初中英语 仁爱版 八年级下册unit5 topic2
【问题查找】
一、学习目标
知识目标：
会拼读重点词汇：strict, accept, fail, either, send, someone
会运用词组：do badly in, at one’s age, make sb do sth
会运用句型：
I find it difficult to learn English.
My mom makes me clean my room.
二、课文自学
I. Reading Comprehension
Predicting：依据文章标题，预测文章内容 (P9-1a)
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教师指导：
标题
是段落中心思想的精炼表达形式。在阅读中，不仅要求能够通过已知信息概括出段落的中心思想，而且还要对概括出的中心思想加以提炼，拟定出段落的标题。在测试中要求迅速而准确地选择标题。
段落主题通常由
主题句
（Topic Sentence）来表示，介绍段落的主题，一般位于段首或段末，偶尔在中间，有的则为隐含主题，需要归纳总结。
)What does the title I’m feeling better now imply
2. Skimming & Scanning：快速阅读，概括大意，细致阅读，解决关键理解
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教师指导：
略读
（Skimming）是概括和归纳段落的中心思想的手段，是最快速度所做的阅读。阅读过程：不要停顿或复现，不要因生词障碍停留，尽量猜测或跳过，注意力集中在关键词上。
查读
（Scanning）是在对材料有所了解的情况下进行，即带着问题寻找答案。阅读过程：用略读的方法通读材料，把握主旨，按各种体裁的组织模式定位，定位准确后放慢阅读速度，细读要查找的内容。
)
* Answer some detailed questions about the passage and learn some language points:
1. How does Helen look like
A. Happy; B. worried; C. excited; D. sad;
2. How is Li Hong now –She is .
A. happy; B. relaxed; C. unhappy; D. excited;
3. What is Li Hong doing now – She is .
A. crying; B. laughing; C. dancing; D. singing;
4. What happened to Li Hong
A. She lost the game. B. She was ill.
C. Her money was stolen. D. She did badly in the English exam.
5. Miss Wang will .
A. go to see her; B. have a talk with her; C. make her happy; D. help her with English;
* Read the passage to get the general idea of the paragraph.（5mins）
The passage is about what happened to Li Hong and what did Miss Wang plan to do to Li Hong.
Ⅱ. Language Learning Vocabulary
(
教师指导：
通过
上下文猜测词义
既是一项基本的阅读技能也是一种学习新词汇的方法。
1. 通过定义或释义关系猜测词义； 2. 通过同位关系猜测词义；
3. 通过同义或反义关系猜测词义； 4. 通过描写猜测词义；
5. 通过因果关系猜测词义； 6. 通过句法功能猜测词义；
7. 通过上下文信息猜测词义； 8. 通过代词所指代的内容猜测词义；
单词拼写
自我训练
先读准，对应拼读关系，再进行书写练习，书写熟练度通过反复练习可逐步提升。
)
I. 划出不懂单词、短语、句型，并依据上下文猜测词义，并学习拼写
Group 1: 词汇猜义
My parents are strict with me.
If you do not work hard, you will fail in the exam.
People like sending cards in the festival.
I don’t want to accept your apology.
Either Mary and John should do the cleaning.
Group 2: 短语猜义
Li Hong did badly in the English exam.
Everyone makes the same mistake at your age.
My mum makes me clean my room.
I find it hard to learn English.
(
教师指导：
语法学习先分析例句，观察特点，再进行语言现象归纳和总结，语法就是这样简单.
)Grammar
观察下面的句子，说出句子的意思，注意强调的单词意思；
I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
2. Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.
I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.
三、练一练
Vocabularies & Phrases
一、根据汉语提示填空
1. Mike feels very___________.（孤独）
2. The students looked _________（疲惫）because they did too much homework.
3. The little girl is always very _________.（害羞的）
4. My parents are very ________（严格的）in my study.
5. I _______ （发送）an e-mail to Beth to cheer her up.
二、根据首字母提示完成句子。
1. Bill looks upset because he did b___________ in the long jump at the sports meet yesterday.
2. You mother is s___________ with you, but she loves you very much.
3.The little girl is always very s__________, so she is afraid of speaking in class and making mistakes.
4. People s__________ e-cards to each other at Christmas.
5. I like Zhou Xingchi very much because he always tells a lot of j__________ in his movies.
Grammars
一，单项选择；
( )1. The little girl felt upset ____ her pet dog died.
A. why B. because of C. because D. what
( )2. ____ Mr. Zhang gave us some good suggestions, we still didn’t deal with those problems
very well.
A. Though B. But C. Because D. /
( )3. I don’t know the answer, I can do nothing but stand there.
A. Although B. Since C. If D. When
( )4. Because today is Children’s day, we decide to go to the park.
