牛津译林版（2019） 必修 第三册Unit 3 The world online Reading课件（114张PPT）

(共114张PPT)
The Internet:
a world without frontiers
Unit 3 Reading
To grasp the structure, outline大纲 and details of the article.
To discuss the benefits and problems of the Internet.
To know how to use the computer properly and resopnsibly.
Learning aims
The Internet is a technological wonder科技奇迹, bringing about引起 far-reaching影响深远的 changes in all aspects方面 of our lives. We all have access to接触到 the Internet.
Before the article, think about the following questions:
Lead in
Leona
Leona
Leona
Leona
1. What do you often do on the Internet？
2. What effects do you think the Internet has on your life
Guidance & Exploration
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Exposition
Narration
C. Argumentation
What is the genre[ nr ] n.类型of this writing
The genre
Task 1
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Exposition
Narration
C. Argumentation
What is the genre of this writing
thesis statement（论点）
The genre
Task 1
Internet: a world without frontiers(边界；边缘)
The topic sentences
Para. 1
Para. 5
Para. 4
Para. 3
Para. 2
We can achieve almost anything online…
One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.
The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient, with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce, more commonly known as e-commerce.
Above all else, the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties.
However, while the Internet brings many valuable advantages, being connected has its problems.
Task 2
Introduction
Main body
Conclusion
Main body Paras 2–4: The Internet has many advantages.
Introduction Para. 1:
We can ___________
__________________online.
Conclusion Para 5:
We should use the Internet ___________
________________.
Advantage 1:
Advantage 2:
Advantage 3:
achieve
almost anything
E-commerce has made our lives unbelievably convenient
The Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties.
properly
and responsibly
The structure
Task 3
We have quick and easy access to a huge amount of information online.
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connect people across the world to a single shared community
billions of people in different parts of the world have joined it
get in touch with the outside world
achieve almost anything online
1. What expressions suggest the Internet is a world without frontiers
Task 4
The details
Read para.1, then answer the following questions:
2. What is the function of the last sentence of the first paragraph
Introduce the following content.
1
5
4
2
3
Aspects
Access to information
6
7
Food
Shopping
Travel arrangements
Transportation
Payments
Social life
Compare before and after the invention of the Internet
You can talk from these aspects
Main body
Advantage 1 — access to information
How does the author support this argument
Listing examples
Making comparisons
Access to information
Compare before and after the invention of the Internet
before
after
Slow and inconvenient.
With the click of a mouse or the touch of a button, it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know.
Main body
Advantage 2 — e-commerce
Compare life before and after the invention of Internet
In the past
At present
Going to the restaurant
Food
Using _____________________
Searching ___________
Shopping
Comparing styles and prices quickly and easily ____________________________
food delivery apps and sites
shop after shop
in the comfort of the living room
Main body
Advantage 2 — e-commerce
Compare life before and after the invention of Internet
In the past
At present
Waiting _______
Transportation
Staying _______ until the arrival of the driver
Going to the travel agency
Travel arrangements
Making all the arrangements just in front of the _________
outdoors
indoors
computer
payments
Carrying______
cash
Paying for almost everything ___________________
on the smartphone
Main body
Advantage 3 — social ties
In the past
At present
_______________often gets in the way.
Social life
There are endless ways to share our views or let someone know we care about them no matter___________.
Physical distance
where we are
Compare life before and after the invention of Internet
An instant message, a group chat, a video call, a comment on an update, etc.
Advantages Supporting details
Advantage 1 Having access to (1) ___________________information
Gathering information quickly and easily
Advantage 2 (2) ____________________________
Doing shopping quickly and easily
Ordering a taxi with an app
Making travel arrangements
(3) _______________________________ on the smartphone
Advantage 3 Keeping in contact with loved ones
Finding (4) _________________
Discovering communities who (5) ___________________
a huge amount of
Having food delivered to you
Paying for almost everything
long-lost friends
share our hobbies
Task 4
The details
Conclusion
However, while the Internet brings many valuable advantages, being connected has its problems.
One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.
