阅读理解—新人教版必修三高频考点专练（原卷板+解析版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
阅读理解—新人教版必修三高频考点专练（解析版）
1. 阅读理解
Hong Kong to Macau Transportation
It is really convenient and swift for travelers to travel between Hong Kong and Macau, with a straight-line distance of about 60 kilometers.
Helicopter (直升机) Transport
Helicopter transport is the most swift and convenient means for transportation between Hong Kong and Macau. The length of time for a journey is only 15 minutes.
Service time: The helicopter departs every 30 minutes from 9:00 to 23:00. Passengers should arrive at the waiting room at least 15 minutes before the departure time.
Tel: 2872 7288 (Macau) and 2108 9898 (Hong Kong). Passengers can book a ticket via these telephone numbers.
Approximate ticket fares: The price of a helicopter transport is about 2,700–2,900 yuan per person.
Ship Transport
The length of time for a journey by ship between Hong Kong and Macau is about 50 minutes, which is much longer than that taking a helicopter. However, the ticket fare is much cheaper than taking a helicopter.
Service time and departure interval: The ship departs every 15 minutes from 7:00 to 24:00, and then departs at 0:30, 1:00, 1:30, 2:30, 4:00, 4:45 and 6:00.
Approximate ticket fares: There are different kinds of ticket fares, for day sailing and night sailing and for common seats and luxury seats. The price is from 133 to 268 yuan per seat.
Jetfoil (水翼喷射船) Transport
Passengers also can take a jetfoil: a five-star Premier Jetfoil with luxurious services of high quality coming and going among Macau, Hong Kong and Hong Kong International Airport, and the length of time for each route is about 55 minutes.
Service time and departure interval: The jetfoil departs every 1 hour from 8:00–22:00.
Approximate ticket fares: The common seat for day sailing is 250–320 yuan per person. The luxury seat for day sailing is 450–560 yuan per person.
1．What are the helicopter passengers required to do
A．Arrive at least a quarter earlier.
B．Check the departure time online.
C．Choose the kind of seat on the spot.
D．Pay for an extra insurance fee.
2．What is the advantage of jetfoil transport over the other two
A．Its comfort level. B．The price of tickets.
C．The length of time. D．The frequency of transportation.
3．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．A travel diary.
C．A travel website. D．A science report.
【答案】1．A
2．A
3．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港到澳门的三种交通方式及其时长和票价等相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
1．细节理解题。根据Helicopter (直升机) Transport部分Service time的第二句“Passengers should arrive at the waiting room at least 15 minutes before the departure time旅客应在飞机起飞前至少15分钟到达候机室”，可知乘坐直升机的乘客需要至少提前15分钟到达候机室。故选A。
2．细节理解题。通读全文尤其是Jetfoil (水翼喷射船) Transport部分第一段中的“a five-star Premier Jetfoil with luxurious services of high quality五星级的Premier Jetfoil，提供高品质的豪华服务”，可知水翼喷射船在舒适度上比其他两种交通方式更有优势。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了香港到澳门的三种交通方式及其时长和票价等相关信息。由此可推知，本文可能选自一个旅游网站。故选C。
2. 阅读理解
Every day Zhao Dong goes around the city on a two-wheeled motorcycle running errands (差事) for its citizens for around eight hours. At night, the 26-year-old young man, taking off his helmet (头盔) and blue jacket, dives into small theaters where he is going to use stand-up comic sets inspired by his personal stories as a deliveryman to make people laugh.
In 2019, he found that running errands can bring him a good income. Then he moved from his hometown to Xi'an, and became a deliveryman. He turned all the hardships he has been going through these years into funny jokes, which brings a refreshing life. For him, the skill of humor is not something he was born with, but what he has been diligently (勤奋地) training with his sincerity and eagerness to get a better life.
On a freezing winter night, he stopped for a while in a bar after finishing the errands and heard rounds of cheers and laughs coming from the bar, and he was told that it was an open-mic event for stand-up comedy (脱口秀) . He was crazy with the joyous atmosphere into which he wanted to get himself integrated. The club owner later sent him a guidebook for stand-up comedy and gave him a chance to go on stage. His performance attracted wider attention and he received an invitation from the Shanghai-based comedy company Xiaoguo Culture to join a comic training camp last year. It was his first time to take a plane and get out from Shaanxi province. He soon found that Shanghai offers more opportunities for stand-up comedy performers.
In October, he moved to the city. There, he still chose to be a deliveryman and put on comic performances for four or five times a week. For him, what's special about the comic form is its inclusiveness (包容性). "It welcomes people from all walks of life and varied backgrounds to share stories and express opinions on the same stage," he says.
4．What does Zhao Dong want to do by using the stand-up comic sets
A．To introduce his personal stories.
B．To build up his confidence to be a deliveryman.
C．To provide more sources of amusement for people.
D．To help himself to adapt to his new job as soon as possible.
5．What does the underlined word "integrated" mean in paragraph 3
A．included. B．interested. C．injured. D．investigated.
6．What can we learn about the deliveryman from paragraph 3
A．He left Shanghai by plane for the first time.
B．He found his stand-up comedy career may take off in Shanghai.
C．He put on some performances to attract people's attention.
D．He rejected the invitation from a Shanghai-based comedy company.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．How a deliveryman earns a lot of money.
B．How a deliveryman puts on performance on the street.
C．How a deliveryman shares stories with all walks of life.
D．How a deliveryman finds a new role with a sense of humor.
【答案】4．C
5．A
6．B
7．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了快递员Zhao Dong每天白天骑着摩托车在城里送快递，晚上在小剧院表演脱口秀的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。考查阅读理解。词义猜测题、推理判断题、和主旨大意题都是常考题型。词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思；推理判断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨大意题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“At night, the 26-year-old young man, taking off his helmet (头盔) and blue jacket, dives into small theaters where he is going to use stand-up comic sets inspired by his personal stories as a deliveryman to make people laugh晚上，这位26岁的年轻人会摘下头盔，脱下蓝色夹克，走进小剧场，用单口相声表演来逗乐观众。他的灵感来自他做快递员时的亲身经历”，可知Zhao Dong表演脱口秀是想为人们提供更多的娱乐源泉。故选C。
5．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“He was crazy with the joyous atmosphere欢乐的气氛使他欣喜若狂"及后文“His performance attracted wider attention他的表演引起了更广泛的关注”，可知Zhao Dong想融入这种愉快的气氛。由此可推知，画线词integrated应意为“融入群体”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“He soon found that Shanghai offers more opportunities for stand-up comedy performers他很快发现上海为单口相声演员提供了更多的机会”，可知上海为脱口秀演员提供更多机会，由此可推知Zhao Dong的脱口秀事业也许在上海会有更好的发展。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了快递员Zhao Dong每天白天骑着摩托车在城里送快递，晚上在小剧院表演脱口秀的故事。D项"一名快递员是如何找到了一个有幽默感的新角色"符合文章主旨。故选D。
3. 阅读理解
The Sequoia National Park in California's southern Sierra Nevada mountains is best known for the Giant Forest, a collection of 2,000 trees that includes half of the Earth's largest and longest-living trees. This past weekend, the ancient wonders came dangerously close to being burned by the KNP Complex Fire. But thanks to resourceful firefighters, the precious treasure has been saved.
