中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
语法填空—北师大版版必修三高频考点专练（原卷版）
1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese space company has designed a machine 1． can catch waste materials left behind by spaceships in outer space with a big net.
The 30-kilogram machine, called NEO-01, 2． (make) by Origin Space last year. The company says the machine will lead the way for future technologies able to develop asteroids(小行星).
Usually, space cleanup technology lets magnets(磁铁) gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NE0-01 will use a net 3． (catch) waste and then burn it.
4． (thousand) of spaceships have been sent up worldwide. As time goes on, many end up as waste and put other operating spaceships 5． risk.
Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to send up many space telescopes and more spaceships to begin the 6． (develop) of asteroids by 2045.
7． is reported by Xinhua News that China is increasing efforts to land a spaceship on a near-Earth asteroid to collect materials. China is also 48 8． (clear) speeding up a plan to send up spaceships to stop near-Earth asteroids from 9． (harm) the Earth.
The country aims to follow other space powers such as Russia in becoming 10． main space power by 2030.
2. 语法填空
Home to the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers, the Sanjiangyuan area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) is known as "China's water tower." It is a 11． (whole) unique plateau wetland ecosystem and serves as 12． important ecological defense for the country.
Decades ago, serious environmental degradation (恶化) in Sanjiangyuan, 13． was caused by climate change and human activities, resulted in a large number of lakes drying out and wildlife numbers falling sharply. In 2016, the pilot program for the Sanjiangyuan National Park management system 14． (launch). Through painstaking practice, development and Innovation, efforts have been made 15． (turn) the park into a symbol of the progress of China's ecological civilization.
Over the past years, the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 16． (experience) comprehensive changes. Water conservation in the area has risen 17． 11 percent every year, compared with 10 years ago.
Local residents enjoy the gifts given by nature, and the 18． (establish) of the national park has enabled them to transform from exploiting (开发) nature to becoming its protectors and benefiting from it. Some work as tour guides, 19． (assist) visitors from home and abroad.
Today, as people walk on the vast land of Sanjiangyuan, looking at the expansive mountains, glaciers, lakes, and pastures, 20． catching sight of wild animals and birds, they cannot help but be impressed by the vastness and beauty of nature.
3. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Positive thinking does not mean you have to find every idea absolutely wonderful. It does mean you have to be ready to explore 21． idea and to try and bring out whatever good features it has. The next step might be to find the 22． (weak) in the idea and to try and strengthen them, rather than use them 23． (simple) as an excuse for rejecting the whole idea. Finally, after the idea has been explored, it may not 24． (use), because there is a 25． (good) one or because, it is good but not 26． (suit). There is nothing wrong with being positive about an idea at first and then rejecting it 27． (late), when you see that it won't work.
28． is easy to be negative and critical and too much talent is wasted in negative thinking. It is time that we 29． (show) less respect for this kind of destructive thinking and focused 30． positive thinking more. So remember to think positively.
4. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tuatara (鳄蜥) can only be found on the islands off the coast of New Zealand. And they are one of the 31． (old) animals in the world. They were on the earth 220 million years ago. At that time, there were a lot of tuatara all over the world, but in most 32． (place) they died out about one million years ago because other stronger animals developed and became tuatara killers. At 33． same time, New Zealand became separated from the rest of the world, so tuatara have continued to live in New Zealand.
Tuatara are cold blooded animals so they feel cold 34． you touch them. They can grow up 35． 24 centimeters in length (长度) and weigh more than 1 kilogram. Tuatara make 36． (they) homes in holes in the ground. They often share their holes with birds, which is not a good idea for the birds because tuatara are fond of 37． (eat) eggs and baby birds. In fact, they will eat anything they can catch, but 38． (usual) they eat insects (昆虫)．
The number of tuatara 39． (drop) since people and other animals came to New Zealand one thousand years ago. Today, there aren't many tuatara left. In New Zealand, programs have been set up 40． (protect) them.
5. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's easy to take your hearing for granted until it's too late.
With the wide 41． (popular) of digital entertainment products, it is not uncommon to see people wearing headphones and listening to music 42． running in the park or using public transport. And the volume is often so 43． (loudness) that people around them can hear the music as well.
However, doctors warn that such behavior can potentially damage 44． hearing. "In noisy places, people tend 45． (turn) the volume up to get the same clarity of sound. Unfortunately, that can damage the hearing 46． people being aware of it, " said Feng Yongfeng, chief ENT physician at Beijing Tian'an Hospital.
After Spring Festival, the hospital witnessed 47． slight increase in the number of teenagers coming in with hearing problems, 48． Feng attributed to them wearing headphones at home for long periods during the holiday. Feng said both in-ear and overhead headphones can harm the ears and 49． (advise) against using them for long periods. He said if you do use headphones it is worth 50． (invest) in the highest quality you can afford.
6. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
While many people have made videos to cheer on those working on the front lines of the fight since the latest COV1 D-19 outbreak in Shanghai, Chien Meishuang 51． (spend) her time in lockdown at home, painting simple heartwarming works.