The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient…
Above all else, the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties.
cohesive devices
Task 4
The details
Read para.5, then answer the following question:
What is the author’s attitude towards the Internet
A. Subjective
B. Objective
C. Uncaring
D. Doubtful
However, the Internet also has its problems.
Every coin has two sides.
The Internet is a double-edged sword
(双刃剑 ).
Discussion
List some problems of the Internet.
Personal information may be stolen.
Addiction to the Internet may lead to social isolation and depression.
Internet viruses can infect and damage our computers and phones.
…
a single shared community
get in touch with the outside world
life-changing advantages
to a certain extent
at one's fingertips
bring up
make our lives unbelievably convenient
above all else
establish and maintain social ties
keep in contact with loved ones
单一共享社区
与外界联系
改变生活的好处
在一定程度上
了如指掌
使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出
让我们的生活变得难以置信地便利
最重要的是，尤其是
建立和维护社会关系
与亲人保持联系
1. We can achieve almost anything online -
with access to the Internet come some truly
life-changing advantages.
with access to the Internet后接一个倒装结构，起强调作用
正常语序：some truly life-changing advantages
come with access to the Internet
1. We can achieve almost anything online -
with access to the Internet come some truly
life-changing advantages.
with access to the Internet后接一个倒装结构，起强调作用
正常语序：some truly life-changing advantages
come with access to the Internet
access to sth.（使用或见到的）机会，权利
1. We can achieve almost anything online -
with access to the Internet come some truly
life-changing advantages.
with access to the Internet后接一个倒装结构，起强调作用
正常语序：some truly life-changing advantages
come with access to the Internet
access to sth.（使用或见到的）机会，权利
① Students must have access to good
resources.
② You need a password to get access to the
computer system.
1. We can achieve almost anything online -
with access to the Internet come some truly
life-changing advantages.
with access to the Internet后接一个倒装结构，起强调作用
正常语序：some truly life-changing advantages
come with access to the Internet
access to sth.（使用或见到的）机会，权利
① Students must have access to good
resources.
② You need a password to get access to the
computer system.
学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
1. We can achieve almost anything online -
with access to the Internet come some truly
life-changing advantages.
with access to the Internet后接一个倒装结构，起强调作用
正常语序：some truly life-changing advantages
come with access to the Internet
access to sth.（使用或见到的）机会，权利
① Students must have access to good
resources.
② You need a password to get access to the
computer system.
学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
使用这个计算机系统需要口令。
1. We can achieve almost anything online -
with access to the Internet come some truly
life-changing advantages.
with access to the Internet后接一个倒装结构，起强调作用
正常语序：some truly life-changing advantages
come with access to the Internet
access to sth.（使用或见到的）机会，权利
① Students must have access to good
resources.
② You need a password to get access to the
computer system.
学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
使用这个计算机系统需要口令。
在网上我们几乎什么都能做到。接入互联网带来了一些实实在在改变我们生活的好处。
access
have access to 可以获得/ 接近/使用
gain/ get access to 到达；接近；使用
with a access to 可以得到……；得以访问……；能够接触……
【归纳】
accessible adj. 可进入的；可使用的；易理解的；(人)好相处的
be accessible to 易接近的；能进入的
【语境应用】根据括号内的提示补全下列句子。
1) Eva ________________________________ (访问了3个不同的文件) to find the correct information.
2) Students must ______________________ (有使用图书馆的机会).
3) There is no ___________________ (通向大街的路) through that door.
accessed three different documents
have access to a library
access to the street
单词拼写。
4) Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s _______ (通道) to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures.
access
2. In the time it takes to find one book in the library, we can
use a search engine to bring up millions of results.
在图书馆找到一本书的功夫，我们可以用搜索引擎让上百万的结果出现在屏幕上。
bring up: to make something appear on a computer screen 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出
e.g. Click this icon to bring up a new menu.
点击这个图标，调出一个新选单。
【链接】bring up还有其他含义：
1) 提起〔某个话题〕
e.g. The manager wanted to bring it up at the meeting as soon as possible. 经理希望尽快在会议上提出这件事。
2) 养育；抚养
e.g. Her parents died when she was a baby and she was
brought up by her aunt.
她还是婴儿的时候父母就去世了，她是由姨妈抚养长大的。
I was brought up to be honest.
