外研版（2019）选择性必修四单元Unit 5 Into the unknown基础巩固（有答案解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修四单元Unit 5 Into the unknown基础巩固（有答案解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-23 15:55:32 | ||
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Unit 5 Into the unknown
一、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
A
The ruins of a Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR. This lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna, but shows that these famous areas are a small part of this lost urban network.
Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60, 000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, and more—have been identified in aerial(从飞机上的) images collected by some international researchers headed by the PACUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization. Those have experts rethinking the outlines and complexity of the Maya Empire.
These ancient people obviously created these imaginative cultures based on their known relics, but the new research has suggested that the size of this lost city is far beyond what experts imagined. The findings will be explored in a one-hour documentary called "Lost Treasures of the Maya Snake Kings", to be broadcast on the National Geographic Channel.
This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey lands in 3D by bouncing pulses off the ground from unmanned aerial vehicles and others. LiDAR is exceptionally useful for detecting archaeological sites, as it gets through jungles and other features that hold up exploration on the ground. The technique has made many discoveries become a reality in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Belize can explain what it did. The final goal is to survey Guatemala's lowlands with it.
"There are entire cities we didn't know about now showing up in the survey data," Francisco Estrada-Belli, one of the lead archaeologists on the project, said in the coming documentary. "There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities about the mysterious people who built this urban network there that we don't know about, and we will push back the frontiers with the technology," he added.
1. What does the underlined word "Those" in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Jungles. B. Human-made features.
C. Researchers. D. Aerial images.
2. What does the author want to convey in paragraph 4
A. The working principle of LiDAR sensors.
B. The process of researching Maya civilisation.
C. Great importance of Guatemala's lowlands.
D. LiDAR's contribution to discovering the relics.
3. Which words can best describe the lost Maya city
A. Small and hidden. B. Famous and high-tech.
C. Vast and complex. D. Fully-explored and imaginative.
4. What will the archaeologists do next
A. Continue to explore the unknown. B. Upgrade the LiDAR technology.
C. Study the documentary carefully. D. Build a massive urban network.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
(1) For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. (2) That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea(腹泻) from dirty water. That's around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. (3) Therefore, they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
(4) On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres of water. (5) People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water, they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
6. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
7. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
8. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
9. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
Volunteering gives you an opportunity to change people's lives, including your own. It gives you the (10) of playing a role in someone else's life, (11) people who may not be able to help themselves. Why not spare a little time to help others, because (12) , what goes around comes around.
I think one of the most important values I have gained through my experience at St. Clare's Hospital is the (13) of service. Service includes playing a positive part in the lives of others. I believe that through volunteering, I have (14) this value. Each time I end my volunteer turn, I feel better because I have done something (15) . This feeling has stimulated me to continue volunteering. In the past years I have been upset about my (16) , and was discouraged because I felt I might not make a big difference (17) my young age.
However, I am (18) of this because of the hospital volunteer programme. Due to my (19) at St. Clare's Hospital, I have come to include service as a(n) (20) part of my life. I feel an obligation to do my best to help others and (21) society in any way I can.
I know that my experience as a volunteer has been a wonderful opportunity to (22) as a person, and I have made use of this to the best of my ability. Without my volunteer experience, I might have been an absolutely (23) person. I have gained valuable skills, which not only (24) me now but my life in the future.
10. A. satisfaction B. wisdom C. convenience D. comfort
11. A. protecting B. reminding C. assisting D. leading
12. A. literally B. eventually C. interestingly D. legally
13. A. length B. condition C. standard D. importance
14. A. influenced B. predicted C. attempted D. realized
15. A. impossible B. attractive C. worthwhile D. challenging
16. A. situation B. alternative C. privilege D. intention
17. A. in place of B. in spite of C. due to D. as to
18. A. relieved B. afraid C. tired D. sure
19. A. involvement B. investigation C. strategies D. honours
20. A. unbelievable B. outstanding C. particular D. necessary
21. A. contribute to B. care for C. approve of D. rely on
22. A. recover B. grow C. survive D. serve
23. A. gifted B. shy C. reliable D. different
24. A. strikes B. benefits C. develops D. liberates
四、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
25.
throw sb. into; test the waters; fall into ruin; look into; set sail; all the more; think twice; shrink from;
(1) As a working party has been set up to__________ the matter, you may receive the reply within days.
(2) Only if you completely __________ your studies will you ultimately achieve your long-term goal of becoming an archaeologist.
(3) The man who didn't __________ before diving into the freezing river to rescue that child is worthy of our respect.
(4) No one was certain about the success of the new AI product, so it was introduced into a few stores just to __________ before national distribution began.
(5) We made it clear to them that we would not __________ conflicts to solve the problems.
(6) After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, some towns near the west part of the Great Wall were deserted and the Wall itself __________.
五、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
26. With the fast development of technology, most financial firms nowadays are keen______ (abandon) cash payments.
27. The little boy still needed the ______ (remain) 20 dollars to use with the things ______ (remain) to be settled.
28. It is estimated ______ a round trip to Mars would take more than a year.
29. She ______ (claim) damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.
30. ______ (intrigue) by its rich history that spans more than 2,500 years, I decided to visit Yangzhou, which nestles in the heart of Jiangsu Province.
31. It is said that the old coins ______ (bury) under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered.
32. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the ______ (investigate), or they would have come to our help.
33. The helmets are designed to withstand impacts equivalent ______ a fall from a bicycle.
六、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
34. Maya civilisation (1) (surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. The Maya built (2) (impress) palaces and temples without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. The Maya's (3) (understand) of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing and it was applied (4) the Maya calendar. On top of all this was an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system.
The fact (5) Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak. Yet, within just a couple of (6) (generation), it began to mysteriously decline. Some research seems (7) (indicate) that the Maya people (8) (they) may have played a part in their downfall. They had turned wetlands into fields for growing grains, and had dug huge canal systems. By changing the landscape in this way, it is possible that the Maya people (9) (unknowing) reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters. Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.
Whatever the reasons, the rise and fall of this civilisation must leave us (10) (think) about our own past, present and future.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
35. Mount Wuyi (1) (locate) at the junction(汇合处) of Fujian and Jiangxi provinces. It is one of (2) first national key scenic spots. In December 1999, Mount Wuyi was listed as the World Cultural & Natural Heritage Site by the UNESCO.
With rich tourism (3) (resource), Mount Wuyi is a famous tea center in China. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was well known (4) a place of interest. It has a species-rich ecosystem, with over 3,728 kinds of plant species (5) about 5,000 species of wild animals. Mount Wuyi (6) (belong) to the typical Danxia landform. Except for the (7) (amaze) Danxia landform here, the Daoism culture and tea culture also attract tourists at home and abroad, (8) (especial) those coming from Singapore and Malaysia. The Mount Wuyi scenic area is quite large. Attractions there are dotted and distance between each other is quite long. It is not recommended (9) (visit) all the sites in the mountain, but some main attractions. With the ticket, you can reach all the attractions (10) include Heavenly Tour Peak, Wuyi Palace, Water Curtain Cave, etc.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
36. Located in the northwest of China, Xi'an is seen as the birthplace of the country's c______.
37. With the storm getting worse and worse, we had to a______ the car and continue on foot.
38. The recent cold weather has prevented residents from going out, which may account for the d______ in customer flow at the shopping mall.
