人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 1 Science Fiction 单元能力提升（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 1 Science Fiction 单元能力提升（含解析） |  | |
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Unit 1 Science Fiction
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Many consider George Bernard Shaw's body of work to be second only to Shakespeare's. Shaw possesses a deep love of language, high comedy, and social consciousness and this is evident in some of his best plays.
Pygmalion
Thanks to its musical adaptation (My Fair Lady), Shaw's Pygmalion has become the playwright's most famous comedy. It illustrates the comical clash (滑稽的冲突) between two different worlds. The upper-class Henry Higgins attempts to transform lower-class girl Eliza Doolittle into a refined lady. As Eliza begins to change, Henry realizes that he has become rather attached to his "pet project". But they don't end up as a couple.
Heartbreak House
In Heartbreak House, Shaw was influenced by Anton Chekhov, a Russian novelist, and populated the play with humorous characters in sad situations. Set in England during World War I, the play centers on Ellie Dunn, a young woman who visits a leisurely household filled with idle (无所事事的) men and women. In this play, Shaw demonstrates how much the society lacks purposes.
Major Barbara
The story concerns an idealistic young woman Barbara Undershaft. She shows her love for the poor and struggles to help them get rid of poverty and fights against armament manufacturers such as her wealthy father. Much of this play is a discussion between two differing ideas. Shaw called it "the conflict between real life and the romantic imagination".
Saint Joan
Shaw felt that this powerful historical drama represented his best work. The play tells the famous story of Joan of Arc. Shaw created many strong female roles throughout his career. With Saint Joan, Shaw reached the height of his fame as a dramatist. For a Shavian (萧伯纳的) actress, Saint Joan is perhaps the greatest and most rewarding challenge presented by the Irish playwright.
1. What can we know about Heartbreak House
A. It is Shaw's most famous play.
B. It is set at the backdrop of a war.
C. It shows the success of a woman.
D. It is adapted by Anton Chekhov.
2. Which play tells the heroine's efforts to help poor people
A. Pygmalion. B. Saint Joan.
C. Major Barbara. D. Heartbreak House.
3. Who is the leading character in the work judged to be the best by Shaw
A. Joan of Arc. B. Ellie Dunn.
C. Barbara Undershaft. D. Eliza Doolittle.
B
From the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, plastic continues to pollute the environment, and it creates a significant threat to all life forms on Earth. Despite knowing the effects of plastic pollution, we have not been able to ban the use of plastic products. Now, thanks to the invention of a 17-year-old girl, Arora, we finally have a better choice. This plastic-like material is made from prawn (大虾) shells, and it breaks down 1.5 million times faster than most of the commercial plastic products we use today.
The Australian teen first became aware of the impact of plastic waste on the environment when shopping with her mother. She wondered why her mother had to pay for the plastic bags. When asked, the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it. This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one.
But the journey of inventing "eco-friendly plastic" was not easy. She experimented with a number of organic materials such as cornflour and banana peels, both of which had to be ruled out because of their solubility (溶解性). One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research. Later, she would describe that dinner as her eureka (顿悟) moment.
She extracted the material called "chitin" from the shells and then mixed it with an insoluble protein called "fibroin", which is found in silk cocoons. Using the combination of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that breaks down completely within just 33 days. Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.
Arora's invention has caused a stir, and she has won a number of awards. As an inspiring young woman, Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people to follow their passion and make a positive difference however they can.
4. What inspired Arora to create a kind of special plastic
A. A cashier's words about paid plastic bags.
B. Her determination to protect the prawns.
C. A class about plastic's impact on the planet.
D. Her plan to save money on plastic products.
5. What could be a eureka moment
A. A moment of needing reflection.
B. A moment of finding the truth.
C. A moment of having sudden inspiration.
D. A moment of enjoying the celebration.
6. What can be known about the new plastic in paragraph 4
A. It is made from non-organic materials.
B. It can break down totally in a month.
C. It can be used to help plants to grow.
D. It is extracted from an insoluble protein.
7. Which of the following can best describe Arora
A. Brave and clever. B. Creative and inspiring.
C. Active and considerate. D. Humorous and friendly.
C
It was once a shoreline buried by enough garbage to make it invisible (看不见的), thus, given the unfortunate nickname "toilet bowl". Now the Philippines' Manila Bay beach is totally different, compared with a few months ago. It happened so suddenly and extremely that it brought tears to the eyes of the local people.
The clean-up started on 27 January, when 5, 000 volunteers descended on Manila Bay to remove over 45 tons of garbage, marking the beginning of a nationwide environmental campaign. But some two months before this great movement began, a quiet revolution was already underway.
During the first week of December 2018, Brooklyn-based Bounties Network collected three tons of garbage from Manila Bay over two days through a project that paid a small group of people, mostly fishermen, with a digital currency based on the Ethereum (以太坊) system.
For the most non-bank-using Filipino fishermen, this was a first-ever experience with a digital currency. It's one that proves decisive in enabling poor communities around the world to take up arms in the fight against humanity's waste. There are signs that this recycling-for-digital-payment industry may be just about to take off. Earlier in September 2018, Plastic Bank, a Vancouver-based company powered by IBM technology, also started a similar project. They set up a project in Naga, a town in southern Luzon, the country's largest island, building a collection point to let people exchange plastic and recyclable materials for digital payouts through a system.
That both these pioneers have chosen the Philippines as their first location is not surprising considering the country's contribution to ocean waste. A study in The Wall Street Journal in 2015 revealed that the Philippines make the third-largest amount of plastic waste into global oceans.
8. Why did people call Manila Bay "toilet bowl"
A. It looked like a huge bowl.
B. It was covered by rubbish.
C. It was characterized by special toilets.
D. It functioned as a waste treatment plant.
9. What does the underlined phrase "descended on" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Suddenly arrived at. B. Completely depended on.
C. Occasionally looked around. D. Gradually disappeared from.
10. What made poor communities willing to fight against waste
A. The benefits to their homeland.
B. The desire to make a difference.
C. The chance to escape ocean pollution.
D. The experience with digital money.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. An Online System Helps End Ocean Pollution
B. Filipinos Contribute to Ocean Protection
C. Plastic Bank Is Powerful in Recycling Ocean Waste
D. Digital Revolution Pushes the Reuse of Plastic Waste
D
Bicycle riders may soon find themselves sharing bike lanes with autonomous delivery robots. Robotic company Refraction AI recently revealed plans for a delivery robot REV-1 that can use bicycle lanes.
REV-1 weighs only about 100 pounds and can hold up to 16 cubic feet of cargo (货物). To make sure that its cargo gets delivered to the correct person, recipients will receive a key code that they will have to enter on a keypad on the REV-1 to unbolt its cargo compartment (隔间) and receive their goods.
REV-1 comes equipped with 12 cameras alongside radars and sensors that keep it aware of the environment. Refraction AI says that these systems are much cheaper than the laser-based light detection systems that have become popular in similar autonomous systems. In addition, REV-1's short stopping distance, combined with its slow speed, makes it safer than other self-driving vehicles.