我从小被教育要诚实。
3) 呕吐, 吐出
e.g. The child brought up everything in the morning.
小孩早上把所有吃的东西都吐了。
bring短语
bring about 引起; 产生; 导致; 带来
bring in 带进来; 引进; 赚得
bring out 使显现; 阐明; 出版; 生产
bring back 归还; 使……回想起
bring down 使降低, 减少; 打垮, 击败
bring on 引起, 使发生
【语境应用】翻译下面句子。
1) Please bring your plan up at the meeting.
______________________________________________
2) The couple brought up five children.
______________________________________________
3) Mary didn't feel well and brought up her dinner.
______________________________________________
请将你的计划在会上提出来。
这对夫妇养育了五个孩子。
玛丽身体不舒服，把晚餐吃的东西都吐了。
3. No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.
难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。
majority n. the larger number or part of something
大部分，大多数
in an election, the difference in the number of votes between the winning person or group and the one that comes second 多数票
e.g. The great majority of people seem to agree with the
proposal.
似乎绝大多数人都同意这一提案。
The Socialists won by a narrow/large majority.
社会党党员获得的票数稍微／远远超出对手，在选举中获胜。
majority
a/the majority of … 大多数, 大半
be in the/a majority 占大多数
a great/ huge / large majority 绝大多数
【归纳】
small / narrow majority 微弱优势
minority n. 少数
in the minority 占少数
major adj. 主要的 vi. 专修; 主攻
major in 主修
1) the majority和the minority单独用作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数形式；但其后表语是复数时，谓语动词通常也要用复数。
2) “the/a majority of＋名词”用作主语，其谓语动词的数应与名词的数保持一致。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) For one thing, I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major _____ the gardening after attending college.
2) An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members _____ (be) against it.
in
are
完成句子。
3) The _________ (major) of them take on online language
test before starting their programme.
4) ______________________ in favor of the suggestion.
多数人赞成这个提议。
majority
The majority was/were
2. No wonder the Internet has now become
the first place that the majority of people
turn to for information.
2. No wonder the Internet has now become
the first place that the majority of people
turn to for information.
(It's) no wonder (that)…的意思是“难怪……”, 后面可以直接跟从句。
2. No wonder the Internet has now become
the first place that the majority of people
turn to for information.
限制性定语从句
(It's) no wonder (that)…的意思是“难怪……”, 后面可以直接跟从句。
2. No wonder the Internet has now become
the first place that the majority of people
turn to for information.
限制性定语从句
turn to 求助于，求教于
(It's) no wonder (that)…的意思是“难怪……”, 后面可以直接跟从句。
① I don't know who to turn to for help.
② In times of trouble, I always turn to my
parents for advice.
2. No wonder the Internet has now become
the first place that the majority of people
turn to for information.
限制性定语从句
turn to 求助于，求教于
(It's) no wonder (that)…的意思是“难怪……”, 后面可以直接跟从句。
① I don't know who to turn to for help.
② In times of trouble, I always turn to my
parents for advice.
2. No wonder the Internet has now become
the first place that the majority of people
turn to for information.
限制性定语从句
turn to 求助于，求教于
(It's) no wonder (that)…的意思是“难怪……”, 后面可以直接跟从句。
我不知道该找谁帮忙。
① I don't know who to turn to for help.
② In times of trouble, I always turn to my
parents for advice.
2. No wonder the Internet has now become
the first place that the majority of people
turn to for information.
限制性定语从句
turn to 求助于，求教于
(It's) no wonder (that)…的意思是“难怪……”, 后面可以直接跟从句。
我不知道该找谁帮忙。
有困难的时候，我总是求助于父母的意见。
① I don't know who to turn to for help.
② In times of trouble, I always turn to my
parents for advice.
2. No wonder the Internet has now become
the first place that the majority of people
turn to for information.
限制性定语从句
turn to 求助于，求教于
(It's) no wonder (that)…的意思是“难怪……”, 后面可以直接跟从句。
我不知道该找谁帮忙。
有困难的时候，我总是求助于父母的意见。
难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。
that和which的选择
How to use that and which correctly？
1. The biggest house _______ stands on the top of
the hill was built last month.