The paintings are part of her Journal of the Pandemic Lockdown, 52． project she started two years ago. "We are all facing a time 53． we are trapped at home, Chien tells China Daily. "I 54． (simple) wanted to let others know that there is a silver lining amid the dark clouds. "
The Taiwan native, who lives in Shanghai, is being on the receiving end of her neighbors' kindness. 55． (document) her experience, the artist created a painting, titled Good Neighbors in China, marking the first new 56． (add) to her project this year. Other 57． (scene) shown in her latest works include delivery men having a quick lunch and her neighbors 58． (welcome) a 70-year-old man who returned from hospital after recovering from COVTD-19.
"It is because of the pandemic 59． I have made friends from all walks of life in the area where I live. These individuals have provided infinite inspiration and stories 60． my works," she adds. "As long as an artwork can touch people's hearts, I believe it is good art. It doesn't matter how simple it is. "
7. 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Poor environment is connected with poor health. Now a new public health 61． (tend) is becoming apparent: Making indoor air cleaner.
Let's take schools for example. Across Denmark, France, and Sweden, researchers found that indoor air quality in 66% of classrooms fell short 62． healthy standards. Outdoor air pollution can get inside buildings—childhood 63． (expose) can affect their physical development and academic performance, and cause cancer.
The problem extends well beyond classrooms. Many people spend more than 90% of their time 64． (stay) indoors. Spaces in buildings with poor air may cause a range of diseases—headaches, shortness of breath, coughs and discomfort of eye, nose, throat and skin. Poor air 65． (blame) for decreased productivity in the past few years.
COVID 19 has brought a new urgency to the matter 66． (great). More investment would be well spent. Better indoor air improves academic development—math 67． reading scores go up. Meanwhile pupils are 68． (attentive) in class. Poor air indoors is the 69． (forget) part when people improved public health. COVID 19 should lead policymakers to focus on the problem, 70． is of great importance for people's well being.
8. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient times, builders and 71． (architect) in Beijing relied on five colors to add life to their creations: red, yellow, blue, white, and gray. These colors were connected 72． five different elements: metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. The Chinese sage (智者) Laozi said that five colors make people blind, so in architectural art, it's suggested that no more than three main colors should 73． (use) for a design; otherwise, it would look too busy. Then red, yellow and blue gradually 74． (become) the main colors in the Forbidden City. Red, the color of fire and blood, has long been important in Chinese symbolism. Traditionally, red represents 75． (warm) and the highest amount of energy. The association of red with good fortune is the reason 76． the color red is important in weddings, New Years, and other important celebrations. Yellow is another obvious color in old Beijing, 77． (stand) for the power of the emperor. The Yellow Emperor is the mythological (神话的) forefather of the Chinese nation while archeologists find the 78． (early) examples of Chinese civilization in the Yellow River basin. The color blue symbolized heaven. 79． was discovered that blue had a unique sensitivity to light, and was the perfect color used 80． (create) copies of drawings.
9. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The official medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games 81． (display) on October 26th. The organizing committee introduced the medals-called tong xin, 82． means togetherness that day.
The medals are inspired by yu bi, a Chinese jade artifact 83． (date) back 5, 000 years. A total of five of this kind of jade have been unearthed from a tomb up to now.
Each medal 84． (have) carvings of the Olympic rings on one side. The rings represent the pursuit of unity 85． harmony, and they also represent the Olympic values of solidarity and inclusiveness. Carvings of cloud patterns, an element 86． (use) on the torch of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, snowflakes and ice markings fill the outer rings 87． other side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem at the center. Visually, it looks quite plain at first glance, while details such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven surface have made it 88． (special) than expected, according to the committee.
Gaining 89． (inspire) from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capital's unique position as the first city 90． (host) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
10. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。
David Jones Jr. loves outdoor activities. One day, he 91． (fish) when he heard screams coming from the river. Within seconds, he found a boy floating in the middle of the river. "I had that sense of urgency that I needed to drop 92． I was doing and kayaked (划皮艇) over there," said David.
93． was David's experience in law enforcement (执行) that helped him to stay calm and make the proper decision during the serious situation. He quickly saved the child and took him back to 94． (safe) 300 yards away. In an interview, David said, "That kid is really strong and should 95． (praise). For him, to scream as loudly as he could in that matter allowed him 96． (get) help."
The boy later told the policeman that he got separated 97． his dad's sailboat and drifted (漂流) away. And he had 98． (confident) told his parent before that he would swim back to shore, but he was not able to do so due to the 99． (power) wind and waves. He hoped other swimming 100． (lover) could learn a lesson from his experience.
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语法填空—北师大版版必修三高频考点专练（解析版）
1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese space company has designed a machine 1． can catch waste materials left behind by spaceships in outer space with a big net.
The 30-kilogram machine, called NEO-01, 2． (make) by Origin Space last year. The company says the machine will lead the way for future technologies able to develop asteroids(小行星).
Usually, space cleanup technology lets magnets(磁铁) gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NE0-01 will use a net 3． (catch) waste and then burn it.
4． (thousand) of spaceships have been sent up worldwide. As time goes on, many end up as waste and put other operating spaceships 5． risk.
Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to send up many space telescopes and more spaceships to begin the 6． (develop) of asteroids by 2045.
7． is reported by Xinhua News that China is increasing efforts to land a spaceship on a near-Earth asteroid to collect materials. China is also 48 8． (clear) speeding up a plan to send up spaceships to stop near-Earth asteroids from 9． (harm) the Earth.
The country aims to follow other space powers such as Russia in becoming 10． main space power by 2030.