39. What led to the ______ (衰败) of the cities is still unknown to all of us.
40. It is the steady growth in the economy that has played a major role in the continuing ______ (扩张) of the business.
41. Chang'e 5 will strengthen China's influence in the international space community. ______ (而且) it will offer more opportunities to lunar researchers around the world.
八、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）
42. 使我们骄傲的是中国已经在克服新冠肺炎疫情的消极影响和保持经济增长方面取得了很大的进展。（名词性从句）
__________ in overcoming the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and maintaining economic growth.
43. 那次谈话的文字记录与实际所说的话不符。(correspond；宾语从句）
The written record of the conversation doesn't __________.
44. 在我们再三思考前不假思索地否定这个想法是不明智的。(it作形式主语；dismiss）
__________ out of hand before we think about it over and over again.
45. 这款新型的汽车如此昂贵以至于超出了一般收入家庭的能力范围。(so... that...; beyond)
This new model of car is _______________________________ families with average incomes.
46. 那天我去拜访他的时候，我发现他坐在轮椅上，头埋在双手里。（动词-ing形式作状语；bury）
When I paid a call on him the other day, I found him sitting on an armchair, __________.
47. 如果你正驾驶较小的船，你最好避开大船的波浪，这些浪会导致你的船倾覆。(steer clear of)
If you are sailing a smaller boat, __________ a ship's waves, which will cause your boat to overturn.
48.
校英文报正在开展以“Into the unknown”为主题的征文活动，请你写一篇短文简要介绍埃及金字塔并投稿。
Pyramids (1) (已经在世界许多地方被建造). However, the most famous pyramids are the Egyptian pyramids in the Nile Valley huge structures built of huge stones, (2) (其中一些) are among the world's largest constructions. Most pyramids have a polished and highly reflective surface, giving them a shining appearance (3) (当从远处看时). The most representative one is the pyramid built for Khufu called the Great Pyramid of Giza, (4) (它被认为是) one of the Seven Wonders of the World.. It is 136.5 meters high now and (5) (它过去更高). It was built with 2.3 million huge stones. (6) each stone weighs 2.5 tons and the heaviest stone is 160 tons. (7) (没有记录) showing us (8) (这个巨大的建筑物是如何被建造的). The Egyptian pyramids, (9) (作为古埃及文明的象征), (10) (吸引上百万来自世界各地的游客) every year.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】文章介绍了在激光雷达的帮助下，在危地马拉发现了一座玛雅城市的废墟，新的研究表明这个失落的城市的规模远远超出了专家的想象，还有2万平方千米的土地有待探索。
根据画线词所在句子的前一句Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60, 000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, and more—have been identified in aerial(从飞机上的) images collected by some international researchers headed by the PACUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization.（隐藏在丛林的玛雅生物圈保护区遗址超过60000人造的特征——房屋、运河、高速公路，和更多的，已经在飞机拍摄的影像中被由PAGUNAM基金会——一个玛雅文化和自然遗产的组织，领导的一些国际研究者确定。）可知，画线词 those指代的是上一句中所说的人造的特征。故选B。
2. 根据第四段中的The technique has made many discoveries become a reality in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Belize can explain what it did. （近年来，这项技术使许多发现变成了现实。例如，在柬埔寨的吴哥窟和伯利兹的卡拉科尔的重大发现可以解释它的所作所为。）可知，第四段想要证明激光雷达对发现文物的贡献。故选D。
3. 根据最后一段内容（“调查数据中出现了我们之前不知道的整座城市，”该项目的首席考古学家之一弗朗西斯科·埃斯特拉达-贝利(Francisco Estrada-Belli)在即将播出的纪录片中说。他补充说:“还有2万平方公里有待探索，将会有数百个城市是神秘的人在那里建造了这个我们不知道的城市网络，我们将用技术推动前沿。”）可知，庞大而复杂最能描述失落的玛雅城。故选C。
4. 根据最后一段中的"There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities about the mysterious people who built this urban network there that we don't know about, and we will push back the frontiers with the technology," he added.（他补充说:“还有2万平方公里的土地有待开发，将会有数百个城市是关于那些神秘的人，他们在那里建造了我们所不知道的城市网络，我们将用这项技术往前沿推进。”）可知，考古学家下一步会继续探索未知。故选A。
5~9.【答案】A、E、D、F、G
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了水的重要性。当前世界上很多人喝不到干净的水，我们要珍惜水资源。
根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项（我们也间接地使用水）。符合上下文语境。故选A。
2. 根据下文That's around one in 10 people in the world. （那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世界上没有干净水喝的人数。故 E选项（你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗？）符合，上下文语境。故选E。
3. 根据上文Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. （而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water. 可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to get water。故D选项（如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。）符合上下文语境。故选D。
4. 结合下文On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. （每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，F选项（1993年，联合国决定3月22日为世界水日。）符合上下文语境。故选F。
5. 根据前文At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres of water.（在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知，本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意义是让孩子们了解芾着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项（通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。）符合上下文语境。故选G。
10~24.【答案】A、C、B、D、D、C、A、C、A、A、D、A、B、D、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了志愿活动让人们有机会改变别人的生活，包括自己的生活。作者自己也从在St. Clare's Hospital做志愿者的经历中获得了宝贵的技能和人生经验。
句意：它让你在别人的生活中扮演一个角色，帮助那些可能无法帮助自己的人，从而获得满足感。A.satisfaction满足感；B.wisdom智慧；C.convenience便利；D.comfort安慰。作者认为志愿者活动可以帮助他人，从而获得满足感。故选A。
2. 句意同上。A.protecting保护；B.reminding提醒；C.assisting帮助；D.leading带领。根据后文people who may not be able to help themselves可知，志愿者活动帮助那些无法帮助自己的人。故选C。
3. 句意：为什么不花点时间帮助别人呢？因为最终，善有善报，恶有恶报。A.literally字面上地； B.eventually最终地； C.interestingly有趣地；D.legally合法地。根据后文a little time to help others可知是花费时间帮助别人，短语spend some time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”。故选B。
4. 句意：我认为我在St. Clarets医院的经历中获得的最重要的价值之一是服务的重要性。A.length长度；B.condition条件；C.standard标准；D.importance重要性。根据the (4) of service.可知，在St. Clarets医院的经历让作者认识到了服务的重要性。故选D。
5. 句意：我相信通过志愿工作，我意识到了这一价值。A.influenced影响；B.predicted预测；C.attempted尝试；D.realized实现。根据语境可知，作者从自己在医院做志愿者的经历中认识到服务的重要性，并相信在医院的志愿服务实现了这一价值。故选D。
