初中英语 仁爱版八年级下册U6 Enjoy Cycling
【问题查找】
单项选择
1. --Do you know Neil Alden Armstrong
--Yes, he is the first man _________on the moon.
A. walk B. walks C. walked D. to walk
2. The doctor told Ann _______ too much meat, because she is a little heavy.
A. to eat B. to not eat C. not to eat D. not eat
3. The old man didn’t know ________when the house caught fire.
A. what to do B. what to do it C. how to do D. how to do it
4. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.
A. before B. after C. when D. while
5.We won’t start the meeting ______ our teacher arrives.
A. though B. until C. while D. or
6. _____ I got back, I found my mother cooking for me.
A. When B. Before C. Since D. Although
7. —Will you please give the dictionary to Jane
—Sure. I’ll give it to her she arrives here.
A. before B. until C. because D. as soon as
8.—Where is Hook, Juliet
— I’ve no idea. He ran out ______ he answered a phone call.
A. since B. until C. before D. as soon as
Keys: DCAAB BDD
【要点精讲】
重点词汇
1. decide on sth.
2. arrive at
3. pay for __________________
4. come up with ________________
5. look forward to (doing) sth.
6. can’t wait to do sth.
7. as soon as
8. be famous for
9. have fun doing sth.
10. hear from
11. tell sb. about sth.
重点句型
Topic One
1. For our spring field trip, we’re going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai,
【句型分析】three-day是复合形容词，作定语修饰名词visit.类似的用法有 a four-year-old boy a three-day holiday
注意区分复合形容词three-day与名词短语three days.
复合形容词two-day, two-month, four-year-old 等只能作定语修饰名词。
【练习】1. The park is far away from here indeed it’s about ____ walk
A. three hour B. a three hour’s C. a three-hours D. a three-hour
2. In this test, we’re asked to write a passageof about ______.
A. 80-words B. 80-word C. 80 words D. 80 words’
Keys: DC
2. I’d like to book some tickets to Mount Tai on April 13th.
…and arrives at Taishan Railway Station at 6:17 p.m.
When the student arrives in the morning, the headmaster greets him or her and carries the student’s book.
【句型解析】
介词 in, on, at的用法
时间介词 用法 例
in 表示一段时间，年、月、世纪、四季或泛指某一天的早上、中午、晚上。 ②从现在起多长时间以后 in 1990，在1990 in January，在 in the morning 在早上 in a few days 一段日子以后
on 主要用在星期几，节日前，或具体某一天的早上、中午、晚上。 on Sunday 在星期天 on teachers’ day 在教师节 on Sunday morning 在周日
at 表达具体的终点时刻前，也可用于固定词组中，表达的时间大多比较短暂 at 7 o’ clock 在七点钟
地点介词 用法 例子
in 用在较大的地方前 in China 在中国
at 用在较小的地点前 at school 在学校
on “在…上面”，强调表面接触 on the desk在书桌上
【练习】
1. It is believed that _______ December 21, 1891, the first basketball
game in history was played.
A. on B. in C. at D. by
2. Some workers in that factory have to work _______ night.
A. at B. for C. with D. among
3. Mr. Green’s office is _______the 26th floor. You can take the life there.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
4. They arrived Shanghai a cold morning.
A. in: in B. in: on C. at: on D. at: in
Keys: AACB
3. But it will take us few days to get there by bike.
Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m.
A standard room with two single beds costs ￥100 and a room with one single bed costs ￥80.
Each student spends one dollar buying a ticket.
【句型解析】
考点 词义 用法 句型
spend 花费(时间或钱) 主语只能是人，指某人“花费(时间、金钱)”。 spend＋钱/时间＋on sth.或 spend＋钱/时间＋(in) doing sth.
take 花费(时间) 常用it作形式主语。 It takes sb. some time to do sth.
pay 花费(金钱) 主语只能是人，指为买到的东西付钱，常与介词for连用 sb. pay(s)＋钱＋for sth.
cost 花费(时间、精力、金钱) 主语只能是物或事情。cost可以带双宾语，但cost没有被动语态。 sth. cost sb. some money
【练习】
1.—Is the price of the bookcase very ________？
—No，it ________ me only two thousand yuan.
