课件36张PPT。 Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World
Grammar
情态动词+have done的用法归纳 【探究寻规】
选词填空，并观察其规律。
couldn’t, needn’t, should, might, must
1. Come on!You ______ have finished this task hours ago.
2. She suddenly fell down on her way to school;she _____ have
been ill.
3. She ________ have seen me because I wasn’t there at all
yesterday. shouldmustcouldn’t4. I ______ have lent him more money when he came to me.
5. There was plenty of time;she _______ have hurried.
以上结构皆为“情态动词+have done”结构。mightneedn’t【语法精点】
一、基础点拨
情态动词+have done的用法归纳:
1. may/might+have done。
表示对不太把握的过去情况的可能性推测，表示“可能/ 大概(已经)做了某事”的意思。
﹡Tom may have gone to Shanghai，but I’m still not sure about it.
汤姆可能已经去了上海，但是我还不能肯定。2. can/could+have done。
表示对过去的推测，用于否定句、疑问句中，还可以表示“本来可以做；可能已经做”。
﹡She can’t have been to your house. She doesn’t know your address. 她不可能去过你家，她不知道你的地址。
﹡You could have done better，but you were too careless.
你本来能够做得更好，但你太粗心了。3. must+have done。
表示对过去发生的事情或行为的较有把握的推测，是一种“十有八九”的肯定的推断，常译为“想必一定；准是”等。这一结构一般不用作否定式。否定意义的表达可用can’t/couldn’t have done。
﹡The ground is rather wet, so it must have rained last night, didn’t it?
地面很湿，所以昨晚一定下雨了，对不对？ 4. should/ought to +have done。
表示过去该做某事而没有做的情况，表示说话人后悔、遗憾或责备的语气。
﹡I really regret wasting the hours when I should have studied hard，but it is too late. 我真的很后悔该努力学习的时候浪费了太多时间，但现在太晚了。
【名师点津】shouldn’t /oughtn’t to+have done表示过去不该做某事却已经做了，也表示说话人后悔或责备的语气。
﹡You shouldn’t have watched TV last night.
你们昨晚本不应该看电视的。5. needn’t+have done。
表示过去做了其实不必去做的事，可译为“本可不必”等。
﹡You needn’t have visited my uncle，as he has been all right for a long time. 其实你不必去探望我叔叔的，因为他已经痊愈了好长一段时间了。二、难点突破
1. 情态动词+have done有两个主要用法：一是表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态的推测。二是表示对过去发生的动作的遗憾或责备。要关注两种用法的差别。
﹡They left here early and should have arrived by now. (表示推测)
他们一早就离开了这里，现在应该到了。
﹡You should have finished the work yesterday. (表示责备)
你应该昨天就完成工作的。2. 注意needn’t have done与didn’t need结构的不同。
﹡She needn’t have come to see me yesterday.
昨天她本可不必来看我。(实际上来了)
﹡She didn’t need to come to see me yesterday.
昨天她不需要来看我。(实际上没来) 3. 含有must have done结构句子的反意疑问句的构成。
﹡He must have studied English last night,didn’t he?
昨晚他一定学英语了，是吧？
﹡She must have heard of this,hasn’t she?
她肯定已经听说过这件事了，对吧？
【名师点津】当含有must have done结构的句子中有表示过去的时间状语时，反意疑问句要用相应表示过去的助动词，反之就用have或has构成反意疑问句。【高考体验】
情态动词解题技巧：
1. 充分利用句子语境，弄清各个被考查情态动词的意思。
2. 根据上下文信息确定时态，尤其要分
清情态动词表推测时涉及的是现在情况
还是过去情况。
3. 注意分清适用句型，是用于肯定句型，
还是用于疑问句型或否定句型。1. (2013·大纲版全国卷)Since nobody gave him any help, he ______ have done the research on his own.
A. can B. must C. would D. need
解题关键：弄清since从句的含义。
思路分析：选B。考查情态动词表示推测。句意：因为没有人帮助他，他一定独自完成了这项研究。can表示推测时，常用于否定句和疑问句，用于肯定句时，表示理论上对客观情况的推测；must表示有把握的推测时，只能用于肯定句，推测的可能性很大，译为“一定”；would常用于虚拟，不用于推测；need表示推测时，常用于否定句。由此可知选B。2. (2013·陕西高考)The children ______ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
A. must have got B. must get
C. should have got D. should get
解题关键：理解第二分句的句意。
思路分析：选A。考查情态动词。句意：孩子们一定在森林里迷路了；否则他们会按照预定时间来到湖边营地的。根据后半句“would have been”可知是对过去事情的虚拟，must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，根据句意，应选A。3. (2013·四川高考)—Why are your eyes so red?You ______ have slept well last night.
—Yeah,I stayed up late writing a report.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t
思路分析：选A。考查情态动词的用法。句意：——你的眼为什么那么红？昨晚你肯定没睡好。 ——是的，我熬夜写一篇报道了。A项can’t have done表示对过去的否定推测；B项表示“禁止，不允许”，不能用于对过去的推测；C项needn’t have done表示过去不需要做某事(但却做了)；D项不能用于对过去的推测。4. (2013·浙江高考)I ______ myself more—it was a perfect day.
A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B. needn’t have enjoyed
C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed
思路分析：选D。考查情态动词的用法。句意：我玩得再开心不过了——这是完美的一天。D项表示不可能做过……，这里是用比较级的否定形式表示最高级的意思，故选D。A项表示本不该做却做了……；B项表示本不必做却做了……；C项将不会做……，用于与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。5. (2012·江西高考)We ______ have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
A．may not B．needn’t
C．can’t D．mustn’t
思路分析：选B。needn’t have done表示过去本来没有必要做某事但已经做了，符合句意；may not have done 过去可能没做过某事；can’t have done过去不可能做过某事；must表示推测，不用于否定句，因此选B。may not可能不，needn’t不需要，can’t不可能。 6. (2012·北京高考)We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?
A. should face B. might face
C. could have faced D. must have faced
思路分析：选C。本句是表示埋怨、责备的虚拟语气。由but和didn’t可知与过去事实相反，应该用情态动词+have done结构，C项与句意相符，A项和B项表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，D项表示肯定推测，故可排除。Ⅰ. 用“情态动词+have done”结构完成句子
1. 他意识到一定有什么人进过他的房间。
He was aware that someone ________________ his room.
2. 谁会想到你会做出这样的事情？
Who __________________ you did such a thing?
3. 你这么晚的时候本不应该一个人来这里的。
You ____________________________ here alone at such a late
hour. must have enteredcould have supposedshouldn’t/oughtn’t to have come4. 她本不必亲自来——写封信来就足够了。
She ________________ in person — a letter would have been
enough.
5. 我找不到我的钥匙了。我可能昨天把它们落在学校了。
I can’t find my keys. I __________________ them at school
yesterday. needn’t have comemay/might have leftⅡ. 单项填空
1. —Did Mary come to the party？
—I don’t know. She ______ while I was out.
A. may have come B. must have come
C. might come D. could come
【解析】选A。句意：——玛丽来参加聚会了吗？——我不知道。当我出去的时候她可能已经来过了。may have done猜测过去可能发生但不知是否真的发生的事情。符合题意，故选A。2. You ______ yesterday if you were really serious about the job.
A. ought to come B. ought to be coming
C. ought to have come D. ought have come
【解析】选C。考查情态动词。句意：如果你真认真对待这项工作的话，你昨天就该来。“should/ought to+现在完成时”可表示本该做而没有做的事，有责备的含义。3. He ______ have finished his work;otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying music in his study.
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
【解析】选B。从题干的后半部分可知，“他正欣赏音乐”，所以一定是“做完了工作”才去欣赏音乐的。所以选must，表示肯定的推测。4. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There ______ be twelve.
A. should B. would C. will D. shall
【解析】选A。考查情态动词。句意：你什么意思？只有10张票吗？应该是12张。should表示可能性推测，意为“应该”，符合题意。would表过去将来；will表意愿；shall表示说话人的允许，许诺，命令,威胁等语气，均不合题意。5. One of the few things you ______ say about British people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.
