人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 History and traditions Words and expresssions 课件(共76张PPT)

(共76张PPT)
Unit 4 History And Traditions
必修2
Words and Expressions
Page 104
1. Confucius [k n'fju s]: n. 孔子
Temple of Confucius: Kong Family Mansion:
Cemetery of Confucius: Confucius Institute:
Confucius was a great thinker, educator，politician and philosopher.
Confucius has made great contribitions to education,politics and philosophy.
Confucian /k n fju: n/ adj 孔子的；儒学的; n. 儒家；儒家学者
Confucian school 儒家学派
Mencius 孟子
孔庙
孔府
孔林
孔子学院
2. cemetery [ sem tri]: n. 墓地;公墓
联想词：
tomb 墓穴 tomb stone 墓碑 graves 坟墓
3. philosophy [f l s fi]: n. 哲学
philosopher [f l s f (r)]: 哲学家
do a research project on Confucius philosophy
做一个关于孔子哲学的研究项目
a professor of philosophy 哲学教授
a degree in philosophy 哲学学位
4. descendant [d send nt] n. 后代
→descend v.下降；降落
descend the stairs 下楼梯
Chinese descendant in American 美籍华裔
participant 参与者
migrant 移民
assistant 助手
servant 仆人
accountant 会计
applicant 申请人
merchant 商人
giant 巨人
immigrant 移民
assistant 助手
ancestor n.祖先
5. individual [ nd v d u l]
(1) A teacher can’t give individual attention to each student if his class is large.
(2) The contribution is open to both teams and individuals.
(3) individually adv.分别地，单独地，个别地
(4) collective adj. 集体的
adj.单独的,个别的
n.个人
【活学活用】
① She's grown into quite ______ individual.
② We'd better go in a group, not __________ (individual).
③ Like many __________________, she can be very bad-tempered. 像许多富有创造力的人一样，她的脾气有时会很不好。
(4) 他们等待团体做出决定而不是各自做出决定。
They wait for group to decide rather than make ________ decisions.
individual
an
individually
creative individuals
6.hold on
(1)（在困境或危险中）坚持住,挺住
They managed to ________ until help arrived.他们设法坚持到救援的到来。
（电话用语）别挂断，等一下
Can you hold on I’ll see if he is here.
翻译：______________________________
（3）抓紧，不放开（后接to sth.,）
Hold on ____my hand when crossing the road.
hold on
to
Hold on please, wait a minute
7. kingdom [ k d m ]: n. 王国;领域
king: 国王 queen: 女王; 王后
prince:王子; 王孙; 亲王 princess:公主; 王妃
emperor 皇帝 empire 帝国
8. chief [t i f]: adj. 最重要的;最高级别的(main/major)
n. (公司或机构的)首领; 酋长(复数: chiefs)
the chief engineer/architect 总工程师/建筑师
the chief problem/reason 主要问题/原因(理由)
CEO = Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官；总裁
CFO = Chief Financial Officer 财务总监
chef　厨师，主厨 （pl. chefs)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.Everything was perfect for the picnic________(除了) the weather.
2.I wouldn’t have accepted anything __________（除了）a job in Europe.
3._________（除了）working as a doctor，he also writes novels in his spare time.
apart from 除......之外（即可包括也可不包括）
except(for)
except
Besides
(1) puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索
(2) a puzzle to sb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情
(3) puzzling adj． 令人迷惑的
puzzled adj． 迷惑不解的；困惑的
be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
(4) puzzlement n. 迷惑；困惑
9. puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问;vt.迷惑；使困惑
①When the little girl was asked such a _______ question, she stood there with a ______ look on her face.(puzzle)
②She lost heart since she failed the exam，because her future was ______ (puzzle)．
③People have long puzzled _________ how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.
④Some people are puzzled ________ the fact that he is still single.
⑤ _________________（使我困惑的是）is that I don’t know the exact time for the test.
puzzling　
puzzled　
puzzling　
over/about　
单句语法填空
about
What puzzles me
[温馨提示]
puzzled, confused, frightened, excited, surprised等状态类过去分词作形容词，用来修饰说明人时，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look, voice, smile, expression, face等。
join...to... 把……和……连接或联结起来
Every individual or group is joined to the world by the Internet.