A. high; spends B. expensive; takes
C. high; costs D. cheap; pays
2. —Excuse me. How much should I______ for the book
—About 15 yuan.
A. spend B. cost C. pay D. Take
3. —What a nice model car!
—Thanks a lot. It ________ me the whole day to make it.
A. spent B．took C．cost D．Wasted
4. It took us ____ to finish the new research report.
A. three hour and a half B. three and a half hour
C. three and half hours D. three and a half hours
Keys: BCBD
4. It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American
schools.
在加拿大和美国的学校，筹钱活动是很平常的。
【句型解析】
（1）此句中___________作真正主语，________为形式主语。
It is adj. to do sth. 做某事是怎么样的。 例如：
It is important to finish the homework before class.
在上课前做完作业是很重要的。
It is dangerous to play in the street. 在街上玩耍是很危险的。
It is fun to play games with friends.
和朋友们一起玩游戏是一件很有趣的事情。
Keys: to raise money in Canadian and American schools; it
（2）raise 及物动词，表示“筹集”外，还表“举起；使升高”，一般指把某物从低处抬高到高处。
e.g. She raised her hand.
He raised his glass to Mr. Li.
rise 不及物动词，表示“上升；升起；上涨”一般指事物本身由低处移到高处。
如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东边升起。
The river/ price rose. 河水上涨了。
【练习】
对于我们来说，学英语是很重要的。_____________________________
对他来说，保持好心情是最重要的。_____________________________
Keys: It’s very important for us to learn English.
It’s very important for him to keep in a good mood.
Topic Two
1. While you were enjoying your trip to Mount Tai, I was busy preparing for my exams.
【句型解析】
① be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth_忙于最某事、忙于某事__.
② while 当……时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。
【辨析】while 和when的区别
① when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间，while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
② when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。
如：They were singing while we were dancing.
He is strong while his brother is weak.
【练习】
1.Little Tom______ computer games when his mother got home.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing
2. Jenny in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o'clock this afternoon.
A. is cooking B. was cooking C. cooks D. Cooked
3.Turn off the water while you _______ your teeth or washing your hands.
A. were brushing B. brush C. are brushing D. brushed
4. Today’s young people can’t live without smart phones. They keep their hands on the phones wherever they go, even while they _______ meals.
A had B. will have C. are having D. were having
Keys: CBCC
2. I’m looking forward to meeting him.
【句型解析】look forward to 表 “_____________”, to是介词,后面应用名词、代词或动名词，且常用于进行时态。
类似的词组还有：___be used to doing, pay attention to, prefer to, according to__.
e.g. I’m really look forward to summer vacation.
They are looking forward to solving the problem.
Keys: 期望，盼望
3. We were having fun exploring when I noticed Darren wasn’t beside me.
【句型解析】
① have fun doing sth. _______________.
e.g. You’ll find you have fun learning English.
② notice sb do sth 注意某人__________某事
notice sb doing sth注意某人___________某事
类似的动词还有：hear, feel, watch,等感官动词，及have, let, make等使役动词。
如：She saw a boy go into your classroom.
The teacher heard Jim reading English when she came in.
【练习】1、They knew her very well. They had seen her up
from childhood.
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow
2、The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
Keys: 做某事有乐趣；做过；正在做；AB
Topic Three
If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.
如果人们遵守交通规则，交通事故就会减少。
【句型解析】
1）A. rule n. 规则，规章；
如：the rules of basketball篮球比赛规则；
the rules of grammar语法规则；
the rules of law法规；
B . rule v. 统治（某人/某事物），管理；
如：Charles I ruled eleven years. 查理一世统治了(英国)十一年。
2）if引导的条件状语从句，它同时间状语从句一样，主句是一般将来时，从句往往用一般现在时表示将来。
如：If it snows tomorrow, we’ll make snowmen together.
如果明天下雪，我们将一起堆雪人
2. When riding at night, they must wear light-colored clothes, and have lights in the front and reflectors on the back of their bicycles.
晚上骑车时，他们必须穿浅色的衣服，并在车头安装车灯，车位装反光玻璃。
【辨析】in front of & in the front of
in front of“在…的前面”，指某一范围以外的前面。
at/in the front of…“在…的前面”，指某一范围以内的前面。
如：Miss Gao is standing at the front of the classroom.
