外研版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 6 Space and beyond-单元基础巩固（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 6 Space and beyond-单元基础巩固（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-23 15:55:40 | ||
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Unit 6 Space and beyond
一、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
A
For centuries, human beings have dreamed of travelling into space, orbiting our little blue planet. It seems that our dream will finally come true, as US startup Orion Span announced on April 5 that it planned to launch the first hotel in space in 2021. It will be ready to welcome guests the following year.
The space hotel, Aurora Station, will orbit 230 miles above Earth, circling it every 90 minutes. It can house two crew members and four guests. The crew members will likely be former NASA astronauts who worked on the International Space Station. However, there's a catch: Each guest must pay at least $ 9.5 million for a 12-day stay at the hotel.
Guests can do many exciting things aboard Aurora Station. According to Orion Span, guests can enjoy the excitement of zero gravity as they fly throughout the space hotel. They can watch 16 sunrises and sunsets every day and view the northern and southern auroras (极光) through the windows. They can take part in research experiments like growing food, and even take it home as a souvenir.
But most importantly, the trip will offer a real sense of what it's like to live in space. " The premise (前提) of Aurora Station is for guests to live and feel what it's like to be an astronaut," Frank Bunger, CEO of Orion Span, told the Robb Report. "The food and drinks are freeze-dried products. It's not going to be five-star dining...Fire and gas don't work the same way in space as they do on Earth."
To better prepare guests for space travel, the company will require a health screening and provide a three-month training program that helps guests understand basic spaceflight, orbital mechanics and life in the pressurized environment of space.
"Future Aurora owners can live in, visit, or sublease (转租) their space apartment," Bunger said in a news release. "This is an exciting frontier and Orion Span is proud to pave the way."
1. What can we learn about Aurora Station
A. It will be open to guests in 2021．
B. It can only serve four guests at a time.
C. It costs every guest 9.5 million a week.
D. It will invite NASA to train the guests.
2. What can guests do on Aurora Station
A. View beautiful auroras. B. Fly outside the space hotel.
C. Buy various souvenirs. D. Enjoy five-star meals.
3. According to Bunger, what is the main function of Aurora Station
A. To help people know the bravery of astronauts.
B. To tell the difference between Earth and space.
C. To provide real experiences of living in space.
D. To prepare people for future space exploration.
4. What's the best title for the text
A. A Satellite Orbiting the Earth
B. A Space Hotel—Aurora Station
C. Aurora Station: a New Living Place for Man
D. New Hotel That Brings People Great Benefits
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Volunteering in your community gives you a chance to give back. You'll feel a sense of pride when you are volunteering your time, and a local organization will benefit, too. If you want to start volunteering, the following tips will help.
Treat the application like a job. While some volunteer opportunities will be relatively low-key when it comes to the application process, others will want many of the same things an employer would want. For instance, many will have you fill out an application. They'll likely want to talk with you, as well as check your references. (1) . Be ready to talk about yourself, your background, and what you have to offer to the organization.
Ask what's expected of volunteers. Organizations are going to have certain requirements for their volunteers. Some may require training or a certain number of hours per week. (2) . The important thing is that you know what you're getting into ahead of time.
Complete any needed training. For some organizations, training will be minimal. You may need to attend a short orientation course, for instance. (3) . Certain organizations, for instance, require the volunteers to take a training course and get the certification that costs money, though you may be able to get assistance with the cost.
(4) . You can always back out, but it's better to commit just a little bit of time at first to see if you like volunteering at the organization. Once you've volunteered there for a short period and decided you like it, you can commit a longer period of time.
Move organizations if needed. You shouldn't stay in a volunteer position you're unhappy with. If you are unhappy, try asking whether your work could be shifted within the organization. (5) .
A. Start volunteering slowly
B. Review your weekly schedule
C. In other organizations, it may be more extensive
D. If that doesn't work, consider finding another opportunity somewhere else
E. You could also choose organizations that would develop skills you already have
F. Some may have a fixed volunteer schedule, while others may be more flexible
G. Spend some time preparing for the interview as much as you would for a job interview
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
6. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
7. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
8. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
9. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
Boyan Slat is 26. If you saw him walking down the street, you might think he was just a student at a local technical university. And so he was, seven years ago, right before he (10) college.
Slat's life began to (11) after a holiday trip to Greece with his family when he was 16. Before taking a diving course, he had (12) to see beautiful sea animals. However, what he (13) saw in the ocean was awful plastic waste. From that moment on, Slat dived into a (14) to find a solution to this (15) problem. Struck by the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the ocean, he (16) his own company at the age of 18. The idea was named one of the best (17) of 2015 by Time magazine.
After five and a half years' hard work, he (18) the world's first ocean plastic clean-up system: System 001. These floating barriers will capture plastic and ships will collect the waste and bring it to land for (19) every few months. According to Slat, if all goes according to plan, only 60 systems could (20) the amount of plastic there by as much as 50 per cent by 2025.
However, there (21) a problem: What will happen to the plastic brought back to shore from Slat's systems It's likely that lots of the waste will (22) be recycled into more single-use plastics that end up back in the (23) . That doesn't mean Slat will (24) . "Big problems require big solutions," he says. "If anyone has any better ideas, I'd love to know."
10. A. decided on B. dropped out of
C. took advantage of D. searched for
11. A. change B. recover C. suffer D. quicken
12. A. agreed B. managed C. promised D. expected
13. A. apparently B. potentially C. actually D. entirely
14. A. project B. book C. lake D. river
15. A. simple B. unique C. absurd D. alarming
16. A. left B. founded C. sold D. introduced
17. A. inventions B. tales C. channels D. dreams
18. A. sponsored B. launched C. restored D. reformed
19. A. trading B. hiding C. recycling D. testing
20. A. log B. reduce C. guarantee D. limit
21. A. advertises B. originates C. remains D. worsens
22. A. eventually B. frequently C. repeatedly D. precisely
23. A. ships B. mountains C. dustbins D. oceans
24. A. stress out B. set off C. take over D. give up
四、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
25.
set out; make it to; sign up for; cast a shadow on; tune in; on board; set foot on; become accustomed to
(1) COVID-19, which has ______ the global economy, has also given birth to new opportunities and business forms.
(2) We live in a world in which only the strongest can ______ the top.
(3) I found it difficult to ______ getting up so early before, but I did finally manage.
(4) With the plane to take off in ten minutes, all the passengers ______ are asked to turn off their mobile phones.
(5) It is reported that there is an increasing number of youngsters ______ to watch live e-sports competitions.
(6) Early explorers were eager to ______ the enormous land mass that they thought existed in the south.
五、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
26. The little girl was so terrified of the snake that she ran crying and ______ (scream) to her mother.
27. After the telescope was invented, the mankind's power to investigate stars invisible ______ the naked eyes changed dramatically.
28. All these documents must ______ (submit) to the university you are applying to before December.
29. Some villages in that area don't have a well, so people have to walk a mile ______ (fetch) water with containers.
30. The research conducted by the expert has strengthened the notion ______ fathers have an important role in their children's lives.
31. The transfer of the solar energy takes place almost ______ (instantaneous) so little energy is wasted as heat.
32. Try to appreciate the world from ______ different angle and you will find how wonderful life is.
33. ______ (simulate) space adventures are provided by the Space Camp under NASA, allowing children the chance to learn about space travel.
六、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
34. Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, the notion of space travel (1) (become) unexceptional to the public. When the Challenger space shuttle took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the achievements of the astronauts (2) (involve). But this was going to be no ordinary excursion, and millions of people witnessed its take-off on TV. It was special (3) Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space. She hoped (4) (rekindle) interest in the space programme and communicate (5) sense of excitement by giving two 15-minute lessons from orbit.
However, (6) (tragic), the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off and all seven astronauts on board were killed. It was the (7) (disastrous) space accident ever, and the world went into shock. Following the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights (8) (suspend) for nearly three years. But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue. In 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger. The memory of those seven will live forever, inspiring us to join them (9) humanity's greatest journey of discovery and (10) (explore).