6. 句意：每次我结束我的志愿活动，我都会感觉更好，因为我做了一些有价值的事情。A.impossible不可能的；B.attractive有吸引力的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.challenging有挑战性的。根据Each time I end my volunteer turn, I feel better和This feeling has stimulated me to continue volunteering可知，作者每次做完志愿工作都感到非常好是因为自己做了值得的事情。故选C。
7. 句意：在过去的几年里，我对自己的处境感到不安，也感到沮丧，因为我觉得自己年纪还小，可能不会有太大的改变。A.situation处境；B.alternative可供替代的；C.privilege特权；D.intention目的。根据下文中的and was discouraged because I felt I might not make a big difference (8) my young age.可知，在过去的几年里，因为自己还年轻，作者无法做出一些有重大意义的事，所以感到沮丧，对自己的状况感到难过。故选A。
8. 句意同上。A.in place of代替；B.in spite of 即使；C.due to由于；D.as to因为。根据下文中的 and was discouraged because I felt I might not make a big difference (8) my young age.可知，在过去的几年里，因为自己还年轻，作者无法做出一些有重大意义的事，所以感到沮丧，对自己的状况感到难过。故选C。
9. 句意：然而，由于医院志愿者计划，我对此感到宽慰。A.relieved释然的；感到宽慰的；B.afraid害怕的 ；C.tired劳累的；D.sure肯定的。根据上文中的have been upset about和However以及下文中的I have come to include可知，作者经过这次在医院的志愿项目不再对自己的状况感到难过。故选A。
10. 句意：因为我在St. Clare医院参与的经历，我开始把服务作为我生活中必不可少的一部分。A.involvement参与；B.investigation调查; C.strategies策略; D.honours荣誉。根据上文中的the hospital volunteer programme可知，involvement“参与”符合语境。故选A。
11. 句意同上。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.outstanding杰出的；C.particular特别的；D.necessary必需的。根据下文中的I feel an obligation to do my best to help others可知，作者把志愿服务当做自己的义务，说明作者开始把志愿服务作为自己生活中必不可少的一部分。故选D。
12. 句意：我觉得有义务尽我所能帮助他人，尽我所能为社会做出贡献。A.contribute to做贡献；B.care for关心; C.approve of赞成; D.rely on依靠，依赖。根据上文中的do my best to help others可知，这里指对社会做贡献。故选A。
13. 句意：我知道，我作为St. Clare医院志愿者的经历是我长大成人的绝佳机会，我已经尽我所能地利用了这个机会。A.recover恢复；B.grow成长；C.survive幸存；D.serve服务。根据语境可知，此处指做志愿者的经历是作者长大成人的绝佳机会。故选B。
14. 句意：如果没有我的志愿者经历，我可能会是一个完全不同的人。A.gifted有天赋的；B.shy害羞的 ；C.reliable可信的；D.different不同的。根据上文中的my experience as a volunteer has been...the best of my ability可知，作者认为如果没有自己做志愿者的经历，自己可能会是一个完全不同的人。故选D。
15. 句意：我学到了宝贵的技能，也学到了人生中重要的经验，这不仅让我现在受益，也让我未来的生活受益。A.strikes 打击；B.benefits 受益；C.develops 发展；D.liberates 解放。根据语境和句意可知，此处表示作者从志愿者服务中学到了宝贵的技能和重要的人生经验，这些都让作者受益。故选B。
25.【答案】【小题1】
look into
【小题2】
throw yourself into
【小题3】
think twice
【小题4】
test the waters
【小题5】
shrink from
【小题6】
fell into ruin
【解析】1. 句意：由于已成立工作组调查此事，您可能会在几天内收到回复。look into“调查”，固定短语；空前已有动词不定式符号to，故此处应填动词原形。故填look into。
2. 句意：只有全身心投入到研究中，你才能最终实现成为考古学家的长期目标。throw sb. into“全身心投入”，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，故从句应用一般现在时。且主语为you，谓语动词用原形。故填throw yourself into。
3. 句意：那个在潜入冰冷的河里营救那个孩子之前三思而后行的人值得我们尊敬。think twice“三思而后行”，符合题意。助动词didn't后用动词原形。故填think twice。
4. 句意：没有人对新人工智能产品的成功有把握，所以在全国销售开始之前，它被引入了几家商店，只是为了试水。test the waters“试水”固定短语，符合题意；空前有动词不定式符号to，故此处应填动词原形。故填test the waters。
5. 句意：我们向他们明确表示，我们不会为了解决问题而回避冲突。shrink from“回避”固定短语，符合题意；would后用动词原形。故填shrink from。
6. 句意：清朝灭亡后，长城西段附近的一些城镇被遗弃，长城本身也陷入了废墟。fall into ruin“陷入废墟”固定短语，符合题意；分析句子可知，动作发生在过去，故此处应用一般过去时。故填fell into ruin。
26.【答案】to abandon
【解析】句意：随着技术的快速发展，当今大多数金融公司都渴望放弃现金支付。be keen to do sh.“渴望做某事”，为固定短语。故填to abandon。
27.【答案】remaining; remaining
【解析】句意：有事情待解决，这个小男孩仍然需要剩余的20美元来用。remain是系动词，没有被动语态，第一空作定语修饰20 dollars，remaining也是形容词，意为“剩余的”。第二空所在部分是with复合结构，the thing与remain之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填remaining; remaining。
28.【答案】that
【解析】句意：据估计去火星的往返之旅需要花费超过一年的时间。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故填that。
29.【答案】claimed
【解析】句意：她因受伤向公司要求获得损害赔偿金。根据had suffered可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填claimed。
30.【答案】Intrigued
【解析】句意：被超过2500年的丰富历史所吸引，我决定去游览位于江苏省中部的扬州。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词；且intrigue与I之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式作状语。句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Intrigued。
31.【答案】had been buried
【解析】句意：据说这些古老的硬币被发现的时候，已经被埋在地下大约100年了。根据by the time及were discovered可知，此处表示动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时；bury和the old coins之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填had been buried。
32.【答案】investigation
【解析】句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们在国外，否则的话他们就来帮助我们了。分析句子及根据空前的the可知，空处应用名词单数作宾语。investigate的名词形式是investigation，意为“调查”，可数名词，符合句意。故填investigation。
33.【答案】to
【解析】句意：这些头盔被设计成能承受相当于从自行车上摔下来的撞击。be equivalent to“相当于”，为固定用法。故填to。
34.【答案】【小题1】
has been surrounded
【小题2】
impressive
【小题3】
understanding
【小题4】
to
【小题5】
that
【小题6】
generations
【小题7】
to indicate
【小题8】
themselves
【小题9】
unknowingly
【小题10】
thinking
【解析】1. 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子可知，Maya civilisation与surround之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。根据since可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。且主语为Maya civilisation是单数形式，助动词应用has。故填has been surrounded。
2. 考查词形转换。分析句子可知，此处作定语，修饰palaces and temples，impressive形容词，意为“令人赞叹的”，符合句意。故填impressive。
3. 根据语境可知，此处表示“玛雅人对数学和天文学的理解”；分析句子及根据空前的The及空后的of可知，此处应用名词作主语，故填understanding。
4. 考查介词。apply sth. to sth.“应用某物于某物”，为固定用法，故填to。
5. 考查同位语从句。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明The fact的具体内容，应用that。故填that。
6. 考查名词复数。generation在此处意为“一代”，为可数名词，根据空前的a couple of可知，此处应用名词复数。故填generations。
7. 考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth.“似乎做某事”，为固定用法。故填to indicate。
8. 考查代词。此处是Maya people的同位语，应用themselves。故填themselves。
9. 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，修饰动词reduced，应用副词。故填unknowingly。
10. 考查非谓语动词。此处是“leave+宾语+宾补”结构，且表示动作持续进行，应用动词-ing形式。故填thinking。
35.【答案】【小题1】
is located
【小题2】
the
【小题3】
resources
【小题4】
as
【小题5】
and
【小题6】
belongs
【小题7】
amazing
【小题8】
especially
【小题9】
to visit
【小题10】
that
【解析】1. 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且Mount Wuyi与locate之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。主语为Mount Wuyi，be动词应用is。故填is located。