高小姐站在教室的前面。（指某一范围内的前面）
There is a tall tree in front of the house.
房子前面有一棵大树。（指某一范围以外的前面）
重点语法
（一）动词不定式
1、 不定式的肯定形式由“to+动词原形”构成。
否定形式“not to+动词原形”。
2、 to只是不定式的一个符号，没有任何实际意义。
3、 不定式可以作除谓语以外的其他句子成分，如主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，宾补。
1) 作主语, 常用it（形式主语）代替, 不定式放在后面做真正主语.
It is hard to say.很难说。
It is important to learn English well.学好英语非常重要。
注：
①如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for sb作它的逻辑主语。
如：It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
②如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, good, clever等表人的性格，品质等形容词，则加of.
如:It’s very kind of you to help me.
= You are kind to help me.
2) 作表语, 常用在系动词之后.
Your group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train.
你小组的任务是去弄清搭火车的费用。
She seems to be happy. 她似乎很快乐。
3) 作宾语, 常用在want; like; hope; begin; try; forget; learn; plan; decide; need 等及物动词后,构成动宾结构。如:
I want to buy some books. 我想去买一些书。
She likes to join the English Club. 她喜欢加入英语俱乐部。
提示：跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有:
想预订房间
决定去春游
计划骑车去那儿
选择乘火车
希望玩得愉快
拒绝与别人说话
4) 作宾补，
①跟动词不定式作宾补的动词: v. + sb. (not) to do sth.
告诉tell 鼓励 encourage 命令order
使 get 想要want / would like 邀请 invite
教teach 要求 ask
②跟动词不定式作宾补的动词: v. + sb. (not) do sth.(--to省略)
“听、观、使、让、帮”——hear, see, watch, make, let, help
但是help也可用help sb. to do sth. 的结构
如:我看见他几乎每天都打篮球。
老板强迫工人整天干活。
Keys: I see him play basketball almost everyday.
The boss makes his workers do all day.
5) 作定语，常用在被修饰的名词/代词之后。
下列动词常接动词不定式作定语：chance, time, wish, way, the first, the only, the second, the last, promise等。
如：He has no time to see the film.
6) 动词不定式作目的状语:
① 我要去北京看长城。
I want to go to Beijing to visit the Great Wall.
② 为了赶上早班车，他每天很早起床。
He gets up early to catch the early bus every day.
③ 他们决定上网以获取更多的信息。
They decided to search the Internet to get more information.
【练习】
1. Tom decided ______ for a walk in the forest.
A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
2. --Michael, my new iphone5 doesn’t work.
--Why not ask Mr. Liu _____ it
A. repair B. to repair C. repairing
3. --I didn’t hear you come in just now.
--That’s good. We tried _____any noise, for you were sleeping.
A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making
Keys: BBB
（二）时间状语从句
时间状语从句
【课文例句】
He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.
I’d like to meet him with me when he arrives.
Would you help me make a plan to explore Beijing before he comes
1. 引导词:
a) when; while; as 当……时候
when 既可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词
while 跟延续性动词
as 多用于口语,强调 “同一时间”或 “一前一后” 如：
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom, the teacher came in.
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us.
b) until; not…until
until “直到……为止”，主句的谓语动词用延续性动词。
not…until “直到……才” 主句的谓语动词常用短暂性动词。
如：I will stay here until the rain stops.
= I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
c) after 在……之后; before在……之前; as soon as 一……就……
如：I went to sleep after I finished my homework.
= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.
2. 时态:
a)当主句为一般过去时时, 从句常为过去的某种时态;如：
While the students were talking in the classroom, the teacher came in.
I went to sleep after I finished my homework.
b)当主句为一般将来时时, 从句为一般现在时， 即“主将从现”的原则
如：As soon as the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.
I will stay here until the rain stops.
【查漏补缺】
单项选择
1. My parents often tell me too much junk food because it’s bad for my health.
A. not eating B. not to eat C. eating D. to eat
2. — What about a rest
—Let's go for a walk.