每一个个人或团体都通过互联网与世界相连。 ［词汇复现］
【归纳拓展】
connect...to/with/and... 把……与……连接起来（具体含义）
join in 参加；加入
join sb. in doing sth. 和某人一起做某事
The engineer connected my computer with the others.
All the family join me in wishing you a happy future.
所有的家人同我一道祝你未来幸福。
10. join...to.... 把A和B连接起来；联合
单句语法填空
(1) The island is joined 　　 the mainland by a bridge.
(2) In the evening there was a barbecue，with the whole village ______　　　　　（join）in the fun.
(3) Do you know how many of them joined 　　　 the research project
(4) 将一段管子与相邻的管子连接起来。
　　　 one section of pipe 　　　 the next.
to
joining
in　
Join
to
break into 强行闯入；忽然开始(大笑、唱歌、欢呼等)
break in 强行进入；打断；插嘴
break out (战争等)突然发生，爆发
break up 分解；打碎；破裂；分手
break down 发生故障；垮掉；失败；失控崩溃
【误区警示】
break away 中的 away 是副词，如果后接宾语则要再加介词 from，构成短语 break away from（从……中脱离）。
11．break away(from sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱
①If you go on working like that, you will _____________ sooner or later.
②A fire ___________ in this hotel last night and three people were killed.
③With so many problems unsettled, a few countries wanted to ___________________ the Union.
④In my opinion，marriage based on money is likely to ______________.
5. She longed to _____________ on their conversation but didn't want to appear rude.
6. The elephant _______________ the wheat fields and did much damage.
7. If your car __________________, just sit tight and wait for the police to come along.
break down　
broke out　
break away from　
break up　
用break的相关短语填空
break in
broke into
breaks down
6 belong to vt. 使受伤；损害
（1）属于（某人）
The soccer ball belongs to Dan. 这个足球是丹的。
（2）是（俱乐部、组织等）的成员
He belongs to the badminton club.他是羽毛球俱乐部的成员。
（3）是（某族类或纲目）的一部分，属于
Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.
狮子和老虎属于猫科。
belong vi.应在(某处)；适应
12．belong to 属于
(1) beinging n. 归属
(2) belongings n.（pl.）所有物；财产，财物（表达此意时必须用复数）
belong to中的to是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，形式为“...belonging to”。后接名词或代词宾格,不与名词性物主代词(如mine, hers, his, yours等)连用。表示“某东西属于某人”用sth belong to sb,而不用sth belong to sb's。
【误区警示】
（1） belong to 既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。
这辆自行车是我的。
This bike belongs to me. （√）
This bike is belonged to me. （×）
This bike is belonging to me. （×）
（2） to 是介词，后面可跟名词或代词作宾语。
（3）可用 belong to 的现在分词形式作后置定语。
The apartment belonging to me is in the center of the city.
属于我的那套公寓位于市中心。
1. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ________________　　　　　　　　　（属于）the well-educated.
2. He was upset that the valuable watch 　　　　　　　　　___（属于他的）was lost yesterday.
3.　　　　　　 　　______（他们参加同一个象棋俱乐部）.
4.As an author，he really belongs 　　　　the 18th century.
5. I don’t know 　　　　whom this computer belongs.
6.The old house ____________（belong）to my grandfather was still in good condition.
（7） I just escaped from the flood and all my 　　　　　_____（belong）were swept away.
belongs to　
belonging to him
They belong to the same chess class.　
to
to
belonging
belongings
①那些书是图书馆的，但这本是我自己的。
Those books __________ the library but this is my own.
②任何人都没有权力占有属于国家的土地。
Anyone has no right to take the land ______________ the state as their own.
3. 我将珍惜属于我的一切。
I will treasure everything______________________ me.(that引导定语从句)
→I will treasure everything _________________me. (-ing短语作后置定语)
belong to　
belonging to　
完成句子
that belongs to
belonging to
13．defence [d fens ] n．防御；保卫
(1)in defence 保卫，防守
in defence of...为了保卫……
in sb.’s defence 为某人辩护
the Department of Defense: 国防部
(2)defend v．防御，保护；辩解，辩白
defend sb./sth. from /against...保卫……免于……
defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩解
(3)defensive adj.防御的，保护的，保卫的
①The strong walls of the castle served as a good _______ (defend) against the attackers.
