中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
冀教版必修一Unit2单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A Big Meal to Beat Jet Lag
Before a long-distance air trip, we've always felt guilty for enjoying a big meal in departure lounges, especially in the middle of the night. But passengers finally have an excuse 1． (eat) their fill because a big meal can help beat jet lag.
It has long been known that darkness prompts the body to feel sleepy by sending signals to a central part in our brain. And in the same way, natural light makes us feel 2． (awake). But scientists also discovered that each of our millions of cells had 3． own tiny sleep pattern which contribute to the body overall 4． they are all taken together. Besides, they found insulin(胰岛素)could kick-start the tiny sleep patterns 5． eachcell and encourage our bodies to change the time at 6． we want to fall asleep.
According to a recent study 7． (conduct) by a group of researchers at Yamaguchi University in Japan, foods which kick-start a big release of insulin, such as carbohydrates, can be crucial to 8． (reset) our body clock when we get out of sync(同步) with our natural cycle.
The study tested the theory on mice which 9． (feed) unusually large meals during the night. Researchers found that insulin was released when the mice ate food high in sugar, and it had an effect on the cells' biological clock.
Dr. Makoto Akashi, the leading researcher of the study, said, "Insulin may help the stomach clock synchronize with mealtime. For example, for jet lag, dinner 10． be enriched with ingredients promoting insulin secretion(分泌), which might bring forward our biological clock. "
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
Choose the proper words to complete the following sentences. Each word can be used only once. Note that there are two more words than you need.
A. remote B. eventually C. demanding D. matureE. polished F. discipline G. stretch H. respondI. delight J. lack K. refer L. constantly
11．The conventional wisdom is that boys tend to more slowly than girls.
12．You should yourself, get uncomfortable and get out of your comfort zone, and then keep getting out.
13．A(n) of qualifications can be a major obstacle to finding a desirable job.
14．Richard picked up the control and turned on the television as soon as he got home.
15．The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally used to to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.
16．Some people are so envious that they are angry when anyone does well, and some people are so ill-intentioned that they in other people' s misfortunes.
17．Even very young premature babies to their mother' s presence.
18．It is a technically piece of music to play, so only a few artists dare to perform at live concerts.
19．The sun is evaporating the earth's moisture, which then gathers in clouds and eventually falls as snow, hall, sleet, or rain.
20．Everyone put their heads together and a feasible arrangement was reached.
三、翻译
21．正是出于这个原因，他和父母离开伦敦，定居在一各小山村。（使用强调句）
22．到达终点站之后，我们将有一天的时间去探索这座古城。(destination)
23．一看到这封信，他高兴地无法表达。(at the sight of )
24．你要是担心自己的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧。
25．不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言，这与口头语言相似。
26．他们开始采取措施保护当地环境。
27．尽管外面艳阳高照，我也分不清是早上还是夜晚。
28．微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境，在陌生的世界里找到朋友。
29．随着期末考试来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。
Our teachers us hard with the final exam drawing near.
30． (多亏，幸亏) your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally was admitted to Sun Yat-sen University. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
四、完形填空
Laungi Bhuiya, a man from a small village named Kothilwa in India, has a noble dream—to bring water to his village. To 31． this, he did the seemingly(看似) 32． —dig a canal through the land so that water can 33． from the hills to his village.
Thus started Bhuiya's digging, which went on for almost 30 years. But his 34． brought him scorn(鄙视)from the people in his village. His own wife called him "mad." She tried everything to 35． him, even to the point of denying him food, but she 36． .
"I was always 37． with him for not caring about the children. There was never any money, never enough food," she said.
Using only 38． tools, Bhuiya spent years digging through Kothilwa's barren landscape. 39． , he was able to create a three-kilometer canal. His 40． earned him the reputation as the "madman".
Kothilwa is a(n) 41． village home to almost 750 people, most of whom live in mud huts and 42． a couple of wells for drinking water. They don't have enough water for irrigation(灌溉), therefore making them unable to grow 43． to feed themselves. This is what 44． Bhuiya to build the canal.
Eventually, the 45． learned about the story of this 46． "madman". A local journalist, Jai Prakash, wrote a report about him and published it in a local Hindi newspaper, which was a breakthrough for Bhuiya. Kothilwa was then 47． by journalists, social workers, and political leaders, all wanting to 48． Bhuiya.
The villagers' 49． to Bhuiya has changed as well. They even asked the government for a road to be 50． in the village and named after Bhuiya.
31．A．promote B．accomplish C．stop D．solve
32．A．impossible B．perfect C．necessary D．important
33．A．float B．blow C．roll D．flow
34．A．energy B．talent C．enthusiasm D．interest
35．A．discourage B．protect C．support D．criticize
36．A．continued B．failed C．returned D．forgot
37．A．strict B．satisfied C．bored D．angry
38．A．simple B．advanced C．heavy D．expensive
39．A．Suddenly B．Generally C．Constantly D．Finally
40．A．words B．dreams C．efforts D．beliefs
41．A．poor B．famous C．beautiful D．abandoned
42．A．think of B．depend on C．give away D．put aside
43．A．trees B．flowers C．weeds D．crops
44．A．advised B．required C．motivated D．allowed
45．A．school B．hospital C．company D．media
46．A．determined B．proud C．stupid D．ridiculous
47．A．searched B．studied C．visited D．remembered
48．A．hire B．meet C．pay D．recognize
49．A．devotion B．donation C．reply D．attitude
50．A．built B．opened C．enlarged D．improved
五、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Andrea Martínez, a 21-year-old law student at the National Autonomous University of México, has been admitted as the country's first female college football (橄榄球) player. When Martínez tried out for the team, she assumed the school had a women's team where she might be placed, but was told she would be playing alongside the men.
Martínez got her start as a soccer player before trying out for the university's football team after they posted an open call for kickers. Martínez wasn't out to play football specifically, but saw that she could apply her talents as a soccer player to a new game. "The decision I made was to try a new sport. Nothing else," she said. "I was very happy when I heard the news that I had been the girl selected."
Martínez is not the only soccer player turning to football, especially as it becomes more popular throughout the country. It is estimated that there are about 48 million football fans in Mexico and the numbers are growing. Martínez is also not the first female college football kicker, although she is the first one in Mexico. In 1997, Liz Heaston became the first woman in the US to play that position on a college team. However, Ashley Martin was the first woman to score a point as a kicker in 2001.
It was never Martínez's intention to become famous, but that's exactly what has happened. So far, Martínez has done more than 80 interviews and has seen herself on the cover of every major newspaper in the country and even on national television, a rarity (罕见的事) for any college football player.
"There are little girls and boys who come and ask me for a photo or come up and say very nice words to me," she said. "It's the most satisfying thing I've ever felt, realizing that perhaps I'm inspiring them a little."
51．What do we know about Andrea Martínez from the text
A．She has scored a point as a kicker.