Despite Refraction AI's safety claims, members of the bicycle community remain skeptical and many are likely to object to an autonomous vehicle operating in bicycle lanes. "It's a bit overconfident for Refraction AI to claim they can operate in bike lanes. They would face a pretty big debate and a long permit process if they tried to operate in Portland," said Jonathan Maus, the publisher and editor-in-chief of Bike Portland. org.
Autonomous delivery systems such as REV-1 do face another issue in how they can take away jobs from people working in the delivery industry. The increase in online orders has also resulted in an increase in the number of people working as last-mile couriers (快递员). The number of people working in the delivery industry jumped from 690,000 to 850,000 from January 2018 to January 2020. This represents a growth of 23 percent, making it the fastest-growing industry in the past two years. For comparison, social assistance, the next fastest-growing industry in terms of jobs, grew by only 9.1 percent in the same time period.
Should automated delivery robots become the norm, even more couriers will likely end up losing their jobs.
12. What does the underlined word "unbolt" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Locate. B. Examine. C. Purchase. D. Open.
13. What advantage does REV-1 have over other self-driving vehicles
A. It operates more safely. B. It can run faster.
C. It can travel farther. D. It's more popular.
14. Which word best describes Jonathan Maus's attitude to REV-1
A. Supportive. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Conservative.
15. What is the author's concern in paragraph 5
A. Online orders causing troubles.
B. Delivery robots replacing couriers.
C. The delivery industry exploding.
D. Couriers' social assistance declining.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Why Gratitude Is Significant As far as I'm concerned, no matter what you're going through, there is always a reason to be thankful. But not only that—being thankful might just be exactly what you need to do if you're going through a tough time. (1)
Researchers found that having a grateful attitude helps strengthen one's immune system, lower blood pressure, improve sleep and motivate people to exercise regularly. (2) Practicing gratitude also has been associated with better quality of life for individuals who struggle with stress, anxiety and depression.
Having gone through a period of depression myself after cancer surgery 10 years ago, I can tell you this illness can be severe. (3) I knew I was in trouble when I couldn't eat or sleep. It took me well over a year to come out of that dark valley.
During that time I sought many forms of treatment for depression, including professional counseling and exercise. One thing recommended to me by a counselor was keeping a gratitude journal. (4) This simple exercise lifts my sight out of the darkness and helps me see the truth around: there are people who love and care for you and there are purposes in life.
(5) In reality, there is no single cure for it. If suffering, you may prefer to seek professional counseling and care. Still, I would encourage you to practice gratitude. Think of a few things you can thank life for. You might be surprised by how significant an effect it can have.
A. It itself carries a host of health benefits.
B. Being grateful accounts for your recovery.
C. Gratitude is good for your mind, body and soul.
D. Depression makes you feel as if you were dead inside.
E. For example, I would sincerely convey my gratitude loudly.
F. Every day, I would set down three things I was thankful for in life.
G. Now I realize depression does not go away by practicing a single exercise.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
After thirty-three years of managing a grocery store in my hometown, I decided to sell my business and retire. How could I retire but still have a feeling of (21) with my community After all, they are the people who (22) my effort when I first opened the business and I wanted to give something back.
Knowing my (23) , a friend told me about a hospice (临终关怀) meeting and asked if I would be interested in becoming a hospice volunteer. I was so (24) ! Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships and begin new ones.
(25) with information from my new training class, I was assigned my first job. With trembling knees, I knocked on the door. Then came the elderly couple who were (26) to tend each other. At first they were a little (27) to let anyone into their lives, but soon they (28) the bunches of roses from my garden. My rose garden was my greatest (29) . A fresh red bunch of Dolly Parton's roses always seemed to (30) their sickroom. My garden of eight to ten bushes, inspired by their (31) , began to grow. Twenty, then forty, then sixty-five bushes, a whole yard of wonderful fragrant roses just waited to be cut and they seemed to know their (32) and outdid themselves with big blooms. The roses began to appear at weddings, tea parties, and on other social (33) in our community—just another way I found to give back. My (34) job continued. When I got a call from the hospice with the words "Someone has asked for you", I was filled with great humanity and was (35) ready to help.
21. A. comparison B. connection C. fascination D. communication
22. A. supported B. made C. recorded D. discovered
23. A. target B. dream C. decision D. dilemma
24. A. amused B. astonished C. excited D. disappointed
25. A. Faced B. Equipped C. Charged D. Occupied
26. A. fearing B. hesitating C. struggling D. promising
27. A. unwilling B. curious C. grateful D. ashamed
28. A. appreciated B. remembered C. exchanged D. afforded
29. A. right B. concern C. reward D. pride
30. A. compete with B. go with C. tidy up D. brighten up
31. A. impression B. treatment C. affection D. comfort
32. A. plan B. change C. purpose D. faith
33. A. cases B. occasions C. backgrounds D. relationships
34. A. last B. personal C. essential D. voluntary
35. A. really B. creatively C. merely D. gradually
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Science fiction is a special type of fiction or story. Humans have long wondered (1) life on another planet might be like. People have also wondered how different kinds of technology might affect life on Earth. Made-up stories that address such questions (2) (call) science fiction. These stories may discuss ideas about (3) (science) facts or real technology. But they also involve a lot of (4) (imagine). For example, a story might describe people (5) (meet) with space aliens for the first time. Many science fiction stories present different possible futures for human society. Science fiction seeks (6) (large) to entertain. However, many science fiction stories also imagine different ways people might act and relate to one another. (7) this way science fiction may help reveal important things about human nature and society. Science fiction did not become a major type of writing until the 1900s. The first rockets (8) (send) into space and rapid advances in technology helped create an interest in this writing. Authors such as Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, and Robert A. Heinlein helped establish the style as (9) form of serious literature.
Science fiction stories have also been the subject of television shows and movies in the 20th and 21st centuries. Popular (10) (example) include the Star Trek television shows and movies and the Star Wars series of movies.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One pleasant New Year morning, Edward rose, washed and dressed himself very quickly. He wanted to be the first to wish everyone a happy New Year. He looked in every room, and shouted the words of welcome. He ran into the street to repeat them to those he might meet. When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.
He left the house with a light heart, intending to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor German family, the father, mother and three children shaking with cold.
"I wish you a happy New Year," said Edward, as he was happily passing by. The man shook his head. "You do not belong to this country " said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak the English language. But he pointed to his mouth, and to the children, as if to say, "These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time." Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in a very difficult situation and required some help. He took out his dollars, and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.
How their eyes sparkled with gratitude! They said something in their language, which doubtless meant, "We thank you a thousand times, and will remember you forever."
When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head for a moment, but quickly looked up. "I have bought no books," he said, "I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry."
Paragraph 1:
"I think I can wait for my books till next New Year," he continued.
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Paragraph 2:
Hearing what his father said and holding the books his father gave him in his arms, Edward felt he was the happiest boy in the world.