2. After the fire, the old car is the only thing_______
he owns.
3. This is the train by ________ we went home.
4. There are many girls, some of ________ are my
friends.
5. Football, _______ is a very interesting game, is
played all over the world.
that
that
which
whom
which
①当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。
② 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时。
③先行词是序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时。
④先行词被the only, the very, the last 修饰时。
⑤ 当先行词既有人又有物时。
指物时只用that 不用which 的情况
1. 非限定性定语从句（有，隔开）
They are talking about a film star loudly, which made me feel annoyed.
Many Americans love the places of interest in China, which are famous all over the world.
在非限制性定语从句中，先行词为上文的一句话，
或先行词与引导词分离时，用which引导。
2. 介词+关系代词 （介词提前到关系词前）
先行词是人用whom, 先行词是物用which.
指物时只用which 不用that 的情况
1. This is the factory ________ I worked last year.
2. This is the factory___________I visited yesterday.
3. I will never forget the summer _______ we met him for the first time.
4. You reach a situation ________medicine can’t help.
where
which/that
when
where
Task 3: Fill in the blanks with proper relative words.
1. (21 新高考II) I decided that if I learned of a company
___________ used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email
urging it to cut back.
2. (20新高考I卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans
Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the
British Museum ____________opened in 1759.
3. (20全国III卷）In ancient China lived an artist ________
paintings were almost lifelike.
4. (19 全国 III) They were well trained by their masters
_______ had great experience with caring for these animals.
5. (18 全国 I) They also had a small pond ________ they raised fish.
whose
who/that
where
that/which
that/which
3. You can have food delivered to you using food delivery
apps and sites.
通过外卖程序和网站，你可以让人送餐上门。
deliver vt. to take goods, letters, packages etc to a particular place or person 递送，传送，交付
deliver sth. to sb. 把某物运送给某人
e.g. They set off to deliver supplies to an isolated village.
他们出发把供应品送到一座偏僻的村庄。
to make a speech etc to a lot of people 发表；宣布；发布
deliver a speech/ lecture 发表演讲
e.g. The king delivered a televised speech to the nation on
Nov 5.
国王在 11 月 5 日向全国发表了电视讲话。
to help a woman give birth to her baby, or to give birth to a baby 接生，助产；分娩，生产
be delivered of 生产，分娩
e.g. They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her
baby. 他们飞快地将她送到医院，医生给她接生了。
【语境应用】根据汉语意思补全下列句子。
1) Carrie的孩子是由她的妈妈接生的。
Carrie’s baby _____________ by her mother.
2) 这位教授给他的学生做了一次关于哲学的演讲。
The professor _________________ on philosophy to his students.
3) Once his message was __________(递送), he allowed me to stay and watch.
was delivered
delivered a speech
delivered
4. Gone are the days of searching shop after
shop for the perfect pair of boots - you
can compare styles and prices quickly and
easily in the comfort of your living room.
4. Gone are the days of searching shop after
shop for the perfect pair of boots - you
can compare styles and prices quickly and
easily in the comfort of your living room.
4. Gone are the days of searching shop after
shop for the perfect pair of boots - you
can compare styles and prices quickly and
easily in the comfort of your living room.
倒装结构，意为“……的日子一去不复返了”
3. Gone are the days of searching shop after
shop for the perfect pair of boots - you
can compare styles and prices quickly and
easily in the comfort of your living room.
倒装结构，意为“……的日子一去不复返了”
在……里舒舒服服地
① Due to the Internet you can learn anything you want in the comfort of your home.
② Now you can order your meals online and wait for the delivery in the comfort of your own room.
3. Gone are the days of searching shop after
shop for the perfect pair of boots - you
can compare styles and prices quickly and
easily in the comfort of your living room.
倒装结构，意为“……的日子一去不复返了”
在……里舒舒服服地
① Due to the Internet you can learn anything you want in the comfort of your home.
② Now you can order your meals online and wait for the delivery in the comfort of your own room.
3. Gone are the days of searching shop after
shop for the perfect pair of boots - you
can compare styles and prices quickly and
easily in the comfort of your living room.
