新北师大版必修一综合复习分层练 B（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷+解析卷）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
北师大版必修一综合复习分层练B（基础达标+能力提升）（解析卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A 150-year-old shipwreck（遇难船）believed　11． 　（be）a treasure of cultural relics was　12． 　（eventual） lifted from a riverbed near Shanghai early Monday morning in a high-tech salvage（打捞）operation.
The merchant ship,　13． 　 (refer) to as Yangtze River Estuary No 2 Ancient Vessel, dates back to the period of Emperor Tongzhi(1862-1875) in the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911). When it　14． 　(discover) in 2015, it was sitting 5. 5 meters off the northeast tip of Hengsha Island in Chongming district.
Recovery of the merchant vessel-about 38. 1 meters longand 9. 9 meters across at its widest point-was one of the most important and challenging underwater archaeological excavation（挖掘）　15． 　（project）China has undertaken.
The retrieval（取回）of the vessel "marks the perfect　16． 　（combine）of underwater engineering and cultural relics protection principles, "said Guan Qiang, deputy director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration.
"The project has provided a Chinese example, Chinese model, and Chinese experience for the global protection of underwater cultural relics, "he said.
In the coming days, another ship will take the shipwreck to the former site of Shanghai Shipyard in Yangpu district, where it will be examined and studied. The ship has been described by the heritage administration as "the largest and best-preserved sunken wooden sailboat in China's underwater archaeological findings, with　17． 　huge number of cultural relics　18． 　board".
Fang Shizhong,　19． 　 position is director of the Shanghai Cultural Heritage Administration, said that the discovery of the ancient boat was very 　20． 　(meaning), which "proves Shanghai's position as an important shipping and maritime commerce center for East Asia and even the whole world."
【答案】11．to be；12．eventually；13．referred；14．was discovered；15．projects；16．combination；17．a；18．on；19．whose；20．meaningful
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了打捞一艘拥有150年历史的沉船的工作。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及动词不定式、副词、过去分词、谓语动词、名词、冠词、介词、定语从句、形容词和固定短语等知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
11．句意：周一凌晨，一艘有150年历史的沉船在一项高科技打捞行动中最终从上海附近的河床上打捞上来，这艘沉船被认为是一件珍贵的文物。believed to do sth作后置定语，意“被相信做某事”，故答案为to be。
12．句意：周一凌晨，一艘有150年历史的沉船在一项高科技打捞行动中最终从上海附近的河床上打捞上来，这艘沉船被认为是一件珍贵的文物。空格前后的was和lifted构成了完整的一般过去时态的被动语态，所以空格处应使用副词形式，故答案为eventually。
13．句意：这艘被称为长江口二号古船的商船，可以追溯到清朝(1644-1911)同治皇帝(1862-1875)时期。过去分词短语作状语，与句子主语构成被动、完成的关系时应使用过去分词形式；句子句子主语“The merchant ship商船”与非谓语动词短语“3 (refer) to as Yangtze River Estuary No 2 Ancient Vessel称为长江口二号”是被动关系，故答案为referred。
14．句意：当它在2015年被发现时，它的位置是崇明区横沙岛东北角5.5米处。分析句子结构可知空格处缺少谓语动词；根据时间状语in 2015，可知应使用一般过去时态；根据句意，句子主语“it（商船）”与谓语动词“discover发现”是被动关系，所以空格处应使用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为was discovered。
15．句意：打捞这艘长约38.1米，宽9.9米的商船是中国进行的最重要、最具挑战性的水下考古发掘项目之一。“one of+名词的复数形式”，是固定短语，意“……之一”，故答案为projects。
16．句意：此次打捞“标志着水下工程与文物保护原则的完美结合”。根据常见结构“冠词+（形容词）+名词”，可知空格处应使用名词，故答案为combination。
17．句意：该船被文物局描述为“中国水下考古发现中最大、保存最完好的沉没木帆船，船上有大量文物”。“a number of+名词复数形式”是固定短语，意“许多，大量的”；此处是指“大量的文物”，故填a。
18．句意：该船被文物局描述为“中国水下考古发现中最大、保存最完好的沉没木帆船，船上有大量文物”。“on board”是固定短语，意“在船上”，故答案为on。
19．句意：上海市文物局局长方世忠表示，这艘古船的发现意义重大。定语从句中，当空格后有名词，且先行词与该名词之间构成所属关系时，定语从句应用whose引导，故答案为whose。
20．句意：上海市文物局局长方世忠表示，这艘古船的发现意义重大。根据“系表”结构，可知空格处应使用形容词作系动词was的表语，且空格前的副词very修饰该空格处的形容词，故填meaningful。
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
turn around, figure out, stand for, cool down, take notes, take risks, day after day, succeed in, bring...into focus
51．I shall let him 　 　 before discussing the subject.
52．I find I can't 　 　 those who put on airs.
53．Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did they 　 　 solving the problem.
54．　 　 so that I can see the back of the dress.
55．We waited 　 　, but the expected visitor never arrived.
56．You don't need to 　 　, for the teacher had put his script on Internet.
57．　 　 the subject 　 　 if you want to have a good picture.
