外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Looking forwards单元能力提升（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Looking forwards单元能力提升（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 50.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-23 16:02:10 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 1 Looking forwards
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Youth Job Connection What is the Youth Job Connection (YJC) program
Youth Job Connection (YJC) is an employment program assisting the youth aged 15 to 29 to develop key work readiness skills. YJC provides job-related training, resume(简历) and career plan building, job search and placement opportunities, plus helps participants successfully get through the transition(过渡) to the workforce.
The YJC program is offered to all of Lanark County through our location, including: Perth, Smiths Falls, Carleton Place, Mississippi Mills, Almonte and everywhere in between.
YJC will help two types of participants.
YJC provides year-round employment support for the youth aged 15 to 29 who are not employed, not in education or training and who experience barriers to employment.
The summer YJC provides summer job opportunities and part-time job placement during the school year for the youth aged 15 to 18, helping multi-barrier high school students make encouraging educational and professional choices. The focus will be on the youth who face challenging life circumstances to experience a positive transition between education and work.
What do YJC participants receive
Individuals in the YJC program receive a full range of support beyond traditional job search and placement opportunities. These include:
●Paid pre-employment training hours to promote job readiness skills
●Work-related safety certifications and employment readiness workshops
●Job matching a local employer and a paid job placement
●Round-trip transportation to YJC workshops for long distant participants if required
●Education and work transition support
●Financial support for work-related expenses (i. e. tools, clothing)
1. What can you get through Youth Job Connection
A. Career training. B. Rich working experience.
C. A job with a good salary. D. A book about resume building.
2. Which of the following is the service of the summer YJC
A. Solving the youth's education problems.
B. Helping the youth face role transition.
C. Providing full-time job chances.
D. Supporting college students.
3. What support can the participants receive from YJC
A. An unpaid job placement.
B. Education-related certifications.
C. One-way transportation.
D. Financial support for clothing.
B
From the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, plastic continues to pollute the environment, and it creates a significant threat to all life forms on Earth. Despite knowing the effects of plastic pollution, we have not been able to ban the use of plastic products. Now, thanks to the invention of a 17-year-old girl, Arora, we finally have a better choice. This plastic-like material is made from prawn(大虾) shells, and it breaks down 1.5 million times faster than most of the commercial plastic products we use today.
The Australian teen first became aware of the impact of plastic waste on the environment when shopping with her mother. She wondered why her mother had to pay for the plastic bags. When asked, the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it. This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one.
But the journey of inventing "eco-friendly plastic" was not easy. She experimented with a number of organic materials such as cornflour and banana peels, both of which had to be ruled out because of their solubility(溶解性). One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research. Later, she would describe that dinner as her eureka moment.
She extracted the material called "chitin" from the shells and then mixed it with an insoluble protein called "fibroin", which is found in silk cocoons. Using the combination of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that breaks down completely within just 33 days. Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.
Arora's invention has caused a stir, and she has won a number of awards. As an inspiring young woman, Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people to follow their passion and make a positive difference however they can.
4. What inspired Arora to create a kind of special plastic
A. A cashier's words about paid plastic bags.
B. Her determination to protect the prawns.
C. A class about plastic's impact on the planet.
D. Her plan to save money on plastic products.
5. What could be a eureka moment
A. A moment of needing reflection.
B. A moment of finding the truth.
C. A moment of having sudden inspiration.
D. A moment of enjoying the celebration.
6. What can be known about the new plastic in paragraph 4
A. It is made from non-organic materials.
B. It can break down totally in a month.
C. It can be used to help plants to grow.
D. It is extracted from an insoluble protein.
7. Which of the following can best describe Arora
A. Brave and clever. B. Creative and inspiring.
C. Active and considerate. D. Humorous and friendly.
C
Before the COVID-19 pandemic arrived in Italy, the big worry about tourism was overcrowding: the impact on infrastructure, the environment, and the quality of life of residents from millions of tourists crowding the country's most popular spots in a handful locations, like Florence, Rome and Venice.
According to most estimates, the tourism sector(行业) is not expected to recover to pre-pandemic levels until late 2023 or early 2024, but political leaders and many working in the sector are taking steps now to reform the tourism sector to make sure that, as the tourism strengthens, it avoids the former overcrowding problems in tourist centers.
"Italy should not emphasize the dependence on big tour buses that all pull in to parking lots and overwhelm a small town for a few hours, but promote more high-quality tourism that shows visitors the country's wonders beyond the few dozen places everyone knows about," Gianfranco Lorenzo, head of the research department for Florence's Center for Touristic Studies, says. There's no reason why people should be lined up to see one famous site when there are many places that are just as important and just as impressive.
Those strategies are already in development. This summer many Italian cities are trying to focus the attention of visitors on outdoor attractions like sprawling gardens and architectural ruins, where visitors can remain spread out to keep coronavirus infection risks low. Florence's Uffizi Galleries, one of the most visited museums in Italy, has launched the "Uffizi Diffusi" initiative which includes displaying some of its collections in museums in smaller towns to help draw tourists who might otherwise have spent their time in overcrowded Florence.
Lorenzo says reducing the impact of tourists does not mean the country will have to host fewer tourists in the future. "In a few years we could even have more tourists than we had before the pandemic," he says. "But for that to be sustainable, they just have to be spread out more evenly."
8. Why does Italy adopt reforms in the tourism sector
A. To ease the crowdedness at tourist attractions.
B. To protect visitors from COVID-19 infection.
C. To limit the number of tourists coming to Italy.
D. To host more foreign tourists in the near future.
9. What can we infer about the "Uffizi Diffusi" initiative from paragraph 4
A. It aims to display more great works.
B. It hasn't been put into practice.
C. It will be supported by tourists.
D. It can help spread out visitors.
10. What is Lorenzo's attitude towards the future of tourism in Italy
A. Optimistic. B. Curious. C. Disappointed. D. Concerned.
11. What's the text mainly about
A. The future of tourist spots in Italy.
B. The problem of overcrowding in Italy.
C. The reform of the tourist industry in Italy.
D. The impact of the pandemic on Italy's tourism.
D
When you donate money to a charity, do you ever wonder where your money is actually going, and who it's helping Do you worry that the organization isn't reflecting your values exactly, or isn't totally transparent(透明的)
A new app, called Sparrow, promises to take the guesswork out of giving and ensure donors make a meaningful influence. They're doing this by allowing donors to choose a specific "rule" and tie it to their giving. For example, you can set it up so that every time you fill up your gas tank, a small part of the sales goes to an environmental nonprofit organization of your choice. You can set a cap on your donation and choose how long you want the app to track it. And, the app doesn't take a cut in your donation, meaning that every dollar you give is passed on to the charities you want to support.
While researching the psychology of effective giving, the researchers became frustrated that there was no existing solution that makes donation simple and enjoyable. "We started Sparrow because we've seen that the best way to make people's intentions agree with their behavior is to design an environment that makes it extremely easy to do so," two of its founders, Fitz and Kagan, wrote in a blog post.
To use Sparrow, users first set up "giving rules"—choosing things you do or events happening in the world and pairing them with an automatic donation to one of the company's chosen collections of evidence-based charities. Then, as you go about your life, some of your activities will cause the rules to function and the donations are automatically transferred to the nonprofit organizations from your bank account.