倒装结构，意为“……的日子一去不复返了”
在……里舒舒服服地
由于互联网的存在，你可以在舒适的家里学到任何你想学的东西。
① Due to the Internet you can learn anything you want in the comfort of your home.
② Now you can order your meals online and wait for the delivery in the comfort of your own room.
3. Gone are the days of searching shop after
shop for the perfect pair of boots - you
can compare styles and prices quickly and
easily in the comfort of your living room.
倒装结构，意为“……的日子一去不复返了”
在……里舒舒服服地
由于互联网的存在，你可以在舒适的家里学到任何你想学的东西。
现在你可以在网上订餐，然后在自己的房间里舒舒服服地等着配送了。
① Due to the Internet you can learn anything you want in the comfort of your home.
② Now you can order your meals online and wait for the delivery in the comfort of your own room.
3. Gone are the days of searching shop after
shop for the perfect pair of boots - you
can compare styles and prices quickly and
easily in the comfort of your living room.
倒装结构，意为“……的日子一去不复返了”
在……里舒舒服服地
由于互联网的存在，你可以在舒适的家里学到任何你想学的东西。
现在你可以在网上订餐，然后在自己的房间里舒舒服服地等着配送了。
一家店一家店寻找那双最合适的靴子的日子一去不复返了。你们可以舒舒服服地待在客厅里轻松快捷地比较款式和价格。
把句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
（谓语动词要和后面的主语保持一致）
一、全部倒装
Complete Inversion
1.下列副词位于句首需要倒装
Besides the lake stand a couple of trees and under them runs a path. →
A couple of trees stand beside the lake and a path______________________.
湖边有几棵树，树下有一条小路。（方位副词）
____________________________stands a big monster. →
A big monster stands out of the room.
房子外边有一个怪兽（方位副词）
Now speaks the headamaster. → The headmaster speaks now.
现在说话的是班长（时间副词）
Then came the chairman. →____________________________.
然后主席来了（时间副词）
方位副词：up,down,in,away,off,out 等
时间副词：now,then 等
地点副词：here,there 等
表示地点的介词短语: in front of , from the top of 等
runs under them
Out of the room
The chairman came then
Here comes the bus. → The bus comes here.
公交车来了（地点副词）
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. →
A young man with a magazine in his hand sat by the window.
窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志（地点介词短语）
Among these people was his friend Jim. →
His friend jim was among these people.
他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中（地点介词短语）
2. 表语位于句首，需要全部倒装（为了强调或者为了使句子平衡或者为了使上下文连接得更加紧密）
Such are the facts. → the facts are such. 事实就是这些
Gone are the days when woman were looked down upon.→
The days when woman were looked down upon are gone.
女性被歧视的时代已经过去了
3. 当主语是代词时，不能倒装
Here it is（不倒装）——here is the book（倒装）
Here you are（不倒装）——here are the students.（倒装）
4. Why wait hopelessly for a taxi in the cold rain
为什么要在寒冷的雨中绝望地等待出租车呢？
Why do sth. 为什么做某事？
1) Why do sth. 为什么做某事？常含有责备的意思
e.g. Why knock him off his feet
为什么撞倒他？
2) Why not do… = Why don’t you/ we do… 这是一个常
用的表示建议的句型。
e.g. Why not go for a walk after dinner
为什么不晚饭后去散散步？
表示“建议”的基他句型
You’d better (not) do…
What/ How about doing…
Shall we do…
I suggest that…
Would you like…
【语境应用】完成句子
1) ___________________(为什么减少) buying the devices
2) _______________________(为什么不早点出发) on such a hot day
Why cut back on
Why not move off early
5. When you wish to go on holiday, you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer.
想要度假的话，你只要坐在电脑前，就能搞定你所有的行程安排。
arrangement n. plans and preparations that you must make so that something can happen 安排；准备；筹划
make arrangements (for) (为……) 做安排
e.g. She telephoned Ellen, but made no arrangements to see
her.
她给Ellen打了电话，但没有约她见面。
a group of things that are put in a particular position, or the process of doing this 排列；布置
e.g. The house was always decorated with imaginative flower
arrangements.