A. need B. must C. should D. can
【解析】选D。考查情态动词的用法。句意：你能够确定地说的关于英国人的为数不多的事情之一就是他们对天气讨论很多。can表示“可以”。6. She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.
A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【解析】选A。考查“情态动词＋have done”结构。句意：她不可能离开了学校，因为她的自行车仍然在这儿。can’t表示不可能；wouldn’t have done表虚拟；shouldn’t have done本不该做(却已做了)；needn’t have done本没必要做(但已做了)。根据句意应选A。7. He ______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A．should B．must C．wouldn’t D．can’t
【解析】选B。考查情态动词对过去有把握的推测。“must have＋动词-ed形式”表示对过去发生的事情的肯定判断，意思是“(过去)一定做过某事”。8. —Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
—Well. He ______ have gone far—his coat’s still here.
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t
C．can’t D．wouldn’t
【解析】选C。考查情态动词对过去的推测用法。根据“他的衣服还在这里”推测，前面一句意思是“他肯定没有走远”。must也可以表示推测，但只能用于肯定句，否定推测用can’t。9. She is two hours late. What ______ to her?
A．may happen B．is happening
C．can have happened D．must have happened
【解析】选C。本题对时间的理解是关键。happen 一词的时间应理解为过去时，因为它指的是迟到的原因，而A、B两项是指现在，故排除。表示“可能”的疑问句不可用 must, 所以D也是错误的，因此，只能选C。10. —Did you listen to the speech?
—No, we ______ it. But we had a lot of traffic on our way.
A．could have attended B．must have attended
C．could attend D．shouldn’t have attended
【解析】选A。考查的是虚拟语气，表示“本来能做某事但实际上却没做”，即与过去事实相反，要用could＋have done形式。11. (2013·唐山高一检测)—What do you think of the film Avatar?
—It ______ be better. I even want to see it twice.
A．won’t B．couldn’t
C．shouldn’t D．mightn’t
【解析】选B。考查情态动词。句意：——你觉得电影《阿凡达》怎么样？——再好不过了，我甚至想看第二次。can’t/couldn’t与比较级连用，表示“再也没有更……的了”。类似的用法还有“I couldn’t agree more. (我完全同意。)”。12. —Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?
—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation, you ______ have one as a reward.
A．must B．need C．would D．shall
【解析】选D。考查情态动词。答句句意：如果你整个假期能够帮忙洗盘子的话，就会得到一个MP5作为回报。shall用于第一、三人称问句中表示征询对方意见；shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中，表示“警告、许诺、命令、威胁”等语气。本题中shall表示允诺。13．(2013·南昌高一检测)The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. You ______ the trouble to carry your raincoat with you.
A．should have taken B．could have taken
C．needn’t have taken D．mustn’t have taken
【解析】选C。句意：昨天天气很好，你本来不必费力带着雨衣的。should have done本应做某事，但却没做；could have done可能做了某事；needn’t have done没有必要做某事，但却做了。根据句意C项最佳。must表推测时不能用在否定句中。14．(2013·石家庄高一检测)—John looks a bit upset. Did you tell him the bad news?
—Yes, but I ______ him after his birthday party.
A．should have told B．must have told
C．shouldn’t have told D．needn’t have told
【解析】选A。“约翰看起来有点难过”，因此“我本应该在他生日聚会之后再告诉他这个坏消息的”。should have done本该做某事(但是没有做)；shouldn’t have done本不该做但却做了。15．(2013·北京高一检测)—The traffic is heavy now, so Mike ______ come late.
—Let’s wait ten more minutes.
A．will B．need C．may D．shall
【解析】选C。考查情态动词的用法。句意：——现在交通繁忙，所以Mike可能会迟到。——那让我们再等10分钟吧。此处may表示“(有可能但不肯定)也许，可能”；will表示意愿；need需要；shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示“警告、命令、威胁”等语气。课件92张PPT。 Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World
Integrating Skills Ⅰ. 速记单词
1. 音意记忆。
(1) _____ (vi. ) 适应；适合
(2) _____ (adj. ) 凶猛的；残暴的
(3) __________ (n. )名誉；名声
(4) ________ (adj. ) 有雅量的，大方的；
心地高尚的adaptfiercereputationgenerous(5) ________ (n. ) 皇帝
(6) ______ (n. ) 边境；国界
(7) _______ (vt. ) 象征；暗示emperorborderindicate2. 形意记忆。
(1)_________ (vi. )不见；消失→appear (反义词)(vi. )出现
(2)______ (adj. ) 绝种的；消亡了的→extinction (n. ) 灭绝
(3)______ (vi. )进化，演变→evolution (n. )进化(论)
(4)__________ (n. )毁坏→destructive (adj. )造成毁灭的
→_______ (vt. ) 毁灭，破坏disappearextinctevolvedestructiondestroy(5)____________ (adj. )变化莫测的→__________ (adj. )可预测
的→ _______ (vt. ) 预测，预料→prediction(n. ) [天气]预测，
预报；预言；预言的事物
(6)_______ (adj. )正面的→negative(反义词)(adj. )消极的
(7)fortune(n. )运气；命运；财富→_________ (adj. )幸运的→
__________ (adv. )幸运地→____________ (adv. )不幸地unpredictablepredictablepredictpositivefortunatefortunatelyunfortunatelyⅡ. 短语互译
1. 与……有关 ___________
2. 灭绝 ______
3. 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事 _____________
4. 谈正题；开门见山 ______________________
5. 适用于；努力获取；喜欢 ______
6. 由于；因……造成 ______be related todie outthrow light oncome straight to the pointgo fordue to7. 隔离,使隔绝;切断 ______
8. almost overnight _______
9. quite something _________
10. be connected with/to ___________
11. according to _________
12. plenty of _________cut off迅速地非同寻常与……有关根据,按照许多,大量Ⅲ．完成句子
1. 皇室其他的成员也允许穿带有龙标志的衣服，但是爪子比
较少而且颜色也不同。
Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear
dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and ____________
______. (be of +名词)of a differentcolour2. 然而，跨过威尔士的边境，出现在威尔士国旗上的红色龙
却是一个正面象征，象征着力量和国家身份。
However, across the border in Wales, the red dragon which
appears on the Welsh flag is a positive symbol, _________
___________________________________. (v. -ing 形式作后置
定语)indicatingstrength and a sense of national identity3. 对于一种并不存在的生物，那是非同寻常的。
For a creature that doesn’t actually exist, __________
_________. (be something表令人瞩目的人或事物)
4. 为什么龙在世界不同地区有不同的特征呢？
___________________________________________ in
different parts of the world? (should在句中表惊讶)that’s quitesomethingWhy should the dragon have a different character 1. adapt vi. 适应；适合；改编
【语境领悟】
①If you can adapt to something,you can change in order to make the situation better.
如果你能对某事物适应,你可以改变来使情况变得更好。
②When you go to a new country, you must adapt yourself to new customs.
当你到一个新的国家时，你必须使自己适应新的风俗习惯。③The world will be different，and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change.
世界将不同了，我们要准备好适应变化。
④Most of Jin Yong’s novels have been adapted for television series.
金庸的小说中许多已经改编成了电视剧。
⑤The film has been adapted from a play of the same title. 这部电影是由同名剧本改编的。【归纳拓展】
adapt to 适应
adapt oneself to 使某人适应
adapt. . . from. . . 从……改编……
adapt sth. for sth. 把……改作他用
adapt from. . . 根据……改写(改编)
【易混辨析】⑥The old woman adopted that orphan as her son.
那位老妇人收养那个孤儿做她的儿子。
【巧学助记】 图解adapt与adopt【即学活用】
(2013·德州高一检测)—Mr President, do you plan to educate your two daughters to be officials?
—To tell you the truth, I hope they can do whatever ______ their interests and ______ new circumstances as quickly as they can.
