中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
阅读理解—北师大版必修三高频考点专练（解析版）
1. 阅读理解
The Sequoia National Park in California's southern Sierra Nevada mountains is best known for the Giant Forest, a collection of 2,000 trees that includes half of the Earth's largest and longest-living trees. This past weekend, the ancient wonders came dangerously close to being burned by the KNP Complex Fire. But thanks to resourceful firefighters, the precious treasure has been saved.
The fire personnel had taken the standard measures of clearing brush and setting controlled fires long before the fire began heading toward the Giant Forest. But they knew more needed to be done. On September 17, 2021, they took the unusual step of covering the base of some of the oldest trees with protective aluminum "blankets". High on the list was General Sherman, the world's largest tree by volume. The park officials believed the specialized foil (锡纸) would help block some of the heat from the flames and enhance the natural insulation (隔热) provided by the ancient trees' thick bark. They were right!
On Sunday, September 19, 2021, the officials reported that the extra prevention measures, which also included 24-hour timed sprinklers (洒水装置) on General Sherman and the nearby park buildings, had worked. Jack Owen, a spokesman for the KNP Complex Fire Information Office, said, "There are no trees that have been burned yet, as far as in the Giant Forest. Fire crews are pouring everything they can into it as long as it's safe. That area is looking good."
Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about the rest of the national park. The KNP Complex Fire has burned through 21,777 acres. Meanwhile, the Windy Fire, which started further south on the Sierra slopes on the same night, has burned over 21,598 acres. Hopefully, the weather will cooperate and allow firefighters to gain control of the massive fires, which are now beginning to threaten nearby communities.
1．What did the firefighters first do to protect the Giant Forest from fire
A．Cover it with specialized foil.
B．Put it on the list of protective steps.
C．Set up a fire prevention belt around it.
D．Identify the features of the complex fire.
2．Why was the specialized foil applied
A．To resist some heat from the fire.
B．To stop the fire from spreading.
C．To keep tree roots from losing water.
D．To test the survival ability of the trees.
3．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Fire crews are ready to withdraw.
B．General Sherman is relatively safe.
C．Nearby buildings have been abandoned.
D．Some trees in the Giant Forest have been cut down.
4．What is the author's attitude towards the safety of the rest of the national park
A．Worried. B．Optimistic. C．Discouraged. D．Unconcerned.
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
4．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了消防员通过努力拯救了the Giant Forest里的一些千年老树。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种常考题型，细节理解题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是第一句“The fire personnel had taken the standard measures of clearing brush and setting controlled fires long before the fire began heading toward the Giant Forest早在大火开始向巨人森林蔓延之前，消防人员就采取了清理灌木丛和控制火势的标准措施”，可知消防员们为保护the Giant Forest首先使用的是标准方法，即在森林周围设立防火带。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段第五句中的“The park officials believed the specialized foil (锡纸) would help block some of the heat from the flames公园管理人员认为，这种特殊的箔纸可以帮助阻挡火焰的部分热量”，可知这种特殊的锡纸可以阻挡火焰的部分热量。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段内容尤其是第一句中的“which also included 24-hour timed sprinklers (洒水装置) on General Sherman and the nearby park buildings, had worked还包括在谢尔曼将军和附近公园建筑上的24小时定时洒水装置，已经起效”以及最后一句“That area is looking good那个区域看起来不错”，可知General Sherman和公园附近的建筑物上的24小时定时洒水装置起了作用。那片地区目前看起来不错。由此可推知，General Sherman是相对安全的。故选B。
4．观点态度题。根据最后一段内容尤其是第一句“Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about the rest of the national park不幸的是，国家公园的其他地方就不一样了”和最后一句中的”which are now beginning to threaten nearby communities现在已经开始威胁到附近的社区了”，可知国家公园的其他地方并不像the Giant Forest那样被保护得这么好。现在大火已经威胁到附近的社区了。由此可推知，作者对国家公园其余地方的安全很担忧。故选A。
2. 阅读理解
Hong Kong to Macau Transportation
It is really convenient and swift for travelers to travel between Hong Kong and Macau, with a straight-line distance of about 60 kilometers.
Helicopter (直升机) Transport
Helicopter transport is the most swift and convenient means for transportation between Hong Kong and Macau. The length of time for a journey is only 15 minutes.
Service time: The helicopter departs every 30 minutes from 9:00 to 23:00. Passengers should arrive at the waiting room at least 15 minutes before the departure time.
Tel: 2872 7288 (Macau) and 2108 9898 (Hong Kong). Passengers can book a ticket via these telephone numbers.
Approximate ticket fares: The price of a helicopter transport is about 2,700–2,900 yuan per person.
Ship Transport
The length of time for a journey by ship between Hong Kong and Macau is about 50 minutes, which is much longer than that taking a helicopter. However, the ticket fare is much cheaper than taking a helicopter.
Service time and departure interval: The ship departs every 15 minutes from 7:00 to 24:00, and then departs at 0:30, 1:00, 1:30, 2:30, 4:00, 4:45 and 6:00.
Approximate ticket fares: There are different kinds of ticket fares, for day sailing and night sailing and for common seats and luxury seats. The price is from 133 to 268 yuan per seat.
Jetfoil (水翼喷射船) Transport
Passengers also can take a jetfoil: a five-star Premier Jetfoil with luxurious services of high quality coming and going among Macau, Hong Kong and Hong Kong International Airport, and the length of time for each route is about 55 minutes.
Service time and departure interval: The jetfoil departs every 1 hour from 8:00–22:00.
Approximate ticket fares: The common seat for day sailing is 250–320 yuan per person. The luxury seat for day sailing is 450–560 yuan per person.
5．What are the helicopter passengers required to do
A．Arrive at least a quarter earlier.
B．Check the departure time online.
C．Choose the kind of seat on the spot.
D．Pay for an extra insurance fee.
6．What is the advantage of jetfoil transport over the other two
A．Its comfort level. B．The price of tickets.
C．The length of time. D．The frequency of transportation.
7．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．A travel diary.
C．A travel website. D．A science report.