2. 考查冠词。根据first可知，此处应用冠词the；序数词前常加定冠词the。故填the。
3. 考查名词复数。resource名词，意为“资源”，可数名词，空前没有限定词，故用复数形式。故填resources。
4. 考查介词。be well known as意为“作为……而出名”，是固定词组。故填as。
5. 考查连词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处表示“和”，故用and。
6. 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语是Mount Wuyi，谓语动词用三单。故填belongs。
7. 考查形容词。分析句子可知，空处修饰Danxia landform，故用形容词；amazing形容词，意为“令人大为惊奇的”，符合句意。故填amazing。
8. 考查副词。分析句子可知，空处作状语，故用副词。故填especially。
9. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，应用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to visit。
10. 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，指代先行词attractions，且在从句中作主语，又根据all可知，此处应用that。
36.【答案】civilisation
【解析】句意：西安位于中国西北部，被视为中国文明的发源地。根据空前country's可知，此处应填名词；结合句意和首字母提示，civilisation名词，意为“文明”，不可数，符合句意。故填civilisation。
37.【答案】abandon
【解析】句意：随着风暴越来越大，我们只好弃车继续步行。根据空前had to可知，此处应填动词原形；结合句意和首字母提示可知，abandon动词，意为“放弃”，符合句意。故填abandon。
38.【答案】decline
【解析】句意：最近的寒冷天气使居民无法外出，这可能是购物中心客流量下降的原因。分析句子及空前the可知，此处应填名词作宾语；名词decline，意为“下降”，不可数，符合句意。故填decline。
39.【答案】downfall
【解析】句意：是什么导致了这些城市的衰落，我们大家仍然不知道。分析句子及根据空前the可知，此处应该填名词作宾语；downfall名词，意为“衰败”，不可数，符合句意。故填downfall。
40.【答案】expansion
【解析】句意：正是经济的稳定增长对该业务的持续扩张起到了重要作用。分析句子及根据空前形容词continuing可知，此处应填名词；结合句意和汉语提示，expansion名词，意为“扩张”，符合句意。故填expansion。
41.【答案】Furthermore
【解析】句意：嫦娥五号将加强中国在国际空间界的影响力。此外，它将为世界各地的月球研究人员提供更多机会。根据句意和汉语提示可知，furthermore副词，意为“此外，而且”，符合句意。句首首字母需大写。故填Furthermore。
42.【答案】What makes us proud is that China has made great progress
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“使我们骄傲的是中国已经......取得了很大的进展”。分析句子结构可知，此处应用what引导的主语从句；make sb. adj.“使某人......”固定用法；proud形容词，意为“骄傲的”；make great progress“取得很大进步”。根据句子结构可知，“中国已经......取得了很大的进展”应用that引导的表语从句，时态是现在完成时；主语为China，助动词应用has。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What makes us proud is that China has made great progress。
43.【答案】correspond to/with what was actually said
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“与实际所说的话不符”；correspond to/with“与......相符”固定短语；actually副词，意为“实际上”；分析句子结构可知，此处应用what引导的宾语从句，“实际所说的话”是过去发生的动作，故从句时态是一般过去时。故填correspond to/with what was actually said。
44.【答案】It is not wise to dismiss the idea
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“否定这个想法是不明智的”；分析句子可知，此处应用it's adj. to do sth.固定句型；wise形容词，意为“明智的”，dismiss动词，意为“驳回”，idea“想法”。分析可知，idea前用the 表示特指；句首单词的首字母应大写。故填It is not wise to dismiss the idea。
45.【答案】so expensive that it is beyond the reach of
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“如此昂贵以至于超出了”，此处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句；结合句中is以及句意可知，此处描述客观事实，为一般现在时；expensive昂贵的，形容词；beyond the reach of超出……的范围，固定短语。故填so expensive that it is beyond the reach of。
46.【答案】burying his head in his hands
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“头埋在双手里”；bury动词，意为“埋葬”；分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词；且bury和逻辑主语him是主谓关系，故应用动词的-ing形式作宾补；bury...in...“把......埋在......”固定用法。his“他的”，head“头”，应用单数；hand“手”，应用名词复数。故填burying his head in his hands。
47.【答案】you'd better steer clear of
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“你最好避开......”，had better意为“最好”，后用动词原形；steer clear of“避开；躲避”为固定短语；故填you'd better steer clear of。
48.【答案】【小题1】have been built in many parts of the world
【小题2】some of which
【小题3】when viewed from a distance
【小题4】which is considered as
【小题5】it used to be higher
【小题6】On average
【小题7】There's no record
【小题8】how the huge construction was built
【小题9】as a symbol of Ancient Egyptian civilisation
【小题10】attract millions of visitors from all over the world
【解析】1. 根据汉英提示和句子语境可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是Pyramids，故谓语应填have been built；in many parts of the world“在世界许多地方”为固定短语。故填have been built in many parts of the world。
2. 分析句子可知，some of...“......中一些”固定用法，此处是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填some of which。
3. 分析句子可知，此处应用when引导的时间状语从句，from a distance“从远处”固定短语；view动词，意为“看”；主语Most pyramids和view是被动关系，故应用when Most pyramids are viewed。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且谓语动词是be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。故填when viewed from a distance。
4. 分析句子可知，此处应用which引导的非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。be considered as“被认为......”固定短语，分析句子语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，所以be动词应用is。故填which is considered as。
5. used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”固定短语；it“它”；higher形容词比较级，意为“更高”。故填it used to be higher。
6. on average“平均地”，固定短语，符合句意；句首单词的首字母需大写。故填On average。
7. record名词，意为“记录”；分析句子结构可知，此处应用there be句型表示“有”，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时；句首单词的首字母需大写。故填There's no record。
8. 分析句子可知，此处应用how引导的宾语从句，表示“如何”；huge形容词，意为“巨大的”；construction名词，意为“建筑物”，前用定冠词the表示特指；build动词，意为“建造”，与主语construction是动宾关系；分析语境可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填how the huge construction was built。
9. as介词，意为“作为”；a symbol of“......的象征”，固定短语；Ancient Egyptian civilisation“埃及文明”。故填as a symbol of Ancient Egyptian civilisation。
10. attract动词，意为“吸引”，millions of“数以百万的”，from all over the world“来自全世界”，分析句子可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语是The Egyptian pyramids，故谓语动词用原形attract。故填attract millions of visitors from all over the world。
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一、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
A
The ruins of a Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR. This lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna, but shows that these famous areas are a small part of this lost urban network.
Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60, 000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, and more—have been identified in aerial(从飞机上的) images collected by some international researchers headed by the PACUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization. Those have experts rethinking the outlines and complexity of the Maya Empire.
These ancient people obviously created these imaginative cultures based on their known relics, but the new research has suggested that the size of this lost city is far beyond what experts imagined. The findings will be explored in a one-hour documentary called "Lost Treasures of the Maya Snake Kings", to be broadcast on the National Geographic Channel.
This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey lands in 3D by bouncing pulses off the ground from unmanned aerial vehicles and others. LiDAR is exceptionally useful for detecting archaeological sites, as it gets through jungles and other features that hold up exploration on the ground. The technique has made many discoveries become a reality in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Belize can explain what it did. The final goal is to survey Guatemala's lowlands with it.
"There are entire cities we didn't know about now showing up in the survey data," Francisco Estrada-Belli, one of the lead archaeologists on the project, said in the coming documentary. "There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities about the mysterious people who built this urban network there that we don't know about, and we will push back the frontiers with the technology," he added.
1. What does the underlined word "Those" in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Jungles. B. Human-made features.
C. Researchers. D. Aerial images.
2. What does the author want to convey in paragraph 4
A. The working principle of LiDAR sensors.
B. The process of researching Maya civilisation.
C. Great importance of Guatemala's lowlands.
D. LiDAR's contribution to discovering the relics.
3. Which words can best describe the lost Maya city
A. Small and hidden. B. Famous and high-tech.
C. Vast and complex. D. Fully-explored and imaginative.
4. What will the archaeologists do next
A. Continue to explore the unknown. B. Upgrade the LiDAR technology.
C. Study the documentary carefully. D. Build a massive urban network.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
(1) For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. (2) That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea(腹泻) from dirty water. That's around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. (3) Therefore, they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
(4) On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres of water. (5) People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water, they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
6. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
7. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
8. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
9. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
Volunteering gives you an opportunity to change people's lives, including your own. It gives you the (10) of playing a role in someone else's life, (11) people who may not be able to help themselves. Why not spare a little time to help others, because (12) , what goes around comes around.
I think one of the most important values I have gained through my experience at St. Clare's Hospital is the (13) of service. Service includes playing a positive part in the lives of others. I believe that through volunteering, I have (14) this value. Each time I end my volunteer turn, I feel better because I have done something (15) . This feeling has stimulated me to continue volunteering. In the past years I have been upset about my (16) , and was discouraged because I felt I might not make a big difference (17) my young age.
However, I am (18) of this because of the hospital volunteer programme. Due to my (19) at St. Clare's Hospital, I have come to include service as a(n) (20) part of my life. I feel an obligation to do my best to help others and (21) society in any way I can.
I know that my experience as a volunteer has been a wonderful opportunity to (22) as a person, and I have made use of this to the best of my ability. Without my volunteer experience, I might have been an absolutely (23) person. I have gained valuable skills, which not only (24) me now but my life in the future.
10. A. satisfaction B. wisdom C. convenience D. comfort
11. A. protecting B. reminding C. assisting D. leading
12. A. literally B. eventually C. interestingly D. legally
13. A. length B. condition C. standard D. importance
14. A. influenced B. predicted C. attempted D. realized
15. A. impossible B. attractive C. worthwhile D. challenging
16. A. situation B. alternative C. privilege D. intention
17. A. in place of B. in spite of C. due to D. as to
18. A. relieved B. afraid C. tired D. sure
19. A. involvement B. investigation C. strategies D. honours
20. A. unbelievable B. outstanding C. particular D. necessary
21. A. contribute to B. care for C. approve of D. rely on
22. A. recover B. grow C. survive D. serve
23. A. gifted B. shy C. reliable D. different
24. A. strikes B. benefits C. develops D. liberates
四、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
25.
throw sb. into; test the waters; fall into ruin; look into; set sail; all the more; think twice; shrink from;
(1) As a working party has been set up to__________ the matter, you may receive the reply within days.
(2) Only if you completely __________ your studies will you ultimately achieve your long-term goal of becoming an archaeologist.
(3) The man who didn't __________ before diving into the freezing river to rescue that child is worthy of our respect.
(4) No one was certain about the success of the new AI product, so it was introduced into a few stores just to __________ before national distribution began.
(5) We made it clear to them that we would not __________ conflicts to solve the problems.
(6) After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, some towns near the west part of the Great Wall were deserted and the Wall itself __________.
五、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
26. With the fast development of technology, most financial firms nowadays are keen______ (abandon) cash payments.
27. The little boy still needed the ______ (remain) 20 dollars to use with the things ______ (remain) to be settled.
28. It is estimated ______ a round trip to Mars would take more than a year.
29. She ______ (claim) damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.
30. ______ (intrigue) by its rich history that spans more than 2,500 years, I decided to visit Yangzhou, which nestles in the heart of Jiangsu Province.
31. It is said that the old coins ______ (bury) under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered.
32. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the ______ (investigate), or they would have come to our help.
33. The helmets are designed to withstand impacts equivalent ______ a fall from a bicycle.
六、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
34. Maya civilisation (1) (surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. The Maya built (2) (impress) palaces and temples without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. The Maya's (3) (understand) of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing and it was applied (4) the Maya calendar. On top of all this was an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system.
The fact (5) Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak. Yet, within just a couple of (6) (generation), it began to mysteriously decline. Some research seems (7) (indicate) that the Maya people (8) (they) may have played a part in their downfall. They had turned wetlands into fields for growing grains, and had dug huge canal systems. By changing the landscape in this way, it is possible that the Maya people (9) (unknowing) reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters. Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.
Whatever the reasons, the rise and fall of this civilisation must leave us (10) (think) about our own past, present and future.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
35. Mount Wuyi (1) (locate) at the junction(汇合处) of Fujian and Jiangxi provinces. It is one of (2) first national key scenic spots. In December 1999, Mount Wuyi was listed as the World Cultural & Natural Heritage Site by the UNESCO.
With rich tourism (3) (resource), Mount Wuyi is a famous tea center in China. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was well known (4) a place of interest. It has a species-rich ecosystem, with over 3,728 kinds of plant species (5) about 5,000 species of wild animals. Mount Wuyi (6) (belong) to the typical Danxia landform. Except for the (7) (amaze) Danxia landform here, the Daoism culture and tea culture also attract tourists at home and abroad, (8) (especial) those coming from Singapore and Malaysia. The Mount Wuyi scenic area is quite large. Attractions there are dotted and distance between each other is quite long. It is not recommended (9) (visit) all the sites in the mountain, but some main attractions. With the ticket, you can reach all the attractions (10) include Heavenly Tour Peak, Wuyi Palace, Water Curtain Cave, etc.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
36. Located in the northwest of China, Xi'an is seen as the birthplace of the country's c______.
37. With the storm getting worse and worse, we had to a______ the car and continue on foot.
38. The recent cold weather has prevented residents from going out, which may account for the d______ in customer flow at the shopping mall.
