(共43张PPT)
英语冠词用法总结口诀解读及专项练习
教学目标
1、能够理解主谓一致的概念及分类。
2、能够记住主谓一致的基本用法。
3、能够利用主谓一致的的用法口诀做各种题型的题目。
4、在实际生活中能够用所学的语言进行交际。
5、通过综合复习，让学生体验到成功的喜悦感，增强学好英语的
信心。
课堂导入
主谓一致用法口诀快板演唱
课堂导入
你唱我唱大家唱
主谓一致用法
口诀快板演唱伴奏
新知讲解
主谓一致简述
主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致，语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（一）
口诀：集体名词有若干，家(庭)政(府)军(队)团(集团)众(听众)队班，
强调成员为复数 ，个体复数整体单。
解读：集体名词：family(家庭), government(政府)、army(军队)、group(集
团)、audience(听众)、team(队),class(班), 等集体名词用法：
若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考指里面的成员（指家人、队员、班级同
学）,表示复数意义。如：His family are all waiting for him.他的一家
人都在等他.
His family is very big。
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（二）
口诀：有些名词无单数，人警牲畜即这般。
解读：集体名词police(警察)、cattle(牲畜)、 people(人) 等集体名词
，单数形式表示复数意义，没有单数意义，作复数用。不能说 a
people，a police，a cattle( people的复数形式peoples通常指“多
个民族” ） 。
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（三）
口诀：眼镜裤子和衣服，两部构成不是单。
解读：表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜) trousers（裤子）, clothes（衣服）为复数。若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双); suit(套)。例： a pair of glasses; two pairs of glasses ；a suit of clothes，这时谓语动词根据量词的变化来定复数还是单数
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（四）
口诀：姓复数前加定冠，某人一家复数变；
解读：
姓氏复数前加the，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”，做复数用。例如：
the greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩。
The Turners are going home on a train. 特纳夫妇在回家的火车上
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（五）
口诀：形前加定（冠词）名词化，某一类人复数现；
解读：用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人，做复数用。例如:the blind盲人the rich富人 the poor穷人 the sick病人 the old老人，the young年轻人，the dead死人。
The old need to be helped by the young.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（六）
口诀：and连接两名词，一冠兼职数为单。
and连接两名词，各有各冠两人算。
解读：the doctor and teacher 那个医生且老师，即同一个人有两个身份（兼职）,用做单数。
the doctor and the teacher 那个医生和那个老师，两个人,用做复数。
The doctor and teacher is going to Shanghai.
The doctor and the teacher are going to Shanghai.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（七）
口诀：时重距离与金钱，再多也要看作单。
解读：时间、重量、距离、金钱
There is 1000 yuan
1000 meters is long.
Twenty years is a short time.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（八）
口诀：-s结尾的海峡群岛山脉，谓语用复勿用单。
解读：以 -s结尾的海峡群岛山脉，谓语用复数。
The Himalayas are very famous in the world.喜马拉雅山脉举世闻名
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（九）
口诀：量词用法不一般，谓语要随量词变
解读：不可数名词不能直接用数量来表达，它们要表达数量的时候，需要借助另外一个表示数量的名词，这时谓语动词要根据量词的数量来定。
There is a pair of glasses on the desk.
There are two pairs of glasses on the desk.
A suit of trousers costs him forty yuan .
There are three pieces of meat on the table.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十）
口诀：主语单数后介短，当做单数介无关。
解读：主语如果是单数，后加介词短语，仍做单数用，与介词短语没有关系。
区别：Tom with his father goes shopping every day.
Tom goes shopping with his father every day.
Tom and his father go shopping everyday.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十一）
口诀：关系代词定主语，根据先行词判断。
解读：定语从句中，关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
例如：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you
他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语，先行词the man 为单数）
Are they the men who/that want to see you
他们就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语，先行词the men 为单数）
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十二）
口诀：不定式、动名词，主语从句全是单。
解读：不定式、动名词，主语从句在做主语时，都做单数用。
To study hard is a student’s duty.
It takes me half an hour to go to school by bus.
Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes.
What he did makes me happy.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十三）
口诀：Either---or，neither --- nor,靠近原则嘴边靠。
there be （not only）---but also，靠近原则挂嘴边。
解读：Either---or，neither --- nor,not only---but also，在连接主语时，谓语动词要和or、nor、but also 后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。there be结构中的助动词要和后面跟的物在数上保持一致，即靠近原则。
Either they or Sam is going to Shanghai next Sunday.=Either Sam or they are going to Shanghai next Sunday
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.学生和老师都不知道这事.
