moyemenl B．hope C．light D．sadness
36．A．gradually B．rudely C．suddenly D．naturally
37．A．surprised B．amused C．confused D．depressed
38．A．deer B．bird C．taxi D．butterfly
39．A．ran B．circled C．wenl D．hung
40．A．full B．guilty C．worthy D．proud
41．A．shoot B．hunt C．attract D．protect
42．A．bite B．look C．rest D．photo
43．A．warns B．cures C．accuses D．reminds
44．A．insects B．flowers C．signs D．ideas
45．A．involved B．interested C．loved D．trapped
【答案】31．B；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．D；36．C；37．A；38．D；39．B；40．A；41．C；42．B；43．D；44．A；45．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述了作者觉得女儿缺少了奶奶的爱，因此经常给女儿“弥补”这段缺失的爱，不料女儿对此大为不满；意外之下，作者一个善意的谎言让自己和女儿仿佛感受到了奶奶的爱，由此，作者感受到了挂在家里显眼处的那两个木质蝴蝶可以时刻提醒作者感受到被爱着。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
31．句意：我把它们挂在墙上显眼的地方。A. empty空的；B. noticeable明显的；C. public公共的；D. meeting会面。根据下句中的“Each time I see them每次我见到他们”，可知作者把这两只雕刻精美的木质蝴蝶挂在了“显眼的noticeable”地方，故选B。
32．句意：每次看到它们，我就会回忆起那些难忘的日子。A. pays付款；B. holds持有；C. goes去；D. dates追溯。go back to是固定短语，意“回到……（时候）”，故选C。
33．句意：Beth当时只有3岁大，所以对奶奶的印象是模糊的。A. misty有雾的；B. long长的；C. good好的；D. shary。根据空格后的“since she was only 3-year-old她才3岁”，可知Beth对奶奶的印象很“模糊misty”，故选A。
34．句意：(所以）我就通过和她讲奶奶的故事来弥补。A. pull through度过难关；B. make up for弥补；C. put up with容忍；D. stand up for支持。根据“by telling her stories of Grandma给她讲祖母的故事”，可知作者通过给女儿讲祖母的故事，希望能够“弥补make up for”孩子的这段记忆，故选B。
35．句意：每次跟女儿讲故事，都会看到她的眼里有一丝悲哀。从后文Beth突然表达对奶奶的思念可知。A. moyemenlB. hope希望；C. light光；D. sadness悲伤。根据第6空格后的“how much she missed not having Grandma around她有多想念奶奶不在身边”，可知女儿不太愿意一直听作者讲奶奶的故事，显得“不高兴sadness”，故选D。
36．句意：Beth 突然说，她有多想念奶奶不在身边。A. gradually逐渐地；B. rudely粗鲁地；C. suddenly突然间；D. naturally自然地。上句提到女儿在外面玩，空格后女儿说她有多想念奶奶不在身边，这个行为显得很“突然suddenly”，故选C。
37．句意：我很是意外，就跟她说:“奶奶非常爱你。也许现在她就在蝴蝶的背上，要下来看我们呢!”A. surprised惊讶的；B. amused觉得好笑的；C. confused困惑的；D. depressed压抑的。上句提到女儿在外面玩，空格后女儿说她有多想念奶奶不在身边，这让作者感到“惊讶surprised”不已，故选A。
38．句意：我很是意外，就跟她说:“奶奶非常爱你。也许现在她就在蝴蝶的背上，要下来看我们呢！”从下文出现的butterfly可知。A. deer鹿；B. bird鸟；C. taxi出租车；D. butterfly蝴蝶。根据下句中的“At that very moment, a butterfly appeared就在这时，一只蝴蝶出现了”，可知此处作者提到了奶奶可能坐在“蝴蝶butterfly”背上来看她们，故选D。
39．句意：就在那一刻，一只蝴蝶出现了，围着女儿的脸绕着圈子，不一会儿飞走了。A. ran跑；B. circled转圈；C. went去；D. hung悬挂。根据句意，结合选项，可知此处是蝴蝶“绕着circle”作者的脸转圈，故选B。
40．句意：我俩都笑了，心里充满着爱和快乐。A. full满的；B. guilty愧疚的；C. worthy值得的；D. proud骄傲的。结合下段，可知作者和女儿因为这只蝴蝶的出现而感到温暖和幸福，心里“充满full of”爱和快乐，故选A。
41．句意：从那一刻起，我俩就像花儿一样招蝴蝶。A. shoot射击；B. hunt打猎；C. attract吸引；D. protect保护。花儿“吸引attract”蝴蝶，故选C。
42．句意：每次我俩在外面(玩)，蝴蝶就会围着我们飞，认真看上一看，然后再飞走。A. bite咬；B. look看；C. rest休息；D. photo照片。根据句意，结合选项，蝴蝶在文中象征着奶奶回来看自己的女儿和孙女，所以此处应是蝴蝶围绕着他们，好好地“看着look”他们然后飞走，故选B。
43．句意：(这）每次都会让我（们）想起妈妈（奶奶）的爱。A. warns警告；B. cures治愈；C. accuses控告；D. reminds提醒。每次看到蝴蝶，作者都会“想起remind”妈妈的爱，故选D。
44．句意：(一年中）最冷的几个月里，看不到蝴蝶这种昆虫时，我就欣赏一下（看一看）那两只木蝴蝶。A. insects昆虫；B. flowers花；C. signs迹象；D. ideas想法。最冷的月份里，没有“昆虫insects”，作者就以木质雕刻的蝴蝶提醒自己妈妈的爱，故选A。
45．句意：我们都需要提醒，生命中有人爱着我们。A. involved涉及到；B. interested感兴趣；C. loved爱；D. trapped被困。根据上文，蝴蝶让作者想起来妈妈的“爱love”，由此，作者觉得每个人都需要被提醒有人“爱love”着自己，故选C。
五、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