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
35. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was (1) impossible dream. However, some scientists determined to help humans realize their dream of exploring space.
On 4 October, 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (2) (launch) and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, (3) (astronaut) including Yuri Gagarin and Neil Armstrong were sent into space. Following this, America's NASA launched Voyager 1 on 5 September, 1977.
However, exploring space is filled with risks and even disasters, which make everyone sad and (4) (disappoint). But people still believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.
An example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station. It (5) (orbit) Earth and has astronauts from different countries (6) board, providing a continuous human presence in space.
China became the third country in the world to (7) (independent) send humans into space in 2003, (8) Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. In 2016, China launched the Tiangong-2 space lab into space, (9) (signal) one step further in China's plan to establish a space station. More recently, China has sent Chang'e-4 (10) (explore) the surface of the far side of the moon.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
36. What is a______ is the speed and effectiveness with which China develops its 5G technology.
37. It takes a lot of s______ to take outdoor exercise on a regular basis in winter.
38. Despite his u______ talent, he managed to stay at the sports' highest level with a superior grasp of strategy, planning and psychology.
39. Using the new digital techniques, Spielberg made ______ (逼真的) dinosaurs run around in Jurassic Park.
40. According to the new regulation, all the ______ (全体工作人员) members shall be provided with health and safety protection.
41. Implementing trash sorting is not as ______ (简单) as it sounds and it needs the combination of policies and persistent human efforts.
八、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）
42. 关于这种动物的灭绝有几种理论，其中一种认为它可能是由气候变化引起的。（情态动词+have done）
There are several theories about the extinction of this animal, one of which says it ____________________ by the climate change.
43. 这些士兵全力以赴来拯救洪灾地区的受害者，无论多么危险。（让步状语从句；hazardous)
These soldiers went all out to save the victims in the flooded area, ____________.
44. 你无法想象那是多么难的一道数学题，但是那位没有受过大学教育的年轻人把它解了出来。(how+形容词+a/an+名词+主语+谓语）
You couldn't imagine __________, but the young man who didn't receive college education worked it out.
45. 这本书如此受欢迎，以至于许多人去看由它改编而来的电影。(so...that...结构；倒装）
____________ many people went to see the film adapted from it.
46. 技术创新与良好的营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。（动词的-ed形式作状语）
Technological innovations, ____________ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
47. 在这个小城镇生活了几乎一辈子后，探索世界的想法正呼唤着我。(call to)
After I live in this small town almost my whole life, the thought of exploring the world __________.
48.
在太空中生活与在地球上有很多不同之处，请你在英语课上写一篇短文介绍在太空中的生活。
Living in space is not (1) (和生活在地球上一样). In space, even the most straightforward tasks are quite difficult for astronauts who are spending months (2) (在宇宙飞船上).
In space, astronauts' bodies change. In this zero gravity world, astronauts float. (3) (没有重力推挤), their bones begin to get weak and thin, (4) (这对……非常不好) astronauts. So they have to (5) (定期锻炼) to compensate for the bad effects of microgravity on their body.
Sleeping in space (6) (会很有挑战性)! In a weightless environment, astronauts cannot "lie down" to sleep and they need to be strapped to sleeping compartments to (7) (保护他们自己免受伤害). As for meals, while some food items can be eaten in more or less the same way that they are on Earth, water (8) (需要被添加到) much of the food that is eaten in space. Besides, water supplies on the International Space Station are very limited, so the methods that astronauts use to stay clean (9) (很像被使用的那些) on camping trips! In any event, water does not "flow" in microgravity: (10) (因此他们洗澡是不可能的), wash their hands or go to the bathroom in the same way as on Earth.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】B、A、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一个太空旅行项目：Aurora Station太空酒店。
1. 根据第二段中的It can house two crew members and four guests.可知，Aurora Station每次只能接待四名客人。故选B。
2. 根据第三段中的view the northern and southern auroras (极光) through the windows可知，客人可以在太空酒店欣赏极光。故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的But most importantly, the trip will offer a real sense of what it's like to live in space...Frank Bunger, CEO of Orion Span, told the Robb Report.（但最重要的是，这次旅行将让人们真正体会到生活在太空中的感觉。Orion Span公司首席执行官Frank Bunger在接受《Robb Report》采访时表示：“奥罗拉空间站的前提是让游客感受宇航员的感觉。”）可知，Aurora Station的主要功能是提供生活在太空中的真实体验。故选C。
4. 本文主要讲述了一个太空旅行项目：Aurora Station太空酒店。故B项适合作本文的标题。故选B。
5~9.【答案】G、F、C、A、D
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了如何开始志愿工作。
根据本段主题句Treat the application like a job（把申请当作一份工作。）和空后的Be ready to talk about yourself, your background, and what you have to offer to the organization（准备好谈论关于你自己的问题、你的背景，以及你能为公司带来什么。）可知，此处是建议花时间为面试做一些准备。G项（花点时间准备面试，就像你准备工作面试一样）符合语境。故选G。
2. 根据空前句Some may require training or a certain number of hours per week. （有些可能需要训练或每周一定的小时数。）可知，一些组织可能需要对志愿者进行培训或是要求一星期工作几个小时，F项（一些组织可能有一个固定的志愿工作计划，然而其他组织可能更加灵活）承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
3. 根据空前句Complete any needed training. For some organizations, training will be minimal. You may need to attend a short orientation course, for instance.（完成任何有必要的培训。对于一些组织，培训可能比较少。例如，你可能需要参加一个短期的入门课程。）可知，一些组织中，培训可能比较少；及根据空后句Certain organizations, for instance, require the volunteers to take a training course and get the certification that costs money, though you may be able to get assistance with the cost.（例如，某些组织要求志愿者参加培训课程并获得需要花钱的认证，尽管您可能能够获得费用方面的帮助。）可知，提到一些组织则要求志愿者参加一些课程，故C项起承上启下的作用，且C项中的“other”和空前的“some”相呼应。故选C。
4. 本段主要讲述的是在进行志愿工作之前，先花一部分时间看看你是否喜欢某个组织的志愿活动，故A项（慢慢地开始做义工）适合作本段的主题句。故选A。