【答案】5．A
6．A
7．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港到澳门的三种交通方式及其时长和票价等相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
5．细节理解题。根据Helicopter (直升机) Transport部分Service time的第二句“Passengers should arrive at the waiting room at least 15 minutes before the departure time旅客应在飞机起飞前至少15分钟到达候机室”，可知乘坐直升机的乘客需要至少提前15分钟到达候机室。故选A。
6．细节理解题。通读全文尤其是Jetfoil (水翼喷射船) Transport部分第一段中的“a five-star Premier Jetfoil with luxurious services of high quality五星级的Premier Jetfoil，提供高品质的豪华服务”，可知水翼喷射船在舒适度上比其他两种交通方式更有优势。故选A。
7．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了香港到澳门的三种交通方式及其时长和票价等相关信息。由此可推知，本文可能选自一个旅游网站。故选C。
3. 阅读理解
Long Walks in Europe
Waldst tterweg Trail, Lucerne, Switzerland
·Distance 71 miles
The Waldst tterweg Trail (路线) is one of the safest when it comes to snowy conditions, and the views and the colours of the trees are breathtaking at the end of October. This seven-stage route trails the shore of Lake Lucerne, with the glaring blue water being a constant companion. Old paths and elegant trails through woods link lakeside settlements.
Harz Witches Trail, Lower Saxony, Germany
·Distance 58 miles
The Harz Mountains have long been associated with German folklore (民俗). Harz Witches Trail runs along forest tracks through Harz National Park and can be walked throughout October and beyond. The route takes in forests, Germany's largest wooden church, and a 439-metre rope suspension bridge. It also follows the poet Goethe's hiking route up the Brocken.
GR141, Andalucía, Spain
·Distance 68 miles
Autumn isn't just a good time to walk in Andalucía. The weather stays warm long after winter starts to bite further north. It's cheaper and less crowded, too. In November, conditions are milder here and some plants continue to flower. And two newly created GR routes begin here: both are well marked, reasonably challenging, divided into six stages and walkable in a week.
Menalon Trail, Peloponnese, Greece
·Distance 47 miles
The Menalon Trail is an excellent option for autumn. Temperatures are pleasant and autumn colours are wonderful well into November. It's a quiet time to visit, too. Nights in mountain villages are a highlight. Dimitsana, surrounded by pine forests and snowy peaks, is a particular jewel; In Stemnitsa, there is a folklore museum showcasing the village's jewellery-making heritage.
8．Which trail may attract people who are interested in folk and local religious culture
A．Waldst tterweg Trail. B．Harz Witches Trail.
C．GR141. D．Menalon Trail.
9．What can people do on Menalon Trail
A．Admire colorful flowers. B．Enjoy wonderful nights.
C．Learn about local festivals. D．Explore the forests.
10．What do the listed four trails have in common
A．They cover similar distances. B．They require no charges.
C．They suit autumn walks. D．They feature snow scenery.
【答案】8．B
9．B
10．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四条位于欧洲的徒步旅行路线。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
8．考查推理判断。根据Harz Witches Trail, Lower Saxony, Germany部分中的"The Harz Mountains have long been associated with German folklore (民俗)."哈茨山脉长期以来一直与德国民间传说联系在一起；以及"The route takes in forests, Germany's largest wooden church, and a 439-metre rope suspension bridge."这条路线途经森林、德国最大的木制教堂和一座439米长的悬索桥。可推知，Harz Witches Trail可能会吸引对民俗和当地宗教文化感兴趣的人。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据Menalon Trail, Peloponnese, Greece部分中的"Nights in mountain villages are a highlight."山村的夜晚是一大亮点。可知，人们在Menalon Trail可以享受美好的夜晚。故选B。
10．考查细节理解。根据Waldst tterweg Trail, Lucerne, Switzerland部分中的"the views and the colours of the trees are breathtaking at the end of October"十月末的景色和树木的颜色令人叹为观止；Harz Witches Trail, Lower Saxony, Germany部分中的"Harz Witches Trail runs along forest tracks through Harz National Park and can be walked throughout October and beyond."哈兹女巫小径沿着森林小径穿过哈兹国家公园，整个十月及以后都可以步行；GR141, Andalucía, Spain部分中的"Autumn isn't just a good time to walk in Andalucía."秋天不仅仅是在安达卢西亚散步的好时机；"In November, conditions are milder here and some plants continue to flower."十一月，这里的气候比较温和，一些植物继续开花；以及Menalon Trail, Peloponnese, Greece部分中的"The Menalon Trail is an excellent option for autumn."Menalon Trail是秋季的绝佳选择。可知，文章介绍的四条徒步路线都以秋季美景为特色。因此，这四条路线的共同之处是都适合秋天来这里散步。故选C。
4. 阅读理解
Guy Noble, one of Australia's most famous conductors, who conducted the touring concert "East Meets West", said he'd like to learn more about Chinese music. "I'm impressed by the history and the beauty Chinese music has," he's said in an interview recently.
"East Meets West" concert tour in Australia was resumed this year after being postponed twice due to the pandemic. It was hosted in Canberra last Saturday, bringing audiences some well-known Chinese and Western pieces such as Jasmine Flower, Carmen, Romeo and Juliet, and The Yellow River.
While it was called "East Meets West", music from China and the West with the same themes was brought together. Chinese singer Ya Fen and Australian singer Victoria Lambourn performed a duet (二重唱) Hope Betrayed, which was inspired by the Chinese classic novel A Dream of Red Mansions. Noble said he loved the duet as it showed completely different singing styles: traditional Chinese opera style and Western opera style. "They're not exactly the same, but they came together," he said.
Having been a professional conductor for more than 20 years, Noble called music an international language. He noted that most music at the concert was about love, which was also an international language. He also spoke highly of some Chinese musicians, such as pianist Lang Lang who he thought has inspired many kids in China to learn music.
Noble admitted his knowledge of Chinese culture was limited. He said that conducting the Canberra concert was "an experience that I've enjoyed", which made him more interested in discovering the background and history of the music, as well as the stories behind it. Noble is ready to create more things that can involve dance or calligraphy or some of the other aspects of Chinese culture, and put them together with music.
11．What does the underlined word "resumed" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Restarted. B．Expanded. C．Paused. D．Concluded.
12．Why did Noble enjoy Hope Betrayed
A．Because it impressed him with its history.
B．Because it was inspired by a classic novel.
C．Because it showed two performing styles.
D．Because it was performed by an Australian.
13．What can we learn about Noble from the text
A．He is an amateur conductor.
B．He speaks highly of all Chinese musicians.
C．He has a wide knowledge of Chinese culture.
D．He intends to integrate more Chinese elements into music.