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六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假设在2080年照顾老年人成了一个社会问题，所以科学家发明了一种家用机器人。请以“The Robot in the Future”为题写一篇80词左右的英语短文介绍这种机器人。
注意:
1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2.书写规范，语法正确，语句通顺。
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答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了萧伯纳的几部戏剧。
根据Heartbreak House部分中的Set in England during World War I可知，Heartbreak House的创作背景是在一战期间，故选B。
2. 根据Major Barbara部分中的She shows her love for the poor and struggles to help them get rid of poverty…her wealthy father可知，在这部剧中女主角表现出对穷人的爱且努力帮助他们摆脱贫困并对抗军火制造商，故选C。
3. 根据Saint Joan部分中的Shaw felt that this powerful historical drama represented his best work…For a Shavian (萧伯纳的) actress可知，萧伯纳认为Saint Joan是他最好的作品，这部历史剧讲述了Joan of Arc的故事，故选A。
4~7.【答案】A、C、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了17岁的女孩Arora为了保护环境并减少塑料污染发明了类似塑料的材料。
根据第二段中的When asked, the cashier informed...the conventional one（当被问及时，收银员告诉她塑料是如何伤害地球的以及通过收费的方式是为了减少人们对塑料的使用。这启发Arora发明了一种比传统塑料分解得更快的塑料。）可知，一名收银员讲述了塑料的危害以及通过收费的方式来减少人们对塑料的使用，这些话激励了Arora发明比传统塑料分解更快的塑料。故选A。
2. 根据第三段中的One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research（Arora在一次吃晚饭的时候，发现虾壳看起来像塑料，她立马去实验室进行了研究。）故这个时刻是她产生灵感的时刻。故选C。
3. 根据第四段中的this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.（这种塑料在分解的时候可以释放氮气，因此可以作为植物化肥，帮助植物生长。）可知，C项符合文意。故选C。
4. 从全文内容可知，Arora发明了可快速分解的类似塑料的材料，故她是有创造力的；又根据最后一段她对青少年的激励可推知，Arora是鼓舞人心的。故选B。
8~11.【答案】B、A、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文介绍了数字货币让更多贫困社区的人们参与到清理垃圾，保护海洋环境的运动中来。
根据第一段中的It was once a shoreline buried by enough garbage to make it invisible (看不见的), thus, given the unfortunate nickname "toilet bowl".（（它曾经是一个被大量垃圾掩埋的海岸线，因此有了一个不幸的绰号 "抽水马桶"））可知，Manila Bay被称为toilet bowl的原因是被垃圾掩埋。故选B。
2. 根据第二段中的The clean-up started on 27 January, when 5, 000 volunteers descended on Manila Bay to remove over 45 tons of garbage, marking the beginning of a nationwide environmental campaign.（清理工作始于1月27日，当时5000名志愿者突然到来马尼拉湾，清理超过45吨的垃圾，这标志着全国范围的环保运动的开始）可推知，descended on是“到达、抵达”之意。故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的For the most non-bank-using Filipino fishermen, this was a first-ever experience with a digital currency. It's one that proves decisive in enabling poor communities around the world to take up arms in the fight against humanity's waste.（对于大多数非银行用户的菲律宾渔民来说，这是他们第一次使用数字货币。事实证明，数字货币在让世界各地的贫困社区拿起武器清理垃圾方面起了决定性作用）可知，是数字货币让贫困社区的人愿意参与到与垃圾的斗争中来。故选D。
4. 通读全文可知，本文由被戏称为“抽水马桶”的Manila Bay突然变干净这一事件，引入了促使其发生的背后推手数字货币。这种网络虚拟货币让更多贫困社区的人们参与到保护海洋环境，清理海洋垃圾的运动中来。所以A项（在线系统有助于结束海洋污染。）最能概括文意，故选A。
12~15.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一家公司研发的使用自行车道送货的快递机器人，以及它可能带来的争议和影响。
根据第二段中的To make sure that…receive their goods（为了确保货物会交付给正确的人，收件人将收到一个键码，在REV-1的小键盘上输入它，就可以打开货物隔间然后拿到他们的货物。）可知，顾客会收到一个键码，在REV-1的小键盘上输入它，就可以打开货物隔间，并拿到他们的货物，故选D。
2. 根据第三段中的REV-1's short stopping distance, combined with its slow speed, makes it safer than other self-driving vehicles.（REV-1的停车距离短，速度慢，因此比其他自动驾驶汽车更安全。）可知，这个快递机器人比其他自动驾驶工具更安全，故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的It's a bit overconfident for Refraction AI...in Portland可知，Jonathan Maus认为Refraction AI宣称在自行车道使用快递机器人的做法有点自负，他们可能面临很大争议和漫长的许可过程。由此可推知，Jonathan Maus对REV-l持怀疑的态度。故选C。
4. 根据第五段中的Autonomous delivery systems…take away jobs from people working in the delivery industry（像REV-1这样的自动投递系统还面临着另一个问题，那就是它们如何夺走投递行业的工作岗位。）和文章最后一句可知，自动快递系统面临的另一个问题是它可能使快递员失业。故选B。
16~20.【答案】C、A、D、F、G
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文通过研究者的发现和作者自身的故事告诉读者：感恩有益于身心健康。
根据空前的But not only that—being thankful might just be exactly what you need to do if you're going through a tough time.（不仅如此——如果你正在经历一段艰难的时期，感恩也许正是你需要做的。）可知，C项（感恩对你的思想、身体和灵魂有好处）是对空前句的原因说明，C项起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。
2. 本段讲述研究者发现感恩对人们的健康有益。A项中的health benefits是对上文中的…having a grateful attitude helps strengthen one s immune system, lower blood pressure, improve sleep and motivate people to exercise regularly.（研究人员发现，心存感激的态度有助于增强免疫系统、降低血压、改善睡眠，并激励人们定期锻炼。）的总结。故选A。
3. 根据空前句Having gone through…I can tell you this illness can be severe.（10年前，我自己在癌症手术后也经历了一段时间的抑郁，我可以告诉你，这种病可能会很严重。）可知，D项（抑郁会让你觉得你的内心已经死了。）是进一步的说明。故选D。
4. 根据空前句One thing recommended to me by a counselor was keeping a gratitude journal.（一位顾问向我推荐的一件事是写感恩日记。）可知，F项（每天，我都会写下生命中三件让我感激的事情。）是举例说明具体做法。故选F。
5. 根据全文以及本段大意可知，本段既是上一段的总结，也是全文的总结。本空是该段的主题句。G项（现在我意识到抑郁症并不能通过单一的练习就消失。）符合语境。故选G。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、C、B、C、A、A、D、D、C、C、B、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】作者退休后成了一名临终关怀志愿者，给人们送自己种的玫瑰花。
句意：我怎样才能在退休后还能与社区保持联系感呢？comparison对比；connection联系；fascination着迷；communication交流。根据下文中的with my community以及下文作者通过做志愿者来回报社区可知，作者想在退休后仍和社区保持联系。故选B。
2. 句意：毕竟，当我第一次创业时，他们是支持我的人，我想回报他们一些东西。supported支持；made制作；recorded记录；discovered发现。根据下文中的my effort when I first opened the business and I wanted to give something back.可知，作者想回报社区是因为社区的人是支持作者的人。故选A。
3. 句意：知道我的困境，一个朋友告诉我有一个临终养老院会议，问我是否有兴趣成为一名临终关怀志愿者。target目标；dream梦想；decision决定；dilemma困境。作者想在退休后仍和社区保持联系，因此陷入了一种困境（dilemma）。故选D。
4. 句意：我太兴奋了！amused逗乐的；astonished感到十分惊讶的；excited兴奋的；disappointed失望的。根据下文中的Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships and begin new ones.可知，作者对这个机会感到兴奋。故选C。
5. 句意：有了新培训班的资料，我得到了第一份工作。Faced面对；Equipped装备；Charged指控；Occupied占有。根据下文中的with information from my new training class, I was assigned my first job可知，作者通过培训，获得了信息。故选B.