The fire personnel had taken the standard measures of clearing brush and setting controlled fires long before the fire began heading toward the Giant Forest. But they knew more needed to be done. On September 17, 2021, they took the unusual step of covering the base of some of the oldest trees with protective aluminum "blankets". High on the list was General Sherman, the world's largest tree by volume. The park officials believed the specialized foil (锡纸) would help block some of the heat from the flames and enhance the natural insulation (隔热) provided by the ancient trees' thick bark. They were right!
On Sunday, September 19, 2021, the officials reported that the extra prevention measures, which also included 24-hour timed sprinklers (洒水装置) on General Sherman and the nearby park buildings, had worked. Jack Owen, a spokesman for the KNP Complex Fire Information Office, said, "There are no trees that have been burned yet, as far as in the Giant Forest. Fire crews are pouring everything they can into it as long as it's safe. That area is looking good."
Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about the rest of the national park. The KNP Complex Fire has burned through 21,777 acres. Meanwhile, the Windy Fire, which started further south on the Sierra slopes on the same night, has burned over 21,598 acres. Hopefully, the weather will cooperate and allow firefighters to gain control of the massive fires, which are now beginning to threaten nearby communities.
8．What did the firefighters first do to protect the Giant Forest from fire
A．Cover it with specialized foil.
B．Put it on the list of protective steps.
C．Set up a fire prevention belt around it.
D．Identify the features of the complex fire.
9．Why was the specialized foil applied
A．To resist some heat from the fire.
B．To stop the fire from spreading.
C．To keep tree roots from losing water.
D．To test the survival ability of the trees.
10．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Fire crews are ready to withdraw.
B．General Sherman is relatively safe.
C．Nearby buildings have been abandoned.
D．Some trees in the Giant Forest have been cut down.
11．What is the author's attitude towards the safety of the rest of the national park
A．Worried. B．Optimistic. C．Discouraged. D．Unconcerned.
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．B
11．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了消防员通过努力拯救了the Giant Forest里的一些千年老树。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种常考题型，细节理解题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是第一句“The fire personnel had taken the standard measures of clearing brush and setting controlled fires long before the fire began heading toward the Giant Forest早在大火开始向巨人森林蔓延之前，消防人员就采取了清理灌木丛和控制火势的标准措施”，可知消防员们为保护the Giant Forest首先使用的是标准方法，即在森林周围设立防火带。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段第五句中的“The park officials believed the specialized foil (锡纸) would help block some of the heat from the flames公园管理人员认为，这种特殊的箔纸可以帮助阻挡火焰的部分热量”，可知这种特殊的锡纸可以阻挡火焰的部分热量。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段内容尤其是第一句中的“which also included 24-hour timed sprinklers (洒水装置) on General Sherman and the nearby park buildings, had worked还包括在谢尔曼将军和附近公园建筑上的24小时定时洒水装置，已经起效”以及最后一句“That area is looking good那个区域看起来不错”，可知General Sherman和公园附近的建筑物上的24小时定时洒水装置起了作用。那片地区目前看起来不错。由此可推知，General Sherman是相对安全的。故选B。
11．观点态度题。根据最后一段内容尤其是第一句“Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about the rest of the national park不幸的是，国家公园的其他地方就不一样了”和最后一句中的”which are now beginning to threaten nearby communities现在已经开始威胁到附近的社区了”，可知国家公园的其他地方并不像the Giant Forest那样被保护得这么好。现在大火已经威胁到附近的社区了。由此可推知，作者对国家公园其余地方的安全很担忧。故选A。
4. 阅读理解
In Birmingham, one school is offering its students an education that will change their lives. The unique program is called Build UP, which enables students to earn a high school certificate while working as paid apprentices (学徒) in construction work. As part of their training, they remodel old and abandoned houses in their neighborhood!
At any school, the burden on students can be heavy, and for those in low-income areas, it is much heavier. "The kids that I've worked with during my entire career are all from disadvantaged groups with all the challenges that come with poverty," said educator Mark Martin. So he founded Build UP in 2018 to offer students a different kind of education: real-world training.
As far as real-world issues are concerned, for low-income communities, one of the biggest needs is housing. That's why Build UP made construction their main focus, offering a combination of regular and specialized classes. That way, instead of hearing the age-old question "When am I ever going to use this " in a geometry class, their teachers are able to redirect students to a shop class (工艺课). There, students can connect those math principles to the building of a roof.
The program hopes to draw in students who are likely to quit school by offering wages for their apprenticeships. Students receive $125 every two weeks when they start out as apprentices and can eventually work up to getting $200 every two weeks. Upon graduation, they have the opportunity to get an interest-free loan to purchase the remodeled homes.
So far, they have been doing a pretty amazing job. And now with the help of a loan company, the program has the opportunity to bring their model to communities everywhere! They plan to first add similar programs in nearby neighborhoods. After that, they hope to train others to start similar schools and expand their network of partners — particularly construction companies that can offer jobs to their students.
12．Why did Mark Martin found Build UP
A．To lighten students' academic burden.
B．To help students from tough backgrounds.
C．To reconstruct and reuse unwanted houses.
D．To train students to build homes.
13．What is the feature of Build UP's classes
A．They combine theory and practice.
B．They teach knowledge of the bank loan.
C．They center on age-old unsolved questions.
D．They explain math principles in simple words.
14．What does the Build UP program expect to do
A．Reach out to more people.
B．Offer students more job opportunities.
C．Found more similar schools themselves.
D．Get more funds from construction companies.
15．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．Build UP: A Solution to the Housing Problem
B．Build UP: A Breakthrough in the Construction Industry
C．Build UP: Changing Community Education for the Better
D．Build UP: Giving Students Power Through Home Building
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．A
15．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Build UP这一项目创立的初衷、开展状况及未来规划。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The kids that I've worked with during my entire career are all from disadvantaged groups with all the challenges that come with poverty在我的整个职业生涯中，我接触过的孩子都来自弱势群体，他们面临着贫困带来的所有挑战”以及“So he founded ... offer students a different kind of education所以他创立了…为学生提供一种不同的教育”，可知Mark Martin整个职业生涯都在与来自贫困群体的孩子们打交道，深知他们面临着贫困带来的各种挑战。由此可知，Mark Martin成立Build UP就是为了帮助这些来自贫困家庭的孩子。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“offering a combination of regular and specialized classes提供常规课程和专业课程的结合”及”connect those math principles to the building of a roof把这些数学原理和建造屋顶联系起来”，可知Build UP的课程特点是它们将理论与实践相结合。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the program has the opportunity to bring their model to communities everywhere该项目有机会将他们的模式推广到各地的社区”，可知Build UP现在有机会将他们的模式带到世界各地的社区！由此可推知，Build UP希望帮助更多人。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是Build UP这一项目让低收入家庭的学生在接受常规教育的同时在建筑领域充当学徒工作以获取酬劳，帮助他们减轻贫困带来的负担，进而改变他们的人生。D项概括了全文的主要内容，适合作本文的标题。故选D。
5. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
Experts say that engaging in playful activities through adulthood can help lower stress, improve cognitive functions, and build social bonds with others, which is so much more than what your phone can do for you. So what are you waiting for Round up the family, grab one of these lawn games for adults, and let the good time sroll.
Spikeball Game Set $59.99
The flexible, hula-hoop-sized net stands on its foldable legs and can be taken to the beach or the park to give four players plenty of space to run around. Start the two-on-two game by bouncing a ball off the net, sending it flying toward your opponents—they have three passes between them to send the ball back over to your team. When they miss, you score, and the first one to get to 21 wins.