【答案】1．that/which；2．was made；3．to catch；4．Thousands；5．at；6．development；7．It；8．clearly；9．harming；10．a
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一家中国航天公司设计了一种机器，可以用大网捕捉太空船在外太空留下的废料。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词，数词，介词，名词，代词，副词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式
1．句意：一家中国航天公司设计了一种机器，可以用大网捕捉太空船在外太空留下的废料。 can catch waste materials left behind by spaceships in outer space with a big net 是限制性定语从句，先行词为machine，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
2．句意：这台30公斤重的机器名为NEO-01，去年由Origin Space制造。时间状语为last year，句子用一般过去时，主语为The 30-kilogram machine，谓语动词用三单形式，且与make之间是被动关系，故填was made。
3．句意：但起源空间网站. 上的一份报告称，NEO-01将使用网捕捉垃圾，然后将其焚烧。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to catch。
4．句意：数以千计的宇宙飞船被发射到世界各地。thousands of表示"数以千计的"，且首字母大写，故填Thousands。
5．句意：随着时间的推移，许多太空船最终成为废物，并使其他正在运行的太空船面临风险。at risk固定短语，"有风险"，故填at。
6．句意：他说，该公司计划发射许多太空望远镜和更多的宇宙飞船，以便在2045年开始开发小行星。结合句意和the可知，此处用名词形式，表示"开发"，为不可数名词，故填development。
7．句意：据新华社报道，中国正在加紧努力，将一艘宇宙飞船降落在近地小行星. 上收集材料。此处用it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语，且首字母大写，故填It。
8．句意：中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害。此处用副词作状语修饰动词speeding，故填clearly。
9．句意：中国显然也在加快发射太空船的计划，以防止近地小行星对地球造成伤害。此处用动名词作介词from的宾语，故填harming。
10．句意：该国的目标是在2030年之前跟随俄罗斯等其他太空大国成为主要太空大国。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，main为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
2. 语法填空
Home to the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers, the Sanjiangyuan area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) is known as "China's water tower." It is a 11． (whole) unique plateau wetland ecosystem and serves as 12． important ecological defense for the country.
Decades ago, serious environmental degradation (恶化) in Sanjiangyuan, 13． was caused by climate change and human activities, resulted in a large number of lakes drying out and wildlife numbers falling sharply. In 2016, the pilot program for the Sanjiangyuan National Park management system 14． (launch). Through painstaking practice, development and Innovation, efforts have been made 15． (turn) the park into a symbol of the progress of China's ecological civilization.
Over the past years, the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 16． (experience) comprehensive changes. Water conservation in the area has risen 17． 11 percent every year, compared with 10 years ago.
Local residents enjoy the gifts given by nature, and the 18． (establish) of the national park has enabled them to transform from exploiting (开发) nature to becoming its protectors and benefiting from it. Some work as tour guides, 19． (assist) visitors from home and abroad.
Today, as people walk on the vast land of Sanjiangyuan, looking at the expansive mountains, glaciers, lakes, and pastures, 20． catching sight of wild animals and birds, they cannot help but be impressed by the vastness and beauty of nature.
【答案】11．wholly；12．an；13．which；14．was launched；15．to turn；16．has experienced；17．by；18．establishment；19．assisting；20．and
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三江源生态恶化，国家采取了一系列措施保护该地区，并取得了成效。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，冠词，定语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词，介词，名词，连词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
11．句意：它是一个完全独特的高原湿地生态系统，是国家重要的生态防御。空后为形容词，结合句意及提示词，空处应为副词，修饰unique。故填wholly。
12．句意：它是一个完全独特的高原湿地生态系统，是国家重要的生态防御。空后important为元音音素的单词，结合句意可知空处应为冠词，故填an。
13．句意：几十年前，由于气候变化和人类活动造成的三江源环境严重恶化，导致大量湖泊干涸，野生动物数量急剧下降。 was caused by climate change and human activities 是非限制性定语从句，serious environmental degradation in Sanjiangyuan为先行词，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
14．句意：2016年，启动三江源国家公园管理体系试点。主语为Sanjiangyuan National Park management system是单数，和lanuch为被动关系，时间2016为过去时，故填was lancuhed。
15．句意：通过潜心实践、发展和创新，努力使园区成为中国生态文明进步的象征。painstaking practice, development and innovation, efforts为主语，have been made为谓语，此粗不定式作目的状语，故填to turn。
16．句意：多年来，青藏高原生态环境发生了全面变化。此处是谓语动词给i，根据时间状语Over the past years可知，时态为现在完成时，主语为the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau为单数，故填has experienced。
17．句意：与10年前相比，该地区的节水率每年增长11%。rise by,固定短语，“增长了”，故填by。
18．句意：当地居民享受大自然的馈赠，国家公园的建立使他们从开发自然转变为成为自然的保护者并从中受益。根据句意，结合空前冠词及空后介词of可知，空处为名词。故填establishment。
19．句意：有些人担任导游，协助来自国内外的游客。assist与tour guides构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填assisting。
20．句意：如今，当人们走在三江源这片广袤的土地上，望着辽阔的山峦、冰川、湖泊和牧场，看到野生动物和鸟类时，不禁被大自然的浩瀚和美丽所折服。句中looking at the expansive mountains, glaciers, lakes and pastures和catching sight of wild animals and birds 为并列结构，应用and连接。故填and。
3. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Positive thinking does not mean you have to find every idea absolutely wonderful. It does mean you have to be ready to explore 21． idea and to try and bring out whatever good features it has. The next step might be to find the 22． (weak) in the idea and to try and strengthen them, rather than use them 23． (simple) as an excuse for rejecting the whole idea. Finally, after the idea has been explored, it may not 24． (use), because there is a 25． (good) one or because, it is good but not 26． (suit). There is nothing wrong with being positive about an idea at first and then rejecting it 27． (late), when you see that it won't work.