B．She always plays with men players.
C．She started by playing football.
D．She is a football kicker in Mexico.
52．What was Andrea Martínez's expectation when trying out for the football team
A．To play alongside the men.
B．To join the women's football team.
C．To win the championship.
D．To be reported in major newspapers.
53．Why did Andrea Martínez decide to turn to football
A．She was bored with playing soccer.
B．She'd like to try a different sport.
C．She hoped to prove herself as a kicker.
D．She preferred football to soccer.
54．What was it that made Andrea Martínez very satisfied
A．She is famous all over Mexico.
B．She is admired by others.
C．She has a good influence on others.
D．She encourages girls to play football.
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The Okapi Wildlife Reserve, located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to one-sixth of the remaining wild okapi in the world. It protects many other wildlife species as well as one-fifth of the Ituri forest. But despite its status, the reserve is under threat from human activities.
Mining, deforestation (森林破坏), and illegal hunting are all threatening the reserve, and criminals have murdered several people, including forest guards, since 2012. Forest loss is expanding rapidly. In 2020, the most deforestation in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve since records began in 2002 was recorded via satellite data. Since 2002, the area has lost about 7% of its total forest cover. Most recently, satellite data shows deforestation along the Ituri River in late 2021, likely from illegal gold mining.
"Miners are actually eating the reserve out of its wildlife by hunting animals for food. There is almost no wildlife left around the mine itself, and wildlife numbers are greatly reduced around mining towns," said John Lukas, co-founder of the Okapi Conservation Project.
Protecting the reserve is important for the endangered okapi and other wildlife that call the region home, but preserving the area's forests is of particular significance in dealing with climate change.
"The forests of Congo, more than forests in the Amazon and in Asia, store carbon even in times of drought and rising temperatures," explained Lukas. "Preserving the forests not only provides habitats for okapi, elephants and chimpanzees but gives humans time to adjust our source of energy to be more sustainable and carbon neutral (碳中和). Hopefully the Western world will financially support the countries of the Congo basin to value their forests as sources of life and not just a kind of goods to be sold."
55．What happened to the forests in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
A．Forest guards hunting.
B．Mining via satellites.
C．About 7% forest loss in 21 years.
D．One-fifth of wild animals leaving.
56．Why has so much wildlife disappeared around the mines
A．Because of being killed for food. B．Because of the high temperature.
C．Because of no habitat. D．Because of the deadly diseases.
57．Why is it particularly important to protect the forests in the reserve
A．Gold mines are in the forests.
B．The forests affect climate.
C．The forests are home to wild species.
D．A good life can be led by selling trees.
58．Which of the following might be the best title of the text
A．Current situation of the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
B．Gold mines found in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
C．Protecting the wildlife in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
D．Endangered Okapi reserve threatened by human activities
C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项
Age-related macular degeneration, or AMD, is an eye condition that affects millions of people around the world. In the UK, it is the biggest cause of sight loss. It's caused by a loss of the nerves at the back of the eye. Even though it affects only a tiny area around the width of a human hair, its impact is life-changing. Patients experience a blurring (模糊) of vision, initially at the center of their gaze, which expands and worsens as time goes on. Recognizing faces or watching television can rapidly become impossible.
"This is why it's such a difficult disease to deal with for patients: It affects the best bit first," explains Lyndon Da Cruz, a surgeon at Moorfields Eye Hospital in London, UK. Because nerve cells don't regenerate (再生), the body cannot heal the condition itself, however scientists at King's College London and Moorfields are working on a new technique to implant stem cells into the back of the eye.
A trial has already been successfully tested on two patients, both of whom went from being unable to read at all even with glasses, to reading 60 to 80 words per minute with normal reading glasses.
Operating on the eye is always delicate, but the precision involved in inserting the stem cells is right at the edge of the ability of even the most talented surgeons. Therefore the team has been working with the University's robotics department to create machines that can work with minute accuracy.
"It's as if you cut the human hair 10 times and then you need to go with one of those tools in between those layers for two or three minutes stably while the patient is awake. And that's not something that humans just can do. That's where robots come in," says Christos Bergeles, a robotics researcher at King's.
Bergeles' team has created a working model of an operating room equipped with a robotic arm that can translate the movement of a surgeon. For the moment, they operate only on model but one day they hope to be able to be restoring sight one cell at a time.
59．How does AMD affect people's health
A．It prevents cells from healing. B．It can make people go blind.
C．It causes nerve problems. D．It can damage human hair.
60．What's the real difficulty in operating on the eye
A．The precision needed in the operation.
B．Lacking the right stem cells.
C．The stable movement of the surgeon.
D．Cutting hair into very thin layers.
61．What can we infer about inserting the stem cells
A．It is a piece of cake for brilliant surgeons.
B．It can simply be carried out by a professional robot.
C．It is almost a mission impossible for any surgeons alone.
D．It can be done by a robotic arm translating a surgeon's movement.
62．What's the main idea of the text
A．A working model will be created to make a surgery.
B．A trial on two patients has successfully been tested.
C．The cause of sight loss has been found out to restore it.
D．Robots and stem cells can be combined to restore eyesight.
D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项
For nearly every step of his almost 12-mile walk, Darryl Dyer has company. Flocks of crows follow him, signaling each other, because they all know that he's the guy with the peanuts.
"They know your body type. The way you walk," Dyer said. "They'll take their young down and say: ‘You want to get to know this guy. He's got the food. "
Scientists for years have known that crows have great memories, that they can recognize a human face and behavior, and can pass that information onto their babies.
Nowadays, researchers are trying to understand more about the crow's brain and behavior, specifically what it does when the birds see one of their own die. They react loudly to the dead, but the reasons aren't entirely known. Among the guesses is that they are mourning; losing a partner could be a significant moment for the social animals. Crows place sticks and other objects on dead birds—a funeral of sorts.
"Crows have evolved to have these complex social relationships, and they have a big brain," said Kaeli Swift, who led the study.
How big of a brain Crows are on par with smart mammals, like dolphins and monkeys, in brain-to-body proportion (比例). They have been known to be problem solvers and are among the few animals recorded to use tools.
In another part of the experiment, using slightly radioactive tracers, researchers measured the brain activity of crows after they were shown a dead bird. The scans showed the section of the hippocampus—the part involved in memory formation—light up at the sight of death. "In that particular situation at least, that crow was learning about a place, or a face, or a situation and associated it with that dead crow," said Johin Marzluff, the lead researcher.
63．What does Darryl Dyer say about the crows
A．They have good teamwork. B．They want to get to know him.
C．They like peanuts best. D．They are familiar with him.
64．What can be learned from the text
A．Crows behave badly to each other.
B．Crows can't remember things well.
C．Crows can acquire information from their parents.
D．Crows mourn their partners' death in a silent way.