14．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．Guy Noble: A Famous Australian Conductor
B．An Australian's Passion for Chinese Culture
C．Music: A Bridge to Understanding Each Other
D．The Cooperation Between Foreign Musicians
【答案】11．A
12．C
13．D
14．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了澳大利亚著名指挥家Guy Noble对中国音乐非常推崇，他指挥了名为"东方遇见西方"的巡回音乐会，并希望自己能更多地了解中国文化，将它们与音乐结合起来。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
11．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"... after being postponed twice due to the pandemic."......…在因疫情而两次推迟之后；以及"It was hosted in Canberra last Saturday"上周六在堪培拉举办，可推知，本句表示该巡回音乐会因为疫情而被推迟了两次后又重新举办了。画线词resumed应该与restarted的含义相近。故选A。
12．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Noble said he loved the duet as it showed completely different singing styles: traditional Chinese opera style and Western opera style."可知，Noble喜欢这首二重唱是因为它展现了中国传统戏曲风格和西方歌剧风格这两种完全不同的演唱风格。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"Noble is ready to create more things that can involve dance or calligraphy or some of the other aspects of Chinese culture, and put them together with music."Noble准备创造更多涉及舞蹈、书法或中国文化其他方面的东西，并将它们与音乐结合在一起。可知，Noble想把更多的中国文化融入音乐之中。故选D。
14．考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述澳大利亚著名指挥家Guy Noble对中国音乐十分推崇，他指挥了名为"东方遇见西方"的巡回音乐会，并希望自己能更多地了解中国文化，故选B。
5. 阅读理解
For centuries, Central America's Garifuna people have kept the culture's spoken history alive through their ancestors' native language. But decades of modernization, random native-language training in Garifuna schools, intermarriage between cultures, and the ridicule (嘲笑) of young people who speak the language, together led to Garifuna being listed on the UNESCO Atlas (地图集) of Endangered Languages in 2001.
The threat of language extinction isn't new. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks, as some languages become important tools for social and economic exchange, while others are pushed to the margins (边缘). But there are ways to save at-risk languages as well. The key is that the language needs to be thought of less as preserved, "but indeed part of their present and future life," says Liliana Sánchez, a linguist and professor at the University of Illinois.
That's exactly what the Garinagu (Garifuna people) are doing. For the past two decades, Garifuna artists have used a cultural cornerstone — spirited dance music — to inspire young Garinagu to learn and share their native language. Now, with a new Garifuna Tourism Trail project in Belize, travelers can experience and support the cultural revival, too.
Palacio, a leader in the cultural revival, gathered Garifuna musicians across Central America to form a band named the Garifuna Collective in 2007. Their Garifuna lyrics sent a powerful message: It's time to defend our culture. With multiple world tours and international music awards later, the Garifuna Collective put Garifuna on the international map and took Belize along with it. Although Palacio passed away in 2008, his lyrics and the work of Garifuna musicians lit a cultural flame for Garinagu worldwide.
Will music save the Garifuna language Time will tell. Garifuna remains on UNESCO's endangered-language list, last updated in 2010. And, as the Hawaiians just learned from revitalizing (使恢复生机) their own language, this kind of revival is a long, multi-generational road.
15．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The origin of the Garifuna language.
B．Reasons for Garifuna's being endangered.
C．The endangered languages of 2001.
D．Ways to save the Garifuna language.
16．What is Liliana Sánchez's opinion on saving at-risk languages
A．They should be protected by singing songs.
B．They should be preserved as much as possible.
C．They should be made use of in everyday life.
D．They should be advertised by tourists.
17．How does the author like Palacio's work
A．Overwhelming. B．Challenging. C．Interesting. D．Rewarding.
18．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Garifuna has been removed from the list.
B．Music is sure to save the Garifuna language.
C．It'll take great efforts to preserve Garifuna.
D．Hawaiians are better at protecting their culture.
【答案】15．B
16．C
17．D
18．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，因为各种原因，中美洲加里福纳人所使用的语言在2001年被列入联合国教科文组织濒危语言地图集。为使该语言得以传承下去，在过去的20年里，加里福纳艺术家们用充满活力的舞曲来激励年轻的加利福纳人学习和分享他们的母语。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，观点态度和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
15．考查段落大意。第一段“For centuries, Central America's Garifuna people have kept the culture's spoken history alive through their ancestors' native language. But decades of modernization, random native-language training in Garifuna schools, intermarriage between cultures, and the ridicule (嘲笑) of young people who speak the language, together led to Garifuna being listed on the UNESCO Atlas (地图集) of Endangered Languages in 2001.”主要介绍了加里福纳语变成濒危语言的四个原因：一是数十年的现代化（进程），二是加里福纳学校里随意的母语培训，三是不同文化之间的通婚，四是对说这种语言的年轻人的嘲笑。这些原因共同导致加里福纳语在2001年被列入联合国教科文组织濒危语言地图集。故选B。
16．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"The key is that the language needs to be thought of less as preserved, 'but indeed part of their present and future life,' says Liliana Sánchez"可知，在Liliana Sánchez看来，这种语言不仅需要被当成要保存的东西，而且要被当成现在和未来生活的一部分。可推知，她认为濒危语言应被使用在日常生活中。故选C。
17．考查观点态度。根据第四段中的"Although Palacio passed away in 2008, his lyrics and the work of Garifuna musicians lit a cultural flame for Garinagu worldwide."虽然Palacio于2008年去世，但他的歌词和加里福纳音乐家的作品在世界范围内掀起了加里福纳人的文化热潮。可推断，作者认为Palacio的作品是有益的。故选D。
18．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"And, as the Hawaiians just learned from revitalizing (使恢复生机) their own language, this kind of revival is a long, multi-generational road."可知，保护一门濒危的语言并非一朝一夕就能做成的事情，而是一个漫长且艰苦的过程。故选C。
6. 阅读理解
Advanced machinery has changed agriculture greatly, but many tasks are still done by hand. Manual pickers can select and handle ripe produce more precisely, which reduces damage, while machines require a lot of upfront (预付的) investment. But in a warming world, farm labour has its own cost in the form of heat stress which can lead to serious diseases.
Data from the EU's Earth monitoring program showed that the seven years before 2022 were the hottest on record. According to one study, at least 65 workers died from heat-related illness on US farms between 2002 and 2021. Another study concluded that American crop workers were 20 times more likely to die as a result of heat stress than other civilian employees.
The average number of unsafe summer working days in the US is expected to double by 2050. The threat is worse in southern Asia and western Africa, where the impact of global warming on human health and productivity is expected to be most extreme. The accumulated global cost in terms of output and working days lost due to heat stress is estimated to reach 2,400 billion dollars by 2030, according to the International Labour Organization.
Some countries have made laws to prevent heat illness. California was the first US state to bring in a large number of rules to protect outdoor workers in 2005. On days above 26 degrees Celsius, employers have to provide shelter for workers during rest periods. When temperatures rise above 35 degrees, workers must have regular breaks. Since the rules came into force, the number of reported deaths from environmental heat exposure in California has fallen from 10 in 2005 to 3 in 2019.
A new federal standard to fight against heat risks across the US is currently in the works (在筹备中). But campaigners say many farm workers, especially immigrants, may be afraid to raise concerns for fear of losing their jobs. They also worry that doctors are unaware of or may fail to recognize the long-term damage from repeated exposure to heat stress, an ongoing threat for millions of agricultural labourers around the world.
