2023年中考英语知识点梳理表格版演示课件（形容词和副词）（含32张PPT）

(共32张PPT)
2023年中考考点梳理
表格版演示课件
（形容词和副词）
做定语
做表语
做补语
做状语
做表语
做后置定语
名转形：
-y;-ly;-ern;-ful
形转副：
-y;-;y
形容词
副词
形容词
形容词和副词
级别
比较级
最高级
原级
比较级+than
比较级+and+比较级
the+比较级...，
the+比较级...
the+最高级+in/of...
the+序数词+最高级
one of the+最高级+名词（复数）
as...as
not as/so...as
分类 含义 示例
中考考点
形容词和副词的辨析
形容词和副词的比较等级
词语运用中考查形容词和副词填空
词义辨析，读懂语境，理解词义
1.than 是比较级的标志词：one of...是最高级的标志，as...as 是原级的标志
2.结合语境来判断使用哪种形式。
混合辨析，空格处所修饰的成分来判定
1.形容词修饰名词;
2.副词修饰动词或形容词;
3.如果空格前是系动词或感官动词，则空格处需要用形容词作表语。
3.特殊句型或结构，如“the+比较级，the+比较级”“比较级+and+比较级”
先分析句子结构，弄清成分，判断词性，正确形式;
根据词汇的变化规律或固定句式结构，写出正确的单词形式
-ing形容词”令人...的” -ed形容词"感到...的”
常用来说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征。 通常用于说明人，主语多为人，不用于说明事物。
tiring 令人累的 tired 累的
satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 满意的
surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 惊讶的
worrying 令人担心的 worried 担心的
amazing 令人吃惊的 amazed 惊讶的
shocking 令人吃惊的 shocked 惊讶的
disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的
embarrassing 令人尴尬的 embarrassed 尴尬的
frightening 令人害怕的 frightened 感到害怕的
-ing 形容词和-ed形容词
思考与练习
1. The customers were all to see the scene in the supermarket yesterday.
A.amazing; amazed B.amazing; amazing
C. amazed; amazed D.amazed; amazing
2.Laws that punish parents for their little children's actions against the laws get parents .
A.worried B. to worried
C.worrying D.worry
3. The little boy isn't getting on well in maths and worse still, he is even unwilling to go to school. With her son ，she feels very .
A.disappointing; worrying B.disappointing: worried
C.disappointed; worried D.disappointed; worrying
4.As we all know, typing is a job to a heart.
A.tired; tired B.tired;tiring
C.tiring; tired D.tiring; tiring
句意:这个小男孩儿数学不好，更糟糕的是，他甚至不愿意去学校。由于她的儿子令人失望，她感到非常担心。表示”令人，的”，用-ing形容词;表示”感到......的，用-ed形容词.
第一空填tiring，表示”使人劳累的“;第二空填tired，表示”感到劳累的”。
It's +adj.+of + sb.+不定式 It’s +adj.(+ for + sb.)+不定式
某人做某事怎么样 做某事(对某人来说)怎么样
kind(友善的) difficult(困难的)，hard(艰难的),
nice(友好的) easy(容易的)
polite(有礼貌的) impossible(不可能的)
clever(聪明的) dangerous(危险的)
foolish(愚蠢的) safe(安全的)
lazy(懒惰的) useful(有益的)
careful(细心的) pleasant(令人愉快的)
careless(粗心的) interesting(有趣的)
It's nice of you to say so. It’s necessary for us to find it out.
含形容词的常用句型
It's +adj.+of + sb.+不定式 It’s +adj.(+ for + sb.)+不定式
某人做某事怎么样 做某事(对某人来说)怎么样
kind(友善的) difficult(困难的)，hard(艰难的),
nice(友好的) easy(容易的)
polite(有礼貌的) impossible(不可能的)
clever(聪明的) dangerous(危险的)
foolish(愚蠢的) safe(安全的)
lazy(懒惰的) useful(有益的)
careful(细心的) pleasant(令人愉快的)
careless(粗心的) interesting(有趣的)
It's nice of you to say so. It’s necessary for us to find it out.
常接不定式的形容词
分类 用法 示例
常接不定式的形容词
表示感情或情绪
表示能力和意志
glad/pleased( 高兴的) sorry( 遗憾的)
sad(忧伤的)
ready(有准备的)
able(有能力的)
sure(一定)
certain(一定)
I'm sorry to hear that.
Lei Feng is always ready to help others.
用法 示例
做状语
修饰动词
修饰形容词或副词
修饰整个句子
作定语
作表语
作宾语补足语
He studies hard.
The girl is very happy.
Luckily,nothing valuable was stolen.
The food here is very delicious.
My father will be back in a week.
Let him in, please.
副词
“a number of+复数名词”
The pair of pants is too expensive.