65．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase "on par with" in Paragraph 6
A．the same as B．different from C．related to D．opposite to
66．What is the best title for the text
A．Crows Are Friends of Humans
B．A Big Brain Makes Crows Intelligent
C．Crows Can Memorize Things
D．Crows Hold-a Funeral for the Dead
六、书面表达
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
What separates me from everyone else The difference is not what clothes I wear or the music I listen to, but what I feel inside.
Ever since I was young, I have loved professional wrestling(摔跤). I woke up every Saturday to watch my favorite "super stars." As I grew older, I got a lot of criticism for watching this "fake" sport. My peers would laugh at me for following what was called a "man's soap opera." So, I put my love for wrestling on the shelf. Like everyone else, I wanted to be associated with the cool group. I desired to be invited to the parties of the in-crowd（圈内人）and hang out with the popular kids. I became pretty successful. Although my Friday evenings were busy with parties, I would still wake up early Saturdays to watch wrestling. It wasn't until my freshman year that I realized I wasn't being myself.
That year, I tried many new things and activities and made new friends. In my town, football was the sport, so I decided to play football, thinking it might give me a head start in popularity. The team started with 48 athletes. In the end, there were 14 of us left. I stuck it out not because I liked it, but because I am not a quitter. That long season taught me a lesson: I wasn't a football player. More importantly, it taught me to be myself.
After that season, I went back to being a wrestling fan. I watched it regularly, no matter what insults(侮辱) were thrown my way. I came across a quote: "Don't Dream It. Be It." When I read this, my friend Dan had the same idea I had.
"What if we build a wrestling ring（拳击场） " we asked. We acquired the necessary wood and equipment for its construction. The following weekend, we met at his house. We saw our dream in a pile in his backyard. We worked from dawn to dusk to build our greet establishment. By Sunday night, our mission(使命) was complete. Our hard work combined with a little creativity had paid off. We had a real ring.
注意：1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We decided to hold an "event."_
We are now well-known throughout school.
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冀教版必修一Unit2单元分层练（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A Big Meal to Beat Jet Lag
Before a long-distance air trip, we've always felt guilty for enjoying a big meal in departure lounges, especially in the middle of the night. But passengers finally have an excuse 1． (eat) their fill because a big meal can help beat jet lag.
It has long been known that darkness prompts the body to feel sleepy by sending signals to a central part in our brain. And in the same way, natural light makes us feel 2． (awake). But scientists also discovered that each of our millions of cells had 3． own tiny sleep pattern which contribute to the body overall 4． they are all taken together. Besides, they found insulin(胰岛素)could kick-start the tiny sleep patterns 5． eachcell and encourage our bodies to change the time at 6． we want to fall asleep.
According to a recent study 7． (conduct) by a group of researchers at Yamaguchi University in Japan, foods which kick-start a big release of insulin, such as carbohydrates, can be crucial to 8． (reset) our body clock when we get out of sync(同步) with our natural cycle.
The study tested the theory on mice which 9． (feed) unusually large meals during the night. Researchers found that insulin was released when the mice ate food high in sugar, and it had an effect on the cells' biological clock.
Dr. Makoto Akashi, the leading researcher of the study, said, "Insulin may help the stomach clock synchronize with mealtime. For example, for jet lag, dinner 10． be enriched with ingredients promoting insulin secretion(分泌), which might bring forward our biological clock. "
【答案】1．to eat；2．more awake；3．its；4．when；5．within；6．which；7．conducted；8．resetting；9．were fed；10．should
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明一顿大餐有助于克服时差。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，形容词，代词，状语从句，介词，定语从句，时态语态，情态动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：但乘客们终于有了吃得饱的借口，因为一顿大餐可以帮助克服时差。此处不定式作定语，故填 to eat 。
2．句意：同样，自然光使我们感到更加清醒。此处形容词作表语，结合语境应用比较级，故填 more awake 。
3．句意：但科学家们还发现，我们数百万个细胞中的每一个都有自己的微小睡眠模式，当它们全部聚集在一起时，这些睡眠模式会对身体产生影响。此处形容词性物主代词，修饰名词 sleep pattern ，故填its。
4．句意：但科学家们还发现，我们数百万个细胞中的每一个都有自己的微小睡眠模式，当它们全部聚集在一起时，这些睡眠模式会对身体产生影响。 they are all taken together 是when引导的时间状语从句，故填when。
5．句意：但科学家们还发现，我们数百万个细胞中的每一个都有自己的微小睡眠模式，当它们全部聚集在一起时，这些睡眠模式会对身体产生影响。 within “在......里面”，此处介词短语作状语，故填 within 。
6．句意：此外，他们发现胰岛素可以启动每个细胞内的微小睡眠模式，并鼓励我们的身体改变我们想要入睡的时间。 at we want to fall asleep 是限制性定语从句，先行词是time，在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词which，故填 which 。
7．句意：根据日本山口大学的一组研究人员最近进行的一项研究，当我们与自然周期不同步时，启动胰岛素大量释放的食物，如碳水化合物，对重置我们的生物钟至关重要。 study 与 conduct 在逻辑上是动宾关系，过去分词表被动，此处作定语，故填 conducted 。
8．句意：根据日本山口大学的一组研究人员最近进行的一项研究，当我们与自然周期不同步时，启动胰岛素大量释放的食物，如碳水化合物，对重置我们的生物钟至关重要。此处动名词作介词宾语，故填 resetting 。
9．句意：这项研究在夜间喂食异常大量食物的小鼠身上验证了这一理论。此处是谓语动词，与主语which是被动关系，应用被动语态，which指代先行词 mice ，是复数名词，be动词应用复数形式，结合语境应用一般过去时，故填 were fed 。
10．句意：例如，对于时差，晚餐中应该富含促进胰岛素分泌的成分，这可能会加快我们的生物钟。should“应该”，情态动词，与 be enriched with 构成谓语动词，故填should。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
Choose the proper words to complete the following sentences. Each word can be used only once. Note that there are two more words than you need.
A. remote B. eventually C. demanding D. matureE. polished F. discipline G. stretch H. respondI. delight J. lack K. refer L. constantly
11．The conventional wisdom is that boys tend to more slowly than girls.
12．You should yourself, get uncomfortable and get out of your comfort zone, and then keep getting out.
13．A(n) of qualifications can be a major obstacle to finding a desirable job.
14．Richard picked up the control and turned on the television as soon as he got home.
15．The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally used to to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.
16．Some people are so envious that they are angry when anyone does well, and some people are so ill-intentioned that they in other people' s misfortunes.
17．Even very young premature babies to their mother' s presence.
18．It is a technically piece of music to play, so only a few artists dare to perform at live concerts.
19．The sun is evaporating the earth's moisture, which then gathers in clouds and eventually falls as snow, hall, sleet, or rain.
20．Everyone put their heads together and a feasible arrangement was reached.