The Pocket Shot $25.00
Who doesn't love lining up cans and shooting them down with a slingshot It's demanding yet thrilling. The Pocket Shot is a super powerful slingshot that shoots at two or three times the rate of a regular slingshot. It's super tiny, so it fits in your pocket.
Giant 4-Connect-In-A-Row $79.99
Two players at a time try to insert their red or blue coins into the wooden frame to form a vertical or horizontal line of all the same color. It's way more challenging than you'd think.
16．According to the first paragraph, in what way can lawn games benefit adults
A．Helping them gain strong build. B．Boosting their intelligence.
C．Stopping their phone use. D．Ridding them of pressure.
17．How many players are needed when Spikeball Game Set is played
A．Two. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
18．What do the second and third game have in common
A．They are of pocket size. B．They are cheap to buy.
C．They take skills to play. D．They need two players.
【答案】16．D
17．B
18．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三种草坪游戏以及价格等信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
16．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Experts say that engaging in playful activities through adulthood can help lower stress, improve cognitive functions, and build social bonds with others, which is so much more than what your phone can do for you.”专家表示，在成年期参与有趣的活动可以帮助减轻压力，改善认知功能，并与他人建立社会联系，这比你的手机能为你做的多得多。可知，草坪游戏可以给成年人减压。故选D。
17．考查细节理解。根据 Spikeball Game Set $59.99 部分中的"Start the two-on-two game by bouncing a ball off the net, sending it flying toward your opponents—they have three passes between them to send the ball back over to your team.”在二对二比赛开始时，将球反弹到网外，让球飞向你的对手——对方有三次传球机会将球传回你的球队。可知，当玩Spikeball Game Set时需要四个玩家。故选B。
18．考查细节理解。根据 The Pocket Shot $25.00 部分中的"It's demanding yet thrilling.”它要求很高，但也很刺激；以及 Giant 4-Connect-In-A-Row $79.99 部分中的"Two players at a time try to insert their red or blue coins into the wooden frame to form a vertical or horizontal line of all the same color. It's way more challenging than you'd think. ”两名玩家一次将他们的红色或蓝色硬币插入木框中，形成一条颜色相同的垂直线或水平线。这比你想象的更有挑战性。可知，第二和第三个游戏的共同之处是它们需要技巧。故选C。
6. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
Facebook lets friends connect. They can give each other updates, share photos and post comments. But that's not all.
Facebook might also stress users out.
In a new study, 88 volunteers revealed how much time they spent on Facebook and the types of Facebook posts and comments that they made. In addition, they answered questions about their feelings and state of mind. They also offered saliva. Researchers tested it for cortisol（皮质醇）. This chemical is a stress hormone. Levels of it vary throughout the day.
In this study, people with the most Facebook friends, more than 300, had somewhat higher cortisol levels. Additionally, the more Facebook friends that users had, the more likely they were to feel anxious. On the other hand, youths who gave lots of "likes" and supportive comments on Facebook had lower cortisol levels. "The more social support you give to others, the lower your stress hormone levels will be, " says Lupien.
"This research decidedly combines the social science approach and the medical science approach on an important question in our social-media age, " says Wenhong Chen, a sociologist at the University of Texas at Austin. "It's really pleasantly new to see Lupien's team study cortisol levels—along with questionnaire data."
One finding from Lupien's work surprised Chen. Teens who felt they got a lot of support from others also had higher cortisol levels. Usually, she says, those feelings should protect people from stress. "There are many potential dangers of social media use among young people, " Chen notes. So, she says, enjoy Facebook, but be aware of the risks.
Lupien suggests that teen Facebook users share information with and support their friends on the site. They shouldn't just stay silent. "if anyone is more stressed, it's the watchers, not the sharers, " she says. Also, she recommends that people who use social media heavily should find time to take active walks, to run or to do other activities. Cortisol increases a person's energy. "The best way to reduce stress hormones is to use the energy, '' she says.
19．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．research applications B．research backgrounds
C．research contents D．research results
20．What should we do if we want to feel less stressed
A．Share as many photos as possible.
B．Listen to music frequently on social media.
C．Give more positive comments to others.
D．Communicate less with others on Facebook.
21．What is Wenhong Chen's attitude towards Lupien's study
A．Cautious B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
22．What can be learned from Lupien's suggestion
A．There are many dangers on social media.
B．Doing physical exercise helps reduce the levels of cortisol.
C．Sharers on Facebook live a happier life than watchers.
D．Getting support from e-friends makes us healthier.
【答案】19．C
20．C
21．D
22．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究发现，长期使用社交媒体的人，可以通过给别人积极的评论来降低自己压力荷尔蒙水平。此外，体育运动也可以降低皮质醇，从而降低人的压力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
19．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“In a new study, 88 volunteers revealed how much time they spent on Facebook and the types of Facebook posts and comments that they made. In addition, they answered questions about their feelings and state of mind. They also offered saliva. Researchers tested it for cortisol. （皮质醇） ”在一项新的研究中，88名志愿者花了多少时间在Facebook上，以及他们在Facebook上发表的帖子和评论的类型。此外，他们还回答关于他们感受和精神状态的问题。他们还提供唾液。研究人员测试他们的皮质醇。可知，本段主要介绍了研究的内容。故选C。
20．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"On the other hand, youths who gave lots of ‘likes’and supportive comments on Facebook had lower cortisol levels. ‘The more social support you give to others, the lower your stress hormone levels will be, 'says Lupien.”另一方面，在Facebook上给很多"赞"和支持性评论的年轻人的皮质醇水平较低。卢平说："你给与他人的支持越多，你的压力荷尔蒙水平就会越低"。可推测，如果我们想压力更少，可以多给别人积极的评论。故选C。
21．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的''‘This research decidedly combines the social science approach and the medical science approach on an important question in our social-media age,'says Wenhong Chen”陈文红说："这项研究明确地将社会科学方法和医学方法结合起来，来研究我们这个社交媒体时代的一个重要问题"；以及''It's ready pleasantly new to see Lupien's team study cortisol levels-along with questionnaire data. '' 看到卢平团队研究皮质醇水平和问卷调查数据，我们已经准备好迎接新的惊喜。可推测，陈文红对卢平团队的研究持支持态度。故选D。
22．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Also, she recommends that people who use social media heavily should find time to take active walks, to run or to do other activities. Cortisol increases a person's energy. ‘The best way to reduce stress hormones is to use the energy, ’ she says.”卢平建议频繁使用社交媒体的人应该找时间进行积极的散步、跑步或者其他活动。皮质醇增加一个人的能量。减少压力荷尔蒙的最好方法是利用这些能量。可知，体育锻炼可以消耗能量，从而降低皮质醇。故选B。
7. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
"Can you imagine " Diébédo Francis Kéré said to NPR, "I was born in Burkina Faso, a little village where there was no school. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could translate or read him his letters."
The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universit t Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built the innovative Gando Primary School.
Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better." In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write.
23．Why did the Pritzker Architecture Prize of 2022 come out as a surprise
A．Because it is the most famous prize.
B．Because the winner only designs schools.
C．Because another competitor was more famous.
D．Because Kéré wasn't first selected as a candidate.
24．What inspired Kéré's architecture work
A．His academic training in Berlin. B．Hardship in his early childhood.
C．An architectural contest. D．His experience traveling abroad.
25．Which of the following best describes Kéré as an architect
A．Creative and universal. B．Caring and practical.