A. fits; adjust to B. matches; adopt to
C. needs; according to D. suits; adapt to 【解析】选D。考查动词及动词短语辨析。句意：——总统先生，你计划把您的两个女儿也培养成官员吗？——说实话，我希望她们能做她们感兴趣的事情，也希望她们能快速适应新的环境。suit多指符合需要、口味、性格、条件等;fit多用来指“大小、形状、尺寸等合适或服装合适”；match指人或物在品质、颜色、设计等方面相当或相配，故第一空用suits；adapt to = adjust to 适应； according to根据； adopt采纳。2. reputation n．名誉；名声；声望;荣誉，信誉
【语境领悟】
①But in the west，dragons had a different reputation.
但是在西方，龙有着截然不同的名声。
②Our aim is to make our products not only win a reputation in the international market but also keep it forever.
我们的目标是使我们的产品不但在国际市场上享有声誉，而且永远保持这种声誉。
③Martin lived up to his reputation and arrived late.
马丁果然不出所料，姗姗来迟。【归纳拓展】
have a reputation as/ for sth. 作为/因为……而出名
win/earn a reputation as 赢得……名誉/名声
live up to one’s reputation 不负盛名，名副其实【即学活用】完成句子。
①她有受贿的坏名声。
She has a bad __________ ___ taking bribes.
②盛名之下，其实难副。
It is hard to ____ ___ __ a great reputation.
③勤劳的工作使她享有声誉。
She ______ a reputation __ a hard worker. reputationforliveuptoearnedas3. indicate vt. 象征；暗示
【语境领悟】
①With a nod of his head he indicated to me where I should sit. 他点头示意我应坐的地方。
②The minister has indicated that he may resign next year. 该总理已示意他明年可能辞职。【归纳拓展】
(1)indicate sth. to sb. 向某人指出某物
indicate that. . . 示意，表明……
(2)indication n. 指示；象征，表明
an indication of (doing) sth. ……的迹象
indicative (+of短语或that从句)
adj. 象征的；指示的，表示的
③Could you give us an indication of your price?
你能否暗示一下你方的参考价格？【即学活用】完成句子。
①叶落知秋。
One falling leaf is an _________ of ___ _______ __ autumn.
②A red sky at night often _____ fine weather on the next day.
A. declares B. indicates
C. introduces D. instructs
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：晚霞往往预示第二天天气晴朗。declare宣称，声明；indicate表明，象征；introduce介绍，引进，提出；instruct指导，通知，教授。indicationthecomingof4. identity n. 身份；特性
【语境领悟】
①The identity of the fingerprints on the gun proved that he was the killer.
留在枪上的指纹证实他就是杀人者。
②May I see your airplane ticket and identity card?
请让我看一下您的机票和身份证，好吗？【归纳拓展】
identity card 身份证
identify vt. &vi. 确认;识别
identify (oneself) with sb. /sth.
支持；与……认同；觉得与……接近
③Could you identify your umbrella among a hundred ones?你能在一百把伞中认出你的伞吗?
④I can identify with your problems as I’ve had them myself. 我觉得你的问题就像我自己遇到的问题。【即学活用】
The police are trying to find out the ______ of the woman killed in the traffic accident.
A. evidence B. recognition
C. identity D. status
【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意：警方正在试图查明这位死于车祸的女性的身份。identity“身份”，符合题意。evidence“证据”；recognition“认知”；status“地位”。5. fortune n. 运气;命运；财富；前途
【语境领悟】
①So the Chinese dragon was a bringer of good fortune.
因此，中国的龙是可以带来好运的。
②He went to Australia and soon made a fortune.
他到澳大利亚之后不久就发财了。
③I had the good fortune to be chosen for a trip abroad.
我真幸运，被选中出国旅行。
④She told my fortune by reading my palm.
她靠看手相给我算命。⑤Mary came into a big fortune when her grandpa died.
玛丽在她祖父去世后得到一大笔财产。
【归纳拓展】
have the fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事
make a fortune 发财
try one’s fortune 碰碰运气
tell one’s fortune 给某人算命
fortunate adj. 幸运的,运气好的
fortunately adv. 幸运地【即学活用】完成句子。
①他们在那个广告上肯定花了一大笔钱。
They must have spent ____________ on that advertisement.
②我在最后一分钟赶上了今天最后一班回家的汽车，真是幸
运。
I ___________________ today’s last bus home at the last
minute. a big fortunewas fortunate to catch③He went back to the hall to try his ______ at finding his lost gold watch, but failed to find it.
A. fortune B. best C. result D. hard
【解析】选A。句意：他回到大厅来碰运气，看能否找到丢失的金表，但却未能找到。try one’s fortune“碰运气”，符合题意。6. die out灭绝；熄灭，绝种
【语境领悟】
①Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die out. 也许是太多的战争使得恐龙绝迹。
②Many old customs are gradually dying out.
许多旧习俗都在日渐消失。【归纳拓展】③The music died away as we closed the door.
由于我们关上了门,音乐声变弱了。
④In the play The Legend of Zhenhuan, the emperor’s wives are dying for his love.
在《甄嬛传》中，皇上的妃子们渴望得到他的宠爱。【即学活用】
If we don’t take steps, the Tibetan antelopes and pandas will ______ some day like dinosaurs, which is quite terrible.
A. die off B. die away
C. die out D. die down
【解析】选C。考查die短语辨析。句意：如果我们再不采取措施，藏羚羊和大熊猫终有一天也会像恐龙一样灭绝，那将是十分可怕的事儿。die out灭绝，绝种，符合题意。die off相继死去；die away(声音等)变弱，渐渐停止；die down渐渐平息。7. throw light on 帮助弄清楚;阐明某事
【语境领悟】
①If you throw light on something you make it easier to understand.
如果你阐明某事,你就会使得它变得更容易理解。
②Recent research has thrown new light on the causes of the disease.
最近的研究新发现了导致这种疾病的原因。【归纳拓展】
come to light/bring. . . to light 为人所知/被披露出来
in(the) light of 借助；根据 (according to/ in
terms of)
light up 照亮；(脸上或眼中)流露出喜
悦/兴奋
③Sometimes you have to walk in the darkness to bring the truth to light.
有时你不得不投入黑暗中，才能让真相大白于天下。【即学活用】完成句子。
①汤姆看到他的新自行车时一定会高兴起来。
Tom will really _______ when he sees his new bike.
②就目前的趋势来看，因特网肯定有光明的未来。
_____________ current trends, the Internet is sure to have a
bright future. light upIn(the) light of8. come straight to the point谈正题；开门见山
【语境领悟】
①Let’s come straight to the point and get down to our business.
让我们开门见山开始我们的正事吧。【归纳拓展】
come to/get to/reach the point 说明重点，直切正题
miss the point 抓不住重点
off the point 不切正题，无关紧要
to the point 切题，中肯
be on the point of. . . when. . . 正要……突然……
when it comes/came to the point 到了关键时刻
There’s no point in doing sth. 做某事没有意义
②When it comes to the point, I am prepared to resign over this. 到了关键时刻，我愿为此辞职。【即学活用】根据语境用point短语填空。
问题是他本应该告诉我他要去哪儿，但是他所说的根本离题
万里。我觉着再听下去也毫无意义。但是，我正想走呢，他
突然简短地说了起来，且句句说到点子上了。
_________ is that he should have told me where he was going,
but what he said was ___________. I felt ________________ in
listening to him. But I was _____________ leaving, when he
spoke briefly and __________. The pointoff the pointthere was no pointon the point ofto the point9. Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of a different colour. 皇室其他的成员也允许穿带有龙标志的衣服，但是爪子比较少而且颜色也不同。【句式分析】
本句中的of a different colour“不同颜色的”，属于“of +名词”结构，多用来表示主语的特征，这类名词没有与其相对应的形容词形式。这类结构的主语可以是人，也可以是物，常用于该结构的名词有kind, age, colour, size, height, shape, type, way, price等。
①Compared with students of the same age in China, American students know little about the world.
与中国同龄的学生相比，美国学生对世界所知甚少。②The twin sisters are of a size and the skirt fits each of them exactly.