58．Could you help me 　 　 this problem
【答案】51．cool down
52．stand for
53．succeed in
54．Turn around
55．day after day
56．take notes
57．Bring；into focus
58．figure out
【解析】【分析】turn around动词短语，“转身”； figure out动词短语，“弄清楚”； stand for动词短语，“代表”； cool down动词短语，“冷静下来”； take notes动词短语，“做笔记”； take risks动词短语，“冒险”； day after day固定短语，“一天一天地”； succeed in动词短语“成功做.....”； bring...into focus动词短语，“使.....集中于......”。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
51．句意：在讨论这个问题之前，我要让他冷静下来。 cool down动词短语，“冷静下来”，此处不带to的动词不定式作宾补，故填cool down 。
52．句意：我发现我不能忍受那些装腔作势的人。stand for动词短语，“代表”，can't 后接动词原形，故填stand for 。
53．句意：只有在他们进行了数百次实验之后。succeed in动词短语“成功做.....”，此处是谓语动词，did后将动词原形，故填succeed in 。
54．句意：转过身，这样我就能看到衣服的背面。turn around动词短语，“转身”，此处是祈使句，故填Turn around 。
55．句意：我们等了一天又一天，但期待的客人一直没来。 day after day固定短语，“一天一天地”，此处作时间状语，故填day after day 。
56．句意：你不需要做笔记，因为老师已经把他的剧本放到了网上。take notes动词短语，“做笔记”，此处不定式作宾语，故填take notes 。
57．句意：如果你想拍出一张好照片，就把拍摄对象对准焦点。bring...into focus动词短语，“使.....集中于......”，此句是祈使句，故填Bring；into focus。
58．句意：你能帮我解决这个问题吗？figure out动词短语，“弄清楚”，此处不带to的动词不定式作宾补，故填figure out 。
三、翻译
1．很荣幸被邀请在这儿发表演讲。
It is a great honour 　 　　 　　 　 to speak here.
【答案】to；be；invited
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 被邀请 ”， 应用be invited表达，此处不定式的被动式作主语，故答案为：to；be；invited。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式的被动式作主语。
2．他们发现在两天之内完成他们的工作非常困难。
They found it very difficult 　 　　 　　 　　 　 within two days.
【答案】to；finish；their；work
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 完成他们的工作 ”， 应用动词短语finish their work，此处不定式作宾语，故答案为：to；finish； their； work。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及不定式作宾语。
3．好借好还，再借不难。
Timely return of a loan makes it easier 　 　　 　 a second time.
【答案】to；borrow
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 借 ”，应用动词borrow，此处不定式作宾语，故答案为：to borrow。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及不定式作宾语。
4．在你离开房间之前，记得把灯关了。
　 　　 　　 　　 　 the lights before you leave the room.
【答案】Remember；to；turn；off
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 记得关 ”，应用动词短语remember to do“记住要做......”，“关”应用动词短语turn off，此句是祈使句，应用动词原形，故答案为：Remember；to；turn；off。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及祈使句以及固定短语remember to do和turn off。
5．我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语。
What I want to do most in my senior high school is 　 　　 　　 　　 　.
【答案】to；improve；my；English
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 提高我的英语 ”， 应用动词短语improve my English，此处不定式作表语，故答案为：to；improve；my；English。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及不定式作表语。
6．公元405年，陶渊明辞去了官职，以表达他对仕途的不满，用今天的一句名言形容就是“不为五斗米折腰”。
In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, 　 　　 　　 　 in the now famous line that he would not "bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain".
【答案】expressing；his；unhappiness
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 表达他的不满 ”， 应用动词短语express one's unhappiness，此处现在分词作状语，故答案为：expressing；his；unhappiness。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
7．……他们关于简单生活和与自然和谐相处的想法，可能会让我们离获得个人幸福和满足感更近一步。
...their ideas about 　 　　 　 and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to 　 　　 　 well-being and fulfilment.
【答案】living；simply；attaining；personal
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 简单生活 ”应用动词短语live simply，此处动名词作介词宾语，故填living simply；以及“ 获得个人的”应用动词attain“获得”，此处动名词作介词宾语，以及形容词 personal “个人的”作定语，修饰名词 well-being ，故答案为：living；simply；ttaining；personal。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及动名词作介词宾语。
8．……梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。
...Thoreau's was a personal decision 　 　　 　 the way he lived.
【答案】to；transform
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 改变 ”， 应用动词 transform ，此处不定式作定语，故答案为：to；transform。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及不定式作定语。
9．……他从这种简单的生活中成功获得了满足感，并从大自然中获得了乐趣。
...he succeeded in 　 　　 　 in its simplicity and in 　 　　 　 from nature.
【答案】finding；contentment；drawing；pleasure
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“ 获得了满足感 ”， 应用动词短语find contentment，此处动名词作介词in的宾语，故填finding；contentment；以及“ 获得了乐趣 ”应用动词短语draw pleasure，此处动名词作介词宾语，故填drawing； pleasure。故答案为：finding；contentment；drawing； pleasure。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及动名词作宾语。
10．昨天John因为粗心，自己所有的钱都被偷走了。 (get+宾语+宾补)
John 　 　 yesterday because of his carelessness.