②A soldier's duty is __________________________________ the enemies. 士兵的职责是保卫祖国不受敌人侵袭。
③He has hired a lawyer ________ (defend) himself against his action.
④It was the soldiers who shouldered the entire responsibility of ______________ (defend) our country.
5. The dam was built to defend the road from _____________ (wash) away by the sea.
6. All the soldiers who died ________________ our country should be honoured.
defence　
to defend the country against/from　
to defend　
defending　
being washed
in defence of
14. as well as 除……之外;和;也;还
①Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week．
艾米，_____她的哥哥们，上周回到村子的时候受到了热烈欢迎。
②We're repairing the roof as well as painting the walls．
我们正在修屋顶，____粉刷墙壁。
③Few guitarists can sing as well as they can play; Eddie, however, is an exception．
很少有吉他手唱歌能___弹吉他_______，然而埃迪是个例外。
也在
像
还有
①还
一样好
②也
③同（一样好）
连接两个名词作主语时，“就远原则”
连接两个谓语动词时，时态保持一致
[总结归纳]
① as well as 做连词可连接两个平行结构。连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词与其前面的名词或代词保持一致，即谓语动词遵循就远原则: 常见的词汇有：with, along with, together with, besides, rather than, including, in addition to.
② as well as 位于句首, 做介词后接动词时,要用动名词形式，意为“另外”。
③ as well as 可用于同级比较，意为“和......一样好” 。
14.as well as
注意：
1. as well as前后连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，翻译时先翻译后面再翻译前面。
Living things need air and sunshine as well as water.
生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。
2.A as well as B 强调A， 可与not only...but also...替换。即是 not only B but also A, 且遵循就近一致原则。
【活学活用】
(1) Lily as well as her parents____(be) very fond of classical music.
(2) We are painting the walls as well as ________ (repair) the roof.
(3) Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ (give) a warm welcome
when returning to the village last week.
(4) The famous musician, as well as his students, __________ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony last month.
(5) As well as _______ (worry) about the expense, advertisers must consider which media are most appropriate for their product.
（6）阅读可以拓宽我们的视野，还可以提高我们的写作能力。
is
repairing
was given
was invited
worrying
Reading can broaden our horizons as well as improve our writing skills．
●完成句子
to do the housework as well as look after the
children
④ You can't expect her ___________________________________
_______. 你不可能指望她既照看孩子又做家务。
⑤ Students should not only do their schoolwork,but also pursue their
own interests. (用as well as改写) →
Students should _______________________________________
pursue their own interests, as well as do their schoolwork
6. 他不但种花，而且种菜。(一句多译）
He grows vegetables _________ flowers.
He grows ________ vegetables _________ flowers.
as well as
not only
but also
14. as well as
(2) as well “除……之外；也；还”，常位于肯定句句末，无需用逗号与句子分开；
(3)may/might as well do sth. 只好做某事；做某事倒也无妨
① I can speak English and French _____ well.
② Now that you have a good chance, you may/might ____ well make full use of it.
as
as
15 currency [ k r nsi ] 货币；通币
paper currency 纸币
(pl.) currencies
16 military [ m l tri ]: adj. 军事的;军用的
military defence 军事力量
military training 军训
他们上个月军训了。
They had their military training last month.
17 legal ['li:ɡl]: adj. 法律的;合法的
legally: adv. 法律上;合法地
illegal [ li:gl]: adj. 不合法的;违法的
illegally: adv. 不法地
law: n. 法律
【in- im- un- dis- -less il-】
18．surround [s ra nd ]vt.围绕；包围
(1) surround...with/by... ……包围……
be surrounded by/ with... 被……包围
(2) surrounding adj.周围的
surrounded adj.被包围的
(3) surroundings n．环境
[巩固内化]　用surround的适当形式填空
① We decided to explore the ___________ countryside.
② It’s important to study in friendly _____________.
③ When he came back to life, he found himself ___________ by enemy soldiers.
surrounding
surrounded
surroundings
句式升级
The tall building in the distance is home to my father’s company.The tall building is surrounded by a great many big trees.