双胞胎姐妹的身材一样,这件裙子两个人穿都非常合适。
【归纳拓展】
(be+)of+抽象名词时,相当于其中名词所对应的形容词的意思，说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词有 use, importance, help, value, interest, quality, service, benefit, necessity等。③I don’t want to hear what you are saying. It is of no interest to me. (of no interest=not interesting)
我不想听你说,我对此不感兴趣。
④Coal is of great importance to the development of industry. (of great importance=very important)
煤对工业发展是相当重要的。
【名师点津】形容词前常用very, quite来修饰，而在“of+抽象名词”结构中，名词前常用great, much, some, little, no, any等词来修饰。【即学活用】句式转换。
①The press conference seems very important. →
The press conference seems _________________.
②They are of great help to learners of English. →
They are ___________ to learners of English.
完成句子。
③当我在你这个年龄的时候，我就去打仗了。
When I was __________, I entered the war. of great importancevery helpfulof your age1. evolve vi. 进化；演变;发展或发生
【语境领悟】
①The bright feather of many male birds has evolved to attract females.
很多雄鸟进化出鲜艳的羽毛是为了吸引雌鸟。
②Popular music evolved from folk songs.
流行音乐从民歌演变而来。③Coca-Cola has evolved into more than a one-product company.
可口可乐公司发展成了一个绝非只生产一种产品的公司。
【归纳拓展】
evolve into 发展成为；进化成，演化成
evolve from 从……演变(或进化、发展、发育)而成
evolution n. 进化，演变
④They are part of evolution and evolution is part of nature.
它们是发展的一部分，而发展又是自然的一部分。【即学活用】完成句子。
①The company has ___________ a major chemical works.
这家公司已逐步发展成为一个一流的化工厂。
②Birds are widely believed to have ____________ dinosaurs.
鸟类普遍被认为是从恐龙进化而来的。evolved intoevolved from2. be related to 与……有关(=be connected to/with)
【语境领悟】
①Many people think the monster may be related to Nessie.
许多人认为怪物可能跟尼斯湖水怪有关。
②Unfortunately, crime in Australia is mostly related with/to drugs.
不幸的是，在澳大利亚，犯罪大都与毒品有关。
③Have you studied any courses related to the post you are applying for?
你曾修读与这份工作有关的科目吗？【归纳拓展】
relate. . . to/with 使……有关联/有关系
relate to sb. /sth. 涉及；与……相关；谈到【即学活用】完成句子。
①对家人好是值得的。你一辈子都离不了他们。
It pays to be nice to your family. You’ll always ___________
them.
②出色的教学工作与完善的测试制度密切相关。
Good teaching and good testing ___ closely _______. be related toarerelated3. For a creature that doesn’t actually exist, that’s quite something.
对于一种并不存在的生物，那是非同寻常的。
【句式分析】
这里something 意为“a thing that is thought to be important or worth taking notice of”，即“想来重要(或值得注意)的事物”，还表示出色的人或事物。
①There is something (= some truth or fact or opinion worth considering) in what he says.
他的话不无道理。②It’s quite something (=a thing that you should feel happy about) to have a job at all these days.
现如今，能有份工作就知足了。
③I’ve seen some fine players, but she’s something else.
优秀运动员我见过不少，但她出类拔萃。【即学活用】英译汉。
①You are something.
_____________
②You are nothing.
_______________________
③Theory is something, but practice is everything.
_________________________你真了不起。你一无是处/你一文不值。理论虽重要，实践更重要。4. Why should the dragon have a different character in different parts of the world?
为什么龙在世界不同地区有不同的特征呢？
【句式分析】
why, how, who, what should sb. /sth. do句型中， should常表示拒绝、恼怒或惊讶等，译为“究竟是……；到底”。
①Why should I help him? He’s never done anything for me.
我干嘛要帮助他？他从来没为我做过什么。
②How should I know where you’ve left your bag?
我怎么知道你把包丢到哪里了？③I got on the bus and who should be sitting in front of me but Tony!
我上了公交车，没想到坐在我前面的竟然是Tony！
【归纳拓展】
should还可表示义务或责任、建议或劝告，意为“应该”； should 表示推断时意为“应该”、“可能”；should 用于征求意见时，主要用于第一人称的疑问句形式。
例如：Should I open the window? 我可以打开窗户吗？【即学活用】英译汉。
①Why should you think that way?
___________________
②How should I know?
_______________
③Who should come in but my old friend Betty！
_________________________________________你为什么会那样想？我怎么会知道？我当是谁进来呢，原来是我的老朋友贝蒂呀！④—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
—They ______ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
【解析】选B。考查情态动词should表推测。在四个选项中，A、B和C均表示推测，但A通常不用于肯定句中表示推测，故不宜选；B和C虽均可用于肯定句表示推测，但根据对话情景顾客明天下午要照片，如果店主中午12点还不能把照片冲洗出来，那么生意肯定难做成，所以店主应用肯定语气较强的should(=应该)来回答顾客，而不是用语气较弱的might(=有可能)，即应选B不选C。5. due to因为；因……造成；预定到的；应得的；应给予的
【语境领悟】
①Some experts believe it is due to the animals the myths grew out of.
一些专家认为这些神话故事是由于动物产生的。
②She is due to complete her study and graduate late this year. 她预计今年下半年完成学业。
③Have they received the money due to them?
他们收到应给予他们的那些钱了吗？【归纳拓展】
be due to do sth. /for sth. 预定/计(做)某事
be due for sth. 应有，应得到某物
(be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人
④I’m due for a pay rise soon.
不久就该给我加工资了。
【名师点津】当due to意为“由于；因……造成；应给予”时，其中to是介词，其后常接名词、代词及v. -ing形式。当due to意为“即将/预期做，应该做……”时to为不定式符号，其后常接动词原形。【易混辨析】【即学活用】
It is reported that the accident ______ careless driving, so a lot of money ______ be paid by the driver.
A. was due to；was due to B. due to；was due to
C. is due to；has due to D. is due to；was due to
【解析】选A。考查due的含义。句意：据报道，这次交通事故是由于司机的粗心驾驶造成的，所以应该由司机支付大量的费用。第一空处的due to表示原因；第二空处的be due to do sth. 表示应该做某事。Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2013·临沂高一检测)The newcomers found it impossible to ______ themselves ______ the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.
A. adapt；to B. be used；to
C. adapt；for D. be used；for【解析】选A。句意：这些新来者发现，在这个新国家要完全适应这儿的气候以永久定居下来是不可能的。adapt sth. /oneself to“使某物/人适应……”，符合题意。be used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”。【变式训练】
The government will force companies to ______ any possible measures to reduce air pollution.
A．adjust B．adopt C．adapt D．accept
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府将会强迫公司采用任何可能的措施减少大气污染。adopt采用，符合句意。adjust调整；adapt适应；accept接受。2. The light above the elevator ______ that the elevator was then at the fifteenth floor.
A. suggested B. represented
C. indicated D. symbolized
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：电梯上方的灯指示那时电梯在十五楼。indicate 表明，表示，指向，标志着，代表，示意。suggest 暗示，表明；represent 代表； symbolize 作为……的符号或标志，象征。【变式训练】
(2013·南通高一检测)How badly reform is needed was ______ recently by the rising youth crime rate.
A. suspected B. indicated
C. influenced D. announced
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：年轻人犯罪率的上升表明改革是多么迫切。indicate“表明，表示”。suspect“怀疑”；influence“影响”；announce“宣布”。3. (2013·天津高一检测)I am surprised that a company with such good ______ would produce such poor quality goods.
A．fortune B．reputation
C．population D．evolution
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有那样一个好的声誉的公司竟然生产出那样低劣的产品，我真是感到惊奇。fortune运气;reputation声誉；population人口；evolution进化。4. I like Mr Miner’s speech；it was clear and ______ the point.
A．at B．on C．to D．of
【解析】选C。考查固定搭配。句意：我喜欢Miner先生的演讲，比较清楚、中肯。to the point中肯，切中要害，符合句意。at the point在某一时刻或地点；on the point of. . . (常与when搭配)就要……之时，正要……之际。5. (2013·石家庄高一检测)Stop killing this kind of birds! They ______.