The New York Times best-selling author A. J. Jacobs said, "I'm a huge fan. I think it's a way to celebrate the good things and I hope it takes off and floods evidence-based charities with funds." Fitz and Kagan added, "By taking evidence-based approaches to building the evidence-based movement, I believe we can do even more good."
12. What does the underlined phrase "take a cut in" mean
A. Keep back. B. Work out. C. Keep track of. D. Take charge of.
13. Why did the researchers invent the app
A. To simplify the work of charities.
B. To encourage voluntary donation.
C. To show people's donation intentions.
D. To make the donation effective.
14. How does the app help its users
A. By giving financial advice. B. By making donation rules.
C. By choosing proper charities. D. By identifying the donations.
15. What does A. J. Jacobs expect of the app
A. It will help regulate the donors' behavior.
B. It will make it easier to raise fund for users.
C. It will bring in more evidence-based charities.
D. It will promote the use of other donation apps.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Gardening is of special importance in protecting the environment and improving the healthy ecosystem. (1) These plants feed insects and humans for their survival. Plants also reduce pollution in the air. The good news is that it does more than that.
The chores involve planting, harvesting, watering and weeding, which exercise all physical parts of the body. The act of pulling weeds, reaching for tools and bending your body gives you a full-body aerobic(有氧的) workout. You become so focused in the task that you fail to realize that you are sweating. (2) This increases your strength and flexibility.
(3) It is one of the best activities for people who suffer from depression. It has been observed that thirty minutes of gardening is helpful in reducing stress and improving mood in a person. After you perform this task, you will feel positive and high in energy.
This fun-filled activity does a power of good to development of self-worth. (4) You feel better about yourself from making a positive contribution to the nature.
Gardening is one of the enjoyable activities for people. A lot of people pursue it as their hobby. (5) In this way, it helps to improve your life quality.
A. Gardening makes you feel fresh.
B. It is an act of growing plants and taking care of them.
C. While doing gardening, you spend more time under the sun.
D. You not only lose unwanted calories but also develop new muscles.
E. Planting and harvesting activities can make you feel good from the inside.
F. When you grow plants, you get healthy food to keep your body healthy.
G. Gardening provides you a chance to communicate with like-minded people.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
After thirty-three years of managing a grocery store in my hometown, I decided to sell my business and retire. How could I retire but still have a feeling of (21) with my community After all, they are the people who (22) my effort when I first opened the business and I wanted to give something back.
Knowing my (23) , a friend told me about a hospice meeting and asked if I would be interested in becoming a hospice volunteer. I was so (24) ! Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships and begin new ones.
(25) with information from my new training class, I was assigned my first job. With trembling knees, I knocked on the door. Then came the elderly couple who were (26) to tend each other. At first they were a little (27) to let anyone into their lives, but soon they (28) the bunches of roses from my garden. My rose garden was my greatest (29) . A fresh red bunch of Dolly Parton's roses always seemed to (30) their sickroom. My garden of eight to ten bushes, inspired by their (31) , began to grow. Twenty, then forty, then sixty-five bushes, a whole yard of wonderful fragrant roses just waited to be cut and they seemed to know their (32) and outdid themselves with big blooms. The roses began to appear at weddings, tea parties, and on other social (33) in our community—just another way I found to give back. My (34) job continued. When I got a call from the hospice with the words "Someone has asked for you", I was filled with great humanity and was (35) ready to help.
21. A. comparison B. connection C. fascination D. communication
22. A. supported B. made C. recorded D. discovered
23. A. target B. dream C. decision D. dilemma
24. A. amused B. astonished C. excited D. disappointed
25. A. Faced B. Equipped C. Charged D. Occupied
26. A. fearing B. hesitating C. struggling D. promising
27. A. unwilling B. curious C. grateful D. ashamed
28. A. appreciated B. remembered C. exchanged D. afforded
29. A. right B. concern C. reward D. pride
30. A. compete with B. go with C. tidy up D. brighten up
31. A. impression B. treatment C. affection D. comfort
32. A. plan B. change C. purpose D. faith
33. A. cases B. occasions C. backgrounds D. relationships
34. A. last B. personal C. essential D. voluntary
35. A. really B. creatively C. merely D. gradually
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Science fiction is a special type of fiction or story. Humans have long wondered (1) life on another planet might be like. People have also wondered how different kinds of technology might affect life on Earth. Made-up stories that address such questions (2) (call) science fiction. These stories may discuss ideas about (3) (science) facts or real technology. But they also involve a lot of (4) (imagine). For example, a story might describe people (5) (meet) with space aliens for the first time. Many science fiction stories present different possible futures for human society. Science fiction seeks (6) (large) to entertain. However, many science fiction stories also imagine different ways people might act and relate to one another. (7) this way science fiction may help reveal important things about human nature and society. Science fiction did not become a major type of writing until the 1900s. The first rockets (8) (send) into space and rapid advances in technology helped create an interest in this writing. Authors such as Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, and Robert A. Heinlein helped establish the style as (9) form of serious literature.
Science fiction stories have also been the subject of television shows and movies in the 20th and 21st centuries. Popular (10) (example) include the Star Trek television shows and movies and the Star Wars series of movies.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Lungs nearly burst. I struggled to lift my head out of the water. Inch by inch, my tired body reached the end of the pool.
The extent of my swimming career was purely recreational, while the competitive swimmers nearby thought nothing of the seemingly simple task of a 500-meter swim test. Pushing myself to finish what I had started, I could only think: why not take the easy way out
Earlier that week, I had turned in my first job application at a local pool. Overqualified, I was hired on the spot. However, the tasks were boring: helping confused visitors and measuring the height of children before they went down the slide(滑梯). I was capable of more.
So a swim test was required, establishing the mere fact that I was not completely helpless in a pool. Midway through, the manager administering the test remarked, "This looks really easy for you. Why aren't you applying to become a guard "
"The thought didn't cross my mind."
"Well, lifeguarding demands more responsibility, strength and respect. Thus the position pays $ 2 more per hour. Your swimming skills are strong enough. All you need to do is complete a certification class."
Inside I was unsure of myself, but his words inspired me—You never know what you are capable of until you force yourself to do it.
Soon I passed the swim test. All left was to practice and learn first aid, CPR(心肺复苏), and procedures for different land-based and water-based emergencies.
Work started soon. A well-intentioned yet anxious feeling in me soon passed. Days, weeks, and months went by without incident; emergencies were rare. The skills and training I had so carefully studied and acquired seemed unnecessary.
Today appeared to be another uneventful day. However, shortly after the other guards signaled to the children to exit the pool, I noticed one boy was still in the middle while the others had climbed up.