19．What is one advantage of manual pickers compared with advanced machinery
A．They have a good effect on agriculture.
B．They help farm crops ripen earlier.
C．They reduce the loss of agricultural produce.
D．They cut the cost of heat stress.
20．What can be learned from the studies in paragraph 2
A．The year 2022 is the hottest in history.
B．American civilians are free of heat stress.
C．US workers have heat-related diseases easily.
D．American farmers have suffered from heat stress badly.
21．Why is California mentioned in the text
A．To show the effect of laws to avoid heat-related diseases.
B．To remind us of the danger of global warming.
C．To praise the efforts to protect outdoor workers.
D．To help the farm workers to be protected.
22．What may worry farm workers according to campaigners
A．Heat risks. B．Unemployment.
C．The new federal standard. D．Exposure to heat stress.
【答案】19．C
20．D
21．A
22．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了高温作业会增加农场工人的死亡风险，有些国家制定了法律来预防风险，但农场工人担心由此引发关注而导致失业及其他问题的情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和目的意图三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
19．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Manual pickers can select and handle ripe produce more precisely, which reduces damage, while machines require a lot of upfront (预付的) investment."手动采摘者可以更精确地选择和处理成熟的农产品，从而减少损坏，而机器需要大量的前期投资。可知，手工采摘者会更精确地选择和处理成熟的农产品，从而减少损失。故选C。
20．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"According to one study, at least 65 workers died from heat-related illness on US farms between 2002 and 2021. Another study concluded that American crop workers were 20 times more likely to die as a result of heat stress than other civilian employees."根据一项研究，2002年至2021期间，美国农场至少有65名工人死于与高温相关的疾病。另一项研究得出结论，美国作物工人死于热应激的可能性是其他文职雇员的20倍。可推知，美国农民饱受热应激的痛苦。故选D。
21．考查目的意图。根据第四段中的" Some countries have made laws to prevent heat illness. California was the first US state to bring in a large number of rules to protect outdoor workers in 2005. "一些国家制定了预防中暑的法律。2005年，加利福尼亚州是美国第一个引入大量规则来保护户外工作者的州。可推知，文章提到加利福尼亚州是为了展示法律对预防与高温有关的疾病的作用。故选A。
22．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"But campaigners say many farm workers, especially immigrants, may be afraid to raise concerns for fear of losing their jobs."但活动人士表示，许多农场工人，尤其是移民，可能因为害怕失去工作而不敢提出担忧。可知，农场工人担心失去工作。故选B。
7. 阅读理解
My favorite book, The Secret by Rhonda Byrne, talks about a formula called "SFF", which stands for "stopping finding faults". I used to be a critical person and tried to find faults. I guess I somehow inherited this character from my father. Actually many good qualities of my father are worth admiring except this.
My father is the person who constantly looks for mistakes in other people and he thinks no one is perfect in the world. His character created a negative atmosphere in my family. I was the same as my father, so I often felt angry, disappointed, depressed, and lonely in school.
After I had read my favorite book I began to seek "good things" in other people. It has completely altered my life. Now I feel happier, I have more friends, I have more trust in people, and I realize everyone has their own strength! Another important lesson I got from this book is that I should always behave myself in a positive manner. Let's admit that we sometimes complain about our situation. That's not good. "Believe it or not, people don't like to listen to negative opinions."
One more valuable lesson I got from the book is that I should be a good listener. When I was younger, I only wanted people to pay whole attention to my words so that I could show them how important I was. I was very proud and would show off my achievements in school without considering others' feelings. I had very few friends and most people considered me as an arrogant person. Now, I find it much easier to make friends after making some changes!
23．Why does the author like the book The Secret
A．Because he's found the secret of success from it.
B．Because the book uncovers the secrets of happiness.
C．Because it helps him change his attitude towards life.
D．Because he's learnt his father's character from it.
24．What do you know about the author's father
A．He makes his son feel angry and disappointed.
B．He likes finding faults with people around him.
C．He seems a critical person but in fact is easy-going.
D．He can create a negative atmosphere when necessary.
25．The underlined word "arrogant" in the last paragraph probably means "________".
A．self-important B．admirable C．troublesome D．cold-blooded
26．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To persuade readers to be good listeners.
B．To share his painful changing experience.
C．To tell readers the influence of a book on him.
D．To show the result of his father's negative character.
【答案】23．C
24．B
25．A
26．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文中讲述了 Rhonda Byrne 的书《秘密》对作者人生态度的影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断、词义推断题和写作意图题型的考查，是一篇讲述书的阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
23．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"After I had read my favorite book I began to seek ' good things' in other people"读完我最喜欢的书后，我开始向别人寻求“好东西”；"Another important lesson I got from this book is that I should always behave myself in a positive manner"我从这本书中学到的另一个重要教训是，我应该始终以积极的方式表现自己；以及第四段中的"One more valuable lesson I got from the book is that I should be a good listener"我从这本书中学到的另一个宝贵的教训是，我应该成为一个好的倾听者，可知，《秘密》这本书改变了作者的人生态度，故选 C 。
24．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"My father is the person who constantly looks for mistakes in other people and he thinks no one is perfect in the world"可知，作者的父亲是一个不停地寻找别人错误的人，他认为世界上没有人是完美的，故选B。
25．词义猜测题。根据画线词前的"When I was younger ... I was very proud and would show off my achievements in school without considering others' feelings"可知，作者以前为了能够表明自己是多么重要，只希望人们全神贯注于自己说的话。作者在学校非常骄傲，总是不顾及别人的感受而炫耀自己的成绩，因此别人不愿意和他交朋友，大部分的人认为他是一个妄自尊大的(arrogant)人，self-important 和 arrogant 同义，故选 A。
26．写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文重点讲述了 Rhonda Byrne 的书《秘密》对作者人生态度的影响，使其以更积极和谦恭的态度对待别人。因此作者写本篇文章的目的是告诉读者这本书对作者的影响，故选 C。
8. 阅读理解
It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长目动物). Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition, Columbus wouldn't have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.
The friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves competition. It isn't competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes. Perhaps the ecological definition — the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light — better explains it.
As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwin's theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school, friendship coexists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstances, competition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a student's fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.
Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart. Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.
27．What does the ecological definition mainly explain
A．How friends compete with each other.
B．How to win the competition.
C．What the result of competition is.
D．What competition exactly is.
28．According to the author, what causes the high school students to compete
A．The number of them is too large.
B．Friendship is a burden for them.
C．They know the laws of nature well.
D．They are divided into different groups.