5. 根据空前句Move organizations if needed. You shouldn't stay in a volunteer position you're unhappy with. If you are unhappy, try asking whether your work could be shifted within the organization. （如果需要，调动组织。你不应该呆在你不满意的志愿者岗位上。如果你不开心，试着问一下你的工作是否可以在公司内部变动。）可知，本段主要讲述的是在必要的时候更换志愿组织，故D项（如果这还不行，考虑在其他地方寻找机会）符合语境。故选D。
10~24.【答案】B、A、D、C、A、D、B、A、B、C、B、C、A、D、D
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了Boyan Slat专注于解决海洋污染问题，并发明了世界上第一个海上塑料清理系统，这个系统定期将海里的塑料垃圾运上岸并进行回收。
句意：博扬·斯莱特26岁。如果你看到他走在街上，你可能会认为他只是当地一所技术大学的学生。七年前，就在他大学辍学之前，他就是这样。decided on选定；dropped out of退学；took advantage of利用；searched for查找。根据上文中的And so he was, seven years ago可知，Boyan Slat没退学之前是一名大学生。B项符合语境。故选B。
2. 句意：16岁时，Slat和家人去希腊度假旅行后，他的生活开始发生变化。change改变；recover恢复；suffer遭受；quicken加快。根据下文中的From that moment on, Slat dived into a (5) to find a solution to this (6) problem.可知，16岁时，Boyan Slat和家人去了希腊度假之后，他的生活就发生了改变，从那时起他开始潜心研究解决海洋塑料垃圾问题的方法。故选A。
3. 句意：在参加潜水课程之前，他希望能看到美丽的海洋动物。agreed同意；managed经营，管理；promised承诺；expected期待。根据上文中的Before taking a diving course可推知，他是带着能看到美丽的海洋动物的期待去上潜水课的。故选D。
4. 句意：然而，他在海洋中看到的实际上是可怕的塑料垃圾。apparently显然地；potentially可能地；actually实际上；entirely完全地。根据上文中的However可知，此处表示他实际看到的与他期望看到的事物不同。故选C。
5. 句意：从那一刻起，Slat开始着手一个项目，寻找解决这个令人担忧的问题的方法。project项目; book书籍；lake湖泊；river河流。根据下文中的find a solution to this (6) problem.可知，他想找到解决这个令人担忧的问题的方法，因此潜心研究这个项目。故选A。
6. 句意同上。simple简单的；unique独一无二的；absurd荒谬的；alarming令人担忧的。根据句意，此处表示这个令人担忧的问题，D项符合语境。故选D。
7. 句意：他在18岁时创立了自己的公司，当时他被一种可以在海洋中收集塑料的漂浮屏障的想法所触动。left离开；founded建立；sold卖；introduced介绍。根据下文中的his own company可知，他创立了自己的公司。故选B。
8. 句意：这个想法被《时代》杂志评为2015年最佳发明之一。inventions发明；tales故事；channels通道，频道；dreams梦想。根据上文中的the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the ocean可知，漂浮屏障是一项发明。故选A。
9. 句意：经过五年半的努力，他推出了世界上第一个海洋塑料清理系统：system 001。sponsored赞助；launched启动，正式推出；restored修复；reformed改革。根据下文中的the world's first ocean plastic clean-up system可知，此处表示他推出了世界上第一个海洋塑料清理系统。故选B。
10. 句意：这些漂浮的屏障将捕获塑料垃圾，船只将收集垃圾，每隔几个月将其带回陆地进行回收。trading交易；hiding把……藏起来；recycling回收；testing测试。根据下文中的It's likely that lots of the waste will (13) be recycled into more single-use plastics可知，从海洋里收集的垃圾会被回收。故选C。
11. 句意：Slat表示，如果一切按计划进行，到2025年，仅60个系统就可以将塑料的数量减少50%。log正式记录；reduce减少；guarantee保证；limit限制。根据上文中的These floating barriers will capture plastic and ships will collect the waste and bring it to land for (10) every few months.可知，海洋塑料清理系统是以“捕捞海洋中的塑料并将其运往岸上回收”为工作原理的，因此是在减少海洋中的塑料垃圾。故选B。
12. 句意：然而，仍然存在一个问题：从Slat系统带回海岸的塑料会发生什么？advertises登广告；originates起源；remains仍然存在；worsens变得更糟。根据下文中的What will happen to the plastic brought back to shore from Slat's systems 可知，仍然有会怎么处理Slat的系统带回岸上的塑料的疑问。故选C。
13. 句意：很有可能，很多垃圾最终会被回收成更多的一次性塑料，最终会重新回到海洋。eventually最终；frequently经常；repeatedly反复地；precisely恰好地。根据空后的be recycled into more single-use plastics that end up back可知，被回收的塑料垃圾最后会被做成更多一次性使用的塑料制品，最终会重新回到海洋。故选A。
14. 句意同上。ships船；mountains山；dustbins垃圾箱；oceans海洋。结合句意，此处指垃圾被制成塑料制品后，重新回到海洋。D项符合语境。故选D。
15. 句意：这并不意味着Slat会放弃。stress out过度劳累，紧张；set off出发；take over接管，接收；give up放弃。根据下文可知，面对上文提及的问题，他并没有知难而退，没有放弃。故选D。
25.【答案】【小题1】
cast a shadow on
【小题2】
make it to
【小题3】
become accustomed to
【小题4】
on board
【小题5】
tuning in
【小题6】
set foot on
【解析】1. 句意：新冠肺炎给全球经济蒙上了阴影，也带来了新的机遇和商业形式。根据句意可知，空处应填cast a shadow on，意为“使……笼罩上阴影”，符合题意；根据空前的助动词has可知，空处应填动词的-ed形式构成现在完成时；cast的动词的-ed形式为cast。故填cast a shadow on。
2. 句意：我们生活在强者为尊的世界里。根据句意可知，空处应填make it to，意为“到达”，符合题意；且空前有情态动词can，故空处应填动词原形。故填make it to。
3. 句意：我发现以前很难习惯这么早起床，但我终于做到了。根据句意可知，空处应填become accustomed to，意为“习惯于”，符合题意；且空前有不定式符号to ，空处应填动词原形。故填become accustomed to。
4. 句意：飞机还有十分钟就要起飞了，机上所有的乘客都被要求关掉手机。根据句意可知，空处应填on board，意为“在船（火车、飞机）上”，符合题意。故填on board。
5. 句意：据报道，越来越多的年轻人收看电子竞技比赛直播。根据句意可知，空处应填tune in，意为“收听，观看”，符合题意；分析句子可知，youngsters与tune之间为主动关系，所有空处应用动词的-ing形式。故填tuning in。
6. 句意：早期的探险家渴望踏上他们认为存在于南方的大片土地。根据句意可知，空处应填set foot on，意为“踏上”，符合题意；且空前有动词不定式符号to，故空处应填动词原形。故填set foot on。
26.【答案】screaming
【解析】句意：这个小女孩如此害怕那条蛇，以至于她哭着尖叫着跑向了她的母亲。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词形式，且she与scream之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填screaming。
27.【答案】to
【解析】句意：望远镜被发明后，人类研究肉眼看不到的恒星的能力发生了巨大的变化。invisible to意为“看不见的”，是固定用法。故填to。
28.【答案】be submitted
【解析】句意：在12月之前，所有这些文件都必须提交给你所申请的大学。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，且All these documents与submit之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据空前的must可知，此处应填be submitted。故填be submitted。
29.【答案】to fetch
【解析】句意：那个地区的一些村庄没有水井，因此人们不得不拿着容器走一英里去取水。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to fetch。
30.【答案】that
【解析】句意：这位专家进行的研究支持了父亲在孩子的人生中起重要作用这一观念。分析句子可知，空处引导同位语从句，空后内容是对notion的具体说明，故填that。
31.【答案】instantaneously
【解析】句意：太阳能的传递几乎是瞬间发生的，所以很少能量以热的形式耗散掉。分析句子可知，空处作状语，应用副词形式；instantaneously意为“即刻，突如其来地”，副词，符合题意。故填instantaneously 。
32.【答案】a
【解析】句意：试着从一个不同的角度去欣赏这个世界，你会发现生活是多么的美好。angle角度，立场，可数名词；此处表泛指，且different的读音以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a修饰。
33.【答案】Simulated
【解析】句意：美国国家航空航天局下属的太空营提供模拟太空冒险机会，让孩子们有机会了解太空旅行。分析句子可知，空处应用形容词修饰space adventures；simulated意为“模拟的”，形容词，符合题意。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Simulated。
34.【答案】【小题1】
has become
【小题2】
involved
【小题3】
because
【小题4】
to rekindle
【小题5】
a
【小题6】
tragically
【小题7】
most disastrous
【小题8】
were suspended
【小题9】
in
【小题10】
exploration
【解析】1. 根据句中Ever since可知，此处应用现在完成时，结构为has/have+done。主句主语为the notion of space travel，助动词应用has。故填has become。
2. 分析句子可知，主句已有谓语动词seemed，所以空处为非谓语动词。名词astronauts与动词involve之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的过去分词表示被动。故填involved。
3. 分析句子可知，空后句Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space（37岁的Christa McAuliffe是一名普通的教师和母亲，她即将成为第一个进入太空的平民。）解释空前句It was special的具体原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
4. 分析句子可知，此处为固定短语hope to do sth，意为“希望做某事”，后接动词不定式。故填to rekindle。
5. 分析句子可知，空后名词sense意为“感觉，意识”时，是可数名词，此处表泛指，且sense的发音以辅音音素开头，应为不定冠词a。a sense of excitement兴奋感，固定短语，符合语境。故填a。
6. 分析句子可知，空处为副词作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词tragically，意为“不幸地”。故填tragically。
7. 根据句中ever和语境，结合空前定冠词the可知，此处表示“最糟糕的太空事故”，应用形容词最高级形式作定语。故填most disastrous。
8. 分析句子可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语space shuttle flights与动词suspend是动宾关系，应用被动语态，所以此处为一般过去时的被动语态。主语space shuttle flights是复数意义，be动词用were。故填were suspended。