/ B. so C.as D. for
【要点精讲】
Vocabularies & Phrases
目标一：能正确识记本课核心单词、短语：拼写、发音、意思，用法
教师提问：这个单词怎么读？有什么意思？能造个句子吗？
1, strict adj. 严格的，严密的；
She is strict with herself. 她对她自己要求严格。
【固定词组】
be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
be strict about/in sth 对某事要求严格
My teacher is strict in the homework. 我们的老师在作业上非常严格。
【拓展】
strictly adv. 严格地，严密地；
be worried about sb/sth 对某人或某事担心
be pleased with sb/sth 对某人或某事满意
be angry at/about sth 对某事生气
be surprised at 对某事感到惊讶
【练习】
翻译句子：
我的妈妈对我的学习非常多人严格。
2， “你应该道歉！”我老师严厉地对我说。
教师提问：这个单词怎么读？有什么意思？能造个句子吗？
2, accept v. 接受
I accept your apology. 我接受你的道歉。
【固定词组】
accept sth 接受某事
3, fail v. 不及格，失败，未做；
I’m feeling really sad because I failed the English exam.
我很伤心因为我英语考试不及格。
【固定词组】
fail+ exam/maths/English= fail in+学科名词 不及格，没通过……（考试）
fail to do sth. 没有去做某事/做某事失败
At first, Adison failed to find the way of making electrical lights.
最初，爱迪生并没有找到制造电灯的方法。
【练习】
翻译；
小明英语没有及格。
2，John没有成功制作飞机。
教师提问：这个单词怎么读？能从句子里面猜一下其中的意思么？
4, either adj./prep. 二者之一，要么……
Either you or she should throw the garbage. 要么你要么她要去扔垃圾。
【固定词组】
either…or… 不是……就是……
either of… 两者中其中一个
【辨析】
单词 用法
either “两者中任意一个”, 单数，肯定
each “每个，各个，各自”强调个体，单数 肯定
both “两者都”， 肯定，复数
neither “两者都不”，否定，单数
例句：
Either of you should throw the garbage. 你们中的一个要去倒垃圾。
There are many trees on each side of the road. 很多树种在了路的两边。
Both of us don’t like throwing the garbage. 我们都不喜欢去倒垃圾。
Neither you nor him is Chinese. 你跟他都不是中国人。
【注意】
关于“both…and…”、“either…or….”和“neither…nor…”的主谓一致。
Both Mary and John like English. 谓语动词用复数。
Either Mary and John likes English. 谓语动词用单数。
Neither Mary and John likes English. 谓语动词用单数。
【练习】
翻译句子
我的父母中有一个不会英语。
2，我们两个人都不喜欢跑步。
教师提问：看着下面的单词能不能举出相似的例子？有什么单词是类似的单词？
5，someone pron. 某人
You can find someone help you clean your room.
你可以找某个人帮你打扫房间。
【拓展】
复合不定代词一览
some any no
thing something anything nothing
one someone anyone no one
body somebody anybody no body
【注意】
表格内都是不定代词，修饰adj时，必须放在adj后面。
如：重要的事 something important；anything interesting;
【练习】
完成句子；
1, Does have to say.
还有谁有什么重要的事情要说的吗？
2, There is about the book.
这本是没有什么是有趣的。
教师提问：bad是什么意思？那么badly呢？能不能猜一下下面单词的意思。
6，do badly in ……做的不好，做得很差；
do badly in （近义词组为be bad at）
She is crying in the bathroom because she did badly in the English exam.
【拓展】
反义词组为do well in（近义词组为be good at).
【练习】
Sam _________ _________ _________ the high jump. (Sam跳高跳得不好.)
教师提问：这个单词怎么读？有什么意思？能造个句子吗？
7，send v. 送，寄，发送
I send this card to you. 我把这张卡寄给你。
【固定词组】
send sth to sb=send sb sth 把某物寄给某人
【拓展】
give sth to sb=give sb sth 把某物给某人
pass sth to sb=pass sb sth 把某物递给某人
ewrite sth to sb=write sb sth 写信给某人
教师提问：知道问别人的年龄要怎么提问？(how old are you )，那age是什么意思？
8，at one’s age “像谁那么大的时候”
at the age of “在….岁时”
Everyone gets these feelings at your age. 每个人像你那么大的时候都会有这样的感觉。
At the age of six, he could sing English songs. 六岁的时候，他能唱英文歌了。
【练习】
翻译句子
每个人像你那么大的时候都会犯错。
在小明四岁的时候就开始弹钢琴了。
教师提问：记得“see sb do sth”这个结构吗？有没有类似的结构
9，make sb do sth 让某人做某事
She always tell me jokes and makes me laugh. 她经常给我讲笑话逗我笑。
【拓展】
make sb do sth =have sb do sth= let sb do sth
make sb/sth +adj/n 让某人怎么样（成为什么）
My mum made the house clean yesterday. 我妈妈昨天打扫了房间。
【注意】
是“make sb do sth”而非“make sb to do sth”
教师提问：下面这句话里面的“it”指的是什么？有时什么意思？
10，I find it hard to learn English. 我发现学英语很难。
【固定用法】
it 充当形式宾语。
find/feel/think +it+ adj+ to do sth 动词+宾语+宾补
We find it useful to watch English movies. 我们发现看英语电影很有用。
I think it necessary to have breakfast. 我发现吃早餐很有必要。
【练习】
1.We ve been looking at houses but haven’t found _____we like yet.