类别 词语 含义 示例
状态系 be 是，在
感官系 look 看起来
feel 感觉；摸起来
smell 闻起来
sound 听起来
taste 尝起来
The boy is very clever.
You look beautiful in the red dress.
The dress feels soft.
The flowers smell sweet.
The music sounds beautiful.
The noodles taste delicious.
类别 示例 备注
时间副词
地点副词
方式副词
程度副词
疑问副词
关系副词
now,then,today,tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago, soon,lately, early,already等
outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in,back,off,up, anywhere等
quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly,luckily, badly, easily等
very, quite, rather, too, much,so 等
when, where,why, how 等
when, where,why
副词的分类
频度副词
always, usually, often, sometimes,hardly, seldom, never等
确定句子时态的重要标志
前面不加介词
大多由“形容词+ly”构成
有的可以修饰形容词和副词的原级或比较级
构成特殊疑问句
引导定语从句
表频率，回答 how often引导的特殊疑问句
短语 用法 示例
how long,how soon, how often 与 how far
how long
how soon
how far
提问一段时间，“for +时间段”或“since+时间点”
多远，对距离提问
—How long have you been in Beijing
—For two years.
—How soon will Mr.Wang come back
—In two days.
—How often do you watch TV
—Three times a week.
提问某个动作多长时间之后发生或结束，常用“in+时间段”
对频率提问，常用once/twice a day 等回答
how often
—How far is it from your home to your school
—About two kilometers.
短语 用法 示例
hard 与 hardly
hard
hardly
努力地;猛烈地
Li Ming works hard at school.
He hardly works.
几乎不，是否定副词
短语 用法 示例
too much, too many 与 much too
too much
too many
“太多”，修饰不可数名词
There is too much water on the road.
There are too many people in the supermarket.
These shoes are much too tight.
“太多”，too many修饰可数名词复数
“太,非常”，修饰形容词或副词原级
much too
构成方法 示例
加-en wood→wooden, gold→golden, wool→woolen
加-ern east→eastern, west→western, southeast→southeastern
加-y cloud→cloudy, wind→windy, health→healthy
加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly,month→monthly
加-ful care→careful, help →helpful, wonder→wonderful
加-less home→homeless, care→careless, hope→hopeless
加-n Asia→Asian, Australia→Australian, India→Indian
加-ous danger→dangerous, humor→humorous, courage→courageous
常见的名词变形容词的方法
情况 构成方法 示例
形容词变副词的方法:一般由形容词+ -ly 构成
一般情况
以辅音字母+y 结尾
以元音字母+e结尾
加-ly
去e加-ly
quick→quickly, brave→bravely
easy→easily, happy→happily
simple→simply, gentle→gently
将y改成i再加-ly
去e加-y
以le结尾
true→truly, due→duly
注意：一般名词后面加-ly是形容词，friendly 友好的;lonely 孤独的;lovely 可爱的;lively 充满活力的,生动有趣的。
情况 形容词义 副词词义
常见的形容词、副词同形的单词
fast
early
hard
快的
努力的;硬的;艰难的
快
早
在高处
早的
高的
high
努力地;坚硬地;艰难地
late
晚的;迟到的
晚;迟
straight
直的
径直地;直线地
high高的-high在高处-highly非常,高度地 praise highly 高度赞扬
形容词和副词比较等级的构成—规则变化
The pair of pants is too expensive.
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节和少数双音节
多音节部分双音节
colder
harder
larger
later
easier
happier
bigger
wetter
more beautiful
more quickly
most beautiful
most quickly
coldest
hardest
largest
latest
easiest
happiest
biggest
wettest
cold
hard
large
late
easy
happy
big
wet
直接加
直接加-r/-st
y变i加
双写加
beautiful
quickly
前加more/less;
most/least
形容词和副词比较等级的构成—不规则变化
The pair of pants is too expensive.
原级 比较级 最高级
better
worse
more
less
further(进一步的)
farthest(最远的)
best
worst
most
least
good/well
bad/badly
many/much
little
far
older(年纪较大的)
oldest(年纪最大的)
old
elder(较年长的)
eldest(最年长的)
further(进一步的)
furthest(最大限度的)
形容词和副词原级的用法
The pair of pants is too expensive.
条件 结构 示例
very/so/ too/quite +形容词/副词原级
形容词/副词原级+ enough
倍数+as +形容词/副词原级+as + B”结构，A是B的几倍
Li Ming is as tall as Danny.
The box is too heavy.
She sings well enough.
有表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite 等修饰时
表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时
as+形容词/副词原级+as+B，“A 和B一样”
not as/so +形容词/副词原级+ as+ B，“A 不如B”
This room is three times as big as that one.
I am not as/so careful as Mary.
原级的判断:句中有as...as...结构或有very, so,too, quite,enough 等修饰，则用原级。
句型 示例
形容词/副词比较级+than
倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than
a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still, far+形容词/副词比较级
比较级+ and +比较级
“越来越...”