9. 分析句子可知，此处为固定短语join sb in sth，意为“和某人一起参加某事”。故填in。
10. 分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语。根据与空处并列的discovery可知，此处应和discovery并列，也用名词形式exploration，意为“探索”。故填exploration。
35.【答案】【小题1】
an
【小题2】
was launched
【小题3】
astronauts
【小题4】
disappointed
【小题5】
orbits
【小题6】
on
【小题7】
independently
【小题8】
when
【小题9】
signaling/signalling
【小题10】
to explore
【解析】1. dream为可数名词，此处表示“一个不可能的梦想”，表泛指，且impossible的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
2. 分析句子可知，the Sputnik 1 satellite和launch之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；且根据On 4 October, 1957可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为the Sputnik 1 satellite是单数形式，be动词用was。故填was launched。
3. 分析句子可知，此处作主语，且根据空后的were sent into space可知，此处应用名词复数。故填astronauts。
4. 此处为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，空处和sad并列作宾语补足语；根据everyone可知，应用disappointed形容词，意为“失望的，沮丧的”，符合题意。故填disappointed。
5. 分析句子可知，It指代上文中的the International Space Station，和orbit之间是主谓关系，又根据本句中的has可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填orbits。
6. on board意为“在船上（或飞机上、火车上）”，为固定搭配。故填on。
7. 分析句子可知，空处修饰动词send，应用副词形式。故填independently。
8. 分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
9. 分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词；signal与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，此处应用动词-ing形式作状语，故填signaling/signalling。
10. 分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to explore。
36.【答案】awesome
【解析】句意：令人惊叹的是中国发展5G技术的速度和效率。分析句子结构可知，空处应填形容词作表语；结合句意和首字母提示，空处应填awesome形容词，意为“让人惊叹的，令人敬畏的”，符合题意。故填awesome 。
37.【答案】self-discipline
【解析】句意：冬天经常进行户外运动需要很强的自律能力。由a lot of可知，空处需填名词。结合句意和首字母提示可知，self-discipline，意为“自律，自我约束能”，不可数名词，符合语境。故填self-discipline。
38.【答案】unexceptional
【解析】句意：尽管他有着非同寻常的天赋，但他凭借对战略、计划和心理的卓越把握，成功地保持了体育界的最高水平。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词talent；结合句意和首字母提示，空处应填unexceptional形容词，意为“非同寻常的”，符合题意。故填unexceptional 。
39.【答案】lifelike
【解析】句意：斯皮尔伯格利用新的数字技术，在《侏罗纪公园》中制作了栩栩如生的恐龙。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词dinosaurs；结合句意和汉语提示，空处应填lifelike，意为“逼真的”，形容词，符合题意。故填lifelike。
40.【答案】crew
【解析】句意：根据新规定，全体工作人员都应得到健康和安全保护。分析句子可知，空处应填名词作主语；结合句意和汉语提示，空处应填crew名词，意为“全体工作人员”，符合题意。故填crew。
41.【答案】straightforward/simple
【解析】句意：实施垃圾分类并不像听起来那么简单，它需要政策和持续的人力努力相结合。结合句意和汉语提示，straightforward形容词，意为“简单的”；simple形容词，意为“简单的”，都符合题意。故填straightforward/simple。
42.【答案】might have been caused
【解析】根据中英文提示可知，空处缺少“引起”，译为“cause”。根据括号内的提示以及句意可知，此处为might have done表示对过去的推测，意为“可能会”。此处it代指上文中提到的the extinction of this animal，且动词cause与it之间是被动关系。故填might have been caused。
43.【答案】no matter how hazardous it was
【解析】根据句意可知，空处缺少部分为“危险”，译为“hazardous”；结合汉语意思和所给提示可知，此处需用no matter how来引导让步状语从句，后面用陈述句语序；根据主句的谓语went可知，空处时态应用一般过去时；“无论多么危险”应译为“no matter how hazardous it was”。故填no matter how hazardous it was。
44.【答案】how difficult a math problem it was
【解析】根据汉语意思，空处缺少部分为“多么”译为“how"，“难”译为“difficult”，“一道数学题”译为“a math problem”。分析句子可知，空处应用how引导宾语从句，从句应用陈述句，且根据could't可知，空处时态也应用一般过去时；结合句意和汉语提示，空处应译为“how difficult a math problem it was”，符合题意。故填how difficult a math problem it was。
45.【答案】So popular was the book that
【解析】根据句意可知，空处缺少部分“书”译为“book”，“受欢迎”译为“popular”。分析句子可知，此处应用so...that...引导结果状语从句，且若将so+adj./adv.置于句首时，其后的主句要用部分倒装。根据后面的went可知，空处时态应为一般过去时，所以应填so popular was the book that。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填So popular was the book that。
46.【答案】combined with
【解析】根据句意可知，空处缺少部分“结合”译为“combine with”。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语为promote，所以空处在句中作非谓语，且combine与Technological innovations之间为动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式。故填combined with。
47.【答案】is calling to me
【解析】根据句意可知，空处缺少部分“呼唤”应译为“call to”。根据语境可知，此处应用现在进行时，且主语为the thought of exploring the world是单数，be动词应用is。故填is calling to me。
48.【答案】【小题1】
the same as living on Earth
【小题2】
on board a spacecraft
【小题3】
With no gravity to push against
【小题4】
which is very bad for
【小题5】
exercise on a regular basis
【小题6】
can be very challenging
【小题7】
protect themselves from injury
【小题8】
needs to be added to/need be added to
【小题9】
are a lot like those used
【小题10】
it is therefore impossible for them to take a shower
【解析】1. 根据汉语提示，the same as“和……一样”，固定短语；live“生活”，on Earth“在地球上”。根据空前的is可知，此处应用动词的-ing形式构成现在进行时。故填the same as living on Earth。
2. 根据汉语提示可知，spacecraft名词，意为“宇宙飞船”，on board“在船上”。且spacecraft为可数名词，空前应用不定冠词a修饰。故填on board a spacecraft。
3. 根据汉语提示，no“没有”，gravity“重力”，push against“挤推”固定短语。分析句子可知，此处应用with的复合结构，即with +宾语+宾补，此处应用不定式作宾语补足语，应填with no gravity to push against。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填With no gravity to push against。
4. 根据汉语提示可知，be bad for“对……不好”，固定短语。分析句子及结合语境可知，此处应用which引导非限定性定语从句，此句时态是一般现在时。故填which is very bad for。
5. 根据汉语提示可知，exercise“锻炼”，on a regular basis“定期”，固定短语。分析句子可知，空前有动词不定式符号to，exercise应用动词原形。故填exercise on a regular basis。
6. 根据汉语提示可知，情态动词can意为“会”，very副词，意为“很”，challenging形容词，意为“挑战性的”。分析句子可知，空处应表示系表结构，且情态动词can后用动词原形，所以空处应填can be very challenging。故填can be very challenging。
7. 根据汉语提示可知，protect...from...意为“保护……免受……”固定短语，themselves“他们自己”，injury意为“伤害”。分析句子及空前的and可知，空处应填动词原形与sleep保持一致。故填protect themselves from injury。
8. 根据汉语提示可知，need“需要”，即可作实义动词也可作情态动词；be added to“被添加”。当need为实义动词时，主语water为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故空处应填needs to be added to；当need为情态动词时，后应接动词原形，应填need be added to。故填needs to be added to/need be added to。
9. 根据汉语提示，be like“像”；a lot副词短语，意为“很”；those“那些”；used非谓语动词，意为“被使用”，在句中做后置定语。本句应用一般现在时，主语为the methods是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are a lot like those used。
10. 根据句意可知，therefore“因此”，take a shower“洗澡”，固定短语；impossible形容词，意为“不可能的”。分析句子可知，此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语用动词不定式；结合上下文语境，时态应为一般现在时。故填it is therefore impossible for them to take a shower。
第2页，共21页
一、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）
A
For centuries, human beings have dreamed of travelling into space, orbiting our little blue planet. It seems that our dream will finally come true, as US startup Orion Span announced on April 5 that it planned to launch the first hotel in space in 2021. It will be ready to welcome guests the following year.