29．Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition
A．Friendship is always based on competition.
B．The degree of competition is vital to friendship.
C．Competition is terribly harmful to friendship.
D．Competition is a result of lost friendship.
30．What does the author think of "competition"
A．The results of competition are out of control.
B．Competition becomes fiercer in high school.
C．Competition is certain to happen in high school.
D．Friendship is not as important as competition in high schools.
【答案】27．D
28．A
29．B
30．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
27．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Perhaps the ecological definition — the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light — better explains it.”两个或者更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光——这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选 D。
28．考查细节理解。根据第三段可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选 A 。
29．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart"可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选 B 。
30．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life"可知，作者认为高中生活的各个方面存在竞争是必然的。故选 C 。
9. 阅读理解
The next generation of artificial intelligence (AI) may be sitting right beneath you, at least if furniture maker IKEA has any say in the matter. The Swedish furniture company's "future-living" research lab in Copenhagen is conducting a survey to understand what people want when it comes to smart furniture.
AI is now walking into more aspects of people's daily lives. Self-driving cars are just around the corner, and AI robots can play and beat the best players of strategy games. As smart home technologies have become more ubiquitous, products ranging from smart electrical outlets (电源插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market. Therefore, it's not surprising that IKEA would be moving in the same direction.
Exactly why people would want their sofa or bed frame to speak to them, track their daily movements or offer help is not yet clear. Though IKEA's new survey doesn't directly answer that question, it does provide a hint of what people would feel comfortable with. Most participants wanted a more human-like form of virtual (虚拟的) assistants, as opposed to one that is more robotic. In terms of the ideal gender (性别) of the assistants, the most popular choice was neither male nor female. Few wanted a religious form of AI.
Just as with human friends, most wanted AI friends that were like them, affirming their own world view. They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent — that could collect data to predict what a person wanted before he or she asked, and that could prevent someone from making mistakes.
This is not the first time that IKEA has set foot in the field of futuristic technologies. In addition to wireless charging tables and chainless bikes that never rust (生锈), the furniture giant has also pictured smart kitchens that can cook the best meal. To decide on how intelligent you want your next sofa or bookshelf to be, you can take IKEA's survey online.
31．What does the underlined word "ubiquitous" in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Beautiful. B．Common. C．Normal. D．Environmental.
32．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The differences between robot-like and human-like assistants.
B．What form of AI assistants people want.
C．What kind of friends people want.
D．The popular robots on the market.
33．Most people who received the survey wanted an AI assistant that could ________.
A．help them become smarter
B．communicate with them without troubles
C．have its own world view
D．deal with their problems in advance
34．Which of the following products are from IKEA
A．Smart sofas that can speak to you.
B．Smart beds that can track your daily movements.
C．Rustless bikes without chains.
D．Wireless charging cars.
【答案】31．B
32．B
33．D
34．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了瑞典家具公司 IKEA 涉足的智能家具的情况。随着科技的发展，人工智能产品层出不穷，IKEA 公司就顾客对智能家具的期望做了调查。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
31．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"products ranging from smart electrical outlets (电源插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market"可知，从智能电源插座到智能烟雾警报器等各种智能产品充斥着市场。可判断，智能家居产品已经变得更加普遍，画线词 ubiquitous 是"十分普遍的"，故 选B。
32．考查段落大意。根据第三段中的" Most participants wanted a more human-like form of virtual (虚拟的) assistants, as opposed to one that is more robotic. In terms of the ideal gender (性别) of the assistants, the most popular choice was neither male nor female. "大多数参与者想要一种更像人的虚拟助理形式，而不是一种更机器人的形式。就助理的理想性别而言，最受欢迎的选择既不是男性也不是女性。点明该段主题。可知，大多数参与者想要更人性化的人工智能助手，而不是呆板机械的机器人。故该段主要介绍了人们想要什么样的人工智能助手，故选 B 。
33．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 "They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent — that could collect data to predict what a person wanted before he or she asked, and that could prevent someone from making mistakes."他们想要一个相当智能的人工智能助手，可以在一个人提出要求之前收集数据来预测他或她想要什么，并且可以防止某人犯错误。可知，人们想要的是能预先帮助他们处理好问题的人工智能助手，故选D 。
34．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“In addition to wireless charging tables and chainless bikes that never rust (生锈), the furniture giant has also pictured smart kitchens that can cook the best meal. ”可知，除了无线充电台和无链条的不生锈自行车以外，该家具巨头还设想了能烹饪美食的智能厨房。故选C。
10. 阅读理解
SHARK CONSERVATION IN SOUTH AFRICA
Take a two-week trip that you will never forget as a volunteer with sharks on a beautiful stretch of South Africa's coastline. Head out to sea to witness one of the world's most powerful (and most misunderstood) creatures on this inspiring project, enjoying watching them from both above and below water.
The DAY-BY-DAY schedule
Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday. You will be collected from the airport and spend your first night in a guest house in the city centre.
Day 2: You will be collected bright and early from the guest house and taken down to the project. The drive takes about 90 minutes. You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks!
Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather. Help out with the full range of tasks on the boats, and in conservation initiatives on land too.
Last day: On the final day of your project you will be taken back to Cape Town for your onward travel.
The price is 829, including the voluntary work programme with accommodations, airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of 375 per week.
It is an amazing experience! Some volunteers planned to stay for 4 weeks, extended to 6 weeks and still didn't want to come home. If you'd like to chat about this holiday or need help, we're very happy to help.
Call us at 01273 823 700.
Email us at rosy@.
35．When will you really begin your shark watching trip
A．On a Friday. B．On a Saturday.
C．On a Sunday. D．On a Monday.
36．What will you probably do on the third day if weather permits
A．Sail on the ocean. B．Return to Cape Town.
C．Buy some souvenirs. D．Dive with sharks.
37．How much will you spend on a three-week shark conservation trip
A． 375. B． 750. C． 829. D． 1,204.
【答案】35．D
36．A
37．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了到南非鲨鱼自然保护区进行的志愿者之旅及其行程安排。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
35．考查细节理解。根据 Day 1 部分中的"Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday"周日抵达开普敦；以及 Day 2 部分中的" You will be collected bright and early from the guest house and taken down to the project. The drive takes about 90 minutes. You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks! "你会很早就被从宾馆接走，并被带到项目中。开车大约需要90分钟。您将受到欢迎，前往大海见证您的第一条鲨鱼！可知，真正的鲨鱼观赏之旅是在周一。故选D。
36．考查细节理解。根据 Day 3+部分中的"Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks" 大多数时候你都会和鲨鱼一起在船上，可知，如果天气条件允许的话，第三天可以在海上航行。故选 A。
37．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Take a two-week trip" 两天的旅行；倒数第四段中的"The price is 829"；以及 "Your trip can be extended at a cost of 375 per week"可知，两周的旅行费用是 829 英镑，之后每延长一周，费用增加 375 英镑。因此三周的旅行费用是 1204 英镑。故选 D。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
阅读理解—北师大版必修三高频考点专练（解析版）
1. 阅读理解
The Sequoia National Park in California's southern Sierra Nevada mountains is best known for the Giant Forest, a collection of 2,000 trees that includes half of the Earth's largest and longest-living trees. This past weekend, the ancient wonders came dangerously close to being burned by the KNP Complex Fire. But thanks to resourceful firefighters, the precious treasure has been saved.
