中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
上教版必修一综合复习分层练B（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers and extra-curricular activities 1． (prefer) by others, such as organizing debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for advanced courses out of 2． (curious). Actually, some teenagers feel confused in their youth, and their behaviors are sometimes confusing. They think there is a generation gap between 3． (they) and adults, so experts are trying to find a suitable solution.
Johnson, 4． outgoing freshman, is so attracted to Chinese literature that he 5． (quit) his studies in Chicago and come to China. Obviously, with the help of his teacher, his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese 6． campus now. As 7． (schedule), he will graduate next year. 8． he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese Literature and he is fascinated with Tang poetry. The topic of his research content is "the differences between Eastern and Western literature". An editor that acts 9． (responsible) has recommended him 10． (read) some classical Chinese literature first. The recommendation means a lot to him.
【答案】1．are preferred；2．curiosity；3．themselves；4．an；5．has quit；6．on；7．scheduled；8．What；9．responsibly；10．to read
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，以约翰逊为例讲述了一些青少年所面临的机遇与挑战。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，名词，代词，冠词，介词，非谓语动词，主语从句，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1．句意：一些青少年喜欢做志愿工作，而另一些人则喜欢课外活动，比如组织辩论、学习文学、跳芭蕾舞和打扫温室。此处是谓语动词，主语与动词之间为被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态；此处描述的是一件事实，因此需要使用一般现在时，主语为复数。故填are preferred。
2．句意：但更多的人是出于好奇而报名参加高级课程的。此处名词作介词宾语，curiosity“好奇”，不可数。故填curiosity。
3．句意：他们认为他们和成年人之间有代沟，所以专家们正在试图找到一个合适的解决办法。分析句子结构可知此处需要填入代词，结合句意宾语和主语所指相同，因此宾语需要使用反身代词。故填themselves。
4．句意：约翰逊是一名性格开朗的大一新生，他对中国文学非常感兴趣，以至于放弃了在芝加哥的学业来到中国。分析句子结构可知此处位于可数名词freshman前，因此需要不定冠词，且outgoing发音为元音音素开头。故填an。
5．句意：约翰逊是一名性格开朗的大一新生，他对中国文学非常感兴趣，以至于放弃了在芝加哥的学业来到中国。根据后句“他来到中国”可知，他已将放弃了在芝加哥的学业，表示过去动作对现在的影响，需要使用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has quit。
6．句意：显然，在老师的帮助下，他的中文有了很大的进步，现在他可以在校园里说流利的中文了。on campus固定短语，“校园里”，故填on。
7．句意：按计划，他将于明年毕业。根据句意可知，此处表示“按照计划，他明年会毕业”，as scheduled固定短语，“按照计划”，故填scheduled。
8．句意：他所专注的是中国古代文学，他对唐诗着迷。 he is concentrating on 是主语从句，从句中缺少介词on的宾语；空格处描述事情，因此用what。故填What。
9．句意：一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词，因此需要使用副词。故填responsibly。
10．句意：一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。为recommend sb to do sth.固定短语，“推荐某人做某事”，故填to read。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
Choose the proper words to complete the following sentences. Each choice can be used only once. Note that there is one more choice than you need.
A. items B. universal C. excess D. characteristic E. determinedF. confirmed G. random H. annoyance l. supplied J. empathy K. immoral
11．Whether we will take on more employees is by the budget of next year.
12．A(n) of house plants in a small apartment can create an oppressive atmosphere.
13．Here is a list of mentality which I believe is absolutely essential to becoming a successful organizational leader.
14．The survey used a(n) sample of 20, 000 people ranging in age from 18- 55 across the coastal regions of the country.
15．In British museums, visitors can expect a visual feast of many historical from various ancient civilizations.
16．One reason for the enduring popularity of Shakespeare's works is that his plays have a (n) appeal.
17．This joint statement has that the two countries will form a genuine partnership to battle against starvation.
18．For animal rights activists, there is no doubt that testing medicine on animals should be viewed as a(n) practice.
19．At the beginning of each semester, the students are with a list of books that they are expected to finish reading before specified dates.
20．Lower levels of may contribute to conflict in social interactions and therefore brings about experiences of negative emotions.
【答案】11．E
12．C
13．D
14．G
15．A
16．B
17．F
18．K
19．I
20．J
【解析】【分析】A. items 名词，“物品，物件”；B. universal 形容词，“普遍的”；C. excess 名词，“超出的部分，多余的数额”；D. characteristic名词，“性格，特点”； E. determined动词，“决定”；F. confirmed 动词，“证实”；G. random形容词，“任意的” ；H. annoyance 名词，“恼怒，气恼”；l. supplied动词，“供应”； J. empathy 名词，“同感，共鸣”；K. immoral形容词，“道德败坏的”。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
11．句意：我们是否会雇佣更多的员工取决于明年的预算。determined动词，“决定”，根据句意与助动词is，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填E。
12．句意：小公寓里过多的室内植物会造成压抑的气氛。 excess 名词，“超出的部分，多余的数额”，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填C。
13．句意：这里列出了我认为成为一名成功的组织领导者绝对必要的心态特征。characteristic名词，“性格，特点”，此处作介词宾语，故填D。
14．句意：这项调查使用了全国沿海地区2万名年龄在18-55岁之间的人的项目样本。random形容词，“任意的”，此处修饰名词 sample ，故填G。
15．句意：在英国的博物馆里，游客可以期待一场来自各种古代文明的历史文物的视觉盛宴。items 名词，“物品，物件”，此处名词作介词宾语，many后接名词复数，故填items。
16．句意：莎士比亚作品经久不衰的一个原因是他的戏剧具有普遍的吸引力。 universal 形容词，“普遍的”，此处修饰名词 appeal ，作定语，故填B。
17．句意：这份联合声明证实，两国将结成真正的伙伴关系，与饥饿作斗争。 confirmed 动词，“证实”，与空前的has，构成现在完成时，故填F。
18．句意：对于动物权利活动家来说，毫无疑问，在动物身上测试药物应该被视为一种不道德的做法。immoral形容词，“道德败坏的”，此处修饰名词practice ，作定语，故填K。
19．句意：每学期开始时，学生们都会收到一份书单，希望他们在指定日期前读完。supplied动词，“供应”，此处是谓语动词，结合句意和助动词are，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 I。
20．句意：较低水平的同理心可能会导致社会互动中的冲突，从而带来负面情绪的体验。 empathy 名词，“同感，共鸣”，此处作介词宾语，故填J。
三、翻译
21．这个年轻的女士看起来好像要说点什么。
（1）The young woman seems as if say something. (虚拟语气)
（2）The young woman seems as if say something. (状语从句的省略)
【答案】（1）she；were；to
（2）to
【解析】【分析】（1）as if 可以位于系动词 look, seem, feel, sound, smell等后引导表语从句，从句常使用虚拟语气，形式是：1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设，谓语动词应使用一般过去时；2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”；3. 表示与将来事实相反的假设，谓语动词用“动词过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形”。根据句意可知，表示与将来事实相反的假设，谓语动词用“动词过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形”。故填she were to。
（2）方式状语从句中也经常出现省略现象，由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句经常会用省略形式，省略与主句相同的主语，以及be动词。所以此处省略了she were，故填to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及as if引导的状语从句的考查。
（1）as if 可以位于系动词 look, seem, feel, sound, smell等后引导表语从句，从句常使用虚拟语气，形式是：1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设，谓语动词应使用一般过去时；2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”；3. 表示与将来事实相反的假设，谓语动词用“动词过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形”。
（2）方式状语从句中也经常出现省略现象，由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句经常会用省略形式。
22．从那不幸的人的语气里可以感受到他对自身的悲哀心知肚明，她没有勇气回答。
There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man she had not the strength to utter a syllable.