【答案】11．D
12．G
13．J
14．A
15．K
16．I
17．H
18．C
19．L
20．B
【解析】【分析】 mature，动词，“成熟”；stretch，及物动词，“伸展”； lack，名词，“缺乏”；remote，形容词，“遥远的”；refer，动词，“参考，提到”；delight，动词，“以......为乐”；respond，动词，“反应”；demanding，形容词，“要求高的”；constantly，副词，“持续不断地”；eventually，副词，“最终”。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生再理解句义的基础上，根据方框所给的短语，结合相关语法知识，做出正确选择。
11．句意：传统观念认为男孩往往比女孩成熟得慢。 mature，动词，“成熟”，此处tend to do为固定搭配，表示“倾向于”。故选D。
12．句意：你应该伸展自己，感到不舒服，走出你的舒适区，然后继续走出去。 stretch，及物动词，“伸展”，此处情态动词后接动词原形。故选G。
13．句意：缺乏资历可能是找到理想工作的主要障碍。 lack，名词，“缺乏”，此处由不定冠词a修饰。故选J。
14．句意：理查德一到家就拿起遥控器打开了电视。 remote，形容词，“遥远的”，此处作定语修饰名词control。故选A。
15．句意：威尔斯首创的“时间机器”一词，现在普遍用来指把人送到遥远未来的交通工具。 refer，动词，“参考，提到”，此处refer to为固定搭配，表示“指的是”。故选K。
16．句意：有些人非常嫉妒，当别人做得好时，他们会生气；有些人非常恶意，他们以别人的不幸为乐。 delight，动词，“以......为乐”，此处delight in为固定搭配，表示“因为......感到快乐”，且本句描述一般事实，谓语动词用一般现在时，与主语they保持主谓一致，用复数。故选I。
17．句意：即使是非常小的早产儿也会对母亲的存在有反应。 respond，动词，“反应”，此处respond to为固定搭配，表示“对......作出反应”，且本句描述一般事实，谓语动词用一般现在时，与主语babies保持主谓一致，用复数。故选H。
18．句意：这是一种对演奏技术要求很高的音乐，所以只有少数艺术家敢在现场演唱会上表演。 demanding，形容词，“要求高的”，此处作定语修饰名词music。故选C。
19．句意：太阳不断地蒸发地球上的水分，这些水分聚集成云，最终以雪、雪、雨夹雪或雨的形式落下。 constantly，副词，“持续不断地”，此处为副词作状语，修饰谓语 is evaporating。故选L。
20．句意：大家集思广益，最终达成了一个可行的安排。 eventually，副词，“最终”，此处为副词作状语。故选B。
三、翻译
21．正是出于这个原因，他和父母离开伦敦，定居在一各小山村。（使用强调句）
【答案】It was for this reason that he left London with his parents and settled down in a small village.
【解析】【分析】”出于这个原因“可用名词for this reason作被强调部分；“离开”可用动词leave；“定居”可用短语settle down；“小山村”可用短语a small village。根据句意可知该句的谓语应使用一般过去时态。故答案为It was for this reason that he left London with his parents and settled down in a small village.
【点评】考查汉译英以及强调句型。注意强调句型的结构是It is \was +被强调部分+that\who+其他。
22．到达终点站之后，我们将有一天的时间去探索这座古城。(destination)
【答案】After reaching the destination, we will have a day to explore the ancient city.
【解析】【分析】“到达终点”可用短语reach the destination；“探索”可用动词explore；“古城”可用短语the ancient city，根据将有一天，可知该句应使用一般将来时，故答案为After reaching the destinations, we will have a day to explore the ancient city.
【点评】考查汉译英；介词短语作时间状语。注意after“在……之后”为介词，后接动词的-ing形式。
23．一看到这封信，他高兴地无法表达。(at the sight of )
【答案】At the sight of the letter, he couldn't speak anything to express his happy feeling.
【解析】【分析】”一看到“可用短语at the sight of；”信“可用名词letter；”表达“可用动词express。根据所给汉语的时间状语是”一看到这封信“，可知该句的谓语动词应该使用一般过去时态。故答案为At the sight of the letter, he couldn't speak anything to express his happy feeling.
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语at the sight of。注意”一看到“可用短语at the sight of。
24．你要是担心自己的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧。
【答案】If you're worried about your health, share your anxiety with your doctor.
【解析】【分析】“ 你要是担心自己的健康 ”是if引导的条件状语从句，谓语动词“担心”应用动词短语be worried about，结合汉语提示应用一般现在时，宾语“健康”用 health 表达，译为： if you're worried about your health；主句“就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧”是祈使句，应用动词短语share sth. with sb.“和.....分享......”，宾语“你的忧虑”用 your anxiety 表达，译为： share your anxiety with your doctor ，故答案为：If you're worried about your health, share your anxiety with your doctor.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，祈使句，条件状语从句以及固定短语be worried about 和share sth. with sb.
25．不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言，这与口头语言相似。
【答案】Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.
【解析】【分析】“ 不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言 ”应用动词短语 vary from culture to culture“因文化的不同而不同”，陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“肢体语言”用body language 表达，属于第三人称单数，译为： body language varies from culture to culture ；“ 这与口头语言相似”用介词短语just like spoken language表达，作状语，故答案为：Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，主谓一致以及固定短语 vary from culture to culture。
26．他们开始采取措施保护当地环境。
【答案】They set out to take measures to protect local environment.
【解析】【分析】谓语动词“ 开始 ”应用动词短语短语 set out to do，结合汉语提示应用一般现在时；“ 采取措施 ”应用动词短语 take measures ；“ 保护当地环境 ”用 protect local environment 表达，此处不定式作目的状语，故答案为： They set out to take measures to protect local environment.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，不定式作目的状语以及固定短语 set out to do和 take measures 。
27．尽管外面艳阳高照，我也分不清是早上还是夜晚。
【答案】Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
【解析】【分析】“ 尽管外面艳阳高照 ”是 even though引导的让步状语从句，谓语动词用shine表达，结合汉语提示应用现在进行时，译为：even though the sun is brightly shining；主句“我也分不清是早上还是夜晚”主语应用动名词短语telling whether it is morning or night ，译为： telling whether it is morning or night is impossible ，故答案为：Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，现在进行时，让步状语从句以及动名词作主语。
28．微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境，在陌生的世界里找到朋友。
【答案】A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
【解析】【分析】“ 微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境 ”主语“微笑”用a smile 表达，“帮助我们摆脱困境”用固定短语help sb. do和 get through difficult situations“摆脱困境”，此处不带to的动词不定式作宾补；“在陌生的世界里找到朋友”用 find friends in a world of strangers 表达，与 get through 并列，故答案为： A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，主谓一致，不带to的动词不定式作宾语，以及固定短语get through 。
29．随着期末考试来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。
Our teachers us hard with the final exam drawing near.