这所房子总是摆放着富有创意的插花。
something that has been organized or agreed on 商定，约定
come to an arrangement 达成协议
e.g. It would usually cost $500, but I'm sure we can come to
some kind of arrangement.
正常价格是 500 美元，但我相信我们可以再协商。
arrange v. 筹备；安排；整理
e.g. Don’t be in such a hurry. I have arranged a taxi for you.
别这么急。我已经为你安排了一辆出租车。
The girl is carefully arranging the books on the shelves.
那个女孩正在仔细地整理书架上的书。
arrange to do sth. 安排做某事
arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事
arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事
【语境应用】汉译英。
1) 不用担心，我会安排人到机场接你。
2) 他们商定好每周去一次公园。
Don’t worry. I’ll make arrangements for you to be picked up at the airport.
They have come to an arrangement that they should go to the park once a week.
7. There is no need to worry — you can pay for almost
everything on your smartphone.
没必要担心—你可以用智能手机支付几乎所有的费用。
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.（某人）没有必要做
某事
肯定形式：There is a need (for sb.) to do sth.（某人）需
要做某事
e.g. There is an instant need for us to take measures to solve the problem.
我们必须立即采取措施来解决这个问题。
There is (no) possibility/chance to do sth.
有(没有)……的可能性/机会
There is no doubt/saying that…毫无疑问……
There is no time to do sth.没时间做某事
There is no way to do sth.没办法做某事
There is no point in doing sth. 做某事没意义
There is no sense in doing sth.做某事没道理
There is no chance to do sth./of doing sth./that…
没有做某事的机会
1) _________________ tell me your answer now. Give it some thought and then let me know.
不必现在告诉我你的答案。想一想, 然后再告诉我。
2) _________________________ for more teachers to work in the remote mountainous areas.
急需更多的老师到那些偏远的山区工作。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
There is no need to
There is an immediate need
3) ________________ in beating around the bush. Let’s come straight to the point.
旁敲侧击没有什么意义了, 我们就直截了当进入主题吧。
4) _____________________ those who work hard will
succeed sooner or later.
毫无疑问, 那些努力拼搏的人迟早会取得成功。
5) __________________________ he will win the first place in the competition.
似乎有一种可能他会在竞赛中获得第一名。
There is no doubt that
There is no point
There seems a possibility that
8. Above all else, the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties.
最重要的是，互联网帮助我们建立并维持社交联系。
above all else: being more than any other things 最重要的是，尤其是（常用于句首或句中，常常省略else）
e.g. Above all (else), just have that insurance!
重要的是，一定要有那份保险！
after all 毕竟; 终究
all in all 整体来说; 总而言之
in all 全部; 总共
(not) at all 一点也不，完全(不)
first of all 首先
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) She couldn’t go to the party because she had to write a report.
But she went _________.
她不能参加聚会，因为她得写一份报告，但是她最后还是去了。
2) __________, my trip to Australia was a wonderful experience.
总的来说，我的澳大利亚之旅是一次愉快的经历。
3) Children need many things, but __________, they need love.
孩子需要很多东西，但最重要的是，他们需要爱。
4) It’s impossible to confuse Mary with her sister. They’re not alike __________.
不可能把Mary与她的姐姐相混淆。她们根本不像。
after all
All in all
above all
at all
establish vt. to start having a relationship, especially a formal one, with another person, group or country 建立（关系或联系）
e.g. I wonder why he didn’t establish contact with me.
我想知道他为什么没和我取得联系。
to start a company, organization, system, etc that is intended to exist or continue for a long time 建立；设立
e.g. Our goal is to establish a new research centre in the
North.
我们的目标是在北方建立一个新的研究中心。
to make people accept that you can do something, or that you have a particular quality 确立；使得到认可
establish yourself (as/in)
e.g. He has established himself as the leading candidate in the
election.
他已经确立了竞选中身为主要候选人的地位。
to find out facts that will prove that something is true 查实，确定
e.g. Before we take any action we must establish the facts/truth.
我们在采取行动之前必须弄清事实真相。
establish … as… 确认……为……
establish a good relationship 建立良好的关系
establish an empire 建立一个帝国
【注意】
establish意为“建立，设立”时，是瞬间动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) The professional has established his reputation _________
a biochemist.