【答案】got all his money stolen
【解析】【分析】根据英汉对照，可知缺少“自己所有的钱都被偷走了”；根据句意并分析句子结构，可知此处考查get sth. done结构，表示主语遭遇某种不幸的情况，含过去分词短语作宾补的用法，故答案为got all his money stolen。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意熟记过去分词作宾补，常和宾语构成被动、完成的关系。
四、完形填空
Pierre de Coubertin, the father of the Olympics, once said, "All 21． for all people." Sports were also a big part of Jim's life. Jim was always on the team. But his favourite sport was football.
One day in practice, something went horribly 22． . Jim got seriously hurt. Doctors had to 23． his right leg below the knee. After weeks of treatment, Jim got a man-made leg. "I felt, like a baby, because I had to learn how to 24． again," he said. However, Jim never lost his 25． spirit. "I took it on just as a 26． ." he explains.
One goal kept Jim 27． . "I was determined to get back and play football." he says. His coach and teammates visit him, offering their 28． .
When Jim returned to school, he was in a wheelchair. Jim's school had a top football team. Would Jim be able to play at such a competitive level At first, no one was 29． . There was no need to worry. Before long, Jim mastered the use of his new 30． . He was back on the football field and soon became one of the most 31． members of the team.
Jim also 32． playing wheelchair basketball and wheelchair football. He competed in weightlifting (举重) for people with disability as well.
Jim always says, "Don't try to be something you're not, be the 33．
you can be." Jim's best performance turns out to be better than anyone could have 34． . Now he holds a world record for weightlifting. And he hopes to 35． in the Paralympics (残奥会).
21．A．honour B．sports C．stress D．strength
22．A．strange B．unique C．narrow D．wrong
23．A．work out B．cut off C．focus on D．apply for
24．A．quit B．hike C．survive D．walk
25．A．fighting B．commenting C．comparing D．winning
26．A．request B．legend C．challenge D．friendship
27．A．pretending B．going C．graduating D．searching
28．A．support B．source C．destination D．diet
29．A．sure B．successful C．official D．graceful
30．A．castle B．flight C．leg D．tool
31．A．injured B．valuable C．unusual D．expensive
32．A．admired B．considered C．remembered D．began
33．A．biggest B．tallest C．best D．wisest
34．A．known B．realized C．expected D．provided
35．A．cheat B．cheer C．sweat D．compete
【答案】21．B；22．D；23．B；24．D；25．A；26．C；27．B；28．A；29．A；30．C；31．B；32．D；33．C；34．C；35．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了运动员Jim在腿部截肢后还坚持进行体育运动的励志故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：全民进行体育运动。A. honour“荣誉”；B. sports“体育”；C. stress“压力”；D. strength“力量”。根据下文“Sports were also a big part of Jim's life.”可推知，此处指全民进行体育运动。故选B。
22．句意：有一天在训练中，出了严重的差错。A. strange“奇怪的”；B. unique“独特的”；C. narrow“狭窄的”；D. wrong“错误的”。根据下文“Jim got seriously hurt.”可推知，此处指训练出了严重的差错，导致Jim受伤了。故选D。
23．句意：医生不得不切断他右腿的膝盖以下部分。A. work out“锻炼”；B. cut off“切断”；C. focus on“专注于”；D. apply for“申请”。根据上文“Jim got seriously hurt.”以及下文“Jim got a man-made leg”可推知，此处指Jim受伤后，医生不得不切断他的部分右腿。故选B。
24．句意：“我感觉自己像个婴儿，因为我必须再次学习如何走路，”他说。A. quit“退出”；B. hike“徒步旅行”；C. survive“生存”；D. walk“行走”。根据上文“Jim got a man-made leg”以及空前“like a baby”可推知，此处指Jim换上假腿后，感觉自己像个婴儿，需要重新学习走路。故选D。
25．句意：然而，Jim从未失去他的战斗精神。A. fighting“战斗”；B. commenting“评论”；C. comparing“比较”；D. winning“获胜”。根据下文“I was determined to get back and play football.”可推知，此处指Jim从未放弃继续战斗的精神。故选A。
26．句意：他解释道：“我把它当作一种挑战。”A. request“请求”；B. legend“传奇”；C. challenge“挑战”；D. friendship“友谊”。根据上文“I had to learn how to 4 again”以及“Jim never lost his 5 spirit”可推知，此处指Jim从未放弃，而是将它当作一次挑战。故选C。
27．句意：一个目标让Jim继续前进。A. pretending“假装”；B. going“移动、前进”；C. graduating“毕业”；D. searching“寻找”。根据下文“I was determined to get back and play football.”可推知，此处指Jim想回去踢足球的决心是让Jim继续前进的目标。故选B。
28．句意：他的教练和队友去看他，给予他支持。A. support“支持”；B. source“来源”；C. destination“目的地”；D. diet“饮食”。根据上文“I was determined to get back and play football.”以及空前“His coach and teammates visit him, offering their”可推知，此处指的教练和队友对Jim的愿望给予支持。故选A。
29．句意：起初，没有人确定。A. sure“确定”；B. successful“成功的”；C. official“正式的”；D. graceful“优雅的”。根据上文“Would Jim be able to play at such a competitive level ”以及下文“He was back on the football field”可推知，此处指在Jim重回足球场之前，无人能确定Jim能在如此有竞争力的水平上比赛。故选A。
30．句意：不久，Jim就掌握了假腿的用法。A. castle“城堡”；B. flight“航班”；C. leg“腿”；D. tool“工具”。根据上文“Jim got a man-made leg”以及“I had to learn how to 4 again”可推知，此处指Jim很快就掌握了新安装的腿的用法。故选C。
31．句意：他回到了足球场，很快就成为了球队中最有价值的成员之一。A. injured“受伤的”；B. valuable“有价值的”；C. unusual“不寻常的”；D. expensive“昂贵的”。根据空前“He was back on the football field”以及下文“Jim's best performance turns out to be better than anyone”可推知，此处指Jim回到了足球场上，并且成了球队中最有价值的成员之一。故选B。
32．句意：Jim也开始打轮椅篮球、和踢轮椅足球。A. admired“钦佩”；B. considered“考虑”；C. remembered“记得”；D. began“开始”。根据空后“playing wheelchair basketball and wheelchair football”可推知，此处指Jim安上假腿后也开始打轮椅篮球、踢轮椅足球。故选D。
33．句意：Jim常说:“不要试着成为另一个人，做最好的自己。”A. biggest“最大的”；B. tallest“最高的”；C. best“最好的”；D. wisest“明智的”。根据空前“Don’t try to be something you’re not”以及空后“you can be”可推知，此处指Jim让大家成为最好的自己。故选C。