Paragraph 1:
"Something must have gone wrong with him," I thought to myself.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Having the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假定你是李华，你在网站上看到来自英国的Catherine在你所在城市经营的咖啡厅的招聘广告。请根据以下广告要求写一封求职信。
(1)兼职服务生；
(2)年龄16—20岁；
(3)相关经历。
注意：
(1)词数80左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、B、D
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Youth Job Connection这个项目。
根据第一段中的YJC provides job-related training, resume(简历) and career plan building, job search and placement opportunities, plus helps participants successfully get through the transition(过渡) to the workforce.（YJC提供与工作相关的培训、简历和职业规划建设、求职和安置机会，并帮助参与者成功过渡到劳动力市场。）可知，YJC提供和工作相关的培训，故选A。
2. 根据第六段中的The focus will be on the youth who face challenging life circumstances to experience a positive transition between education and work.（重点将放在面临挑战性生活环境的年轻人身上，他们将经历教育和工作之间的积极过渡。）可知，该项目的重心在于使面对富有挑战性的生活环境的青年在教育和工作之间能进行积极的过渡，即角色的转换，故选B。
3. 根据What do YJC participants receive 部分中的Financial support for work-related expenses (i. e. tools, clothing（工作相关费用的财务支持（如工具、服装））可知，YJC提供工作相关费用方面的财政支持，即工具、衣服，故选D。
4~7.【答案】A、C、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了17岁的女孩Arora为了保护环境并减少塑料污染发明了类似塑料的材料。
根据第二段中的When asked, the cashier informed... the conventional one.（当被问及塑料对地球的危害时，收银员告诉她，额外的费用是为了鼓励人们不要使用塑料。这启发Arora创造了一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料。）可知，一名收银员讲述了塑料的危害以及通过收费的方式来减少人们对塑料的使用，这些话激励Arora发明比传统塑料分解更快的塑料。故选A。
2. 根据第三段中的One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research.（一天晚上，在吃晚饭的时候，她注意到虾壳看起来像塑料。她立即去实验室进行研究）可知，这个时刻是她产生灵感的时刻。故选C。
3. 根据第四段中的Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.（此外，这种塑料在分解时会释放氮，这就是为什么它可以用作植物肥料的原因。）可知，这种塑料在分解的时候可以释放氯气，因此可以作为植物化肥，帮助植物生长。故选C。
4. 从全文内容可知，Arora发明了可快速分解的类似塑料的材料，故她是有创造力的；又根据最后一段她对青少年的激励可推知，Aora是鼓舞人心的。故选B。
8~11.【答案】A、D、A、C
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了意大利采取了一些措施对旅游业进行改革，以期能够解决热门旅游地的拥挤问题。
根据第二段中的it avoids the former overcrowding problems in tourist centers（它避免了以前旅游中心过于拥挤的问题。）可知，政治领导人和许多在旅游行业工作的人正在采取措施改革旅游业来解决旅游中心拥挤的问题。故选A。
2. 根据第四段中的which includes displaying some of its collections in museums in smaller towns to help draw tourists who might otherwise have spent their time in overcrowded Florence.（其中包括在小城镇的博物馆里展示一些藏品，以吸引游客，否则他们可能会在拥挤的佛罗伦萨度过时光。）可知，“Uffizi Diffusi”倡议能帮助把游客分散到不同的地方，避免佛罗伦萨过度拥挤。故选D。
3. 根据最后一段中的reducing the impact of tourists does not mean the country will have to host fewer tourists in the future（减少游客的影响并不意味着该国将不得不在未来减少接待游客）和In a few years we could even have more tourists than we had before the pandemic（几年后，我们甚至可以拥有比大流行前更多的游客）可知，Lorenzo认为几年后，意大利能接待比新冠肺炎疫情之前更多的游客，可见Lorenzo对意大利的旅游业持乐观的态度。故选A。
4. 通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了意大利为了解决热门旅游地的拥堵问题，采取了一些措施来改革旅游业，分散游客。故选C。
12~15.【答案】A、D、C、C
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一款捐款app，它能使用户捐款变得更加容易，且用户可随时追踪捐款信息，使捐款过程变得更加透明。
根据画线短语后的meaning that every dollar you give is passed on to the charities you want to support（也就是说，你捐赠的每一美元都会被转给你想要支持的慈善机构）可知，你捐赠的每一美元都能转到你想要支持的慈善机构，这款app不会扣留你的钱，故A项与画线短语意思最接近。keep back意为“保留（或扣留）某物的一部分”。故选A。
2. 根据第三段中的We started Sparrow... to design an environment that makes it extremely easy to do so（我们创办Sparrow是因为我们已经看到，让人们的意图与他们的行为一致的最好方法是设计一个非常容易做到这一点的环境）可知，发明这款app的原因是要为捐赠者创造一个环境，在这个环境中，他们所捐的钱能够真正发挥作用，也就是说使捐赠更有效。故选D。
3. 根据第四段中的choosing things you do... evidence-based charities（选择你做的事情或世界上发生的事件，并将它们与自动捐赠配对，捐赠给该公司选定的循证慈善机构之一。）可知，这个app帮助用户选择合适的慈善机构。故选C。
4. 根据最后一段中的I hope it takes off and floods evidence-based charities with funds（我希望它能够启动，并为基于证据的慈善机构注入大量资金）可知，A. J. Jacobs希望这个app能够取得成功，带来更多的携带资金的循证的慈善机构。故选C。
16~20.【答案】B、D、A、E、G
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文介绍了做园艺工作给人们带来的诸多益处。
本段从整体上介绍做园艺工作的益处，B项与本段内容相符。B项中的It指代上文中的Gardening，且空后的These plants与B项中的plants相照应。故B选项（这是一种种植和照料植物的行为。）符合语境。故选B。
2. 根据上文You become so focused in the task that you fail to realize that you are sweating. （你太专注于任务，以至于没有意识到自己在出汗。）可知，D项（你不仅减少了多余的卡路里，还增强了新的肌肉）与上文相承接。故选D。
3. 空处是本段的主旨句，本段介绍了做园艺工作有益于缓解压力，可以使人感到积极向上、充满能量，故A项（园艺让你感到新鲜。）能概括本段内容。故选A。
4. 根据语境可知，E项中的feel good from the inside与本段中的feel better about yourself相呼应，讲的是做园艺工作使人内心感觉非常好。故E项（种植和收获活动可以让你从内心感觉良好。）符合语境。故选E。
5. 本段主要讲的是园艺是人们喜爱的活动之一，并且很多人把它作为自己的爱好，故G项（园艺为你提供了与志同道合的人交流的机会。）符合语境。故选G。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、C、B、C、A、A、D、D、C、C、B、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】作者退休后成了一名临终关怀志愿者，给人们送自己种的玫瑰花。
句意：我怎么能退休了，但仍然有一种与我的社区联系的感觉？comparison对比；connection联系；fascination着迷；communication交流。根据下文中的with my community以及下文作者通过做志愿者来回报社区可知，作者想在退休后仍和社区保持联系。故选B。
2. 句意：毕竟，当我第一次创业时，他们支持我的努力，我想回报他们一些东西。supported支持；made使，让，制作；recorded记录；discovered发现。根据下文中的my effort... give something back可知，作者想回报社区是因为社区的人是支持作者的人。故选A。
3. 句意：知道我的困境后，一个朋友告诉我有一个临终关怀会，问我是否有兴趣成为一名临终关怀志愿者。target目标，靶子；dream梦想；decision决定；dilemma困境。作者想在退休后仍和社区保持联系，因此陷入了一种困境（dilemma）。故选D。
4. 句意：我非常兴奋！amused逗乐的；astonished感到十分惊讶的；excited兴奋的；disappointed失望的。根据下文中的Here was my opportunity... begin new ones可知，作者对这个机会感到兴奋。故选C。
5. 句意：有了新训练班提供的信息，我得到了第一份工作。Faced面对；Equipped配备； Charged指控；Occupied占用。根据下文中的with information from my new training class, I was assigned my first job可知，作者通过培训，获得了信息。故选B。
6. 句意：然后是一对年迈的夫妇，他们正在努力照顾彼此。fearing害怕；hesitating犹豫；struggling努力；promising承诺。根据语境及可知，这对老夫妇艰难地互相照顾。故选C。
7. 句意：起初他们有点不愿意让任何人进入他们的生活，但很快他们感谢我花园里的一束束玫瑰花。unwilling不愿意的；curious好奇的；grateful感激的；ashamed羞愧的。根据下文中的to let anyone into their lives, but soon... my garden可知，他们一开始有点不愿意让任何人进人他们的生活，但是很快他们感谢作者花园里的玫瑰，暗示他们接受了作者的帮助。故选A。