This room is bigger than that one.
He runs faster than Tom.
This room is three times bigger than that one.
He runs twice faster than Tom.
I feel even worse now.
Our city is more and more beautiful.
形容词和副词比较级的用法:表示两者进行比较时用比较级
the +比较级,the + 比较级
“越...越...”
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
句型 含义 示例
特殊疑问词+be/实义动词+形容词/副词比较级，A or B
A+be/实义动词+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)
A+be/实义动词+the+形容词比较级+of the two+...
Which is bigger, the earth or the moon
The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.
He is the thinner of the two.
形容词和副词比较级的用法:表示两者进行比较时用比较级
A、B两者中哪一个更...？
A最...
A是两者中较.....的一个
句型 含义 示例
(the)形容词/副词最高级+(名词+)表示比较范围的短语或从句
主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+ in/of/ among 短语
特殊疑问词+名词+be/实义动词+the+形容词/副词最高级+名词，A,B，or C
This apple is the biggest of the five.
I run (the) fastest in my class.
Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.
Which country is the largest, China, Brazil or Canada
形容词和副词最高级常见结构
......中最.....的
....是.....中最..之一
用于三者以上的比较
the序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+范围
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
在.....是第几最
1.Peter has a memory and often forgets the names of people around him.
A.long B.good C.rich D.poor
2.Kelly, don’t go out, please. It's raining .
A. slowly B.heavily C.luckily
句意:彼得记性很差，他经常忘记周围人的名字。long长的;good好的;rich 富有的，丰富的;poor 贫穷的，可怜的，糟糕的。根据下文“经常忘记他周围人的名字”可知“记性很差”。用 poor memory表达。
练习
句意:凯莉，不要出去，外面在下大雨。slowly慢慢地;heavily 大量地;luckily 幸运地。根据前一句“不要出去”，可知雨下得很大。
3.Children usually play this kind of word game than grown-ups.
A.well B.better C.best
4.—What is river in China
—The Yangtze River. It’s about 6,300 kilometers long.
A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest
句意:孩子们玩这种文字游戏通常比大人们玩得好。由句中关键词 than“比”可以推断此处应使用比较级。
句意:—中国最长的河流是什么 —长江。它大约6300公里长。根据语境及句式可知，本题考查“the+形容词最高级+比较范围”句式，故此处应为the longest。
5.Martin went out (angry) when he heard the news.
本题考查形容词、副词词形变化。根据句子结构，推知括号内单词修饰动词短语went out，需用其副词形式
angrily
1.(2021.福建)—Dad,I get a good job.
—Congratulations! Work hard and make yourself more .
A.valuable B.fashionable C.comfortable
2.(2021·上海)To be healthier,she ate less junk food and fruit and vegetables than before.
A.many B.much C.more D.most
3.(2021.天津)Our job is very important and we had better make sure it is done .
A.hardly B.properly C.suddenly D.hungrily
常见的形容词、副词同形的单词
4.(2021.北京)—Which sport is ，football, basketball or volleyball
—Basketball,I think.
A.interesting B.more interesting
C.most interesting D.the most interesting
5.(2021·湖北)Those T—shirts are usually $35 each, but today they have a price of $19 in the Shopping Center.
A.normal B.special C.high D.double
6.(2021.福建)—Mom,why do we seldom go out to eat
—Honey, home cooking is and can improve the family relationship.
A.healthy B.healthier C.healthiest
7.(2021 ·江苏)Seeing the basketball in the picture, I believe it's a real one.
A.properly B.highly C.nearly D.hardly
8.(2021·黑龙江)Everyone in our village likes Harry because he always talks to others .
A.unfriendly B.lovely C.politely D.slowly
9.(2021·西藏)The water in the lakes and rivers here became .
A.fewer and fewer B.little and little
C.few and few D.less and less
10.(2021.重庆)The mask(口罩)，a common product to prevent virus spreading,has lately been than before.
A.more dearer B.much expensive
C.much more expensive D.a little dear
11.(2021.吉林)—I feel really before my job interview tomorrow.
—Take it easy.I'm sure you will do fine.
A.patient B.serious C.nervous D.excited
12.(2021·江西)—Can I have a talk with you
—Well,I am this afternoon.Let's meet at my house then.
A.comfortable B.valuable C.believable D.available
13.(2021.浙江)—Look,Grandma! click here, and then you can talk to the doctor.
—So easy Do I need a special number or something
A.Simply B.Gradually C.Recently D.Carelessly
14.(2021.上海)Ronaldo is one of players in the history of football
A.successful B.more successful
C.most successful D.the most successful
15.(2021.黑龙江)When you go to a boarding school, you have to be separated from your family.It’s a brave thing to do.
A.too B.so C.very