外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics单元基础巩固（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics单元基础巩固（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-23 15:55:06 | ||
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Unit 4 Everyday economics
一、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
A
When you don't have a car and need to get around, are you more likely to call an Uber or Lyft, or a cab Last Friday, Lyft—a ride-sharing company, went public as its stocks(股票) started trading on the market. Lyft has become the first big initial public offering of the "gig economy" age. While the company is not making profits yet, it is changing the meaning of work. What is "gig economy" and what makes it so appealing
Gig work is independent contracts(合同) or part-time jobs such as Uber drivers. In the "gig economy", companies hire independent contractors instead of full-time employees. This is different from traditional companies where full-time workers hold a lifetime career. In the past, only small companies hired contractors, while today, employers like Amazon rely on the temporary workforce. These companies save costs as they are not legally required to provide healthcare benefits, retirement savings or paid time off for gig workers.
Gig work appeals to different people for different reasons. For some, it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for full-time jobs, it provides a source of income to support themselves. Some people work a full-time job and supplement their salary with gig jobs such as driving for Uber or Lyft.
Joining the "gig economy" may be simple, but maintaining a steady career is easier said than done. Gig work comes with unsteady pay and workloads. You're your own boss. It sounds fun, but when you have no self-control and an unsteady job, you might splurge all your money the first week and live on bread pieces for the rest of the month! Besides a strong sense of responsibility, gig workers have to stay up to date to get companies to hire them.
Despite the challenges gig workers face, nearly 60 million Americans are part of this workforce. As this number grows, we have to see how society and companies adapt to this new world of work!
1. What can be learnt about Lyft from the first paragraph
A. It has built up a large fortune.
B. It marks the arrival of the "gig economy" age.
C. It makes a difference to the meaning of work.
D. It appeals to people as a means of public transport.
2. Who are most likely to become gig workers
A. People seeking for a steady income.
B. Those eager to get paid vacations.
C. People in need of flexible working hours.
D. Those concerned about retirement accounts.
3. What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Spend money freely. B. Deposit money automatically.
C. Earn money quickly. D. Save money rationally.
4. What is the message mainly conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Gig workers have to face potential challenges.
B. Gig workers have difficulty finding work.
C. Gig companies will solve the job problems.
D. Gig companies will force people to change.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Smartwatches and fitness trackers have gained popularity recently. These tools can record your daily steps and heart rates. (1) If yes, it might be a sign that you're addicted to your smartwatch or fitness tracker.
(2) If you keep setting unrealistic daily goals that involve working out for too long, and if you begin to ignore friends and responsibilities to make time for your workout, then you're most probably addicted to your fitness tracker.
It's a struggle to overcome the addiction to fitness trackers. (3) For example, the number in your fitness tracker showing how far you've come can give you a sense of achievement.
Of course, failing to meet your daily goal can be frustrating. You might focus on your shortcomings(缺点) rather than your progress. Another problem is that you might find yourself paying too much attention to the step number rather than how your body feels. (4)
Therefore, if you're spending too much time looking at your smartwatch, limit your daily step count to a comfortable level. (5) For example, concentrating on your hobbies or socializing with friends can be a great way to keep your mind on other things.
A. Don't overuse your smartwatch.
B. It doesn't convey what you're really feeling.
C. After all, reaching a daily step count can be so appealing.
D. How can you tell whether you're addicted to your fitness tracker
E. Actually, this addiction to the step count can be risky, mentally and physically.
F. However, do you find yourself checking your steps and heart rates too often
G. Besides. you can focus on other things to avoid checking your smartwatch.
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
6. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
7. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
8. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
9. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
"I have no idea what to get you this New Year," my husband Larry said. I responded with a knowing smile as the same (10) to me in finding him something. Although we (11) remembering each other on holidays, we had reached the (12) in lives where we didn't need more things. Actually, we were (13) , clearing out and getting rid of unneeded stuff. Then an online article about schools having to turn away some children from receiving (14) for they had no money to pay (15) me. "Let's each give money to the school as our presents," I said, (16) the article with Larry. "Great idea. It's also a (17) to pay it forward," Larry smiled.
When our children were small, Larry and I were (18) , losing sources of income. During the hard time, we (19) to pay any bill. It wasn't easy for us to ask for help, as we'd been brought up on principles of (20) . Someone then offered a hand.
I visited our local elementary school, and explained we'd like to help children who couldn't (21) their lunches. The lady taking charge looked first (22) and then pleased. She accepted our gift of cash with thanks. "This will (23) so many children," she said.
(24) there weren't as many presents as before in our room, but it was one of our best New Years.
10. A. related B. returned C. applied D. appealed
11. A. admitted B. liked C. stood D. missed
12. A. stage B. end C. edge D. agreement
13. A. passing down B. handing out C. cutting back D. laying off
14. A. support B. education C. books D. meals
15. A. attracted B. changed C. benefited D. confused
16. A. analyzing B. praising C. sharing D. commenting
17. A. reminder B. chance C. promise D. reason
18. A. jobless B. careless C. tireless D. fearless
19. A. regretted B. intended C. refused D. failed
20. A. independence B. generosity C. responsibility D. insistence
21. A. cook B. choose C. reserve D. afford
22. A. interested B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
23. A. make room for B. take pity on
C. take the place of D. make a difference to
24. A. Probably B. Obviously C. Generally D. Hopefully
四、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
25.
make ends meet; take off; at the expense of; start out; be relevant to; rent out; interfere with; go into debt;
(1) Green development is different from the conventional one which develops the economy __________ the environment.
(2) He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the job advertisement, because barely could he __________.
(3) Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in social events, provided that those events do not ______ ____ their studies.
(4) Some villagers __________ their place to visitors, from which they can get a slice of the tourism industry's cake.
(5) Most college freshmen who __________ because of using campus loans lacked financial knowledge and self-protection awareness.
(6) Many college graduates __________ in low-level jobs with low starting salaries, while some made great achievements several years later.
五、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
26. Shenzhen's unmanned subway Line 20, which can run ______ (automatic), is expected to be put into operation this year.
27. In recent years, China's online shops ______ (hire) social media influencers to help promote their products via livestreaming.
28. He made up his mind ______ (accumulate) many happy experiences so that when he retired he could look back on his life with satisfaction.
pared with other areas, this prosperous city has a ______ (finance) environment that is more favorable to innovation.
30. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, ______ (exceed) the expected number of 12,000.
31. You are to meet with ______ (frustrate) in the pursuit of success but through greater effort your dream will definitely come true.
32. It is not permissible for employers to discriminate ______ women and be in favour of men.
33. The ability to persevere despite ______ (obstacle) and setbacks is the quality people most admire.
六、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
34. Zhang Yue once paid little attention (1) roses even though she grew up with them. It was only after graduating from university overseas that Zhang decided to return to her hometown and grow roses, (2) surprised many people. So far she (3) (overcome) a number of obstacles in nursing her business to the success it is today. After she went on TV, a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing (4) (purchase) her product and help with its distribution, which helped her earn the locals' trust. "Now my product is one of the best in Asia. This year, I can pay all my fellow workers (5) decent bonus," says Zhang, now the chairwoman of Rose Valley Co., Ltd.
