人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修三Unit4 Adversity and Courage单元基础知识总结及小测（有答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修三Unit4 Adversity and Courage单元基础知识总结及小测（有答案） |  | |
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2019新人教高中英语选择性必修三Unit4 Adversity and Courage单元基础知识总结及小测
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．adversity n．困境；逆境
2．bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．expedition n．探险；远征；探险队
4．aboard adv. & prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
5．crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n．拥挤的人群
6．sink vi.沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
7．abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
8．miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
9．decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的
10．selfish adj.自私的
11．genuine adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
12．crew n．(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
13．endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力→endure vt.忍耐；忍受①
14．qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify vt.取得资格；使合格②
15．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n．热情；热忱
16．assign vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n．分配的任务
17．envy n. & vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.妒忌的
18．belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产→belong vi.属于
19．perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求
20．resolve vi. & vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定
掌握规律 巧记单词
①endure vt.忍耐；忍受→endurance n.忍耐力；耐久力
例如：insure→insurance
②qualify vt.取得资格；使合格→qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识 或技能、学历等
例如：satisfy→satisfied
Ⅱ.核心短语
1．turn sb.down拒绝某人
2．set off出发
3．become stuck in被……困住
4．throw away扔掉
5．to one’s surprise让某人惊讶的是
6．keep...up 保持
7．after all毕竟；终究
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．so...that...如此……以至于……
But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship...
但是我对和他们一起去的想法那么热衷，以至于我偷偷上了他的船……
2．as引导时间状语从句
Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica.
“坚忍”号在我们靠近南极洲时被冰困住了。
3．have been doing sth.一直在做某事
We have been struggling for days，but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.
我们一直挣扎了好几天，但是大象岛上的情况变得更糟了。
小测：
Ⅰ单词拼写
1．What he did when facing ___________ (逆境) really surprised us.
2．The ___________ on the ship got into a panic when they saw the large iceberg.
3．The officer prepared some games to test the young people’s ____________ (耐久力)．
4．Our English teacher was so _____________ (脾气好的) that he seldom blamed us.
5．When the thief heard the sound，he hid himself in a _____________ (衣柜)．
6．The villagers all thought ill of the young man who ___________ his sick wife.
7．She has a good command of English，so she is ____________ for the job.
8．Families bringing up children on a low _____________ (工资) face many problems.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9．I’m not sure whether the young girl will solve the problem ___________ (decent)．
10．Only a few countries are in favor of the new ___________ (resolve)．
11．At last the boss was deeply moved by the young man’s _____________ (persevere)．
12．He escaped to another country，leaving all his ____________ (belong) at home.
13．The general stood at the bank，staring at the large ship ____________ (sink) slowly.
14．The training aims to get the young employees _____________ (qualify) for the new job.
15．Sitting in the hall were some teachers who had completed teaching ______________ (assign)．
Ⅲ.完成句子
16．The medicine was _________________________________________.
药那么苦，那个小孩拒绝咽下去。
17．In fact，the ship _________________ in the past two hours.
事实上，在过去的两小时里那艘船一直在慢慢往下沉。
18．_______________________，you will not be turned down by the new company.
只要你进行充分的准备，你不会被新公司拒绝的。
19．______________________________ when we arrive there
我们到了那里后，他们拒绝做出承诺怎么办？
20．_____________________________________，we wouldn’t have finished the task so early.
要是没有那位老人的指导，我们不会那么早完成任务的。
Ⅳ.单元语法——单句写作
21．今天早上这些花一直发出一种奇怪的气味。(give off)
_____________________________________________________________________
22．那些候选人在大厅里等了两个多小时了。(candidate)
_____________________________________________________________________
23．整个周末妈妈一直在清洁那些家具。(furniture)
_____________________________________________________________________
24．到目前为止，那个年轻人已经放弃两次好机会了。(abandon)
_____________________________________________________________________
25．那些游客一直在谈论那次令人兴奋的探险吗？(have been doing)
_____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Ⅰ单词拼写
1.adversity 2.crew 3.endurance 4.good tempered 5.cupboard 6.abandoned 7.qualified
8.wage
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9.decently 10.resolution 11.perseverance 12.belongings 13.sinking 14.qualified 15.assignments
Ⅲ.完成句子
so bitter that the child refused to swallow
has been sinking slowly
As long as you make full preparations
What if they refuse to make a commitment
If it hadn’t been for the old man’s guidance
Ⅳ.单元语法——单句写作
21.These flowers have been giving off a strange smell this morning.
22.Those candidates have been waiting in the hall for over two hours.