→④The tall building 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is home to my father’s company.(用分词作定语改写)
→⑤The tall building ___________________________________________
________is home to my father’s company.(用定语从句改写)
surrounded by a great many big trees in the distance
which is surrounded by a great many big trees in the
distance
翻译(用surround的搭配翻译)
①四周一片漆黑，我几乎看不见任何人。
②With the crowd surrounding us, my throat was tightening
(紧) as if a rock was stuck in it and couldn’t utter(=speak) a word.
Surrounded by total blackness, I could hardly see anyone.
有一群人围着我们，我的喉咙发紧，好像有一块石头卡在里面，一句话也说不出来。
20 location [l ke n ] n. 地方；地点；位置
【词语积累】
（1）locate vt. 坐落于；位于；找出……的位置
locate Berlin on the map
（2）located adj. 处于；位于；坐落在
be located in=be situated in=lie in位于
1. ________（locate）where the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
2. Mount Huang ___________（位于）Anhui Province.
3. It is a suitable for a new airport.
Located
is located in
location
21.nearby [ n ba ]: adv. 在附近
adj. 附近的;邻近的(常在名词前)
1)In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.
2)Her mother lives in a nearby town.
=Her mother lives in a town nearby.
3)Though they all live nearby, they don’t know each other.
22. evidence['ev d ns] n. 证据；证明
(1) There is some/no evidence that... 有/没有证据表明......
in evidence 显眼；显而易见
(2) evident adj. 明显的
It is evident that... 很明显... ...
evidently adv.显然；明显地
(1) There’s some evidence outdoor activities are good for us.
(2) At present we have no (evident) of life on other planets.
(3) Poverty is much evidence in the city slums.
(4) is evident that his house was completely destroyed in the earthquake.
that
evidence
in
It
23. achievement [ 't i:vm nt] n. [C] 成就；成绩；达到
(1) a sense of achievement 成就感
(2) achieve vt. 完成；达到; vi. 成功
achieve one’s success 获得成功
achieve one’s goal 达到目标
(1) That surely gave us a great _________________.
那无疑给了我们很大的成就感。
(2) It takes hard work to .
要取得最终的成功需要努力工作。
(3) She hoped to to become a singer.
她希望实现自己的目标，成为一名歌手。
sense of achievement
achieve the final success
achieve her goal
24 charge [t ɑ:d ]: v. 收费; 指控; 主管;充电; n. 主管; 收费;指控
free of charge: 免费
charge sth 收费...
charge (sb) for...（向）收...的费用
take charge of…: 负责; 主管
be in charge of…: 负责…; 主管…
be in the charge of…: 由…负责/主管
v. n.收费，要价
get charged: 受指控;充电
charge sb with…: 指控= accuse sb of sth
v.n控告，指控
n. 掌管，负责
易错
(1)in charge of sth.：“(某人)负责,掌管”,表示主动;
in the charge of sb./in sb.'s charge：“(某事)由某人负责”表被动
类似短语有: in possession of意为“占有”,表示主动; [p ze n]
in the possession of意 为“被……占有”,表示被动
in control of意为“管理,控制”,表示主动;
in the control of意为“由……管理/控制”,表示被动
[巩固内化]　用charge的适当形式填空，并翻译其意思
① We can arrange this for a small ______. _________
② Before use, the battery must be _________. ________
③ The company used to be in his direct ________. ______
④ They have the evidence _________ him. _____________
[衔接写作] 补全句子
①We won't _______________ delivery. 我们送货不收费。
②She ______________ driving under the influence. 她被控酒后驾驶。
③The leaflet is available _____________ from post offices.
宣传单可以到邮局免费领取。
charge
要价，收费
充电
charge
主管
to charge
charged
指控，起诉
charge you for
was charged with
free of charge
一句多译
几年前，巴克里尔接管了该公司。
①A few years ago Bacryl ______________ the company.
②A few years ago Bacryl was ___________ the company.
③ A few years ago the company was _______________Bacryl .
[衔接高考]　
①(2020·天津第一次)Suppose you are _____ charge of the Shy and Mighty Society, what will you do to help other shy people
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ参赛短文)My English teacher, who has been teaching for twenty years, is _____________ the school work.
我的英语老师负责学校的工作,他已经教了二十年书了。
took charge of
in charge of
in
in the charge of
in charge of
(1)The hotel this room.
这家旅馆的这个房间每天收费200元。
(2) The police stealing the jewels.
警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。
(3)The company was badly organized before she it.