Neither the teacher nor the students know anything about it.老师和学生都不知道这事..
Not only you but also he needs this book.不但你需要这本书，而且他也需要。
Not only the students but(also) the teacher is active in sports and games.
Not only the teacher but(also) the students are active in sports and games.
区别：Both New York and London have traffic problems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题（两主语之和）.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十四）
口诀：the rest，of，表剩余，of介宾定复、单
解读：至于the rest 的谓语用三人称单数形式还是复数形式，要根据 the rest 所指代的或者所形容的物体是单数还是复数来确定。
如果 the rest 指代的或者形容的物体是复数，那么后面的谓语就应该使用复数形式。
例句：Two thirds of the students will go home during the summer vacation and the rest are going to travel.
如果the rest 指代的或者形容的物体是单数或者不可数名词，那么后面的谓语就应该使用三人称单数形式。
例句：Most water was sent to wash the car and the rest was used to drink.（大部分水被送去洗车了，剩下的用来喝。）
the rest 后接续名词或代词，表示余下的（其它/他的）意思，动词的单复数形式取决于the rest 所指代的名词或代词是可数还是不可数。
Some persons are planting trees, and the rest are watering them.(the rest 指的是the other persons，谓语用复数.)
I drank only a little of the wine.the rest was drunk by him.(指的是the wine。wine,不可数，谓语用单数.)。
。
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十五）
口诀：all ，most，some，half，percent，of介宾定答案，
the rest of，表剩余，of介宾定复、单。
解读：all ，most，some，half，percent，the rest等词语，后跟介词of再接名词，若该名词为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式，若该名词为不可数名词或可数名词的单数形式，则谓语动词用单数形式。
The rest of the money is for the old.
The rest of us were silent.
The rest of the country is desert.
The rest of the machine was sent ahead by air.
All of the student have been to Beijing.
Most of the time was spent on it.
Half of the building was destroyed in the fire,
Half of the money was spent on food.
30 percent of the workers here are women.
30 percent of the wall has been painted.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十九）
口诀：each，every后单名，谓语动词只用单。
解读：each可作代词和形容词,而every只能用作形容词,如可以说each of these dictionaries或each one of these dictionaries,
,不能说every of these dictionaries ,但可以说every of these dictionaries ,
each指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”;every指三个或三个以上中间的每一个。Each指若干数目中的每一个，而every指任何一个。
1.each作为形容词，修饰单数名词，接单数动词。作为代词，单独使用，接单数动词; eachof后接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词通常用单数，表示的是在整体中的每个，放在复数名词和代词后作同位语，接复数动词。
Each carries his own bag. (代词)各人背自己的包。
Each has his good point.
Each girl sitting there is my student.
Each man carries his own bag. (修饰单数名词)各人背自己的包。
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十六）
口诀：None，表可数，谓语动词可复、单，None ，不可数，谓语动词只能单，
None of，of限，of介宾定复、单，
解读：用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数，若指可数名词，则谓语可用单数(较正式)也可用复数(用于非正式文体，但更符合惯用法)。如：
None of the food was left. 一点食物都没留下。
None of the books is [are] interesting. 没有一本书有趣。
None of his friends has【have】 seen his house. 他的朋友中没有任何人见过他的房子。
None of the money has been spent. 这笔钱一点儿也没花。
None of the students have/has made mistakes this time. 这次没有一个学生犯错误。
None of us is/are interested in your new subject. 我们中没人对你的新课题感兴趣。
None of the stories are/is intersting. 没有一个故事有趣味。
None have/has noticed this. 没人注意到这个情况。（none 指人，不可能指物）
Jimmy took away all the books. None were/was left.吉米 拿走了所有的书，一本也没剩下。（none 指可数的物）
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十七）
口诀：Nobody 和No one ，不跟of谓语单。
解读：没人，没有人 ，只指人，后面不跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词只有单数形式。
Nobody is perfectable没有人是完美的。作主语谓语动词后用单数！
No one knows.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（十十八）
口诀：No 跟名词，作主语，根据名词来判断。
解读：no在句子中用作形容词“没有的”的时候, 后面是可数名词的单数或者不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；后面是可数名词的复数，谓语动词用复数形式。no后面需要名词单数还是复数，需要根据具体的语境来确定。
no 相当于not a / an ,后面跟名词单数,谓语动词用单数形式。
1.There is no book onthedesk== There is no t a book on the desk.