8. 句意同上。appreciated感谢；remembered回想起；exchanged交换；afforded买得起。根据句意可知，此处指这对年迈的夫妇接受了我的帮助，感谢我花园里的玫瑰花。故选A。
9. 句意：我的玫瑰园是我最大的骄傲。right权利；concern担心，忧虑；reward报酬；pride骄傲。根据下文可知，作者的花给社区的人带去了快乐。由此可推知玫瑰花园是作者最大的骄傲。故选D。
10. 句意：一束鲜红色的多莉·帕顿玫瑰似乎总能为他们的病房增辉添彩。compete with与……竞争；go with伴随……而有；tidy up收拾；brighten up为…...增辉添彩。根据下文中的their sickroom可知，花朵为病房增添了色彩。故选D。
11. 句意：我的花园里有八到十棵灌木丛，受到他们的喜爱，它们开始生长。impression印象；treatment治疗；affection喜爱；comfort舒”。根据上文中的“My garden of eight to ten bushes”以及下文中的began to grow可知，花园里的花束因为受到人们的喜爱，开始多了起来。故选C。
12. 句意：二十株、四十株、六十五株灌木，一整码美妙芬芳的玫瑰都在等待着修剪，它们似乎知道自己的目的，并以盛开的花朵超越了自己。plan计划；change改变；purpose目的；faith新鲜。根据下文中的and outdid themselves with big blooms可知，此处将花朵拟人，它们竞相开放，好像清楚自己的目的是给人们带去快乐。故选C。
13. 句意：玫瑰开始出现在我们社区的婚礼、茶话会和其他社交场合，这是我找到的另一种回报方式。cases案例；occasions场合；backgrounds背景；relationships关系。根据上文中的The roses began to appear at weddings, tea parties, and on other social可知，婚礼、茶会和其他社交场合都出现了作者的玫瑰。故选B。
14. 句意：我的志愿者工作继续着。last最后的；personal个人的；essential必要的；voluntary自愿的，志愿的。此处呼应上文中的becoming a hospice volunteer，指作者的志愿工作。故选D。
15. 句意：当我接到临终关怀中心的电话说“有人在找你”时，我内心充满了人性，真的很愿意帮助别人。really真地；creatively有创造性地；merely仅仅；gradually逐渐地。根据文章的叙述，尤其是I wanted to give something back和Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships以及just another way I found to give back可知，作者确实准备好帮助别人。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
what
【小题2】
are called
【小题3】
scientific
【小题4】
imagination
【小题5】
meeting
【小题6】
largely
【小题7】
In
【小题8】
sent
【小题9】
a
【小题10】
examples
【解析】1. 分析句子可知，此处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，应用连接代词what。故填what。
2. 分析句子可知，此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时，且Made-up stories与动词call之间是动宾关系，指“被称为”，所以此处为一般现在时的被动语态。主语Made-up stories为复数意义，be动词为are，call的过去分词形式为called。故填are called。
3. 分析句子可知，此处应用science的形容词形式scientific，作定语修饰名词facts，意为“科学的”。故填scientific。
4. 分析句子可知，空处为名词作宾语。结合空前a lot of可知，此处为imagine的名词形式imagination，意为“想象力”，为不可数名词。故填imagination。
5. 分析句子可知，此句已有谓语动词describe，所以此处为非谓语动词。其逻辑主语people与动词meet之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作定语。故填meeting。
6. 分析句子可知，此处修饰动词seeks作状语，应用large的副词形式是largely，意为“主要地；在很大程度上”。故填largely。
7. 分析句子可知，此处为固定短语in this way，意为“通过这种方式”。句首首字母需大写。故填In。
8. 分析句子可知，此句已有谓语动词helped，故此处为非谓语动词。主语The first rockets与动词send之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，指“被送上太空”，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填sent。
9. 分析句子可知，此处表示泛指“严肃文学的一种形式”，且空后form的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处为不定冠词a。故填a。
10. 分析句子可知，空处应为名词作主语。根据谓语动词include可知，空处为名词example的复数形式examples。故填examples。
37.【答案】 "Something must have gone wrong with him," I thought to myself. Sure enough, with a closer look, I found the boy waving his hands desperately. I quickly dived into the water, swimming towards the boy at full speed. By the time I reached him, he had sunk to the bottom of the pool, which filled my heart with fright and concern. I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside, keeping his head above the water.
Having the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck. I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasn't breathing. Every second counted! Without hesitation, I did first aid, performing CPR as trained. Other guards watching anxiously, I carried on, sweating. Suddenly, a stream of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely. Seeing the boy regain consciousness, those around broke into cheers. Exhausted, I sighed with relief. I thought had I accepted that easy position, I would have been nothing but a bystander. I'm happy I didn't take the easy way out.
【解析】略
38.【答案】Dear Catherine,
① Learning that part-time waiters are needed for your coffee bar, I am writing to apply for the position. I'm a student of 16, studying at a senior high school.
I believe I am pretty qualified for the job. First of all, I once worked as a waiter for months in a fast-food restaurant in my spare time. ② In addition, I'm outgoing, friendly as well as helpful, which I think will help me a lot in dealing with different customers. What's more, I can play the piano and it can surely create a warmer and friendlier atmosphere.
I'd appreciate it if you could consider my application. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文是一篇应用文，话题为一封求职信，写作要点已给出，写作时应注意不要遗漏要点，适当添加细节，以充实文章内容。
【亮点词汇】
①apply for申请
②be qualified for有......资格，胜任
③as well as也，以及
④a warmer and friendlier atmosphere更加温暖友好的气氛
【高分句型】
①Learning that part-time waiters are needed for your coffee bar, I am writing to apply for the position.（动词的-ing形式作状语；that引导的宾语从句）
②In addition, I'm outgoing, friendly as well as helpful, which I think will help me a lot in dealing with different customers.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【结构布局】
引言：说明写信目的
中心：介绍能够胜任的原因
结尾：请求答复并表示感激
【拓展词汇】
①live up to one's expectations不辜负某人的期望
②have a good command of精通
【拓展句型】
①If you think I am the perfect person for ..., please contact me at your earliest convenience.如果您认为我是……的最佳人选，请尽早联系我。
②I request an interview, and assure you that if appointed, I will do my best to give you satisfaction.恳请惠予面试之荣，入蒙录用，本人必竭尽全力，为公司服务，以符厚望。
第2页，共19页
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Youth Job Connection What is the Youth Job Connection (YJC) program
Youth Job Connection (YJC) is an employment program assisting the youth aged 15 to 29 to develop key work readiness skills. YJC provides job-related training, resume(简历) and career plan building, job search and placement opportunities, plus helps participants successfully get through the transition(过渡) to the workforce.