34．句意：Jim的最佳表现出乎所有人的意料。A. known“知道”；B. realized“认识到，实现”；C. expected“预期”；D. provided“提供”。根据空前“better than anyone could have”以及下文“Now he holds a world record for weightlifting.”可推知，此处指Jim的最佳表现超出了所有人的预期。故选C。
35．句意：他还希望在残奥会中参加比赛。A. cheat“欺骗”；B. cheer“欢呼”；C. sweat“流汗”；D. compete“竞争，参加比赛”。根据空后“in the Paralympics (残奥会) ”可推知，此处指Jim希望参加残奥会中的比赛。故选D。
五、阅读理解
A
At first sight, Alma Deutscher, a sixteen-year-old girl from England appears to be like any other typical teenager. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average. Though her parents downplayed(淡化)her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as "little Mozart" by the music world.
Alma's opera based on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming, a poet through a song. "In my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad—but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the girls of the country to sing the end of the ballad."
The opera was first performed in Vienna, Austria on December 29, 2016, where the then eleven-year-old skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and received enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, one in Australia and the other in China.
While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, "Of course I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on."
Alma's musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that as an 18-month-old toddler, she was able to hum a perfect version of the children's rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.
However, Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed "little Mozart". This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called "a composer and musician".
Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying "There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma." Regardless of what she calls herself, the sixteen-year-old is changing the world of music forever!
36．Which of the following statement about Alma is WRONG
A．She can play the piano and the violin skillfully.
B．She can write operas and compose music as well.
C．Her talent goes far beyond that of Mozart.
D．She displayed her talent for music at an early age.
37．What does the underlined word "twist"(Para 2) most probably mean
A．Disadvantage. B．Change. C．Improvement. D．Error.
38．What do we know about Alma's Cinderella
A．Cinderella meets her Mr. Right through a song.
B．It is a short opera based on the classic fairy tale.
C．The prince finds her with the help of a crystal shoe.
D．It enjoys a great success and has been performed in China.
39．What was Alma's parents' attitude to her fame
A．Overexcited. B．Concerned. C．Happy. D．Shocked.
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．A
39．B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了16岁的英国女孩Alam因改编著名的童话故事《灰姑娘》成歌剧后成名的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择，在做词义猜测题的时候，要结构上下文的语境，在做观点态度题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
36．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“However, Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. （然而，阿尔玛的能力在2012年才获得国际关注，因为一位家庭朋友在网上发布了一段视频，将她与莫扎特进行了比较。）”以及最后一段中的“Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying "There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma." （阿尔玛也不想和这位著名的艺术家相提并论，她说：“只有一个莫扎特，我更想成为小阿尔玛。”）”可知 Alma的才华被用来与莫扎特作比较，而非远远超过了莫扎特。故选C。
37．词义猜测题。根据文章第2段中的“Alma's opera based on the classic fairy tale（阿尔玛根据经典童话改编的歌剧）”以及“ Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming, a poet through a song.（她的灰姑娘是一位音乐家，通过一首歌结识了她的白马王子，一位诗人。）”可知，Alma根据经典故事《灰姑娘》稍作改动，改编了歌剧。twist与change是近义词，表示“变化、改动”，故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“In my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad—but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the girls of the country to sing the end of the ballad.（在《我的灰姑娘》中，她唱起了一首歌谣的开头，但在午夜她却逃走了。最终，王子在要求全国所有女孩唱完这首歌谣的结尾后找到了她。）”可知，在Alam的《灰姑娘》中，灰姑娘通过一首歌邂逅了她的白马王子。故选A。
39．观点态度题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called "a composer and musician"（这个绰号让她的父母不高兴，因为他们认为这会给这个小女孩增加压力。相反，他们更希望她被称为“作曲家和音乐家”）”可知，Alam的父母对于她的出名是担忧的。故选B。
B
Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight How annoying! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.
Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to "burn off" the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.
To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines that can target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.
The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the numbers of people who are overweight continues to grow. In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic.
40．According to the scientists, some people ________.