The fire personnel had taken the standard measures of clearing brush and setting controlled fires long before the fire began heading toward the Giant Forest. But they knew more needed to be done. On September 17, 2021, they took the unusual step of covering the base of some of the oldest trees with protective aluminum "blankets". High on the list was General Sherman, the world's largest tree by volume. The park officials believed the specialized foil (锡纸) would help block some of the heat from the flames and enhance the natural insulation (隔热) provided by the ancient trees' thick bark. They were right!
On Sunday, September 19, 2021, the officials reported that the extra prevention measures, which also included 24-hour timed sprinklers (洒水装置) on General Sherman and the nearby park buildings, had worked. Jack Owen, a spokesman for the KNP Complex Fire Information Office, said, "There are no trees that have been burned yet, as far as in the Giant Forest. Fire crews are pouring everything they can into it as long as it's safe. That area is looking good."
Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about the rest of the national park. The KNP Complex Fire has burned through 21,777 acres. Meanwhile, the Windy Fire, which started further south on the Sierra slopes on the same night, has burned over 21,598 acres. Hopefully, the weather will cooperate and allow firefighters to gain control of the massive fires, which are now beginning to threaten nearby communities.
1．What did the firefighters first do to protect the Giant Forest from fire
A．Cover it with specialized foil.
B．Put it on the list of protective steps.
C．Set up a fire prevention belt around it.
D．Identify the features of the complex fire.
2．Why was the specialized foil applied
A．To resist some heat from the fire.
B．To stop the fire from spreading.
C．To keep tree roots from losing water.
D．To test the survival ability of the trees.
3．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Fire crews are ready to withdraw.
B．General Sherman is relatively safe.
C．Nearby buildings have been abandoned.
D．Some trees in the Giant Forest have been cut down.
4．What is the author's attitude towards the safety of the rest of the national park
A．Worried. B．Optimistic. C．Discouraged. D．Unconcerned.
2. 阅读理解
Hong Kong to Macau Transportation
It is really convenient and swift for travelers to travel between Hong Kong and Macau, with a straight-line distance of about 60 kilometers.
Helicopter (直升机) Transport
Helicopter transport is the most swift and convenient means for transportation between Hong Kong and Macau. The length of time for a journey is only 15 minutes.
Service time: The helicopter departs every 30 minutes from 9:00 to 23:00. Passengers should arrive at the waiting room at least 15 minutes before the departure time.
Tel: 2872 7288 (Macau) and 2108 9898 (Hong Kong). Passengers can book a ticket via these telephone numbers.
Approximate ticket fares: The price of a helicopter transport is about 2,700–2,900 yuan per person.
Ship Transport
The length of time for a journey by ship between Hong Kong and Macau is about 50 minutes, which is much longer than that taking a helicopter. However, the ticket fare is much cheaper than taking a helicopter.
Service time and departure interval: The ship departs every 15 minutes from 7:00 to 24:00, and then departs at 0:30, 1:00, 1:30, 2:30, 4:00, 4:45 and 6:00.
Approximate ticket fares: There are different kinds of ticket fares, for day sailing and night sailing and for common seats and luxury seats. The price is from 133 to 268 yuan per seat.
Jetfoil (水翼喷射船) Transport
Passengers also can take a jetfoil: a five-star Premier Jetfoil with luxurious services of high quality coming and going among Macau, Hong Kong and Hong Kong International Airport, and the length of time for each route is about 55 minutes.
Service time and departure interval: The jetfoil departs every 1 hour from 8:00–22:00.
Approximate ticket fares: The common seat for day sailing is 250–320 yuan per person. The luxury seat for day sailing is 450–560 yuan per person.
5．What are the helicopter passengers required to do
A．Arrive at least a quarter earlier.
B．Check the departure time online.
C．Choose the kind of seat on the spot.
D．Pay for an extra insurance fee.
6．What is the advantage of jetfoil transport over the other two
A．Its comfort level. B．The price of tickets.
C．The length of time. D．The frequency of transportation.
7．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．A travel diary.
C．A travel website. D．A science report.
3. 阅读理解
Long Walks in Europe
Waldst tterweg Trail, Lucerne, Switzerland
·Distance 71 miles
The Waldst tterweg Trail (路线) is one of the safest when it comes to snowy conditions, and the views and the colours of the trees are breathtaking at the end of October. This seven-stage route trails the shore of Lake Lucerne, with the glaring blue water being a constant companion. Old paths and elegant trails through woods link lakeside settlements.
Harz Witches Trail, Lower Saxony, Germany
·Distance 58 miles
The Harz Mountains have long been associated with German folklore (民俗). Harz Witches Trail runs along forest tracks through Harz National Park and can be walked throughout October and beyond. The route takes in forests, Germany's largest wooden church, and a 439-metre rope suspension bridge. It also follows the poet Goethe's hiking route up the Brocken.
GR141, Andalucía, Spain
·Distance 68 miles
Autumn isn't just a good time to walk in Andalucía. The weather stays warm long after winter starts to bite further north. It's cheaper and less crowded, too. In November, conditions are milder here and some plants continue to flower. And two newly created GR routes begin here: both are well marked, reasonably challenging, divided into six stages and walkable in a week.
Menalon Trail, Peloponnese, Greece
·Distance 47 miles
The Menalon Trail is an excellent option for autumn. Temperatures are pleasant and autumn colours are wonderful well into November. It's a quiet time to visit, too. Nights in mountain villages are a highlight. Dimitsana, surrounded by pine forests and snowy peaks, is a particular jewel; In Stemnitsa, there is a folklore museum showcasing the village's jewellery-making heritage.
8．Which trail may attract people who are interested in folk and local religious culture
A．Waldst tterweg Trail. B．Harz Witches Trail.
C．GR141. D．Menalon Trail.
9．What can people do on Menalon Trail
A．Admire colorful flowers. B．Enjoy wonderful nights.
C．Learn about local festivals. D．Explore the forests.