There is no apple for lunch .== There is not an apple for lunch .
2、no 相当于not any ,后面跟名词复数,谓语动词用复数数形式。
3、no 相当于not any ,后面跟不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。
4、No news is good news.
No boy at the school had ever seen the sea．学校里没有一个孩子曾看过大海.
No decisions have been made.
新知讲解
We each have our own office. (作We的同位语)我们各有各的办公室。
We each have our opinions. 我们各有自己的意见
Our teachers,each have a strong sense of responsibility（强烈的的责任感） for teaching us。
Each student has his own dictionary.
The students each have a desk.
Each of them are/is here. (代词)他们每个人都在这儿。
2. every有“每个”的意思，后面直接加名词的单数形式。当every和数字连用时，后面接复数名词。
everyone后通常不接of引起的短语；every one常与of引起的短语连用，用以加强语气。
everyone与every one的区别：
(1)everyone：everybody是代词，是“每个人；人人；大家”的意思,不指具体哪一个人，作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。如：
Everyone is here．
谁都可以做此事。
(2)everyone只能指人，不能指物；every one既可指人，也可指物。如：
Every one／everyone in our class likes playing football．
我们班人人喜欢踢足球。
(3)every one可以和of连用构成短语，而everyone则不能。如：
Every one of us is getting ready for the exam．
我们每个人都在为考试做准备。
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（二十）
口诀：Either，两者一，不假思索谓语单，
解读：either 用作代词时,意为“两者中的任何一个”,在句中可作主语和宾语.either 在句中用作主语时,谓语动词应为单数形式.例如:
Either (of the books) is popular with the students.
（两本书）随便哪一本都受到同学们的欢迎。（主语）Either of them can do the work. 他们两人中谁都能做这工作.
Either of the students does well in their studies. 两个学生中,无论是谁学习都不错.
—Do you like the two books 你喜欢这两本书吗
—No, I don’t like either. 不,哪一本我都不喜欢.
补充（）二 either 用作形容词时,意为“两者中任何一个的”“两边中任何一边的”,作前置定语用.
Either book is popular with the students.
He saw two films, but he didn’t like either one very much. 他看了两部电影,但哪一部他也不太喜欢.
On either side of the river there are some small factories. 在河的哪一边都有几座小型的工厂.
There are a lot of trees on either side of the street. 街道的两边都有许多树.
新知讲解
主谓一致用法（二十一）
口诀：Neither做代词，谓语动词只用单，
Neither形容词，谓语动词也是单，
Neither of加复数，谓语一般用作单。
解读：当neither两者中的任何一个不，在句子中作代词的时候,在句中作主语的话,谓语动词要使用单数形式;当neither在句子中作形容词的时候,在句子中起到修饰名词的作用,名词需要使用单数; neither of+名词或到此复数作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数都可以,不过现在多习惯用单数.
Neither story is true.
Neither sister/Neither of them was willing to do the cleaning.
Neither of us speaks /speak English
Neither of them knows/know me.他们两个都不认识我neither与 of连用的时，
Neither of my sisters drinks/drink coffee. 我的两稿谈个姐妹都不喝咖啡。
Neither of them depends/depend on parental financial support. 他们谁都不需要父母嫌枣的财务支持。
课堂练习
1. Each of you __ responsible(有责任的) for the accident. A. am B. be C. is D. are
2. Each man and woman ______ the same rights.
has B. have C. had D. is having
( each“每个”强调：各自（拥有），谓语用单数。)
3. Every means ______ tried but without much result.
A.has been B. have been C. are D. is
(Means，方式，方法，是单复数同形的词，谓语动词的单复数要根据means的单复数确定；因为是Every means，每种方式，所以谓语动词用单数；且根据句意，每种方式已被试过，但没有多大效果。所以用现在完成时态。选A。)
4. There ______ in this room. A. are too much furniture B. is too many furnitures
C. are too much furnitures D. is too much furniture ( furniture 不可数名词。)
5. The manager or his assistant ____ planning to go. A. were B. are C. was D. be
C
A
A
D
C
课堂练习
6. Not only I but also David and Iris ______ fond of playing basketball.
A. am B. is C. are D. was
7. Neither Tom nor his parents ______ at home.
A. is B. are C. has D. was
Either the judge or the lawvers ________ wrong. Either you or he _______ to blame. A. is; are B. are; is C. are; are D. is; is
______ was wrong.
Not the teacher but the students B. Both the students and the teacher
C. Neither the teacher not the students D. Not the students but the teacher
10. “______ twenty dollars a big sum to her ” “I suppose so.”