39. What led to the ______ (衰败) of the cities is still unknown to all of us.
40. It is the steady growth in the economy that has played a major role in the continuing ______ (扩张) of the business.
41. Chang'e 5 will strengthen China's influence in the international space community. ______ (而且) it will offer more opportunities to lunar researchers around the world.
八、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）
42. 使我们骄傲的是中国已经在克服新冠肺炎疫情的消极影响和保持经济增长方面取得了很大的进展。（名词性从句）
__________ in overcoming the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and maintaining economic growth.
43. 那次谈话的文字记录与实际所说的话不符。(correspond；宾语从句）
The written record of the conversation doesn't __________.
44. 在我们再三思考前不假思索地否定这个想法是不明智的。(it作形式主语；dismiss）
__________ out of hand before we think about it over and over again.
45. 这款新型的汽车如此昂贵以至于超出了一般收入家庭的能力范围。(so... that...; beyond)
This new model of car is _______________________________ families with average incomes.
46. 那天我去拜访他的时候，我发现他坐在轮椅上，头埋在双手里。（动词-ing形式作状语；bury）
When I paid a call on him the other day, I found him sitting on an armchair, __________.
47. 如果你正驾驶较小的船，你最好避开大船的波浪，这些浪会导致你的船倾覆。(steer clear of)
If you are sailing a smaller boat, __________ a ship's waves, which will cause your boat to overturn.
48.
校英文报正在开展以“Into the unknown”为主题的征文活动，请你写一篇短文简要介绍埃及金字塔并投稿。
Pyramids (1) (已经在世界许多地方被建造). However, the most famous pyramids are the Egyptian pyramids in the Nile Valley huge structures built of huge stones, (2) (其中一些) are among the world's largest constructions. Most pyramids have a polished and highly reflective surface, giving them a shining appearance (3) (当从远处看时). The most representative one is the pyramid built for Khufu called the Great Pyramid of Giza, (4) (它被认为是) one of the Seven Wonders of the World.. It is 136.5 meters high now and (5) (它过去更高). It was built with 2.3 million huge stones. (6) each stone weighs 2.5 tons and the heaviest stone is 160 tons. (7) (没有记录) showing us (8) (这个巨大的建筑物是如何被建造的). The Egyptian pyramids, (9) (作为古埃及文明的象征), (10) (吸引上百万来自世界各地的游客) every year.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】文章介绍了在激光雷达的帮助下，在危地马拉发现了一座玛雅城市的废墟，新的研究表明这个失落的城市的规模远远超出了专家的想象，还有2万平方千米的土地有待探索。
根据画线词所在句子的前一句Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60, 000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, and more—have been identified in aerial(从飞机上的) images collected by some international researchers headed by the PACUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization.（隐藏在丛林的玛雅生物圈保护区遗址超过60000人造的特征——房屋、运河、高速公路，和更多的，已经在飞机拍摄的影像中被由PAGUNAM基金会——一个玛雅文化和自然遗产的组织，领导的一些国际研究者确定。）可知，画线词 those指代的是上一句中所说的人造的特征。故选B。
2. 根据第四段中的The technique has made many discoveries become a reality in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Belize can explain what it did. （近年来，这项技术使许多发现变成了现实。例如，在柬埔寨的吴哥窟和伯利兹的卡拉科尔的重大发现可以解释它的所作所为。）可知，第四段想要证明激光雷达对发现文物的贡献。故选D。
3. 根据最后一段内容（“调查数据中出现了我们之前不知道的整座城市，”该项目的首席考古学家之一弗朗西斯科·埃斯特拉达-贝利(Francisco Estrada-Belli)在即将播出的纪录片中说。他补充说:“还有2万平方公里有待探索，将会有数百个城市是神秘的人在那里建造了这个我们不知道的城市网络，我们将用技术推动前沿。”）可知，庞大而复杂最能描述失落的玛雅城。故选C。
4. 根据最后一段中的"There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities about the mysterious people who built this urban network there that we don't know about, and we will push back the frontiers with the technology," he added.（他补充说:“还有2万平方公里的土地有待开发，将会有数百个城市是关于那些神秘的人，他们在那里建造了我们所不知道的城市网络，我们将用这项技术往前沿推进。”）可知，考古学家下一步会继续探索未知。故选A。
5~9.【答案】A、E、D、F、G
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了水的重要性。当前世界上很多人喝不到干净的水，我们要珍惜水资源。
根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项（我们也间接地使用水）。符合上下文语境。故选A。
2. 根据下文That's around one in 10 people in the world. （那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世界上没有干净水喝的人数。故 E选项（你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗？）符合，上下文语境。故选E。
3. 根据上文Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. （而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water. 可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to get water。故D选项（如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。）符合上下文语境。故选D。
4. 结合下文On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. （每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，F选项（1993年，联合国决定3月22日为世界水日。）符合上下文语境。故选F。
5. 根据前文At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres of water.（在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知，本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意义是让孩子们了解芾着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项（通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。）符合上下文语境。故选G。
10~24.【答案】A、C、B、D、D、C、A、C、A、A、D、A、B、D、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了志愿活动让人们有机会改变别人的生活，包括自己的生活。作者自己也从在St. Clare's Hospital做志愿者的经历中获得了宝贵的技能和人生经验。
句意：它让你在别人的生活中扮演一个角色，帮助那些可能无法帮助自己的人，从而获得满足感。A.satisfaction满足感；B.wisdom智慧；C.convenience便利；D.comfort安慰。作者认为志愿者活动可以帮助他人，从而获得满足感。故选A。
2. 句意同上。A.protecting保护；B.reminding提醒；C.assisting帮助；D.leading带领。根据后文people who may not be able to help themselves可知，志愿者活动帮助那些无法帮助自己的人。故选C。
3. 句意：为什么不花点时间帮助别人呢？因为最终，善有善报，恶有恶报。A.literally字面上地； B.eventually最终地； C.interestingly有趣地；D.legally合法地。根据后文a little time to help others可知是花费时间帮助别人，短语spend some time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”。故选B。
4. 句意：我认为我在St. Clarets医院的经历中获得的最重要的价值之一是服务的重要性。A.length长度；B.condition条件；C.standard标准；D.importance重要性。根据the (4) of service.可知，在St. Clarets医院的经历让作者认识到了服务的重要性。故选D。