28． is easy to be negative and critical and too much talent is wasted in negative thinking. It is time that we 29． (show) less respect for this kind of destructive thinking and focused 30． positive thinking more. So remember to think positively.
【答案】21．an；22．weaknesses；23．simply；24．be used；25．better；26．suitable；27．later；28．It；29．showed/ should show；30．on
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了我们应该少尊重破坏性的想法，多关注积极的想法。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，名词，副词，语态，形容词，代词。虚拟语气，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
21．句意：它只意味着你必须准备好去探索一个想法，去尝试并发挥它的优点。根据句意以及空后元音开头的名词可知，此处应填冠词an泛指一个想法。故填an。
22．句意：下一步可能是找到想法中的弱点，并试图加强它们，而不是简单地用它们作为拒绝整个想法的借口。由空前定冠词the可知，该空应填名词做find的宾语；根据语境以及空前没有单数意义词修饰且该词为可数名词，该空应用复数名词weaknesses。故填weaknesses。
23．句意：下一步可能是找到想法中的弱点，并试图加强它们，而不是简单地用它们作为拒绝整个想法的借口。该空修饰动词use，用副词simply。故填simply。
24．句意：最后，在想法被探索之后，它可能不会被使用，因为有更好的想法，或者因为它很好但不适合。分析句子可知，该空为句子的谓语，由于该空与主语it为被动关系，应用被动结构（be done）；空前有情态动词may，be用原形，use的过去分词为used。故填be used。
25．句意：最后，在想法被探索之后，它可能不会被使用，因为有更好的想法，或者因为它很好但不适合。这里暗含比较的意思，用比较级。故填better。
26．句意：最后，在想法被探索之后，它可能不会被使用，因为有更好的想法，或者因为它很好但不适合。空前有并列连词but，该空应填形容词suitable与前文的good对照。故填suitable。
27．句意：一开始对一个想法持肯定态度，然后当你发现它行不通时就拒绝它，这并没有什么错。分析句子可知，该空应用副词later"之后"做时间状语。故填later。
28．句意:人很容易变得消极和挑剔，太多的才能被浪费在消极的思考中。根据固定用法"It's +adj. +(for sb.)+to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是……的"可知，该空应填It做形式主语，真正的主语为其后的不定式。故填It。
29．句意：是时候对这种破坏性的想法少一点尊重，多关注积极的想法了。在it is (high) time that之后的从句中，谓语动词常用过去式表示虚拟语气，该空应填showed或者should show。故填showed/should show。
30．句意：是时候对这种破坏性的想法少一点尊重，多关注积极的想法了。focus on固定短语，“关注"，故填on。
4. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tuatara (鳄蜥) can only be found on the islands off the coast of New Zealand. And they are one of the 31． (old) animals in the world. They were on the earth 220 million years ago. At that time, there were a lot of tuatara all over the world, but in most 32． (place) they died out about one million years ago because other stronger animals developed and became tuatara killers. At 33． same time, New Zealand became separated from the rest of the world, so tuatara have continued to live in New Zealand.
Tuatara are cold blooded animals so they feel cold 34． you touch them. They can grow up 35． 24 centimeters in length (长度) and weigh more than 1 kilogram. Tuatara make 36． (they) homes in holes in the ground. They often share their holes with birds, which is not a good idea for the birds because tuatara are fond of 37． (eat) eggs and baby birds. In fact, they will eat anything they can catch, but 38． (usual) they eat insects (昆虫)．
The number of tuatara 39． (drop) since people and other animals came to New Zealand one thousand years ago. Today, there aren't many tuatara left. In New Zealand, programs have been set up 40． (protect) them.