【答案】so；significant；an；awareness；of；his；sadness；that
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，空处表示“他对自身的悲哀心知肚明”，涉及到固定搭配so+形容词+an+可数名词单数+that...的用法，表示“他自身的悲哀”可用hissadness，表示“心知肚明”应用significantawareness of，结合句型可知，应为sosignificantanawarenessof hissadnessthat。故填sosignificantanawarenessof hissadnessthat。
【点评】考查汉译英，主要涉及so...that句型的考查。
23．后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母院外喧哗的人群中救下了她。
When Esmeralda for a crime she did not commit, Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside the Notre-Dame Cathedral.
【答案】is；later；sentenced；to；death
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，空处表示“后来被判死刑”，应填islatersentencedtodeath，其中be sentenced to为固定结构，表示“被判处……”，根据主句谓语动词rescues可知，when引导的时间状语从句也应为一般现在时，且谓语动词be要与主语Esmeralda保持一致，用单数is。故填is later sentenced to death。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及固定结构be sentenced to的用法。
24．你忘了，有天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。
You have forgotten an unfortunate person you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished.
【答案】who；attempted；to；kidnap
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，空处表示“想绑架你的”，作定语修饰先行词person，所以应填who attemptedtokidnap，其中who代替先行词person，在从句中作主语。故填who attemptedtokidnap。
【点评】考查汉译英，主要涉及限制性定语从句的用法考查。
25．当我把自己同你比较时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊！
When I you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am!
【答案】compare；myself；to
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，空处表示“同你比较”，其中“与……比较”为动词固定搭配compare...to，所以应翻译为comparemyselfto，when表示当……时，动作同时发生，根据feel，可知compare也用原形，故填comparemyselfto。
【点评】考查汉译英。主要涉及动词compare的用法搭配。
26．但他表现出那样的忧郁与那样的温顺，她渐渐地适应了。
Yet there was much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this .
【答案】so；that；she；gradually；adjusted；to；it
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，第一空表示“那样的”结合并列结构so much gentleness可知，空处应填so；剩下空处表示“她渐渐地适应了”应翻译为that shegraduallyadjustedtoit，本句描述过去事实，应用一般过去时，adjust to为动词短语搭配，表示“适应”，so...that为固定句型，表示“如此……以至于”。故填so；that shegraduallyadjustedtoit。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及so...that句型的考查。
27．他的鼓励消除了男孩的紧张感。
His encouragement the boy's nervousness yesterday.
【答案】broke down
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 消除 ” ，应用动词短语break down ,此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 yesterday ，可知应用一般过去时，故答案为： broke down 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时以及固定短语break down。
28． (致力于) community activities, he was praised by the people around.
【答案】Devoted to
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 致力于 ” ，应用固定短语be devoted to，此处形容词作状语，故答案为： Devoted to 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及形容词作状语以及固定短语be devoted to。
29．我必须向你道歉，因为我没有及时回信。
I must to you for not replying to your letter on time.
【答案】apologize
【解析】【分析】根据中英文提示可知缺少"因……向某人道歉"，apologize to sb. for sth.固定短语，must是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填apologize 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及动词短语apologize to sb. for sth.。
30．你必须承诺按时完成任务。
You must to finishing the task on time.
【答案】commit；yourself
【解析】【分析】对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为"承诺做某事"，是固定短语commit oneself to，主语是you，反身代词用yourself，must是情态动词，其后动词用原形，因此空格处是commit yourself 。故填commit； yourself 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语commit oneself to。
四、完形填空
I've had a string of bad luck lately. Last week my washing machine broke. I planned to fix it myself but soon 31． the repairs would cost more than a new one would. Then this week the 32． thing happened to my daughter's washing machine! This time I 33． called a friend to help. Once again, however, it was broken beyond 34． . I ended up having to 35． two. While both the new machines got delivered quickly, I still 36． about what I was going through in my heart.
The moment I did, my 37． traveled back to when I was a child, I saw my grandma 38． an old-fashioned washing machine with my jeans and shirts. It didn't have a spin dryer (甩干机) inside so she had to put each item through a pair of rollers to 39． the water. When the washing was done, she'd often pat the machine 40． . She had grown up hand-washing clothes and was 41． for the machine that did so much of the work for her.
Remembering this helped me realize that I was looking at things in the 42． way. I was getting 43． in the inconveniences of modern life instead of being thankful for all I have. The good old days had their share of 44． and joys. And so do the good new days. What 45． is how we live them and what we can learn from them.