A. one B. ones C. it D. them
2.We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _____ from some wood we had.
A. it B. one C. himself D. another
Grammars
学习目标：
（1）能正确了解原因状语从句的定义；
（2）能掌握原因状语从句引导词because, for, as, since的用法；
（3）能正确区分because和so的用法还有because和because of的用法，并且运用于具体的题目中，正确率达80%。
目标分解：
（1）了解状语从句的定义
（2）了解原因状语从句的定义和基本句式
（3）掌握引导词because, for, as, since的用法
（4）区分because of和because的用法
（5）了解because和so的用法
目标一：状语从句和原因状语从句的定义和基本概念。
教师提问：知道什么是状语从句吗？和其他的句子有什么区别？那么原因状语从句呢？
状语从句
概念：状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。
如：
1. I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
我昨天没去上学，因为我生病了。
2. Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
既然大家都来了, 让我们开始开会吧。
3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.
既然你身体不好, 你就不该熬夜。
4. I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.
我请她留下来喝茶,因为我有事要告诉她。
简单来说，说明一件事情的原因的就是原因状语从句。
目标二：because, since, as, for在原因状语从句中的用法辨析；
原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由 because, since, as, for 引导。
because, since, as, for 的用法辨析
because 语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。 I didn’t go, because I was afraid. 我没有去，因为我害怕。
since 当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 由于天气恶劣，我们不得不推迟我们的旅行。
as 通常情况下，as引导的从句在主句前 As the weather is cold, I stay at home. 由于天气寒冷，我呆在了家里。
for 不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 通常情况下，for引导的从句在主句后。 He must be ill, for he is absent today. 他一定是病了，因为他今天缺席了。
【练习】
1. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. and B. for C. but D. or
目标三：原因状语从句中的相关考点；
【注意】
1、because不与so连用；
汉语习惯上说“因为…所以…”，但英语习惯上却不能将 so与because 连用：
正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.
误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.
因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。
2、because与 because of用法区别；
because + 句子
because of + 名词/短语
如：
He can’t come because he is ill. = He can’t come because of his illness.
他因病不能来。
I said nothing about it because his wife was there.
=I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there.
因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。
【练习】
1. He didn't go to work the heavy rain.
A .because B.because of C.so D.since
【查漏补缺】
Vocabularies & Phrases
一、根据汉语提示填空
1. Many students seem not to _______（接受）Kate, because she isn’t friendly to others.
2. Since Peter _______ _______ _______（不严格要求）himself, in the end he lost the game.
3. _______ _______ _______（别着急）. You’ll be OK.
4. I couldn’t _______（理解）what she said about Beijing Opera.
5. Tom was not happy, because he （不及格）in the English test.
二、根据首字母提示填
1. Tom f the math exam again.
2. People s e-cards to each other at Christmas.
3. Bill looks upset because he did b _______ in the long jump at the sports meet yesterday.
4. Minmin is their only daughter, but her parents are s__ ___ with her.
5. Lily is always very s ,so she is afraid of speaking in class and making mistakes
三、单项选择；
1. —Can you make cakes —Of course. It’s quite easy. ______ can do it.
A. Nobody B. Someone C. Everyone D. Anyone
2. The farmers kept on working in the fields, _____ it was raining heavily.
A. even though B. because C. instead D. what’s more
3.—She invited me to her party and I ______. —Great! We can go together tonight.
A. accepted B. refused C. accept D. refuse
4. —Here is a ticket to Avatar. _____, you had better not be late. —Thank you. I won’t.
A. By the way B. Of course
C. What’s more D. In the end
5. Mrs. Green is a kind teacher and she often helps students to _______ their problems.
A. talk with B. worried C. begin with D. deal with
Grammars
单项选择；
1. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. and B. for C. but D. or
2. A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.
A. so B. but C. and D. for
3.I didn’t go I was afraid.
A. since B. for C. because D. though
4. it was raining, we stayed at home.
A.because, so B.because ,/ C.because ,for D.if ,so
5.I said nothing about it his wife was there.
A. since B. so that C. because D. unless
6. the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
A. before B. since C. till D. After
【梳理优化】
总结：
一、中考常考题型：
1. 单项选择； 3. 短文填空
二、要点总结：
1，什么是状语从句？什么是原因状语从句？
用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
用一句话说明一件事情的原因的就是原因状语从句。
2，because, foe, since和for的用法；
because 放在句子的前后都可，但是不与so连用，注意和because of 区分
since 有两个意思：1，自从……；I didn’t meet you since last year. 2，因为，用法和as相似；
as 当表示显而易见得原因的时候和since，because的用法相似。
for 一般放在句中，前面有逗号。
【强化巩固】
Vocabularies & Phrases
一、单项选择；
( ) 1.—What’s on TV tonight —There is . It’s boring.
A .something interesting B. nothing interesting
C. anything interesting D. everything interesting
( ) 2. Kate did badly the English exam this time.