23.My mother has been cleaning the furniture the whole weekend.
24.The young man has abandoned two good chances up to now.
25.Have the visitors been talking about the exciting expedition
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．adversity n．困境；逆境
2．bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．expedition n．探险；远征；探险队
4．aboard adv. & prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
5．crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n．拥挤的人群
6．sink vi.沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
7．abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
8．miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
9．decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的
10．selfish adj.自私的
11．genuine adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
12．crew n．(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
13．endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力→endure vt.忍耐；忍受①
14．qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify vt.取得资格；使合格②
15．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n．热情；热忱
16．assign vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n．分配的任务
17．envy n. & vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.妒忌的
18．belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产→belong vi.属于
19．perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求
20．resolve vi. & vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定
掌握规律 巧记单词
①endure vt.忍耐；忍受→endurance n.忍耐力；耐久力
例如：insure→insurance
②qualify vt.取得资格；使合格→qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识 或技能、学历等
例如：satisfy→satisfied
Ⅱ.核心短语
1．turn sb.down拒绝某人
2．set off出发
3．become stuck in被……困住
4．throw away扔掉
5．to one’s surprise让某人惊讶的是
6．keep...up 保持
7．after all毕竟；终究
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．so...that...如此……以至于……
But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship...
但是我对和他们一起去的想法那么热衷，以至于我偷偷上了他的船……
2．as引导时间状语从句
Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica.
“坚忍”号在我们靠近南极洲时被冰困住了。
3．have been doing sth.一直在做某事
We have been struggling for days，but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.
我们一直挣扎了好几天，但是大象岛上的情况变得更糟了。
小测：
Ⅰ单词拼写
1．What he did when facing ___________ (逆境) really surprised us.
2．The ___________ on the ship got into a panic when they saw the large iceberg.
3．The officer prepared some games to test the young people’s ____________ (耐久力)．
4．Our English teacher was so _____________ (脾气好的) that he seldom blamed us.
5．When the thief heard the sound，he hid himself in a _____________ (衣柜)．
6．The villagers all thought ill of the young man who ___________ his sick wife.
7．She has a good command of English，so she is ____________ for the job.
8．Families bringing up children on a low _____________ (工资) face many problems.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9．I’m not sure whether the young girl will solve the problem ___________ (decent)．
10．Only a few countries are in favor of the new ___________ (resolve)．
11．At last the boss was deeply moved by the young man’s _____________ (persevere)．
12．He escaped to another country，leaving all his ____________ (belong) at home.
13．The general stood at the bank，staring at the large ship ____________ (sink) slowly.
14．The training aims to get the young employees _____________ (qualify) for the new job.
15．Sitting in the hall were some teachers who had completed teaching ______________ (assign)．
Ⅲ.完成句子
16．The medicine was _________________________________________.
药那么苦，那个小孩拒绝咽下去。
17．In fact，the ship _________________ in the past two hours.
事实上，在过去的两小时里那艘船一直在慢慢往下沉。
18．_______________________，you will not be turned down by the new company.
只要你进行充分的准备，你不会被新公司拒绝的。
19．______________________________ when we arrive there
我们到了那里后，他们拒绝做出承诺怎么办？
20．_____________________________________，we wouldn’t have finished the task so early.
要是没有那位老人的指导，我们不会那么早完成任务的。
Ⅳ.单元语法——单句写作
21．今天早上这些花一直发出一种奇怪的气味。(give off)
_____________________________________________________________________
22．那些候选人在大厅里等了两个多小时了。(candidate)
_____________________________________________________________________
23．整个周末妈妈一直在清洁那些家具。(furniture)
_____________________________________________________________________
24．到目前为止，那个年轻人已经放弃两次好机会了。(abandon)
_____________________________________________________________________
25．那些游客一直在谈论那次令人兴奋的探险吗？(have been doing)
_____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Ⅰ单词拼写
1.adversity 2.crew 3.endurance 4.good tempered 5.cupboard 6.abandoned 7.qualified
8.wage
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9.decently 10.resolution 11.perseverance 12.belongings 13.sinking 14.qualified 15.assignments
Ⅲ.完成句子
so bitter that the child refused to swallow
has been sinking slowly
As long as you make full preparations
What if they refuse to make a commitment
If it hadn’t been for the old man’s guidance
Ⅳ.单元语法——单句写作
21.These flowers have been giving off a strange smell this morning.
22.Those candidates have been waiting in the hall for over two hours.
23.My mother has been cleaning the furniture the whole weekend.
24.The young man has abandoned two good chances up to now.
25.Have the visitors been talking about the exciting expedition