【答案】urge；to study/work
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少"敦促某人做某事"，用动词短语urge sb to do sth；本句陈述经常性或习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用原形。"努力学习"用study/work hard。故填urge；to study/work。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语urge sb to do sth.
30． (多亏，幸亏) your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally was admitted to Sun Yat-sen University. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Thanks to
【解析】【分析】句意：多亏了你的鼓励，我的数学不断进步，最终被中山大学录取。表示"多亏，幸亏"应用短语 thanks to，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Thanks to。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语thanks to。
四、完形填空
Laungi Bhuiya, a man from a small village named Kothilwa in India, has a noble dream—to bring water to his village. To 31． this, he did the seemingly(看似) 32． —dig a canal through the land so that water can 33． from the hills to his village.
Thus started Bhuiya's digging, which went on for almost 30 years. But his 34． brought him scorn(鄙视)from the people in his village. His own wife called him "mad." She tried everything to 35． him, even to the point of denying him food, but she 36． .
"I was always 37． with him for not caring about the children. There was never any money, never enough food," she said.
Using only 38． tools, Bhuiya spent years digging through Kothilwa's barren landscape. 39． , he was able to create a three-kilometer canal. His 40． earned him the reputation as the "madman".
Kothilwa is a(n) 41． village home to almost 750 people, most of whom live in mud huts and 42． a couple of wells for drinking water. They don't have enough water for irrigation(灌溉), therefore making them unable to grow 43． to feed themselves. This is what 44． Bhuiya to build the canal.
Eventually, the 45． learned about the story of this 46． "madman". A local journalist, Jai Prakash, wrote a report about him and published it in a local Hindi newspaper, which was a breakthrough for Bhuiya. Kothilwa was then 47． by journalists, social workers, and political leaders, all wanting to 48． Bhuiya.
The villagers' 49． to Bhuiya has changed as well. They even asked the government for a road to be 50． in the village and named after Bhuiya.
31．A．promote B．accomplish C．stop D．solve
32．A．impossible B．perfect C．necessary D．important
33．A．float B．blow C．roll D．flow
34．A．energy B．talent C．enthusiasm D．interest
35．A．discourage B．protect C．support D．criticize
36．A．continued B．failed C．returned D．forgot
37．A．strict B．satisfied C．bored D．angry
38．A．simple B．advanced C．heavy D．expensive
39．A．Suddenly B．Generally C．Constantly D．Finally
40．A．words B．dreams C．efforts D．beliefs
41．A．poor B．famous C．beautiful D．abandoned
42．A．think of B．depend on C．give away D．put aside
43．A．trees B．flowers C．weeds D．crops
44．A．advised B．required C．motivated D．allowed
45．A．school B．hospital C．company D．media
46．A．determined B．proud C．stupid D．ridiculous
47．A．searched B．studied C．visited D．remembered
48．A．hire B．meet C．pay D．recognize
49．A．devotion B．donation C．reply D．attitude
50．A．built B．opened C．enlarged D．improved
【答案】31．B；32．A；33．D；34．C；35．A；36．B；37．D；38．A；39．D；40．C；41．A；42．B；43．D；44．C；45．D；46．A；47．C；48．B；49．D；50．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了印度农民Bhuiya为了改善村里的用水难，经过九年的努力，挖出了一条3公里长的水渠，后经媒体报道而转变了村民们对他的态度。
【点评】考查完形填空。答题时首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意。然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
31．句意：为了实现这一梦想，他做了一件看似不可能的事情——在土地上挖了一条运河，这样水就可以从山上流到他的村庄。A. promote促进；B. accomplish实现；C. stop停止；D. solve解决。根据上下文，可知空格后的this指代上文提到的a noble dream，结合选项，此处应是实现梦想，故选B。
32．句意：为了实现这一目标，他做了一件看似不可能的事情——在土地上挖了一条运河，这样水就可以从山上流到他的村庄。A. impossible不可能的；B. perfect完美的；C. necessary必要的；D. important重要的。根据空格后的“dig a canal through the land from the hills to his village在这片土地上挖一条河，从山上通到他的村庄”，结合选项，可知这是一项“不可能的impossible”任务，故选A。
33．句意：为了实现这一目标，他做了一件看似不可能的事情——在土地上挖了一条运河，这样水就可以从山上流到他的村庄。A. float漂浮；B. blow吹；C. roll滚动；D. flow流动。水是从山上“flow流到”村子里，故选D。
34．句意：但他的热情却招致了村里人们的嘲笑。A. energy能量；B. talent才能；C. enthusiasm热情；D. interest兴趣。根据上句，可知Bhuiya的挖掘工作进行了30年，所以他对于这项事业很有“热情enthusiasm”，故选C。
35．句意：她想尽一切办法劝阻他，甚至不给他吃东西，但她失败了。A. discourage使……泄气；B. protect保护；C. support支持；D. criticize批评。上文提到，他的妻子都认为他“疯了”，所以尽量“劝阻discourage”他。故选A。
36．句意：她想尽一切办法劝阻他，甚至不给他吃东西，但她失败了。A. continued继续；B. failed失败；C. returned返回；D. forgot忘记。根据后文，Bhuiya还在继续挖掘水渠，所以此处表示妻子的劝阻“失败fail”，故选B。
37．句意：我总是生他的气，因为他不关心孩子们。A. strict严格的；B. satisfied满意的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。对于妻子而言，“for not caring about the children不关心孩子们”这是让人“生气的angry”，故选D。
38．句意：布耶只用简单的工具花了数年时间在科蒂尔瓦贫瘠的土地上挖掘。A. simple简单的；B. advanced先进的；C. heavy重的；D. expensive贵的。从上文“ There was never any money, never enough food没有钱，也没有足够的食物”，可知Bhuiya家里很穷，只能用的起“简单的simple”的工具，故选A。
39．句意：最后，他终于建成了一条三公里长的河。A. Suddenly突然；B. Generally一般来说；C. Constantly持续地；D. Finally最终。根据上句，经过九年的挖掘的，“finally终于”挖出了一天长3公里的水渠，故选D。
40．句意：他的努力为他赢得了“疯子”的名声。A. words话；B. dreams梦想；C. efforts努力；D. beliefs信仰。九年的坚持与“努力efforts”，给他赢得了“疯子”的名声，故选C。
41．句意：Kothilwa是一个贫穷的村庄，有近750人，其中大多数人住在泥屋里，依靠几口井获得饮用水。A. poor穷的；B. famous著名的；C. beautiful漂亮的；D. abandoned遗弃的。根据后文“most of whom live in mud huts他们大多住在泥屋里”，可知村里人都很“穷poor”，故选A。
42．句意：Kothilwa是一个贫穷的村庄，有近750人，其中大多数人住在泥屋里，依靠几口井获得饮用水。A. think of 想起 ；B. depend on依靠；C. give away赠送；D. put aside把...放在一边。根据后文“most of whom live in mud huts他们大多住在泥屋里”，可知村里人都很穷，并且饮用水只“依靠depend on”几口井，故选B。
43．句意：他们没有足够的水来灌溉，因此他们无法种植作物来养活自己。A. trees树；B. flowers花；C. weeds杂草；D. crops庄稼。根据空格后的“ feed themselves养活自己”，结合选项，可知此处应是种“庄稼crops”，故选D。
44．句意：这就是布耶修建长河的动机。A. advised建议；B. required要求；C. motivated有动力；D. allowed允许。村里很穷，缺水灌溉庄稼，这就是 Bhuiya 挖渠的“动机motivate”，故选C。
45．句意：最终，媒体了解了这个坚定的“疯子”的故事。A. school学校；B. hospital医院；C. company公司；D. media媒体。根据后文中的“ A local journalist 一名当地的记者”和“ a local Hindi newspaper一份当地的报纸”，可知他的事迹吸引了“媒体media”的关注，故选D。