A. at B. in C. to D. with
( ) 3. We can’t buy this kind of books it’s not good for us.
A. so B. but C. because D. and
( ) 4. He seems _______ a student, but we often see him smoke
A. be B. is C. to be D. being
( ) 5.—Her mother is in hospital.—
A. Thanks for telling me that. B. I’m sorry to hear that.
C. Are you feeling better now D. I’m glad to see you.
二、根据中文完成句子；
1、我感到真的悲伤因为我英语考试不及格.
I’m _______ really sad because I _____ the English exam.
2、她总是给我讲笑话使我发笑。
She always ________me______ and________ me ___________.
3、我发现学好英语困难。
I ______ _______ hard ______ ___________ English well.
4、让我给你讲个笑话吧。
Let me __ ____ ____ to you.
5、顺便问一下，你父母最近好吗
____ ____ ____ ，how are your parents doing
Grammars
一、 改写句子,保持句意不变
1) The ship changed its course because there was a storm.
The ship changed its course _______ _______ _______ _______.
2) Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
He was ill, _______ he didn’t go to school.
3) He couldn't walk because his leg was broken.
He couldn't walk ______ ______ his ______ leg.
4) I came back because it was raining heavily.
I came back ______ ______ the ______ rain.
【课后练习】
Vocabularies & Phrases
一、根据首字母提示完成句子
1. Bill looks upset because he did b___________ in the long jump at the sports meet yesterday.
2. You mother is s___________ with you, but she loves you very much.
3.The little girl is always very s__________, so she is afraid of speaking in class and making mistakes.
4. People s__________ e-cards to each other at Christmas.
5. I like Zhou Xingchi very much because he always tells a lot of j__________ in his movies.
二、完形填空
One cold winter morning, an old woman had to 1 her doctor. When the doctor came, she 2 him that her right leg hurt, and that sometimes she could 3 walk. She asked him what was 4 , as she had 5 had such feeling.
The doctor looked her over carefully, then he said, “You are in a good 6 for a woman of your age. I think the trouble in your right leg is just a matter of old age catching up with you. We get all kinds of illnesses 7 we got older. The trouble will almost certainly 8 in spring.”
“I don't think so, doctor!”she said. “My left leg is 9 , and it is 10 age as my right.”
（ ）1. A. send for B. be sent for C. go to D. spoke
（ ）3. A. almost B. nearly C. badly D. hardly
（ ）4. A. trouble B. wrong C. matter D. problem
（ ）5. A. ever before B. never before C. ever ago D. never ago
（ ）6. A. time B. lucky C. healthy D. health
（ ）7. A. as B. during C. before D. until
（ ）8. A. start B. begin C. end D. come
（ ）9. A. good B. nice C. kind D. well
（ ）10. A. the same B. the different C. so D. as
Grammars
一、单项选择
（ ）1. — What shall we do this afternoon — _____ it’s very cold, let’s stay at home.
A. While B. Since C. Until D. After
（ ）2. I didn't accept his help__________I wanted to try it myself.
A. because B. though C. until D. unless
（ ）3. --I like rain________it makes me feel cool and relaxed. --So do I.
A. or B. so C. but D. because
（ ）4. Our Chinese teacher didn't go to bed_________ he finished his work last night.
A. if B. until C. since D. because
（ ）5. The traffic policeman took away James' driver's license_______He broke the traffic rules of drunk driving.
A. though B. because C. till D. and
二、填入恰当的连词
1. ______ you do not understand, I will explain again.
2. ______ Jane was the oldest in this family, she had to look after the others.
3. He must be ill, ______ he is absent today.
4. The teacher must be strict with you ______they want you to make great progress.
5. _____your father is well again, you no longer have anything to worry about.
6. The day breaks, _____the birds are singing.
7. ______ you are ill, you’d better go to see the doctor.
8. ______ she was late for class, she had to say sorry.初中英语 仁爱版 八年级下册unit5 topic2
【问题查找】
一、学习目标
知识目标：
会拼读重点词汇：strict, accept, fail, either, send, someone
会运用词组：do badly in, at one’s age, make sb do sth
会运用句型：
I find it difficult to learn English.
My mom makes me clean my room.
二、课文自学
I. Reading Comprehension
Predicting：依据文章标题，预测文章内容 (P9-1a)
(
教师指导：
标题
是段落中心思想的精炼表达形式。在阅读中，不仅要求能够通过已知信息概括出段落的中心思想，而且还要对概括出的中心思想加以提炼，拟定出段落的标题。在测试中要求迅速而准确地选择标题。
段落主题通常由
主题句
（Topic Sentence）来表示，介绍段落的主题，一般位于段首或段末，偶尔在中间，有的则为隐含主题，需要归纳总结。
)What does the title I’m feeling better now imply
2. Skimming & Scanning：快速阅读，概括大意，细致阅读，解决关键理解
(
教师指导：
略读
（Skimming）是概括和归纳段落的中心思想的手段，是最快速度所做的阅读。阅读过程：不要停顿或复现，不要因生词障碍停留，尽量猜测或跳过，注意力集中在关键词上。
查读
（Scanning）是在对材料有所了解的情况下进行，即带着问题寻找答案。阅读过程：用略读的方法通读材料，把握主旨，按各种体裁的组织模式定位，定位准确后放慢阅读速度，细读要查找的内容。
)
* Answer some detailed questions about the passage and learn some language points:
1. How does Helen look like
A. Happy; B. worried; C. excited; D. sad;
2. How is Li Hong now –She is .
A. happy; B. relaxed; C. unhappy; D. excited;
3. What is Li Hong doing now – She is .
A. crying; B. laughing; C. dancing; D. singing;
4. What happened to Li Hong
A. She lost the game. B. She was ill.
C. Her money was stolen. D. She did badly in the English exam.
5. Miss Wang will .
A. go to see her; B. have a talk with her; C. make her happy; D. help her with English;
Keys: B C A D B
* Read the passage to get the general idea of the paragraph.（5mins）
The passage is about what happened to Li Hong and what did Miss Wang plan to do to Li Hong.
Ⅱ. Language Learning Vocabulary
(
教师指导：
通过
上下文猜测词义
既是一项基本的阅读技能也是一种学习新词汇的方法。
1. 通过定义或释义关系猜测词义； 2. 通过同位关系猜测词义；
3. 通过同义或反义关系猜测词义； 4. 通过描写猜测词义；
5. 通过因果关系猜测词义； 6. 通过句法功能猜测词义；
7. 通过上下文信息猜测词义； 8. 通过代词所指代的内容猜测词义；
单词拼写
自我训练
先读准，对应拼读关系，再进行书写练习，书写熟练度通过反复练习可逐步提升。
)
I. 划出不懂单词、短语、句型，并依据上下文猜测词义，并学习拼写
Group 1: 词汇猜义
My parents are strict with me.
If you do not work hard, you will fail in the exam.
People like sending cards in the festival.
I don’t want to accept your apology.
Either Mary and John should do the cleaning.
Group 2: 短语猜义
Li Hong did badly in the English exam.
Everyone makes the same mistake at your age.
My mum makes me clean my room.
I find it hard to learn English.
(
教师指导：
语法学习先分析例句，观察特点，再进行语言现象归纳和总结，语法就是这样简单.
)Grammar
观察下面的句子，说出句子的意思，注意强调的单词意思；
I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
我昨天没去上学，因为我生病了。
2. Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
既然大家都来了, 让我们开始开会吧。
As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.
既然你身体不好, 你就不该熬夜。
I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.
我请她留下来喝茶,因为我有事要告诉她。
Key：because, since, as, for 都有“因为”的意思，上述的四个句子都是状语从句，而且是表示原因的原因状语从句。
三、练一练
Vocabularies & Phrases
一、根据汉语提示填空
1. Mike feels very___________.（孤独）
2. The students looked _________（疲惫）because they did too much homework.
3. The little girl is always very _________.（害羞的）
4. My parents are very ________（严格的）in my study.
5. I _______ （发送）an e-mail to Beth to cheer her up.
Key: 1, lonely; 2, tired; 3, shy; 4, strict; 5, send
二、根据首字母提示完成句子。
1. Bill looks upset because he did b___________ in the long jump at the sports meet yesterday.
2. You mother is s___________ with you, but she loves you very much.
3.The little girl is always very s__________, so she is afraid of speaking in class and making mistakes.
4. People s__________ e-cards to each other at Christmas.
5. I like Zhou Xingchi very much because he always tells a lot of j__________ in his movies.
Key: 1, bad; 2, strict; 3, shy; 4, send; 5, jokes;
Grammars
一，单项选择；
( )1. The little girl felt upset ____ her pet dog died.
A. why B. because of C. because D. what
( )2. ____ Mr. Zhang gave us some good suggestions, we still didn’t deal with those problems
very well.
A. Though B. But C. Because D. /
( )3. I don’t know the answer, I can do nothing but stand there.
A. Although B. Since C. If D. When
( )4. Because today is Children’s day, we decide to go to the park.
/ B. so C.as D. for
Key: BCBA
【要点精讲】
Vocabularies & Phrases
目标一：能正确识记本课核心单词、短语：拼写、发音、意思，用法
教师提问：这个单词怎么读？有什么意思？能造个句子吗？
1, strict adj. 严格的，严密的；
She is strict with herself. 她对她自己要求严格。
【固定词组】
be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
be strict about/in sth 对某事要求严格
My teacher is strict in the homework. 我们的老师在作业上非常严格。
【拓展】
strictly adv. 严格地，严密地；
be worried about sb/sth 对某人或某事担心
be pleased with sb/sth 对某人或某事满意
be angry at/about sth 对某事生气
be surprised at 对某事感到惊讶
【练习】
翻译句子：
我的妈妈对我的学习非常多人严格。
2， “你应该道歉！”我老师严厉地对我说。
Key: 1, My mom is strict wit my study.
2, “You should say sorry!” My teacher said to me strictly.