A. to take B. take C. taking D. took
3．— I’m looking forward to __my parents soon. What about you
— Me too．
A. seeing B. see C. saw D. to see
4. I'm sleepy. I prefer ________ at home to going out for a walk.
A. sleeping B. to sleep C. slept D. sleep
5. He used to _____in a small village, but now he has been used to ____in a big city.
A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living
6. --Did you have a good holiday
--Yes. It ____ us five days____ Mount Wuyi. We enjoyed ourselves.
A. cost; for B. took; to C. spent; on D. paid; for
7. --How long did it take to get to the top of Mount Huang
--It took us about 3 hours________ there.
A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get
8. —Where is Japan, do you know —It lies ___ the east of China.
A. in B. at C. to D. on
9. —Mary can’t help ____ the house. Why
—Because she is busy ____ a hotel reservation.
A. to clean; making B. cleaning; making
C. cleaning; to make D. to clean; to make
10. —____ is it from here to the Summer Palace
—About twenty minutes’ walk.
A. Hong long B. How far C. How soon D. What time
Keys: BCAAA BDCBB
【强化巩固】
单项选择
单项选择
1. —When will he leave for Shanghai
—As soon as he his work.
A. finished B. will finish C. is finishing D. finishes
2. —When should I hand in my paper
—Your paper must as soon as the bell .
A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring
C. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in: rings
3. If I eat ____ food, I’ll be very fat.
A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too
4. I’ll give the book to him if he ___ here next Sunday.
A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came
5. Mr. Green ____ go to bed ____ he finished his work last night.
A. does; until B. don’t; until C. didn’t; until D. isn’t; until
6. The official was looking at a postcard sadly ____ his workmate came in.
A. while B. when C. after D. before
7. —I’m sorry that John is out.
—Please ask him to call me as soon as he ____.
A. returned B. returns C. will return D. is returning
8. Scientists say it may be a few years _____ it is possible to test the new medicine on patients．
A. because B. after C．before D. since
9. Don’t forget to wash your hands _________ you have meals.
A. before B. until C. though D. unless
10. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.
A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after
11. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
Keys: DDCBC BBCAC D
【课后练习】
一、单项选择
1. If our government ________ pay attention to the safety of food, our health _______ in danger.
A. isn’t; is B. doesn’t; will be C. won’t; is D. isn’t; will be
2. What will you do if you _____ to the old folk’s home visit
A. go B. went C. going D. will go
3. —I’m afraid the class has begun.
—Don’t worry. It _____ until the bell ______.
A. doesn’t begin; rings B. won’t begin; will ring
C. won’t begin; rings D. doesn’t begin; will ring
4. My father was watching TV ______ my mother was cooking.
A. when B. until C. while D. as soon as
5. I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.
A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although
6.If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time.
A. will go B. went C. go D. going
7. I ____ her the answer if she ____me.
A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask
C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks
8.—What are you going to do tomorrow
—We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___.
A. isn’t rain B. rain C. won’t rain D. doesn’t rain
9. I’ll wake you up when he ____back.
A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. come
10. The teacher raised his voice ____ all the students could hear him.
A. for B. so that C. because D. in order
Keys: BACCC CDDCB
二、阅读理解
Modern life is impossible without traveling. The fastest way of traveling is by plane. With a modern airliner(客机), you can travel in one day to places which needed a month or more to get to hundreds of years ago.
Traveling by train is slower than by plane, but you can see the places you are traveling through. Modern trains have comfortable seats and dining-cars. They even make the longest journey enjoyable(令人愉快的).
Some people prefer to travel by sea. You can visit many other countries or different parts of your country. Ships are not so fast as trains or planes, but traveling by sea is a very pleasant way to spend a holiday.
Many people like to travel by car. You can make your own timetable. You can travel three or four hundred miles or only fifty or one hundred miles a day, just as you like. You can stop if there is something interesting, for example, at a good restaurant where you can enjoy a good meal, or at a hotel to spend the night. That’s why traveling by car is popular for pleasure trips, while people usually take a train or a plane when they travel on business.
1. From the passage, we know the fastest way of traveling is ____.
A. by train B. by sea C. by plane D. by car
2. If we travel by car, we can ____.
A. make the longest journey enjoyable
B. travel to a very far place in a few minutes
C. make our own timetable
D. visit many other countries
3. The underlined word “They” in the passage refers to(指的是)___.
A. modern trains in the country
B. the comfortable seats and dining-cars
C. the travelers on the modern trains
D. the slower ways of traveling
4. When people travel on business, they usually take ____.
A. a plane or a car B. a car or a boat
C. a boat or a train D. a train or a plane
5. How many ways of traveling are mentioned in the passage
A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. D. Six.