【答案】31．oldest；32．places；33．the；34．when；35．to；36．their；37．eating；38．usually；39．has dropped；40．to protect
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了仅存于新西兰海岸附近的岛屿上的，地球上最古老的动物之一鳄蜥的过去和现状。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，名词，冠词，状语从句，介词，代词，非谓语动词，副词，时态，以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
31．句意：它们是世界上最古老的动物之一。根据空前的one of the，设空处应用形容词的最高级形式oldest，作名词animals的前置定语。故填oldest。
32．句意：那时，世界上有很多鳄蜥，但在大多数地方，它们大约在100万年前灭绝了，因为其他更强壮的动物发展起来，成为了鳄蜥杀手。place为可数名词，空前为most，故设空处应用名词复数places。故填places。
33．句意：与此同时，新西兰与世界其他地方分离了，所以蜥蜴继续生活在新西兰。at the same time，固定短语，“同时”，设空处应用定冠词the。故填the。
34．句意：土鬣蜥是冷血动物，所以你摸它们时它们会觉得冷。根据句意，应用连接词when引导时间状语从句，作状语。故填when。
35．句意：它们可以长到24厘米长，体重超过1公斤。up to，后接数量词，“多达”。设空处应用介词to。故填to。
36．句意：土蜥在地上的洞里筑它们的巢。根据空后的名词homes，设空处应用形容词性物主代词their，作前置定语。故填their。
37．句意：它们经常与鸟类共用洞穴，这对鸟类来说不是一个好主意，因为大鳄蜥喜欢吃蛋和幼鸟。此处考查be fond of，后接动名词eating，作of的宾语。故填eating。
38．句意：事实上，它们会吃任何能抓到的东西，但通常它们吃昆虫。修饰句子应用副词，usual的副词为usually，作状语，故填usually。
39．句意：自一千年前人类和其他动物来到新西兰以来，鳄蜥的数量下降了。根据时间状语since people and other animals came to New Zealand one thousand years ago可知，设空处为主句的谓语，应用现在完成时，主语为The number，为单数，故助动词为has。故填has dropped。
40．句意：在新西兰，项目已经被建立以保护它们。设空处考查动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to protect。
5. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's easy to take your hearing for granted until it's too late.
With the wide 41． (popular) of digital entertainment products, it is not uncommon to see people wearing headphones and listening to music 42． running in the park or using public transport. And the volume is often so 43． (loudness) that people around them can hear the music as well.
However, doctors warn that such behavior can potentially damage 44． hearing. "In noisy places, people tend 45． (turn) the volume up to get the same clarity of sound. Unfortunately, that can damage the hearing 46． people being aware of it, " said Feng Yongfeng, chief ENT physician at Beijing Tian'an Hospital.
After Spring Festival, the hospital witnessed 47． slight increase in the number of teenagers coming in with hearing problems, 48． Feng attributed to them wearing headphones at home for long periods during the holiday. Feng said both in-ear and overhead headphones can harm the ears and 49． (advise) against using them for long periods. He said if you do use headphones it is worth 50． (invest) in the highest quality you can afford.
【答案】41．popularity；42．while；43．loud；44．their；45．to turn；46．without；47．a；48．which；49．advised；50．investing
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了长期戴耳机对耳朵会造成的伤害，以此警示人们，同时，还建议如果非要使用手机，请买质量好一点的。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，连词，形容词，代词，非谓语动词，介词，冠词，定语从句，时态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：随着数字娱乐产品的广泛普及，人们在公园跑步或乘坐公共交通工具时戴着耳机听音乐的情况屡见不鲜。此处名词作介词宾语，popularity“流行”，不可数名词，故填 popularity。
42．句意：随着数字娱乐产品的广泛普及，人们在公园跑步或乘坐公共交通工具时戴着耳机听音乐的情况屡见不鲜。结合语境应用来while，与 running 构成时间状语从句的省略，故填 while 。
43．句意：而且音量通常很大，周围的人也能听到音乐。根据空后 “people around them can hear the music as well” 可知，通常音量很大，周围人都能听见。形容词作表语，故选 loud。
44．句意：然而，医生警告说，这种行为可能会损害他们的听力。根据上文“people wearing headphones and listening to music while running in the park or using public transport” 可推知这种行为很可能损害他们的。此处形容词性物主代词作定语，指代 people ，故填 their。
45．句意：“在嘈杂的地方，人们往往会把音量调大，以获得同样清晰的声音。tend to do固定短语，“趋向于......”，故填 to turn。
46．句意：不幸的是，这会在人们没有意识到的情况下损害听力。根据空前 “Unfortunately, that can damage the hearing ...” ；及空后 “... people being aware of it.” 结合前文提到的“在嘈杂的场合下人们常常把音量调大，这样对听力是有害的”，可推知“这种行为可能会在人们没有察觉的情况下损害人的听力”。且因为空后 “people being aware of it” 没有谓语动词，空格处应用介词表伴随。故填 without。
47．句意：春节后，医院发现有听力问题的青少年人数略有增加，冯认为这是因为他们在假期长时间戴着耳机在家。increase 用来修饰 “the number of teenagers”，抽象名词具体化，表示青少年的人数增加。抽象名词具体化时，前面可以用不定冠词修饰。故填a。
48．句意：春节后，医院发现有听力问题的青少年人数略有增加，冯认为这是因为他们在假期长时间戴着耳机在家。 Feng attributed to them wearing headphones at home for long periods during the holiday 是非限制性定语从句，先行词为 hearing problems。在从句中作 attribute 的宾语，应用关系代词which，故填 which。
49．句意：冯表示，入耳式和头戴式耳机都会伤害耳朵，建议不要长时间使用。and 后的横线上所填成分与 said 共同构成句子的谓语，因此要用动词，且前后保持时态一致，要用一般过去时。故填 advised。
50．句意：他说，如果你真的使用耳机，那就值得在你能负担得起的最高质量上投资。be worth doing固定短语，”值得做......“，故填 investing 。
6. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
While many people have made videos to cheer on those working on the front lines of the fight since the latest COV1 D-19 outbreak in Shanghai, Chien Meishuang 51． (spend) her time in lockdown at home, painting simple heartwarming works.