在她掌管前，这家公司管理很差。
(4)The company is Tom when the boss is away.当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。
=Tom is the company when the boss is away.
charges 200 yuan a day for
charged the thief with
in the charge of
in charge of
took charge of
25. announce [ 'na ns] vt. 宣布；通知；声称
(1) announce sth to sb=announce to sb sth 向某人宣布某事
announce that... 宣布... ...;通知... ...
=It is/was announced that... 据宣布 ... ...
(2) announcement n. 通知；通告
make an announcement 宣布；下通知
(3)announcer n. 广播员；播音员
1. He said the lucky woman and the trip will be shared online. 他说这位幸运的女士将在网站上公布出来，整个旅行也会在线分享。
2. One day with a basket of vegetables, he ____________ he was going to cook a delicious dish.
一天他带着一篮子的蔬菜，向我们宣布他将烹饪一道佳肴。
3. At the end of the meeting, it an agreement had been reached.会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。
would be announced
announced that
was announced that
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空　
①The government has announced plans_____ create one million new training places.
②Sir Robert made his _______________(announce) after talks with the President.
[衔接高考]
①(2017.全国ⅠII). He said the 60 woman will _____________ (announce) on the website and the trip will be shared online.
②(2022.全国II)First __________(announce) in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.
to
announcement
announced
be announced
26.amount n.金额;数量
（1）a large amount of =large amounts of 大量;许多（+不可数n）
做主语谓语动词单复数：
a large amount of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语用单数；
large amounts of +不可数名词”作主语时,谓语用复数
即作主语时谓语动词的单复数与amount的单复数有关，与of后面的名词无关
（2）amount to 合计，等于，相当于
His earnings are said to amount to 300 000 per annum.
据说他每年的酬金高达30万英镑。
（3）the amount of... ...的数量 （做主语谓语动词用单数）
1.With more forests being destroyed, a large amount of good earth _____ (be) being washed away each year.
2. There ____ (be) large amounts of valuable information about the Olympic Games.
3. To my disappointment, a large amount of money ____________
(waste) so far.
4. A number of high buildings _________ (arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
5. The total collection last week amounted ______ 250.
is
are
has been wasted
have arisen
to
approach
v.
n.
approach sb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物
approach the problem 处理问题
approach sb. about sth. 与某人商量某事
(an) approach to (doing) sth. 做某事的方法/途径 （mean/method/way)
with the approach of = with + n.+ approaching 随着…临近
27.approach[ pr t ] n．方法；途径；接近；
vt.接近；接洽；着手处理；vi.靠近
an approach to (doing) sth.
a way of doing/to do sth.…
by means of…
With the method of…
approachable adj. 可接近的；友好的
[巩固内化] 用approach的适当形式填空,并翻译其意思
①As I __________ the house, I noticed a light on upstairs. ________
②In my view，the best ________ to working out is to go jogging every day. _____________
③ The Bank has __________ the issue in a practical way. _______
[衔接写作]
①一句多译: 随着春天的来临,花园里的花一夜之间焕发了生机。
________________________, the flowers in the garden are coming to life overnight. (as引导的状语从句）
__________________________, the flowers in the garden are coming to life overnight. （
__________________________, the flowers in the garden are coming to life overnight.
approached
As spring is approaching
approach
approached
At the approach of spring
走近;靠近
方法; 途径
着手处理
With spring approaching
[衔接高考]
①(2019·北京)She also ___________(approach) dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.
②(2020·浙江)I couldn’t see Don, but as I ___________ (approach) the tractor (拖拉机)he jumped out onto the road, apparently unhurt, and dashed back to me.
③(2022·北京)The result—_____ approach known as systems thinking—is now seen as essential in meeting global challen.
approached
approached
an
28. ensure [ n (r)]vt.保证；确保；担保（=make sure）
单句语法填空
（1） I can’t 　　　__（sure）that he will be there on time.
完成句子
（2） Please 　　　　　（确保）all the windows are closed. The storm is approaching.
（3）The police’s duty is to 　　　　　　　　　　（确保……的安全）citizens.
ensure
make sure
ensure the safety of
前缀en-
encourage
enlarge
endanger
enable
enchain
后缀-en
deepen darken
broaden soften
widen weaken
strengthen frighten
lengthen heighten
29.generous['d en r s] adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
①be generous
②It is generous of sb. to do sth.
to sb.