A．are dying out B．are dying down
C．have died out D．have died off
【解析】选A。考查die短语辨析。句意：停止杀害这种鸟！它们快要绝种了。此处用进行时态表示将来。die out灭绝，符合句意。die down(风力等)减弱；die off相继死去。6. —Did you look up the time of trains to Shanghai?
—Yes，the early train is ______ to leave at 5:30 am.
A．likely B．about C．possible D．due
【解析】选D。考查固定搭配。句意：——你查过到上海的火车的时间吗？——查了，早班车预定早上5:30发车。be due to预定，预期做。火车发车的时间应是确定的，不能用A项；be about to do马上要做……；C项，无论从句意还是用法上都不对，possible的主语只能用it。7. Can you tell me how long dinosaurs ______ on the earth before they ______?
A. had existed;disappeared
B. had existed;were disappeared
C. have existed;disappeared
D. have existed;were disappeared
【解析】选A。考查时态。句意：你能告诉我在恐龙消亡之前它们在地球上存在了多久吗？disappear为不及物动词，故无被动语态；再由exist与disappear所发生的先后顺序可知选A项。8. They are ______ different sizes, shapes and materials, but they are exactly the same ______.
A．/;in weight B．of;in weight
C．in;of weight D．of;weights
【解析】选B。考查of+名词。句意：它们大小、形状以及材质各不相同，但重量一样。of different sizes 具有不同的大小；the same in weight 在重量方面相同。9. — We have wasted lots of time chatting here;now we ought to ______.
— OK. Let’s begin.
A．make a deal B．hang up
C．come to the point D．give away
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。第一句句意：我们聊天已经浪费了许多时间了，现在让我们进入正题吧。come to the point 切入正题，符合句意。make a deal 达成协议；hang up 悬挂；give away赠送；暴露；泄密。10. Though the problem was difficult to understand, what he said ______ it.
A. made light of B. threw light on
C. came to light D. saw the light
【解析】选B。句意：尽管这个问题难以理解，但他的话已把它讲得明明白白。throw light on帮助弄清楚，阐明，符合句意；make light of轻视，看不起；come to light披露；see the light看到了希望。 11. The environmentalists said wild goats’ appearance on the vast grasslands was a good ______ of the better environment.
A. escape B. absence
C. attendance D. indication
【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意：环保主义者说大草原上野山羊的出现是环境变好的迹象。indication象征，迹象，符合句意；escape逃跑；absence缺席，不在场；attendance出席，出勤，到场。12. The doctor said that maybe his disease was ______ the water he drank.
A. put up B. taken off
C. given out D. connected with
【解析】选D。be connected with与……有关；put up留宿，举起，张贴；take off起飞，脱衣；give out分发，用尽。13. (2013·德州高一检测)Dear sir, it is so generous ______ you to share your room and food ______ me.
A. of;with B. for;with
C. of;to D. for;to
【解析】选A。考查介词。句意：敬爱的先生，您能把您的房间和食物与我共享，您真是太慷慨了。generous慷慨的，大方的，修饰人，故用句型it is generous of sb. to do sth. ；share sth. with sb. 与某人共享某物。14. It’s ______ to get a satisfying job in the competitive society, so each of us should value what we’ve got.
A. nothing B. anything
C. everything D. something
【解析】选D。考查代词用法。句意：这年头有一份令人满意的工作确实不错,所以我们每个人都应该珍惜所拥有的。something表示“有价值或重要的人或物”。Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 他移居美国后孩子们能很好地适应变化。
When he moved to America, the children __________ the
change very well.
2. 该队的成绩在很大程度上是由于她的出色表现。
The team’s success was largely ______________________ her
excellent performance. adapted to due to/owing to/thanks to3. 他的科学实验阐明了这个问题。
His scientific experiments _____________ the problem.
4. 不要说别的，让我们谈正题。
Don’t say anything else. Let’s ______________________.
5. 当我进来时，他好像正在吃东西。
When I came in，he seemed __________ something. threw light oncome straight to the pointto be eating叙事性记叙文
【互动导学】
◎学生：老师，叙事性记叙文可以从哪几个方面来写呢？
◎老师：一要交代事情发生的时间、地点；二要交代推动事件情节发展的因素；最后要谈一下个人对这件事的感想或想法等。
◎学生：这类作文要以写什么为主呢？ ◎老师：以叙事为主，而写人为辅。
◎学生：也应按照事情发展的时间顺序展开描述吗？
◎老师：对，但有时可以采用倒叙或插叙等。【典题示例】
假设你是李华，请根据以下内容给你在美国的朋友Richard写一封120个词左右的E-mail，向他描述你遇到外星人的经历。
1. 下晚自习后，在回家的路上看见三角形不明飞行物；
2. 从飞行物上走出外星人向你问路；
3. 你给他指明方向，他友好地向你告别。
参考词汇：小巷alley；三角形triangle；外星人alien【审题谋篇】记叙文描述外星人一般过去时第三人称为主，第一人称为辅【词句推敲】
1. 词汇：
①出现 _____________________
②确信 _________________
__________________
③向……微笑 _______
④向某人道别 ___________________________appear;turn up;show upbe sure;make sure;be convinced of/thatsmile atsay goodbye to sb. ;farewell sb.2. 句式：
①I was riding through a small dark alley after evening class,
and suddenly at that time a strong light shone me.
(用when 作并列连词)
__________________________________________________
__________________________I was riding through a small dark alley after evening classwhen a strong light shone me.②Perhaps, with the development of science it will become
obvious whether aliens exist in the world.
(用it is likely that. . . 句型)
It is _____ that whether aliens exist in the world will become
obvious with the development of science.
③Then I found out that it was a triangle flying machine, and
I was sure I had never seen it before.
(用定语从句合并句子)
Then I found out that it was a triangle flying machine
__________ I was sure I had never seen before. likelywhich/that④I didn’t realize what happened until a small yellow creature
with three eyes came out. (改为倒装句式)
_____________________________________________________
______________________Not until a small yellow creature with three eyes came out didI realize what happened.【妙笔成篇】
Dear Richard,
I want to tell you a strange thing. It was cloudy that evening. I was riding through a small dark alley after evening class when a strong light shone me. I tried to see it clearly. Then I found out that it was a triangle flying machine which I was sure I had never seen before. Not until a small yellow creature with three eyes came out did I realize what had happened. The creature looked like the alien in the famousmovie ET. I was not able to say a word. “Is it an alien?” I asked myself. Then the creature asked me how to get to the biology museum. I can’t remember what I said to him, but I remember that he smiled at me, saying goodbye politely.
Do you believe me?I can’t believe my eyes and ears, either. It may sound amazing, but it did happen that evening. Perhaps, with the development of science it will become obvious whether aliens exist in the world.
Yours,
Li Hua课件94张PPT。 Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World
Introduction ＆ Reading and Vocabulary Ⅰ. 速记单词
1. 音意记忆。
(1) ______ (vt. )袭击；攻击
(2) ____ (adj. ) 灰色的
(3) ________ (n. ) 动物；生物
(4) __________ (adj. )神秘的
(5) _____ (vt. )声称attackgreycreaturemysteriousclaim(6) _______ (n. )表面；水面
(7) ____ (vi. )潜水
(8) ________ (adj. )怀疑的；不相信的
(9) _____ (vt. )占地(多大面积)
(10) _______ (n. )杂志；学报；期刊surfacedivescepticalcoverjournal2. 形意记忆。
(1)________ (n. ) 足迹；脚印→fingerprint (n. ) 指纹，指印
(2)_____ (adj. ) 毛的；多毛的→hair (n. ) 头发
(3)__________ (adj. ) 吓人的→_________(adj. )害怕的→
frighten (vt. ) 使惊恐→_____ (n. ) 恐怖；惊吓；可怕的东西
(4)____ (vi. ) 存在→existence (n. ) 存在
(5)_____ (adj. ) 锋利的；尖的→sharpen (vt. ) 使变锋利
(6)_______ (n. ) (珍奇动物等的)目击；发现→sight (n. ) 视力
(7)_______ (adj. ) 不可能的→likely(adj. ) 可能的 footprinthairyfrighteningfrightenedfrightexistsharpsightingunlikelyⅡ. 短语互译
1. (用……)代替…… _________
2. 再次被新闻关注 _________________
3. 声称要做某事 ______________
4. 在……的表面 _______________
5. 不可能做某事 __________________
6. dive into _____
7. stick out _________
8. close up _____
9. be sceptical of/about ___________instead ofbe back in the newsclaim to do sth.on the surface ofbe unlikely to do sth.潜入突出;伸出靠近对……怀疑Ⅲ．完成句子
1. 据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪兽
就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。
The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the
monster, ______________________ in colour, was ten metres
from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. (非
限制性定语从句及seem的用法)which seemed to be black2. 另一个消息来自李小和，当时他正和他的家人在湖边游玩。
______________________Li Xiaohe, ______________________
with his family. (a/an+序数词表示“又一……，再一”)
3. 他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。
He ____________________________________________ quickly
through the water. (不定式的完成式)A third report came fromwho was visiting the lakeclaims to have seen a round black creature moving4. 他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的