A．are able to stay thin because of genetic factors
B．can eat what they want and stay healthy forever
C．usually keep doing exercise to lose their weight
D．don't eat anything every day but still put on weight
41．Some people don't need to worry about weight problems because ________.
A．they eat many vegetables
B．they eat less than others
C．they don't store any energy from food as fat
D．they can burn off the extra food without making fat
42．What can we learn from the passage
A．Fewer people will have weight problems in the future.
B．People with weight problems may suffer from heart trouble.
C．We now have good medicine for people with weight problems.
D．The result of the experiments on mice and humans are different.
43．What does the last paragraph imply
A．Current medicine solve weight problems well.
B．We should exercise regularly and eat properly.
C．Taking exercise every day may cause heart problems.
D．Testing new drugs is hard because of the side effects.
【答案】40．A
41．D
42．B
43．B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现体重是否增加受基因因素的影响，但体重过重的人可能患有高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险，因此我们应该经常锻炼，合理饮食。
【点评】考查阅读理解。注意要对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。
40．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.（然而，科学家们开始相信，有些人从父母那里获得了保持苗条的能力。）”以及第三段中的“Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. （科学家得出结论，体重增加似乎受到遗传因素的影响。）”可知，科学家认为有些人能够保持苗条是因为基因的因素。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to "burn off" the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.（同时，其他人吃得比他们需要的多，但他们的身体能够“燃烧”掉多余的食物而不产生脂肪，因此他们很少有体重问题。） ”可知，有些人不需要担心体重问题，因为他们的身体能够“燃烧”掉多余的食物而不产生脂肪，故选D。
42．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.（在美国，超过70%的人口有体重问题。这意味着他们有患高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险。）”可推知，有体重问题的人可能患有心脏病。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise.（因此，尽管在减肥药物研究方面取得了突破，但科学家和健康专家都一致认为，目前控制体重增加的最佳方法是拥有健康、均衡的饮食和积极的生活方式，并进行日常锻炼。）”可推知，我们应该经常坚持锻炼，合理饮食。故选B。
C
Nearly all of us have a bad habit, whether we know it or not. Some people say they want to get rid of it but don't know the proper ways. Here's some advice on how to get rid of bad habits.
Make a list.Write down why you want to stop a certain behavior, how it's hurting you and how to get rid of it. This will help a lot. Look at that list regularly.
Join in other activities.It's wise of you to do something else when you want to stop your bad habits. If you get angry easily, for example, you can practice having a deep breath or going for a walk.
Give yourself a present.Before you take action against a bad habit, decide what you'll do to celebrate it if you reach your goal.
Keep off bad habits.If you are fat and want to lose weight, keep junk food out of your house. If you are a heavy smoker with coffee, turn to tea and keep away from friends who like smoking.
Be patient.Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won't be able to get rid of them quickly. In fact, people often give up several times before being successful, so you should be patient.
Find support.Don't be afraid to ask for support from friends, family or other people who have the same bad habits as you. When you talk to others, they might be able to provide advice or encouragement that you usually wouldn't get from yourself.
44．If you want to lose weight, you should ______.
A．drink more coffee. B．refuse the junk food.
C．find support from friends. D．find a heavy smoker.
45．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage
A．it's not easy to get rid of bad habits in a short time.
B．You can write down the reasons for getting rid of bad habits.
C．When talking to others, you can get what you can't get from yourself.
D．When you want to stop your bad habits, don't do anything.
46．From the passage you can learn ______.
A．how to get rid of bad habits. B．why we have some bad habits.
C．what to do to have a bad habit. D．where to find some support
【答案】44．B
45．D
46．A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了改掉坏习惯的一些建议。
【点评】考查阅读理解。这篇文章相对来说比较简单，主要考查了细节理解题和主旨大意题两种考试的题型，在做细节理解题的时候，关键是要对文章的细节把控要到位，需要认真阅读，在做主旨大意题的时候，主要是要把文章通读一遍，掌握好中心思想。
44．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“ If you are fat and want to lose weight, keep junk food out of your house.（如果你很胖，想减肥，就不要吃垃圾食品。）”可知，如果想减肥就应该拒绝垃圾食品。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的”Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won't be able to get rid of them quickly.（坏习惯是多年来养成的，所以你可能无法很快改掉。）“可知选项A”要在短时间内改掉坏习惯并不容易。“是正确的；根据文章第二段中的” Write down why you want to stop a certain behavior, how it's hurting you and how to get rid of it. This will help a lot. Look at that list regularly.（写下你为什么要停止某一行为，它是如何伤害你的，以及如何摆脱它。这会有很大帮助。定期查看该列表。）“可知选项B”你可以写下改掉坏习惯的原因。“是正确的；根据文章最后一段中的“ When you talk to others, they might be able to provide advice or encouragement that you usually wouldn't get from yourself.（当你与他人交谈时，他们可能会提供你通常无法从自己身上得到的建议或鼓励。）”可知选项C“与他人交谈时，你可以得到你自己得不到的东西”是正确的；而选项D“与他人交谈时，你可以从自己身上得到你无法得到的东西。”文章中没有提到。故选D。
46．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的”Here's some advice on how to get rid of bad habits.（这里有一些关于如何改掉坏习惯的建议。）“可知，文章主要介绍了改掉坏习惯的一些建议，也就是说，文章中你可以了解到如何摆脱坏习惯。故选A。
D
"Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds," wrote William Wordsworth, who suggested that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we "plant" in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don't.