教师提问：这个单词怎么读？有什么意思？能造个句子吗？
2, accept v. 接受
I accept your apology. 我接受你的道歉。
【固定词组】
accept sth 接受某事
3, fail v. 不及格，失败，未做；
I’m feeling really sad because I failed the English exam.
我很伤心因为我英语考试不及格。
【固定词组】
fail+ exam/maths/English= fail in+学科名词 不及格，没通过……（考试）
fail to do sth. 没有去做某事/做某事失败
At first, Adison failed to find the way of making electrical lights.
最初，爱迪生并没有找到制造电灯的方法。
【练习】
翻译；
小明英语没有及格。
2，John没有成功制作飞机。
Key: 1, Xiaoming failed the English text. 2, John failed to make the plane.
教师提问：这个单词怎么读？能从句子里面猜一下其中的意思么？
4, either adj./prep. 二者之一，要么……
Either you or she should throw the garbage. 要么你要么她要去扔垃圾。
【固定词组】
either…or… 不是……就是……
either of… 两者中其中一个
【辨析】
单词 用法
either “两者中任意一个”, 单数，肯定
each “每个，各个，各自”强调个体，单数 肯定
both “两者都”， 肯定，复数
neither “两者都不”，否定，单数
例句：
Either of you should throw the garbage. 你们中的一个要去倒垃圾。
There are many trees on each side of the road. 很多树种在了路的两边。
Both of us don’t like throwing the garbage. 我们都不喜欢去倒垃圾。
Neither you nor him is Chinese. 你跟他都不是中国人。
【注意】
关于“both…and…”、“either…or….”和“neither…nor…”的主谓一致。
Both Mary and John like English. 谓语动词用复数。
Either Mary and John likes English. 谓语动词用单数。
Neither Mary and John likes English. 谓语动词用单数。
【练习】
翻译句子
我的父母中有一个不会英语。
2，我们两个人都不喜欢跑步。
Key: 1, Either of my parents knows English. 2, Neither of us likes running.
教师提问：看着下面的单词能不能举出相似的例子？有什么单词是类似的单词？
5，someone pron. 某人
You can find someone help you clean your room.
你可以找某个人帮你打扫房间。
【拓展】
复合不定代词一览
some any no
thing something anything nothing
one someone anyone no one
body somebody anybody no body
【注意】
表格内都是不定代词，修饰adj时，必须放在adj后面。
如：重要的事 something important；anything interesting;
【练习】
完成句子；
1, Does have to say.
还有谁有什么重要的事情要说的吗？
2, There is about the book.
这本是没有什么是有趣的。
Key: 1, anyone, anything important; 2, nothing interesting;
教师提问：bad是什么意思？那么badly呢？能不能猜一下下面单词的意思。
6，do badly in ……做的不好，做得很差；
do badly in （近义词组为be bad at）
She is crying in the bathroom because she did badly in the English exam.
【拓展】
反义词组为do well in（近义词组为be good at).
【练习】
Sam _________ _________ _________ the high jump. (Sam跳高跳得不好.)
Key: does badly in
教师提问：这个单词怎么读？有什么意思？能造个句子吗？
7，send v. 送，寄，发送
I send this card to you. 我把这张卡寄给你。
【固定词组】
send sth to sb=send sb sth 把某物寄给某人
【拓展】
give sth to sb=give sb sth 把某物给某人
pass sth to sb=pass sb sth 把某物递给某人
ewrite sth to sb=write sb sth 写信给某人
教师提问：知道问别人的年龄要怎么提问？(how old are you )，那age是什么意思？
8，at one’s age “像谁那么大的时候”
at the age of “在….岁时”
Everyone gets these feelings at your age. 每个人像你那么大的时候都会有这样的感觉。
At the age of six, he could sing English songs. 六岁的时候，他能唱英文歌了。
【练习】
翻译句子
每个人像你那么大的时候都会犯错。
在小明四岁的时候就开始弹钢琴了。
Key: 1, Everyone makes mistakes at your age. 2, Xiaoming can play the piano at the age of four.
教师提问：记得“see sb do sth”这个结构吗？有没有类似的结构
9，make sb do sth 让某人做某事
She always tell me jokes and makes me laugh. 她经常给我讲笑话逗我笑。
【拓展】
make sb do sth =have sb do sth= let sb do sth
make sb/sth +adj/n 让某人怎么样（成为什么）
My mum made the house clean yesterday. 我妈妈昨天打扫了房间。
【注意】
是“make sb do sth”而非“make sb to do sth”
教师提问：下面这句话里面的“it”指的是什么？有时什么意思？
10，I find it hard to learn English. 我发现学英语很难。
【固定用法】
it 充当形式宾语。
find/feel/think +it+ adj+ to do sth 动词+宾语+宾补
We find it useful to watch English movies. 我们发现看英语电影很有用。
I think it necessary to have breakfast. 我发现吃早餐很有必要。
【练习】
1.We ve been looking at houses but haven’t found _____we like yet.
A. one B. ones C. it D. them
2.We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _____ from some wood we had.