动物。
They say that the low-temperature lake __________________
________________________________. (be unlikely to do sth.
的用法)is unlikely to be ableto support such large living creaturesⅣ．语篇填空
根据对文章的理解，完成下列题目。(注意题后的词数限制)
1. How many sightings of the monster does the article report?
______
2. Why Li Xiaohe and his family could see the monster clearly?
(no more than 12 words)
_____________________________________________
3. When was the monster first reported?
____________________________Three.Because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.At the beginning of last century.4. What do many people think of the monster?(no more than
15 words)
________________________________________________
________
5. What is special about Lake Tianchi? (no more than 10
words)
____________________________________They think it might be a distant cousin of the Loch Nessmonster.It’s the highest volcanic lake in the world.【读而后思】
Scientists say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be
able to support such large living creatures. What do you think
of the argument? Please list your reason(s).
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________I don’t agree to the argument. We all know different animalsneed different surroundings, perhaps the “Monster of LakeTianchi” is used to the low-temperature water. We must besceptical about any conclusion until we have solid evidence.1. attack v. 袭击；攻击；(疾病)侵袭
n. 攻击；抨击；病情发作(可数名词)
【语境领悟】
①It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. 它很容易发怒并会攻击任何靠近它的人。
②The baby is in poor health, and it is often attacked with a disease.
婴儿的身体状况很差，经常患病。③The soldiers made a strong attack on the enemy.
战士们向敌人发起猛烈进攻。
④A deputy died of a heart attack during the meeting.
大会期间一名代表因心脏病去世。
【归纳拓展】
attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻击某人
be attacked with a disease 患病
make an attack on 攻击
under attack 受到攻击
a heart attack 心脏病突发【即学活用】完成句子。
①她开始用一块木头猛打进屋行窃的小偷。
She started _________ the burglar with a piece of wood.
②我们又一次遭到敌人战斗机的袭击。
Once again we came ______ ______ from the enemy’s fighter
planes. attackingunderattack③If you were ______ in the street, would you be able to defend yourself?
A. destroyed B. attacked
C. advised D. killed
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在街上遭遇袭击的话，你能够保护自己吗？attack“进攻，攻击”，与题意相符。destroy“毁掉”；advise“建议”；kill“杀死”，均不符合后面的语境。2. claim vt. 声称；(根据权利)要求；认领
vi. 要求；声称
n. (根据权利而提出的)要求；索赔；主张；断言
【语境领悟】
①Xue Junlin,a local photographer, claimed that its head looked like a horse.
薛军林,一位当地的摄影师,声称那个怪兽的头看起来像马。
②She claimed to have ever been met by the president.
＝She claimed that she had ever been met by the president.
她宣称曾被总统接见过。③It is claimed that soap powders pollute the water we drink.
据说肥皂粉污染我们的饮用水。
④They made a claim for the stolen luggage from the insurance.
他们在行李被偷后向保险公司提出索赔要求。【归纳拓展】【即学活用】完成句子。
①他们声称已经发现了治疗此病的一种药物，但此事尚未得
到证实。
They claimed _______________________________________ a
cure for the disease, but this had not yet been proved.
②有人认领这个钱包吗？
Has anyone ______________ this purse?
③要求他赔偿2 000美元的损失。
__________________________ for damage. to have discovered/that they have discoveredmade a claim toClaim 2,000 dollars from him3．calm adj. 平静的；镇静的
v. (使)平静；(使)镇定
【语境领悟】
①You should keep calm even in the face of danger.
即使面临危险, 你也应当保持镇静。
②Her attempts to calm them down only made matters worse.
她设法使他们平静下来, 不料却适得其反。
【归纳拓展】
keep calm 保持镇静
calm down 平静下来;镇静下来【易混辨析】【即学活用】用calm/quiet/still/silent填空。
When facing danger, we should keep _____;when taken photos,
we should keep ____;when someone else is asleep, we should
keep _____;but in class, we shouldn’t keep _____ about the
teacher’s questions.
我们面对危险时应保持镇静；照相时要保持不动；当其他人
睡觉时应保持安静；但是在课堂上，对老师的问题不应保持
沉默。calmstillquietsilent4. cover vt. 占地多大(面积)
【语境领悟】
①It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres.
它大约有2 189米高，占地约10平方千米。
②She covered her face with her hands. 她双手掩面。
③I’ll send our best reporters to cover the 2016 Olympic Games.
我要派我们最优秀的记者去采访2016年奥运会。④We covered about 30 miles a day.
我们每天大约走三十英里。
【归纳拓展】【即学活用】
—Do you have enough money to ______ all your daily expenses?
—Oh yes,enough and to spare.
A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer
【解析】选A。问句句意：你有足够的钱来支付你所有的日常开销吗？cover“支付”，符合句意。spend“花费”；fill“填充”；offer“给予”。5. exist vi. 存在；在逆境中生活
【语境领悟】
①Some people in some poor countries receive wages that allow them to exist but not to live.
有些贫困国家的人民的收入只能勉强维持生计。
②Uncertainty and confusion began to exist in the company.
不确定性和混乱在公司里开始产生。
③It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.
他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。【归纳拓展】
exist in 存在于……
exist on 靠……生存
existence n. 存在； 生存
come into existence 出现；产生
④When did the world come into existence?
世界是什么时候产生的?【即学活用】同义词替换。
①I can hardly exist on the wage I’m getting.
______
②When did the earth come into existence?
______________
③There is nothing _______ (存在的) that is unchanging. live oncome into beingexisting6. dive vi. 潜水，跳水
【语境领悟】
①After three or four hundred metres it dived into the water. 大约游了三四百米后它就扎进水里了。
②He who would search for pearls must dive below.
欲寻珍珠,须潜水下。
③You dive in first and test the temperature of the water.
你先跳下水试试水温。
④The competitors will dive off the highest board.
参赛者将从最高的跳板上跳水。⑤The policeman made a dive for the dropped weapon.
警察扑向掉下的武器。
【归纳拓展】
dive into 跳入；钻研，埋头于
dive in 头朝下跳入水中；开始大吃
dive for 潜水寻找……；扑向
dive off 从……跳水/跳下
make a dive for 向……冲去【即学活用】
She dived ______ her bag and took out a couple of coins.
A. for B. in C. into D. off
【解析】选C。考查固定搭配。句意：她立即将手伸进包里拿出几枚硬币。 dive into one’s bag(非正式)迅速将手伸入(包或口袋里)。7. unlikely adj. 不可能的
【语境领悟】
①They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.
他们说,水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。
②It’s too late. He is unlikely to come.
太晚了。他不可能来了。
③It is unlikely that he’ll come to help us.
他不可能来帮助我们。【归纳拓展】
(sb. / sth. )be unlikely/likely to do sth.
不可能/可能做某事
It is/was unlikely /likely that. . . 不可能/可能……【即学活用】完成句子。
①史蒂芬·霍金认为地球不可能是仅有的一个有生命逐渐发展
的行星。
Stephen Hawking believes that the earth ______________ the
only planet where life has developed gradually. is unlikely to be②(2010·陕西高考)Studies show that people are more ______ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure
【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意：研究表明,如果长时间坐在电脑显示屏前，人的背部很可能出毛病。likely作表语时，主语既可以是人，也可以是物或it，而possible，probable作表语时，主语一般不能是人，因此排除B、C两项；sb. be sure to do sth. 意为“某人一定会做某事”，语气上太绝对，不符合句意。故选A。8. stick out 伸出；醒目；坚持
【语境领悟】
①When the Maoris of New Zealand stick out their tongue at someone, it is a sign of respect.