Before you start to work in your garden, it is necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve, because your mind-garden is like the white paper and the possibilities are endless.
No matter what plants to choose, poor soil isn't suitable for growth. This is why gardeners take the time and energy to improve the soil before planting. So, creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortunately, there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock (基石) better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways, which can help you enrich your life's soil.
You don't have to be an expert gardener to understand the meaning of "You harvest what you sow." When a gardener wants tomatoes, they just need to plant tomato seeds. It is a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which "life seeds" to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, it's likely that you'll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love.
A gardener's truly hard work begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a lot of care and attention. Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden. So, to ensure your dreams take root, you should be devoted, aware, and present. After countless hours and energy spent, the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.
47．Why does the author use William's Wordsworth saying in Paragraph 1
A．To sing praise to gardening.
B．To encourage everyone to plant seeds.
C．To stress the importance of results.
D．To compare gardening to people's life.
48．What is important before gardeners start to work in their gardens
A．Receiving some training in planting.
B．Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.
C．Having the courage to accept the worst result.
D．Doing research on the common local garden plants.
49．What does the author want to express in Paragraph 3
A．Your quality of life depends on your positive action.
B．Your experience can help you understand plants better.
C．Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.
D．Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.
50．Where can you read this article
A．In a science report. B．From news coverage.
C．In a book on life wisdom. D．From a lecture on agriculture.
【答案】47．D
48．B
49．A
50．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者以种植为例，形象地讲述了人生哲理：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
47．考查推理判断。根据第一段“‘Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,’ wrote William Wordsworth, who suggested that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we‘plant’in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don’t.”“你的思想是一个花园；你的思想就是种子。收获既可以是花，也可以是杂草，”威廉·华斯沃斯写道，他认为园艺的过程反映了人类的生活。取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么，我们生长茂盛还是不茂盛。可推断，作者用了威廉的话把园艺和人们的生活进行比较。故选D。
48．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Before you start to work in your garden, it is necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve ”在你开始在你的花园工作之前，有必要对它有一个愿景。想想你想在你的花园里种什么，以及如何布置它是使你的愿景成为富有成效的现实的良好的第一步。在生活中，你应该考虑你想要创造什么，你想要实现什么，可知，作者认为在翻地整理园子之前，有个好的规划很重要。故选B。
49．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“It is a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which ‘life seeds’ to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, it's likely that you’ll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love. ”这是一种非常明显的行为，能够产生预期的结果。我们每个人都有能力决定种下哪种“生命种子”。例如，如果你播下了不良的种子，你很可能会经历痛苦作为回报。相反，如果你播下善良和理解的种子，你的生活就会充满幸福和爱。可推断，作者在这一段告诉读者我们的生活质量取决于我们的积极付出。故选A。
50．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we ‘plant’ in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don’t.”园艺的过程反映了人类的生活。取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么，我们生长茂盛还是不茂盛)”以及下文内容的解释可推断，文章作者以种植为例，形象地讲述了人生的哲理：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。可推断，文章可能来自一本关于人生哲理的书籍。故选C。
六、书面表达
假定你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Mr. Wang为爱尔兰访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。你将作为主持人将专家介绍给爱尔兰朋友，请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1）表示欢迎；2）专家介绍；3）讲座内容。
注意：1）词数80左右；2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school! We're very honored to have Mr. Wang here to deliver a lecture about Chinese traditional culture. Mr. Wang, an expert in the field, has been devoted to Chinese traditional culture and has created his own research system. Today he will expose us to Confucius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped guided and influenced our lives for thousands of years. Hopefully, it will offer an insight into our unique culture and the beauty behind.
Now let's follow Mr. Wang and dive into the splendid Chinese culture.
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇发言稿。写作背景：你校邀请到了专家Mr. Wang为爱尔兰访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。你将作为主持人将专家介绍给爱尔兰朋友 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）表示欢迎；2）专家介绍；3）讲座内容。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Welcome to our school! 运用了祈使句；We're very honored to have Mr. Wang here to deliver a lecture about Chinese traditional culture. 运用了不定式作原因状语；Mr. Wang, an expert in the field, has been devoted to Chinese traditional culture and has created his own research system.运用了同位语；Today he will expose us to Confucius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped guided and influenced our lives for thousands of years. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Now let's follow Mr. Wang and dive into the splendid Chinese culture.运用了祈使句。
基础达标
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
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北师大版必修一综合复习分层练B（基础达标+能力提升）（原卷）
一、根据提示或首字母填写出单词的正确形式
A 150-year-old shipwreck（遇难船）believed　11． 　（be）a treasure of cultural relics was　12． 　（eventual） lifted from a riverbed near Shanghai early Monday morning in a high-tech salvage（打捞）operation.
The merchant ship,　13． 　 (refer) to as Yangtze River Estuary No 2 Ancient Vessel, dates back to the period of Emperor Tongzhi(1862-1875) in the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911). When it　14． 　(discover) in 2015, it was sitting 5. 5 meters off the northeast tip of Hengsha Island in Chongming district.