A. it B. one C. himself D. another
Key: CA
Grammars
学习目标：
（1）能正确了解原因状语从句的定义；
（2）能掌握原因状语从句引导词because, for, as, since的用法；
（3）能正确区分because和so的用法还有because和because of的用法，并且运用于具体的题目中，正确率达80%。
目标分解：
（1）了解状语从句的定义
（2）了解原因状语从句的定义和基本句式
（3）掌握引导词because, for, as, since的用法
（4）区分because of和because的用法
（5）了解because和so的用法
目标一：状语从句和原因状语从句的定义和基本概念。
教师提问：知道什么是状语从句吗？和其他的句子有什么区别？那么原因状语从句呢？
状语从句
概念：状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。
如：
1. I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
我昨天没去上学，因为我生病了。
2. Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
既然大家都来了, 让我们开始开会吧。
3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.
既然你身体不好, 你就不该熬夜。
4. I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.
我请她留下来喝茶,因为我有事要告诉她。
简单来说，说明一件事情的原因的就是原因状语从句。
目标二：because, since, as, for在原因状语从句中的用法辨析；
原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由 because, since, as, for 引导。
because, since, as, for 的用法辨析
because 语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。 I didn’t go, because I was afraid. 我没有去，因为我害怕。
since 当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 由于天气恶劣，我们不得不推迟我们的旅行。
as 通常情况下，as引导的从句在主句前 As the weather is cold, I stay at home. 由于天气寒冷，我呆在了家里。
for 不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 通常情况下，for引导的从句在主句后。 He must be ill, for he is absent today. 他一定是病了，因为他今天缺席了。
【练习】
1. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. and B. for C. but D. or
答案： B “his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因， 因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。
目标三：原因状语从句中的相关考点；
【注意】
1、because不与so连用；
汉语习惯上说“因为…所以…”，但英语习惯上却不能将 so与because 连用：
正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.
误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.
因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。
2、because与 because of用法区别；
because + 句子
because of + 名词/短语
如：
He can’t come because he is ill. = He can’t come because of his illness.
他因病不能来。
I said nothing about it because his wife was there.
=I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there.
因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。
【练习】
1. He didn't go to work the heavy rain.
A .because B.because of C.so D.since
Key: 答案：B题干的意思是“ 由于那场大雨，他没有去上班”，the heavy rain.表示原因，排除C； since和because 表示原因，后面跟的是从句，也就是说必须是一个完整的句子，本题中the heavy rain没有主语和谓语，.只是一个短语，所以排除A和C；because of表示“由于···”，后跟名词、代词或短语。
【查漏补缺】
Vocabularies & Phrases
一、根据汉语提示填空
1. Many students seem not to _______（接受）Kate, because she isn’t friendly to others.
2. Since Peter _______ _______ _______（不严格要求）himself, in the end he lost the game.
3. _______ _______ _______（别着急）. You’ll be OK.
4. I couldn’t _______（理解）what she said about Beijing Opera.
5. Tom was not happy, because he （不及格）in the English test.
Key: accept; isn’t strict with; Take it easy; understand; did badly in;
二、根据首字母提示填
1. Tom f the math exam again.
2. People s e-cards to each other at Christmas.
3. Bill looks upset because he did b _______ in the long jump at the sports meet yesterday.
4. Minmin is their only daughter, but her parents are s__ ___ with her.
5. Lily is always very s ,so she is afraid of speaking in class and making mistakes
Key: failed; send; badly; strict; shy;
三、单项选择；
1. —Can you make cakes —Of course. It’s quite easy. ______ can do it.
A. Nobody B. Someone C. Everyone D. Anyone
2. The farmers kept on working in the fields, _____ it was raining heavily.
A. even though B. because C. instead D. what’s more
3.—She invited me to her party and I ______. —Great! We can go together tonight.
A. accepted B. refused C. accept D. refuse
4. —Here is a ticket to Avatar. _____, you had better not be late. —Thank you. I won’t.
A. By the way B. Of course
C. What’s more D. In the end
5. Mrs. Green is a kind teacher and she often helps students to _______ their problems.
A. talk with B. worried C. begin with D. deal with
Key: 1. D anyone任何人，由“easy”可知“容易”任何人都可以。
4. A even though尽管；at least至少；in fact实际上；what’s worse更有甚者。由题意知选A。
7. C refuse to do sth.拒绝干某事。故选C。
1. A 告知或提醒某人一件事后，顺便补充相关事宜用by the way引出，意为“顺便说一下……”，故选A。
5. D deal with对付，处理，处置。
Grammars
单项选择；
1. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. and B. for C. but D. or
2. A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.
A. so B. but C. and D. for
3.I didn’t go I was afraid.
A. since B. for C. because D. though
4. it was raining, we stayed at home.
A.because, so B.because ,/ C.because ,for D.if ,so
5.I said nothing about it his wife was there.