Zhang is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start-up bug. An increasing number of (6) (enterprise) young people are thinking of starting their own businesses. The majority meet with rejection while a few, like Zhang Yue, (7) (be) lucky enough to get investment and the all-important input and support. Though (8) (welcome) the new entrepreneurial spirit, she advises that people be realistic and seek professional (9) (guide) before rushing into things. "What (10) (real) matters is a sound business plan, access to capital, and good management and negotiating skills," she says.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
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(10)
35. Stephon Sanders is like any other teenager. He loves basketball, hanging out with friends and playing video games. But the rising eighth-grade student has turned his love of gaming into a (1) (success) business. He started Street Gamez, a mobile gaming business (2) allows kids like himself to become entrepreneurs.
Stephon (3) (come) up with the idea for a mobile video gaming business after his mom asked (4) (he) what he wanted for his birthday. Before his mom made an investment in the business, Stephon raised money (5) his own.
"He started a GoFundMe, he did yard work, he sold popcorn, and he raised about $ 2,500," Stephon's mom said. "He really believes in the business. He doesn't realize that he is considered (6) (be) a role model, because of his decisions. He, (7) (honest) doesn't let the business stop him from (8) (enjoy) his youth. He amazes me!"
"I believe Street Gamez can grow (9) (big) than I imagined," said Stephon. He recently spoke to a local business class in Tampa about his starting a business at such (10) young age. He said that he didn't want to just play the game and that he wanted to change it.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
36. Puberty is the p______ of life when the youth leave childhood and head into adulthood, which is a significant process.
37. Judging from what he had done, the decision he made was based on emotion rather than r______ thought.
38. Demand for a consumer product depends on the incomes of buyers, their s______ preferences, and the prices of competing products.
39. As the old saying goes, "Friendship doubles your joys and divides your ______ (悲伤事)."
40. China has lifted all rural residents out of poverty, ______ (由此) meeting the target of eliminating extreme poverty.
41. Taking out travel insurance may seem an unnecessary ______ (费用), but it is a must.
八、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）
42. 在线支付使人们为他们购买的商品付款更加容易。这就是它被如此多的人使用的原因。（that's why）
Online payment makes it easier for people to pay for the goods they buy. 。
43. 只有通过相互倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。（强调句型）
______ problems between parents and children can be settled.
44. 通常是这样的，有梦想的人会努力克服任何困难去实现自己的梦想。(as）
__________, a man who can dream will try hard to overcome any difficulties to realize his dream.
45. 人类比动物占优势，因为他们可以把语言当作一种交流工具。(superior)
__________, for they can use language as a tool to communicate.
46. 学校应该是充满生机的地方，在这里学生被激励去发挥他们最大的潜能。(potential)
Schools should be lively places where students are inspired to __________.
47. 这位老师鼓励学生跳出框框思考，这能帮助他们改变传统的思维方式。（定语从句；conventional）
The teacher encourages students to think outside the box, ______________________________.
48.
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter了解到人工智能在中国被广泛应用，请你为他详细介绍一下应用场景。
Dear Peter,
I'm happy to hear from you. (1) (正如你已经了解的), artificial intelligence is now widely used in China. (2) (不是带现金) in their wallets, people can simply go out with their smart phones and scan a OR code to pay for a meal, shop in supermarkets or (3) (乘坐公共交通工具).
Here I'd like to share with you (4) (我所经历的) during the week-long National Day holiday. When traveling, (5) (我们对……感到惊奇) the changes and convenience brought by artificial intelligence. First of all, (6) (无论我们去何地), we could use the mobile payment. (7) (更重要的是), we no longer had to get into tourist attractions with the ID card and we could do it through (8) (一款人脸识别应用) now, which really saved time (9) (因此我们不必排队等候). What an amazing experience!
I do hope you can come to China and experience all of this (10) (当你有空的时候). Looking forward to your coming.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】1. 本文介绍了一种新的职业经济模式——零工经济，即人人都可以成为自己的老板。
根据第一段中的While the company is not making profits yet, it is changing the meaning of work.（虽然公司还没有盈利，但它正在改变工作的意义。）可知，Lyft正在改变工作的意义，故选C。
2. 根据第三段中的For some, it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for full-time jobs, it provides a source of income to support themselves.（对于一些人来说，它提供了灵活的时间安排，对于其他正在寻找全职工作的人来说，它提供了一个收入来源来养活自己。）可知，需要弹性工作时间的人最有可能成为gig workers。故选C。
3. 根据画线词后的and live on bread pieces for the rest of the month!（这个月剩下的时间都靠面包片过活！）可推测，splurge意为“乱花钱”，在之后的日子里只能靠面包片生活。故A项意思与之最相近。故选A。
4. 根据最后一段中的As this number grows, we have to see how society and companies adapt to this new world of work!（随着这个数字的增长，我们必须看到社会和公司如何适应这个新的工作世界！）可推知，随着“零工经济”公司的兴起，人们应该适应新的工作趋势。故选D。
5~9.【答案】F、D、C、E、G
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文指出了人们对智能手表和健身追踪器上瘾的现象，分析了其原因以及对精神和身体造成的影响，并给出了一些摆脱这一状况的建议。
根据下一句If yes, it might be a sign that you're addicted to your smartwatch or fitness tracker.（如果是，那可能是你对健身追踪器上瘾的迹象。）以及上一句These tools can record your daily steps and heart rates.（这些工具可以记录你每天的步数、心率等）可知，此句是一个疑问句，且此处内容与查看步数和心率有关，选项 F（然而，你是否发现自己过于频繁地查看自己的步数和心率？）符合题意。故选F。
2. 根据下文If you keep setting unrealistic daily goals that involve working out for too long, and if you begin to ignore friends and responsibilities to make time for your workout, then you're most probably addicted to your fitness tracker.（如果你总是设定不切实际的日常目标，包括锻炼太长时间，如果你开始忽视朋友和责任，腾出时间来锻炼，那么你很可能对你的健身追踪器上瘾了。）可知，此句位于段首，且此处内容与怎么判断你有可能对健身追踪器上瘾有关，选项D（你怎么知道你是否对你的健身追踪器上瘾了呢？）符合题意。故选D。
3. 根据下一句For example, the number in your fitness tracker showing how far you've come can give you a sense of achievement.（例如，智能手表上显示你已经走了多远的数字可以给你一种成就感。）可知，此处内容与查看每天走了多少步是有吸引力的有关，选项C（毕竟，每天走多少步是很有吸引力的。）符合题意。故选C。
4. 根据上文you might find yourself paying too much attention to the step number rather than how your body feels.（你可能会关注你的缺点而不是进步。另一个问题是，你可能会发现自己过于关注步数，而不是你的身体感觉。）可知，此句位于段末，且此处内容与对步数上瘾会给精神上和身体上都会带来影响有关，选项E（事实上，这种对步数的上瘾在精神上和身体上都是有风险的。）符合题意。故选E。