Will be B. Is C. Are D. Were
这是一个属于概念一致的问题，表示数目的名词应该视作单数，所以选B.Is
C
B
B
D
A
课堂练习
11. Three hours ______ enough for us to finish the task.A. are B. has C. is D. were
12. Most of his savings ______ in the Xin Hua Bank.
has been kept B. is being kept C. have kept D. have been kept
savings是一个单词，并非复数形式，所以主语是单数形式，并且句子表示被动，又因为keep做存款时，是非延续性动词，故用完成时。本句意思是：他的大部分钱都存在新华银行。
13. All that can be done ______.
has done B. has been done C. have done D. have been done
14. One or perhaps more pages _______.
is missing B. has been missed C. are missing D. was missing
并列主语由or连接时，就近原则。
15. More than one worker ______ dismissed（开除）.
A. have been B. are C. has been D. has
C
A
B
C
A
课堂练习
16. Either the headmaster or you _______ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting. A.is handing out B.are to hand out
C.are handing out D.is to hand out
17. The gas works ______ near the city. A. is B. are C. were D. be
18. The surroundings of his house ______ clean now.
is B. are C. was D. were
Surroundings 环境 ( surrounding的名词复数）
19. The committee（委员会） ___ over the problem among themselves for two hours. A.has argued B. has been arguing C. have argued D. have been arguing
20. The public ______ generous(慷慨的) in their contributions to the earthquake victims（向地震灾民捐款）.
A. is B. was C. are D. has been
B
A
B
D
C
课堂练习
21.What the sick child needs most ____ love .A.is B.are C.was D.were
22.The family ____fans of Jay Chow,whose songs all sound familiar to them. A.were B.was C.are D.is
23. Measles （麻疹）______ a kind of infectious illness（传染病）.
A. is B. are C. were D. have been
24. The Philippines（菲律宾） ______ to the south-east of Chin
A. A. lies B. lie C. lay D. lays
25. Mary is one of the girls who ______ always on time.
A. is B. am C. are D. was
A
C
A
A
C
课堂练习
26. In that country,the rich _____richer,the poor____ poorer.
A.become B.has becomes C.becomes D.is becoming
27. What caused the accident ______ on the road.
were stone B. were stones C. was stone D. was stones
28. Wisky and soda ______ his favorite drink.
is B. are C. were D. have been
29. ______ is to attend our evening.
both the singer and the dancer B. Either the singer or dancers
C. The singer or dancers D. The singer and dancer
30. The Smiths ______ their breakfast when the morning post came.
A. had B. has been having C. are having D. were having
A
D
A
D
D
课堂练习
31. No one except two students ______ the meeting.
A. has been late for B. have been late for C. was late for D. were later for
32. All but him and me ______ to the exhibition.
A. am going B. is going C. are going D. was going
33. Interest, as well as as prospects（前景）, ______ important when one looks for a job. A. are B. were C. is D. was
34. The president, accompanied（陪伴） by his assistants, ______.
have arrived B. are arriving C. had arrived D. has arrived
35. A number of cars ______ in front of the park
A. is parked B. was parked C. are parked D. has parked
C
C
C
D
C
课堂练习
36. The number of articles published on smoking ______ amazing.
A. is B. are C. were D. have been
37. Most of the doctors ______ smoking is harmful to health.
are believed B. had believed C. has believed D. believe
38. The majority of the damage（毁坏） ______ easy to repair.
is B. are C. were D. be
39.One thirdof the country_____ covered with trees and the majority(大量的) of the citizens（市民）______black people. A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is...