A. since B. so that C. because D. unless
6. the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
A. before B. since C. till D. After
Key: BDCBCB
【梳理优化】
总结：
一、中考常考题型：
1. 单项选择； 3. 短文填空
二、要点总结：
1，什么是状语从句？什么是原因状语从句？
用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
用一句话说明一件事情的原因的就是原因状语从句。
2，because, foe, since和for的用法；
because 放在句子的前后都可，但是不与so连用，注意和because of 区分
since 有两个意思：1，自从……；I didn’t meet you since last year. 2，因为，用法和as相似；
as 当表示显而易见得原因的时候和since，because的用法相似。
for 一般放在句中，前面有逗号。
【强化巩固】
Vocabularies & Phrases
一、单项选择；
( ) 1.—What’s on TV tonight —There is . It’s boring.
A .something interesting B. nothing interesting
C. anything interesting D. everything interesting
( ) 2. Kate did badly the English exam this time.
A. at B. in C. to D. with
( ) 3. We can’t buy this kind of books it’s not good for us.
A. so B. but C. because D. and
( ) 4. He seems _______ a student, but we often see him smoke
A. be B. is C. to be D. being
( ) 5.—Her mother is in hospital.—
A. Thanks for telling me that. B. I’m sorry to hear that.
C. Are you feeling better now D. I’m glad to see you.
Key: BBCCB
二、根据中文完成句子；
1、我感到真的悲伤因为我英语考试不及格.
I’m _______ really sad because I _____ the English exam.
2、她总是给我讲笑话使我发笑。
She always ________me______ and________ me ___________.
3、我发现学好英语困难。
I ______ _______ hard ______ ___________ English well.
4、让我给你讲个笑话吧。
Let me __ ____ ____ to you.
5、顺便问一下，你父母最近好吗
____ ____ ____ ，how are your parents doing
Key: 1, feeling, failed; 2, tells, jokes, makes, laugh; 3, find it; to learn; 4, tell a joke; 5, By the way;
Grammars
一、 改写句子,保持句意不变
1) The ship changed its course because there was a storm.
The ship changed its course _______ _______ _______ _______.
2) Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
He was ill, _______ he didn’t go to school.
3) He couldn't walk because his leg was broken.
He couldn't walk ______ ______ his ______ leg.
4) I came back because it was raining heavily.
I came back ______ ______ the ______ rain.
Key:1.because of the storm 2. so 3. because of broken 4. because of heavy
【课后练习】
Vocabularies & Phrases
一、根据首字母提示完成句子
1. Bill looks upset because he did b___________ in the long jump at the sports meet yesterday.
2. You mother is s___________ with you, but she loves you very much.
3.The little girl is always very s__________, so she is afraid of speaking in class and making mistakes.
4. People s__________ e-cards to each other at Christmas.
5. I like Zhou Xingchi very much because he always tells a lot of j__________ in his movies.
Key: 1, bad; 2, strict; 3, shy; 4, send; 5, jokes;
二、完形填空
One cold winter morning, an old woman had to 1 her doctor. When the doctor came, she 2 him that her right leg hurt, and that sometimes she could 3 walk. She asked him what was 4 , as she had 5 had such feeling.
The doctor looked her over carefully, then he said, “You are in a good 6 for a woman of your age. I think the trouble in your right leg is just a matter of old age catching up with you. We get all kinds of illnesses 7 we got older. The trouble will almost certainly 8 in spring.”
“I don't think so, doctor!”she said. “My left leg is 9 , and it is 10 age as my right.”
（ ）1. A. send for B. be sent for C. go to D. spoke
（ ）3. A. almost B. nearly C. badly D. hardly
（ ）4. A. trouble B. wrong C. matter D. problem
（ ）5. A. ever before B. never before C. ever ago D. never ago
（ ）6. A. time B. lucky C. healthy D. health
（ ）7. A. as B. during C. before D. until
（ ）8. A. start B. begin C. end D. come
（ ）9. A. good B. nice C. kind D. well
（ ）10. A. the same B. the different C. so D. as
Key: BCDBB DABAA
Grammars
一、单项选择
（ ）1. — What shall we do this afternoon — _____ it’s very cold, let’s stay at home.
A. While B. Since C. Until D. After
（ ）2. I didn't accept his help__________I wanted to try it myself.
A. because B. though C. until D. unless
（ ）3. --I like rain________it makes me feel cool and relaxed. --So do I.
A. or B. so C. but D. because
（ ）4. Our Chinese teacher didn't go to bed_________ he finished his work last night.
A. if B. until C. since D. because
（ ）5. The traffic policeman took away James' driver's license_______He broke the traffic rules of drunk driving.
A. though B. because C. till D. and
Key：BADBB
二、填入恰当的连词
1. ______ you do not understand, I will explain again.
2. ______ Jane was the oldest in this family, she had to look after the others.
3. He must be ill, ______ he is absent today.
4. The teacher must be strict with you ______they want you to make great progress.
5. _____your father is well again, you no longer have anything to worry about.
6. The day breaks, _____the birds are singing.
7. ______ you are ill, you’d better go to see the doctor.
8. ______ she was late for class, she had to say sorry.
Key： 1.since 2. As 3. for 4. because 5. Since 6. for 7. Since 8. As