Recovery of the merchant vessel-about 38. 1 meters longand 9. 9 meters across at its widest point-was one of the most important and challenging underwater archaeological excavation（挖掘）　15． 　（project）China has undertaken.
The retrieval（取回）of the vessel "marks the perfect　16． 　（combine）of underwater engineering and cultural relics protection principles, "said Guan Qiang, deputy director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration.
"The project has provided a Chinese example, Chinese model, and Chinese experience for the global protection of underwater cultural relics, "he said.
In the coming days, another ship will take the shipwreck to the former site of Shanghai Shipyard in Yangpu district, where it will be examined and studied. The ship has been described by the heritage administration as "the largest and best-preserved sunken wooden sailboat in China's underwater archaeological findings, with　17． 　huge number of cultural relics　18． 　board".
Fang Shizhong,　19． 　 position is director of the Shanghai Cultural Heritage Administration, said that the discovery of the ancient boat was very 　20． 　(meaning), which "proves Shanghai's position as an important shipping and maritime commerce center for East Asia and even the whole world."
二、选词填空（词汇运用）
turn around, figure out, stand for, cool down, take notes, take risks, day after day, succeed in, bring...into focus
51．I shall let him 　 　 before discussing the subject.
52．I find I can't 　 　 those who put on airs.
53．Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did they 　 　 solving the problem.
54．　 　 so that I can see the back of the dress.
55．We waited 　 　, but the expected visitor never arrived.
56．You don't need to 　 　, for the teacher had put his script on Internet.
57．　 　 the subject 　 　 if you want to have a good picture.
58．Could you help me 　 　 this problem
三、翻译
1．很荣幸被邀请在这儿发表演讲。
It is a great honour 　 　　 　　 　 to speak here.
2．他们发现在两天之内完成他们的工作非常困难。
They found it very difficult 　 　　 　　 　　 　 within two days.
3．好借好还，再借不难。
Timely return of a loan makes it easier 　 　　 　 a second time.
4．在你离开房间之前，记得把灯关了。
　 　　 　　 　　 　 the lights before you leave the room.
5．我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语。
What I want to do most in my senior high school is 　 　.
6．公元405年，陶渊明辞去了官职，以表达他对仕途的不满，用今天的一句名言形容就是“不为五斗米折腰”。
In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, ______________________________　 　　 　　 　
in the now famous line that he would not "bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain".
7．……他们关于简单生活和与自然和谐相处的想法，可能会让我们离获得个人幸福和满足感更近一步。
...their ideas about 　 　　 　 and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to 　 　　 　 well-being and fulfilment.
8．……梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。
...Thoreau's was a personal decision 　 　　 　 the way he lived.
9．……他从这种简单的生活中成功获得了满足感，并从大自然中获得了乐趣。
...he succeeded in 　 　　 　 in its simplicity and in 　 　　 　 from nature.
10．昨天John因为粗心，自己所有的钱都被偷走了。 (get+宾语+宾补)
John 　 　 yesterday because of his carelessness.
四、完形填空
Pierre de Coubertin, the father of the Olympics, once said, "All 21． for all people." Sports were also a big part of Jim's life. Jim was always on the team. But his favourite sport was football.
One day in practice, something went horribly 22． . Jim got seriously hurt. Doctors had to 23． his right leg below the knee. After weeks of treatment, Jim got a man-made leg. "I felt, like a baby, because I had to learn how to 24． again," he said. However, Jim never lost his 25． spirit. "I took it on just as a 26． ." he explains.
One goal kept Jim 27． . "I was determined to get back and play football." he says. His coach and teammates visit him, offering their 28． .
When Jim returned to school, he was in a wheelchair. Jim's school had a top football team. Would Jim be able to play at such a competitive level At first, no one was 29． . There was no need to worry. Before long, Jim mastered the use of his new 30． . He was back on the football field and soon became one of the most 31． members of the team.
Jim also 32． playing wheelchair basketball and wheelchair football. He competed in weightlifting (举重) for people with disability as well.
Jim always says, "Don't try to be something you're not, be the 33．
you can be." Jim's best performance turns out to be better than anyone could have 34． . Now he holds a world record for weightlifting. And he hopes to 35． in the Paralympics (残奥会).
21．A．honour B．sports C．stress D．strength
22．A．strange B．unique C．narrow D．wrong
23．A．work out B．cut off C．focus on D．apply for
24．A．quit B．hike C．survive D．walk
25．A．fighting B．commenting C．comparing D．winning
26．A．request B．legend C．challenge D．friendship
27．A．pretending B．going C．graduating D．searching
28．A．support B．source C．destination D．diet
29．A．sure B．successful C．official D．graceful
30．A．castle B．flight C．leg D．tool
31．A．injured B．valuable C．unusual D．expensive
32．A．admired B．considered C．remembered D．began
33．A．biggest B．tallest C．best D．wisest
34．A．known B．realized C．expected D．provided
35．A．cheat B．cheer C．sweat D．compete
五、阅读理解
A
At first sight, Alma Deutscher, a sixteen-year-old girl from England appears to be like any other typical teenager. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average. Though her parents downplayed(淡化)her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as "little Mozart" by the music world.
Alma's opera based on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming, a poet through a song. "In my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad—but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the girls of the country to sing the end of the ballad."
The opera was first performed in Vienna, Austria on December 29, 2016, where the then eleven-year-old skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and received enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, one in Australia and the other in China.