6. 句意：然后是一对互相照顾的老夫妇。fearing害怕；hesitating犹豫；struggling挣扎；promising承诺。根据语境可知，这对老夫妇艰难地互相照顾。故选C。
7. 句意：起初，他们有点不愿意让任何人进入他们的生活，但很快他们就欣赏了我花园里的玫瑰花。unwilling不情愿的；curious好奇的；grateful感激的；ashamed羞愧的。根据下文中的to let anyone into their lives, but soon they (8) the bunches of roses from my garden.可知，他们一开始有点不愿意让任何人进入他们的生活，但是很快他们感谢作者花园里的玫瑰，暗示他们接受了作者的帮助。故选A。
8. 句意同上。appreciated感谢，欣赏；remembered回想起；exchanged交换；afforded买得起。根据At first they were a little (7) to let anyone into their lives, but可知，这对夫妇刚开始不愿意与人接触，但是很快有了转变。故选A。
9. 句意：我的玫瑰花园是我最大的骄傲。right权利；concern关心；reward奖励；pride自豪。根据下文可知，作者的花给社区的人带去了快乐。由此可推知，玫瑰花园是作者最大的骄傲。故选D。
10. 句意：一束鲜红的Dolly Partons玫瑰花似乎总能让他们的病房变得明亮起来。compete with与……竞争；go with伴随……而有；tidy up收拾；brighten up变得明亮起来。根据下文中的their sickroom可知，花朵使病房变得明亮起来。故选D。
11. 句意：我的花园里有八到十株玫瑰，受到他们的喜爱，开始生长起来。impression印象；treatment治疗；affection喜爱；comfort舒服。根据上文中的My garden of eight to ten bushes以及下文中的began to grow可知，花园里的花束因为受到人们的喜爱，开始多了起来。故选C。
12. 句意：20株，40株，65株，一整院子芬芳的玫瑰都在等着被修剪，它们似乎知道自己的目的，开出了硕大的花朵。plan计划；change改变；purpose目的；faith信念。根据下文中的and outdid themselves with big blooms可知，此处将花朵拟人，它们竞相开放，好像清楚自己的目的是给人们带去快乐。故选C。
13. 句意：玫瑰开始出现在我们社区的婚礼、茶会和其他社交场合——只是我找到的另一种回报方式。cases情况；occasions场合；backgrounds背景；relationships关系。根据上文中的The roses began to appear at weddings, tea parties, and on other social可知，婚礼、茶会和其他社交场合都出现了作者的玫瑰。故选B。
14. 句意：我的志愿工作继续着。last最后的；personal个人的；essential基本的；voluntary志愿的。此处呼应上文中的becoming a hospice volunteer，指作者的志愿工作。故选D。
15. 句意：当我接到临终关怀中心的电话说“有人找你”的时候，我充满了人性，确实准备好去帮助别人。really的确；creatively有创造性地；merely仅仅；gradually逐渐地。根据文章的叙述，尤其是I wanted to give something back及Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships和just another way I found to give back可知，作者确实准备好帮助别人。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
what
【小题2】
are called
【小题3】
scientific
【小题4】
imagination
【小题5】
meeting
【小题6】
largely
【小题7】
In
【小题8】
sent
【小题9】
a
【小题10】
examples
【解析】1. 分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，故填what。
2. 此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时，且Made-up stories与call之间是动宾关系，应用被动时态。故填are called。
3. 此处作定语，修饰facts，应用形容词。故填scientific。
4. 分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作宾语，提示词imagine的名词形式为imagination“想象”，不可数名词。故填imagination。
5. 分析句子，people与meet之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动名词形式与people构成动名词的复合结构，作describe的宾语。故填meeting。
6. 分析句子，此处应用副词修饰动词seeks作状语。故填largely。
7. in this way意为“通过这种方式”，为固定用法。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填In。
8. 分析句子，句子有谓语，此处是非谓语，The first rockets与send之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词的-ed形式作定语。故填sent。
9. 此处表示泛指，且form的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10. 根据谓语动词include可知，此处应用名词复数。故填examples。
37.【答案】 I think I can wait for my books till next New Year," he continued. His father looked at him with a blank look. He explained that it was a German family that was badly in need of help. They even didn't have enough clothes to wear. Edward's explanation made his father understand what had happened and he expressed that he couldn't agree more with him. In order to recognize the work Edward did, his father bought the books, saying, "Never can we turn a blind eye to those in need. What you have done will make a happy New Year."
Hearing what his father said and holding the books his father gave him in his arms, Edward felt he was the happiest boy in the world. He felt the sweetness of helping others. A few days later, Edward met the family again, and they still thanked him a thousand times. It seemed the city was bathed in brilliant sunshine because of Edward's feelings. Additionally, he knows that help means under any circumstances we all can give a hand to people in a dilemma. Maybe bare words would be enough for them.
【解析】略
38.【答案】The Robot in the Future As you know, with the development of the economy, people have to face various pressure. ①They don't have enough time to attend to the old in their family, which has become a social problem.
②To solve this problem, scientists have invented a household robot, which is designed to take care of the old. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany the old in having a chat, playing chess and doing exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. ③For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call for help immediately.
【解析】【思路点拨】
题目要求写一份短文介绍这种机器人。写作内容应该扣题，不可偏离题意。所列提示要写全面，正确运用时态与语态，根据题目提示可知，本文应该用第三人称，时态为一般现在时。适当运用一些高级词汇和句型使文章更丰富。
【亮点词汇】
①with the development of the economy随着经济的发展
②attend to照顾
③be designed to do被设计做某事
④at a fixed time在固定时间
【高分句型】
①They don't have enough time to attend to the old in their family, which has become a social problem.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
②To solve this problem, scientists have invented a household robot, which is designed to take care of the old.（不定式作目的状语；which引导的非限制性定语从句）
③For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call for help immediately.（if引导的条件状语从句）
【结构布局】
引言：引出社会问题
中心：介绍机器人的功能
结尾：介绍机器人可以呼救帮助
【拓展词汇】
①play an increasingly important part in在……中起越来越重要的作用
②make good use of充分利用
③be addicted to doing sth.沉溺于做某事
【拓展句型】
①It remains a question how we can solve the problems concerning making friends online.（如何解决网上交友所产生的问题依然是个难题。）
②While/Though/Although a mobile phone can help us get relaxed, without it we can be more devoted to our studies.（尽管手机能帮我们放松，但没有手机我们更能专心学习。）
③Mobile payment is the most popular in China, which has made people's daily life more and more convenient.（移动支付在中国最受欢迎，已经使得人们的日常生活越来越方便。）
第2页，共18页
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Many consider George Bernard Shaw's body of work to be second only to Shakespeare's. Shaw possesses a deep love of language, high comedy, and social consciousness and this is evident in some of his best plays.