Keys: CCBDA初中英语 仁爱版八年级下册U6 Enjoy Cycling
【问题查找】
单项选择
1. --Do you know Neil Alden Armstrong
--Yes, he is the first man _________on the moon.
A. walk B. walks C. walked D. to walk
2. The doctor told Ann _______ too much meat, because she is a little heavy.
A. to eat B. to not eat C. not to eat D. not eat
3. The old man didn’t know ________when the house caught fire.
A. what to do B. what to do it C. how to do D. how to do it
4. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.
A. before B. after C. when D. while
5.We won’t start the meeting ______ our teacher arrives.
A. though B. until C. while D. or
6. _____ I got back, I found my mother cooking for me.
A. When B. Before C. Since D. Although
7. —Will you please give the dictionary to Jane
—Sure. I’ll give it to her she arrives here.
A. before B. until C. because D. as soon as
8.—Where is Hook, Juliet
— I’ve no idea. He ran out ______ he answered a phone call.
A. since B. until C. before D. as soon as
【要点精讲】
重点词汇
1. decide on sth.
2. arrive at
3. pay for __________________
4. come up with ________________
5. look forward to (doing) sth.
6. can’t wait to do sth.
7. as soon as
8. be famous for
9. have fun doing sth.
10. hear from
11. tell sb. about sth.
重点句型
Topic One
1. For our spring field trip, we’re going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai,
【句型分析】three-day是复合形容词，作定语修饰名词visit.类似的用法有 a four-year-old boy a three-day holiday
注意区分复合形容词three-day与名词短语three days.
复合形容词two-day, two-month, four-year-old 等只能作定语修饰名词。
【练习】1. The park is far away from here indeed it’s about ____ walk
A. three hour B. a three hour’s C. a three-hours D. a three-hour
2. In this test, we’re asked to write a passageof about ______.
A. 80-words B. 80-word C. 80 words D. 80 words’
2. I’d like to book some tickets to Mount Tai on April 13th.
…and arrives at Taishan Railway Station at 6:17 p.m.
When the student arrives in the morning, the headmaster greets him or her and carries the student’s book.
【句型解析】
介词 in, on, at的用法
时间介词 用法 例
in 表示一段时间，年、月、世纪、四季或泛指某一天的早上、中午、晚上。 ②从现在起多长时间以后 in 1990，在1990 in January，在 in the morning 在早上 in a few days 一段日子以后
on 主要用在星期几，节日前，或具体某一天的早上、中午、晚上。 on Sunday 在星期天 on teachers’ day 在教师节 on Sunday morning 在周日
at 表达具体的终点时刻前，也可用于固定词组中，表达的时间大多比较短暂 at 7 o’ clock 在七点钟
地点介词 用法 例子
in 用在较大的地方前 in China 在中国
at 用在较小的地点前 at school 在学校
on “在…上面”，强调表面接触 on the desk在书桌上
【练习】
1. It is believed that _______ December 21, 1891, the first basketball
game in history was played.
A. on B. in C. at D. by
2. Some workers in that factory have to work _______ night.
A. at B. for C. with D. among
3. Mr. Green’s office is _______the 26th floor. You can take the life there.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
4. They arrived Shanghai a cold morning.
A. in: in B. in: on C. at: on D. at: in
3. But it will take us few days to get there by bike.
Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m.
A standard room with two single beds costs ￥100 and a room with one single bed costs ￥80.
Each student spends one dollar buying a ticket.
【句型解析】
考点 词义 用法 句型
spend 花费(时间或钱) 主语只能是人，指某人“花费(时间、金钱)”。 spend＋钱/时间＋on sth.或 spend＋钱/时间＋(in) doing sth.
take 花费(时间) 常用it作形式主语。 It takes sb. some time to do sth.
pay 花费(金钱) 主语只能是人，指为买到的东西付钱，常与介词for连用 sb. pay(s)＋钱＋for sth.
cost 花费(时间、精力、金钱) 主语只能是物或事情。cost可以带双宾语，但cost没有被动语态。 sth. cost sb. some money
【练习】
1.—Is the price of the bookcase very ________？
—No，it ________ me only two thousand yuan.