40. Three-fourths of the buildings ______.
A. was destroyed B. is destroyed C. were destroyed D. has been destroyed
A
D
A
A
C
课堂练习
41. Early to bed and early to rise ______ a man healthy, happy and wise.
making B. to make C. make D. makes
42. Mathematics（数学） ______ the language of science.
A. is B. has been C. are D. have been
43. The young ______ the vital forces in our society（社会的生力军）.
A. is B. has been C. are D. have been
44. Every man, woman and child ______ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world. A.knows B. know C. is known D. are known
因为前面有every.大人,小孩,什么什么中的每一个人,每一个人,就是单三了
45. None of them ______ my friends.
A. is B. are C. was D. has been
D
A
C
A
A
课堂练习
46. Neither of them ______ going to the cinem . Both of them _____ going to the cinemA. A. is are B. is is C. are was D. are is
47. All but one _____ here just now. All that I want to say ____ this.
A. was; were B. was; is B. were; is D. were; were
48. A number of students ____ gone for an outing(去郊游）. The number of the students ______ increasing year by year.
A. have; has B. is; have C. has; have D. have; is
49. Some of the oranges ______ turned bad. Some of the milk _______ turned sour (酸). A. have; has B. have; have C. has; have D. have; is
50. Each student____ got an English- Chinese dictionary. The students each ______ a dictionary. A. have; has B. has; have C. have; have D. has; has
A
B
D
A
B
课堂练习
51. There _____ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There ________ some bowls, plates and a spoon on it. A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is
52. His family ______ all very well. His family _______ a “ five good” one.
A. are; is B. is; is C. are; are D. is; are
53. My blue trousers ______ worn out. One pair of trousers ______ not enough. A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; is
54. Our League secretary and monitor ______ the lead in everything. Our League secretary and the monitor______ good friends.
A. take; are B. take; is C. takes; is D. takes; are
55. The girl as well as his parents _______ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor ______ surprised at Mary’s answer.
A. have; was B. have; were C. has; was D. has; were
A
A
D
D
D
课堂练习
56. Who _____ the girl singing in the next room Who ______ these people over there A. are; are B. are; is C. is; are D. is; is
57. Most of the students _____ boys. Most of his money _____ spent on books.
A. are; is B. is is C. are; are D. is; are
58. The policeman ______ standing at the street corner. The police _____ searching for him. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is
59. The glasses ______ mine. That pair of glasses _____ my brother’s.
are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is
60. The news at six o’clock _____ not true. Those pieces of news _____ to be broadcasteD. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is
C
A
C
A
C
课堂练习
61 Grandpa Wang and his two grandsons ______ taking a walk in the park now. Grandpa Wang, together with his two grandsons, ____ taking a walk in the park now. A. are; are B. is; are C. is; is D. are; is
62. No one but Jane ______ the secret. Nobody but Mary and I ___ in the classroom at that time.
A. know; was B. knows; was C. know; were D. knows; were
63. There _______ nothing but two looms in the hall. There _____ something wrong with the machine. A. was; is B. was; are C. were; is D. were; are
64. He is one of the boys who___never late for school. He is the only one of the boys who__ never late for school. A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is
65.Either you or the headmaster _______ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.A.is handing out B.are to hand out
C.are handing out D.is to hand out
D
B
A
C
D
主谓一致用法记忆口诀
主谓一致很重要，据主单复（数）判断妙。
集体名词有若干，家(庭)政(府)军(队)团(集团)众(听众)队班，
强调成员为复数 ，个体复数整体单。 有些名词无单数，人警牲畜即这般。
眼镜裤子和衣服，两部构成不是单。姓复数前加定冠，某人一家复数变；
形前加定（冠词）名词化，某一类人复数现；and连接两名词，一冠兼职数为单。
and连接两名词，各有各冠两人算。时重距离与金钱，再多也要看作单。
-s结尾的海岛山，谓语用复勿用单。量词用法请注意，谓语要随量词变
主语单数后介短，当做单数介无关。关系代词定主语，根据先行词判断。
不定式、动名词，主语从句全是单。Either---or，neither --- nor,靠近原则嘴边靠。
there be （not only）---but also，靠近原则挂嘴边。
all ，most，some，percent，half，of介宾定答案，
the rest of，表剩余，of介宾定复、单。None，表可数，谓语动词可复、单，
None ，不可数，谓语动词只能单，None of，of限，of介宾定复、单。
Nobody， 和No one ，不跟of谓语单。No 跟名词，作主语，根据名词来判断。
each，every后单名，谓语动词只用单,each作主语同位语，谓语动词复数现。
Either，两者一，不假思索谓语单，Neither做代词，谓语动词只用单，
Neither形容词，谓语动词也是单，Neither of加复数，谓语一般用作单。
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
兼职招聘：
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/admin