Pygmalion
Thanks to its musical adaptation (My Fair Lady), Shaw's Pygmalion has become the playwright's most famous comedy. It illustrates the comical clash (滑稽的冲突) between two different worlds. The upper-class Henry Higgins attempts to transform lower-class girl Eliza Doolittle into a refined lady. As Eliza begins to change, Henry realizes that he has become rather attached to his "pet project". But they don't end up as a couple.
Heartbreak House
In Heartbreak House, Shaw was influenced by Anton Chekhov, a Russian novelist, and populated the play with humorous characters in sad situations. Set in England during World War I, the play centers on Ellie Dunn, a young woman who visits a leisurely household filled with idle (无所事事的) men and women. In this play, Shaw demonstrates how much the society lacks purposes.
Major Barbara
The story concerns an idealistic young woman Barbara Undershaft. She shows her love for the poor and struggles to help them get rid of poverty and fights against armament manufacturers such as her wealthy father. Much of this play is a discussion between two differing ideas. Shaw called it "the conflict between real life and the romantic imagination".
Saint Joan
Shaw felt that this powerful historical drama represented his best work. The play tells the famous story of Joan of Arc. Shaw created many strong female roles throughout his career. With Saint Joan, Shaw reached the height of his fame as a dramatist. For a Shavian (萧伯纳的) actress, Saint Joan is perhaps the greatest and most rewarding challenge presented by the Irish playwright.
1. What can we know about Heartbreak House
A. It is Shaw's most famous play.
B. It is set at the backdrop of a war.
C. It shows the success of a woman.
D. It is adapted by Anton Chekhov.
2. Which play tells the heroine's efforts to help poor people
A. Pygmalion. B. Saint Joan.
C. Major Barbara. D. Heartbreak House.
3. Who is the leading character in the work judged to be the best by Shaw
A. Joan of Arc. B. Ellie Dunn.
C. Barbara Undershaft. D. Eliza Doolittle.
B
From the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, plastic continues to pollute the environment, and it creates a significant threat to all life forms on Earth. Despite knowing the effects of plastic pollution, we have not been able to ban the use of plastic products. Now, thanks to the invention of a 17-year-old girl, Arora, we finally have a better choice. This plastic-like material is made from prawn (大虾) shells, and it breaks down 1.5 million times faster than most of the commercial plastic products we use today.
The Australian teen first became aware of the impact of plastic waste on the environment when shopping with her mother. She wondered why her mother had to pay for the plastic bags. When asked, the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it. This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one.
But the journey of inventing "eco-friendly plastic" was not easy. She experimented with a number of organic materials such as cornflour and banana peels, both of which had to be ruled out because of their solubility (溶解性). One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research. Later, she would describe that dinner as her eureka (顿悟) moment.
She extracted the material called "chitin" from the shells and then mixed it with an insoluble protein called "fibroin", which is found in silk cocoons. Using the combination of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that breaks down completely within just 33 days. Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.
Arora's invention has caused a stir, and she has won a number of awards. As an inspiring young woman, Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people to follow their passion and make a positive difference however they can.
4. What inspired Arora to create a kind of special plastic
A. A cashier's words about paid plastic bags.
B. Her determination to protect the prawns.
C. A class about plastic's impact on the planet.
D. Her plan to save money on plastic products.
5. What could be a eureka moment
A. A moment of needing reflection.
B. A moment of finding the truth.
C. A moment of having sudden inspiration.
D. A moment of enjoying the celebration.
6. What can be known about the new plastic in paragraph 4
A. It is made from non-organic materials.
B. It can break down totally in a month.
C. It can be used to help plants to grow.
D. It is extracted from an insoluble protein.
7. Which of the following can best describe Arora
A. Brave and clever. B. Creative and inspiring.
C. Active and considerate. D. Humorous and friendly.
C
It was once a shoreline buried by enough garbage to make it invisible (看不见的), thus, given the unfortunate nickname "toilet bowl". Now the Philippines' Manila Bay beach is totally different, compared with a few months ago. It happened so suddenly and extremely that it brought tears to the eyes of the local people.
The clean-up started on 27 January, when 5, 000 volunteers descended on Manila Bay to remove over 45 tons of garbage, marking the beginning of a nationwide environmental campaign. But some two months before this great movement began, a quiet revolution was already underway.
During the first week of December 2018, Brooklyn-based Bounties Network collected three tons of garbage from Manila Bay over two days through a project that paid a small group of people, mostly fishermen, with a digital currency based on the Ethereum (以太坊) system.
For the most non-bank-using Filipino fishermen, this was a first-ever experience with a digital currency. It's one that proves decisive in enabling poor communities around the world to take up arms in the fight against humanity's waste. There are signs that this recycling-for-digital-payment industry may be just about to take off. Earlier in September 2018, Plastic Bank, a Vancouver-based company powered by IBM technology, also started a similar project. They set up a project in Naga, a town in southern Luzon, the country's largest island, building a collection point to let people exchange plastic and recyclable materials for digital payouts through a system.
That both these pioneers have chosen the Philippines as their first location is not surprising considering the country's contribution to ocean waste. A study in The Wall Street Journal in 2015 revealed that the Philippines make the third-largest amount of plastic waste into global oceans.
8. Why did people call Manila Bay "toilet bowl"
A. It looked like a huge bowl.
B. It was covered by rubbish.
C. It was characterized by special toilets.
D. It functioned as a waste treatment plant.
9. What does the underlined phrase "descended on" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Suddenly arrived at. B. Completely depended on.
C. Occasionally looked around. D. Gradually disappeared from.
10. What made poor communities willing to fight against waste
A. The benefits to their homeland.
B. The desire to make a difference.
C. The chance to escape ocean pollution.
D. The experience with digital money.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. An Online System Helps End Ocean Pollution
B. Filipinos Contribute to Ocean Protection
C. Plastic Bank Is Powerful in Recycling Ocean Waste
D. Digital Revolution Pushes the Reuse of Plastic Waste
D
Bicycle riders may soon find themselves sharing bike lanes with autonomous delivery robots. Robotic company Refraction AI recently revealed plans for a delivery robot REV-1 that can use bicycle lanes.
REV-1 weighs only about 100 pounds and can hold up to 16 cubic feet of cargo (货物). To make sure that its cargo gets delivered to the correct person, recipients will receive a key code that they will have to enter on a keypad on the REV-1 to unbolt its cargo compartment (隔间) and receive their goods.
REV-1 comes equipped with 12 cameras alongside radars and sensors that keep it aware of the environment. Refraction AI says that these systems are much cheaper than the laser-based light detection systems that have become popular in similar autonomous systems. In addition, REV-1's short stopping distance, combined with its slow speed, makes it safer than other self-driving vehicles.
Despite Refraction AI's safety claims, members of the bicycle community remain skeptical and many are likely to object to an autonomous vehicle operating in bicycle lanes. "It's a bit overconfident for Refraction AI to claim they can operate in bike lanes. They would face a pretty big debate and a long permit process if they tried to operate in Portland," said Jonathan Maus, the publisher and editor-in-chief of Bike Portland. org.