31．A．regretted B．remembered C．denied D．appreciated
32．A．usual B．same C．funny D．amazing
33．A．even B．still C．ever D．already
34．A．recognition B．control C．repair D．compare
35．A．sell B．order C．return D．fix
36．A．lied B．cared C．complained D．argued
37．A．memory B．dream C．doubt D．fear
38．A．covering B．decorating C．loading D．equipping
39．A．purify B．remove C．hold D．absorb
40．A．firmly B．hurriedly C．wildly D．lovingly
41．A．grateful B．eager C．sorry D．responsible
42．A．ideal B．proper C．wrong D．traditional
43．A．carried away B．caught up C．turned down D．taken over
44．A．purposes B．duties C．excuses D．struggles
45．A．matters B．remains C．works D．happens
【答案】31．D；32．B；33．A；34．C；35．B；36．C；37．A；38．C；39．B；40．D；41．A；42．C；43．B；44．D；45．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过讲述自己的经历，告诉我们，要对所拥有的一切心存感激，且重要的是我们如何生活，以及我们能从中学到什么。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
31．句意：我本打算自己修，但很快就明白了修理比买一个新的要贵。A. regretted“遗憾”；B. remembered“记得”；C. denied“否认”；D. appreciated“明白”。根据空后“the repairs would cost more than a new one would”修理比买一个新的要贵得多，可知，此处指作者很快明白了这个道理。故选D。
32．句意：然后这周同样的事情发生在我女儿的洗衣机上！A. usual“通常的”；B. same“相同的”；C. funny“有趣的”；D. amazing“令人惊讶的”。根据空后“my daughter's washing machine”我女儿的洗衣机，可知，此处指同样的事情发生在女儿的洗衣机上。故选B。
33．句意：这次我甚至叫了一个朋友来帮忙。A. even“甚至”；B. still“仍旧”；C. ever“曾经”；D. already“已经”。根据空后“called a friend to help”叫朋友来帮忙，可知，此处用程度副词even表示“甚至”符合语境。故选A。
34．句意：然而，它又一次坏得无法修理。A. recognition“承认”；B. control“控制”；C. repair“修理”；D. compare“比较”。根据空前的“beyond“”可知，此处用repair，构成固定短语beyond repair“无法修理”，故选C。
35．句意：最后我不得不预定了两个。A. sell“卖”；B. order“预订”；C. return“归还”；D. fix“修理”。根据上文可知，洗衣机坏得无法修理，所以不得不预定两个新洗衣机。故选B。
36．句意：虽然两台新机器都很快交付，但我仍然在抱怨我内心所经历的一切。A. lied“平躺”；B. cared“照料”；C. complained“抱怨”；D. argued“争论”。根据空后“what I was going through in my heart”我心里所经历的一切，可知，此处指抱怨所经历的一切。故选C。
37．句意：当我这样做的时候，我的记忆回到了我小时候，我看到奶奶把我的牛仔裤和衬衫装进一台老式洗衣机里。A. memory“记忆”；B. dream“梦想”；C. doubt“怀疑”；D. fear“恐惧”。根据空后的“traveled back”可知，此处指记忆回到了小时候。故选A。
38．句意：当我这样做的时候，我的记忆回到了我小时候，我看到奶奶把我的牛仔裤和衬衫装进一台老式洗衣机里。A. covering“覆盖”；B. decorating“装饰”；C. loading“装进”；D. equipping“装备”。根据空后“jeans and shirts”可知，此处指把牛仔裤和衬衫装进洗衣机。故选C。
39．句意：里面没有烘干机，所以她必须把每件东西通过一对滚轮来去除水分。A. purify“净化”；B. remove“除去”；C. hold“抓住”；D. absorb“吸收”。根据空后“the water”可知，此处指用一对滚轮烘干衣服，即除去水分。故选B。
40．句意：洗完衣服后，她经常亲切地拍拍洗衣机。A. firmly“牢固地”；B. hurriedly“匆忙地”；C. wildly“野生地”；D. lovingly“亲切地”。根据下文“She had grown up hand-washing clothes”她是手洗衣服长大的，可知，奶奶对洗衣机应该是很爱护的，所以此处指亲切地拍拍洗衣机。故选D。
41．句意：她从小就手洗衣服，很感激这台洗衣机为她做了这么多工作。A. grateful“感激的”；B. eager“渴望的”；C. sorry“抱歉的”；D. responsible“负责的”。根据空后“the machine that did so much of the work for her”那台替她干了很多活的机器，可知，洗衣机干了很多活儿，所以此处指奶奶很感激这台洗衣机。故选A。
42．句意：记住这一点，我意识到我看待问题的方式是错误的。A. ideal“理想的”；B. proper“合适的”；C. wrong“错误的”；D. traditional“传统的”。根据下文“instead of being thankful for”而不是感激，可知，此处指以一种错误的方式看待问题。故选C。
43．句意：我被现代生活的种种不便所困，而没有对我所拥有的一切心存感激。A. carried away“带走”；B. caught up“困住”；C. turned down“拒绝”；D. taken over“接管”。catch up in固定短语“被困在”种种不便中。故选B。
44．句意：过去的美好时光有艰难，也有欢乐。A. purposes“目的”；B. duties“职责”；C. excuses“借口”；D. struggles“斗争”。根据上文可知，作者对小时候的回忆可知，过去的时光中有艰难也有快乐。故选D。
45．句意：重要的是我们如何生活，以及我们能从中学到什么。A. matters“要紧，有关系”；B. remains“留下”；C. works“起作用”；D. happens“发生”。根据空后“how we live”我们如何生活，可知，此处指重要的是我们如何生活。故选A。
五、阅读理解
A
阅读理解
From homeless to Harvard…it's an unlikely turn of events. Liz Murray's life is a triumph over adversity, and a stunning example of the importance of Dreaming Big. Murray's upbringing in the Bronx, as the child of cocaine-addicted parents, was filled with severe challenges. There was never enough food in the house, the apartment was filthy and drugs were everywhere.
By age 16, Murray's mom had died and she was homeless--sleeping in parks, riding the subway all night, and living as a high school dropout on the streets of New York City. Amidst this pain, Murray always imagined her life could be much better than it was. "I knew I had to change my circumstances for the better, and that no one could do that for me. But, I quickly found that I also could not do it alone. I had to take responsibility first, and then I had to find help-a community of caring people to help me get there." Determined to change her life, Murray finished high school in just two years, and with the help of dedicated mentors and teachers, she was awarded a full scholarship to Harvard University-all while camping out in New York City parks and subway stations.