The space hotel, Aurora Station, will orbit 230 miles above Earth, circling it every 90 minutes. It can house two crew members and four guests. The crew members will likely be former NASA astronauts who worked on the International Space Station. However, there's a catch: Each guest must pay at least $ 9.5 million for a 12-day stay at the hotel.
Guests can do many exciting things aboard Aurora Station. According to Orion Span, guests can enjoy the excitement of zero gravity as they fly throughout the space hotel. They can watch 16 sunrises and sunsets every day and view the northern and southern auroras (极光) through the windows. They can take part in research experiments like growing food, and even take it home as a souvenir.
But most importantly, the trip will offer a real sense of what it's like to live in space. " The premise (前提) of Aurora Station is for guests to live and feel what it's like to be an astronaut," Frank Bunger, CEO of Orion Span, told the Robb Report. "The food and drinks are freeze-dried products. It's not going to be five-star dining...Fire and gas don't work the same way in space as they do on Earth."
To better prepare guests for space travel, the company will require a health screening and provide a three-month training program that helps guests understand basic spaceflight, orbital mechanics and life in the pressurized environment of space.
"Future Aurora owners can live in, visit, or sublease (转租) their space apartment," Bunger said in a news release. "This is an exciting frontier and Orion Span is proud to pave the way."
1. What can we learn about Aurora Station
A. It will be open to guests in 2021．
B. It can only serve four guests at a time.
C. It costs every guest 9.5 million a week.
D. It will invite NASA to train the guests.
2. What can guests do on Aurora Station
A. View beautiful auroras. B. Fly outside the space hotel.
C. Buy various souvenirs. D. Enjoy five-star meals.
3. According to Bunger, what is the main function of Aurora Station
A. To help people know the bravery of astronauts.
B. To tell the difference between Earth and space.
C. To provide real experiences of living in space.
D. To prepare people for future space exploration.
4. What's the best title for the text
A. A Satellite Orbiting the Earth
B. A Space Hotel—Aurora Station
C. Aurora Station: a New Living Place for Man
D. New Hotel That Brings People Great Benefits
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Volunteering in your community gives you a chance to give back. You'll feel a sense of pride when you are volunteering your time, and a local organization will benefit, too. If you want to start volunteering, the following tips will help.
Treat the application like a job. While some volunteer opportunities will be relatively low-key when it comes to the application process, others will want many of the same things an employer would want. For instance, many will have you fill out an application. They'll likely want to talk with you, as well as check your references. (1) . Be ready to talk about yourself, your background, and what you have to offer to the organization.
Ask what's expected of volunteers. Organizations are going to have certain requirements for their volunteers. Some may require training or a certain number of hours per week. (2) . The important thing is that you know what you're getting into ahead of time.
Complete any needed training. For some organizations, training will be minimal. You may need to attend a short orientation course, for instance. (3) . Certain organizations, for instance, require the volunteers to take a training course and get the certification that costs money, though you may be able to get assistance with the cost.
(4) . You can always back out, but it's better to commit just a little bit of time at first to see if you like volunteering at the organization. Once you've volunteered there for a short period and decided you like it, you can commit a longer period of time.
Move organizations if needed. You shouldn't stay in a volunteer position you're unhappy with. If you are unhappy, try asking whether your work could be shifted within the organization. (5) .
A. Start volunteering slowly
B. Review your weekly schedule
C. In other organizations, it may be more extensive
D. If that doesn't work, consider finding another opportunity somewhere else
E. You could also choose organizations that would develop skills you already have
F. Some may have a fixed volunteer schedule, while others may be more flexible
G. Spend some time preparing for the interview as much as you would for a job interview
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
6. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
7. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
8. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
9. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
Boyan Slat is 26. If you saw him walking down the street, you might think he was just a student at a local technical university. And so he was, seven years ago, right before he (10) college.
Slat's life began to (11) after a holiday trip to Greece with his family when he was 16. Before taking a diving course, he had (12) to see beautiful sea animals. However, what he (13) saw in the ocean was awful plastic waste. From that moment on, Slat dived into a (14) to find a solution to this (15) problem. Struck by the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the ocean, he (16) his own company at the age of 18. The idea was named one of the best (17) of 2015 by Time magazine.
After five and a half years' hard work, he (18) the world's first ocean plastic clean-up system: System 001. These floating barriers will capture plastic and ships will collect the waste and bring it to land for (19) every few months. According to Slat, if all goes according to plan, only 60 systems could (20) the amount of plastic there by as much as 50 per cent by 2025.
However, there (21) a problem: What will happen to the plastic brought back to shore from Slat's systems It's likely that lots of the waste will (22) be recycled into more single-use plastics that end up back in the (23) . That doesn't mean Slat will (24) . "Big problems require big solutions," he says. "If anyone has any better ideas, I'd love to know."
10. A. decided on B. dropped out of
C. took advantage of D. searched for
11. A. change B. recover C. suffer D. quicken
12. A. agreed B. managed C. promised D. expected
13. A. apparently B. potentially C. actually D. entirely
14. A. project B. book C. lake D. river
15. A. simple B. unique C. absurd D. alarming
16. A. left B. founded C. sold D. introduced
17. A. inventions B. tales C. channels D. dreams
18. A. sponsored B. launched C. restored D. reformed
19. A. trading B. hiding C. recycling D. testing
20. A. log B. reduce C. guarantee D. limit
21. A. advertises B. originates C. remains D. worsens
22. A. eventually B. frequently C. repeatedly D. precisely
23. A. ships B. mountains C. dustbins D. oceans
24. A. stress out B. set off C. take over D. give up
四、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
25.
set out; make it to; sign up for; cast a shadow on; tune in; on board; set foot on; become accustomed to
(1) COVID-19, which has ______ the global economy, has also given birth to new opportunities and business forms.
(2) We live in a world in which only the strongest can ______ the top.
(3) I found it difficult to ______ getting up so early before, but I did finally manage.
(4) With the plane to take off in ten minutes, all the passengers ______ are asked to turn off their mobile phones.
(5) It is reported that there is an increasing number of youngsters ______ to watch live e-sports competitions.
(6) Early explorers were eager to ______ the enormous land mass that they thought existed in the south.
五、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
26. The little girl was so terrified of the snake that she ran crying and ______ (scream) to her mother.
27. After the telescope was invented, the mankind's power to investigate stars invisible ______ the naked eyes changed dramatically.
28. All these documents must ______ (submit) to the university you are applying to before December.
29. Some villages in that area don't have a well, so people have to walk a mile ______ (fetch) water with containers.
30. The research conducted by the expert has strengthened the notion ______ fathers have an important role in their children's lives.
31. The transfer of the solar energy takes place almost ______ (instantaneous) so little energy is wasted as heat.
32. Try to appreciate the world from ______ different angle and you will find how wonderful life is.
33. ______ (simulate) space adventures are provided by the Space Camp under NASA, allowing children the chance to learn about space travel.
六、语法填空（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）
34. Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, the notion of space travel (1) (become) unexceptional to the public. When the Challenger space shuttle took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the achievements of the astronauts (2) (involve). But this was going to be no ordinary excursion, and millions of people witnessed its take-off on TV. It was special (3) Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space. She hoped (4) (rekindle) interest in the space programme and communicate (5) sense of excitement by giving two 15-minute lessons from orbit.
However, (6) (tragic), the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off and all seven astronauts on board were killed. It was the (7) (disastrous) space accident ever, and the world went into shock. Following the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights (8) (suspend) for nearly three years. But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue. In 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger. The memory of those seven will live forever, inspiring us to join them (9) humanity's greatest journey of discovery and (10) (explore).
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
35. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was (1) impossible dream. However, some scientists determined to help humans realize their dream of exploring space.