C．Determined and ambitious. D．Devoted and productive.
26．What can be inferred about the schools designed by Kéré
A．They only use traditional materials.
B．They need no air-conditioning.
C．They are well-lit and cool.
D．They are built on oases.
【答案】23．C
24．B
25．B
26．C
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇新闻报道，报道了Diébédo Francis Kéré在2022年成为第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人，童年时艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
23．考查细节理解。根据第二段"The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic. ”第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人和其他人一样，对被选为该领域最著名的奖项感到惊讶。许多建筑师曾公开认为，2022年将是大卫·阿贾耶爵士的年度，他最出名的是设计了挪威的诺贝尔和平中心等著名建筑。Kéré，住在柏林，但他的大部分业务都在非洲，一直是——直到现在——很少为人所知，他的建筑包括一些小学和一个医疗诊所。可知，业内人士对于Sir David Adjaye这位建筑家获奖呼声颇高，相比之下本文主人公的主要作品都在非洲且名气不大，故选C。
24．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better." Kéré的建筑实践灵感来自于他自己在温度超过100华氏度的地区与大约100名其他孩子一起上学的经历。“里面很热。没有光，而外面阳光充足。我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想空间，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点"可知，Kéré童年时经历的艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better. ”我想，总有一天我会做得更好。我在想余地，空间，想着怎样才能感觉好点；以及"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write. ”在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。他希望这些建筑能唤起一种绿洲的感觉，为许多孩子提供一个快乐、学习读写的地方。可知，Kéré 设计的初衷是关心关爱孩子们的学习环境，在设计中，他非常注重因地制宜，使建筑更有实用性，可以看出Kéré关心他人且很务实。故选B。
26．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning.”在他的Gando小学和Naaba Belem Goumma中学的设计中，Kéré借鉴了传统建筑材料，如当地粘土与混凝土混合，并强调阴影，使空间足够明亮，让空气进入，从而减少对空调的需求。可知，Kéré 设计的学校，采光和通风都良好，故选C。
8. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy, in a breakthrough for any battery-run devices and technologies relying on the fast and reliable supply of electricity, including smart phones and tablets.
Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtin's School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor (电容器) could be of great benefit to all scientists, engineers and start-ups looking to solving the energy storage challenges of the future.
"All electronic devices require an energy source. While a battery needs to be recharged over time, a capacitor can be charged instantly because it stores energy by separating charged ions (离子), found in ionic liquids, " Ciampi said.
There are thousands of types of ionic liquids, a type of "liquid salt", and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor. What our team has done is designing a quick and easy test, able to be performed in a basic lab, which can measure both the ability to store charge when a solid electrode touches a given ionic liquid—a simple capacitor—as well as the stability of the device when charged.
"The simplicity this test means anyone can apply it without the need for expensive equipment. Using this method, researchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds produced a full charge, which did not ‘leak' (渗漏) and begin to diminish for at least four days, " Mr Belotti said.
The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer duration in the charged state and larger energy density.
27．What can the new method be used to do in the future
A．Help to choose smart phones.
B．Find materials used as energy.
C．Research energy sources of the future.
D．Settle the problem of storing energy.
28．What was the challenge in making a capacitor
A．Choosing the best ionic liquid. B．Figuring out the storing ability.
C．Devising a quick and easy test. D．Recharging a battery instantly.
29．What does the underlined word "diminish" in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Charge. B．Develop. C．Decrease. D．Expand.
30．What would be a suitable title for the text
A．The Importance of Selecting Ionic Liquid
B．A Good Method to Seek Perfect Ionic Liquid
C．Types of Ionic Liquids for Use in a Capacitor
D．A Simple and Affordable Battery
【答案】27．D
28．A
29．C
30．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科廷大学(Curtin University)的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合用于储存和供应能源。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
27．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy.”科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合储存和供应能源 。可知，这种新方法可以解决能源储存问题。故选D。
28．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"There are thousands of types of ionic liquids, a type of ‘liquid salt’, and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor.”离子液体有数千种，也就是"液体盐"的一种，直到现在，人们还很难知道哪种离子液体最适合用于电容器、可知，制造电容器的挑战是选择最好的离子液体。故选A。
29．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"researchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds produced a full charge, which did not ‘leak' ”研究人员发现，给手机充电60秒就能充满电，而且不会漏电；以及"for at least four days"可知，充满电以后电量至少持续四天才开始减少。可推知 diminish 是“减少”之意，故选C。
30．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy”科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合储存和供应能源；第二段中的"Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtin's School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor (电容器). ”该报告的主要作者、柯廷分子和生命科学学院的副教授Simone Ciampi说，这种简单、低成本的方法可以确定如何在电容器中产生并保持最高能量电荷；以及最后一段"The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer duration in the charged state and larger energy density.”下一步是利用这种新的筛选方法来寻找带电状态持续时间更长、能量密度更大的离子液体。可知，全文是围绕寻找一种简单经济的方法来展开文章内容的，所以用"一种好的方法，寻求完美的离子液体电容器"来作为文章标题是比较合适的。故选B。
9. 阅读理解
Imagine being handed a fake(假的) pill by your doctor to treat an illness. You would be pretty mad if you found out the pill was not a real medication, wouldn't you Better yet, imagine the doctor tells you the pill is fake. At that point, you'd probably question whether the doctor even knows his staff at all. But wait, there's more to the story.
Ted Kaptchuk of Harvard University conducted an experiment to help treat irritable bowel syndrome(肠过敏性综合征) pain in 2010, in which he clearly marked the patients 'pills as "placebo"(安慰剂), or fake. Unbelievably, the group that was aware that it was receiving the placebo reported significant improvement in their condition.
Many of you probably know about the placebo effect. It's the idea that giving patients an ineffective treatment -such as a sugar pill-for their condition might actually produce beneficial effects.
Why does it work We don't really know. One theory is that the placebo causes your brain to have a response that flows down to other parts of the body. Placebos presented as stimulants (兴奋剂) tend to increase the heart rate and blood pressure, and those presented as depressants do the opposite.
In fact, the placebo effect can be compared to the experience of watching a horror movie. Although you know that what you're seeing isn't actually real, you most likely experience some pretty real effects such as increase in the heart rate and sweating.
Kaptchuk's work differed from the traditional placebo effect, in that he told the patients that the pill they were receiving was not real medicine. When the patients have this knowledge, the term" open-label placebo" is used. The resulting improvement' proved that in many cases, patients don't need to be tricked in order for the desired effects of a placebo to take place. In fact, the fake medication helped some patients so much that they requested additional pills after the experiment was over.
Of course, the natural question is: was this an extraordinary medical phenomenon, or just plain luck That's why Kaptchuk and his team are attempting to do a seven-week trial before introducing the results to cancer survivors to treat severe tiredness caused by the aftereffects of the disease.
31．The first paragraph of the article implies that____.
A．doctors have poor medical ethics
B．fake medicines are sold in hospitals
C．patients don't really trust doctors
D．we may have a wrong idea of fake pills
32．According to the passage, " the placebo effect" refers to the idea of ____.