It scarcely seems surprising that learning to underline a modal verb, such as "can", and "may", does little to help students use them effectively in their own writing. These words are anyway grasped by tiny children without the need to know what they are called. This may tempt the conclusion that the teaching of grammar should be shelved altogether. But there are reasons to reform it rather than throw it away.
Understanding of language is part of a wider education in what makes human beings human. How concepts are turned into sounds, and how those sounds combine to form commands or questions, are issues that have occupied many language experts. What they reveal about the mind has exercised psychologists and cognitive scientists.
There are practical reasons to ask children to work hard at grammar, too. One is that a knowledge of it will make learning a foreign language easier. Even if you did know by nature how to make clauses in your native languages as a child — just without instruction — getting to grips with them in German or Russian in later years is simpler if you know how to define and spot them. As it is, many English-speakers come to understand grammar by studying a foreign language, rather than the other way round.
For grammarians keen on future jobs, the natural-language processing field is booming. After many years of poor results, technological wizards have developed programs for automated translation, speech recognition and other services that are actually usable, if far from perfect. These tools may rely more on knowledge of artificial intelligence than of the subjunctive, but linguistic expertise still matters, and may give beginners an edge over competitors whose best language is Python (一种编程语言).
Grammar could still be taught better. One small study showed improvement in some students when concepts are linked concretely to writing tasks. A cook does not need to know chemistry to make a delicious soup. But the science of how words combine to make meaning is fascinating and fundamental.
46．Why do some people consider stopping teaching grammar
A．It's unnecessary for kids to grasp modal verbs.
B．Teachers' teaching methods are far from satisfactory.
C．Drawing lines under words fails to be effective in learning.
D．Grammar Learning doesn't bring obvious effect to writing.
47．When it comes to future jobs, grammarians believe _______.
A．a good command of Python is enough for programmers
B．the field of artificial technology still shows great promise
C．being expert in language means advantages in competition
D．computer geniuses will invent perfect tools to process language
48．What is the author's attitude towards grammar teaching
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Skeptical.
49．What's the main idea of this passage
A．Grammar teaching shouldn't be stopped but reformed.
B．Scientific study of human beings benefits from grammar.
C．Grammar helps children to learn foreign languages better.
D．There's much room for improvement in grammar research.