Her story sounds like a Hollywood movie-and it practically is. Lifetime Television produced a movie about Murray's life story entitled Homeless to Harvard, which was nominated for three "Emmy Awards". Murray is the recipient of the White House "Project's Role Model Award" and Oprah Winfrey's first-ever "Chutzpah Award". Her memoir, Breaking Night, landed on the New York Times best seller list within1 a week of its release and it quickly became an international bestseller published in twelve countries, in eight languages.
Murray graduated from Harvard University in 2009. She holds a Master's degree in the Psychology of Education from Columbia University. Today, she is the co-founder and Executive Director of a Bronx-based youth mentoring organization called "The Arthur Project," named in honor of her first mentor. Murray is passionate about partnering with youth so that they may realize their potential, as she is driven by the belief that "it's not success if it doesn't create opportunities for other people."
46．What can we know about Liz Murray in the first paragraph
A．She is the child of alcohol-addicted parents.
B．Liz Murray's life is full of stunning dreams.
C．Liz Murray's life is a victory over misfortune.
D．Liz Murray is brought up in Bronx filled with few challenges.
47．What inspired Murray to finish high school in just two years
A．Her pursuit of a better career.
B．Her determination to change her life.
C．His teachers' encouragement.
D．The proposal of the family members.
48．What is Murray's answer to her belief in life
A．To win a reputation.
B．To study psychology.
C．To help others realize their potential.
D．To change circumstances for the better.
49．Which quality might have helped Murray a lot in her life
A．Self-discipline. B．Sensitivity.
C．Integrity. D．Pessimism.
【答案】46．C
47．B
48．C
49．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Murray 如何通过自己的努力从无家可归到考入哈佛大学，最终取得成功的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
46．考查推理判断。根据第一段“From homeless to Harvard…it's an unlikely turn of events. Liz Murray's life is a triumph over adversity, and a stunning example of the importance of Dreaming Big. Murray's upbringing in the Bronx, as the child of cocaine-addicted parents, was filled with severe challenges. There was never enough food in the house, the apartment was filthy and drugs were everywhere.”从无家可归者到哈佛……这是一个不太可能的转折。Liz Murray的一生是战胜逆境的胜利，也是“梦想远大”重要性的一个惊人例子。Murray作为可卡因成瘾父母的孩子，在布朗克斯的成长经历充满了严峻的挑战。房子里从来没有足够的食物，公寓很脏，到处都是毒品。可推知Liz Murray的生活是战胜不幸的胜利。故选C。
47．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ Determined to change her life, Murray finished high school in just two years, and with the help of dedicated mentors and teachers, she was awarded a full scholarship to Harvard University-all while camping out in New York City parks and subway stations.”Murray决心改变自己的生活，在短短两年内完成了高中学业，在敬业的导师和老师的帮助下，她获得了哈佛大学的全额奖学金，同时在纽约市的公园和地铁站露营。故选B。
48．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ Murray is passionate about partnering with youth so that they may realize their potential ” Murray热衷于与年轻人合作，让他们发挥自己的潜力，故选C。
49．考查推理判断。根据 Murray 的人生经历，要从无家可归到考上哈佛，她靠着自己的努力一步一步走向成功，故选A。
B
阅读理解
In the 1990s and 2000s, Costa Rica and Panama experienced a rise in malaria (疟疾) cases. The massive loss of amphibians (两栖动物) in the region from a fungal (真菌的) disease may have contributed to the malaria increase.
The spread of the fungal disease was a slow-motion disaster, leading to a decades-long wave of amphibian declines globally. From the 1980s to the 2000s, the wave moved from northwest to southeast across Costa Rica and Panama. An analysis of ecological surveys, public health records and satellite data suggests a link between the amphibian die-offs and an increase in human malaria cases.
On average, each county had 0. 8 to 1.1 additional cases of malaria per 1, 000 people per year for about six years, beginning several years after the amphibian losses, Michael Springborn, an environmental economist of the University of California, Davis, and colleagues found.
Springborn and colleagues wondered if the impacts that the fungal disease has on the decline of at leas.500 species globally stretched to humans. The team turned to Costa Rica and Panama, where the fungus moved through ecosystems in a somewhat uniform way along the narrow area of land on which the two countries sit, Springborn says. The researchers worked out when the fungus arrived at a given place and then looked at the number of malaria cases in those places before and after the die-offs. Malaria cases rose in the first couple of years after the decline and remained high for six years or so before going down again for unknown reasons.
Studies on the connections between biodiversity loss and health might "help motivate conservation by highlighting the direct benefits of conservation to human well-being," says Hillary Young, a community ecologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. "Humans are causing wildlife to be lost at a rate similar to that of other major mass extinction events," she says. "We are increasingly aware that these losses can have major impacts on human health and well-being and, in particular, on risk of infectious disease.
50．What directly brought about the rise in malaria cases
A．The extinction of fungus. B．The death of amphibians.
C．The spread of a fungal disease. D．The lack of wildlife conservation.
51．What can we infer from Springborn and colleagues' findings
A．The number of amphibians dropped dramatically.
B．The fungus has little impact on human well-being.
C．The county's population multiplied after the amphibian decline.
D．Malaria cases show relevant changes when amphibians became fewer.
52．How did the scientists carry out the research
A．By studying the features of the fungus.
B．By comparing the number of malaria cases
C．By finding out the track of fungus' movement.
D．By working out the reason for the amphibian die-offs.