10．What do the listed four trails have in common
A．They cover similar distances. B．They require no charges.
C．They suit autumn walks. D．They feature snow scenery.
4. 阅读理解
Guy Noble, one of Australia's most famous conductors, who conducted the touring concert "East Meets West", said he'd like to learn more about Chinese music. "I'm impressed by the history and the beauty Chinese music has," he's said in an interview recently.
"East Meets West" concert tour in Australia was resumed this year after being postponed twice due to the pandemic. It was hosted in Canberra last Saturday, bringing audiences some well-known Chinese and Western pieces such as Jasmine Flower, Carmen, Romeo and Juliet, and The Yellow River.
While it was called "East Meets West", music from China and the West with the same themes was brought together. Chinese singer Ya Fen and Australian singer Victoria Lambourn performed a duet (二重唱) Hope Betrayed, which was inspired by the Chinese classic novel A Dream of Red Mansions. Noble said he loved the duet as it showed completely different singing styles: traditional Chinese opera style and Western opera style. "They're not exactly the same, but they came together," he said.
Having been a professional conductor for more than 20 years, Noble called music an international language. He noted that most music at the concert was about love, which was also an international language. He also spoke highly of some Chinese musicians, such as pianist Lang Lang who he thought has inspired many kids in China to learn music.
Noble admitted his knowledge of Chinese culture was limited. He said that conducting the Canberra concert was "an experience that I've enjoyed", which made him more interested in discovering the background and history of the music, as well as the stories behind it. Noble is ready to create more things that can involve dance or calligraphy or some of the other aspects of Chinese culture, and put them together with music.
11．What does the underlined word "resumed" in paragraph 2 mean
A．Restarted. B．Expanded. C．Paused. D．Concluded.
12．Why did Noble enjoy Hope Betrayed
A．Because it impressed him with its history.
B．Because it was inspired by a classic novel.
C．Because it showed two performing styles.
D．Because it was performed by an Australian.
13．What can we learn about Noble from the text
A．He is an amateur conductor.
B．He speaks highly of all Chinese musicians.
C．He has a wide knowledge of Chinese culture.
D．He intends to integrate more Chinese elements into music.
14．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．Guy Noble: A Famous Australian Conductor
B．An Australian's Passion for Chinese Culture
C．Music: A Bridge to Understanding Each Other
D．The Cooperation Between Foreign Musicians
5. 阅读理解
For centuries, Central America's Garifuna people have kept the culture's spoken history alive through their ancestors' native language. But decades of modernization, random native-language training in Garifuna schools, intermarriage between cultures, and the ridicule (嘲笑) of young people who speak the language, together led to Garifuna being listed on the UNESCO Atlas (地图集) of Endangered Languages in 2001.
The threat of language extinction isn't new. Some linguists estimate that a language dies every two weeks, as some languages become important tools for social and economic exchange, while others are pushed to the margins (边缘). But there are ways to save at-risk languages as well. The key is that the language needs to be thought of less as preserved, "but indeed part of their present and future life," says Liliana Sánchez, a linguist and professor at the University of Illinois.
That's exactly what the Garinagu (Garifuna people) are doing. For the past two decades, Garifuna artists have used a cultural cornerstone — spirited dance music — to inspire young Garinagu to learn and share their native language. Now, with a new Garifuna Tourism Trail project in Belize, travelers can experience and support the cultural revival, too.
Palacio, a leader in the cultural revival, gathered Garifuna musicians across Central America to form a band named the Garifuna Collective in 2007. Their Garifuna lyrics sent a powerful message: It's time to defend our culture. With multiple world tours and international music awards later, the Garifuna Collective put Garifuna on the international map and took Belize along with it. Although Palacio passed away in 2008, his lyrics and the work of Garifuna musicians lit a cultural flame for Garinagu worldwide.
Will music save the Garifuna language Time will tell. Garifuna remains on UNESCO's endangered-language list, last updated in 2010. And, as the Hawaiians just learned from revitalizing (使恢复生机) their own language, this kind of revival is a long, multi-generational road.
15．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The origin of the Garifuna language.
B．Reasons for Garifuna's being endangered.
C．The endangered languages of 2001.
D．Ways to save the Garifuna language.
16．What is Liliana Sánchez's opinion on saving at-risk languages
A．They should be protected by singing songs.
B．They should be preserved as much as possible.
C．They should be made use of in everyday life.
D．They should be advertised by tourists.
17．How does the author like Palacio's work
A．Overwhelming. B．Challenging. C．Interesting. D．Rewarding.
18．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Garifuna has been removed from the list.
B．Music is sure to save the Garifuna language.
C．It'll take great efforts to preserve Garifuna.
D．Hawaiians are better at protecting their culture.
6. 阅读理解
Advanced machinery has changed agriculture greatly, but many tasks are still done by hand. Manual pickers can select and handle ripe produce more precisely, which reduces damage, while machines require a lot of upfront (预付的) investment. But in a warming world, farm labour has its own cost in the form of heat stress which can lead to serious diseases.
Data from the EU's Earth monitoring program showed that the seven years before 2022 were the hottest on record. According to one study, at least 65 workers died from heat-related illness on US farms between 2002 and 2021. Another study concluded that American crop workers were 20 times more likely to die as a result of heat stress than other civilian employees.
The average number of unsafe summer working days in the US is expected to double by 2050. The threat is worse in southern Asia and western Africa, where the impact of global warming on human health and productivity is expected to be most extreme. The accumulated global cost in terms of output and working days lost due to heat stress is estimated to reach 2,400 billion dollars by 2030, according to the International Labour Organization.
Some countries have made laws to prevent heat illness. California was the first US state to bring in a large number of rules to protect outdoor workers in 2005. On days above 26 degrees Celsius, employers have to provide shelter for workers during rest periods. When temperatures rise above 35 degrees, workers must have regular breaks. Since the rules came into force, the number of reported deaths from environmental heat exposure in California has fallen from 10 in 2005 to 3 in 2019.
A new federal standard to fight against heat risks across the US is currently in the works (在筹备中). But campaigners say many farm workers, especially immigrants, may be afraid to raise concerns for fear of losing their jobs. They also worry that doctors are unaware of or may fail to recognize the long-term damage from repeated exposure to heat stress, an ongoing threat for millions of agricultural labourers around the world.
19．What is one advantage of manual pickers compared with advanced machinery
A．They have a good effect on agriculture.
B．They help farm crops ripen earlier.
C．They reduce the loss of agricultural produce.
D．They cut the cost of heat stress.
20．What can be learned from the studies in paragraph 2
A．The year 2022 is the hottest in history.
B．American civilians are free of heat stress.
C．US workers have heat-related diseases easily.