对某人很慷慨
with sth.
in (doing) sth.
在某方面很慷慨
乐于做某事
某人做某事真是慷慨
派生 n. generosity adv. generously
People present were impressed by his ____________ (generous).
generosity
①(广东卷写作）She herself lived a simple or rather poor life but she was so generous ________ the people in need of help.
②（2019.浙江卷阅读）While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show __________(generous)and sympathy.
③他因慷慨解囊而得到好名声。
He got a fine fame for _________________________his money to help others.
to
generosity
being generous with
30.eager [ i:g ] adj.热切的;渴望的
be eager for...急于得到……= long for sth
be eager to do sth渴望做某事 = long to do sth
be eager that...热切希望……
(从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略)
e.g.He was eager to communicate his ideas to the group.
他急于把他的想法传达给小组。
派生 eagerly adv.急切地;渴望地;热心地
eagerness n.渴望;热
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空　
①Everyone in the class seemed eager ________ (learn).
②We listened ________(eager), for he brought news of our families. 　　　
③They were eager ______ a second bite of the cherry.
④I couldn't hide my __________ (eager) to get back home.
to learn
for
eagerness
eagerly
[衔接高考]
①(2016.浙江高考)Each week I _________(eager) counted my growing saving increased by extra work here and there
②(2021.全国I) As she was leaving she was eager _____ (say) goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
to say
eagerly
31. greet vt. 问候；迎候
(1) greet sb. 迎接/问候某人
greet sb. with... 用......迎接某人
be greeted with/by sth. 对某事做出某种反应
(2) greeting n. 问候；招呼；祝贺
①He ________________ warmly as they arrived.
客人到达时他都热情接待。
②They and sat down to lunch.
他们相互致意后便坐下吃午饭。
③He his teacher “good morning”.
他向老师说了句早安。
greeted them
greeted each other
greeted
with
32 position [p z n] n. 位置；姿态；职位；处境，状况
sitting/standing/lying position 坐姿 / 站姿 / 卧姿
They are now in a better position where they can be very successful this year. 他们现在处于一个较好的境况中，今年他们可能会很成功。
【误区警示】
当 position，situation，point，case，stage 等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词且关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句常用 where 引导。
(1) We were put in a position 　　　　 we had to either accept we were less important，or fight the government.
（3）I have reached a point in my life 　　　　 I am supposed to make up my mind.
where
where
33.custom [ k st m ] n. 风俗；习惯；习俗
(1) It’s the custom (for sb.) to do sth.
（对某人来说）做某事是一种习俗
a local custom 当地的风俗习惯
(2) customs n.海关；关税
a customs officer 海关官员
customer n. 顾客;主顾
34.poet [ p t]: n. 诗人
poem [ p m]: n. 诗;诗歌(可数名词)
poetry [ p tri]: n.诗集; 诗歌; 诗作(不可数名词)
35.feast [fi st ]: n. 盛宴;宴会;节日(宗教节日)
holiday: n.假期; 假日;
节日(尤指宗教节日或国家庆典日)
festival: n. 节; 节日
vacation: n. 假期
35 cattle [ k tl ]: n. 牛(牛的总称)(集合名词)
注：cattle: 集合名词,前面不能加 a,词尾也不可加s。常和many, these, those, the等连用。 用作主语时,句子的谓语动词多用复数。
a head of cattle: 一头牛
eighty head of cattle:
80头牛
cow: n. 母牛; 奶牛
ox: 公牛 (复数: oxen)
bull: 公牛
36 fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的
=attractive, charming, magnetic
fascinate vt. 深深吸引，迷住....
37 scent [sent]: n. 气味;气息
smell: n. 气味; 臭味; v. 闻; 嗅; 闻起臭
38 sensory [ sens ri ]: adj. 感觉的;感官的
sensory organs: 感觉器官
sense: n. 感官(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)
the sense of sight/ smell/hearing/touch/ taste:
视觉/嗅觉/听觉/触觉/味觉
39. striking [ stra k ]: adj. 引人注目的;显著的
strike [stra k] :n. ＆v. 罢工; 侵袭; 重创; 打; 碰撞; 打动; 敲钟; (钟)打点/报时
(strike -- struck --- struck/stricken)
1)A striking image. 引人注目的形象
2)There is a striking difference between Tom and Peter.