The YJC program is offered to all of Lanark County through our location, including: Perth, Smiths Falls, Carleton Place, Mississippi Mills, Almonte and everywhere in between.
YJC will help two types of participants.
YJC provides year-round employment support for the youth aged 15 to 29 who are not employed, not in education or training and who experience barriers to employment.
The summer YJC provides summer job opportunities and part-time job placement during the school year for the youth aged 15 to 18, helping multi-barrier high school students make encouraging educational and professional choices. The focus will be on the youth who face challenging life circumstances to experience a positive transition between education and work.
What do YJC participants receive
Individuals in the YJC program receive a full range of support beyond traditional job search and placement opportunities. These include:
●Paid pre-employment training hours to promote job readiness skills
●Work-related safety certifications and employment readiness workshops
●Job matching a local employer and a paid job placement
●Round-trip transportation to YJC workshops for long distant participants if required
●Education and work transition support
●Financial support for work-related expenses (i. e. tools, clothing)
1. What can you get through Youth Job Connection
A. Career training. B. Rich working experience.
C. A job with a good salary. D. A book about resume building.
2. Which of the following is the service of the summer YJC
A. Solving the youth's education problems.
B. Helping the youth face role transition.
C. Providing full-time job chances.
D. Supporting college students.
3. What support can the participants receive from YJC
A. An unpaid job placement.
B. Education-related certifications.
C. One-way transportation.
D. Financial support for clothing.
B
From the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, plastic continues to pollute the environment, and it creates a significant threat to all life forms on Earth. Despite knowing the effects of plastic pollution, we have not been able to ban the use of plastic products. Now, thanks to the invention of a 17-year-old girl, Arora, we finally have a better choice. This plastic-like material is made from prawn(大虾) shells, and it breaks down 1.5 million times faster than most of the commercial plastic products we use today.
The Australian teen first became aware of the impact of plastic waste on the environment when shopping with her mother. She wondered why her mother had to pay for the plastic bags. When asked, the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it. This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one.
But the journey of inventing "eco-friendly plastic" was not easy. She experimented with a number of organic materials such as cornflour and banana peels, both of which had to be ruled out because of their solubility(溶解性). One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research. Later, she would describe that dinner as her eureka moment.
She extracted the material called "chitin" from the shells and then mixed it with an insoluble protein called "fibroin", which is found in silk cocoons. Using the combination of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that breaks down completely within just 33 days. Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.
Arora's invention has caused a stir, and she has won a number of awards. As an inspiring young woman, Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people to follow their passion and make a positive difference however they can.
4. What inspired Arora to create a kind of special plastic
A. A cashier's words about paid plastic bags.
B. Her determination to protect the prawns.
C. A class about plastic's impact on the planet.
D. Her plan to save money on plastic products.
5. What could be a eureka moment
A. A moment of needing reflection.
B. A moment of finding the truth.
C. A moment of having sudden inspiration.
D. A moment of enjoying the celebration.
6. What can be known about the new plastic in paragraph 4
A. It is made from non-organic materials.
B. It can break down totally in a month.
C. It can be used to help plants to grow.
D. It is extracted from an insoluble protein.
7. Which of the following can best describe Arora
A. Brave and clever. B. Creative and inspiring.
C. Active and considerate. D. Humorous and friendly.
C
Before the COVID-19 pandemic arrived in Italy, the big worry about tourism was overcrowding: the impact on infrastructure, the environment, and the quality of life of residents from millions of tourists crowding the country's most popular spots in a handful locations, like Florence, Rome and Venice.
According to most estimates, the tourism sector(行业) is not expected to recover to pre-pandemic levels until late 2023 or early 2024, but political leaders and many working in the sector are taking steps now to reform the tourism sector to make sure that, as the tourism strengthens, it avoids the former overcrowding problems in tourist centers.
"Italy should not emphasize the dependence on big tour buses that all pull in to parking lots and overwhelm a small town for a few hours, but promote more high-quality tourism that shows visitors the country's wonders beyond the few dozen places everyone knows about," Gianfranco Lorenzo, head of the research department for Florence's Center for Touristic Studies, says. There's no reason why people should be lined up to see one famous site when there are many places that are just as important and just as impressive.
Those strategies are already in development. This summer many Italian cities are trying to focus the attention of visitors on outdoor attractions like sprawling gardens and architectural ruins, where visitors can remain spread out to keep coronavirus infection risks low. Florence's Uffizi Galleries, one of the most visited museums in Italy, has launched the "Uffizi Diffusi" initiative which includes displaying some of its collections in museums in smaller towns to help draw tourists who might otherwise have spent their time in overcrowded Florence.
Lorenzo says reducing the impact of tourists does not mean the country will have to host fewer tourists in the future. "In a few years we could even have more tourists than we had before the pandemic," he says. "But for that to be sustainable, they just have to be spread out more evenly."
8. Why does Italy adopt reforms in the tourism sector
A. To ease the crowdedness at tourist attractions.
B. To protect visitors from COVID-19 infection.
C. To limit the number of tourists coming to Italy.
D. To host more foreign tourists in the near future.
9. What can we infer about the "Uffizi Diffusi" initiative from paragraph 4
A. It aims to display more great works.
B. It hasn't been put into practice.
C. It will be supported by tourists.
D. It can help spread out visitors.
10. What is Lorenzo's attitude towards the future of tourism in Italy
A. Optimistic. B. Curious. C. Disappointed. D. Concerned.
11. What's the text mainly about
A. The future of tourist spots in Italy.
B. The problem of overcrowding in Italy.
C. The reform of the tourist industry in Italy.
D. The impact of the pandemic on Italy's tourism.
D
When you donate money to a charity, do you ever wonder where your money is actually going, and who it's helping Do you worry that the organization isn't reflecting your values exactly, or isn't totally transparent(透明的)
A new app, called Sparrow, promises to take the guesswork out of giving and ensure donors make a meaningful influence. They're doing this by allowing donors to choose a specific "rule" and tie it to their giving. For example, you can set it up so that every time you fill up your gas tank, a small part of the sales goes to an environmental nonprofit organization of your choice. You can set a cap on your donation and choose how long you want the app to track it. And, the app doesn't take a cut in your donation, meaning that every dollar you give is passed on to the charities you want to support.
While researching the psychology of effective giving, the researchers became frustrated that there was no existing solution that makes donation simple and enjoyable. "We started Sparrow because we've seen that the best way to make people's intentions agree with their behavior is to design an environment that makes it extremely easy to do so," two of its founders, Fitz and Kagan, wrote in a blog post.
To use Sparrow, users first set up "giving rules"—choosing things you do or events happening in the world and pairing them with an automatic donation to one of the company's chosen collections of evidence-based charities. Then, as you go about your life, some of your activities will cause the rules to function and the donations are automatically transferred to the nonprofit organizations from your bank account.