53．What might be the best title for the text
A．What has relationship with human health
B．What causes the major mass extinction event
C．Why humans should keep wildlife at a distance
D．How human well-being is closely connected with wildlife
【答案】50．B
51．D
52．B
53．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了两栖动物的死亡是导致疟疾增长的重要原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
50．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The massive loss of amphibians (两栖动物) in the region from a fungal (真菌的) disease may have contributed to the malaria increase.” 该地区两栖动物因真菌疾病而大量死亡，可能是导致疟疾病例增加的原因之一。可知是由于两栖动物的大量死亡导致疟疾的增长。故选B。
51．考查推理判断。根据第三段 “On average, each county had 0.8 to 1.1 additional cases of malaria per 1,000 people per year for about six years, beginning several years after the amphibian losses, Michael Springborn, an environmental economist of the University of California, Davis, and colleagues found.” 加州大学戴维斯分校(University of California, Davis)的环境经济学家迈克尔·斯普林伯恩(Michael Springborn)及其同事发现，在两栖动物消失几年后，平均而言，每个县每1000人每年增加0.8到1.1例疟疾病例，持续了大约6年。可推测出当两栖动物变少时，疟疾病例显示出相关的变化。故选D。
52．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The researchers worked out when the fungus arrived at a given place and then looked at the number of malaria cases in those places before and after the die-offs.”研究人员计算出了这种真菌何时到达一个特定的地方，然后观察了这些地方在真菌死亡前后的疟疾病例数量。可推断出，科学家是通过对比前后疟疾病例的数量来判断的。故选B。
53．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Studies on the connections between biodiversity loss and health might ‘help motivate conservation by highlighting the direct benefits of conservation to human well-being,’ says Hillary Young, a community ecologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. ‘Humans are causing wildlife to be lost at a rate similar to that of other major mass extinction events,’ she says. ‘We are increasingly aware that these losses can have major impacts on human health and well-being- and, in particular, on risk of infectious disease.’”加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的社区生态学家希拉里·杨(Hillary Young)说，对生物多样性丧失与健康之间联系的研究可能“通过强调保护对人类福祉的直接好处，有助于促进保护”。她说:“人类造成野生动物灭绝的速度与其他重大物种灭绝事件相似。”“我们越来越意识到，这些损失可能对人类健康和福祉产生重大影响，特别是对传染病的风险。”可推知人的生命健康与野生生物是息息相关的。故选D。
C
阅读理解
Governments should stop the use of biofuels (生物燃料) and lift bans on genetic modification (转基因) of crops, a green campaigning group has urged, in the face of a growing global food crisis that threatens the developing nations.
The EU, the US and the UK are among countries that use biofuels compulsorily, usually mixed with petrol fuels, for road vehicles. But many of the biofuels used come from food crops, including wheat, maize and so on. The World Food Programme has warned that the rising prices of these food, which have been driven by a combination of the Covid pandemic, climate breakdown and the war in Ukraine, is generating a food crisis around the world.
In the UK, the renewable transport Fuel Obligation requires about 10% of the. fuels supplied by fossil fuel companies to be "sustainable", which in effect means biofuels. However, the amount that can come from food crops is at 4% at most, and will be reduced further to 2% in 2032. A UK government spokesperson said: "biofuels, and other renewable fuels, will continue to play an important part in helping to decarbonize transport and meet our climate goals. However, to help address the global food price crisis, we continue to promote waste-derived biofuels and are reducing the percentage of crop based biofuels that count towards supplier targets. "
RePlanet says that although the original reason for biofuels was as. a lower carbon alternative to fossil fuels, in fact, owing to the impact on food, the fertilizer and energy used to produce the grains and oils and the land converted to agriculture to produce biofuels, there is little carbon saving over fossil fuels. RePlanet also argues that rich countries should eat less meat to free up grain , and that prohibitions on the genetic modification of crops (GMF) should be lifted to achieve higher yields. If Europe doesn't look at finding evidence-based solutions, the outcome will be worse for the world's poor, for the climate and for nature conservation.
54．Which is not one of the factors contributing to a food crisis around the world
A．The Covid pandemic. B．The war in Ukraine.
C．Climate breakdown. D．Genetic modification of crops
55．What can you infer from paragraph 3
A．We use too many biofuels.
B．We use too many other renewable fuels.
C．We use too many fossil fuels.
D．We use too many waste-derived biofuels.
56．What does the underlined word "converted" in the last paragraph mean
A．Managed. B．Composed. C．Transformed D．Constructed.
57．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Global food crisis is on the way.
B．Stopping biofuels and lifting bans on GMF.
C．Finding evidence-based solutions.
D．Global food crisis threatens us.
【答案】54．D
55．A
56．C
57．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生物燃料的使用对全球粮食危机的影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查
54．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The World Food Programme has warned that the rising prices of these food, which have been driven by a combination of the Covid pandemic, climate breakdown and the war in Ukraine, is generating a food crisis around the world.”世界粮食计划署警告说，这些食品的价格上涨，是由新冠肺炎疫情、气候崩溃和乌克兰战争共同推动的，正在世界各地引发粮食危机。可知作物的基因改造不是导致全球粮食危机的因素之一，故选D。
55．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“In the UK, the renewable transport Fuel Obligation requires about 10% of the. fuels supplied by fossil fuel companies to be "sustainable", which in effect means biofuels. ”在英国，可再生运输燃料义务要求约10%的。化石燃料公司提供的燃料是“可持续的”，这实际上意味着生物燃料；以及“However, to help address the global food price crisis, we continue to promote waste-derived biofuels and are reducing the percentage of crop based biofuels that count towards supplier targets. ”然而，为了帮助解决全球粮食价格危机，我们继续推广废物衍生的生物燃料，并正在降低计入供应商目标的作物生物燃料的百分比。可推断现在使用了太多生物燃料，故选A。
56．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“RePlanet says that although the original reason for biofuels was as. a lower carbon alternative to fossil fuels, in fact, owing to the impact on food, the fertilizer and energy used to produce the grains and oils and the land converted to agriculture to produce biofuels, there is little carbon saving over fossil fuels. ”RePlanet表示，尽管生物燃料最初的原因是作为化石燃料的低碳替代品，但事实上，由于对粮食、用于生产谷物和石油的化肥和能源以及用于生产生物燃料的土地的影响，与化石燃料相比，几乎没有碳节约。the land converted to agriculture意为“被转化为农业”，可推知converted是“转化”之意，故选C。
57．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Governments should stop the use of biofuels (生物燃料) and lift bans on genetic modification (转基因) of crops, a green campaigning group has urged, in the face of a growing global food crisis that threatens the developing nations.”面对威胁发展中国家的日益严重的全球粮食危机，一个绿色运动组织敦促各国政府停止使用生物燃料，取消对作物基因改造的禁令。可知本文的主旨是全球粮食危机威胁着我们，故选D。
D
阅读理解
A good movie, like a seed, can take root in people's hearts, grow out of people's thoughts! Without saying much, now I recommend 2 super burning dream movies to you. In the interleaving of light and shadow, feel the ups and downs of life, get the feeling of life, have a good heart, start 2023!