40.crowd [kra d]n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使…拥挤
a crowd of /crowds of 一群; 许多
crowd into… 挤进
crowd in (on sb) …涌上(某人心头); 涌入(某人的脑海)
be crowded with 充满;挤满 =be full of
派生 crowded adj. 拥挤的
e.g.The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me.
我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。
[巩固内化]　单句语法填空
① The crowd crowded _____ the stadium which was crowded _____ audience.
② A crowd _____ people were waiting for the bus when the accident happened.
③ He led me through the _________ (crowd) shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it.
④ The hungry refugees crowded _____________ the tractors.
into
of
crowded
with
around/round
41.keep one’s eyes open 睁大眼睛，留心，注意
keep an eye on 照看，照管，留心注意
have an eye for 对……有判断力/鉴赏力
catch sb’s eye 吸引某人的注意
【翻译】如果你留心点，你能学到很多。
If you keep your eyes open, you can learn a great deal.
tThank you!
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Every day, the sun rises, ____________(announce) the beginning of a new day.
2．At the meeting they discussed three different approaches ____ the study of mathematics.
3．All of the villagers were fighting against the flood in defence ____ their own homes.
4．____________ (surround) by rows of trees，our school stands out from all the other buildings.
announcing　
to　
of　
Surrounded　
5．In order to prove that he is innocent, some new __________ (evident) is needed.
6．Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her great ____________ (achieve)．
7．In __________ (strike) contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent and charming.
8．Children under sixteen are not _________(legal) allowed to buy cigarettes.
evidence　
achievements　
striking　
legally　
9．I’d like to express my gratitude to you for your ____________ (generous) during my stay there.
10．How many adults，who complain about the long drives to work, _________ (eager) drove for hours at a time when they first got the licenses
generosity　
eagerly　
写准并记牢
拓展词汇—我会变
1．individual adj.单独的；个别的 n．个人→ ______________ adv.分别地； 单独地；个别地
2．chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长→ _________ adv.主要地； 首要地
3．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→ _________ adj.迷惑的→ __________ adj.令人迷惑的
individually　
chiefly　
puzzled　
puzzling　
写准并记牢
4．belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→ ____________ n．财产，所有物；行李
5．defence n．防御；保卫→ ________ vt.防护；防卫
6．legal adj.法律的；合法的→ _________ adv.合法地→ ___________ adv.违法地；非法地→ _________ adj.非法的
7．surround vt.围绕；包围→ _____________ adj.周围的
→ ______________ n．环境
8．evidence n．证据；证明→ _________ adj.明显的
belongings　
defend　
legally　
illegally　
illegal　
surrounding　
surroundings　
evident　
(1)The hotel this room.
这家旅馆的这个房间每天收费200元。
(2) The police stealing the jewels.
警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。
(3)The company was badly organized before she it.
在她掌管前，这家公司管理很差。
(4)The company is Tom when the boss is away.当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。
=Tom is the company when the boss is away.
charges 200 yuan a day for
charged the thief with
in the charge of
in charge of
took charge of
写准并记牢
9．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→ _________ vt.完成；达到
10．location n．地方；地点；位置→ _________ adj.位于→ ________ vt.使坐落于vi.定位；定居
11．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→ ______________ n．声明；宣告→ ___________ n．广播员，告知者
12．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→ ____________ adv.慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地→ ____________ n．慷慨
achieve　
located　
locate　
announcement　
announcer　
generously　
generosity　
26.quantity n.数量
（1）a quantity of 大量;许多（+不可数名词/可数名词）
做主语谓语动词单复数：
a quantity of+不可数名词/可数名词单数”作主语时,谓语用单数；
a quantity of+可数名词（复数）”作主语时,谓语用复数
即作主语时谓语动词的单复数与quantity后面的名词的单复数有关
（2）quantities of 大量;许多，当其做主语时，谓语一律用复数
E.g. Large quantities of the oil were spilling into the sea.
单句填空
①A large quantity of beer 　　　sold out
②A large quantity of blouses were 　　　on sale
③Large quantities of rice 　　　　　been destroyed in the flood
was　
were　
have