Autonomous delivery systems such as REV-1 do face another issue in how they can take away jobs from people working in the delivery industry. The increase in online orders has also resulted in an increase in the number of people working as last-mile couriers (快递员). The number of people working in the delivery industry jumped from 690,000 to 850,000 from January 2018 to January 2020. This represents a growth of 23 percent, making it the fastest-growing industry in the past two years. For comparison, social assistance, the next fastest-growing industry in terms of jobs, grew by only 9.1 percent in the same time period.
Should automated delivery robots become the norm, even more couriers will likely end up losing their jobs.
12. What does the underlined word "unbolt" in paragraph 2 mean
A. Locate. B. Examine. C. Purchase. D. Open.
13. What advantage does REV-1 have over other self-driving vehicles
A. It operates more safely. B. It can run faster.
C. It can travel farther. D. It's more popular.
14. Which word best describes Jonathan Maus's attitude to REV-1
A. Supportive. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Conservative.
15. What is the author's concern in paragraph 5
A. Online orders causing troubles.
B. Delivery robots replacing couriers.
C. The delivery industry exploding.
D. Couriers' social assistance declining.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Why Gratitude Is Significant As far as I'm concerned, no matter what you're going through, there is always a reason to be thankful. But not only that—being thankful might just be exactly what you need to do if you're going through a tough time. (1)
Researchers found that having a grateful attitude helps strengthen one's immune system, lower blood pressure, improve sleep and motivate people to exercise regularly. (2) Practicing gratitude also has been associated with better quality of life for individuals who struggle with stress, anxiety and depression.
Having gone through a period of depression myself after cancer surgery 10 years ago, I can tell you this illness can be severe. (3) I knew I was in trouble when I couldn't eat or sleep. It took me well over a year to come out of that dark valley.
During that time I sought many forms of treatment for depression, including professional counseling and exercise. One thing recommended to me by a counselor was keeping a gratitude journal. (4) This simple exercise lifts my sight out of the darkness and helps me see the truth around: there are people who love and care for you and there are purposes in life.
(5) In reality, there is no single cure for it. If suffering, you may prefer to seek professional counseling and care. Still, I would encourage you to practice gratitude. Think of a few things you can thank life for. You might be surprised by how significant an effect it can have.
A. It itself carries a host of health benefits.
B. Being grateful accounts for your recovery.
C. Gratitude is good for your mind, body and soul.
D. Depression makes you feel as if you were dead inside.
E. For example, I would sincerely convey my gratitude loudly.
F. Every day, I would set down three things I was thankful for in life.
G. Now I realize depression does not go away by practicing a single exercise.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
After thirty-three years of managing a grocery store in my hometown, I decided to sell my business and retire. How could I retire but still have a feeling of (21) with my community After all, they are the people who (22) my effort when I first opened the business and I wanted to give something back.
Knowing my (23) , a friend told me about a hospice (临终关怀) meeting and asked if I would be interested in becoming a hospice volunteer. I was so (24) ! Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships and begin new ones.
(25) with information from my new training class, I was assigned my first job. With trembling knees, I knocked on the door. Then came the elderly couple who were (26) to tend each other. At first they were a little (27) to let anyone into their lives, but soon they (28) the bunches of roses from my garden. My rose garden was my greatest (29) . A fresh red bunch of Dolly Parton's roses always seemed to (30) their sickroom. My garden of eight to ten bushes, inspired by their (31) , began to grow. Twenty, then forty, then sixty-five bushes, a whole yard of wonderful fragrant roses just waited to be cut and they seemed to know their (32) and outdid themselves with big blooms. The roses began to appear at weddings, tea parties, and on other social (33) in our community—just another way I found to give back. My (34) job continued. When I got a call from the hospice with the words "Someone has asked for you", I was filled with great humanity and was (35) ready to help.
21. A. comparison B. connection C. fascination D. communication
22. A. supported B. made C. recorded D. discovered
23. A. target B. dream C. decision D. dilemma
24. A. amused B. astonished C. excited D. disappointed
25. A. Faced B. Equipped C. Charged D. Occupied
26. A. fearing B. hesitating C. struggling D. promising
27. A. unwilling B. curious C. grateful D. ashamed
28. A. appreciated B. remembered C. exchanged D. afforded
29. A. right B. concern C. reward D. pride
30. A. compete with B. go with C. tidy up D. brighten up
31. A. impression B. treatment C. affection D. comfort
32. A. plan B. change C. purpose D. faith
33. A. cases B. occasions C. backgrounds D. relationships
34. A. last B. personal C. essential D. voluntary
35. A. really B. creatively C. merely D. gradually
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Science fiction is a special type of fiction or story. Humans have long wondered (1) life on another planet might be like. People have also wondered how different kinds of technology might affect life on Earth. Made-up stories that address such questions (2) (call) science fiction. These stories may discuss ideas about (3) (science) facts or real technology. But they also involve a lot of (4) (imagine). For example, a story might describe people (5) (meet) with space aliens for the first time. Many science fiction stories present different possible futures for human society. Science fiction seeks (6) (large) to entertain. However, many science fiction stories also imagine different ways people might act and relate to one another. (7) this way science fiction may help reveal important things about human nature and society. Science fiction did not become a major type of writing until the 1900s. The first rockets (8) (send) into space and rapid advances in technology helped create an interest in this writing. Authors such as Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, and Robert A. Heinlein helped establish the style as (9) form of serious literature.
Science fiction stories have also been the subject of television shows and movies in the 20th and 21st centuries. Popular (10) (example) include the Star Trek television shows and movies and the Star Wars series of movies.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
37. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One pleasant New Year morning, Edward rose, washed and dressed himself very quickly. He wanted to be the first to wish everyone a happy New Year. He looked in every room, and shouted the words of welcome. He ran into the street to repeat them to those he might meet. When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.
He left the house with a light heart, intending to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor German family, the father, mother and three children shaking with cold.
"I wish you a happy New Year," said Edward, as he was happily passing by. The man shook his head. "You do not belong to this country " said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak the English language. But he pointed to his mouth, and to the children, as if to say, "These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time." Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in a very difficult situation and required some help. He took out his dollars, and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.
How their eyes sparkled with gratitude! They said something in their language, which doubtless meant, "We thank you a thousand times, and will remember you forever."
When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head for a moment, but quickly looked up. "I have bought no books," he said, "I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry."
Paragraph 1:
"I think I can wait for my books till next New Year," he continued.
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Paragraph 2:
Hearing what his father said and holding the books his father gave him in his arms, Edward felt he was the happiest boy in the world.