5. 句意：我相信通过志愿工作，我意识到了这一价值。A.influenced影响；B.predicted预测；C.attempted尝试；D.realized实现。根据语境可知，作者从自己在医院做志愿者的经历中认识到服务的重要性，并相信在医院的志愿服务实现了这一价值。故选D。
6. 句意：每次我结束我的志愿活动，我都会感觉更好，因为我做了一些有价值的事情。A.impossible不可能的；B.attractive有吸引力的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.challenging有挑战性的。根据Each time I end my volunteer turn, I feel better和This feeling has stimulated me to continue volunteering可知，作者每次做完志愿工作都感到非常好是因为自己做了值得的事情。故选C。
7. 句意：在过去的几年里，我对自己的处境感到不安，也感到沮丧，因为我觉得自己年纪还小，可能不会有太大的改变。A.situation处境；B.alternative可供替代的；C.privilege特权；D.intention目的。根据下文中的and was discouraged because I felt I might not make a big difference (8) my young age.可知，在过去的几年里，因为自己还年轻，作者无法做出一些有重大意义的事，所以感到沮丧，对自己的状况感到难过。故选A。
8. 句意同上。A.in place of代替；B.in spite of 即使；C.due to由于；D.as to因为。根据下文中的 and was discouraged because I felt I might not make a big difference (8) my young age.可知，在过去的几年里，因为自己还年轻，作者无法做出一些有重大意义的事，所以感到沮丧，对自己的状况感到难过。故选C。
9. 句意：然而，由于医院志愿者计划，我对此感到宽慰。A.relieved释然的；感到宽慰的；B.afraid害怕的 ；C.tired劳累的；D.sure肯定的。根据上文中的have been upset about和However以及下文中的I have come to include可知，作者经过这次在医院的志愿项目不再对自己的状况感到难过。故选A。
10. 句意：因为我在St. Clare医院参与的经历，我开始把服务作为我生活中必不可少的一部分。A.involvement参与；B.investigation调查; C.strategies策略; D.honours荣誉。根据上文中的the hospital volunteer programme可知，involvement“参与”符合语境。故选A。
11. 句意同上。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.outstanding杰出的；C.particular特别的；D.necessary必需的。根据下文中的I feel an obligation to do my best to help others可知，作者把志愿服务当做自己的义务，说明作者开始把志愿服务作为自己生活中必不可少的一部分。故选D。
12. 句意：我觉得有义务尽我所能帮助他人，尽我所能为社会做出贡献。A.contribute to做贡献；B.care for关心; C.approve of赞成; D.rely on依靠，依赖。根据上文中的do my best to help others可知，这里指对社会做贡献。故选A。
13. 句意：我知道，我作为St. Clare医院志愿者的经历是我长大成人的绝佳机会，我已经尽我所能地利用了这个机会。A.recover恢复；B.grow成长；C.survive幸存；D.serve服务。根据语境可知，此处指做志愿者的经历是作者长大成人的绝佳机会。故选B。
14. 句意：如果没有我的志愿者经历，我可能会是一个完全不同的人。A.gifted有天赋的；B.shy害羞的 ；C.reliable可信的；D.different不同的。根据上文中的my experience as a volunteer has been...the best of my ability可知，作者认为如果没有自己做志愿者的经历，自己可能会是一个完全不同的人。故选D。
15. 句意：我学到了宝贵的技能，也学到了人生中重要的经验，这不仅让我现在受益，也让我未来的生活受益。A.strikes 打击；B.benefits 受益；C.develops 发展；D.liberates 解放。根据语境和句意可知，此处表示作者从志愿者服务中学到了宝贵的技能和重要的人生经验，这些都让作者受益。故选B。
25.【答案】【小题1】
look into
【小题2】
throw yourself into
【小题3】
think twice
【小题4】
test the waters
【小题5】
shrink from
【小题6】
fell into ruin
【解析】1. 句意：由于已成立工作组调查此事，您可能会在几天内收到回复。look into“调查”，固定短语；空前已有动词不定式符号to，故此处应填动词原形。故填look into。
2. 句意：只有全身心投入到研究中，你才能最终实现成为考古学家的长期目标。throw sb. into“全身心投入”，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，故从句应用一般现在时。且主语为you，谓语动词用原形。故填throw yourself into。
3. 句意：那个在潜入冰冷的河里营救那个孩子之前三思而后行的人值得我们尊敬。think twice“三思而后行”，符合题意。助动词didn't后用动词原形。故填think twice。
4. 句意：没有人对新人工智能产品的成功有把握，所以在全国销售开始之前，它被引入了几家商店，只是为了试水。test the waters“试水”固定短语，符合题意；空前有动词不定式符号to，故此处应填动词原形。故填test the waters。
5. 句意：我们向他们明确表示，我们不会为了解决问题而回避冲突。shrink from“回避”固定短语，符合题意；would后用动词原形。故填shrink from。
6. 句意：清朝灭亡后，长城西段附近的一些城镇被遗弃，长城本身也陷入了废墟。fall into ruin“陷入废墟”固定短语，符合题意；分析句子可知，动作发生在过去，故此处应用一般过去时。故填fell into ruin。
26.【答案】to abandon
【解析】句意：随着技术的快速发展，当今大多数金融公司都渴望放弃现金支付。be keen to do sh.“渴望做某事”，为固定短语。故填to abandon。
27.【答案】remaining; remaining
【解析】句意：有事情待解决，这个小男孩仍然需要剩余的20美元来用。remain是系动词，没有被动语态，第一空作定语修饰20 dollars，remaining也是形容词，意为“剩余的”。第二空所在部分是with复合结构，the thing与remain之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填remaining; remaining。
28.【答案】that
【解析】句意：据估计去火星的往返之旅需要花费超过一年的时间。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故填that。
29.【答案】claimed
【解析】句意：她因受伤向公司要求获得损害赔偿金。根据had suffered可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填claimed。
30.【答案】Intrigued
【解析】句意：被超过2500年的丰富历史所吸引，我决定去游览位于江苏省中部的扬州。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词；且intrigue与I之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式作状语。句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Intrigued。
31.【答案】had been buried
【解析】句意：据说这些古老的硬币被发现的时候，已经被埋在地下大约100年了。根据by the time及were discovered可知，此处表示动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时；bury和the old coins之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填had been buried。
32.【答案】investigation
【解析】句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们在国外，否则的话他们就来帮助我们了。分析句子及根据空前的the可知，空处应用名词单数作宾语。investigate的名词形式是investigation，意为“调查”，可数名词，符合句意。故填investigation。
33.【答案】to
【解析】句意：这些头盔被设计成能承受相当于从自行车上摔下来的撞击。be equivalent to“相当于”，为固定用法。故填to。
34.【答案】【小题1】
has been surrounded
【小题2】
impressive
【小题3】
understanding
【小题4】
to
【小题5】
that
【小题6】
generations
【小题7】
to indicate
【小题8】
themselves
【小题9】
unknowingly
【小题10】
thinking
【解析】1. 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子可知，Maya civilisation与surround之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。根据since可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。且主语为Maya civilisation是单数形式，助动词应用has。故填has been surrounded。
2. 考查词形转换。分析句子可知，此处作定语，修饰palaces and temples，impressive形容词，意为“令人赞叹的”，符合句意。故填impressive。
3. 根据语境可知，此处表示“玛雅人对数学和天文学的理解”；分析句子及根据空前的The及空后的of可知，此处应用名词作主语，故填understanding。
4. 考查介词。apply sth. to sth.“应用某物于某物”，为固定用法，故填to。
5. 考查同位语从句。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明The fact的具体内容，应用that。故填that。
6. 考查名词复数。generation在此处意为“一代”，为可数名词，根据空前的a couple of可知，此处应用名词复数。故填generations。
7. 考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth.“似乎做某事”，为固定用法。故填to indicate。
8. 考查代词。此处是Maya people的同位语，应用themselves。故填themselves。
9. 考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，修饰动词reduced，应用副词。故填unknowingly。
10. 考查非谓语动词。此处是“leave+宾语+宾补”结构，且表示动作持续进行，应用动词-ing形式。故填thinking。
35.【答案】【小题1】
is located
【小题2】
the
【小题3】
resources
【小题4】
as
【小题5】
and
【小题6】
belongs
【小题7】