The paintings are part of her Journal of the Pandemic Lockdown, 52． project she started two years ago. "We are all facing a time 53． we are trapped at home, Chien tells China Daily. "I 54． (simple) wanted to let others know that there is a silver lining amid the dark clouds. "
The Taiwan native, who lives in Shanghai, is being on the receiving end of her neighbors' kindness. 55． (document) her experience, the artist created a painting, titled Good Neighbors in China, marking the first new 56． (add) to her project this year. Other 57． (scene) shown in her latest works include delivery men having a quick lunch and her neighbors 58． (welcome) a 70-year-old man who returned from hospital after recovering from COVTD-19.
"It is because of the pandemic 59． I have made friends from all walks of life in the area where I live. These individuals have provided infinite inspiration and stories 60． my works," she adds. "As long as an artwork can touch people's hearts, I believe it is good art. It doesn't matter how simple it is. "
【答案】51．has spent/has been spending；52．a；53．when；54．simply；55．To document；56．addition；57．scenes；58．welcoming；59．that；60．for
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了画家Chien Meishuang通过绘画身边人的暖心行为来记录自己的经历以及表达希望。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，代词，形容词，定语从句，副词，时态，连词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
51．句意：自从最近一次新冠肺炎在上海爆发以来，许多人制作了视频来为那些在前线工作的人加油，而Chien Meishuang一直在家里被关起来，画一些简单的暖心作品。根据上文“While many people have made videos to cheer on those working on the front lines of the fight”可知，可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，表示从过去持续到现在（或将继续持续下去）的动作，主语为Chien Meishuang，助动词用has。故填has spent/has been spending。
52．句意：这些画是她两年前开始的《大流行封锁日记》的一部分。project为可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且该词是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
53．句意：Chien在接受《中国日报》采访时说：“当我们被困在家里时，我们都面临着一段艰难的时期”。 we are trapped at home 是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词time，先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
54．句意：我只是想让其他人知道，乌云中有一线希望。修饰动词want应用副词simply，作状语。故填simply。
55．句意：为了记录她的经历，这位艺术家创作了一幅名为《中国的好邻居》的画，这是她今年项目的第一个新成员。此处作目的状语应用不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To document。
56．句意：为了记录她的经历，这位艺术家创作了一幅名为《中国的好邻居》的画，这是她今年项目的第一个新成员。作宾语，应用名词addition，此处特指一副画，应用单数形式。故填addition。
57．句意：她最新作品中的其他场景还包括送货员吃快餐，她的邻居欢迎一名70岁的男子，该男子在新冠肺炎康复后从医院回来。scene为可数名词，由other修饰，应用复数形式。故填scenes。
58．句意：她最新作品中的其他场景还包括送货员吃快餐，她的邻居欢迎一名70岁的男子，该男子在新冠肺炎康复后从医院回来。分析句子结构可知welcome在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语neighbors构成主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填welcoming。
59．句意：正是因为大流行，我在我居住的地区结交了来自各行各业的朋友。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句“it be+被强调部分+that（强调人可以who）”，被强调部分为原因状语because of the pandemic，应用that。故填that。
60．句意：这些人为我的作品提供了无限的灵感和故事。provide sth. for固定短语，“为……提供……”。故填for。
7. 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Poor environment is connected with poor health. Now a new public health 61． (tend) is becoming apparent: Making indoor air cleaner.
Let's take schools for example. Across Denmark, France, and Sweden, researchers found that indoor air quality in 66% of classrooms fell short 62． healthy standards. Outdoor air pollution can get inside buildings—childhood 63． (expose) can affect their physical development and academic performance, and cause cancer.
The problem extends well beyond classrooms. Many people spend more than 90% of their time 64． (stay) indoors. Spaces in buildings with poor air may cause a range of diseases—headaches, shortness of breath, coughs and discomfort of eye, nose, throat and skin. Poor air 65． (blame) for decreased productivity in the past few years.
COVID 19 has brought a new urgency to the matter 66． (great). More investment would be well spent. Better indoor air improves academic development—math 67． reading scores go up. Meanwhile pupils are 68． (attentive) in class. Poor air indoors is the 69． (forget) part when people improved public health. COVID 19 should lead policymakers to focus on the problem, 70． is of great importance for people's well being.