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六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 假设在2080年照顾老年人成了一个社会问题，所以科学家发明了一种家用机器人。请以“The Robot in the Future”为题写一篇80词左右的英语短文介绍这种机器人。
注意:
1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2.书写规范，语法正确，语句通顺。
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答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了萧伯纳的几部戏剧。
根据Heartbreak House部分中的Set in England during World War I可知，Heartbreak House的创作背景是在一战期间，故选B。
2. 根据Major Barbara部分中的She shows her love for the poor and struggles to help them get rid of poverty…her wealthy father可知，在这部剧中女主角表现出对穷人的爱且努力帮助他们摆脱贫困并对抗军火制造商，故选C。
3. 根据Saint Joan部分中的Shaw felt that this powerful historical drama represented his best work…For a Shavian (萧伯纳的) actress可知，萧伯纳认为Saint Joan是他最好的作品，这部历史剧讲述了Joan of Arc的故事，故选A。
4~7.【答案】A、C、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了17岁的女孩Arora为了保护环境并减少塑料污染发明了类似塑料的材料。
根据第二段中的When asked, the cashier informed...the conventional one（当被问及时，收银员告诉她塑料是如何伤害地球的以及通过收费的方式是为了减少人们对塑料的使用。这启发Arora发明了一种比传统塑料分解得更快的塑料。）可知，一名收银员讲述了塑料的危害以及通过收费的方式来减少人们对塑料的使用，这些话激励了Arora发明比传统塑料分解更快的塑料。故选A。
2. 根据第三段中的One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research（Arora在一次吃晚饭的时候，发现虾壳看起来像塑料，她立马去实验室进行了研究。）故这个时刻是她产生灵感的时刻。故选C。
3. 根据第四段中的this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.（这种塑料在分解的时候可以释放氮气，因此可以作为植物化肥，帮助植物生长。）可知，C项符合文意。故选C。
4. 从全文内容可知，Arora发明了可快速分解的类似塑料的材料，故她是有创造力的；又根据最后一段她对青少年的激励可推知，Arora是鼓舞人心的。故选B。
8~11.【答案】B、A、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文介绍了数字货币让更多贫困社区的人们参与到清理垃圾，保护海洋环境的运动中来。
根据第一段中的It was once a shoreline buried by enough garbage to make it invisible (看不见的), thus, given the unfortunate nickname "toilet bowl".（（它曾经是一个被大量垃圾掩埋的海岸线，因此有了一个不幸的绰号 "抽水马桶"））可知，Manila Bay被称为toilet bowl的原因是被垃圾掩埋。故选B。
2. 根据第二段中的The clean-up started on 27 January, when 5, 000 volunteers descended on Manila Bay to remove over 45 tons of garbage, marking the beginning of a nationwide environmental campaign.（清理工作始于1月27日，当时5000名志愿者突然到来马尼拉湾，清理超过45吨的垃圾，这标志着全国范围的环保运动的开始）可推知，descended on是“到达、抵达”之意。故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的For the most non-bank-using Filipino fishermen, this was a first-ever experience with a digital currency. It's one that proves decisive in enabling poor communities around the world to take up arms in the fight against humanity's waste.（对于大多数非银行用户的菲律宾渔民来说，这是他们第一次使用数字货币。事实证明，数字货币在让世界各地的贫困社区拿起武器清理垃圾方面起了决定性作用）可知，是数字货币让贫困社区的人愿意参与到与垃圾的斗争中来。故选D。
4. 通读全文可知，本文由被戏称为“抽水马桶”的Manila Bay突然变干净这一事件，引入了促使其发生的背后推手数字货币。这种网络虚拟货币让更多贫困社区的人们参与到保护海洋环境，清理海洋垃圾的运动中来。所以A项（在线系统有助于结束海洋污染。）最能概括文意，故选A。
12~15.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一家公司研发的使用自行车道送货的快递机器人，以及它可能带来的争议和影响。
根据第二段中的To make sure that…receive their goods（为了确保货物会交付给正确的人，收件人将收到一个键码，在REV-1的小键盘上输入它，就可以打开货物隔间然后拿到他们的货物。）可知，顾客会收到一个键码，在REV-1的小键盘上输入它，就可以打开货物隔间，并拿到他们的货物，故选D。
2. 根据第三段中的REV-1's short stopping distance, combined with its slow speed, makes it safer than other self-driving vehicles.（REV-1的停车距离短，速度慢，因此比其他自动驾驶汽车更安全。）可知，这个快递机器人比其他自动驾驶工具更安全，故选A。
3. 根据第四段中的It's a bit overconfident for Refraction AI...in Portland可知，Jonathan Maus认为Refraction AI宣称在自行车道使用快递机器人的做法有点自负，他们可能面临很大争议和漫长的许可过程。由此可推知，Jonathan Maus对REV-l持怀疑的态度。故选C。
4. 根据第五段中的Autonomous delivery systems…take away jobs from people working in the delivery industry（像REV-1这样的自动投递系统还面临着另一个问题，那就是它们如何夺走投递行业的工作岗位。）和文章最后一句可知，自动快递系统面临的另一个问题是它可能使快递员失业。故选B。
16~20.【答案】C、A、D、F、G
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文通过研究者的发现和作者自身的故事告诉读者：感恩有益于身心健康。
根据空前的But not only that—being thankful might just be exactly what you need to do if you're going through a tough time.（不仅如此——如果你正在经历一段艰难的时期，感恩也许正是你需要做的。）可知，C项（感恩对你的思想、身体和灵魂有好处）是对空前句的原因说明，C项起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。
2. 本段讲述研究者发现感恩对人们的健康有益。A项中的health benefits是对上文中的…having a grateful attitude helps strengthen one s immune system, lower blood pressure, improve sleep and motivate people to exercise regularly.（研究人员发现，心存感激的态度有助于增强免疫系统、降低血压、改善睡眠，并激励人们定期锻炼。）的总结。故选A。
3. 根据空前句Having gone through…I can tell you this illness can be severe.（10年前，我自己在癌症手术后也经历了一段时间的抑郁，我可以告诉你，这种病可能会很严重。）可知，D项（抑郁会让你觉得你的内心已经死了。）是进一步的说明。故选D。
4. 根据空前句One thing recommended to me by a counselor was keeping a gratitude journal.（一位顾问向我推荐的一件事是写感恩日记。）可知，F项（每天，我都会写下生命中三件让我感激的事情。）是举例说明具体做法。故选F。
5. 根据全文以及本段大意可知，本段既是上一段的总结，也是全文的总结。本空是该段的主题句。G项（现在我意识到抑郁症并不能通过单一的练习就消失。）符合语境。故选G。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、C、B、C、A、A、D、D、C、C、B、D、A
【解析】1. 【文章大意】作者退休后成了一名临终关怀志愿者，给人们送自己种的玫瑰花。
句意：我怎样才能在退休后还能与社区保持联系感呢？comparison对比；connection联系；fascination着迷；communication交流。根据下文中的with my community以及下文作者通过做志愿者来回报社区可知，作者想在退休后仍和社区保持联系。故选B。
2. 句意：毕竟，当我第一次创业时，他们是支持我的人，我想回报他们一些东西。supported支持；made制作；recorded记录；discovered发现。根据下文中的my effort when I first opened the business and I wanted to give something back.可知，作者想回报社区是因为社区的人是支持作者的人。故选A。
3. 句意：知道我的困境，一个朋友告诉我有一个临终养老院会议，问我是否有兴趣成为一名临终关怀志愿者。target目标；dream梦想；decision决定；dilemma困境。作者想在退休后仍和社区保持联系，因此陷入了一种困境（dilemma）。故选D。
4. 句意：我太兴奋了！amused逗乐的；astonished感到十分惊讶的；excited兴奋的；disappointed失望的。根据下文中的Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships and begin new ones.可知，作者对这个机会感到兴奋。故选C。
5. 句意：有了新培训班的资料，我得到了第一份工作。Faced面对；Equipped装备；Charged指控；Occupied占有。根据下文中的with information from my new training class, I was assigned my first job可知，作者通过培训，获得了信息。故选B.