A. high; spends B. expensive; takes
C. high; costs D. cheap; pays
2. —Excuse me. How much should I______ for the book
—About 15 yuan.
A. spend B. cost C. pay D. Take
3. —What a nice model car!
—Thanks a lot. It ________ me the whole day to make it.
A. spent B．took C．cost D．Wasted
4. It took us ____ to finish the new research report.
A. three hour and a half B. three and a half hour
C. three and half hours D. three and a half hours
4. It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American
schools.
在加拿大和美国的学校，筹钱活动是很平常的。
【句型解析】
（1）此句中___________作真正主语，________为形式主语。
It is adj. to do sth. 做某事是怎么样的。 例如：
It is important to finish the homework before class.
在上课前做完作业是很重要的。
It is dangerous to play in the street. 在街上玩耍是很危险的。
It is fun to play games with friends.
和朋友们一起玩游戏是一件很有趣的事情。
（2）raise 及物动词，表示“筹集”外，还表“举起；使升高”，一般指把某物从低处抬高到高处。
e.g. She raised her hand.
He raised his glass to Mr. Li.
rise 不及物动词，表示“上升；升起；上涨”一般指事物本身由低处移到高处。
如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东边升起。
The river/ price rose. 河水上涨了。
【练习】
对于我们来说，学英语是很重要的。_____________________________
对他来说，保持好心情是最重要的。_____________________________
Topic Two
1. While you were enjoying your trip to Mount Tai, I was busy preparing for my exams.
【句型解析】
① be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth_忙于最某事、忙于某事__.
② while 当……时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。
【辨析】while 和when的区别
① when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间，while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
② when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。
如：They were singing while we were dancing.
He is strong while his brother is weak.
【练习】
1.Little Tom______ computer games when his mother got home.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing
2. Jenny in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o'clock this afternoon.
A. is cooking B. was cooking C. cooks D. Cooked
3.Turn off the water while you _______ your teeth or washing your hands.
A. were brushing B. brush C. are brushing D. brushed
4. Today’s young people can’t live without smart phones. They keep their hands on the phones wherever they go, even while they _______ meals.
A had B. will have C. are having D. were having
2. I’m looking forward to meeting him.
【句型解析】look forward to 表 “_____________”, to是介词,后面应用名词、代词或动名词，且常用于进行时态。
类似的词组还有：___be used to doing, pay attention to, prefer to, according to__.
e.g. I’m really look forward to summer vacation.
They are looking forward to solving the problem.
3. We were having fun exploring when I noticed Darren wasn’t beside me.
【句型解析】
① have fun doing sth. _______________.
e.g. You’ll find you have fun learning English.
② notice sb do sth 注意某人__________某事
notice sb doing sth注意某人___________某事
类似的动词还有：hear, feel, watch,等感官动词，及have, let, make等使役动词。
如：She saw a boy go into your classroom.
The teacher heard Jim reading English when she came in.
【练习】1、They knew her very well. They had seen her up
from childhood.
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow
2、The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
Topic Three
If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.
如果人们遵守交通规则，交通事故就会减少。
【句型解析】
1）A. rule n. 规则，规章；
如：the rules of basketball篮球比赛规则；
the rules of grammar语法规则；
the rules of law法规；
B . rule v. 统治（某人/某事物），管理；
如：Charles I ruled eleven years. 查理一世统治了(英国)十一年。
2）if引导的条件状语从句，它同时间状语从句一样，主句是一般将来时，从句往往用一般现在时表示将来。
如：If it snows tomorrow, we’ll make snowmen together.
如果明天下雪，我们将一起堆雪人
2. When riding at night, they must wear light-colored clothes, and have lights in the front and reflectors on the back of their bicycles.
晚上骑车时，他们必须穿浅色的衣服，并在车头安装车灯，车位装反光玻璃。
【辨析】in front of & in the front of
in front of“在…的前面”，指某一范围以外的前面。
at/in the front of…“在…的前面”，指某一范围以内的前面。
如：Miss Gao is standing at the front of the classroom.