【答案】46．D
47．C
48．C
49．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了语法教学不应该停止，而应该改革。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
46．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It scarcely seems surprising that learning to underline a modal verb, such as ‘can’, and ‘may’, does little to help students use them effectively in their own writing. ”学习如何区分诸如“can”和“may”等情态动词对学生在自己的写作中有效地使用它们几乎没有帮助，这似乎并不奇怪，可知，有些人考虑停止教授语法是因为学习语法对写作没有明显的效果，故选D。
47．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“These tools may rely more on knowledge of artificial intelligence than of the subjunctive, but linguistic expertise still matters, and may give beginners an edge over competitors whose best language is Python (一种编程语言).”这些工具可能更多地依赖于人工智能的知识，而不是虚拟语言的知识，但语言专业知识仍然很重要，可能会让语言初学者比那些精通编程语言的竞争对手更有优势。可知，当谈到未来的工作时，语法学家们相信精通语言意味着在竞争中占有优势，故选C。
48．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“But there are reasons to reform it rather than throw it away.”但有理由对其进行改革，而不是将其丢弃；以及最后一段“Grammar could still be taught better. One small study showed improvement in some students when concepts are linked concretely to writing tasks. A cook does not need to know chemistry to make a delicious soup. But the science of how words combine to make meaning is fascinating and fundamental.”语法仍然可以教得更好。一项小型研究表明，当概念与写作任务具体联系起来时，一些学生会有所进步。厨师不需要知道化学才能做出美味的汤。但是，单词如何组合产生意义的科学是迷人的，也是基础性的。推知，作者认为语法教学有一定的弊端，但不应完全抛弃，应进行改革。作者对语法教学持客观态度。故选C。
49．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“This may tempt the conclusion that the teaching of grammar should be shelved altogether. But there are reasons to reform it rather than throw it away.”这可能会得出这样的结论：语法教学应该完全搁置起来。但有理由对其进行改革，而不是将其丢弃。可知，文章主要介绍的是语法教学不应该停止，而应该改革，故选A。
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue. Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.
As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories, on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.
Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.
50．The underlined expression "stomach it" in Paragraph 1 most probably means "______".
A．digest the meal easily
B．manage without breakfast
D. eat whatever is offered
C．decide wisely what to eat
51．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A．They had slow metabolic rates.
B．They could walk at an average speed.
C．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
D．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
52．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A．They successfully lost weight.
B．They burned more fat on average.
C．They consumed a bit more calories.
D．They displayed higher insulin levels.
53．What could be learned from the research
A．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
B．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
C．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
D．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
【答案】50．B
51．D
52．C
53．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项研究，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
50．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first”可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。
51．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.”他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选D。
52．考查细节理解。根据第六段“As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.”结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选C。
53．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.”这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选C。
C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Anton was thrilled about his new job as an intern for his favorite director, Selma Honor. Seeing her documentary about race-car drivers had convinced Anton that he wanted to be a filmmaker. When he found out that she was filming a documentary about the local basketball team, he wrote her a letter offering his help. Getting the call from Selma's assistant had been the thrill of a lifetime.
Being on the set turned out to be quite different from what Anton had expected. He had imagined he would be standing behind Selma, watching her make crucial decisions during filming. Instead, the assistant director, Joe, had given Anton a box of index cards to place in alphabetical order, which is what Anton was doing in the gym when Selma arrived. She looked around quickly and said, "What's that kid doing in the shot Get him out of here."
Joe hurried over and told Anton to finish his work in the hallway.
Anton sat on the hallway floor, carefully sorting the index cards while listening to the crew setting up for the big game that night. He heard Selma and Joe arguing, and then Joe came slamming through the gym doors. "She wants symbolism in a high school gym," he muttered angrily, "as if being a teenager weren't symbolic enough!"
Anton asked what Joe meant, and Joe explained that Selma was looking for a way to give the game a symbolic boost about choosing sides. Joe's bright red shirt gave Anton an idea.
Four hours later, the crowd was divided into two halves. All of the fans for the home team wore red shirts; all of the fans for the away team wore gray shirts. Selma smiled as she started to film, noting that Anton's idea really did add an additional competitive element to the game. She winked at Anton. He trailed behind her— once again certain that he had the best job in the world.
54．What do Selma's actions tell you about her
A．She is demanding about her film shooting.
B．She always treats her team with impatience.
C．She is unwilling to listen to other people's ideas.
D．She makes all of her decisions before filming begins.
55．What do we know about Joe
A．He looked down upon Anton.
B．He inspired Anton by accident.
C．He disliked working with Selma.
D．He disapproved of applying symbolism.
56．How can Anton be described
A．Strong and pushy. B．Honest and loyal.
C．Competitive and choosy. D．Creative and determined.
57．Which is one theme of the passage
A．Ambition can get you in trouble.
B．Disappointment is usually temporary.
C．Creativity can make bad situations worse.
D．All movies should have some symbolism.