5. 根据下一句For example, concentrating on your hobbies or socializing with friends can be a great way to keep your mind on other things.（例如，专注于你的爱好或与朋友的社交活动是让你把注意力放在其他事情上的好方法。）可知，此处内容与做一些与检查健身追踪器无关的事情有关，选项G（此外，你还可以找到其他不需要检查健身追踪器的事情。）符合题意。故选G。
10~24.【答案】C、B、A、C、D、A、C、B、A、D、A、D、B、D、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文讲述了作者夫妇在新年来临之际，决定不再给对方买礼物。他们想到了一个有意义的方式，就是帮助在学校买不起午餐的孩子。
句意：我会意地笑了笑，也不知道给他准备什么礼物。A.related联系；B.returned返回；归还；C.applied应用；D.appealed呼吁。根据上文中的I have no idea what to get you和下文中的to me in finding him something可知，作者和她丈夫一样，不知道给对方准备什么礼物。apply to sb.表示“对……适用”。C项符合语境。故选C。
2. 句意：虽然我们喜欢在节日（给对方买礼物）相互纪念，但我们已经到达了生活中不需要更多东西的阶段。A.admitted承认；B.liked喜欢；C.stood站立；D.missed错过。根据下文中的we had reached…stuff和there weren't as many presents as before in our room可知，作者和她丈夫之前喜欢在节日里给对方买礼物。B项符合语境。故选B。
3. 句意同上。A.stage阶段，时期；B.end结束；C.edge边，边缘；D.agreement协议，协定。根据Although we (2) remembering each other on holidays, we had reached the (3) in lives where we didn't need more things.（虽然我们喜欢在节日里（给对方买礼物）相互纪念，但我们已经到达了生活中不需要更多东西的阶段。）可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
4. 句意：事实上，我们在削减开支，清理和处理不需要的东西。A.passing down传承；B.handing out分发；C.cutting back削减；D.laying off停工。根据Actually, we were (4) , clearing out and getting rid of unneeded stuff.（事实上，我们在削减、清理和丢弃不需要的东西。）可知，C项符合语境。故选C。
5. 句意：然后，一篇关于学校不得不拒绝一些孩子吃饭的网络文章吸引了我，因为他们没有钱支付。A.support支持；B.education教育；C.books书籍；D.meals食物。根据下文中的we'd like to help children who couldn't (12) their lunches.可知，此处指食物。故选D。
6. 句意同上。A.attracted被吸引的；B.changed经过改变的；C.benefited受益的；D.confused困惑的。根据下文中的Let's each give money to the school…pay it forward可知，作者被这篇文章吸引，而且把这篇文章分享给她丈夫看。故选A。
7. 句意：“我们都把钱作为礼物送给学校吧，”我说着，并和拉里分享了这篇文章。A.analyzing分析；B.praising赞扬；C.sharing分享；D.commenting评论。根据句意，此处指和丈夫分享这篇文章，C项符合语境。故选C。
8. 句意：“好主意。这也是一个把爱传递出去的机会。”拉里笑着说。A.reminder提醒物，引起回忆的事物；B.chance机会；C.promise承诺，诺言；D.reason原因，理由。根据下文的描述可知，作者和她丈夫在多年前日子过得艰难时得到过好心人的帮助，现在是回报社会的机会。故选B。
9. 句意：当孩子们还小的时候，拉里和我失业了，失去了收入来源。A.jobless失业的；B.careless粗心大意的；C.tireless不知疲倦的；D.fearless无畏的。根据下文中的losing sources of income…pay any bill可知，那时作者和她丈夫失业了，付不起任何账单。故选A。
10. 句意：在那段艰难的日子里，我们没有钱付帐。A.regretted对……感到遗憾；B.intended打算；C.refused拒绝；D.failed未能（做到）。根据句意，此处指没钱付账，D项符合语境。故选D。
11. 句意：寻求帮助对我们来说并不容易，因为我们是在独立的原则下长大的。A.independence独立；B.generosity慷慨；C.responsibility责任；D.insistence坚持。根据上文It wasn't easy for us to ask for help可知，作者不愿意寻求帮助，可知作者比较独立，A项符合语境。故选A。
12. 句意：我参观了我们当地的小学，并解释说，我们愿意帮助那些付不起午餐费用的孩子。A.cook煮，烧；B.choose选择；C.reserve预订；保留；D.afford负担。根据上文中的they had no money to pay可知，这些孩子买不起午餐。故选D。
13. 句意：负责人一开始显得很惊讶，然后又很高兴。A.interested感兴趣的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.disappointed失望的；D.worried担心的。根据语境可知，此处表示这位女士先是感到惊讶，然后感到高兴。故选B。
14. 句意：“这将对很多孩子的生活产生影响，”她说。A.make room for让出地方给；B.take pity on同情；C.take the place of代替；D.make a difference to对……有影响。根据句意和常识可知，作者的捐赠将会对孩子产生影响，D项符合语境。故选D。
15. 句意：显然，我们房间里没有之前那么多礼物，但这是我们最好的新年之一。A.Probably大概；B.Obviously显然；C.Generally笼统地，大概；；D.Hopefully有希望地。根据句意，此处指这件事是显而易见的，B项符合语境。故选B。
25.【答案】【小题1】
at the expense of
【小题2】
make ends meet
【小题3】
interfere with
【小题4】
rent out
【小题5】
went into debt
【小题6】
started out
【解析】1. 句意：绿色发展不同于传统的以牺牲环境为代价发展经济的发展方式。at the expense of“以…为代价”，固定短语，符合句意。故填at the expense of。
2. 句意：当他看到招聘广告时，他欣然接受了这个机会，因为他几乎入不敷出。make ends meet“收支相抵”，固定短语，情态动词could后用动词原形。故填make ends meet。
3. 句意：大多数父母鼓励他们的孩子积极参加社会活动，只要这些活动不影响他们的学习。 interfere with“干扰，妨碍，影响”，为固定短语；助动词do后用动词原形。故填interfere with。
4. 句意：一些村民把他们的房子出租给游客，从中他们可以分到旅游业的一块蛋糕。rent out“出租”，固定短语；分析句子时态可知，此处表述客观事实，故用一般现在时。故填rent out。
5. 句意：大多数大学新生都债台高筑 因为使用校园贷款缺乏财务知识和自我保护意识。go into debt“欠债”，固定短语；分析句子时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填went into debt 。
6. 句意：许多大学毕业生开始从事低水平的工作，起薪很低，而一些人在几年后取得了巨大的成就。start out“起初是…...；从…...开始”，为固定短语；根据句中made可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填started out。
26.【答案】automatically
【解析】句意：深圳无人驾驶地铁20号线有望今年投入使用，它可以自己运行。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语修饰动词run，应用副词形式。automatic的副词形式是automatically，意为“自动地，机械地”，符合句意。故填automatically。
27.【答案】have hired
【解析】句意：近几年，中国的网店雇用网络红人通过直播来帮助推销他们的产品。根据句中的In recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语China's online shops是复数形式，助动词应用have。故填have hired。
28.【答案】to accumulate
【解析】句意：他下定决心积累很多快乐的经历，以便在他退休的时候，他能用满意的心态回顾他的生活。make up one's mind to do sth.意为“下定决心要做某事”，是固定用法。故填to accumulate。
29.【答案】financial
【解析】句意：与其他地区相比，这座繁荣的城市拥有一个更有利于创新的金融环境。分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰environment，故用形容词；financial形容词，意为“金融的”符合句意。故填financial。
30.【答案】exceeding
【解析】句意：在这期间，大约有13500个新的工作被创造出来，超过了12000个的预期数量。分析句子可知，此处表示一种自然而然的结果，故用动词-ing形式作状语。故填exceeding。
31.【答案】frustration
【解析】句意：你在追求成功的过程中会遭遇挫折，但是通过更大的努力，你的梦想一定会实现。分析句子结构可知，空处作meet with的宾语，应用名词形式；frustrationi不可数名词，意为“受挫，挫败”符合句意。故填frustration。
32.【答案】against
【解析】句意：不允许雇主歧视女性，偏袒男性。discriminate在此处表示“区别对待，歧视”，为不及物动词，后接介词against。故填against。
33.【答案】obstacles
【解析】句意：这种不顾障碍和挫折的锲而不舍的能力是人们最钦佩的品质。分析句子可知，空处和setbacks并列作despite的宾语，应用名词；obstacle为可数名词，且其前没有限定词，故用名词复数。故填obstacles。
34.【答案】【小题1】
to
【小题2】
which
【小题3】
has overcome
【小题4】
to purchase
【小题5】
a
【小题6】
enterprising
【小题7】
are
【小题8】
welcoming
【小题9】
guidance
【小题10】
really
【解析】1. 考查介词。pay attention to表示“关注”，是固定短语。故填to。
2. 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
3. 考查动词的时态。根据句中的So far可知，空处应用现在完成时。主语为she，助动词应用has。故填has overcome。
4. 考查非谓语动词。be willing to do sth.表示“愿意做某事”，为固定用法。故填to purchase。
5. 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，bonus为可数名词，且decent的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
6. 考查词形转换。分析句子可知，空处需用形容词作定语，修饰young people；enterprising形容词，意为“有事业心的”。故填enterprising。
7. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据空前的meet with并结合语境可知，应用一般现在时；且while引导的从句中a few作主语，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
8. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词；she和welcome之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式。故填welcoming。
9. 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处作seek的宾语，且空前有形容词professional修饰，应填名词形式；提示词guide的名词形式为guidance，意为“指导，引导”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填guidance。
10. 考查词形转换。在What引导的主语从句中，空处修饰谓语matters且表示“真正地”，应填副词。故填really。
35.【答案】【小题1】
successful
【小题2】
that/which
【小题3】
came
【小题4】
him
【小题5】
on
【小题6】
to be
【小题7】
honestly