46．句意：最终，媒体了解了这个坚定的“疯子”的故事。A. determined有决心的；B. proud骄傲的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. ridiculous滑稽的。九年的坚持与努力，足以说明 Bhuiya 是一个“有决心的determined”人，故选A。
47．句意：随后，记者、社会工作者和政治领导人访问了科蒂尔瓦，他们都想见到布耶。A. searched搜索；B. studied学习；C. visited拜访；D. remembered记住。经过媒体的报道， Bhuiya 成为了名人，因此许多人来“拜访visit”他，故选C。
48．句意：随后，记者、社会工作者和政治领导人访问了科蒂尔瓦，他们都想见到布耶。A. hire雇佣；B. meet见到；C. pay支付；D. recognize辨认出。经过媒体的报道， Bhuiya 成为了名人，因此许多人来拜访他，想要“见见meet”他。故选B。
49．句意：村民们对布耶的态度也发生了变化。A. devotion热爱；B. donation捐赠；C. reply答复；D. attitude态度。根据后文，村民们请求政府修一条以 Bhuiya 的名字命名的路，可知村民们对 Bhuiya 的“态度attitude”转变了，故选D。
50．句意：他们甚至要求政府在村里修建一条路，并以Bhuiya命名。A. built修建；B. opened打开；C. enlarged扩大；D. improved提高。根据空格后的“named after Bhuiya根据Bhuiya的名字命名”，可知空格处应是“修built”一条路，故选A。
五、阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Andrea Martínez, a 21-year-old law student at the National Autonomous University of México, has been admitted as the country's first female college football (橄榄球) player. When Martínez tried out for the team, she assumed the school had a women's team where she might be placed, but was told she would be playing alongside the men.
Martínez got her start as a soccer player before trying out for the university's football team after they posted an open call for kickers. Martínez wasn't out to play football specifically, but saw that she could apply her talents as a soccer player to a new game. "The decision I made was to try a new sport. Nothing else," she said. "I was very happy when I heard the news that I had been the girl selected."
Martínez is not the only soccer player turning to football, especially as it becomes more popular throughout the country. It is estimated that there are about 48 million football fans in Mexico and the numbers are growing. Martínez is also not the first female college football kicker, although she is the first one in Mexico. In 1997, Liz Heaston became the first woman in the US to play that position on a college team. However, Ashley Martin was the first woman to score a point as a kicker in 2001.
It was never Martínez's intention to become famous, but that's exactly what has happened. So far, Martínez has done more than 80 interviews and has seen herself on the cover of every major newspaper in the country and even on national television, a rarity (罕见的事) for any college football player.
"There are little girls and boys who come and ask me for a photo or come up and say very nice words to me," she said. "It's the most satisfying thing I've ever felt, realizing that perhaps I'm inspiring them a little."
51．What do we know about Andrea Martínez from the text
A．She has scored a point as a kicker.
B．She always plays with men players.
C．She started by playing football.
D．She is a football kicker in Mexico.
52．What was Andrea Martínez's expectation when trying out for the football team
A．To play alongside the men.
B．To join the women's football team.
C．To win the championship.
D．To be reported in major newspapers.
53．Why did Andrea Martínez decide to turn to football
A．She was bored with playing soccer.
B．She'd like to try a different sport.
C．She hoped to prove herself as a kicker.
D．She preferred football to soccer.
54．What was it that made Andrea Martínez very satisfied
A．She is famous all over Mexico.
B．She is admired by others.
C．She has a good influence on others.
D．She encourages girls to play football.
【答案】51．D
52．B
53．B
54．C
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。墨西哥刚刚迎来了第一位女大学生橄榄球运动员——21岁的Martínez，她将与男队友同场竞技。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
51．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Martínez is also not the first female college football kicker, although she is the first one in Mexico. Martínez也不是第一个女大学生足球运动员，尽管她是墨西哥的第一个。”，可知Martínez是一名橄榄球运动员，故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"When Martinez tried out for the team, she assumed the school had a women's team where she might be placed, but was told she would be playing alongside the men 当Martínez参加球队选拔时，她以为学校有一个女子球队，她可能会被安排在那里，但她被告知她将和男子一起比赛"，可知当Martinez参加球队选拔时，她以为学校有一个女队，她可能会被安排在那里，但被告知她将和男队员一起比赛，所以她参加选拔时的期望是加入一支女橄榄球队，故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The decision I made was to try a new sport. Nothing else我做的决定是尝试一种新的运动。没有其他的”，可推知她从足球转行到橄榄球，是希望尝试一项新的运动，故选B。
54．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It's the most satisfying thing I've ever felt, realizing that perhaps I'm inspiring them a little这是我感觉过的最满意的事情，意识到也许我激励了他们一点”，可知使Martínez感到满意的是她对其他人有积极地影响，故选C。
B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The Okapi Wildlife Reserve, located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to one-sixth of the remaining wild okapi in the world. It protects many other wildlife species as well as one-fifth of the Ituri forest. But despite its status, the reserve is under threat from human activities.
Mining, deforestation (森林破坏), and illegal hunting are all threatening the reserve, and criminals have murdered several people, including forest guards, since 2012. Forest loss is expanding rapidly. In 2020, the most deforestation in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve since records began in 2002 was recorded via satellite data. Since 2002, the area has lost about 7% of its total forest cover. Most recently, satellite data shows deforestation along the Ituri River in late 2021, likely from illegal gold mining.
"Miners are actually eating the reserve out of its wildlife by hunting animals for food. There is almost no wildlife left around the mine itself, and wildlife numbers are greatly reduced around mining towns," said John Lukas, co-founder of the Okapi Conservation Project.
Protecting the reserve is important for the endangered okapi and other wildlife that call the region home, but preserving the area's forests is of particular significance in dealing with climate change.