A．taking fake pills to feel much better
B．using sugar pills to treat the patients
C．benefiting patients with real medicines
D．treating patients in an ineffective way
33．What is the writer going to discuss next
A．Why does the placebo effect work in real life
B．How will they carry out the seven-week trial
C．Will a fake medication really exist in the world
D．Are patients being totally treated with fake pills
【答案】31．D
32．A
33．B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了医疗中服用安慰剂的治疗方法，安慰剂是指给病人一种无效的治疗——比如一种糖丸——实际上可能会产生有益的效果。有一种理论认为，安慰剂会使大脑产生反应，并传导到身体的其他部位。事实上，安慰剂效应可以与观看恐怖电影的体验相比较。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
31．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Imagine being handed a fake(假的) pill by your doctor to treat an illness. You would be pretty mad if you found out the pill was not a real medication, wouldn't you Better yet, imagine the doctor tells you the pill is fake. At that point, you'd probably question whether the doctor even knows his staff at all. But wait, there's more to the story.”想象一下，你的医生给你一片假药来治病。如果你发现药丸不是真正的药物，你会很生气，不是吗 更好的是，想象一下医生告诉你这种药片是假的。在这种情况下，你可能会怀疑这位医生是否了解他的员工。但是，等等，还有更多的故事。可推知，第一段暗示我们可能对假药有一个错误的认识。故选D。
32．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Many of you probably know about the placebo effect. It's the idea that giving patients an ineffective treatment—such as a sugar pill-for their condition might actually produce beneficial effects.”你们很多人可能知道安慰剂效应。它的概念是，给病人一种无效的治疗——比如一种糖丸——实际上可能会产生有益的效果。可知，“安慰剂效应”指的是服用假的药物但感觉好很多的概念。故选A。
33．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Of course, the natural question is: was this an extraordinary medical phenomenon, or just plain luck That's why Kaptchuk and his team are attempting to do a seven-week trial before introducing the results to cancer survivors to treat severe tiredness caused by the aftereffects of the disease.”当然，人们自然会问：这是一种特殊的医学现象，还是仅仅是运气？这就是为什么Kaptchuk和他的团队试图在将结果介绍给癌症幸存者之前进行为期7周的试验，以治疗由癌症后遗症引起的严重疲劳。可推知，作者接下来要讨论他们将如何进行为期7周的试验。故选B。
10. 阅读理解
As prices drop and their functionality expands, you can expect to see humanoid(类人的) robots in more places, including schools, airports, and hospitals. Will they influence human behavior
In a study published recently, scientists found that mean robots can help people concentrate. The experiment, published in Science Robotics, was based on something called the Stroop Task, which is widely used in psychology and described as the "gold standard" of attentional tests. It challenges participants to name the colors of words and ignore their meanings while calculating reaction time.
The researchers put a modern twist on the task, though-this time, there was a robot in the room. The goal was to see if the presence of a robot would affect cognition(认知), and the researchers found it did, but only when the robot was mean.
How do you make a robot mean In this case, a meter-tall toy robot called a Meccanoid G15KS was made to respond to seven questions. The good robots told jokes, spoke about friendship, and described test subjects as nice. The bad robots replied to questions with passive aggressive comebacks, such as "I enjoy doing analysis programs but you would not understand" and statements like "I do not value friendship. "Then the participants rated the robots. "The more participants thought the robot made them uncomfortable, the greater the improvement of their Stroop performance was, " the researchers wrote. "Not surprisingly, the bad robot was rated as less warm, friendly and pleasant than the good robot. "
The study authors argue that robots are crossing the line in some situations from machines to social agents. That will change how humans interact with(与……相互作用) and behave around them.
"Similar to a human's presence, the presence of a robot might not be neutral(无倾向性的) in situations like school or in the office when you are working. "Nicolas Spatola, one of the study authors said in an email, " So before your boss decides to introduce a robot in your office, 1t could be a good idea to evaluate how you feel about it and how it can positively or negatively impact your work, how comfortable you may feel with it or if you feel it to be a threat."
Just 58 students from University Clermont Auvergne in France participated in the experiment but the researchers found an increase in the speed of correct answers among those in the presence of a mean robot when compared to those who were with a nice robot or alone.
In the future, robots will almost certainly become more and more common in nursing homes, hotel check-in desks, behind the wheel, and elsewhere. "If we want to improve the use of robots in our daily life, there seems to be a need to first understand how Human Robot Interaction can impact human psychology, " Spatola said.
34．What was the finding of the new study
A．The use of robots is rising.
B．Humanoid robots can be mean.
C．Unkind robots can sharpen our focus.
D．Robots are becoming more functional.
35．According to the passage, how did the participants judge the robots
A．By their words. B．By their actions.
C．By their appearance. D．By the Stroop Task.
36．Which of the following might Nicolas Spatola agree with
A．Be careful about using robots.
B．Leave the robot if it presents a threat.
C．Robots will have a good impact on offices.
D．Robots may replace humans in the workplace.
37．What was the drawback of the study
A．The participants were too young.
B．The study method wasn't scientific.
C．There was a slight difference in speed.
D．The number of the participants was too small.
38．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Scientists have already developed humanoid robots.
B．Humanoid robots have already found its way into our daily life.
C．Humanoid robots will certainly come into our daily life sooner or later.
D．There is no difficulty we'll meet with before humanoid robots are widely used.
【答案】34．C
35．A
36．A
37．D
38．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着价格的下降和功能的扩展，你可以期待在更多的地方看到类人机器人，包括学校、机场和医院。它们会影响人类行为吗？在最近发表的一项研究中，科学家发现，刻薄的机器人可以帮助人们集中精力。本文介绍了研究过程，以及相关人员对此的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
34．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“In a study published recently, scientists found that mean robots can help people concentrate.”在最近发表的一项研究中，科学家发现，刻薄的机器人可以帮助人们集中精力。可知，这项新研究的结果是不友善的机器人能使我们集中注意力。故选C。
35．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“In this case, a meter-tall toy robot called a Meccanoid G15KS was made to respond to seven questions. The good robots told jokes, spoke about friendship, and described test subjects as nice. The bad robots replied to questions with passive aggressive comebacks, such as ‘I enjoy doing analysis programs but you would not understand’ and statements like ‘I do not value friendship. ’Then the participants rated the robots." The more participants thought the robot made them uncomfortable, the greater the improvement of their Stroop performance was,‘ the researchers wrote.’Not surprisingly, the bad robot was rated as less warm, friendly and pleasant than the good robot."可知在这个案例中，一个一米高的名为Meccanoid G15KS的玩具机器人被制造出来回答七个问题。优秀的机器人会讲笑话，谈论友谊，并将测试对象描述为友好的。“坏机器人”会用消极主动的回答来回答问题，比如“我喜欢做分析程序，但你不会理解”，或者“我不重视友谊”。然后让参与者给机器人打分。研究人员写道：“参与者越觉得机器人让他们感到不舒服，他们Stroop表现的改善就越大。”不出意料，坏机器人被评为不如好机器人热情、友好和令人愉快。”可知，参与者是通过机器人的语言来判断机器人的。故选A。
36．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段“‘Similar to a human's presence, the presence of a robot might not be neutral(无倾向性的) in situations like school or in the office when you are working.’ Nicolas Spatola, one of the study authors said in an email, ‘So before your boss decides to introduce a robot in your office,It could be a good idea to evaluate how you feel about it and how it can positively or negatively impact your work, how comfortable you may feel with it or if you feel it to be a threat.’"可知“类似于人类的存在，机器人的存在在学校或办公室等情况下，当你在工作时，可能并不中立。”研究作者之一Nicolas Spatola在一封电子邮件中说：“所以，在你的老板决定在你的办公室里引入一个机器人之前，评估你对它的感觉，以及它如何对你的工作产生积极或消极的影响可能是一个好主意，你可能会觉得它有多舒服，或者你是否觉得它是一种威胁。”可推知，Nicolas Spatola可能会同意“使用机器人时要小心”的观点。故选A。
37．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段Just 58 students from University Clermont Auvergne in France participated in the experiment but the researchers found an increase in the speed of correct answers among those in the presence of a mean robot when compared to those who were with a nice robot or alone.”可知法国克莱蒙特奥弗涅大学只有58名学生参与了这项实验，但研究人员发现，与那些与优秀机器人在一起或单独在一起的人相比，那些在刻薄机器人面前的人答对问题的速度更快。由此可推知，这项研究的缺点是参加者的人数太少。故选D。
38．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“In the future, robots will almost certainly become more and more common in nursing homes, hotel check-in desks, behind the wheel, and elsewhere.”在未来，机器人几乎肯定会越来越普遍地出现在养老院、酒店登记台、方向盘后面和其他地方。可推知，类人机器人肯定迟早会进入我们的日常生活。故选C。
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阅读理解—新人教版必修三高频考点专练（解析版）
1. 阅读理解
Hong Kong to Macau Transportation
It is really convenient and swift for travelers to travel between Hong Kong and Macau, with a straight-line distance of about 60 kilometers.