The New York Times best-selling author A. J. Jacobs said, "I'm a huge fan. I think it's a way to celebrate the good things and I hope it takes off and floods evidence-based charities with funds." Fitz and Kagan added, "By taking evidence-based approaches to building the evidence-based movement, I believe we can do even more good."
12. What does the underlined phrase "take a cut in" mean
A. Keep back. B. Work out. C. Keep track of. D. Take charge of.
13. Why did the researchers invent the app
A. To simplify the work of charities.
B. To encourage voluntary donation.
C. To show people's donation intentions.
D. To make the donation effective.
14. How does the app help its users
A. By giving financial advice. B. By making donation rules.
C. By choosing proper charities. D. By identifying the donations.
15. What does A. J. Jacobs expect of the app
A. It will help regulate the donors' behavior.
B. It will make it easier to raise fund for users.
C. It will bring in more evidence-based charities.
D. It will promote the use of other donation apps.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Gardening is of special importance in protecting the environment and improving the healthy ecosystem. (1) These plants feed insects and humans for their survival. Plants also reduce pollution in the air. The good news is that it does more than that.
The chores involve planting, harvesting, watering and weeding, which exercise all physical parts of the body. The act of pulling weeds, reaching for tools and bending your body gives you a full-body aerobic(有氧的) workout. You become so focused in the task that you fail to realize that you are sweating. (2) This increases your strength and flexibility.
(3) It is one of the best activities for people who suffer from depression. It has been observed that thirty minutes of gardening is helpful in reducing stress and improving mood in a person. After you perform this task, you will feel positive and high in energy.
This fun-filled activity does a power of good to development of self-worth. (4) You feel better about yourself from making a positive contribution to the nature.
Gardening is one of the enjoyable activities for people. A lot of people pursue it as their hobby. (5) In this way, it helps to improve your life quality.
A. Gardening makes you feel fresh.
B. It is an act of growing plants and taking care of them.
C. While doing gardening, you spend more time under the sun.
D. You not only lose unwanted calories but also develop new muscles.
E. Planting and harvesting activities can make you feel good from the inside.
F. When you grow plants, you get healthy food to keep your body healthy.
G. Gardening provides you a chance to communicate with like-minded people.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
After thirty-three years of managing a grocery store in my hometown, I decided to sell my business and retire. How could I retire but still have a feeling of (21) with my community After all, they are the people who (22) my effort when I first opened the business and I wanted to give something back.
Knowing my (23) , a friend told me about a hospice meeting and asked if I would be interested in becoming a hospice volunteer. I was so (24) ! Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships and begin new ones.
(25) with information from my new training class, I was assigned my first job. With trembling knees, I knocked on the door. Then came the elderly couple who were (26) to tend each other. At first they were a little (27) to let anyone into their lives, but soon they (28) the bunches of roses from my garden. My rose garden was my greatest (29) . A fresh red bunch of Dolly Parton's roses always seemed to (30) their sickroom. My garden of eight to ten bushes, inspired by their (31) , began to grow. Twenty, then forty, then sixty-five bushes, a whole yard of wonderful fragrant roses just waited to be cut and they seemed to know their (32) and outdid themselves with big blooms. The roses began to appear at weddings, tea parties, and on other social (33) in our community—just another way I found to give back. My (34) job continued. When I got a call from the hospice with the words "Someone has asked for you", I was filled with great humanity and was (35) ready to help.
21. A. comparison B. connection C. fascination D. communication
22. A. supported B. made C. recorded D. discovered
23. A. target B. dream C. decision D. dilemma
24. A. amused B. astonished C. excited D. disappointed
25. A. Faced B. Equipped C. Charged D. Occupied
26. A. fearing B. hesitating C. struggling D. promising
27. A. unwilling B. curious C. grateful D. ashamed
28. A. appreciated B. remembered C. exchanged D. afforded
29. A. right B. concern C. reward D. pride
30. A. compete with B. go with C. tidy up D. brighten up
31. A. impression B. treatment C. affection D. comfort
32. A. plan B. change C. purpose D. faith
33. A. cases B. occasions C. backgrounds D. relationships
34. A. last B. personal C. essential D. voluntary
35. A. really B. creatively C. merely D. gradually
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Science fiction is a special type of fiction or story. Humans have long wondered (1) life on another planet might be like. People have also wondered how different kinds of technology might affect life on Earth. Made-up stories that address such questions (2) (call) science fiction. These stories may discuss ideas about (3) (science) facts or real technology. But they also involve a lot of (4) (imagine). For example, a story might describe people (5) (meet) with space aliens for the first time. Many science fiction stories present different possible futures for human society. Science fiction seeks (6) (large) to entertain. However, many science fiction stories also imagine different ways people might act and relate to one another. (7) this way science fiction may help reveal important things about human nature and society. Science fiction did not become a major type of writing until the 1900s. The first rockets (8) (send) into space and rapid advances in technology helped create an interest in this writing. Authors such as Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, and Robert A. Heinlein helped establish the style as (9) form of serious literature.
Science fiction stories have also been the subject of television shows and movies in the 20th and 21st centuries. Popular (10) (example) include the Star Trek television shows and movies and the Star Wars series of movies.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Lungs nearly burst. I struggled to lift my head out of the water. Inch by inch, my tired body reached the end of the pool.
The extent of my swimming career was purely recreational, while the competitive swimmers nearby thought nothing of the seemingly simple task of a 500-meter swim test. Pushing myself to finish what I had started, I could only think: why not take the easy way out
Earlier that week, I had turned in my first job application at a local pool. Overqualified, I was hired on the spot. However, the tasks were boring: helping confused visitors and measuring the height of children before they went down the slide(滑梯). I was capable of more.
So a swim test was required, establishing the mere fact that I was not completely helpless in a pool. Midway through, the manager administering the test remarked, "This looks really easy for you. Why aren't you applying to become a guard "
"The thought didn't cross my mind."
"Well, lifeguarding demands more responsibility, strength and respect. Thus the position pays $ 2 more per hour. Your swimming skills are strong enough. All you need to do is complete a certification class."
Inside I was unsure of myself, but his words inspired me—You never know what you are capable of until you force yourself to do it.
Soon I passed the swim test. All left was to practice and learn first aid, CPR(心肺复苏), and procedures for different land-based and water-based emergencies.
Work started soon. A well-intentioned yet anxious feeling in me soon passed. Days, weeks, and months went by without incident; emergencies were rare. The skills and training I had so carefully studied and acquired seemed unnecessary.
Today appeared to be another uneventful day. However, shortly after the other guards signaled to the children to exit the pool, I noticed one boy was still in the middle while the others had climbed up.