2) By 1909, the man ______________ (establish) himself as a
painter of great talent in Paris.
3) In addition, you need to visit an __________ (establish)
website that offers stock charts.
4) It will be essential ___________ (establish) how the cash is
being spent.
as
had established
established
to establish
9. An instant message, a group chat, video call, a comment
on an update — there are endless ways to share our views
or let someone know we care about them.
即时消息、群聊、视频通话、对更新的评论—有无数的
方法来分享我们的观点，或让别人知晓我们对他们的关心。
comment n. something that you say or write which gives an opinion on or explains sb/sth 议论，评论
criticism or discussion of something someone has said or
done 批评，指责
make a comment on/ about 对……作出评论
without comment 未作出评论
no comment （通常用于回答记者的问题）无可奉告
e.g. Does anyone have any questions or comments
谁有什么问题或意见吗？
He was fined for making abusive comments to the referee.
他因谩骂裁判而被罚款。
comment vi.& vt. to express an opinion about someone or something 表达意见
搭配：comment on 对……作出评论
comment that… 评论说…
e.g. People were always commenting on his size.
人们总是对他的身材品头论足。
He commented that the two sections were rather similar.
他评论说两个部门颇为相似。
【语境应用】完成句子
1) She _______________________ my work.
她对我的工作提出了有益的评论。
2) I don’t feel ____________________________.
我觉得我无法对他们的决定作出评论。
made helpful comments on
I can comment on their decision
instant adj. happening or produced immediately 立即的；立刻的
e.g. He often eats out at an instant Chinese restaurant.
他经常在一家中式快餐店吃饭。
instant food, coffee etc is in the form of powder and prepared by adding hot water〔食物、咖啡等〕即食的，调制方便的
e.g. instant noodles 即食面(方便面)
instant coffee 速溶咖啡
instant n. a very short space of time; a moment 瞬间，片刻；某一时刻
at that instant 在那一瞬间
for an instant 一瞬间
in an instant 立即
the instant (that)… 一……就……
e.g. She caught his eye for an instant.
她刹那间便吸引了他的目光。
When the rain started, the crowd vanished in an instant (=immediately). 下雨了，人群立刻散尽。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 电话铃声一响她就醒了。
She woke up ________________________.
2) 开始下雨的时候，人群立刻散去。
When the rain started, the crowd vanished _____________.
the instant the phone rang
in an instant
10. …we must aware of these problems and be careful to use the
Internet properly and responsibly.
……我们必须意识到这些问题，并合理、负责任地谨慎
使用互联网。
aware adj. if you are aware that a situation exists, you realize or know that it exists 知道，意识到
if you are aware of something, you notice it, especially because you can see, hear, feel or smell it 察觉到，发觉
understanding a lot about what is happening around you and paying attention to it, especially because you realize possible dangers and problems 有……意识的
搭配：be /become aware of 察觉到、意识到
make sb. aware of sth. 使某人意识到
so / as far as I’m aware 据我所知
e.g. Advanced English learners are well aware of the importance of collocation.
高阶英语学习者十分清楚搭配的重要性。
Bill became aware that he was still holding his glass.
Bill注意到他还握着杯子。
awareness n. 认识，意识
raise one’s awareness 提高某人的意识
public awareness 公共意识
【语境应用】完成下列小题。
1) 这个小女孩儿没有意识到自己做错了事。
The little girl was not aware of having done wrong.
2) 他们突然意识到人们在看着他们。
They suddenly became aware of people looking at them.
3) 你有没有意识到已经出了问题？
Were you aware that something was wrong
11. Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery,
wonder and inspiration for everyone.
唯有如此，互联网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源。
“only +状语(in this way)”置于句首，句子用了部分倒装，即将can提到主语way之前。
only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时,句子需要使用部分倒装[把谓语的一部分（助动词或情态动词）提到主语之前]。
e.g. Only when she came home did her mother learn the news.
她到家了她的妈妈才知道这个消息。
Only in this way can he succeed.
只有这样，他才能成功。
will we
achieve a goal
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Only after talking to two students ______________ (我才
发现) that having strong motivation is one of the biggest
factors in reaching goals.