【小题8】
enjoying
【小题9】
bigger
【小题10】
a
【解析】1. 考查形容词。分析句子可知，空处修饰名词business，故用形容词形式。故填successful。
2. 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词a mobile gaming business，且空处在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
3. 考查动词的时态。根据后面的asked及语境可知，此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填came。
4. 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作asked的宾语，应填人称代词的宾格。故填him。
5. 考查介词。on one's own意为“独立地”，是固定短语。故填on。
6. 考查非谓语动词。consider sb. to be sth.意为“认为某人是……”，是固定用法，此处是不定式作宾补。故填to be。
7. 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词。故填honestly。
8. 考查非谓语动词。stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，是固定用法。此处动词的-ing形式作介词from的宾语。故填enjoying。
9. 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处应用形容词；再根据空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填bigger。
10. 考查冠词。此处是“such a/an+形容词+名词”结构，young的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
36.【答案】phase
【解析】句意：青春期是年轻人离开童年进入成年的人生阶段，是一个重要的过程。分析句子和空前the可知，此处需要填名词；phase名词，意为“阶段”符合句意，根据the可知，此处表示特指，故用名词单数。故填phase。
37.【答案】rational
【解析】句意：从他所做的事情来看，他所做的决定是基于感情而不是理性思考。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词作状语，修饰名词 thought；rational形容词，意为“理性的”符合句意。故填rational。
38.【答案】subjective
【解析】句意：消费品的需求取决于购买者的收入、主观偏好和竞争产品的价格。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词preferences；subjective形容词，意为“主观的”符合句意。故填subjective。
39.【答案】sorrows
【解析】句意：正如那句老话所说，“友谊使你的快乐加倍，分担你的悲伤。”分析句子可知，此处应用名词作宾语；sorrow意为“悲伤事”时，为可数名词。根据句子语境，此处应用名词复数。故填sorrows。
40.【答案】thereby
【解析】句意：中国已使所有农村居民摆脱贫困，从而实现了消除极端贫困的目标。分析句子可知，此处应填副词作状语；thereby副词，意为“因此，由此”符合句意。故填thereby。
41.【答案】expense
【解析】句意：购买旅行保险看似不必要，但却是必须的。分析句子可知，形容词unnecessary后应用名词；expense名词，意为“费用”，根据空前an可知，此处应用名词单数。故填expense。
42.【答案】That's why it's used by so many people
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“这就是它被如此多的人使用的原因”；分析句子可知，此处应用固定句型that's why...“这就是......的原因”，此处why引导表语从句；be used by...“被......使用”，so many“如此多”；people“人们”；分析句子时态可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语用it，谓语be动词应用is。句首首字母需大写。故填That's why it's used by so many people。
43.【答案】It is by listening to and understanding each other that
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“只有通过相互倾听和相互理解”；按照提示，此处应用It's...that...强调句型；by介词，意为“通过”，后用动词的-ing形式作宾语；listen to and understand each other“相互倾听和相互理解”；句首单词的首字母需大写。故填It is by listening to and understanding each other that。
44.【答案】As is often the case
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“通常是这样的”；as is often the case“通常情况下，这是常有的事”固定用法，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填As is often the case。
45.【答案】Human beings are superior to animals
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“人类比动物占优势”；human beings“人类”；be superior to“占优势”为固定短语；animal可数名词，意为“动物”，此处应填名词复数。主语为human beings是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。且根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Human beings are superior to animals。
46.【答案】realize their greatest potential
【解析】分析句子可知，此处缺少“发挥他们最大的潜能”；realize动词，意为“实现，将…...变为现实”；their“他们的”；greatest形容词最高级，意为“最大的”；potential名词，意为“潜能”；根据句中be inspired to do sth.可知，此处应用动词原形。故填realize their greatest potential。
47.【答案】which can help them change the conventional way of thinking
【解析】根据中英文提示可知，空处指“这能帮助他们改变传统的思维方式”，此处应用which引导的非限制性定语从句。情态动词can意为“能”，后接动词原形。help sb do sth帮助某人做某事，固定短语。change改变，动词。the conventional way of thinking传统的思维方式，固定用法。故填which can help them change the conventional way of thinking。
48.【答案】【小题1】Just as you've known
【小题2】Rather than carrying cash
【小题3】take public transport
【小题4】what I experienced
【小题5】we were amazed at
【小题6】wherever we went
【小题7】More importantly
【小题8】a face recognition app
【小题9】so that we didn't have to/needn't wait in a queue
【小题10】when you have spare time
【解析】1. 根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“正如你已经了解的”，just副词，意为“正好，恰好”，as意为“正如，就像”，know动词，意为“知道”。分析句子可知，此处应用as引导的非限制性定语从句；根据汉语提示和语境可知，此处时态应用现在完成时。主语为you，助动词应用have。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Just as you've known。
2. 根据汉语意思可知，rather than doing...“而不是......”为固定短语；carry动词，意为“携带”，cash名词，意为“现金”。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Rather than carrying cash
3. 根据汉语提示可知，public transport“公共交通工具”，take动词，意为“乘坐”；分析句子可知，此处与to pay for a meal是并列成分，应用动词不定式作目的状语，句中已有to，故此处应填动词原形。故填take public transport。
4. 根据汉语提示可知，experience动词，意为“经历”；分析句子可知，此处应用what引导的宾语从句；分析句子语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填what I experienced。
5. 根据汉语提示可知，be amazed at“对......感到惊奇”，为固定短语；分析句子语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。主语为we，be动词应用were。故填we were amazed at。
6. 分析句子可知，此处应用wherever引导的让步状语从句，表示“无论何地”；根据句子语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填wherever we went。
7. more importantly“更重要的是......”，为固定短语。句首单词的首字母应大写。故填More importantly。
8. face recognition app“人脸识别应用”，为固定用法，且face是以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a face recognition app。
9. 根据汉语意思可知，so that“为了……”引导结果状语从句，wait in a queue“排队”，固定短语；don't have to/needn't do sth.“没必要做某事”。分析句子时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填so that we didn't have to/needn't wait in a queue。
10. 分析句子可知，此处应用when引导的时间状语从句，spare time“空余时间”为固定短语；分析句子时态可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填when you have spare time。
第6页，共21页
一、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
A
When you don't have a car and need to get around, are you more likely to call an Uber or Lyft, or a cab Last Friday, Lyft—a ride-sharing company, went public as its stocks(股票) started trading on the market. Lyft has become the first big initial public offering of the "gig economy" age. While the company is not making profits yet, it is changing the meaning of work. What is "gig economy" and what makes it so appealing
Gig work is independent contracts(合同) or part-time jobs such as Uber drivers. In the "gig economy", companies hire independent contractors instead of full-time employees. This is different from traditional companies where full-time workers hold a lifetime career. In the past, only small companies hired contractors, while today, employers like Amazon rely on the temporary workforce. These companies save costs as they are not legally required to provide healthcare benefits, retirement savings or paid time off for gig workers.