Helicopter (直升机) Transport
Helicopter transport is the most swift and convenient means for transportation between Hong Kong and Macau. The length of time for a journey is only 15 minutes.
Service time: The helicopter departs every 30 minutes from 9:00 to 23:00. Passengers should arrive at the waiting room at least 15 minutes before the departure time.
Tel: 2872 7288 (Macau) and 2108 9898 (Hong Kong). Passengers can book a ticket via these telephone numbers.
Approximate ticket fares: The price of a helicopter transport is about 2,700–2,900 yuan per person.
Ship Transport
The length of time for a journey by ship between Hong Kong and Macau is about 50 minutes, which is much longer than that taking a helicopter. However, the ticket fare is much cheaper than taking a helicopter.
Service time and departure interval: The ship departs every 15 minutes from 7:00 to 24:00, and then departs at 0:30, 1:00, 1:30, 2:30, 4:00, 4:45 and 6:00.
Approximate ticket fares: There are different kinds of ticket fares, for day sailing and night sailing and for common seats and luxury seats. The price is from 133 to 268 yuan per seat.
Jetfoil (水翼喷射船) Transport
Passengers also can take a jetfoil: a five-star Premier Jetfoil with luxurious services of high quality coming and going among Macau, Hong Kong and Hong Kong International Airport, and the length of time for each route is about 55 minutes.
Service time and departure interval: The jetfoil departs every 1 hour from 8:00–22:00.
Approximate ticket fares: The common seat for day sailing is 250–320 yuan per person. The luxury seat for day sailing is 450–560 yuan per person.
1．What are the helicopter passengers required to do
A．Arrive at least a quarter earlier.
B．Check the departure time online.
C．Choose the kind of seat on the spot.
D．Pay for an extra insurance fee.
2．What is the advantage of jetfoil transport over the other two
A．Its comfort level. B．The price of tickets.
C．The length of time. D．The frequency of transportation.
3．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．A travel diary.
C．A travel website. D．A science report.
2. 阅读理解
Every day Zhao Dong goes around the city on a two-wheeled motorcycle running errands (差事) for its citizens for around eight hours. At night, the 26-year-old young man, taking off his helmet (头盔) and blue jacket, dives into small theaters where he is going to use stand-up comic sets inspired by his personal stories as a deliveryman to make people laugh.
In 2019, he found that running errands can bring him a good income. Then he moved from his hometown to Xi'an, and became a deliveryman. He turned all the hardships he has been going through these years into funny jokes, which brings a refreshing life. For him, the skill of humor is not something he was born with, but what he has been diligently (勤奋地) training with his sincerity and eagerness to get a better life.
On a freezing winter night, he stopped for a while in a bar after finishing the errands and heard rounds of cheers and laughs coming from the bar, and he was told that it was an open-mic event for stand-up comedy (脱口秀) . He was crazy with the joyous atmosphere into which he wanted to get himself integrated. The club owner later sent him a guidebook for stand-up comedy and gave him a chance to go on stage. His performance attracted wider attention and he received an invitation from the Shanghai-based comedy company Xiaoguo Culture to join a comic training camp last year. It was his first time to take a plane and get out from Shaanxi province. He soon found that Shanghai offers more opportunities for stand-up comedy performers.
In October, he moved to the city. There, he still chose to be a deliveryman and put on comic performances for four or five times a week. For him, what's special about the comic form is its inclusiveness (包容性). "It welcomes people from all walks of life and varied backgrounds to share stories and express opinions on the same stage," he says.
4．What does Zhao Dong want to do by using the stand-up comic sets
A．To introduce his personal stories.
B．To build up his confidence to be a deliveryman.
C．To provide more sources of amusement for people.
D．To help himself to adapt to his new job as soon as possible.
5．What does the underlined word "integrated" mean in paragraph 3
A．included. B．interested. C．injured. D．investigated.
6．What can we learn about the deliveryman from paragraph 3
A．He left Shanghai by plane for the first time.
B．He found his stand-up comedy career may take off in Shanghai.
C．He put on some performances to attract people's attention.
D．He rejected the invitation from a Shanghai-based comedy company.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．How a deliveryman earns a lot of money.
B．How a deliveryman puts on performance on the street.
C．How a deliveryman shares stories with all walks of life.
D．How a deliveryman finds a new role with a sense of humor.
3. 阅读理解
The Sequoia National Park in California's southern Sierra Nevada mountains is best known for the Giant Forest, a collection of 2,000 trees that includes half of the Earth's largest and longest-living trees. This past weekend, the ancient wonders came dangerously close to being burned by the KNP Complex Fire. But thanks to resourceful firefighters, the precious treasure has been saved.
The fire personnel had taken the standard measures of clearing brush and setting controlled fires long before the fire began heading toward the Giant Forest. But they knew more needed to be done. On September 17, 2021, they took the unusual step of covering the base of some of the oldest trees with protective aluminum "blankets". High on the list was General Sherman, the world's largest tree by volume. The park officials believed the specialized foil (锡纸) would help block some of the heat from the flames and enhance the natural insulation (隔热) provided by the ancient trees' thick bark. They were right!
On Sunday, September 19, 2021, the officials reported that the extra prevention measures, which also included 24-hour timed sprinklers (洒水装置) on General Sherman and the nearby park buildings, had worked. Jack Owen, a spokesman for the KNP Complex Fire Information Office, said, "There are no trees that have been burned yet, as far as in the Giant Forest. Fire crews are pouring everything they can into it as long as it's safe. That area is looking good."
Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about the rest of the national park. The KNP Complex Fire has burned through 21,777 acres. Meanwhile, the Windy Fire, which started further south on the Sierra slopes on the same night, has burned over 21,598 acres. Hopefully, the weather will cooperate and allow firefighters to gain control of the massive fires, which are now beginning to threaten nearby communities.
8．What did the firefighters first do to protect the Giant Forest from fire
A．Cover it with specialized foil.
B．Put it on the list of protective steps.
C．Set up a fire prevention belt around it.
D．Identify the features of the complex fire.
9．Why was the specialized foil applied
A．To resist some heat from the fire.
B．To stop the fire from spreading.
C．To keep tree roots from losing water.