高小姐站在教室的前面。（指某一范围内的前面）
There is a tall tree in front of the house.
房子前面有一棵大树。（指某一范围以外的前面）
重点语法
（一）动词不定式
1、 不定式的肯定形式由“to+动词原形”构成。
否定形式“not to+动词原形”。
2、 to只是不定式的一个符号，没有任何实际意义。
3、 不定式可以作除谓语以外的其他句子成分，如主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，宾补。
1) 作主语, 常用it（形式主语）代替, 不定式放在后面做真正主语.
It is hard to say.很难说。
It is important to learn English well.学好英语非常重要。
注：
①如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for sb作它的逻辑主语。
如：It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
②如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, good, clever等表人的性格，品质等形容词，则加of.
如:It’s very kind of you to help me.
= You are kind to help me.
2) 作表语, 常用在系动词之后.
Your group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train.
你小组的任务是去弄清搭火车的费用。
She seems to be happy. 她似乎很快乐。
3) 作宾语, 常用在want; like; hope; begin; try; forget; learn; plan; decide; need 等及物动词后,构成动宾结构。如:
I want to buy some books. 我想去买一些书。
She likes to join the English Club. 她喜欢加入英语俱乐部。
提示：跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有:
想预订房间
决定去春游
计划骑车去那儿
选择乘火车
希望玩得愉快
拒绝与别人说话
4) 作宾补，
①跟动词不定式作宾补的动词: v. + sb. (not) to do sth.
告诉tell 鼓励 encourage 命令order
使 get 想要want / would like 邀请 invite
教teach 要求 ask
②跟动词不定式作宾补的动词: v. + sb. (not) do sth.(--to省略)
“听、观、使、让、帮”——hear, see, watch, make, let, help
但是help也可用help sb. to do sth. 的结构
如:我看见他几乎每天都打篮球。
老板强迫工人整天干活。
5) 作定语，常用在被修饰的名词/代词之后。
下列动词常接动词不定式作定语：chance, time, wish, way, the first, the only, the second, the last, promise等。
如：He has no time to see the film.
6) 动词不定式作目的状语:
① 我要去北京看长城。
I want to go to Beijing to visit the Great Wall.
② 为了赶上早班车，他每天很早起床。
He gets up early to catch the early bus every day.
③ 他们决定上网以获取更多的信息。
They decided to search the Internet to get more information.
【练习】
1. Tom decided ______ for a walk in the forest.
A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
2. --Michael, my new iphone5 doesn’t work.
--Why not ask Mr. Liu _____ it
A. repair B. to repair C. repairing
3. --I didn’t hear you come in just now.
--That’s good. We tried _____any noise, for you were sleeping.
A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making
（二）时间状语从句
时间状语从句
【课文例句】
He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.
I’d like to meet him with me when he arrives.
Would you help me make a plan to explore Beijing before he comes
1. 引导词:
a) when; while; as 当……时候
when 既可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词
while 跟延续性动词
as 多用于口语,强调 “同一时间”或 “一前一后” 如：
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom, the teacher came in.
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us.
b) until; not…until
until “直到……为止”，主句的谓语动词用延续性动词。
not…until “直到……才” 主句的谓语动词常用短暂性动词。
如：I will stay here until the rain stops.
= I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
c) after 在……之后; before在……之前; as soon as 一……就……
如：I went to sleep after I finished my homework.
= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.
2. 时态:
a)当主句为一般过去时时, 从句常为过去的某种时态;如：
While the students were talking in the classroom, the teacher came in.
I went to sleep after I finished my homework.
b)当主句为一般将来时时, 从句为一般现在时， 即“主将从现”的原则
如：As soon as the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.
I will stay here until the rain stops.
【查漏补缺】
单项选择
1. My parents often tell me too much junk food because it’s bad for my health.
A. not eating B. not to eat C. eating D. to eat
2. — What about a rest
—Let's go for a walk.
A. to take B. take C. taking D. took
3．— I’m looking forward to __my parents soon. What about you
— Me too．
A. seeing B. see C. saw D. to see
4. I'm sleepy. I prefer ________ at home to going out for a walk.
A. sleeping B. to sleep C. slept D. sleep
5. He used to _____in a small village, but now he has been used to ____in a big city.
A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living
6. --Did you have a good holiday
--Yes. It ____ us five days____ Mount Wuyi. We enjoyed ourselves.