2) Only when we stick to what we have decided to do ______
_______________(我们才会完成目标).
did I discover
Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.
只有这样，互联网才能成为发现、奇迹和激励的地方。
only位于句首后跟状语时需要倒装
You can expect to get a pay rise only with hard work.
Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.
只有努力工作后你才能期待工资上涨
He came to the meeting only after being asked three times.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting .
通知了三次，他才来参加会议
You will keep good relationships with others only when you can find peace in your heart.
Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.
当你找到你内心的平静的时候，你就能和周围的人保持良好的关系
1. 含有否定意义的副词或是否定意义的介词短语
含有否定意义的副词：few.little.never.nor.not until.hardly.rarely.seldom等
否定意义的介词短语：at no time,by no means,in no case, in no way等
I never felt so happy in my life → never did I feel so happy in my life.
我一生中从没有这么开心过
I seldom get invited into his office alone.→Seldom do I get invited into his office alone.
我很少被单独叫进办公室
Smoking is permitted at no time in the meeting room.→
At no time is smoking permitted in the meeting room.
任何时候在办公室抽烟都是不允许的
2. 几个常见的重要的句型
（1）no sooner ...than / hardly... when/scarely..when 刚一....就
倒装时把scarely/hardly/no sooner置于句首。
Than/when前面的句子部分倒装用过去完成时，
than/when 后面的句子用过去式且不倒装.
e.g:
She had scarely opened the door when her son rushed up to her.
Scarely had she opened the door when her son rushed up to her.
她一打开门她儿子就冲了出来
I had hardly got home when the bell rang.
Hardly had i got home when the bell rang.
我一到家铃声就响了
(2) Not until 句型，直到....
Not until 置于句首,主句倒装，从句不倒装.
I realized i hadn’t work hard not untill i saw the score
Not until i saw the score did i realize i hadn’t work hard.
知道看到成绩我才意识到我不够努力。
He finished his homework not until the teacher came.
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.
直到老师来了他才完成作业。
（3）So/Neither/Nor 表示重复的内容 “ 也不。”
If you won’t go. Neither/nor will I.
你不去，我也不去。
Tom can speak english. So can jack.
汤姆会将法语，杰克也会
Amy can’t answer the question. Nor/neither can I.
艾米不会回答那个问题，我也不会
Neither do I know her name, Nor does he.
我不知道她的名字。他也不知道
（4）so..that/such ..that 如此..以至于
So 位于句首时部分倒装，前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装.
The issue is so serious that people should pay more attention to it.
So serious is the issue that people should pay more attention to it .
山姆不仅通过了考试，而且所有的课程都取得了好成绩.
(3) not only..but also 不仅..而且
Not only 位于句首时部分倒装，前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装.
Sam not only passed the exam but got good marks for all the courses he had taken.
Not only did sam pass the exam but got good marks for all the courses he had taken.
山姆不仅通过了考试，而且所有的课程都取得了好成绩
Building your language
B1 The passage below is about proper online plete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.
comment site establish to a certain extent
majority click aware above all else
The Internet has brought us great convenience. (1) _________________, we can hardly live without it. However, it also raises all sorts of questions: when surfing the Internet, how can we protect ourselves How can we use the Internet responsibly
To a certain extent
The following guidelines may show you how to live in the digital world.
(2)____________, you should use the Internet in a safe way. You must always be careful about which (3)________to trust. One wrong (4)_________may damage your computer and remove all your computer files! Therefore, before visiting a web page, always check for signs that warn people of danger. Another tip is to keep your personal information private, including your phone number, address and email account.
Above all else
site
click
comment site establish to a certain extent
majority click aware above all else
You also need to show respect when communicating with other online users. Leave (5)___________ politely and treat others the way you would like to be treated. Though the (6) __________of online users are nice and friendly, there might be some users who make you feel uncomfortable online. In such cases, be (7)_________that you always have the right to say no and cut off contact. Remember that relationships you (8)_________ in the digital world are just the same as those you have in real life.
majority
aware
comments
establish
comment site establish to a certain extent
majority click aware above all else
Write your essay about the problems of the Internet and give your suggestions.