当新西兰的毛利人对某人伸舌头时是尊敬的表示。
②What had Cutter done to make him stick out from the crowd?卡特做了些什么，让他从众人之中脱颖而出？
【归纳拓展】
stick out for 坚持要求，坚持索取【即学活用】根据语境填空。
①不要把头伸到火车窗外面。
Don’t _____ your head ___ of the train window.
②工人们坚决要求提高工资，决心不达到他们的要求决不罢
休。
The workers ________ for higher wage, and they are
determined to ________ until they get their demands. stickoutstick outstick out9. be back in the news 再次成为新闻
【语境领悟】
①The “Monster of Lake Tianchi” in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province, northeast China, is back in the news after several recent sightings.
最近几次露面后，中国东北吉林省长白山的“天池怪物”再次成为新闻话题。【归纳拓展】
on the news 在广播或电视新闻中
in the news 成为新闻, 为报纸所报道
break the news to sb. 委婉地把坏消息告诉(某人)
It is news to sb. 某人还不知道
②China’s Shenzhou-X manned spacecraft flight to space was on the news at the moment.
新闻上正报道着中国“神舟”十号飞天的事。
③You must break the news of his mother’s death gently.
你一定要委婉地把他母亲去世的消息告诉他。【即学活用】英译汉。
①No news, good news. (=No news is good news. )
[谚] _____________________
②Bad news has wings.
[谚] _______________________
③It is completely news to me that he has a wife.
他有太太？_____________________。没有消息,就是好消息。好事不出门,坏事传千里。这对我来说可真是新闻④If the journalist finds out the truth, the story will be ______ the news immediately.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
【解析】选A。考查介词。句意：如果记者发现了事实真相，这事马上就成为新闻了。be in the news成为新闻，符合句意。10. close up 靠近；靠拢；(使)关店；(使)闭合；(使)堵住；<非正式>沉默
【语境领悟】
①There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century, although no one has seen one close up.
自上世纪以来，一直就有关于天池怪物的报道，尽管还不曾有人近距离目睹过。②The teacher told the children to close up to each other.
老师让学生们互相靠拢些。
③The summer house has been closed up all year.
这座消夏别墅关了整整一年。
④And make it short, because it is time to close up.
简短地说，正是因为快到停业时间了。【即学活用】根据语境推测close up的含义。
①He closed up the mouth of the pipe. ( )
②I wonder why he closed up when you asked him. ( )
③The grocery is closed up for the night. ( )
④If you children closed up a bit, there’d be room for another
one on this seat. ( )堵住闭口不答关门靠紧11. He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。
【句式分析】
句中的to have seen是不定式的完成式,表示该动作在句中谓语动词claim前已经发生并完成。
①A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。②You’d better tell your father the truth. He seemed to have known the matter.
你最好告诉你父亲事情的真相。他好像知道这件事了。
③My brain doesn’t seem to be working well today.
我的脑筋今天好像不太灵活。【易混辨析】
不定式通常有一般式、进行式、完成式三种形式:【即学活用】用所给动词的适当形式填空。
①In the e-mail, I wrote, “I expect _____ you, my old friend. ”
(see)
②He seemed ____________ a novel when I came into the
classroom. (read)
③Bob isn’t performing. He is said __________ the stage, as he
has become an officer. (leave) to seeto be readingto have left12. The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.
据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪兽就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。【句式分析】(2)seem用法一览表。
(to be)+形容词/名词 好像……，似乎……
seem to do sth. 好像要做，似乎要做某事
like+名词 像……，似乎是
It seems(to sb. )that. . . (在某人看来)好像……，
仿佛……
It seems as if (as though). . . 看样子似乎是……
There seems to be. . . 似乎有……①The green leaves seemed more beautiful after the rain.
绿叶在雨后显得更美了。
②He seems to know everything. = It seems that he knows everything. 他似乎什么都知道。
③It seems like years since we last met.
我们似乎好几年不见了。
④It seems (that) he is lying. = He seems to be lying.
看样子他好像在撒谎。【即学活用】
The engine just won’t start. Something seems ______ wrong with it.
A. to go B. to have gone
C. going D. having gone
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词中的不定式。句意：发动机发动不起来了，似乎出问题了。seem之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么样了”，不接doing；其次，出问题是发生在seem之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。1. claw n. [C] 爪
【语境领悟】
①It is tall and has a grey face and long claws instead of hands.
它高大且有张灰色的脸,并有着长长的爪子而不是手。
②He was totally in his boss’ claws.
他完全被他的上司所控制。
③Wait until the media gets its claws into her.
等着媒体来严厉批驳她吧。【归纳拓展】
get your claws into sb. 死死缠住；严厉批评
【巧学助记】【即学活用】完成句子。
①He was biting his _____ in his nervousness.
他在紧张时咬着他的指甲。
②The cat scratched my arm with its ____.
猫用爪子抓我的手臂。nailsclaw2. frightening adj. 吓人的
【语境领悟】
①The Grey Man is a frightening creature that lives in Scotland.
灰人是生活在苏格兰的一种可怕的生物。【归纳拓展】
(1)frightened adj. 受惊的；害怕的(常指人
内心的感受)
be frightened at 对……感到恐惧/害怕
be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事
be frightened to death 被吓得要死
(2)frighten v. (使)惊恐
frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓唬某人做某事
frighten sb. out of doing sth. 吓得某人不敢做某事②He was frightened at the thought of his coming examination.
一想到即将来到的考试他心里就害怕。
③They’re frightened of losing power.
他们害怕失去权力。
④When he saw the bear in the forest he was frightened to death. 当他在森林里看见熊时，他被吓坏了。【易混辨析】 【巧学助记】 形象记忆“frighten”
The frightening monster frightened
the man, making him feel very
frightened.
那个可怕的怪物使那个人受到惊
吓，使他觉得非常害怕。【想一想】类似用法的词还有哪些？举出至少四个例子。
【参考答案】
surprised/surprising; excited/exciting;
interested/interesting; puzzled/puzzling;
disappointed/disappointing; tired/tiring【即学活用】
①玛丽吓得不敢告诉家人那令人害怕的一幕，因为那一幕快
把她吓死了。
Mary was too _________ to tell her family the __________
scene because it _________ her __ _____. frightenedfrighteningfrightenedtodeath②When he heard the ______ news that an earthquake occurred in Ya’an, a ______ look came into his face.
A. frightened;frightened
B. frightened;frightening
C. frightening;frightening
D. frightening;frightened
【解析】选D。句意：当他听到雅安发生地震这个令人可怕的消息的时候，一种(感到)害怕的表情出现在他的脸上。frightening令人害怕的，修饰名词news，表示news的性质特征；frightened 感到害怕的，修饰名词look。故选D项。3. sceptical adj. 怀疑的；不相信的
【语境领悟】
①Scientists, however, are sceptical.
然而， 科学家们对此表示怀疑。
②Netizens were rather sceptical about/of that girl’s sympathy for the poor.
那个女孩声称同情穷人, 网友对此有些怀疑。【归纳拓展】
be sceptical about/of sth. 怀疑某事
sceptic n. [C]持怀疑态度的人；怀疑论者【即学活用】根据语境完成句子。
①孔子既不相信当时的宗教观，也不相信超自然的神力。
Confucius did not accept the religious ideas of his times, and
______________ the supernatural. was sceptical of②We are rather ______ about the sympathy he claims to have for the poor because he is mean with his money.