amazing
【小题8】
especially
【小题9】
to visit
【小题10】
that
【解析】1. 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且Mount Wuyi与locate之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。主语为Mount Wuyi，be动词应用is。故填is located。
2. 考查冠词。根据first可知，此处应用冠词the；序数词前常加定冠词the。故填the。
3. 考查名词复数。resource名词，意为“资源”，可数名词，空前没有限定词，故用复数形式。故填resources。
4. 考查介词。be well known as意为“作为……而出名”，是固定词组。故填as。
5. 考查连词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处表示“和”，故用and。
6. 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语是Mount Wuyi，谓语动词用三单。故填belongs。
7. 考查形容词。分析句子可知，空处修饰Danxia landform，故用形容词；amazing形容词，意为“令人大为惊奇的”，符合句意。故填amazing。
8. 考查副词。分析句子可知，空处作状语，故用副词。故填especially。
9. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，应用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to visit。
10. 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，指代先行词attractions，且在从句中作主语，又根据all可知，此处应用that。
36.【答案】civilisation
【解析】句意：西安位于中国西北部，被视为中国文明的发源地。根据空前country's可知，此处应填名词；结合句意和首字母提示，civilisation名词，意为“文明”，不可数，符合句意。故填civilisation。
37.【答案】abandon
【解析】句意：随着风暴越来越大，我们只好弃车继续步行。根据空前had to可知，此处应填动词原形；结合句意和首字母提示可知，abandon动词，意为“放弃”，符合句意。故填abandon。
38.【答案】decline
【解析】句意：最近的寒冷天气使居民无法外出，这可能是购物中心客流量下降的原因。分析句子及空前the可知，此处应填名词作宾语；名词decline，意为“下降”，不可数，符合句意。故填decline。
39.【答案】downfall
【解析】句意：是什么导致了这些城市的衰落，我们大家仍然不知道。分析句子及根据空前the可知，此处应该填名词作宾语；downfall名词，意为“衰败”，不可数，符合句意。故填downfall。
40.【答案】expansion
【解析】句意：正是经济的稳定增长对该业务的持续扩张起到了重要作用。分析句子及根据空前形容词continuing可知，此处应填名词；结合句意和汉语提示，expansion名词，意为“扩张”，符合句意。故填expansion。
41.【答案】Furthermore
【解析】句意：嫦娥五号将加强中国在国际空间界的影响力。此外，它将为世界各地的月球研究人员提供更多机会。根据句意和汉语提示可知，furthermore副词，意为“此外，而且”，符合句意。句首首字母需大写。故填Furthermore。
42.【答案】What makes us proud is that China has made great progress
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“使我们骄傲的是中国已经......取得了很大的进展”。分析句子结构可知，此处应用what引导的主语从句；make sb. adj.“使某人......”固定用法；proud形容词，意为“骄傲的”；make great progress“取得很大进步”。根据句子结构可知，“中国已经......取得了很大的进展”应用that引导的表语从句，时态是现在完成时；主语为China，助动词应用has。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What makes us proud is that China has made great progress。
43.【答案】correspond to/with what was actually said
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“与实际所说的话不符”；correspond to/with“与......相符”固定短语；actually副词，意为“实际上”；分析句子结构可知，此处应用what引导的宾语从句，“实际所说的话”是过去发生的动作，故从句时态是一般过去时。故填correspond to/with what was actually said。
44.【答案】It is not wise to dismiss the idea
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“否定这个想法是不明智的”；分析句子可知，此处应用it's adj. to do sth.固定句型；wise形容词，意为“明智的”，dismiss动词，意为“驳回”，idea“想法”。分析可知，idea前用the 表示特指；句首单词的首字母应大写。故填It is not wise to dismiss the idea。
45.【答案】so expensive that it is beyond the reach of
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“如此昂贵以至于超出了”，此处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句；结合句中is以及句意可知，此处描述客观事实，为一般现在时；expensive昂贵的，形容词；beyond the reach of超出……的范围，固定短语。故填so expensive that it is beyond the reach of。
46.【答案】burying his head in his hands
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“头埋在双手里”；bury动词，意为“埋葬”；分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词；且bury和逻辑主语him是主谓关系，故应用动词的-ing形式作宾补；bury...in...“把......埋在......”固定用法。his“他的”，head“头”，应用单数；hand“手”，应用名词复数。故填burying his head in his hands。
47.【答案】you'd better steer clear of
【解析】根据汉英提示可知，此处缺少“你最好避开......”，had better意为“最好”，后用动词原形；steer clear of“避开；躲避”为固定短语；故填you'd better steer clear of。
48.【答案】【小题1】have been built in many parts of the world
【小题2】some of which
【小题3】when viewed from a distance
【小题4】which is considered as
【小题5】it used to be higher
【小题6】On average
【小题7】There's no record
【小题8】how the huge construction was built
【小题9】as a symbol of Ancient Egyptian civilisation
【小题10】attract millions of visitors from all over the world
【解析】1. 根据汉英提示和句子语境可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是Pyramids，故谓语应填have been built；in many parts of the world“在世界许多地方”为固定短语。故填have been built in many parts of the world。
2. 分析句子可知，some of...“......中一些”固定用法，此处是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填some of which。
3. 分析句子可知，此处应用when引导的时间状语从句，from a distance“从远处”固定短语；view动词，意为“看”；主语Most pyramids和view是被动关系，故应用when Most pyramids are viewed。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且谓语动词是be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。故填when viewed from a distance。
4. 分析句子可知，此处应用which引导的非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。be considered as“被认为......”固定短语，分析句子语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，所以be动词应用is。故填which is considered as。
5. used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”固定短语；it“它”；higher形容词比较级，意为“更高”。故填it used to be higher。
6. on average“平均地”，固定短语，符合句意；句首单词的首字母需大写。故填On average。
7. record名词，意为“记录”；分析句子结构可知，此处应用there be句型表示“有”，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时；句首单词的首字母需大写。故填There's no record。
8. 分析句子可知，此处应用how引导的宾语从句，表示“如何”；huge形容词，意为“巨大的”；construction名词，意为“建筑物”，前用定冠词the表示特指；build动词，意为“建造”，与主语construction是动宾关系；分析语境可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填how the huge construction was built。
9. as介词，意为“作为”；a symbol of“......的象征”，固定短语；Ancient Egyptian civilisation“埃及文明”。故填as a symbol of Ancient Egyptian civilisation。
10. attract动词，意为“吸引”，millions of“数以百万的”，from all over the world“来自全世界”，分析句子可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语是The Egyptian pyramids，故谓语动词用原形attract。故填attract millions of visitors from all over the world。
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