Gig work appeals to different people for different reasons. For some, it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for full-time jobs, it provides a source of income to support themselves. Some people work a full-time job and supplement their salary with gig jobs such as driving for Uber or Lyft.
Joining the "gig economy" may be simple, but maintaining a steady career is easier said than done. Gig work comes with unsteady pay and workloads. You're your own boss. It sounds fun, but when you have no self-control and an unsteady job, you might splurge all your money the first week and live on bread pieces for the rest of the month! Besides a strong sense of responsibility, gig workers have to stay up to date to get companies to hire them.
Despite the challenges gig workers face, nearly 60 million Americans are part of this workforce. As this number grows, we have to see how society and companies adapt to this new world of work!
1. What can be learnt about Lyft from the first paragraph
A. It has built up a large fortune.
B. It marks the arrival of the "gig economy" age.
C. It makes a difference to the meaning of work.
D. It appeals to people as a means of public transport.
2. Who are most likely to become gig workers
A. People seeking for a steady income.
B. Those eager to get paid vacations.
C. People in need of flexible working hours.
D. Those concerned about retirement accounts.
3. What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Spend money freely. B. Deposit money automatically.
C. Earn money quickly. D. Save money rationally.
4. What is the message mainly conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Gig workers have to face potential challenges.
B. Gig workers have difficulty finding work.
C. Gig companies will solve the job problems.
D. Gig companies will force people to change.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Smartwatches and fitness trackers have gained popularity recently. These tools can record your daily steps and heart rates. (1) If yes, it might be a sign that you're addicted to your smartwatch or fitness tracker.
(2) If you keep setting unrealistic daily goals that involve working out for too long, and if you begin to ignore friends and responsibilities to make time for your workout, then you're most probably addicted to your fitness tracker.
It's a struggle to overcome the addiction to fitness trackers. (3) For example, the number in your fitness tracker showing how far you've come can give you a sense of achievement.
Of course, failing to meet your daily goal can be frustrating. You might focus on your shortcomings(缺点) rather than your progress. Another problem is that you might find yourself paying too much attention to the step number rather than how your body feels. (4)
Therefore, if you're spending too much time looking at your smartwatch, limit your daily step count to a comfortable level. (5) For example, concentrating on your hobbies or socializing with friends can be a great way to keep your mind on other things.
A. Don't overuse your smartwatch.
B. It doesn't convey what you're really feeling.
C. After all, reaching a daily step count can be so appealing.
D. How can you tell whether you're addicted to your fitness tracker
E. Actually, this addiction to the step count can be risky, mentally and physically.
F. However, do you find yourself checking your steps and heart rates too often
G. Besides. you can focus on other things to avoid checking your smartwatch.
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
6. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
7. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
8. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
9. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
"I have no idea what to get you this New Year," my husband Larry said. I responded with a knowing smile as the same (10) to me in finding him something. Although we (11) remembering each other on holidays, we had reached the (12) in lives where we didn't need more things. Actually, we were (13) , clearing out and getting rid of unneeded stuff. Then an online article about schools having to turn away some children from receiving (14) for they had no money to pay (15) me. "Let's each give money to the school as our presents," I said, (16) the article with Larry. "Great idea. It's also a (17) to pay it forward," Larry smiled.
When our children were small, Larry and I were (18) , losing sources of income. During the hard time, we (19) to pay any bill. It wasn't easy for us to ask for help, as we'd been brought up on principles of (20) . Someone then offered a hand.
I visited our local elementary school, and explained we'd like to help children who couldn't (21) their lunches. The lady taking charge looked first (22) and then pleased. She accepted our gift of cash with thanks. "This will (23) so many children," she said.
(24) there weren't as many presents as before in our room, but it was one of our best New Years.
10. A. related B. returned C. applied D. appealed
11. A. admitted B. liked C. stood D. missed
12. A. stage B. end C. edge D. agreement
13. A. passing down B. handing out C. cutting back D. laying off
14. A. support B. education C. books D. meals
15. A. attracted B. changed C. benefited D. confused
16. A. analyzing B. praising C. sharing D. commenting
17. A. reminder B. chance C. promise D. reason
18. A. jobless B. careless C. tireless D. fearless
19. A. regretted B. intended C. refused D. failed
20. A. independence B. generosity C. responsibility D. insistence
21. A. cook B. choose C. reserve D. afford
22. A. interested B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
23. A. make room for B. take pity on
C. take the place of D. make a difference to
24. A. Probably B. Obviously C. Generally D. Hopefully
四、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
25.
make ends meet; take off; at the expense of; start out; be relevant to; rent out; interfere with; go into debt;
(1) Green development is different from the conventional one which develops the economy __________ the environment.
(2) He jumped at the opportunity when he saw the job advertisement, because barely could he __________.
(3) Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in social events, provided that those events do not ______ ____ their studies.
(4) Some villagers __________ their place to visitors, from which they can get a slice of the tourism industry's cake.
(5) Most college freshmen who __________ because of using campus loans lacked financial knowledge and self-protection awareness.
(6) Many college graduates __________ in low-level jobs with low starting salaries, while some made great achievements several years later.
五、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
26. Shenzhen's unmanned subway Line 20, which can run ______ (automatic), is expected to be put into operation this year.
27. In recent years, China's online shops ______ (hire) social media influencers to help promote their products via livestreaming.
28. He made up his mind ______ (accumulate) many happy experiences so that when he retired he could look back on his life with satisfaction.
pared with other areas, this prosperous city has a ______ (finance) environment that is more favorable to innovation.
30. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, ______ (exceed) the expected number of 12,000.
31. You are to meet with ______ (frustrate) in the pursuit of success but through greater effort your dream will definitely come true.
32. It is not permissible for employers to discriminate ______ women and be in favour of men.
33. The ability to persevere despite ______ (obstacle) and setbacks is the quality people most admire.
六、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
34. Zhang Yue once paid little attention (1) roses even though she grew up with them. It was only after graduating from university overseas that Zhang decided to return to her hometown and grow roses, (2) surprised many people. So far she (3) (overcome) a number of obstacles in nursing her business to the success it is today. After she went on TV, a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing (4) (purchase) her product and help with its distribution, which helped her earn the locals' trust. "Now my product is one of the best in Asia. This year, I can pay all my fellow workers (5) decent bonus," says Zhang, now the chairwoman of Rose Valley Co., Ltd.
Zhang is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start-up bug. An increasing number of (6) (enterprise) young people are thinking of starting their own businesses. The majority meet with rejection while a few, like Zhang Yue, (7) (be) lucky enough to get investment and the all-important input and support. Though (8) (welcome) the new entrepreneurial spirit, she advises that people be realistic and seek professional (9) (guide) before rushing into things. "What (10) (real) matters is a sound business plan, access to capital, and good management and negotiating skills," she says.