Paragraph 1:
"Something must have gone wrong with him," I thought to myself.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Having the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假定你是李华，你在网站上看到来自英国的Catherine在你所在城市经营的咖啡厅的招聘广告。请根据以下广告要求写一封求职信。
(1)兼职服务生；
(2)年龄16—20岁；
(3)相关经历。
注意：
(1)词数80左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、B、D
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Youth Job Connection这个项目。
根据第一段中的YJC provides job-related training, resume(简历) and career plan building, job search and placement opportunities, plus helps participants successfully get through the transition(过渡) to the workforce.（YJC提供与工作相关的培训、简历和职业规划建设、求职和安置机会，并帮助参与者成功过渡到劳动力市场。）可知，YJC提供和工作相关的培训，故选A。
2. 根据第六段中的The focus will be on the youth who face challenging life circumstances to experience a positive transition between education and work.（重点将放在面临挑战性生活环境的年轻人身上，他们将经历教育和工作之间的积极过渡。）可知，该项目的重心在于使面对富有挑战性的生活环境的青年在教育和工作之间能进行积极的过渡，即角色的转换，故选B。
3. 根据What do YJC participants receive 部分中的Financial support for work-related expenses (i. e. tools, clothing（工作相关费用的财务支持（如工具、服装））可知，YJC提供工作相关费用方面的财政支持，即工具、衣服，故选D。
4~7.【答案】A、C、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了17岁的女孩Arora为了保护环境并减少塑料污染发明了类似塑料的材料。
根据第二段中的When asked, the cashier informed... the conventional one.（当被问及塑料对地球的危害时，收银员告诉她，额外的费用是为了鼓励人们不要使用塑料。这启发Arora创造了一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料。）可知，一名收银员讲述了塑料的危害以及通过收费的方式来减少人们对塑料的使用，这些话激励Arora发明比传统塑料分解更快的塑料。故选A。
2. 根据第三段中的One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research.（一天晚上，在吃晚饭的时候，她注意到虾壳看起来像塑料。她立即去实验室进行研究）可知，这个时刻是她产生灵感的时刻。故选C。
3. 根据第四段中的Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.（此外，这种塑料在分解时会释放氮，这就是为什么它可以用作植物肥料的原因。）可知，这种塑料在分解的时候可以释放氯气，因此可以作为植物化肥，帮助植物生长。故选C。
4. 从全文内容可知，Arora发明了可快速分解的类似塑料的材料，故她是有创造力的；又根据最后一段她对青少年的激励可推知，Aora是鼓舞人心的。故选B。
8~11.【答案】A、D、A、C
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了意大利采取了一些措施对旅游业进行改革，以期能够解决热门旅游地的拥挤问题。
根据第二段中的it avoids the former overcrowding problems in tourist centers（它避免了以前旅游中心过于拥挤的问题。）可知，政治领导人和许多在旅游行业工作的人正在采取措施改革旅游业来解决旅游中心拥挤的问题。故选A。
2. 根据第四段中的which includes displaying some of its collections in museums in smaller towns to help draw tourists who might otherwise have spent their time in overcrowded Florence.（其中包括在小城镇的博物馆里展示一些藏品，以吸引游客，否则他们可能会在拥挤的佛罗伦萨度过时光。）可知，“Uffizi Diffusi”倡议能帮助把游客分散到不同的地方，避免佛罗伦萨过度拥挤。故选D。
3. 根据最后一段中的reducing the impact of tourists does not mean the country will have to host fewer tourists in the future（减少游客的影响并不意味着该国将不得不在未来减少接待游客）和In a few years we could even have more tourists than we had before the pandemic（几年后，我们甚至可以拥有比大流行前更多的游客）可知，Lorenzo认为几年后，意大利能接待比新冠肺炎疫情之前更多的游客，可见Lorenzo对意大利的旅游业持乐观的态度。故选A。
4. 通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了意大利为了解决热门旅游地的拥堵问题，采取了一些措施来改革旅游业，分散游客。故选C。
12~15.【答案】A、D、C、C
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一款捐款app，它能使用户捐款变得更加容易，且用户可随时追踪捐款信息，使捐款过程变得更加透明。
根据画线短语后的meaning that every dollar you give is passed on to the charities you want to support（也就是说，你捐赠的每一美元都会被转给你想要支持的慈善机构）可知，你捐赠的每一美元都能转到你想要支持的慈善机构，这款app不会扣留你的钱，故A项与画线短语意思最接近。keep back意为“保留（或扣留）某物的一部分”。故选A。
2. 根据第三段中的We started Sparrow... to design an environment that makes it extremely easy to do so（我们创办Sparrow是因为我们已经看到，让人们的意图与他们的行为一致的最好方法是设计一个非常容易做到这一点的环境）可知，发明这款app的原因是要为捐赠者创造一个环境，在这个环境中，他们所捐的钱能够真正发挥作用，也就是说使捐赠更有效。故选D。
3. 根据第四段中的choosing things you do... evidence-based charities（选择你做的事情或世界上发生的事件，并将它们与自动捐赠配对，捐赠给该公司选定的循证慈善机构之一。）可知，这个app帮助用户选择合适的慈善机构。故选C。
4. 根据最后一段中的I hope it takes off and floods evidence-based charities with funds（我希望它能够启动，并为基于证据的慈善机构注入大量资金）可知，A. J. Jacobs希望这个app能够取得成功，带来更多的携带资金的循证的慈善机构。故选C。
16~20.【答案】B、D、A、E、G
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文介绍了做园艺工作给人们带来的诸多益处。
本段从整体上介绍做园艺工作的益处，B项与本段内容相符。B项中的It指代上文中的Gardening，且空后的These plants与B项中的plants相照应。故B选项（这是一种种植和照料植物的行为。）符合语境。故选B。
2. 根据上文You become so focused in the task that you fail to realize that you are sweating. （你太专注于任务，以至于没有意识到自己在出汗。）可知，D项（你不仅减少了多余的卡路里，还增强了新的肌肉）与上文相承接。故选D。
3. 空处是本段的主旨句，本段介绍了做园艺工作有益于缓解压力，可以使人感到积极向上、充满能量，故A项（园艺让你感到新鲜。）能概括本段内容。故选A。
4. 根据语境可知，E项中的feel good from the inside与本段中的feel better about yourself相呼应，讲的是做园艺工作使人内心感觉非常好。故E项（种植和收获活动可以让你从内心感觉良好。）符合语境。故选E。
5. 本段主要讲的是园艺是人们喜爱的活动之一，并且很多人把它作为自己的爱好，故G项（园艺为你提供了与志同道合的人交流的机会。）符合语境。故选G。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、C、B、C、A、A、D、D、C、C、B、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】作者退休后成了一名临终关怀志愿者，给人们送自己种的玫瑰花。
句意：我怎么能退休了，但仍然有一种与我的社区联系的感觉？comparison对比；connection联系；fascination着迷；communication交流。根据下文中的with my community以及下文作者通过做志愿者来回报社区可知，作者想在退休后仍和社区保持联系。故选B。
2. 句意：毕竟，当我第一次创业时，他们支持我的努力，我想回报他们一些东西。supported支持；made使，让，制作；recorded记录；discovered发现。根据下文中的my effort... give something back可知，作者想回报社区是因为社区的人是支持作者的人。故选A。
3. 句意：知道我的困境后，一个朋友告诉我有一个临终关怀会，问我是否有兴趣成为一名临终关怀志愿者。target目标，靶子；dream梦想；decision决定；dilemma困境。作者想在退休后仍和社区保持联系，因此陷入了一种困境（dilemma）。故选D。
4. 句意：我非常兴奋！amused逗乐的；astonished感到十分惊讶的；excited兴奋的；disappointed失望的。根据下文中的Here was my opportunity... begin new ones可知，作者对这个机会感到兴奋。故选C。
5. 句意：有了新训练班提供的信息，我得到了第一份工作。Faced面对；Equipped配备； Charged指控；Occupied占用。根据下文中的with information from my new training class, I was assigned my first job可知，作者通过培训，获得了信息。故选B。
6. 句意：然后是一对年迈的夫妇，他们正在努力照顾彼此。fearing害怕；hesitating犹豫；struggling努力；promising承诺。根据语境及可知，这对老夫妇艰难地互相照顾。故选C。