【答案】54．A
55．B
56．D
57．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Anton成为他最喜欢的导演Selma Honor的实习生后初到片场工作的情形。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
54．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“She looked around quickly and said, ‘What's that kid doing in the shot Get him out of here.’”(她迅速环顾四周，问道：“镜头里的那个孩子在做什么 把他弄出去。”；以及第四段中的“Anton asked what Joe meant, and Joe explained that Selma was looking for a way to give the game a symbolic boost about choosing sides.” Anton问Joe是什么意思，Joe解释说Selma在寻找一种方法，让比赛在选择阵营方面有象征性的提升。可推断，Selma对她的电影拍摄要求很高。故选A。
55．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Joe's bright red shirt gave Anton an idea.”Joe的亮红色衬衫给了Anton一个主意。可知，Joe意外地启发了安东。故选B。
56．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Joe's bright red shirt gave Anton an idea.” Joe的亮红色衬衫给了Anton一个主意；以及最后一段中的“All of the fans for the home team wore red shirts; all of the fans for the away team wore gray shirts.”所有支持主队的球迷都穿着红色衬衫；所有支持客队的球迷都穿灰色衬衫。可推断，Anton是有创意的；再根据第三段“Joe hurried over and told Anton to finish his work in the hallway” Joe赶紧走过去，让Anton在走廊里完成他的工作；以及最后一段中的“Selma smiled as she started to film, noting that Anton's idea really did add an additional competitive element to the game. She winked at Anton. He trailed behind her”Selma笑着开始拍摄，注意到Anton的想法确实为游戏添加了额外的竞争元素。她向Anton使眼色。他跟在她后面。可推断，他刚开始被撵到走廊完成工作，不受重视，但是他坚持提出了自己的主意，改变了别人对他的看法，从而受到了导演Selma的喜爱，说明他是一个有决心的人。故选D。
57．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“He had imagined he would be standing behind Selma, watching her make crucial decisions during filming. Instead, the assistant director, Joe, had given Anton a box of index cards to place in alphabetical order, which is what Anton was doing in the gym when Selma arrived. She looked around quickly and said, ‘What's that kid doing in the shot Get him out of here.’ Joe hurried over and told Anton to finish his work in the hallway.”他原以为自己会站在Selma身后，看着她在拍摄过程中做出关键的决定。相反，副导演乔给了Anton一盒索引卡，让他按字母顺序排列，Selma来的时候Anton正在体育馆做这个。她迅速环顾四周说：“镜头里的那个孩子在做什么？把他带出去。”Joe赶紧走过去，让Anton在走廊里完成他的工作；以及最后一段中的“She winked at Anton. He trailed behind her—once again certain that he had the best job in the world.”她向Anton挤眉弄眼。他跟在她后面——再一次确信他拥有世界上最好的工作。可知，刚开始Anton没有得到Selma Honor的重视，但是后来Selma Honor觉得Anton的主意很不错，对他很满意，因此文章的一个主题是失望通常都是暂时的。故选B。
D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If you've logged on to any social media app this week, you've probably seen pictures of your friends, but they are re-imagined as fairy princesses, handsome princes, and charming characters. It is all because of Lensa, an app which uses artificial intelligence to present digital portraits based on photos users submit.
Lensa recommends users submit 10-20 selfies for the best results. The pictures should be close-up of your face with a variety of different backgrounds, facial expressions, and angles. A yearlong subscription to the app, which also provides photo editing services, costs $35.99. But you can use the app for a weeklong free trial if you want to test it out before committing.
To test out the app, I took 20 selfies I thought showed a variety of expressions and angles and submitted. It took around 20 minutes for Lensa to return my portraits, which fell into several categories: fantasy, fairy princess, focus, pop, stylish, light, kawaii, and cosmic. In general, I felt like the app did a decent job producing artistic images based on my selfies.
Other users have documented unfavorable experiences which come from their Lensa images. Aubrey Gordon, a writer and fat rights activist, wrote on her Instagram the app produced images which made her look much thinner than she actually is. "Lensa is really working overtime to make AI me into a thin person," she wrote in the caption.
Several of the artists expressed concern the apps could also threaten their livelihoods. Digital artists cannot compete with the low prices and fast turnaround artificial intelligence enables for a digital portrait, they said at the time.
Lensa's owner Prisma has tried to relieve anxiety that digital artists will be robbed of work opportunities owing to the technology. "While both humans and AI learn about artistic styles in semi-similar ways, there are some fundamental differences: AI is capable of rapidly analyzing and learning from large sets of data, but it does not have the same level of attention and appreciation for art as a human being."