(1)
(2)
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35. Stephon Sanders is like any other teenager. He loves basketball, hanging out with friends and playing video games. But the rising eighth-grade student has turned his love of gaming into a (1) (success) business. He started Street Gamez, a mobile gaming business (2) allows kids like himself to become entrepreneurs.
Stephon (3) (come) up with the idea for a mobile video gaming business after his mom asked (4) (he) what he wanted for his birthday. Before his mom made an investment in the business, Stephon raised money (5) his own.
"He started a GoFundMe, he did yard work, he sold popcorn, and he raised about $ 2,500," Stephon's mom said. "He really believes in the business. He doesn't realize that he is considered (6) (be) a role model, because of his decisions. He, (7) (honest) doesn't let the business stop him from (8) (enjoy) his youth. He amazes me!"
"I believe Street Gamez can grow (9) (big) than I imagined," said Stephon. He recently spoke to a local business class in Tampa about his starting a business at such (10) young age. He said that he didn't want to just play the game and that he wanted to change it.
(1)
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七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
36. Puberty is the p______ of life when the youth leave childhood and head into adulthood, which is a significant process.
37. Judging from what he had done, the decision he made was based on emotion rather than r______ thought.
38. Demand for a consumer product depends on the incomes of buyers, their s______ preferences, and the prices of competing products.
39. As the old saying goes, "Friendship doubles your joys and divides your ______ (悲伤事)."
40. China has lifted all rural residents out of poverty, ______ (由此) meeting the target of eliminating extreme poverty.
41. Taking out travel insurance may seem an unnecessary ______ (费用), but it is a must.
八、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）
42. 在线支付使人们为他们购买的商品付款更加容易。这就是它被如此多的人使用的原因。（that's why）
Online payment makes it easier for people to pay for the goods they buy. 。
43. 只有通过相互倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。（强调句型）
______ problems between parents and children can be settled.
44. 通常是这样的，有梦想的人会努力克服任何困难去实现自己的梦想。(as）
__________, a man who can dream will try hard to overcome any difficulties to realize his dream.
45. 人类比动物占优势，因为他们可以把语言当作一种交流工具。(superior)
__________, for they can use language as a tool to communicate.
46. 学校应该是充满生机的地方，在这里学生被激励去发挥他们最大的潜能。(potential)
Schools should be lively places where students are inspired to __________.
47. 这位老师鼓励学生跳出框框思考，这能帮助他们改变传统的思维方式。（定语从句；conventional）
The teacher encourages students to think outside the box, ______________________________.
48.
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter了解到人工智能在中国被广泛应用，请你为他详细介绍一下应用场景。
Dear Peter,
I'm happy to hear from you. (1) (正如你已经了解的), artificial intelligence is now widely used in China. (2) (不是带现金) in their wallets, people can simply go out with their smart phones and scan a OR code to pay for a meal, shop in supermarkets or (3) (乘坐公共交通工具).
Here I'd like to share with you (4) (我所经历的) during the week-long National Day holiday. When traveling, (5) (我们对……感到惊奇) the changes and convenience brought by artificial intelligence. First of all, (6) (无论我们去何地), we could use the mobile payment. (7) (更重要的是), we no longer had to get into tourist attractions with the ID card and we could do it through (8) (一款人脸识别应用) now, which really saved time (9) (因此我们不必排队等候). What an amazing experience!
I do hope you can come to China and experience all of this (10) (当你有空的时候). Looking forward to your coming.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】1. 本文介绍了一种新的职业经济模式——零工经济，即人人都可以成为自己的老板。
根据第一段中的While the company is not making profits yet, it is changing the meaning of work.（虽然公司还没有盈利，但它正在改变工作的意义。）可知，Lyft正在改变工作的意义，故选C。
2. 根据第三段中的For some, it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for full-time jobs, it provides a source of income to support themselves.（对于一些人来说，它提供了灵活的时间安排，对于其他正在寻找全职工作的人来说，它提供了一个收入来源来养活自己。）可知，需要弹性工作时间的人最有可能成为gig workers。故选C。
3. 根据画线词后的and live on bread pieces for the rest of the month!（这个月剩下的时间都靠面包片过活！）可推测，splurge意为“乱花钱”，在之后的日子里只能靠面包片生活。故A项意思与之最相近。故选A。
4. 根据最后一段中的As this number grows, we have to see how society and companies adapt to this new world of work!（随着这个数字的增长，我们必须看到社会和公司如何适应这个新的工作世界！）可推知，随着“零工经济”公司的兴起，人们应该适应新的工作趋势。故选D。
5~9.【答案】F、D、C、E、G
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文指出了人们对智能手表和健身追踪器上瘾的现象，分析了其原因以及对精神和身体造成的影响，并给出了一些摆脱这一状况的建议。
根据下一句If yes, it might be a sign that you're addicted to your smartwatch or fitness tracker.（如果是，那可能是你对健身追踪器上瘾的迹象。）以及上一句These tools can record your daily steps and heart rates.（这些工具可以记录你每天的步数、心率等）可知，此句是一个疑问句，且此处内容与查看步数和心率有关，选项 F（然而，你是否发现自己过于频繁地查看自己的步数和心率？）符合题意。故选F。
2. 根据下文If you keep setting unrealistic daily goals that involve working out for too long, and if you begin to ignore friends and responsibilities to make time for your workout, then you're most probably addicted to your fitness tracker.（如果你总是设定不切实际的日常目标，包括锻炼太长时间，如果你开始忽视朋友和责任，腾出时间来锻炼，那么你很可能对你的健身追踪器上瘾了。）可知，此句位于段首，且此处内容与怎么判断你有可能对健身追踪器上瘾有关，选项D（你怎么知道你是否对你的健身追踪器上瘾了呢？）符合题意。故选D。
3. 根据下一句For example, the number in your fitness tracker showing how far you've come can give you a sense of achievement.（例如，智能手表上显示你已经走了多远的数字可以给你一种成就感。）可知，此处内容与查看每天走了多少步是有吸引力的有关，选项C（毕竟，每天走多少步是很有吸引力的。）符合题意。故选C。
4. 根据上文you might find yourself paying too much attention to the step number rather than how your body feels.（你可能会关注你的缺点而不是进步。另一个问题是，你可能会发现自己过于关注步数，而不是你的身体感觉。）可知，此句位于段末，且此处内容与对步数上瘾会给精神上和身体上都会带来影响有关，选项E（事实上，这种对步数的上瘾在精神上和身体上都是有风险的。）符合题意。故选E。