On 4 October, 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (2) (launch) and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, (3) (astronaut) including Yuri Gagarin and Neil Armstrong were sent into space. Following this, America's NASA launched Voyager 1 on 5 September, 1977.
However, exploring space is filled with risks and even disasters, which make everyone sad and (4) (disappoint). But people still believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.
An example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station. It (5) (orbit) Earth and has astronauts from different countries (6) board, providing a continuous human presence in space.
China became the third country in the world to (7) (independent) send humans into space in 2003, (8) Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. In 2016, China launched the Tiangong-2 space lab into space, (9) (signal) one step further in China's plan to establish a space station. More recently, China has sent Chang'e-4 (10) (explore) the surface of the far side of the moon.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
36. What is a______ is the speed and effectiveness with which China develops its 5G technology.
37. It takes a lot of s______ to take outdoor exercise on a regular basis in winter.
38. Despite his u______ talent, he managed to stay at the sports' highest level with a superior grasp of strategy, planning and psychology.
39. Using the new digital techniques, Spielberg made ______ (逼真的) dinosaurs run around in Jurassic Park.
40. According to the new regulation, all the ______ (全体工作人员) members shall be provided with health and safety protection.
41. Implementing trash sorting is not as ______ (简单) as it sounds and it needs the combination of policies and persistent human efforts.
八、完成句子（本大题共7小题，共14.0分）
42. 关于这种动物的灭绝有几种理论，其中一种认为它可能是由气候变化引起的。（情态动词+have done）
There are several theories about the extinction of this animal, one of which says it ____________________ by the climate change.
43. 这些士兵全力以赴来拯救洪灾地区的受害者，无论多么危险。（让步状语从句；hazardous)
These soldiers went all out to save the victims in the flooded area, ____________.
44. 你无法想象那是多么难的一道数学题，但是那位没有受过大学教育的年轻人把它解了出来。(how+形容词+a/an+名词+主语+谓语）
You couldn't imagine __________, but the young man who didn't receive college education worked it out.
45. 这本书如此受欢迎，以至于许多人去看由它改编而来的电影。(so...that...结构；倒装）
____________ many people went to see the film adapted from it.
46. 技术创新与良好的营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。（动词的-ed形式作状语）
Technological innovations, ____________ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
47. 在这个小城镇生活了几乎一辈子后，探索世界的想法正呼唤着我。(call to)
After I live in this small town almost my whole life, the thought of exploring the world __________.
48.
在太空中生活与在地球上有很多不同之处，请你在英语课上写一篇短文介绍在太空中的生活。
Living in space is not (1) (和生活在地球上一样). In space, even the most straightforward tasks are quite difficult for astronauts who are spending months (2) (在宇宙飞船上).
In space, astronauts' bodies change. In this zero gravity world, astronauts float. (3) (没有重力推挤), their bones begin to get weak and thin, (4) (这对……非常不好) astronauts. So they have to (5) (定期锻炼) to compensate for the bad effects of microgravity on their body.
Sleeping in space (6) (会很有挑战性)! In a weightless environment, astronauts cannot "lie down" to sleep and they need to be strapped to sleeping compartments to (7) (保护他们自己免受伤害). As for meals, while some food items can be eaten in more or less the same way that they are on Earth, water (8) (需要被添加到) much of the food that is eaten in space. Besides, water supplies on the International Space Station are very limited, so the methods that astronauts use to stay clean (9) (很像被使用的那些) on camping trips! In any event, water does not "flow" in microgravity: (10) (因此他们洗澡是不可能的), wash their hands or go to the bathroom in the same way as on Earth.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】B、A、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一个太空旅行项目：Aurora Station太空酒店。
1. 根据第二段中的It can house two crew members and four guests.可知，Aurora Station每次只能接待四名客人。故选B。
2. 根据第三段中的view the northern and southern auroras (极光) through the windows可知，客人可以在太空酒店欣赏极光。故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的But most importantly, the trip will offer a real sense of what it's like to live in space...Frank Bunger, CEO of Orion Span, told the Robb Report.（但最重要的是，这次旅行将让人们真正体会到生活在太空中的感觉。Orion Span公司首席执行官Frank Bunger在接受《Robb Report》采访时表示：“奥罗拉空间站的前提是让游客感受宇航员的感觉。”）可知，Aurora Station的主要功能是提供生活在太空中的真实体验。故选C。
4. 本文主要讲述了一个太空旅行项目：Aurora Station太空酒店。故B项适合作本文的标题。故选B。
5~9.【答案】G、F、C、A、D
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了如何开始志愿工作。
根据本段主题句Treat the application like a job（把申请当作一份工作。）和空后的Be ready to talk about yourself, your background, and what you have to offer to the organization（准备好谈论关于你自己的问题、你的背景，以及你能为公司带来什么。）可知，此处是建议花时间为面试做一些准备。G项（花点时间准备面试，就像你准备工作面试一样）符合语境。故选G。
2. 根据空前句Some may require training or a certain number of hours per week. （有些可能需要训练或每周一定的小时数。）可知，一些组织可能需要对志愿者进行培训或是要求一星期工作几个小时，F项（一些组织可能有一个固定的志愿工作计划，然而其他组织可能更加灵活）承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
3. 根据空前句Complete any needed training. For some organizations, training will be minimal. You may need to attend a short orientation course, for instance.（完成任何有必要的培训。对于一些组织，培训可能比较少。例如，你可能需要参加一个短期的入门课程。）可知，一些组织中，培训可能比较少；及根据空后句Certain organizations, for instance, require the volunteers to take a training course and get the certification that costs money, though you may be able to get assistance with the cost.（例如，某些组织要求志愿者参加培训课程并获得需要花钱的认证，尽管您可能能够获得费用方面的帮助。）可知，提到一些组织则要求志愿者参加一些课程，故C项起承上启下的作用，且C项中的“other”和空前的“some”相呼应。故选C。
4. 本段主要讲述的是在进行志愿工作之前，先花一部分时间看看你是否喜欢某个组织的志愿活动，故A项（慢慢地开始做义工）适合作本段的主题句。故选A。