While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, "Of course I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on."
Alma's musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that as an 18-month-old toddler, she was able to hum a perfect version of the children's rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.
However, Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed "little Mozart". This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called "a composer and musician".
Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying "There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma." Regardless of what she calls herself, the sixteen-year-old is changing the world of music forever!
36．Which of the following statement about Alma is WRONG
A．She can play the piano and the violin skillfully.
B．She can write operas and compose music as well.
C．Her talent goes far beyond that of Mozart.
D．She displayed her talent for music at an early age.
37．What does the underlined word "twist"(Para 2) most probably mean
A．Disadvantage. B．Change. C．Improvement. D．Error.
38．What do we know about Alma's Cinderella
A．Cinderella meets her Mr. Right through a song.
B．It is a short opera based on the classic fairy tale.
C．The prince finds her with the help of a crystal shoe.
D．It enjoys a great success and has been performed in China.
39．What was Alma's parents' attitude to her fame
A．Overexcited. B．Concerned. C．Happy. D．Shocked.
B
Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight How annoying! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.
Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to "burn off" the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.
To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines that can target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.
The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the numbers of people who are overweight continues to grow. In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic.
40．According to the scientists, some people ________.
A．are able to stay thin because of genetic factors
B．can eat what they want and stay healthy forever
C．usually keep doing exercise to lose their weight
D．don't eat anything every day but still put on weight
41．Some people don't need to worry about weight problems because ________.
A．they eat many vegetables
B．they eat less than others
C．they don't store any energy from food as fat
D．they can burn off the extra food without making fat
42．What can we learn from the passage
A．Fewer people will have weight problems in the future.
B．People with weight problems may suffer from heart trouble.
C．We now have good medicine for people with weight problems.
D．The result of the experiments on mice and humans are different.
43．What does the last paragraph imply
A．Current medicine solve weight problems well.
B．We should exercise regularly and eat properly.
C．Taking exercise every day may cause heart problems.
D．Testing new drugs is hard because of the side effects.
C
Nearly all of us have a bad habit, whether we know it or not. Some people say they want to get rid of it but don't know the proper ways. Here's some advice on how to get rid of bad habits.
Make a list.Write down why you want to stop a certain behavior, how it's hurting you and how to get rid of it. This will help a lot. Look at that list regularly.
Join in other activities.It's wise of you to do something else when you want to stop your bad habits. If you get angry easily, for example, you can practice having a deep breath or going for a walk.
Give yourself a present.Before you take action against a bad habit, decide what you'll do to celebrate it if you reach your goal.
Keep off bad habits.If you are fat and want to lose weight, keep junk food out of your house. If you are a heavy smoker with coffee, turn to tea and keep away from friends who like smoking.
Be patient.Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won't be able to get rid of them quickly. In fact, people often give up several times before being successful, so you should be patient.
Find support.Don't be afraid to ask for support from friends, family or other people who have the same bad habits as you. When you talk to others, they might be able to provide advice or encouragement that you usually wouldn't get from yourself.
44．If you want to lose weight, you should ______.
A．drink more coffee. B．refuse the junk food.
C．find support from friends. D．find a heavy smoker.
45．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage
A．it's not easy to get rid of bad habits in a short time.
B．You can write down the reasons for getting rid of bad habits.
C．When talking to others, you can get what you can't get from yourself.
D．When you want to stop your bad habits, don't do anything.
46．From the passage you can learn ______.
A．how to get rid of bad habits. B．why we have some bad habits.
C．what to do to have a bad habit. D．where to find some support
D
"Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds," wrote William Wordsworth, who suggested that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we "plant" in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don't.
Before you start to work in your garden, it is necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve, because your mind-garden is like the white paper and the possibilities are endless.
No matter what plants to choose, poor soil isn't suitable for growth. This is why gardeners take the time and energy to improve the soil before planting. So, creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortunately, there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock (基石) better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways, which can help you enrich your life's soil.
You don't have to be an expert gardener to understand the meaning of "You harvest what you sow." When a gardener wants tomatoes, they just need to plant tomato seeds. It is a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which "life seeds" to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, it's likely that you'll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love.
A gardener's truly hard work begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a lot of care and attention. Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden. So, to ensure your dreams take root, you should be devoted, aware, and present. After countless hours and energy spent, the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.
47．Why does the author use William's Wordsworth saying in Paragraph 1
A．To sing praise to gardening.
B．To encourage everyone to plant seeds.
C．To stress the importance of results.
D．To compare gardening to people's life.
48．What is important before gardeners start to work in their gardens
A．Receiving some training in planting.
B．Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.
C．Having the courage to accept the worst result.
D．Doing research on the common local garden plants.
49．What does the author want to express in Paragraph 3
A．Your quality of life depends on your positive action.
B．Your experience can help you understand plants better.
C．Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.
D．Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.
50．Where can you read this article
A．In a science report. B．From news coverage.
C．In a book on life wisdom. D．From a lecture on agriculture.
六、书面表达
假定你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Mr. Wang为爱尔兰访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。你将作为主持人将专家介绍给爱尔兰朋友，请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1）表示欢迎；2）专家介绍；3）讲座内容。
注意：1）词数80左右；2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
基础达标
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)