The Pursuit of Happiness
Will Smith stars in this moving tale inspired by the true story of Chris Gardner, a San Francisco salesman struggling to build a future for himself and his 5-year-old son Christopher. When his girlfriend Linda walks out, Chris is left to raise Christopher on his own. Chris' determination finally pays off when he lands an unpaid internship in1 a brutally (残暴的) competitive stockbroker-training program, where only one in twenty interns will make the cut. But without a salary, Chris and his son are evicted from their apartment and are forced to sleep on the streets, in homeless shelters and even behind the locked doors of a metro station bathroom. With self-confidence and the love and trust of his son, Chris Gardner rises above his obstacles (障碍) to become a Wall Street legend (传奇).
UP
Retired balloon salesman Carl Fredricksen is ready for his last chance at high-flying excitement. Tying thousands of balloons to his house, Carl sets off to the lost world of his childhood dreams. Unbeknownst to (瞒着) Carl, an overeager 8-year-old Wilderness Explorer Russell is on Carl's front porch! The world's most unlikely duo (搭档) meet fantastic friends like Dug, a dog with a special collar that allows him to speak, and Kevin, a rare 13-foot tall flightless bird. Stuck together in the wilds of the jungle, Carl realizes that sometimes life's biggest adventures aren't the ones you set out looking for.
58．Which category does the passage most likely fall in
A．Comics. B．Fairy tale.
C．Science fiction. D．Entertainment newspaper.
59．Who plays the leading role of The Pursuit of Happiness
A．Linda. B．Christopher
C．Will Smith. D．Chris Gardner.
60．How many human characters Up contains
A．Two. B．Four. C．Three. D．One.
【答案】58．D
59．C
60．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了电影对人内心的影响，并介绍了两部新上映的电影。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
58．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ now I recommend 2 super burning dream movies to you. ”现在我向你推荐两部超级燃梦电影。可知本文介绍了两部电影，故选D。
59．考查细节理解。根据 The Pursuit of Happiness 部分中的“ Will Smith stars in this moving tale”Smith stars主演了这个感人的故事，可知这部电影主演的Will Smith，故选C。
60．考查细节理解。根据 UP 部分中的“ Retired balloon salesman Carl Fredricksen is ready for his last chance at high-flying excitement. ”退休的气球推销员Carl Fredricksen已经准备好迎接他最后一次高空飞行的机会；以及“ Unbeknownst to (瞒着) Carl, an overeager 8-year-old Wilderness Explorer Russell is on Carl's front porch!”卡尔不知道，一个8岁的荒野探险家拉塞尔在卡尔的前廊上！可知，人类角色有Carl 和Wilderness，故选A。
六、书面表达
．假如你是高中生李华，你校上周举行了冬季运动会。现《英语周报》向你约稿，请根据以下提示写一篇关于本次运动会的报道。内容要点如下：
1）时间，地点；
2）内容；
3）意义。
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】 Last week, the Winter Sports Meeting, organized by our school, was held in our school's track and field ground, lasting three days. It enjoyed a huge success.
In the grand opening ceremony, every class dressing up paraded through the platform, featuring its favourite theme. In the next event competition, athletes did what they could to fight for the glory of their own class, while others cheered for players in full cry. What's worth mentioning was the club performances in the evening, where students showed their brilliant talent and gift, displaying the charm of contemporary school students.
It was through the activity that we strengthen our sense of unity and improved our fitness. In a word, we benefited a lot from it.
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 高中生 李华的身份 写一篇关于运动会的报道 。写作背景： 你校上周举行了冬季运动会。现《英语周报》向你约稿 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）时间，地点；2）内容；3）意义。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Last week, the Winter Sports Meeting, organized by our school, was held in our school's track and field ground, lasting three days. 运用了被动语态；In the grand opening ceremony, every class dressing up paraded through the platform, featuring its favourite theme.运用了现在分词作状语； In the next event competition, athletes did what they could to fight for the glory of their own class, while others cheered for players in full cry. 运用了宾语从句，对比并列句；What's worth mentioning was the club performances in the evening, where students showed their brilliant talent and gift, displaying the charm of contemporary school students.运用了主语从句，非限制性定语从句；It was through the activity that we strengthen our sense of unity and improved our fitness.运用了强调句。
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上教版必修一综合复习分层练B（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers and extra-curricular activities 1． (prefer) by others, such as organizing debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for advanced courses out of 2． (curious). Actually, some teenagers feel confused in their youth, and their behaviors are sometimes confusing. They think there is a generation gap between 3． (they) and adults, so experts are trying to find a suitable solution.
Johnson, 4． outgoing freshman, is so attracted to Chinese literature that he 5． (quit) his studies in Chicago and come to China. Obviously, with the help of his teacher, his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese 6． campus now. As 7． (schedule), he will graduate next year. 8． he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese Literature and he is fascinated with Tang poetry. The topic of his research content is "the differences between Eastern and Western literature". An editor that acts 9． (responsible) has recommended him 10． (read) some classical Chinese literature first. The recommendation means a lot to him.
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
Choose the proper words to complete the following sentences. Each choice can be used only once. Note that there is one more choice than you need.
A. items B. universal C. excess D. characteristic E. determinedF. confirmed G. random H. annoyance l. supplied J. empathy K. immoral
11．Whether we will take on more employees is by the budget of next year.
12．A(n) of house plants in a small apartment can create an oppressive atmosphere.
13．Here is a list of mentality which I believe is absolutely essential to becoming a successful organizational leader.
14．The survey used a(n) sample of 20, 000 people ranging in age from 18- 55 across the coastal regions of the country.
15．In British museums, visitors can expect a visual feast of many historical from various ancient civilizations.
16．One reason for the enduring popularity of Shakespeare's works is that his plays have a (n) appeal.