5. 根据空前句Move organizations if needed. You shouldn't stay in a volunteer position you're unhappy with. If you are unhappy, try asking whether your work could be shifted within the organization. （如果需要，调动组织。你不应该呆在你不满意的志愿者岗位上。如果你不开心，试着问一下你的工作是否可以在公司内部变动。）可知，本段主要讲述的是在必要的时候更换志愿组织，故D项（如果这还不行，考虑在其他地方寻找机会）符合语境。故选D。
10~24.【答案】B、A、D、C、A、D、B、A、B、C、B、C、A、D、D
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了Boyan Slat专注于解决海洋污染问题，并发明了世界上第一个海上塑料清理系统，这个系统定期将海里的塑料垃圾运上岸并进行回收。
句意：博扬·斯莱特26岁。如果你看到他走在街上，你可能会认为他只是当地一所技术大学的学生。七年前，就在他大学辍学之前，他就是这样。decided on选定；dropped out of退学；took advantage of利用；searched for查找。根据上文中的And so he was, seven years ago可知，Boyan Slat没退学之前是一名大学生。B项符合语境。故选B。
2. 句意：16岁时，Slat和家人去希腊度假旅行后，他的生活开始发生变化。change改变；recover恢复；suffer遭受；quicken加快。根据下文中的From that moment on, Slat dived into a (5) to find a solution to this (6) problem.可知，16岁时，Boyan Slat和家人去了希腊度假之后，他的生活就发生了改变，从那时起他开始潜心研究解决海洋塑料垃圾问题的方法。故选A。
3. 句意：在参加潜水课程之前，他希望能看到美丽的海洋动物。agreed同意；managed经营，管理；promised承诺；expected期待。根据上文中的Before taking a diving course可推知，他是带着能看到美丽的海洋动物的期待去上潜水课的。故选D。
4. 句意：然而，他在海洋中看到的实际上是可怕的塑料垃圾。apparently显然地；potentially可能地；actually实际上；entirely完全地。根据上文中的However可知，此处表示他实际看到的与他期望看到的事物不同。故选C。
5. 句意：从那一刻起，Slat开始着手一个项目，寻找解决这个令人担忧的问题的方法。project项目; book书籍；lake湖泊；river河流。根据下文中的find a solution to this (6) problem.可知，他想找到解决这个令人担忧的问题的方法，因此潜心研究这个项目。故选A。
6. 句意同上。simple简单的；unique独一无二的；absurd荒谬的；alarming令人担忧的。根据句意，此处表示这个令人担忧的问题，D项符合语境。故选D。
7. 句意：他在18岁时创立了自己的公司，当时他被一种可以在海洋中收集塑料的漂浮屏障的想法所触动。left离开；founded建立；sold卖；introduced介绍。根据下文中的his own company可知，他创立了自己的公司。故选B。
8. 句意：这个想法被《时代》杂志评为2015年最佳发明之一。inventions发明；tales故事；channels通道，频道；dreams梦想。根据上文中的the idea for a floating barrier that could collect plastic in the ocean可知，漂浮屏障是一项发明。故选A。
9. 句意：经过五年半的努力，他推出了世界上第一个海洋塑料清理系统：system 001。sponsored赞助；launched启动，正式推出；restored修复；reformed改革。根据下文中的the world's first ocean plastic clean-up system可知，此处表示他推出了世界上第一个海洋塑料清理系统。故选B。
10. 句意：这些漂浮的屏障将捕获塑料垃圾，船只将收集垃圾，每隔几个月将其带回陆地进行回收。trading交易；hiding把……藏起来；recycling回收；testing测试。根据下文中的It's likely that lots of the waste will (13) be recycled into more single-use plastics可知，从海洋里收集的垃圾会被回收。故选C。
11. 句意：Slat表示，如果一切按计划进行，到2025年，仅60个系统就可以将塑料的数量减少50%。log正式记录；reduce减少；guarantee保证；limit限制。根据上文中的These floating barriers will capture plastic and ships will collect the waste and bring it to land for (10) every few months.可知，海洋塑料清理系统是以“捕捞海洋中的塑料并将其运往岸上回收”为工作原理的，因此是在减少海洋中的塑料垃圾。故选B。
12. 句意：然而，仍然存在一个问题：从Slat系统带回海岸的塑料会发生什么？advertises登广告；originates起源；remains仍然存在；worsens变得更糟。根据下文中的What will happen to the plastic brought back to shore from Slat's systems 可知，仍然有会怎么处理Slat的系统带回岸上的塑料的疑问。故选C。
13. 句意：很有可能，很多垃圾最终会被回收成更多的一次性塑料，最终会重新回到海洋。eventually最终；frequently经常；repeatedly反复地；precisely恰好地。根据空后的be recycled into more single-use plastics that end up back可知，被回收的塑料垃圾最后会被做成更多一次性使用的塑料制品，最终会重新回到海洋。故选A。
14. 句意同上。ships船；mountains山；dustbins垃圾箱；oceans海洋。结合句意，此处指垃圾被制成塑料制品后，重新回到海洋。D项符合语境。故选D。
15. 句意：这并不意味着Slat会放弃。stress out过度劳累，紧张；set off出发；take over接管，接收；give up放弃。根据下文可知，面对上文提及的问题，他并没有知难而退，没有放弃。故选D。
25.【答案】【小题1】
cast a shadow on
【小题2】
make it to
【小题3】
become accustomed to
【小题4】
on board
【小题5】
tuning in
【小题6】
set foot on
【解析】1. 句意：新冠肺炎给全球经济蒙上了阴影，也带来了新的机遇和商业形式。根据句意可知，空处应填cast a shadow on，意为“使……笼罩上阴影”，符合题意；根据空前的助动词has可知，空处应填动词的-ed形式构成现在完成时；cast的动词的-ed形式为cast。故填cast a shadow on。
2. 句意：我们生活在强者为尊的世界里。根据句意可知，空处应填make it to，意为“到达”，符合题意；且空前有情态动词can，故空处应填动词原形。故填make it to。
3. 句意：我发现以前很难习惯这么早起床，但我终于做到了。根据句意可知，空处应填become accustomed to，意为“习惯于”，符合题意；且空前有不定式符号to ，空处应填动词原形。故填become accustomed to。
4. 句意：飞机还有十分钟就要起飞了，机上所有的乘客都被要求关掉手机。根据句意可知，空处应填on board，意为“在船（火车、飞机）上”，符合题意。故填on board。
5. 句意：据报道，越来越多的年轻人收看电子竞技比赛直播。根据句意可知，空处应填tune in，意为“收听，观看”，符合题意；分析句子可知，youngsters与tune之间为主动关系，所有空处应用动词的-ing形式。故填tuning in。
6. 句意：早期的探险家渴望踏上他们认为存在于南方的大片土地。根据句意可知，空处应填set foot on，意为“踏上”，符合题意；且空前有动词不定式符号to，故空处应填动词原形。故填set foot on。
26.【答案】screaming
【解析】句意：这个小女孩如此害怕那条蛇，以至于她哭着尖叫着跑向了她的母亲。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词形式，且she与scream之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填screaming。
27.【答案】to
【解析】句意：望远镜被发明后，人类研究肉眼看不到的恒星的能力发生了巨大的变化。invisible to意为“看不见的”，是固定用法。故填to。
28.【答案】be submitted
【解析】句意：在12月之前，所有这些文件都必须提交给你所申请的大学。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，且All these documents与submit之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据空前的must可知，此处应填be submitted。故填be submitted。
29.【答案】to fetch
【解析】句意：那个地区的一些村庄没有水井，因此人们不得不拿着容器走一英里去取水。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to fetch。
30.【答案】that
【解析】句意：这位专家进行的研究支持了父亲在孩子的人生中起重要作用这一观念。分析句子可知，空处引导同位语从句，空后内容是对notion的具体说明，故填that。
31.【答案】instantaneously
【解析】句意：太阳能的传递几乎是瞬间发生的，所以很少能量以热的形式耗散掉。分析句子可知，空处作状语，应用副词形式；instantaneously意为“即刻，突如其来地”，副词，符合题意。故填instantaneously 。
32.【答案】a
【解析】句意：试着从一个不同的角度去欣赏这个世界，你会发现生活是多么的美好。angle角度，立场，可数名词；此处表泛指，且different的读音以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a修饰。
33.【答案】Simulated
【解析】句意：美国国家航空航天局下属的太空营提供模拟太空冒险机会，让孩子们有机会了解太空旅行。分析句子可知，空处应用形容词修饰space adventures；simulated意为“模拟的”，形容词，符合题意。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Simulated。
34.【答案】【小题1】
has become
【小题2】
involved
【小题3】
because
【小题4】
to rekindle
【小题5】
a
【小题6】
tragically
【小题7】
most disastrous
【小题8】
were suspended
【小题9】
in
【小题10】
exploration
【解析】1. 根据句中Ever since可知，此处应用现在完成时，结构为has/have+done。主句主语为the notion of space travel，助动词应用has。故填has become。
2. 分析句子可知，主句已有谓语动词seemed，所以空处为非谓语动词。名词astronauts与动词involve之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词的过去分词表示被动。故填involved。
3. 分析句子可知，空后句Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space（37岁的Christa McAuliffe是一名普通的教师和母亲，她即将成为第一个进入太空的平民。）解释空前句It was special的具体原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
4. 分析句子可知，此处为固定短语hope to do sth，意为“希望做某事”，后接动词不定式。故填to rekindle。
5. 分析句子可知，空后名词sense意为“感觉，意识”时，是可数名词，此处表泛指，且sense的发音以辅音音素开头，应为不定冠词a。a sense of excitement兴奋感，固定短语，符合语境。故填a。
6. 分析句子可知，空处为副词作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词tragically，意为“不幸地”。故填tragically。
7. 根据句中ever和语境，结合空前定冠词the可知，此处表示“最糟糕的太空事故”，应用形容词最高级形式作定语。故填most disastrous。