A. cost; for B. took; to C. spent; on D. paid; for
7. --How long did it take to get to the top of Mount Huang
--It took us about 3 hours________ there.
A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get
8. —Where is Japan, do you know —It lies ___ the east of China.
A. in B. at C. to D. on
9. —Mary can’t help ____ the house. Why
—Because she is busy ____ a hotel reservation.
A. to clean; making B. cleaning; making
C. cleaning; to make D. to clean; to make
10. —____ is it from here to the Summer Palace
—About twenty minutes’ walk.
A. Hong long B. How far C. How soon D. What time
【强化巩固】
单项选择
单项选择
1. —When will he leave for Shanghai
—As soon as he his work.
A. finished B. will finish C. is finishing D. finishes
2. —When should I hand in my paper
—Your paper must as soon as the bell .
A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring
C. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in: rings
3. If I eat ____ food, I’ll be very fat.
A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too
4. I’ll give the book to him if he ___ here next Sunday.
A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came
5. Mr. Green ____ go to bed ____ he finished his work last night.
A. does; until B. don’t; until C. didn’t; until D. isn’t; until
6. The official was looking at a postcard sadly ____ his workmate came in.
A. while B. when C. after D. before
7. —I’m sorry that John is out.
—Please ask him to call me as soon as he ____.
A. returned B. returns C. will return D. is returning
8. Scientists say it may be a few years _____ it is possible to test the new medicine on patients．
A. because B. after C．before D. since
9. Don’t forget to wash your hands _________ you have meals.
A. before B. until C. though D. unless
10. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.
A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after
11. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
【课后练习】
一、单项选择
1. If our government ________ pay attention to the safety of food, our health _______ in danger.
A. isn’t; is B. doesn’t; will be C. won’t; is D. isn’t; will be
2. What will you do if you _____ to the old folk’s home visit
A. go B. went C. going D. will go
3. —I’m afraid the class has begun.
—Don’t worry. It _____ until the bell ______.
A. doesn’t begin; rings B. won’t begin; will ring
C. won’t begin; rings D. doesn’t begin; will ring
4. My father was watching TV ______ my mother was cooking.
A. when B. until C. while D. as soon as
5. I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.
A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although
6.If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time.
A. will go B. went C. go D. going
7. I ____ her the answer if she ____me.
A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask
C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks
8.—What are you going to do tomorrow
—We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___.
A. isn’t rain B. rain C. won’t rain D. doesn’t rain
9. I’ll wake you up when he ____back.
A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. come
10. The teacher raised his voice ____ all the students could hear him.
A. for B. so that C. because D. in order
二、阅读理解
Modern life is impossible without traveling. The fastest way of traveling is by plane. With a modern airliner(客机), you can travel in one day to places which needed a month or more to get to hundreds of years ago.
Traveling by train is slower than by plane, but you can see the places you are traveling through. Modern trains have comfortable seats and dining-cars. They even make the longest journey enjoyable(令人愉快的).
Some people prefer to travel by sea. You can visit many other countries or different parts of your country. Ships are not so fast as trains or planes, but traveling by sea is a very pleasant way to spend a holiday.
Many people like to travel by car. You can make your own timetable. You can travel three or four hundred miles or only fifty or one hundred miles a day, just as you like. You can stop if there is something interesting, for example, at a good restaurant where you can enjoy a good meal, or at a hotel to spend the night. That’s why traveling by car is popular for pleasure trips, while people usually take a train or a plane when they travel on business.
1. From the passage, we know the fastest way of traveling is ____.
A. by train B. by sea C. by plane D. by car
2. If we travel by car, we can ____.
A. make the longest journey enjoyable
B. travel to a very far place in a few minutes
C. make our own timetable
D. visit many other countries
3. The underlined word “They” in the passage refers to(指的是)___.
A. modern trains in the country
B. the comfortable seats and dining-cars
C. the travelers on the modern trains
D. the slower ways of traveling
4. When people travel on business, they usually take ____.
A. a plane or a car B. a car or a boat
C. a boat or a train D. a train or a plane
5. How many ways of traveling are mentioned in the passage
A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. D. Six.