17．This joint statement has that the two countries will form a genuine partnership to battle against starvation.
18．For animal rights activists, there is no doubt that testing medicine on animals should be viewed as a(n) practice.
19．At the beginning of each semester, the students are with a list of books that they are expected to finish reading before specified dates.
20．Lower levels of may contribute to conflict in social interactions and therefore brings about experiences of negative emotions.
三、翻译
21．这个年轻的女士看起来好像要说点什么。
（1）The young woman seems as if say something. (虚拟语气)
（2）The young woman seems as if say something. (状语从句的省略)
23．后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母院外喧哗的人群中救下了她。
When Esmeralda for a crime she did not commit, Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside the Notre-Dame Cathedral.
24．你忘了，有天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。
You have forgotten an unfortunate person you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished.
25．当我把自己同你比较时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊！
When I you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am!
26．但他表现出那样的忧郁与那样的温顺，她渐渐地适应了。
Yet there was much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this .
27．他的鼓励消除了男孩的紧张感。
His encouragement the boy's nervousness yesterday.
28． (致力于) community activities, he was praised by the people around.
29．我必须向你道歉，因为我没有及时回信。
I must to you for not replying to your letter on time.
30．你必须承诺按时完成任务。
You must to finishing the task on time.
四、完形填空
I've had a string of bad luck lately. Last week my washing machine broke. I planned to fix it myself but soon 31． the repairs would cost more than a new one would. Then this week the 32． thing happened to my daughter's washing machine! This time I 33． called a friend to help. Once again, however, it was broken beyond 34． . I ended up having to 35． two. While both the new machines got delivered quickly, I still 36． about what I was going through in my heart.
The moment I did, my 37． traveled back to when I was a child, I saw my grandma 38． an old-fashioned washing machine with my jeans and shirts. It didn't have a spin dryer (甩干机) inside so she had to put each item through a pair of rollers to 39． the water. When the washing was done, she'd often pat the machine 40． . She had grown up hand-washing clothes and was 41． for the machine that did so much of the work for her.
Remembering this helped me realize that I was looking at things in the 42． way. I was getting 43． in the inconveniences of modern life instead of being thankful for all I have. The good old days had their share of 44． and joys. And so do the good new days. What 45． is how we live them and what we can learn from them.
31．A．regretted B．remembered C．denied D．appreciated
32．A．usual B．same C．funny D．amazing
33．A．even B．still C．ever D．already
34．A．recognition B．control C．repair D．compare
35．A．sell B．order C．return D．fix
36．A．lied B．cared C．complained D．argued
37．A．memory B．dream C．doubt D．fear
38．A．covering B．decorating C．loading D．equipping
39．A．purify B．remove C．hold D．absorb
40．A．firmly B．hurriedly C．wildly D．lovingly
41．A．grateful B．eager C．sorry D．responsible
42．A．ideal B．proper C．wrong D．traditional
43．A．carried away B．caught up C．turned down D．taken over
44．A．purposes B．duties C．excuses D．struggles
45．A．matters B．remains C．works D．happens
五、阅读理解
A
阅读理解
From homeless to Harvard…it's an unlikely turn of events. Liz Murray's life is a triumph over adversity, and a stunning example of the importance of Dreaming Big. Murray's upbringing in the Bronx, as the child of cocaine-addicted parents, was filled with severe challenges. There was never enough food in the house, the apartment was filthy and drugs were everywhere.
By age 16, Murray's mom had died and she was homeless--sleeping in parks, riding the subway all night, and living as a high school dropout on the streets of New York City. Amidst this pain, Murray always imagined her life could be much better than it was. "I knew I had to change my circumstances for the better, and that no one could do that for me. But, I quickly found that I also could not do it alone. I had to take responsibility first, and then I had to find help-a community of caring people to help me get there." Determined to change her life, Murray finished high school in just two years, and with the help of dedicated mentors and teachers, she was awarded a full scholarship to Harvard University-all while camping out in New York City parks and subway stations.
Her story sounds like a Hollywood movie-and it practically is. Lifetime Television produced a movie about Murray's life story entitled Homeless to Harvard, which was nominated for three "Emmy Awards". Murray is the recipient of the White House "Project's Role Model Award" and Oprah Winfrey's first-ever "Chutzpah Award". Her memoir, Breaking Night, landed on the New York Times best seller list within1 a week of its release and it quickly became an international bestseller published in twelve countries, in eight languages.
Murray graduated from Harvard University in 2009. She holds a Master's degree in the Psychology of Education from Columbia University. Today, she is the co-founder and Executive Director of a Bronx-based youth mentoring organization called "The Arthur Project," named in honor of her first mentor. Murray is passionate about partnering with youth so that they may realize their potential, as she is driven by the belief that "it's not success if it doesn't create opportunities for other people."
46．What can we know about Liz Murray in the first paragraph
A．She is the child of alcohol-addicted parents.
B．Liz Murray's life is full of stunning dreams.
C．Liz Murray's life is a victory over misfortune.
D．Liz Murray is brought up in Bronx filled with few challenges.
47．What inspired Murray to finish high school in just two years
A．Her pursuit of a better career.
B．Her determination to change her life.
C．His teachers' encouragement.
D．The proposal of the family members.
48．What is Murray's answer to her belief in life
A．To win a reputation.
B．To study psychology.
C．To help others realize their potential.
D．To change circumstances for the better.
49．Which quality might have helped Murray a lot in her life
A．Self-discipline. B．Sensitivity.
C．Integrity. D．Pessimism.
B
阅读理解
In the 1990s and 2000s, Costa Rica and Panama experienced a rise in malaria (疟疾) cases. The massive loss of amphibians (两栖动物) in the region from a fungal (真菌的) disease may have contributed to the malaria increase.
The spread of the fungal disease was a slow-motion disaster, leading to a decades-long wave of amphibian declines globally. From the 1980s to the 2000s, the wave moved from northwest to southeast across Costa Rica and Panama. An analysis of ecological surveys, public health records and satellite data suggests a link between the amphibian die-offs and an increase in human malaria cases.