"The forests of Congo, more than forests in the Amazon and in Asia, store carbon even in times of drought and rising temperatures," explained Lukas. "Preserving the forests not only provides habitats for okapi, elephants and chimpanzees but gives humans time to adjust our source of energy to be more sustainable and carbon neutral (碳中和). Hopefully the Western world will financially support the countries of the Congo basin to value their forests as sources of life and not just a kind of goods to be sold."
55．What happened to the forests in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
A．Forest guards hunting.
B．Mining via satellites.
C．About 7% forest loss in 21 years.
D．One-fifth of wild animals leaving.
56．Why has so much wildlife disappeared around the mines
A．Because of being killed for food. B．Because of the high temperature.
C．Because of no habitat. D．Because of the deadly diseases.
57．Why is it particularly important to protect the forests in the reserve
A．Gold mines are in the forests.
B．The forests affect climate.
C．The forests are home to wild species.
D．A good life can be led by selling trees.
58．Which of the following might be the best title of the text
A．Current situation of the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
B．Gold mines found in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
C．Protecting the wildlife in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
D．Endangered Okapi reserve threatened by human activities
【答案】55．C
56．A
57．B
58．D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。刚果民主共和国的霍加狓野生动物保护区是霍加狓和众多野生动物的避难所，但近年来，这些野生动物正受到采矿、偷猎、砍伐森林等人类活动的威胁。
【点评】考查阅读理解。推断题和主旨题从题型上看属于有难度的题型，推断题需要考生根据关键词，推断出所需要的信息；主旨题，则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
55．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since 2002, the area has lost about 7% of its total forest cover ”，可知自2002年以来，该地区的森林覆盖面积减少了约7%，故选C。
56．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“There is almost no wildlife left around the mine itself, and wildlife numbers are greatly reduced around mining towns矿区周围几乎没有野生动物，矿区城镇周围的野生动物数量也大大减少”，可推知造成金矿周围野生动物灭绝的原因是矿工们猎捕它们当做食物，故选A。
57．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“but preserving the area's forests is of particular significance in dealing with climate change但保护该地区的森林在应对气候变化方面具有特别重要的意义”，可推知该地区森林有助于我们人类与气候变化作斗争，这使得保护该地区的森林显得尤为重要，故选B。
58．标题归纳题。文章首段最后一句“But despite its status, the reserve is under threat from human activities 但尽管它的地位，保护区正受到人类活动的威胁”点明主题，全文都是围绕这个主题展开的。故选D 。
C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项
Age-related macular degeneration, or AMD, is an eye condition that affects millions of people around the world. In the UK, it is the biggest cause of sight loss. It's caused by a loss of the nerves at the back of the eye. Even though it affects only a tiny area around the width of a human hair, its impact is life-changing. Patients experience a blurring (模糊) of vision, initially at the center of their gaze, which expands and worsens as time goes on. Recognizing faces or watching television can rapidly become impossible.
"This is why it's such a difficult disease to deal with for patients: It affects the best bit first," explains Lyndon Da Cruz, a surgeon at Moorfields Eye Hospital in London, UK. Because nerve cells don't regenerate (再生), the body cannot heal the condition itself, however scientists at King's College London and Moorfields are working on a new technique to implant stem cells into the back of the eye.
A trial has already been successfully tested on two patients, both of whom went from being unable to read at all even with glasses, to reading 60 to 80 words per minute with normal reading glasses.
Operating on the eye is always delicate, but the precision involved in inserting the stem cells is right at the edge of the ability of even the most talented surgeons. Therefore the team has been working with the University's robotics department to create machines that can work with minute accuracy.
"It's as if you cut the human hair 10 times and then you need to go with one of those tools in between those layers for two or three minutes stably while the patient is awake. And that's not something that humans just can do. That's where robots come in," says Christos Bergeles, a robotics researcher at King's.
Bergeles' team has created a working model of an operating room equipped with a robotic arm that can translate the movement of a surgeon. For the moment, they operate only on model but one day they hope to be able to be restoring sight one cell at a time.
59．How does AMD affect people's health
A．It prevents cells from healing. B．It can make people go blind.
C．It causes nerve problems. D．It can damage human hair.
60．What's the real difficulty in operating on the eye
A．The precision needed in the operation.
B．Lacking the right stem cells.
C．The stable movement of the surgeon.
D．Cutting hair into very thin layers.
61．What can we infer about inserting the stem cells
A．It is a piece of cake for brilliant surgeons.
B．It can simply be carried out by a professional robot.
C．It is almost a mission impossible for any surgeons alone.
D．It can be done by a robotic arm translating a surgeon's movement.
62．What's the main idea of the text
A．A working model will be created to make a surgery.
B．A trial on two patients has successfully been tested.
C．The cause of sight loss has been found out to restore it.
D．Robots and stem cells can be combined to restore eyesight.
【答案】59．B
60．A
61．C
62．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了AMD使人丧失视力，但是通过机器人高精度植入干细胞可以使视力恢复。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
59．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Age-related macular degeneration, or AMD, is an eye condition that affects millions of people around the world. In the UK, it is the biggest cause of sight loss.”年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是一种影响全球数百万人的眼部疾病。在英国，它是视力丧失的最大原因。可知，AMD对人的影响主要表现在使人视力丧失，故选B。
60．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Operating on the eye is always delicate, but the precision involved in inserting the stem cells is right at the edge of the ability of even the most talented surgeons. Therefore the team has been working with the University's robotics department to create machines that can work with minute accuracy. ”眼睛手术总是很棘手，但插入干细胞所涉及的精度甚至是最有天赋的外科医生都无法做到的。因此，该团队一直在与大学的机器人部门合作，以创造能够以微小精度工作的机器。可知，眼科手术最大的困难在于操作中所需的精度。故选A。
61．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Operating on the eye is always delicate, but the precision involved in inserting the stem cells is right at the edge of the ability of even the most talented surgeons.”眼睛手术总是很棘手，但插入干细胞所涉及的精度甚至是最有天赋的外科医生都无法做到的；以及第五段中的“And that's not something that humans just can do. That's where robots come in.”这不是人类能做到的。这就是机器人的用武之地。可知，植入干细胞需要精度高，需要机器人操作，对于外科医生来说这是不可能完成的。故选C。
62．考查主旨大意。通过文章第一段讲述了AMD会使人丧失视力；二、三段讲述了干细胞植入眼部后的实验测试；四、五段讲述了植入干细胞需要的精度非常高，需要机器人操作；最后一段讲述了配备机械臂的手术室；可知，文章的主旨是通过机器人高精度的植入干细胞可以使人恢复视力。故选D。
D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项
For nearly every step of his almost 12-mile walk, Darryl Dyer has company. Flocks of crows follow him, signaling each other, because they all know that he's the guy with the peanuts.