A．optimistic B．positive
C．sceptical D．cautious
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们非常怀疑他声称的对穷人的同情，因为在钱的方面他非常吝啬。optimistic乐观的；positive 积极的；sceptical怀疑的；cautious小心的。be sceptical about sth. 对某事怀疑。故选C。4. A third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting the lake with his family. 另一个消息来自李小和，当时他正和他的家人在湖边游玩。
【句式分析】
who引导非限制性定语从句修饰Li Xiaohe;a third意为“另一个，再一个”，相当于another。在英语中,“不定冠词+序数词”表示“再一，又一”。①He tried a second time only to fail again.
他又试了一次，竟然还是失败。
②The wonderful article is worth reading a second time, and a third, and a fourth.
好的文章值得你一读再读，反复深思体会。【即学活用】
(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)He missed ______ gold in the high jump, but will get ______ second chance in the long jump.
A. the;the B. /；a C. the;a D. a;/
【解析】选C。考查冠词的用法。句意：他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌，但是，在跳远比赛中他还有一次(获得金牌的)机会。gold在表示“金子、黄金”的意思时，是物质名词，不可数，但是表示“金牌”的意思时，为可数名词。第一个空表示的是大家都知道的跳高比赛中的那块金牌，所以用the；第二个空用a second表示“又一、再一”。故选C。 Ⅰ. 根据提示写出符合题意的最佳答案
1. The Roman Empire ______ (存在) for several centuries.
2. The enemy ________ (进攻) on the left flank(左翼).
3. He was _________ (胆战心惊) at the thought of his huge
debts.
4. When he moved to Canada,the children _______ (适应) to
the change very well. existedattackedfrightenedadapted5. Fishermen and sailors sometimes _____(声称) to have seen
monsters in the sea.
6. He was _____(平静的)when I told him the bad news. claimcalmⅡ. 完成句子
1. 当我离开时，他好像正在睡觉。
When I left, he _______ __ ___ ________.
2. 他不可能在如此短的时间内把书还给我。
__ __ _______ ____ he can return my book within such a short
time.
3. 尽管前两次都失败了，汤姆又试了一次。
In spite of the first two failures, Tom _____ __ _____ ____. seemedtobesleepingItisunlikelythattriedathirdtime4. 最近教师的提升和待遇再次成为新闻话题。
These days, promotions and benefits for teachers _____ _____
_____ __ ___ _____.
5. 自从他离开我后，他一直在国外。
He ___ _____ _______ ever since he parted from me. havebeenbackinthenewshasbeenabroadⅢ. 单项填空
1. —What do you think of the grammar book?
—Oh, it really is ______ useful reference book, which is worth reading ______ second time.
A．a；a B．a；the C．an；a D．the；the
【解析】选A。考查冠词。第一个空应用不定冠词表示“一本有用的参考书”，并且useful是以辅音音素开头，所以选不定冠词a；第二个空应用不定冠词表示“值得再读一遍”。2. China Daily sent many journalists to ______ the election campaign.
A．cover B．interview
C．write D．represent
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：《中国日报》派了很多记者去报道选举活动。cover采访，报道某事；interview采访某人，不符合句意。3. —My God,I’m getting late again. What will my boss say?
—Try to keep ______, and we’ll think of a good excuse.
A．still B．calm C．quiet D．alive
【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。答句句意：镇定下来，我们会想出一个好的理由。still“静止的，不动的”，强调不运动；calm“镇定的”，强调不激动，从容不迫；quiet“安静的”，强调不弄出声音；alive“活着的”。4. The ______ girl sat in the corner, ______.
A．frightening;crying B．frightening;to cry
C．frightened;crying D．frightened;to cry
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。frightened“感到害怕的”，作定语修饰the girl，而crying在句子中作伴随状语。5. There is a newspaper article ______ the Prime Minister.
A. attacked B. attacks
C. attack D. attacking
【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：报纸上有一篇抨击首相的文章。There be句型中，报纸文章与attack间应为主动关系，故用其-ing形式。这里attack意为“抨击”。【变式训练】
The reporter heard the news that a Northeast tiger ______ people suddenly.
A. attacked B. attacks
C. attack D. attacking
【解析】选A。句意：那个记者听说了一只东北虎突然袭击人的新闻。根据主从句时态一致原则，可知用一般过去时。这里attack意为“袭击，攻击”。6. (2013·北京高一检测)Another primary school is reported ______ for children in Wenchuan.
A．to have been built B．to have built
C．being built D．to be building
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道又给汶川的孩子们建了一所小学。此句是“It’s reported that another primary school has been built for children in Wenchuan. ”的另外一种表达形式。7. —Which team is ______ to win the game in tomorrow’s Euro Cup?
—In my opinion, it is ______ for Germany to win.
A. probable;likely B. possible;probable
C. likely;probable D. likely;possible
【解析】选D。考查形容词。句意：——在明天的欧洲杯比赛中哪支球队很可能赢得比赛？——在我看来，德国队很可能获胜。当主语为表示“人”的词时，表语只能用形容词likely，不能使用possible或probable，be likely to do sth. 意为“很可能做某事”； possible可以用于句型It is possible (for sb. ) to do sth. 中。【知识拓展】likely/possible/probable用法辨析
(1)likely是表语形容词，意为“很可能的”，常用结构是be likely to do sth. ，主语是人或物，但不能用于句型It’s likely for sb. to do sth. 中，而可以用于It’s likely that. . . 句型中。
(2)possible也是表语形容词，表示有客观存在的可能性，但是实际上的可能性很小。常用句式有：It’s possible (for sb. ) to do sth. 和It’s possible that. . . 。
(3)probable语气比possible强，强调有根据，表示有很大的可能性，它的主语不能是人，也不能是不定式结构。常用在It’s probable that. . . 句型中。8. He is determined to ______ the race even if he finishes last.
A. stick out B. put out
C. stand out D. give out
【解析】选A。句意：即使跑最后一名，他也坚持一定要跑完。stick out坚持，突出；伸出；符合句意。put out 扑灭；stand out显著；give out 分发；放出；用尽。9. In order to have a clear look at the tiger, the reporter came ______ to it slowly and carefully.
A. closely B. close C. closed D. closes
【解析】选B。考查close和closely的区别。句意：为了看清老虎，那名记者小心翼翼地慢慢靠近。close用作副词时，指距离“近”；closely用作副词，表抽象意义，“紧密地”。come close to固定短语，“接近，靠近”。10. The young girl claimed ______ the robber in the street yesterday.
A. to see B. seeing
C. to have seen D. saw
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意：那个年轻女孩声称昨天在大街上看见那名劫匪了。claim to do. . . 声称……。分析句子知see动作发生在claim之前，所以用to have seen，故C项正确。 11. The custom of arranged marriages still ______ in many parts of China.
A. exists B. appears C. lives D. lies
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中国的许多地方包办婚姻的传统仍然存在。exist存在，符合句意。appear出现；live生活；lie位于。 12. They promise that they will finish the project in a month，but I remain ______ about their claim.
A．optimistic B．concerned
C．mysterious D．sceptical
【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意：他们许下诺言说一个月内完成工程，但我对此仍表示怀疑。optimistic乐观的；concerned关心的；mysterious神秘的；sceptical怀疑的。由but一词可知“我对他们的话感到怀疑”，故选D项。13. —What did you see in the show?
—The magician made his assistant ______.
A. disappear B. disappearing
C. disappears D. disappeared
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。答语句意：那个魔术师把他的助手变消失了。答语用了make sb. /sth. +动词原形，其中动词原形作宾语补足语。14. That’s really bad. You ______ the bus, but you were not in a hurry.
A. could catch B. had caught
C. could have caught D. would catch
【解析】选C。句意：真是太糟糕了。你本能赶上公交车的，但你当时并不着急。此处要用could have done表示本来能做某事而实际上没有做。15. — We’d like you to start work tomorrow if possible.
— I’m sorry, but I can’t possibly start until Monday. ______?
A．Do you agree with me
B．Is that a good idea
C．Do you think I’m right
D．Will that be all right
【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意：——如果可能的话，我们想要你明天开始工作。——很抱歉。可能周一能开始。那样行吗？Will that be all right? 意为“那样好吗？”符合句意。A项意为“你同意我所说的话吗？”；B项意为“那是个好主意吗？”C项意为“你认为我是正确的吗？”，均不符合句意。