On average, each county had 0. 8 to 1.1 additional cases of malaria per 1, 000 people per year for about six years, beginning several years after the amphibian losses, Michael Springborn, an environmental economist of the University of California, Davis, and colleagues found.
Springborn and colleagues wondered if the impacts that the fungal disease has on the decline of at leas.500 species globally stretched to humans. The team turned to Costa Rica and Panama, where the fungus moved through ecosystems in a somewhat uniform way along the narrow area of land on which the two countries sit, Springborn says. The researchers worked out when the fungus arrived at a given place and then looked at the number of malaria cases in those places before and after the die-offs. Malaria cases rose in the first couple of years after the decline and remained high for six years or so before going down again for unknown reasons.
Studies on the connections between biodiversity loss and health might "help motivate conservation by highlighting the direct benefits of conservation to human well-being," says Hillary Young, a community ecologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. "Humans are causing wildlife to be lost at a rate similar to that of other major mass extinction events," she says. "We are increasingly aware that these losses can have major impacts on human health and well-being and, in particular, on risk of infectious disease.
50．What directly brought about the rise in malaria cases
A．The extinction of fungus. B．The death of amphibians.
C．The spread of a fungal disease. D．The lack of wildlife conservation.
51．What can we infer from Springborn and colleagues' findings
A．The number of amphibians dropped dramatically.
B．The fungus has little impact on human well-being.
C．The county's population multiplied after the amphibian decline.
D．Malaria cases show relevant changes when amphibians became fewer.
52．How did the scientists carry out the research
A．By studying the features of the fungus.
B．By comparing the number of malaria cases
C．By finding out the track of fungus' movement.
D．By working out the reason for the amphibian die-offs.
53．What might be the best title for the text
A．What has relationship with human health
B．What causes the major mass extinction event
C．Why humans should keep wildlife at a distance
D．How human well-being is closely connected with wildlife
C
阅读理解
Governments should stop the use of biofuels (生物燃料) and lift bans on genetic modification (转基因) of crops, a green campaigning group has urged, in the face of a growing global food crisis that threatens the developing nations.
The EU, the US and the UK are among countries that use biofuels compulsorily, usually mixed with petrol fuels, for road vehicles. But many of the biofuels used come from food crops, including wheat, maize and so on. The World Food Programme has warned that the rising prices of these food, which have been driven by a combination of the Covid pandemic, climate breakdown and the war in Ukraine, is generating a food crisis around the world.
In the UK, the renewable transport Fuel Obligation requires about 10% of the. fuels supplied by fossil fuel companies to be "sustainable", which in effect means biofuels. However, the amount that can come from food crops is at 4% at most, and will be reduced further to 2% in 2032. A UK government spokesperson said: "biofuels, and other renewable fuels, will continue to play an important part in helping to decarbonize transport and meet our climate goals. However, to help address the global food price crisis, we continue to promote waste-derived biofuels and are reducing the percentage of crop based biofuels that count towards supplier targets. "
RePlanet says that although the original reason for biofuels was as. a lower carbon alternative to fossil fuels, in fact, owing to the impact on food, the fertilizer and energy used to produce the grains and oils and the land converted to agriculture to produce biofuels, there is little carbon saving over fossil fuels. RePlanet also argues that rich countries should eat less meat to free up grain , and that prohibitions on the genetic modification of crops (GMF) should be lifted to achieve higher yields. If Europe doesn't look at finding evidence-based solutions, the outcome will be worse for the world's poor, for the climate and for nature conservation.
54．Which is not one of the factors contributing to a food crisis around the world
A．The Covid pandemic. B．The war in Ukraine.
C．Climate breakdown. D．Genetic modification of crops
55．What can you infer from paragraph 3
A．We use too many biofuels.
B．We use too many other renewable fuels.
C．We use too many fossil fuels.
D．We use too many waste-derived biofuels.
56．What does the underlined word "converted" in the last paragraph mean
A．Managed. B．Composed. C．Transformed D．Constructed.
57．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Global food crisis is on the way.
B．Stopping biofuels and lifting bans on GMF.
C．Finding evidence-based solutions.
D．Global food crisis threatens us.
D
阅读理解
A good movie, like a seed, can take root in people's hearts, grow out of people's thoughts! Without saying much, now I recommend 2 super burning dream movies to you. In the interleaving of light and shadow, feel the ups and downs of life, get the feeling of life, have a good heart, start 2023!
The Pursuit of Happiness
Will Smith stars in this moving tale inspired by the true story of Chris Gardner, a San Francisco salesman struggling to build a future for himself and his 5-year-old son Christopher. When his girlfriend Linda walks out, Chris is left to raise Christopher on his own. Chris' determination finally pays off when he lands an unpaid internship in1 a brutally (残暴的) competitive stockbroker-training program, where only one in twenty interns will make the cut. But without a salary, Chris and his son are evicted from their apartment and are forced to sleep on the streets, in homeless shelters and even behind the locked doors of a metro station bathroom. With self-confidence and the love and trust of his son, Chris Gardner rises above his obstacles (障碍) to become a Wall Street legend (传奇).
UP
Retired balloon salesman Carl Fredricksen is ready for his last chance at high-flying excitement. Tying thousands of balloons to his house, Carl sets off to the lost world of his childhood dreams. Unbeknownst to (瞒着) Carl, an overeager 8-year-old Wilderness Explorer Russell is on Carl's front porch! The world's most unlikely duo (搭档) meet fantastic friends like Dug, a dog with a special collar that allows him to speak, and Kevin, a rare 13-foot tall flightless bird. Stuck together in the wilds of the jungle, Carl realizes that sometimes life's biggest adventures aren't the ones you set out looking for.
58．Which category does the passage most likely fall in
A．Comics. B．Fairy tale.
C．Science fiction. D．Entertainment newspaper.
59．Who plays the leading role of The Pursuit of Happiness
A．Linda. B．Christopher
C．Will Smith. D．Chris Gardner.
60．How many human characters Up contains
A．Two. B．Four. C．Three. D．One.
六、书面表达
．假如你是高中生李华，你校上周举行了冬季运动会。现《英语周报》向你约稿，请根据以下提示写一篇关于本次运动会的报道。内容要点如下：
1）时间，地点；
2）内容；
3）意义。
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
基础达标
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
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