58．What can be learned about Lensa
A．It is a tool that stores photos.
B．It is a photo trading platform.
C．It is an app that takes photos.
D．It aims to offer customized photos.
59．What impressed the author most
A．The low price of Lensa.
B．The wide popularity of Lensa.
C．The artistic images Lensa made.
D．The speed at which Lensa makes photos.
60．Why does Aubrey Gordon disapprove of Lensa
A．Because it is time-consuming.
B．Because it is friendly to the thin.
C．Because it presents unrealistic photos.
D．Because it is posing a threat to her job.
61．What does Prisma imply
A．Lensa cannot replace human artists.
B．Lensa will give a hand to digital artists.
C．Lensa needs further improvement.
D．Lensa is good at data analysis.
【答案】58．C
59．C
60．C
61．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Lensa这款拍照应用程序并说明了不同的人的使用感受。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
58．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It is all because of Lensa, an app which uses artificial intelligence to present digital portraits based on photos users submit.”这一切都归功于Lensa，这是一款利用人工智能根据用户提交的照片呈现数字肖像的应用程序。可知，Lensa是一个拍照的应用程序。故选C。
59．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“To test out the app, I took 20 selfies I thought showed a variety of expressions and angles and submitted. It took around 20 minutes for Lensa to return my portraits, which fell into several categories: fantasy, fairy princess, focus, pop, stylish, light, kawaii, and cosmic. In general, I felt like the app did a decent job producing artistic images based on my selfies.”为了测试这款应用，我拍了20张自拍照，我认为这些照片展示了各种表情和角度，然后提交了。Lensa花了大约20分钟把我的照片还给了我，这些照片分为几个类别：幻想、童话公主、聚焦、流行、时尚、光线、卡哇伊和宇宙。总的来说，我觉得这个应用程序在根据我的自拍制作艺术图像方面做得还不错。可知，作者印象最深的是Lensa创造的艺术形象。故选C。
60．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Aubrey Gordon, a writer and fat rights activist, wrote on her Instagram the app produced images which made her look much thinner than she actually is. ‘Lensa is really working overtime to make Al me into a thin person,’ she wrote in the caption.”作家兼肥胖维权人士Aubrey Gordon在她的Instagram上写道，这款应用的图片让她看起来比实际瘦得多。她在配文中写道：“Lensa真的在加班加点地把我变成一个瘦子。”可知，Aubrey Gordon不赞成Lense，是因为它呈现不真实的照片。故选C。
61．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“While both humans and AI learn about artistic styles in semi-similar ways, there are some fundamental differences: AI is capable of rapidly analyzing and learning from large sets of data, but it does not have the same level of attention and appreciation for art as a human being. ”虽然人类和人工智能学习艺术风格的方式是半相似的，但有一些根本的差异：人工智能能够从大量数据中快速分析和学习，但它对艺术的关注度和鉴赏力不如人类。可推知，Prisma意思是Lensa不能取代人类艺术家。故选A。
六、书面表达
62．假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了一次户外徒步活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括:
1）你的所见所闻；
2）对此次活动的感受。
注意:
1）词数 100 左右；
2）题目已为你写好。
A Hiking Activity
【答案】A Hiking Activity
Our school held a hiking activity last Sunday, which has a great effect on my study and life.
It was at 6 o'clock that we set off in order. In the beginning, we walked all the way, chatting and singing. After a while, some students were so tired that they couldn't keep up with their classmates. What moved me most was that they didn't give up, but helped each other to the end. Four hours later, we all made it to our destination
In my opinion, the activity relieved our mental pressure. More importantly, we had a good chance to strengthen our will, which will leave a happy experience in our youthful memories.
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份为校英文报写一篇报道 。写作背景： 上周日你校举办了一次户外徒步活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）你的所见所闻；2）对此次活动的感受。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Our school held a hiking activity last Sunday, which has a great effect on my study and life.运用了非限制性定语从句；
It was at 6 o'clock that we set off in order. In the beginning, we walked all the way, chatting and singing. 运用了强调句，现在分词作伴随状语；After a while, some students were so tired that they couldn't keep up with their classmates. 运用了结果状语从句；What moved me most was that they didn't give up, but helped each other to the end. 运用了主语从句，表语从句；More importantly, we had a good chance to strengthen our will, which will leave a happy experience in our youthful memories.运用了非限制性定语从句。
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