D．American farmers have suffered from heat stress badly.
21．Why is California mentioned in the text
A．To show the effect of laws to avoid heat-related diseases.
B．To remind us of the danger of global warming.
C．To praise the efforts to protect outdoor workers.
D．To help the farm workers to be protected.
22．What may worry farm workers according to campaigners
A．Heat risks. B．Unemployment.
C．The new federal standard. D．Exposure to heat stress.
7. 阅读理解
My favorite book, The Secret by Rhonda Byrne, talks about a formula called "SFF", which stands for "stopping finding faults". I used to be a critical person and tried to find faults. I guess I somehow inherited this character from my father. Actually many good qualities of my father are worth admiring except this.
My father is the person who constantly looks for mistakes in other people and he thinks no one is perfect in the world. His character created a negative atmosphere in my family. I was the same as my father, so I often felt angry, disappointed, depressed, and lonely in school.
After I had read my favorite book I began to seek "good things" in other people. It has completely altered my life. Now I feel happier, I have more friends, I have more trust in people, and I realize everyone has their own strength! Another important lesson I got from this book is that I should always behave myself in a positive manner. Let's admit that we sometimes complain about our situation. That's not good. "Believe it or not, people don't like to listen to negative opinions."
One more valuable lesson I got from the book is that I should be a good listener. When I was younger, I only wanted people to pay whole attention to my words so that I could show them how important I was. I was very proud and would show off my achievements in school without considering others' feelings. I had very few friends and most people considered me as an arrogant person. Now, I find it much easier to make friends after making some changes!
23．Why does the author like the book The Secret
A．Because he's found the secret of success from it.
B．Because the book uncovers the secrets of happiness.
C．Because it helps him change his attitude towards life.
D．Because he's learnt his father's character from it.
24．What do you know about the author's father
A．He makes his son feel angry and disappointed.
B．He likes finding faults with people around him.
C．He seems a critical person but in fact is easy-going.
D．He can create a negative atmosphere when necessary.
25．The underlined word "arrogant" in the last paragraph probably means "________".
A．self-important B．admirable C．troublesome D．cold-blooded
26．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To persuade readers to be good listeners.
B．To share his painful changing experience.
C．To tell readers the influence of a book on him.
D．To show the result of his father's negative character.
8. 阅读理解
It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长目动物). Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition, Columbus wouldn't have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.
The friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves competition. It isn't competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes. Perhaps the ecological definition — the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light — better explains it.
As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwin's theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school, friendship coexists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstances, competition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a student's fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.
Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart. Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.
27．What does the ecological definition mainly explain
A．How friends compete with each other.
B．How to win the competition.
C．What the result of competition is.
D．What competition exactly is.
28．According to the author, what causes the high school students to compete
A．The number of them is too large.
B．Friendship is a burden for them.
C．They know the laws of nature well.
D．They are divided into different groups.
29．Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition
A．Friendship is always based on competition.
B．The degree of competition is vital to friendship.
C．Competition is terribly harmful to friendship.
D．Competition is a result of lost friendship.
30．What does the author think of "competition"
A．The results of competition are out of control.
B．Competition becomes fiercer in high school.
C．Competition is certain to happen in high school.
D．Friendship is not as important as competition in high schools.
9. 阅读理解
The next generation of artificial intelligence (AI) may be sitting right beneath you, at least if furniture maker IKEA has any say in the matter. The Swedish furniture company's "future-living" research lab in Copenhagen is conducting a survey to understand what people want when it comes to smart furniture.
AI is now walking into more aspects of people's daily lives. Self-driving cars are just around the corner, and AI robots can play and beat the best players of strategy games. As smart home technologies have become more ubiquitous, products ranging from smart electrical outlets (电源插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market. Therefore, it's not surprising that IKEA would be moving in the same direction.
Exactly why people would want their sofa or bed frame to speak to them, track their daily movements or offer help is not yet clear. Though IKEA's new survey doesn't directly answer that question, it does provide a hint of what people would feel comfortable with. Most participants wanted a more human-like form of virtual (虚拟的) assistants, as opposed to one that is more robotic. In terms of the ideal gender (性别) of the assistants, the most popular choice was neither male nor female. Few wanted a religious form of AI.
Just as with human friends, most wanted AI friends that were like them, affirming their own world view. They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent — that could collect data to predict what a person wanted before he or she asked, and that could prevent someone from making mistakes.
This is not the first time that IKEA has set foot in the field of futuristic technologies. In addition to wireless charging tables and chainless bikes that never rust (生锈), the furniture giant has also pictured smart kitchens that can cook the best meal. To decide on how intelligent you want your next sofa or bookshelf to be, you can take IKEA's survey online.
31．What does the underlined word "ubiquitous" in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Beautiful. B．Common. C．Normal. D．Environmental.
32．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The differences between robot-like and human-like assistants.
B．What form of AI assistants people want.
C．What kind of friends people want.
D．The popular robots on the market.
33．Most people who received the survey wanted an AI assistant that could ________.
A．help them become smarter
B．communicate with them without troubles
C．have its own world view
D．deal with their problems in advance
34．Which of the following products are from IKEA
A．Smart sofas that can speak to you.
B．Smart beds that can track your daily movements.
C．Rustless bikes without chains.
D．Wireless charging cars.
10. 阅读理解
SHARK CONSERVATION IN SOUTH AFRICA
Take a two-week trip that you will never forget as a volunteer with sharks on a beautiful stretch of South Africa's coastline. Head out to sea to witness one of the world's most powerful (and most misunderstood) creatures on this inspiring project, enjoying watching them from both above and below water.
The DAY-BY-DAY schedule
Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday. You will be collected from the airport and spend your first night in a guest house in the city centre.
Day 2: You will be collected bright and early from the guest house and taken down to the project. The drive takes about 90 minutes. You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks!
Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather. Help out with the full range of tasks on the boats, and in conservation initiatives on land too.
Last day: On the final day of your project you will be taken back to Cape Town for your onward travel.
The price is 829, including the voluntary work programme with accommodations, airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of 375 per week.
It is an amazing experience! Some volunteers planned to stay for 4 weeks, extended to 6 weeks and still didn't want to come home. If you'd like to chat about this holiday or need help, we're very happy to help.
Call us at 01273 823 700.
Email us at rosy@.
35．When will you really begin your shark watching trip
A．On a Friday. B．On a Saturday.
C．On a Sunday. D．On a Monday.
36．What will you probably do on the third day if weather permits
A．Sail on the ocean. B．Return to Cape Town.
C．Buy some souvenirs. D．Dive with sharks.
37．How much will you spend on a three-week shark conservation trip
A． 375. B． 750. C． 829. D． 1,204.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