"They know your body type. The way you walk," Dyer said. "They'll take their young down and say: ‘You want to get to know this guy. He's got the food. "
Scientists for years have known that crows have great memories, that they can recognize a human face and behavior, and can pass that information onto their babies.
Nowadays, researchers are trying to understand more about the crow's brain and behavior, specifically what it does when the birds see one of their own die. They react loudly to the dead, but the reasons aren't entirely known. Among the guesses is that they are mourning; losing a partner could be a significant moment for the social animals. Crows place sticks and other objects on dead birds—a funeral of sorts.
"Crows have evolved to have these complex social relationships, and they have a big brain," said Kaeli Swift, who led the study.
How big of a brain Crows are on par with smart mammals, like dolphins and monkeys, in brain-to-body proportion (比例). They have been known to be problem solvers and are among the few animals recorded to use tools.
In another part of the experiment, using slightly radioactive tracers, researchers measured the brain activity of crows after they were shown a dead bird. The scans showed the section of the hippocampus—the part involved in memory formation—light up at the sight of death. "In that particular situation at least, that crow was learning about a place, or a face, or a situation and associated it with that dead crow," said Johin Marzluff, the lead researcher.
63．What does Darryl Dyer say about the crows
A．They have good teamwork. B．They want to get to know him.
C．They like peanuts best. D．They are familiar with him.
64．What can be learned from the text
A．Crows behave badly to each other.
B．Crows can't remember things well.
C．Crows can acquire information from their parents.
D．Crows mourn their partners' death in a silent way.
65．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase "on par with" in Paragraph 6
A．the same as B．different from C．related to D．opposite to
66．What is the best title for the text
A．Crows Are Friends of Humans
B．A Big Brain Makes Crows Intelligent
C．Crows Can Memorize Things
D．Crows Hold-a Funeral for the Dead
【答案】63．D
64．C
65．A
66．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过乌鸦识人的事例和科学家对乌鸦对于亲属悼念的实验得出结论：乌鸦因为拥有较大的大脑，这使得它们更加聪明。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
63．考查细节理解。根据第二段“‘They know your body type. The way you walk,’ Dyer said.”Dyer说：“它们知道你的体型，你走路的样子”，可知，乌鸦们对他很熟悉。故选D。
64．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Scientists for years have known that crows have great memories, that they can recognize a human face and behavior, and can pass that information onto their babies”科学家花费数年的时间得知乌鸦有很好的记忆力，它们可以识别人脸和行为并且能把这些信息传递给它们的孩子。可知，乌鸦的孩子可以遗传父母给出的信息。故选C。
65．考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“like dolphins and monkeys, in brain-to-body proportion (比例)”在头脑和身体的比例上很像海豚和猴子，可知，文章举例说乌鸦的头脑身体比例和猴子和海豚这类聪明的哺乳类动物一样，推断出on par with和the same as 意思相同，意为“和……一样”。故选A。
66．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文通过介绍乌鸦辨认人的事例及科学家的一系列关于乌鸦记忆力的实验证明乌鸦更加聪明的原因是它拥有较大的大脑，所以文章主要想介绍的主题是乌鸦的大脑使它们更智慧。故选B。
六、书面表达
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
What separates me from everyone else The difference is not what clothes I wear or the music I listen to, but what I feel inside.
Ever since I was young, I have loved professional wrestling(摔跤). I woke up every Saturday to watch my favorite "super stars." As I grew older, I got a lot of criticism for watching this "fake" sport. My peers would laugh at me for following what was called a "man's soap opera." So, I put my love for wrestling on the shelf. Like everyone else, I wanted to be associated with the cool group. I desired to be invited to the parties of the in-crowd（圈内人）and hang out with the popular kids. I became pretty successful. Although my Friday evenings were busy with parties, I would still wake up early Saturdays to watch wrestling. It wasn't until my freshman year that I realized I wasn't being myself.
That year, I tried many new things and activities and made new friends. In my town, football was the sport, so I decided to play football, thinking it might give me a head start in popularity. The team started with 48 athletes. In the end, there were 14 of us left. I stuck it out not because I liked it, but because I am not a quitter. That long season taught me a lesson: I wasn't a football player. More importantly, it taught me to be myself.
After that season, I went back to being a wrestling fan. I watched it regularly, no matter what insults(侮辱) were thrown my way. I came across a quote: "Don't Dream It. Be It." When I read this, my friend Dan had the same idea I had.
"What if we build a wrestling ring（拳击场） " we asked. We acquired the necessary wood and equipment for its construction. The following weekend, we met at his house. We saw our dream in a pile in his backyard. We worked from dawn to dusk to build our greet establishment. By Sunday night, our mission(使命) was complete. Our hard work combined with a little creativity had paid off. We had a real ring.
注意：1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We decided to hold an "event."_
We are now well-known throughout school.
【答案】One possible version:
We decided to hold an "event." We practiced for hours, trying to improve every aspect of our wrestling ability. The date was May 24th. Our show had a start time of 9:00 p.m. To our surprise, about one hundred people including family members, friends and fans showed up to support us. It was the most important night of my life and a complete success. Since that time, we have held five shows with as many as two hundred and fifty people turning out. We continued to live this dream. We accomplished what we set out to do.
We are now well-known throughout school. When I walk down the halls, I am respected by my peers. Some are the same peers who ridiculed me for watching wrestling when I was younger. When they approach me, they often say, "Good match" I humbly say, "Thank you," knowing I did something I believed in. As my senior year winds down, I'll remember all of my university memories. But what will stick out most is the memory that I did something I loved, despite what everyone said or thought. I accomplished my goal. I lived my dream.
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者在小时候一直都很喜欢职业摔跤，后来在同龄人的嘲笑之下，放弃了自己的梦想。不过在最后还是感觉到人要做真正的自我，于是和朋友建了一个拳击场，取得了成功。告诉我们做人要做真正的自我。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我们决定举办一场“活动”。”可知，第一段可描写作者开始进行摔跤表演，并进行了多次演出，取得了成功。②由第二段首句内容“我们现在在学校里很出名。”可知，第二段可描写作者在学校得到了尊重，完成了自己的目标，实现了自己的梦想。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：We practiced for hours, trying to improve every aspect of our wrestling ability. 运用了现在分词作状语； We accomplished what we set out to do.运用了宾语从句； When I walk down the halls, I am respected by my peers.运用了时间状语从句； Some are the same peers who ridiculed me for watching wrestling when I was younger. 运用了时间状语从句，限制性定语从句；When they approach me, they often say, "Good match"运用了时间状语从句； I humbly say, "Thank you," knowing I did something I believed in.运用了现在分词作状语； As my senior year winds down, I'll remember all of my university memories. 运用了时间状语从句；But what will stick out most is the memory that I did something I loved, despite what everyone said or thought. 运用了主语从句，限制性定语从句，宾语从句。
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