D．To test the survival ability of the trees.
10．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Fire crews are ready to withdraw.
B．General Sherman is relatively safe.
C．Nearby buildings have been abandoned.
D．Some trees in the Giant Forest have been cut down.
11．What is the author's attitude towards the safety of the rest of the national park
A．Worried. B．Optimistic. C．Discouraged. D．Unconcerned.
4. 阅读理解
In Birmingham, one school is offering its students an education that will change their lives. The unique program is called Build UP, which enables students to earn a high school certificate while working as paid apprentices (学徒) in construction work. As part of their training, they remodel old and abandoned houses in their neighborhood!
At any school, the burden on students can be heavy, and for those in low-income areas, it is much heavier. "The kids that I've worked with during my entire career are all from disadvantaged groups with all the challenges that come with poverty," said educator Mark Martin. So he founded Build UP in 2018 to offer students a different kind of education: real-world training.
As far as real-world issues are concerned, for low-income communities, one of the biggest needs is housing. That's why Build UP made construction their main focus, offering a combination of regular and specialized classes. That way, instead of hearing the age-old question "When am I ever going to use this " in a geometry class, their teachers are able to redirect students to a shop class (工艺课). There, students can connect those math principles to the building of a roof.
The program hopes to draw in students who are likely to quit school by offering wages for their apprenticeships. Students receive $125 every two weeks when they start out as apprentices and can eventually work up to getting $200 every two weeks. Upon graduation, they have the opportunity to get an interest-free loan to purchase the remodeled homes.
So far, they have been doing a pretty amazing job. And now with the help of a loan company, the program has the opportunity to bring their model to communities everywhere! They plan to first add similar programs in nearby neighborhoods. After that, they hope to train others to start similar schools and expand their network of partners — particularly construction companies that can offer jobs to their students.
12．Why did Mark Martin found Build UP
A．To lighten students' academic burden.
B．To help students from tough backgrounds.
C．To reconstruct and reuse unwanted houses.
D．To train students to build homes.
13．What is the feature of Build UP's classes
A．They combine theory and practice.
B．They teach knowledge of the bank loan.
C．They center on age-old unsolved questions.
D．They explain math principles in simple words.
14．What does the Build UP program expect to do
A．Reach out to more people.
B．Offer students more job opportunities.
C．Found more similar schools themselves.
D．Get more funds from construction companies.
15．Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A．Build UP: A Solution to the Housing Problem
B．Build UP: A Breakthrough in the Construction Industry
C．Build UP: Changing Community Education for the Better
D．Build UP: Giving Students Power Through Home Building
5. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
Experts say that engaging in playful activities through adulthood can help lower stress, improve cognitive functions, and build social bonds with others, which is so much more than what your phone can do for you. So what are you waiting for Round up the family, grab one of these lawn games for adults, and let the good time sroll.
Spikeball Game Set $59.99
The flexible, hula-hoop-sized net stands on its foldable legs and can be taken to the beach or the park to give four players plenty of space to run around. Start the two-on-two game by bouncing a ball off the net, sending it flying toward your opponents—they have three passes between them to send the ball back over to your team. When they miss, you score, and the first one to get to 21 wins.
The Pocket Shot $25.00
Who doesn't love lining up cans and shooting them down with a slingshot It's demanding yet thrilling. The Pocket Shot is a super powerful slingshot that shoots at two or three times the rate of a regular slingshot. It's super tiny, so it fits in your pocket.
Giant 4-Connect-In-A-Row $79.99
Two players at a time try to insert their red or blue coins into the wooden frame to form a vertical or horizontal line of all the same color. It's way more challenging than you'd think.
16．According to the first paragraph, in what way can lawn games benefit adults
A．Helping them gain strong build. B．Boosting their intelligence.
C．Stopping their phone use. D．Ridding them of pressure.
17．How many players are needed when Spikeball Game Set is played
A．Two. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
18．What do the second and third game have in common
A．They are of pocket size. B．They are cheap to buy.
C．They take skills to play. D．They need two players.
6. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
Facebook lets friends connect. They can give each other updates, share photos and post comments. But that's not all.
Facebook might also stress users out.
In a new study, 88 volunteers revealed how much time they spent on Facebook and the types of Facebook posts and comments that they made. In addition, they answered questions about their feelings and state of mind. They also offered saliva. Researchers tested it for cortisol（皮质醇）. This chemical is a stress hormone. Levels of it vary throughout the day.
In this study, people with the most Facebook friends, more than 300, had somewhat higher cortisol levels. Additionally, the more Facebook friends that users had, the more likely they were to feel anxious. On the other hand, youths who gave lots of "likes" and supportive comments on Facebook had lower cortisol levels. "The more social support you give to others, the lower your stress hormone levels will be, " says Lupien.
"This research decidedly combines the social science approach and the medical science approach on an important question in our social-media age, " says Wenhong Chen, a sociologist at the University of Texas at Austin. "It's really pleasantly new to see Lupien's team study cortisol levels—along with questionnaire data."
One finding from Lupien's work surprised Chen. Teens who felt they got a lot of support from others also had higher cortisol levels. Usually, she says, those feelings should protect people from stress. "There are many potential dangers of social media use among young people, " Chen notes. So, she says, enjoy Facebook, but be aware of the risks.
Lupien suggests that teen Facebook users share information with and support their friends on the site. They shouldn't just stay silent. "if anyone is more stressed, it's the watchers, not the sharers, " she says. Also, she recommends that people who use social media heavily should find time to take active walks, to run or to do other activities. Cortisol increases a person's energy. "The best way to reduce stress hormones is to use the energy, '' she says.
19．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．research applications B．research backgrounds
C．research contents D．research results
20．What should we do if we want to feel less stressed
A．Share as many photos as possible.
B．Listen to music frequently on social media.
C．Give more positive comments to others.
D．Communicate less with others on Facebook.
21．What is Wenhong Chen's attitude towards Lupien's study
A．Cautious B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.
22．What can be learned from Lupien's suggestion
A．There are many dangers on social media.
B．Doing physical exercise helps reduce the levels of cortisol.
C．Sharers on Facebook live a happier life than watchers.
D．Getting support from e-friends makes us healthier.
7. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
"Can you imagine " Diébédo Francis Kéré said to NPR, "I was born in Burkina Faso, a little village where there was no school. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could translate or read him his letters."
The first Black winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field's most famous prize. Many architects had openly supposed that 2022 would be Sir David Adjaye's year, who is best known for designing notable buildings as the Nobel Peace Center in Norway. Kéré, who is based in Berlin but centers much of his practice in Africa, has been—until now—far lesser known, with buildings that include primary schools and a healthcare clinic.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universit t Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built the innovative Gando Primary School.
Kéré's architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region with temperatures over 100 F. "It's very hot inside. And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was abundant. I think, one day I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I could feel better." In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School, Kéré drew on traditional building materials such as local clay mixed with concrete, and emphasized shade and shadows, making spaces bright enough and letting air in, and thus reducing the need for air conditioning. He wanted the buildings to evoke the sense of an oasis (绿洲), a place for many children, to be happy and learn how to read and write.
23．Why did the Pritzker Architecture Prize of 2022 come out as a surprise
A．Because it is the most famous prize.
B．Because the winner only designs schools.
C．Because another competitor was more famous.
D．Because Kéré wasn't first selected as a candidate.
24．What inspired Kéré's architecture work
A．His academic training in Berlin. B．Hardship in his early childhood.