8. 分析句子可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语space shuttle flights与动词suspend是动宾关系，应用被动语态，所以此处为一般过去时的被动语态。主语space shuttle flights是复数意义，be动词用were。故填were suspended。
9. 分析句子可知，此处为固定短语join sb in sth，意为“和某人一起参加某事”。故填in。
10. 分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语。根据与空处并列的discovery可知，此处应和discovery并列，也用名词形式exploration，意为“探索”。故填exploration。
35.【答案】【小题1】
an
【小题2】
was launched
【小题3】
astronauts
【小题4】
disappointed
【小题5】
orbits
【小题6】
on
【小题7】
independently
【小题8】
when
【小题9】
signaling/signalling
【小题10】
to explore
【解析】1. dream为可数名词，此处表示“一个不可能的梦想”，表泛指，且impossible的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
2. 分析句子可知，the Sputnik 1 satellite和launch之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；且根据On 4 October, 1957可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为the Sputnik 1 satellite是单数形式，be动词用was。故填was launched。
3. 分析句子可知，此处作主语，且根据空后的were sent into space可知，此处应用名词复数。故填astronauts。
4. 此处为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，空处和sad并列作宾语补足语；根据everyone可知，应用disappointed形容词，意为“失望的，沮丧的”，符合题意。故填disappointed。
5. 分析句子可知，It指代上文中的the International Space Station，和orbit之间是主谓关系，又根据本句中的has可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填orbits。
6. on board意为“在船上（或飞机上、火车上）”，为固定搭配。故填on。
7. 分析句子可知，空处修饰动词send，应用副词形式。故填independently。
8. 分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
9. 分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词；signal与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，此处应用动词-ing形式作状语，故填signaling/signalling。
10. 分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to explore。
36.【答案】awesome
【解析】句意：令人惊叹的是中国发展5G技术的速度和效率。分析句子结构可知，空处应填形容词作表语；结合句意和首字母提示，空处应填awesome形容词，意为“让人惊叹的，令人敬畏的”，符合题意。故填awesome 。
37.【答案】self-discipline
【解析】句意：冬天经常进行户外运动需要很强的自律能力。由a lot of可知，空处需填名词。结合句意和首字母提示可知，self-discipline，意为“自律，自我约束能”，不可数名词，符合语境。故填self-discipline。
38.【答案】unexceptional
【解析】句意：尽管他有着非同寻常的天赋，但他凭借对战略、计划和心理的卓越把握，成功地保持了体育界的最高水平。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词talent；结合句意和首字母提示，空处应填unexceptional形容词，意为“非同寻常的”，符合题意。故填unexceptional 。
39.【答案】lifelike
【解析】句意：斯皮尔伯格利用新的数字技术，在《侏罗纪公园》中制作了栩栩如生的恐龙。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词dinosaurs；结合句意和汉语提示，空处应填lifelike，意为“逼真的”，形容词，符合题意。故填lifelike。
40.【答案】crew
【解析】句意：根据新规定，全体工作人员都应得到健康和安全保护。分析句子可知，空处应填名词作主语；结合句意和汉语提示，空处应填crew名词，意为“全体工作人员”，符合题意。故填crew。
41.【答案】straightforward/simple
【解析】句意：实施垃圾分类并不像听起来那么简单，它需要政策和持续的人力努力相结合。结合句意和汉语提示，straightforward形容词，意为“简单的”；simple形容词，意为“简单的”，都符合题意。故填straightforward/simple。
42.【答案】might have been caused
【解析】根据中英文提示可知，空处缺少“引起”，译为“cause”。根据括号内的提示以及句意可知，此处为might have done表示对过去的推测，意为“可能会”。此处it代指上文中提到的the extinction of this animal，且动词cause与it之间是被动关系。故填might have been caused。
43.【答案】no matter how hazardous it was
【解析】根据句意可知，空处缺少部分为“危险”，译为“hazardous”；结合汉语意思和所给提示可知，此处需用no matter how来引导让步状语从句，后面用陈述句语序；根据主句的谓语went可知，空处时态应用一般过去时；“无论多么危险”应译为“no matter how hazardous it was”。故填no matter how hazardous it was。
44.【答案】how difficult a math problem it was
【解析】根据汉语意思，空处缺少部分为“多么”译为“how"，“难”译为“difficult”，“一道数学题”译为“a math problem”。分析句子可知，空处应用how引导宾语从句，从句应用陈述句，且根据could't可知，空处时态也应用一般过去时；结合句意和汉语提示，空处应译为“how difficult a math problem it was”，符合题意。故填how difficult a math problem it was。
45.【答案】So popular was the book that
【解析】根据句意可知，空处缺少部分“书”译为“book”，“受欢迎”译为“popular”。分析句子可知，此处应用so...that...引导结果状语从句，且若将so+adj./adv.置于句首时，其后的主句要用部分倒装。根据后面的went可知，空处时态应为一般过去时，所以应填so popular was the book that。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填So popular was the book that。
46.【答案】combined with
【解析】根据句意可知，空处缺少部分“结合”译为“combine with”。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语为promote，所以空处在句中作非谓语，且combine与Technological innovations之间为动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式。故填combined with。
47.【答案】is calling to me
【解析】根据句意可知，空处缺少部分“呼唤”应译为“call to”。根据语境可知，此处应用现在进行时，且主语为the thought of exploring the world是单数，be动词应用is。故填is calling to me。
48.【答案】【小题1】
the same as living on Earth
【小题2】
on board a spacecraft
【小题3】
With no gravity to push against
【小题4】
which is very bad for
【小题5】
exercise on a regular basis
【小题6】
can be very challenging
【小题7】
protect themselves from injury
【小题8】
needs to be added to/need be added to
【小题9】
are a lot like those used
【小题10】
it is therefore impossible for them to take a shower
【解析】1. 根据汉语提示，the same as“和……一样”，固定短语；live“生活”，on Earth“在地球上”。根据空前的is可知，此处应用动词的-ing形式构成现在进行时。故填the same as living on Earth。
2. 根据汉语提示可知，spacecraft名词，意为“宇宙飞船”，on board“在船上”。且spacecraft为可数名词，空前应用不定冠词a修饰。故填on board a spacecraft。
3. 根据汉语提示，no“没有”，gravity“重力”，push against“挤推”固定短语。分析句子可知，此处应用with的复合结构，即with +宾语+宾补，此处应用不定式作宾语补足语，应填with no gravity to push against。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填With no gravity to push against。
4. 根据汉语提示可知，be bad for“对……不好”，固定短语。分析句子及结合语境可知，此处应用which引导非限定性定语从句，此句时态是一般现在时。故填which is very bad for。
5. 根据汉语提示可知，exercise“锻炼”，on a regular basis“定期”，固定短语。分析句子可知，空前有动词不定式符号to，exercise应用动词原形。故填exercise on a regular basis。
6. 根据汉语提示可知，情态动词can意为“会”，very副词，意为“很”，challenging形容词，意为“挑战性的”。分析句子可知，空处应表示系表结构，且情态动词can后用动词原形，所以空处应填can be very challenging。故填can be very challenging。
7. 根据汉语提示可知，protect...from...意为“保护……免受……”固定短语，themselves“他们自己”，injury意为“伤害”。分析句子及空前的and可知，空处应填动词原形与sleep保持一致。故填protect themselves from injury。
8. 根据汉语提示可知，need“需要”，即可作实义动词也可作情态动词；be added to“被添加”。当need为实义动词时，主语water为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故空处应填needs to be added to；当need为情态动词时，后应接动词原形，应填need be added to。故填needs to be added to/need be added to。
9. 根据汉语提示，be like“像”；a lot副词短语，意为“很”；those“那些”；used非谓语动词，意为“被使用”，在句中做后置定语。本句应用一般现在时，主语为the methods是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are a lot like those used。
10. 根据句意可知，therefore“因此”，take a shower“洗澡”，固定短语；impossible形容词，意为“不可能的”。分析句子可知，此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语用动词不定式；结合上下文语境，时态应为一般现在时。故填it is therefore impossible for them to take a shower。
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