【答案】61．tendency；62．of；63．exposure；64．staying；65．has been blamed；66．greatly；67．and；68．more attentive；69．forgotten；70．which
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在改善公共卫生方面，室内空气质量并没有引起太多注意，但实际上室内空气质量的好坏影响着人们的身心健康。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，介词，非谓语动词，时态语态，副词，连词，形容词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
61．句意：现在，一种新的公共卫生趋势正变得明显：让室内的空气更清洁。此处名词作主语，由冠词a可知，此处用单数名词。故填tendency。
62．句意：在丹麦、法国和瑞典，研究人员发现66%的教室室内空气质量低于健康标准。fall short of固定短语，“达不到”，故填of。
63．句意：室外的空气污染会进入到建筑物内，儿童时期的接触会影响他们的身体发育和学习成绩，并导致癌症。此处名词作主语，名词exposure表示“暴露；接触”时为不可数名词。故填exposure。
64．句意：许多人90%以上的时间都待在室内。spend (some time) doing sth.固定短语，“花费(时间)做某事”，故填staying。
65．句意：过去几年，空气质量差被认为是生产力下降的原因。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past few years及上下文时态可知，此处应用现在完成时，动词blame与主语Poor air之间是动宾关系，因而用被动语态。故填has been blamed。
66．句意：新冠疫情极大地引起了关于这一问题的新的紧迫性。分析句子可知，设空处修饰动词brought，应用副词形式。故填greatly。
67．句意：较好的室内空气可以提高学习成绩——数学和阅读的分数上升了。句中的math和reading为并列成分，都是学科，因而用连词and连接。故填and。
68．句意：同时，学生们在课堂上更加专心。根据前一句中的提示词Better和本句句意可知，此处需用形容词的比较级，形容词attentive为多音节词，其比较级加more。故填more attentive。
69．句意：当人们改善公共卫生时，室内空气质量差是被遗忘的部分。此处做定语修饰名词part，动词forget与被修饰的part之间是被动关系，因而用过去分词形式作定语。故填forgotten。
70．句意：新冠病毒应该引导政策制定者关注这个问题，这对人民的福祉至关重要。 is of great importance for people's well being 是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，在从句中作主语，因而用which引导。故填which。
8. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient times, builders and 71． (architect) in Beijing relied on five colors to add life to their creations: red, yellow, blue, white, and gray. These colors were connected 72． five different elements: metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. The Chinese sage (智者) Laozi said that five colors make people blind, so in architectural art, it's suggested that no more than three main colors should 73． (use) for a design; otherwise, it would look too busy. Then red, yellow and blue gradually 74． (become) the main colors in the Forbidden City. Red, the color of fire and blood, has long been important in Chinese symbolism. Traditionally, red represents 75． (warm) and the highest amount of energy. The association of red with good fortune is the reason 76． the color red is important in weddings, New Years, and other important celebrations. Yellow is another obvious color in old Beijing, 77． (stand) for the power of the emperor. The Yellow Emperor is the mythological (神话的) forefather of the Chinese nation while archeologists find the 78． (early) examples of Chinese civilization in the Yellow River basin. The color blue symbolized heaven. 79． was discovered that blue had a unique sensitivity to light, and was the perfect color used 80． (create) copies of drawings.
【答案】71．architects；72．with /to；73．be used；74．became；75．warmth；76．why；77．standing；78．earliest；79．It；80．to create
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了古代北京城的建筑师们使用的颜色。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词，介词，语态，时态，定语从句，非谓语动词，形容词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
71．句意：在古代，北京城的建筑师们依靠五种颜色为他们的创作增添生气：红色、黄色、蓝色、白色和灰色。此处名词作主语，表示泛指，和前面的名词builders并列，应用复数形式，故填architects。
72．句意：这些颜色和5种不同的元素有联系： 金，木，水，火，土。be connected with/to，固定短语，“和……有联系”，故填with/to。
73．句意：中国圣贤老子说，五种颜色会使人盲目，所以在建筑艺术中，建议一个设计使用不超过三种主要颜色。此处是主语从句的谓语动词，根据句子意思可知，动词use和主语no more than three main colors是被动的关系，所以要用被动结构，空格前面有情态动词should，所以后面跟动词原形。故填be used。
74．句意：后来，红色，黄色和蓝色渐渐变成了紫禁城里的主色。此处是谓语动词，结合语境应用一般过去时，故填became。
75．句意：从传统上看，红色代表温暖和最大的能量。此处名词作宾语，表示“温暖”的意思，是不可数名词，所以用单数形式。故填warmth。
76．句意：红色和好运之间的联系就是为什么红色在婚礼，新年和其他重要的庆祝活动上重要的原因。 the color red is important in weddings, New Years, and other important celebrations是限制性定语从句，先行词是reason，在从句中作原因状语，应用副词why，故填why。
77．句意：黄色是老北京另一种很明显的颜色，它代表了皇权。根据句子结构和意思可知，此处现在分词作后置定语，修饰名词color，是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填standing。
78．句意：黄帝是中华民族的神话祖先，而考古学家在黄河流域发现了最早的中国文明。此处形容词最高级，修饰后面的名词examples。故填earliest。
79．句意：人们发现，蓝色对光线有着独特的敏感性，而且是制作素描复制品的最佳颜色。根据句子结构和意思可知，此处代词it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的句子that blue had a unique sensitivity to light, and was the perfect color used 10 (create) copies of drawings。It is/was discovered…固定句型，意思是“人们发现……”。故填It。
80．句意：人们发现，蓝色对光线有着独特的敏感性，而且是制作素描复制品的最佳颜色。be used to do，固定短语，“被用来做某事”，故填to create。
9. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The official medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games 81． (display) on October 26th. The organizing committee introduced the medals-called tong xin, 82． means togetherness that day.
The medals are inspired by yu bi, a Chinese jade artifact 83． (date) back 5, 000 years. A total of five of this kind of jade have been unearthed from a tomb up to now.
Each medal 84． (have) carvings of the Olympic rings on one side. The rings represent the pursuit of unity 85． harmony, and they also represent the Olympic values of solidarity and inclusiveness. Carvings of cloud patterns, an element 86． (use) on the torch of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, snowflakes and ice markings fill the outer rings 87． other side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem at the center. Visually, it looks quite plain at first glance, while details such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven surface have made it 88． (special) than expected, according to the committee.