7. 句意：起初他们有点不愿意让任何人进入他们的生活，但很快他们感谢我花园里的一束束玫瑰花。unwilling不愿意的；curious好奇的；grateful感激的；ashamed羞愧的。根据下文中的to let anyone into their lives, but soon... my garden可知，他们一开始有点不愿意让任何人进人他们的生活，但是很快他们感谢作者花园里的玫瑰，暗示他们接受了作者的帮助。故选A。
8. 句意同上。appreciated感谢；remembered回想起；exchanged交换；afforded买得起。根据句意可知，此处指这对年迈的夫妇接受了我的帮助，感谢我花园里的玫瑰花。故选A。
9. 句意：我的玫瑰园是我最大的骄傲。right权利；concern担心，忧虑；reward报酬；pride骄傲。根据下文可知，作者的花给社区的人带去了快乐。由此可推知玫瑰花园是作者最大的骄傲。故选D。
10. 句意：一束鲜红色的多莉·帕顿玫瑰似乎总能为他们的病房增辉添彩。compete with与……竞争；go with伴随……而有；tidy up收拾；brighten up为…...增辉添彩。根据下文中的their sickroom可知，花朵为病房增添了色彩。故选D。
11. 句意：我的花园里有八到十棵灌木丛，受到他们的喜爱，它们开始生长。impression印象；treatment治疗；affection喜爱；comfort舒”。根据上文中的“My garden of eight to ten bushes”以及下文中的began to grow可知，花园里的花束因为受到人们的喜爱，开始多了起来。故选C。
12. 句意：二十株、四十株、六十五株灌木，一整码美妙芬芳的玫瑰都在等待着修剪，它们似乎知道自己的目的，并以盛开的花朵超越了自己。plan计划；change改变；purpose目的；faith新鲜。根据下文中的and outdid themselves with big blooms可知，此处将花朵拟人，它们竞相开放，好像清楚自己的目的是给人们带去快乐。故选C。
13. 句意：玫瑰开始出现在我们社区的婚礼、茶话会和其他社交场合，这是我找到的另一种回报方式。cases案例；occasions场合；backgrounds背景；relationships关系。根据上文中的The roses began to appear at weddings, tea parties, and on other social可知，婚礼、茶会和其他社交场合都出现了作者的玫瑰。故选B。
14. 句意：我的志愿者工作继续着。last最后的；personal个人的；essential必要的；voluntary自愿的，志愿的。此处呼应上文中的becoming a hospice volunteer，指作者的志愿工作。故选D。
15. 句意：当我接到临终关怀中心的电话说“有人在找你”时，我内心充满了人性，真的很愿意帮助别人。really真地；creatively有创造性地；merely仅仅；gradually逐渐地。根据文章的叙述，尤其是I wanted to give something back和Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships以及just another way I found to give back可知，作者确实准备好帮助别人。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
what
【小题2】
are called
【小题3】
scientific
【小题4】
imagination
【小题5】
meeting
【小题6】
largely
【小题7】
In
【小题8】
sent
【小题9】
a
【小题10】
examples
【解析】1. 分析句子可知，此处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，应用连接代词what。故填what。
2. 分析句子可知，此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时，且Made-up stories与动词call之间是动宾关系，指“被称为”，所以此处为一般现在时的被动语态。主语Made-up stories为复数意义，be动词为are，call的过去分词形式为called。故填are called。
3. 分析句子可知，此处应用science的形容词形式scientific，作定语修饰名词facts，意为“科学的”。故填scientific。
4. 分析句子可知，空处为名词作宾语。结合空前a lot of可知，此处为imagine的名词形式imagination，意为“想象力”，为不可数名词。故填imagination。
5. 分析句子可知，此句已有谓语动词describe，所以此处为非谓语动词。其逻辑主语people与动词meet之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作定语。故填meeting。
6. 分析句子可知，此处修饰动词seeks作状语，应用large的副词形式是largely，意为“主要地；在很大程度上”。故填largely。
7. 分析句子可知，此处为固定短语in this way，意为“通过这种方式”。句首首字母需大写。故填In。
8. 分析句子可知，此句已有谓语动词helped，故此处为非谓语动词。主语The first rockets与动词send之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，指“被送上太空”，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填sent。
9. 分析句子可知，此处表示泛指“严肃文学的一种形式”，且空后form的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处为不定冠词a。故填a。
10. 分析句子可知，空处应为名词作主语。根据谓语动词include可知，空处为名词example的复数形式examples。故填examples。
37.【答案】 "Something must have gone wrong with him," I thought to myself. Sure enough, with a closer look, I found the boy waving his hands desperately. I quickly dived into the water, swimming towards the boy at full speed. By the time I reached him, he had sunk to the bottom of the pool, which filled my heart with fright and concern. I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside, keeping his head above the water.
Having the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck. I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasn't breathing. Every second counted! Without hesitation, I did first aid, performing CPR as trained. Other guards watching anxiously, I carried on, sweating. Suddenly, a stream of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely. Seeing the boy regain consciousness, those around broke into cheers. Exhausted, I sighed with relief. I thought had I accepted that easy position, I would have been nothing but a bystander. I'm happy I didn't take the easy way out.
【解析】略
38.【答案】Dear Catherine,
① Learning that part-time waiters are needed for your coffee bar, I am writing to apply for the position. I'm a student of 16, studying at a senior high school.
I believe I am pretty qualified for the job. First of all, I once worked as a waiter for months in a fast-food restaurant in my spare time. ② In addition, I'm outgoing, friendly as well as helpful, which I think will help me a lot in dealing with different customers. What's more, I can play the piano and it can surely create a warmer and friendlier atmosphere.
I'd appreciate it if you could consider my application. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文是一篇应用文，话题为一封求职信，写作要点已给出，写作时应注意不要遗漏要点，适当添加细节，以充实文章内容。
【亮点词汇】
①apply for申请
②be qualified for有......资格，胜任
③as well as也，以及
④a warmer and friendlier atmosphere更加温暖友好的气氛
【高分句型】
①Learning that part-time waiters are needed for your coffee bar, I am writing to apply for the position.（动词的-ing形式作状语；that引导的宾语从句）
②In addition, I'm outgoing, friendly as well as helpful, which I think will help me a lot in dealing with different customers.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【结构布局】
引言：说明写信目的
中心：介绍能够胜任的原因
结尾：请求答复并表示感激
【拓展词汇】
①live up to one's expectations不辜负某人的期望
②have a good command of精通
【拓展句型】
①If you think I am the perfect person for ..., please contact me at your earliest convenience.如果您认为我是……的最佳人选，请尽早联系我。
②I request an interview, and assure you that if appointed, I will do my best to give you satisfaction.恳请惠予面试之荣，入蒙录用，本人必竭尽全力，为公司服务，以符厚望。
第2页，共19页