5. 根据下一句For example, concentrating on your hobbies or socializing with friends can be a great way to keep your mind on other things.（例如，专注于你的爱好或与朋友的社交活动是让你把注意力放在其他事情上的好方法。）可知，此处内容与做一些与检查健身追踪器无关的事情有关，选项G（此外，你还可以找到其他不需要检查健身追踪器的事情。）符合题意。故选G。
10~24.【答案】C、B、A、C、D、A、C、B、A、D、A、D、B、D、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文讲述了作者夫妇在新年来临之际，决定不再给对方买礼物。他们想到了一个有意义的方式，就是帮助在学校买不起午餐的孩子。
句意：我会意地笑了笑，也不知道给他准备什么礼物。A.related联系；B.returned返回；归还；C.applied应用；D.appealed呼吁。根据上文中的I have no idea what to get you和下文中的to me in finding him something可知，作者和她丈夫一样，不知道给对方准备什么礼物。apply to sb.表示“对……适用”。C项符合语境。故选C。
2. 句意：虽然我们喜欢在节日（给对方买礼物）相互纪念，但我们已经到达了生活中不需要更多东西的阶段。A.admitted承认；B.liked喜欢；C.stood站立；D.missed错过。根据下文中的we had reached…stuff和there weren't as many presents as before in our room可知，作者和她丈夫之前喜欢在节日里给对方买礼物。B项符合语境。故选B。
3. 句意同上。A.stage阶段，时期；B.end结束；C.edge边，边缘；D.agreement协议，协定。根据Although we (2) remembering each other on holidays, we had reached the (3) in lives where we didn't need more things.（虽然我们喜欢在节日里（给对方买礼物）相互纪念，但我们已经到达了生活中不需要更多东西的阶段。）可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
4. 句意：事实上，我们在削减开支，清理和处理不需要的东西。A.passing down传承；B.handing out分发；C.cutting back削减；D.laying off停工。根据Actually, we were (4) , clearing out and getting rid of unneeded stuff.（事实上，我们在削减、清理和丢弃不需要的东西。）可知，C项符合语境。故选C。
5. 句意：然后，一篇关于学校不得不拒绝一些孩子吃饭的网络文章吸引了我，因为他们没有钱支付。A.support支持；B.education教育；C.books书籍；D.meals食物。根据下文中的we'd like to help children who couldn't (12) their lunches.可知，此处指食物。故选D。
6. 句意同上。A.attracted被吸引的；B.changed经过改变的；C.benefited受益的；D.confused困惑的。根据下文中的Let's each give money to the school…pay it forward可知，作者被这篇文章吸引，而且把这篇文章分享给她丈夫看。故选A。
7. 句意：“我们都把钱作为礼物送给学校吧，”我说着，并和拉里分享了这篇文章。A.analyzing分析；B.praising赞扬；C.sharing分享；D.commenting评论。根据句意，此处指和丈夫分享这篇文章，C项符合语境。故选C。
8. 句意：“好主意。这也是一个把爱传递出去的机会。”拉里笑着说。A.reminder提醒物，引起回忆的事物；B.chance机会；C.promise承诺，诺言；D.reason原因，理由。根据下文的描述可知，作者和她丈夫在多年前日子过得艰难时得到过好心人的帮助，现在是回报社会的机会。故选B。
9. 句意：当孩子们还小的时候，拉里和我失业了，失去了收入来源。A.jobless失业的；B.careless粗心大意的；C.tireless不知疲倦的；D.fearless无畏的。根据下文中的losing sources of income…pay any bill可知，那时作者和她丈夫失业了，付不起任何账单。故选A。
10. 句意：在那段艰难的日子里，我们没有钱付帐。A.regretted对……感到遗憾；B.intended打算；C.refused拒绝；D.failed未能（做到）。根据句意，此处指没钱付账，D项符合语境。故选D。
11. 句意：寻求帮助对我们来说并不容易，因为我们是在独立的原则下长大的。A.independence独立；B.generosity慷慨；C.responsibility责任；D.insistence坚持。根据上文It wasn't easy for us to ask for help可知，作者不愿意寻求帮助，可知作者比较独立，A项符合语境。故选A。
12. 句意：我参观了我们当地的小学，并解释说，我们愿意帮助那些付不起午餐费用的孩子。A.cook煮，烧；B.choose选择；C.reserve预订；保留；D.afford负担。根据上文中的they had no money to pay可知，这些孩子买不起午餐。故选D。
13. 句意：负责人一开始显得很惊讶，然后又很高兴。A.interested感兴趣的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.disappointed失望的；D.worried担心的。根据语境可知，此处表示这位女士先是感到惊讶，然后感到高兴。故选B。
14. 句意：“这将对很多孩子的生活产生影响，”她说。A.make room for让出地方给；B.take pity on同情；C.take the place of代替；D.make a difference to对……有影响。根据句意和常识可知，作者的捐赠将会对孩子产生影响，D项符合语境。故选D。
15. 句意：显然，我们房间里没有之前那么多礼物，但这是我们最好的新年之一。A.Probably大概；B.Obviously显然；C.Generally笼统地，大概；；D.Hopefully有希望地。根据句意，此处指这件事是显而易见的，B项符合语境。故选B。
25.【答案】【小题1】
at the expense of
【小题2】
make ends meet
【小题3】
interfere with
【小题4】
rent out
【小题5】
went into debt
【小题6】
started out
【解析】1. 句意：绿色发展不同于传统的以牺牲环境为代价发展经济的发展方式。at the expense of“以…为代价”，固定短语，符合句意。故填at the expense of。
2. 句意：当他看到招聘广告时，他欣然接受了这个机会，因为他几乎入不敷出。make ends meet“收支相抵”，固定短语，情态动词could后用动词原形。故填make ends meet。
3. 句意：大多数父母鼓励他们的孩子积极参加社会活动，只要这些活动不影响他们的学习。 interfere with“干扰，妨碍，影响”，为固定短语；助动词do后用动词原形。故填interfere with。
4. 句意：一些村民把他们的房子出租给游客，从中他们可以分到旅游业的一块蛋糕。rent out“出租”，固定短语；分析句子时态可知，此处表述客观事实，故用一般现在时。故填rent out。
5. 句意：大多数大学新生都债台高筑 因为使用校园贷款缺乏财务知识和自我保护意识。go into debt“欠债”，固定短语；分析句子时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填went into debt 。
6. 句意：许多大学毕业生开始从事低水平的工作，起薪很低，而一些人在几年后取得了巨大的成就。start out“起初是…...；从…...开始”，为固定短语；根据句中made可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填started out。
26.【答案】automatically
【解析】句意：深圳无人驾驶地铁20号线有望今年投入使用，它可以自己运行。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语修饰动词run，应用副词形式。automatic的副词形式是automatically，意为“自动地，机械地”，符合句意。故填automatically。
27.【答案】have hired
【解析】句意：近几年，中国的网店雇用网络红人通过直播来帮助推销他们的产品。根据句中的In recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语China's online shops是复数形式，助动词应用have。故填have hired。
28.【答案】to accumulate
【解析】句意：他下定决心积累很多快乐的经历，以便在他退休的时候，他能用满意的心态回顾他的生活。make up one's mind to do sth.意为“下定决心要做某事”，是固定用法。故填to accumulate。
29.【答案】financial
【解析】句意：与其他地区相比，这座繁荣的城市拥有一个更有利于创新的金融环境。分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰environment，故用形容词；financial形容词，意为“金融的”符合句意。故填financial。
30.【答案】exceeding
【解析】句意：在这期间，大约有13500个新的工作被创造出来，超过了12000个的预期数量。分析句子可知，此处表示一种自然而然的结果，故用动词-ing形式作状语。故填exceeding。
31.【答案】frustration
【解析】句意：你在追求成功的过程中会遭遇挫折，但是通过更大的努力，你的梦想一定会实现。分析句子结构可知，空处作meet with的宾语，应用名词形式；frustrationi不可数名词，意为“受挫，挫败”符合句意。故填frustration。
32.【答案】against
【解析】句意：不允许雇主歧视女性，偏袒男性。discriminate在此处表示“区别对待，歧视”，为不及物动词，后接介词against。故填against。
33.【答案】obstacles
【解析】句意：这种不顾障碍和挫折的锲而不舍的能力是人们最钦佩的品质。分析句子可知，空处和setbacks并列作despite的宾语，应用名词；obstacle为可数名词，且其前没有限定词，故用名词复数。故填obstacles。
34.【答案】【小题1】
to
【小题2】
which
【小题3】
has overcome
【小题4】
to purchase
【小题5】
a
【小题6】
enterprising
【小题7】
are
【小题8】
welcoming
【小题9】
guidance
【小题10】
really
【解析】1. 考查介词。pay attention to表示“关注”，是固定短语。故填to。
2. 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
3. 考查动词的时态。根据句中的So far可知，空处应用现在完成时。主语为she，助动词应用has。故填has overcome。
4. 考查非谓语动词。be willing to do sth.表示“愿意做某事”，为固定用法。故填to purchase。
5. 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，bonus为可数名词，且decent的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
6. 考查词形转换。分析句子可知，空处需用形容词作定语，修饰young people；enterprising形容词，意为“有事业心的”。故填enterprising。
7. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据空前的meet with并结合语境可知，应用一般现在时；且while引导的从句中a few作主语，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
8. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词；she和welcome之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式。故填welcoming。
9. 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处作seek的宾语，且空前有形容词professional修饰，应填名词形式；提示词guide的名词形式为guidance，意为“指导，引导”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填guidance。
10. 考查词形转换。在What引导的主语从句中，空处修饰谓语matters且表示“真正地”，应填副词。故填really。
35.【答案】【小题1】
successful
【小题2】
that/which
【小题3】
came
【小题4】
him
【小题5】
on
【小题6】
to be
【小题7】
honestly
【小题8】
enjoying
【小题9】
bigger
【小题10】
a
【解析】1. 考查形容词。分析句子可知，空处修饰名词business，故用形容词形式。故填successful。
2. 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词a mobile gaming business，且空处在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
3. 考查动词的时态。根据后面的asked及语境可知，此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填came。
4. 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作asked的宾语，应填人称代词的宾格。故填him。
5. 考查介词。on one's own意为“独立地”，是固定短语。故填on。
6. 考查非谓语动词。consider sb. to be sth.意为“认为某人是……”，是固定用法，此处是不定式作宾补。故填to be。
7. 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词。故填honestly。
8. 考查非谓语动词。stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，是固定用法。此处动词的-ing形式作介词from的宾语。故填enjoying。
9. 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处应用形容词；再根据空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填bigger。
10. 考查冠词。此处是“such a/an+形容词+名词”结构，young的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
36.【答案】phase
【解析】句意：青春期是年轻人离开童年进入成年的人生阶段，是一个重要的过程。分析句子和空前the可知，此处需要填名词；phase名词，意为“阶段”符合句意，根据the可知，此处表示特指，故用名词单数。故填phase。
37.【答案】rational
【解析】句意：从他所做的事情来看，他所做的决定是基于感情而不是理性思考。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词作状语，修饰名词 thought；rational形容词，意为“理性的”符合句意。故填rational。
38.【答案】subjective
【解析】句意：消费品的需求取决于购买者的收入、主观偏好和竞争产品的价格。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词preferences；subjective形容词，意为“主观的”符合句意。故填subjective。
39.【答案】sorrows
【解析】句意：正如那句老话所说，“友谊使你的快乐加倍，分担你的悲伤。”分析句子可知，此处应用名词作宾语；sorrow意为“悲伤事”时，为可数名词。根据句子语境，此处应用名词复数。故填sorrows。
40.【答案】thereby
【解析】句意：中国已使所有农村居民摆脱贫困，从而实现了消除极端贫困的目标。分析句子可知，此处应填副词作状语；thereby副词，意为“因此，由此”符合句意。故填thereby。
41.【答案】expense
【解析】句意：购买旅行保险看似不必要，但却是必须的。分析句子可知，形容词unnecessary后应用名词；expense名词，意为“费用”，根据空前an可知，此处应用名词单数。故填expense。
42.【答案】That's why it's used by so many people
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“这就是它被如此多的人使用的原因”；分析句子可知，此处应用固定句型that's why...“这就是......的原因”，此处why引导表语从句；be used by...“被......使用”，so many“如此多”；people“人们”；分析句子时态可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语用it，谓语be动词应用is。句首首字母需大写。故填That's why it's used by so many people。
43.【答案】It is by listening to and understanding each other that
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“只有通过相互倾听和相互理解”；按照提示，此处应用It's...that...强调句型；by介词，意为“通过”，后用动词的-ing形式作宾语；listen to and understand each other“相互倾听和相互理解”；句首单词的首字母需大写。故填It is by listening to and understanding each other that。
44.【答案】As is often the case
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“通常是这样的”；as is often the case“通常情况下，这是常有的事”固定用法，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填As is often the case。
45.【答案】Human beings are superior to animals
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“人类比动物占优势”；human beings“人类”；be superior to“占优势”为固定短语；animal可数名词，意为“动物”，此处应填名词复数。主语为human beings是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。且根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Human beings are superior to animals。
46.【答案】realize their greatest potential
【解析】分析句子可知，此处缺少“发挥他们最大的潜能”；realize动词，意为“实现，将…...变为现实”；their“他们的”；greatest形容词最高级，意为“最大的”；potential名词，意为“潜能”；根据句中be inspired to do sth.可知，此处应用动词原形。故填realize their greatest potential。
47.【答案】which can help them change the conventional way of thinking
【解析】根据中英文提示可知，空处指“这能帮助他们改变传统的思维方式”，此处应用which引导的非限制性定语从句。情态动词can意为“能”，后接动词原形。help sb do sth帮助某人做某事，固定短语。change改变，动词。the conventional way of thinking传统的思维方式，固定用法。故填which can help them change the conventional way of thinking。
48.【答案】【小题1】Just as you've known
【小题2】Rather than carrying cash
【小题3】take public transport
【小题4】what I experienced
【小题5】we were amazed at
【小题6】wherever we went
【小题7】More importantly
【小题8】a face recognition app
【小题9】so that we didn't have to/needn't wait in a queue
【小题10】when you have spare time
【解析】1. 根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“正如你已经了解的”，just副词，意为“正好，恰好”，as意为“正如，就像”，know动词，意为“知道”。分析句子可知，此处应用as引导的非限制性定语从句；根据汉语提示和语境可知，此处时态应用现在完成时。主语为you，助动词应用have。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Just as you've known。
2. 根据汉语意思可知，rather than doing...“而不是......”为固定短语；carry动词，意为“携带”，cash名词，意为“现金”。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Rather than carrying cash
3. 根据汉语提示可知，public transport“公共交通工具”，take动词，意为“乘坐”；分析句子可知，此处与to pay for a meal是并列成分，应用动词不定式作目的状语，句中已有to，故此处应填动词原形。故填take public transport。
4. 根据汉语提示可知，experience动词，意为“经历”；分析句子可知，此处应用what引导的宾语从句；分析句子语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填what I experienced。
5. 根据汉语提示可知，be amazed at“对......感到惊奇”，为固定短语；分析句子语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。主语为we，be动词应用were。故填we were amazed at。
6. 分析句子可知，此处应用wherever引导的让步状语从句，表示“无论何地”；根据句子语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填wherever we went。
7. more importantly“更重要的是......”，为固定短语。句首单词的首字母应大写。故填More importantly。
8. face recognition app“人脸识别应用”，为固定用法，且face是以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a face recognition app。
9. 根据汉语意思可知，so that“为了……”引导结果状语从句，wait in a queue“排队”，固定短语；don't have to/needn't do sth.“没必要做某事”。分析句子时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填so that we didn't have to/needn't wait in a queue。
10. 分析句子可知，此处应用when引导的时间状语从句，spare time“空余时间”为固定短语；分析句子时态可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填when you have spare time。
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