6. 句意：然后是一对互相照顾的老夫妇。fearing害怕；hesitating犹豫；struggling挣扎；promising承诺。根据语境可知，这对老夫妇艰难地互相照顾。故选C。
7. 句意：起初，他们有点不愿意让任何人进入他们的生活，但很快他们就欣赏了我花园里的玫瑰花。unwilling不情愿的；curious好奇的；grateful感激的；ashamed羞愧的。根据下文中的to let anyone into their lives, but soon they (8) the bunches of roses from my garden.可知，他们一开始有点不愿意让任何人进入他们的生活，但是很快他们感谢作者花园里的玫瑰，暗示他们接受了作者的帮助。故选A。
8. 句意同上。appreciated感谢，欣赏；remembered回想起；exchanged交换；afforded买得起。根据At first they were a little (7) to let anyone into their lives, but可知，这对夫妇刚开始不愿意与人接触，但是很快有了转变。故选A。
9. 句意：我的玫瑰花园是我最大的骄傲。right权利；concern关心；reward奖励；pride自豪。根据下文可知，作者的花给社区的人带去了快乐。由此可推知，玫瑰花园是作者最大的骄傲。故选D。
10. 句意：一束鲜红的Dolly Partons玫瑰花似乎总能让他们的病房变得明亮起来。compete with与……竞争；go with伴随……而有；tidy up收拾；brighten up变得明亮起来。根据下文中的their sickroom可知，花朵使病房变得明亮起来。故选D。
11. 句意：我的花园里有八到十株玫瑰，受到他们的喜爱，开始生长起来。impression印象；treatment治疗；affection喜爱；comfort舒服。根据上文中的My garden of eight to ten bushes以及下文中的began to grow可知，花园里的花束因为受到人们的喜爱，开始多了起来。故选C。
12. 句意：20株，40株，65株，一整院子芬芳的玫瑰都在等着被修剪，它们似乎知道自己的目的，开出了硕大的花朵。plan计划；change改变；purpose目的；faith信念。根据下文中的and outdid themselves with big blooms可知，此处将花朵拟人，它们竞相开放，好像清楚自己的目的是给人们带去快乐。故选C。
13. 句意：玫瑰开始出现在我们社区的婚礼、茶会和其他社交场合——只是我找到的另一种回报方式。cases情况；occasions场合；backgrounds背景；relationships关系。根据上文中的The roses began to appear at weddings, tea parties, and on other social可知，婚礼、茶会和其他社交场合都出现了作者的玫瑰。故选B。
14. 句意：我的志愿工作继续着。last最后的；personal个人的；essential基本的；voluntary志愿的。此处呼应上文中的becoming a hospice volunteer，指作者的志愿工作。故选D。
15. 句意：当我接到临终关怀中心的电话说“有人找你”的时候，我充满了人性，确实准备好去帮助别人。really的确；creatively有创造性地；merely仅仅；gradually逐渐地。根据文章的叙述，尤其是I wanted to give something back及Here was my opportunity to serve my community, give back to it, maintain friendships和just another way I found to give back可知，作者确实准备好帮助别人。故选A。
36.【答案】【小题1】
what
【小题2】
are called
【小题3】
scientific
【小题4】
imagination
【小题5】
meeting
【小题6】
largely
【小题7】
In
【小题8】
sent
【小题9】
a
【小题10】
examples
【解析】1. 分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示“什么”，故填what。
2. 此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时，且Made-up stories与call之间是动宾关系，应用被动时态。故填are called。
3. 此处作定语，修饰facts，应用形容词。故填scientific。
4. 分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作宾语，提示词imagine的名词形式为imagination“想象”，不可数名词。故填imagination。
5. 分析句子，people与meet之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动名词形式与people构成动名词的复合结构，作describe的宾语。故填meeting。
6. 分析句子，此处应用副词修饰动词seeks作状语。故填largely。
7. in this way意为“通过这种方式”，为固定用法。句首单词的首字母需大写。故填In。
8. 分析句子，句子有谓语，此处是非谓语，The first rockets与send之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词的-ed形式作定语。故填sent。
9. 此处表示泛指，且form的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10. 根据谓语动词include可知，此处应用名词复数。故填examples。
37.【答案】 I think I can wait for my books till next New Year," he continued. His father looked at him with a blank look. He explained that it was a German family that was badly in need of help. They even didn't have enough clothes to wear. Edward's explanation made his father understand what had happened and he expressed that he couldn't agree more with him. In order to recognize the work Edward did, his father bought the books, saying, "Never can we turn a blind eye to those in need. What you have done will make a happy New Year."
Hearing what his father said and holding the books his father gave him in his arms, Edward felt he was the happiest boy in the world. He felt the sweetness of helping others. A few days later, Edward met the family again, and they still thanked him a thousand times. It seemed the city was bathed in brilliant sunshine because of Edward's feelings. Additionally, he knows that help means under any circumstances we all can give a hand to people in a dilemma. Maybe bare words would be enough for them.
【解析】略
38.【答案】The Robot in the Future As you know, with the development of the economy, people have to face various pressure. ①They don't have enough time to attend to the old in their family, which has become a social problem.
②To solve this problem, scientists have invented a household robot, which is designed to take care of the old. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany the old in having a chat, playing chess and doing exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. ③For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call for help immediately.
【解析】【思路点拨】
题目要求写一份短文介绍这种机器人。写作内容应该扣题，不可偏离题意。所列提示要写全面，正确运用时态与语态，根据题目提示可知，本文应该用第三人称，时态为一般现在时。适当运用一些高级词汇和句型使文章更丰富。
【亮点词汇】
①with the development of the economy随着经济的发展
②attend to照顾
③be designed to do被设计做某事
④at a fixed time在固定时间
【高分句型】
①They don't have enough time to attend to the old in their family, which has become a social problem.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
②To solve this problem, scientists have invented a household robot, which is designed to take care of the old.（不定式作目的状语；which引导的非限制性定语从句）
③For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call for help immediately.（if引导的条件状语从句）
【结构布局】
引言：引出社会问题
中心：介绍机器人的功能
结尾：介绍机器人可以呼救帮助
【拓展词汇】
①play an increasingly important part in在……中起越来越重要的作用
②make good use of充分利用
③be addicted to doing sth.沉溺于做某事
【拓展句型】
①It remains a question how we can solve the problems concerning making friends online.（如何解决网上交友所产生的问题依然是个难题。）
②While/Though/Although a mobile phone can help us get relaxed, without it we can be more devoted to our studies.（尽管手机能帮我们放松，但没有手机我们更能专心学习。）
③Mobile payment is the most popular in China, which has made people's daily life more and more convenient.（移动支付在中国最受欢迎，已经使得人们的日常生活越来越方便。）
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