Gaining 89． (inspire) from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capital's unique position as the first city 90． (host) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
【答案】81．were displayed；82．which；83．dating；84．has；85．and；86．used；87．The；88．more special；89．inspiration；90．to host
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了2022年冬奥会和残奥会的官方奖牌设计细节。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，定语从句，非谓语动词，主谓一致，连词，冠词，形容词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
81．句意：10月26日，北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会官方奖牌亮相。此处是谓语动词。根据时间状语on October 26th可知，此处应用一般过去时态。主语The official medals与动词display构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，主语为复数，故谓语动词用复数形式，故填were displayed。
82．句意：组委会推出了奖牌——同心，寓意团圆。 means togetherness that day 是非限制性定语从句，先行词为tong xin，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，要使用关系代词which，故填which。
83．句意：奖牌的灵感来白于5000年前的中国玉器玉壁。主语 jade artifact 和动词date动之间形成主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填 dating。
84．句意：每枚奖牌的一侧都有奥运五环的雕刻。此处是谓语动词。根据下文谓语动词represent可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语为Each medal，表示单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填has。
85．句意：五环代表着对团结与和谐的追求，也代表着团结与包容的奥林匹克价值观。分析句子结构以及句意可知，空处应填入并列连词，连接名词unity和harmony，表示“和，以及”。故填and。
86．句意：云纹雕刻是2008年北京夏季奥运会火炬上使用的一种元素，雪花和冰纹填充了外圈。此处作后置定语。an element与动词use构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填used。
87．句意：奖牌的另一面中央有北京2022年会徽。分析句子结构可知，空处应填入冠词。the other“另一个”，指一定范围内或两个人（物）中，特指剩下的“另一个”。置于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。
88．句意：据该委员会称，从视觉上看，一看很简单，但云和雪花图案的雕刻以及不平整的表面等细节使它比预期的更特别。由空后than expected可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故填more special。
89．句意：第二次从翡翠中汲取灵感，彰显了中国首都作为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的独特地位。空处位于动词后，为名词。inspiration“灵感，启发”，且为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
90．句意：第二次从翡翠中汲取灵感，彰显了中国首都作为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的独特地位。city前有序数词修饰，后使用不定式作后置定语，故填to host。
10. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。
David Jones Jr. loves outdoor activities. One day, he 91． (fish) when he heard screams coming from the river. Within seconds, he found a boy floating in the middle of the river. "I had that sense of urgency that I needed to drop 92． I was doing and kayaked (划皮艇) over there," said David.
93． was David's experience in law enforcement (执行) that helped him to stay calm and make the proper decision during the serious situation. He quickly saved the child and took him back to 94． (safe) 300 yards away. In an interview, David said, "That kid is really strong and should 95． (praise). For him, to scream as loudly as he could in that matter allowed him 96． (get) help."
The boy later told the policeman that he got separated 97． his dad's sailboat and drifted (漂流) away. And he had 98． (confident) told his parent before that he would swim back to shore, but he was not able to do so due to the 99． (power) wind and waves. He hoped other swimming 100． (lover) could learn a lesson from his experience.
【答案】91．was fishing；92．what；93．It；94．safety；95．be praised；96．to get；97．from；98．confidently；99．powerful；100．lovers
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了英勇救人的故事：大卫在钓鱼的时候听到尖叫。他前去查看 发现一个男孩飘在湖中间，急忙去救了他。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，宾语从句，代词，名词，语态，非谓语动词，介词，副词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
91．句意：有一天，他正在钓鱼的时候听到从河里传来的尖叫声。此句是固定句式sb was/were doing when……“某人正在干某事这时……”；主语为单数，故助动词be使用三单形式was。故填was fishing。
92．句意：大卫说：“我有一种紧迫感，即我需要停下我正在做的事，划皮艇去那儿。”。分析句意可知，此处动词drop“停止”后接宾语从句，宾语从句中缺宾语，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
93．句意：大正是大卫法律执行的经历帮助了他能够保持冷静，并且能在严重情况时做出适当的决定。分析句意可知，包含了句型it was +被强调部分+that+其他成分的强调句句型，句首需要使用it。故填It。
94．句意：他很快地救下了孩子，并把他带到了大概300米开外的安全场所。介词to后需要接名词作宾语。故填safety。
95．句意：大卫说：“那个孩子真的很坚强，应该被表扬”。分析句意可知，动词praise“表扬”需要被动语态，因为他和主语that kid“那个孩子是被动关系”，且在情态动词后，故be动词使用原形即可。故填be praised。
96．句意：对他而言，在这件事发生时尽最大可能尖叫使得他获得帮助。allow sb. to do sth.固定短语，“使得某人做某事”，故填to get。
97．句意：后来那个男孩告诉警察他和他爸爸的帆船分开了，然后飘走了。be separated from固定短语，“与……分离”，故填from。
98．句意：之前他自信地告诉他的父母他将游回岸边，但是因为强风和浪花，他没能那样做。分析句意可知，形容词confident“自信的”需要使用副词形式confidently，用于修饰动词told“告诉”。故填confidently。
99．句意：之前他自信地告诉他的父母他将游回岸边，但是因为强风和浪花，他没能那样做。此处形容词作定语修饰名词wind ，故填powerful。
100．句意：他希望其他的游泳爱好者能够从他的经历中吸取教训。名词lover“爱好者”需要复数形式，因为空格前有修饰词other“其他的”表示复数概念。故填lovers。
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