C．An architectural contest. D．His experience traveling abroad.
25．Which of the following best describes Kéré as an architect
A．Creative and universal. B．Caring and practical.
C．Determined and ambitious. D．Devoted and productive.
26．What can be inferred about the schools designed by Kéré
A．They only use traditional materials.
B．They need no air-conditioning.
C．They are well-lit and cool.
D．They are built on oases.
8. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy, in a breakthrough for any battery-run devices and technologies relying on the fast and reliable supply of electricity, including smart phones and tablets.
Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtin's School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor (电容器) could be of great benefit to all scientists, engineers and start-ups looking to solving the energy storage challenges of the future.
"All electronic devices require an energy source. While a battery needs to be recharged over time, a capacitor can be charged instantly because it stores energy by separating charged ions (离子), found in ionic liquids, " Ciampi said.
There are thousands of types of ionic liquids, a type of "liquid salt", and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor. What our team has done is designing a quick and easy test, able to be performed in a basic lab, which can measure both the ability to store charge when a solid electrode touches a given ionic liquid—a simple capacitor—as well as the stability of the device when charged.
"The simplicity this test means anyone can apply it without the need for expensive equipment. Using this method, researchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds produced a full charge, which did not ‘leak' (渗漏) and begin to diminish for at least four days, " Mr Belotti said.
The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer duration in the charged state and larger energy density.
27．What can the new method be used to do in the future
A．Help to choose smart phones.
B．Find materials used as energy.
C．Research energy sources of the future.
D．Settle the problem of storing energy.
28．What was the challenge in making a capacitor
A．Choosing the best ionic liquid. B．Figuring out the storing ability.
C．Devising a quick and easy test. D．Recharging a battery instantly.
29．What does the underlined word "diminish" in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Charge. B．Develop. C．Decrease. D．Expand.
30．What would be a suitable title for the text
A．The Importance of Selecting Ionic Liquid
B．A Good Method to Seek Perfect Ionic Liquid
C．Types of Ionic Liquids for Use in a Capacitor
D．A Simple and Affordable Battery
9. 阅读理解
Imagine being handed a fake(假的) pill by your doctor to treat an illness. You would be pretty mad if you found out the pill was not a real medication, wouldn't you Better yet, imagine the doctor tells you the pill is fake. At that point, you'd probably question whether the doctor even knows his staff at all. But wait, there's more to the story.
Ted Kaptchuk of Harvard University conducted an experiment to help treat irritable bowel syndrome(肠过敏性综合征) pain in 2010, in which he clearly marked the patients 'pills as "placebo"(安慰剂), or fake. Unbelievably, the group that was aware that it was receiving the placebo reported significant improvement in their condition.
Many of you probably know about the placebo effect. It's the idea that giving patients an ineffective treatment -such as a sugar pill-for their condition might actually produce beneficial effects.
Why does it work We don't really know. One theory is that the placebo causes your brain to have a response that flows down to other parts of the body. Placebos presented as stimulants (兴奋剂) tend to increase the heart rate and blood pressure, and those presented as depressants do the opposite.
In fact, the placebo effect can be compared to the experience of watching a horror movie. Although you know that what you're seeing isn't actually real, you most likely experience some pretty real effects such as increase in the heart rate and sweating.
Kaptchuk's work differed from the traditional placebo effect, in that he told the patients that the pill they were receiving was not real medicine. When the patients have this knowledge, the term" open-label placebo" is used. The resulting improvement' proved that in many cases, patients don't need to be tricked in order for the desired effects of a placebo to take place. In fact, the fake medication helped some patients so much that they requested additional pills after the experiment was over.
Of course, the natural question is: was this an extraordinary medical phenomenon, or just plain luck That's why Kaptchuk and his team are attempting to do a seven-week trial before introducing the results to cancer survivors to treat severe tiredness caused by the aftereffects of the disease.
31．The first paragraph of the article implies that____.
A．doctors have poor medical ethics
B．fake medicines are sold in hospitals
C．patients don't really trust doctors
D．we may have a wrong idea of fake pills
32．According to the passage, " the placebo effect" refers to the idea of ____.
A．taking fake pills to feel much better
B．using sugar pills to treat the patients
C．benefiting patients with real medicines
D．treating patients in an ineffective way
33．What is the writer going to discuss next
A．Why does the placebo effect work in real life
B．How will they carry out the seven-week trial
C．Will a fake medication really exist in the world
D．Are patients being totally treated with fake pills
10. 阅读理解
As prices drop and their functionality expands, you can expect to see humanoid(类人的) robots in more places, including schools, airports, and hospitals. Will they influence human behavior
In a study published recently, scientists found that mean robots can help people concentrate. The experiment, published in Science Robotics, was based on something called the Stroop Task, which is widely used in psychology and described as the "gold standard" of attentional tests. It challenges participants to name the colors of words and ignore their meanings while calculating reaction time.
The researchers put a modern twist on the task, though-this time, there was a robot in the room. The goal was to see if the presence of a robot would affect cognition(认知), and the researchers found it did, but only when the robot was mean.
How do you make a robot mean In this case, a meter-tall toy robot called a Meccanoid G15KS was made to respond to seven questions. The good robots told jokes, spoke about friendship, and described test subjects as nice. The bad robots replied to questions with passive aggressive comebacks, such as "I enjoy doing analysis programs but you would not understand" and statements like "I do not value friendship. "Then the participants rated the robots. "The more participants thought the robot made them uncomfortable, the greater the improvement of their Stroop performance was, " the researchers wrote. "Not surprisingly, the bad robot was rated as less warm, friendly and pleasant than the good robot. "
The study authors argue that robots are crossing the line in some situations from machines to social agents. That will change how humans interact with(与……相互作用) and behave around them.
"Similar to a human's presence, the presence of a robot might not be neutral(无倾向性的) in situations like school or in the office when you are working. "Nicolas Spatola, one of the study authors said in an email, " So before your boss decides to introduce a robot in your office, 1t could be a good idea to evaluate how you feel about it and how it can positively or negatively impact your work, how comfortable you may feel with it or if you feel it to be a threat."
Just 58 students from University Clermont Auvergne in France participated in the experiment but the researchers found an increase in the speed of correct answers among those in the presence of a mean robot when compared to those who were with a nice robot or alone.
In the future, robots will almost certainly become more and more common in nursing homes, hotel check-in desks, behind the wheel, and elsewhere. "If we want to improve the use of robots in our daily life, there seems to be a need to first understand how Human Robot Interaction can impact human psychology, " Spatola said.
34．What was the finding of the new study
A．The use of robots is rising.
B．Humanoid robots can be mean.
C．Unkind robots can sharpen our focus.
D．Robots are becoming more functional.
35．According to the passage, how did the participants judge the robots
A．By their words. B．By their actions.
C．By their appearance. D．By the Stroop Task.
36．Which of the following might Nicolas Spatola agree with
A．Be careful about using robots.
B．Leave the robot if it presents a threat.
C．Robots will have a good impact on offices.
D．Robots may replace humans in the workplace.
37．What was the drawback of the study
A．The participants were too young.
B．The study method wasn't scientific.
C．There was a slight difference in speed.
D．The number of the participants was too small.
38．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Scientists have already developed humanoid robots.
B．Humanoid robots have already found its way into our daily life.
C．Humanoid robots will certainly come into our daily life sooner or later.
D．There is no difficulty we'll meet with before humanoid robots are widely used.
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